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author | John Terpstra <jht@samba.org> | 2005-06-20 07:25:03 +0000 |
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committer | Gerald W. Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2008-04-23 08:46:51 -0500 |
commit | 01a4f306d7b40f8cebfa605ee31a9aa2742c38b5 (patch) | |
tree | 600e0ec62f6ca44c16a734297a27c5e103cad1b4 /docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml | |
parent | 6a953e9f9eb1d7617e519063da9f59d43c25e35f (diff) | |
download | samba-01a4f306d7b40f8cebfa605ee31a9aa2742c38b5.tar.gz samba-01a4f306d7b40f8cebfa605ee31a9aa2742c38b5.tar.bz2 samba-01a4f306d7b40f8cebfa605ee31a9aa2742c38b5.zip |
Progress update.
(This used to be commit 86f20eacb8f5e707b07e6d7aced55c3d2b2d9d6a)
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml')
-rw-r--r-- | docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml | 257 |
1 files changed, 206 insertions, 51 deletions
diff --git a/docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml b/docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml index 5a62de8e86..1bd6db9028 100644 --- a/docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml +++ b/docs/Samba3-HOWTO/TOSHARG-BDC.xml @@ -46,9 +46,11 @@ you will have stability and operational problems. <indexterm><primary>two-way</primary><secondary>propagation</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>non-LDAP</primary><secondary>backend</secondary></indexterm> -While it is possible to run a Samba-3 BDC with a non-LDAP backend, that -backend must allow some form of "two-way" propagation of changes -from the BDC to the master. Only LDAP has such capability at this stage. +<indexterm><primary>propagate</primary></indexterm> +While it is possible to run a Samba-3 BDC with a non-LDAP backend, that backend must allow some form of +"two-way" propagation of changes from the BDC to the master. At this time only LDAP delivers the capability +to propagate identity database changes from the BDC to the PDC. The BDC can use a slave LDAP server, while it +is preferable for the PDC to use as its primary an LDAP master server. </para> <para> @@ -141,12 +143,18 @@ possible design configurations for a PDC/BDC infrastructure. <title>Essential Background Information</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>domain controller</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>logon requests</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LanMan</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Netlogon</primary></indexterm> A domain controller is a machine that is able to answer logon requests from network workstations. Microsoft LanManager and IBM LanServer were two early products that provided this capability. The technology has become known as the LanMan Netlogon service. </para> <para> +<indexterm>network<primary></primary><secondary>logon</secondary><tertiary>service</tertiary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Windows NT3.10</primary></indexterm> When MS Windows NT3.10 was first released, it supported a new style of Domain Control and with it a new form of the network logon service that has extended functionality. This service became known as the NT NetLogon Service. The nature of this service has @@ -158,6 +166,13 @@ services that are implemented over an intricate spectrum of technologies. <title>MS Windows NT4-style Domain Control</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>domain controller</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>authentication server</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>username</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>password</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Security Account Manager</primary><see>SAM</see></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain control database</primary><see>SAM</see></indexterm> Whenever a user logs into a Windows NT4/200x/XP Professional workstation, the workstation connects to a domain controller (authentication server) to validate that the username and password the user entered are valid. If the information entered @@ -167,6 +182,11 @@ codes is returned to the workstation that has made the authentication request. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>account information</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>machine accounts database</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>profile</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>network access profile</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>desktop profile</primary></indexterm> When the username/password pair has been validated, the domain controller (authentication server) will respond with full enumeration of the account information that has been stored regarding that user in the user and machine accounts database @@ -181,6 +201,10 @@ in all versions of MS Windows NT (3.10, 3.50, 3.51, 4.0). <para> <indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>%SystemRoot%\System32\config</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>C:\WinNT\System32\config</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> The account information (user and machine) on domain controllers is stored in two files, one containing the security information and the other the SAM. These are stored in files by the same name in the <filename>%SystemRoot%\System32\config</filename> directory. @@ -195,21 +219,29 @@ There are two situations in which it is desirable to install BDCs: <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> On the local network that the PDC is on, if there are many workstations and/or where the PDC is generally very busy. In this case the BDCs will pick up network logon requests and help to add robustness to network services. </para></listitem> <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>network</primary><secondary>wide-area</secondary></indexterm> At each remote site, to reduce wide-area network traffic and to add stability to - remote network operations. The design of the network, the strategic placement of - BDCs, together with an implementation that localizes as much - of network to client interchange as possible will help to minimize wide-area network - bandwidth needs (and thus costs). + remote network operations. The design of the network, and the strategic placement of + BDCs, together with an implementation that localizes as much of network to client + interchange as possible, will help to minimize wide-area network bandwidth needs + (and thus costs). </para></listitem> </itemizedlist> <para> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>user account database</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>trigger</primary></indexterm> The interoperation of a PDC and its BDCs in a true Windows NT4 environment is worth mentioning here. The PDC contains the master copy of the SAM. In the event that an administrator makes a change to the user account database while physically present @@ -223,6 +255,10 @@ trigger them to obtain the update and then apply that to their own copy of the S </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary><secondary>replication</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary><secondary>delta file</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> Samba-3 cannot participate in true SAM replication and is therefore not able to employ precisely the same protocols used by MS Windows NT4. A Samba-3 BDC will not create SAM update delta files. It will not interoperate with a PDC (NT4 or Samba) @@ -230,12 +266,17 @@ to synchronize the SAM from delta files that are held by BDCs. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> Samba-3 cannot function as a BDC to an MS Windows NT4 PDC, and Samba-3 cannot function correctly as a PDC to an MS Windows NT4 BDC. Both Samba-3 and MS Windows NT4 can function as a BDC to its own type of PDC. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain security</primary></indexterm> The BDC is said to hold a <emphasis>read-only</emphasis> of the SAM from which it is able to process network logon requests and authenticate users. The BDC can continue to provide this service, particularly while, for example, the wide-area @@ -244,23 +285,29 @@ maintenance of domain security as well as in network integrity. </para> <para> -In the event that the NT4 PDC should need to be taken out of service, or if it dies, -one of the NT4 BDCs can be promoted to a PDC. If this happens while the original NT4 PDC -is online, it is automatically demoted to an NT4 BDC. This is an important aspect of domain -controller management. The tool that is used to effect a promotion or a demotion is the -Server Manager for Domains. It should be noted that Samba-3 BDCs cannot be promoted -in this manner because reconfiguration of Samba requires changes to the &smb.conf; file. +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>promoted</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>demoted</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>reconfiguration</primary></indexterm> +In the event that the NT4 PDC should need to be taken out of service, or if it dies, one of the NT4 BDCs can +be promoted to a PDC. If this happens while the original NT4 PDC is online, it is automatically demoted to an +NT4 BDC. This is an important aspect of domain controller management. The tool that is used to effect a +promotion or a demotion is the Server Manager for Domains. It should be noted that Samba-3 BDCs cannot be +promoted in this manner because reconfiguration of Samba requires changes to the &smb.conf; file. It is easy +enough to manuall change the &smb.conf; file and then restart relevant Samba network services. </para> <sect3> <title>Example PDC Configuration</title> <para> -Beginning with Version 2.2, Samba officially supports domain logons for all current Windows clients, -including Windows NT4, 2003, and XP Professional. For Samba to be enabled as a PDC, some -parameters in the <smbconfsection name="[global]"/> section of the &smb.conf; have to be set. -Refer to <link linkend="minimalPDC">the Minimal smb.conf for a PDC in Use with a BDC &smbmdash; LDAP Server on -PDC section</link> for an example of the minimum required settings. +<indexterm><primary>domain logon</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +Beginning with Version 2.2, Samba officially supports domain logons for all current Windows clients, including +Windows NT4, 2003, and XP Professional. For Samba to be enabled as a PDC, some parameters in the +<smbconfsection name="[global]"/> section of the &smb.conf; have to be set. Refer to <link +linkend="minimalPDC">the Minimal smb.conf for a PDC in Use with a BDC &smbmdash; LDAP Server on PDC +section</link> for an example of the minimum required settings. </para> <example id="minimalPDC"> @@ -274,6 +321,8 @@ PDC section</link> for an example of the minimum required settings. </example> <para> +<indexterm><primary>profile path</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>home drive</primary></indexterm> Several other things like a <smbconfsection name="[homes]"/> and a <smbconfsection name="[netlogon]"/> share also need to be set along with settings for the profile path, the user's home drive, and so on. This is not covered in this @@ -287,6 +336,9 @@ chapter; for more information please refer to <link linkend="samba-pdc">Domain C <title>LDAP Configuration Notes</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary><secondary>master</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary><secondary>slave</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> When configuring a master and a slave LDAP server, it is advisable to use the master LDAP server for the PDC and slave LDAP servers for the BDCs. It is not essential to use slave LDAP servers; however, many administrators will want to do so in order to provide redundant services. Of course, one or more BDCs @@ -295,36 +347,51 @@ entire network. </para> <para> -When configuring a master LDAP server that will have slave LDAP servers, do not forget to configure -this in the <filename>/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</filename> file. It must be noted that the DN of a -server certificate must use the CN attribute to name the server, and the CN must carry the servers' -fully qualified domain name. Additional alias names and wildcards may be present in the -subjectAltName certificate extension. More details on server certificate names are in RFC2830. +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary><secondary>master</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary><secondary>server</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>CN</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>DN</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>RFC2830</primary></indexterm> +When configuring a master LDAP server that will have slave LDAP servers, do not forget to configure this in +the <filename>/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</filename> file. It must be noted that the DN of a server certificate +must use the CN attribute to name the server, and the CN must carry the servers' fully qualified domain name. +Additional alias names and wildcards may be present in the subjectAltName certificate extension. More details +on server certificate names are in RFC2830. </para> <para> -It does not really fit within the scope of this document, but a working LDAP installation is -basic to LDAP-enabled Samba operation. When using an OpenLDAP server with Transport Layer Security -(TLS), the machine name in <filename>/etc/ssl/certs/slapd.pem</filename> must be the -same as in <filename>/etc/openldap/sldap.conf</filename>. The Red Hat Linux startup script -creates the <filename>slapd.pem</filename> file with hostname <quote>localhost.localdomain.</quote> -It is impossible to access this LDAP server from a slave LDAP server (i.e., a Samba BDC) unless the -certificate is re-created with a correct hostname. +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>OpenLDAP</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>transport layer security</primary><see>TLS</see></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>/etc/ssl/certs/slapd.pem</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>slapd.pem</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Red Hat Linux</primary></indexterm> +It does not really fit within the scope of this document, but a working LDAP installation is basic to +LDAP-enabled Samba operation. When using an OpenLDAP server with Transport Layer Security (TLS), the machine +name in <filename>/etc/ssl/certs/slapd.pem</filename> must be the same as in +<filename>/etc/openldap/sldap.conf</filename>. The Red Hat Linux startup script creates the +<filename>slapd.pem</filename> file with hostname <quote>localhost.localdomain.</quote> It is impossible to +access this LDAP server from a slave LDAP server (i.e., a Samba BDC) unless the certificate is re-created with +a correct hostname. </para> <para> -For preference, do not install a Samba PDC on a OpenLDAP slave server. Joining client machines to the domain -will fail in this configuration because the change to the machine account in the LDAP tree -must take place on the master LDAP server. This is not replicated rapidly enough to the slave -server that the PDC queries. It therefore gives an error message on the client machine about -not being able to set up account credentials. The machine account is created on the LDAP server, -but the password fields will be empty. Unfortunately, some sites are -unable to avoid such configurations, and these sites should review the -<smbconfoption name="ldap replication sleep"/> parameter, intended to slow down Samba sufficiently -for the replication to catch up. This is a kludge, and one that the -administrator must manually duplicate in any scripts (such as the -<smbconfoption name="add machine script"/>) that -they use. +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>OpenLDAP</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>machine account</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>credentials</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>replication</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>duplicate</primary></indexterm> +Do not install a Samba PDC so that is uses an LDAP slave server. Joining client machines to the domain +will fail in this configuration because the change to the machine account in the LDAP tree must take place on +the master LDAP server. This is not replicated rapidly enough to the slave server that the PDC queries. It +therefore gives an error message on the client machine about not being able to set up account credentials. The +machine account is created on the LDAP server, but the password fields will be empty. Unfortunately, some +sites are unable to avoid such configurations, and these sites should review the <smbconfoption name="ldap +replication sleep"/> parameter, intended to slow down Samba sufficiently for the replication to catch up. +This is a kludge, and one that the administrator must manually duplicate in any scripts (such as the +<smbconfoption name="add machine script"/>) that they use. </para> <para> @@ -369,6 +436,12 @@ Servers in &smb.conf; example</link>. <title>Active Directory Domain Control</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>MS Windows 2000</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Active Directory</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>directory</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>replicated</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain controller</primary></indexterm> As of the release of MS Windows 2000 and Active Directory, this information is now stored in a directory that can be replicated and for which partial or full administrative control can be delegated. Samba-3 is not able to be a domain controller within an Active Directory @@ -382,15 +455,22 @@ act as a BDC to an Active Directory domain controller. <title>What Qualifies a Domain Controller on the Network?</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>DMB</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>WINS</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>NetBIOS</primary></indexterm> Every machine that is a domain controller for the domain MIDEARTH has to register the NetBIOS -group name MIDEARTH<#1c> with the WINS server and/or by broadcast on the local network. -The PDC also registers the unique NetBIOS name MIDEARTH<#1b> with the WINS server. -The name type <#1b> name is normally reserved for the Domain Master Browser (DMB), a role +group name MIDEARTH<#1C> with the WINS server and/or by broadcast on the local network. +The PDC also registers the unique NetBIOS name MIDEARTH<#1B> with the WINS server. +The name type <#1B> name is normally reserved for the Domain Master Browser (DMB), a role that has nothing to do with anything related to authentication, but the Microsoft domain implementation requires the DMB to be on the same machine as the PDC. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>broadcast</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>name registration</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SMB/CIFS</primary></indexterm> Where a WINS server is not used, broadcast name registrations alone must suffice. Refer to <link linkend="NetworkBrowsing">Network Browsing</link>,<link linkend="netdiscuss">Discussion</link> for more information regarding TCP/IP network protocols and how SMB/CIFS names are handled. @@ -402,12 +482,16 @@ for more information regarding TCP/IP network protocols and how SMB/CIFS names a <title>How Does a Workstation find its Domain Controller?</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>locate domain controller</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>NetBIOS</primary></indexterm> There are two different mechanisms to locate a domain controller: one method is used when NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled and the other when it has been disabled in the TCP/IP network configuration. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>broadcast messaging</primary></indexterm> Where NetBIOS over TCP/IP is disabled, all name resolution involves the use of DNS, broadcast messaging over UDP, as well as Active Directory communication technologies. In this type of environment all machines require appropriate DNS entries. More information may be found in @@ -417,6 +501,10 @@ environment all machines require appropriate DNS entries. More information may b <sect3> <title>NetBIOS Over TCP/IP Enabled</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>Windows NT4/200x/XP</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain controller</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>logon requests</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>credentials validation</primary></indexterm> An MS Windows NT4/200x/XP Professional workstation in the domain MIDEARTH that wants a local user to be authenticated has to find the domain controller for MIDEARTH. It does this by doing a NetBIOS name query for the group name MIDEARTH<#1c>. It assumes that each @@ -432,6 +520,10 @@ password) to the local domain controller for validation. <title>NetBIOS Over TCP/IP Disabled</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>realm</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>logon authentication</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>DNS</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>_ldap._tcp.pdc._msdcs.quenya.org</primary></indexterm> An MS Windows NT4/200x/XP Professional workstation in the realm <constant>quenya.org</constant> that has a need to affect user logon authentication will locate the domain controller by re-querying DNS servers for the <constant>_ldap._tcp.pdc._msdcs.quenya.org</constant> record. @@ -446,13 +538,19 @@ More information regarding this subject may be found in <link linkend="adsdnstec <title>Backup Domain Controller Configuration</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before &smbd; is executed for the first time. These steps are as follows: -<indexterm><primary>SID</primary></indexterm> </para> <itemizedlist> -<listitem><para> + <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>SID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>private/secrets.tdb</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>private/MACHINE.SID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>domain SID</primary></indexterm> The domain SID has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC. In Samba versions pre-2.2.5, the domain SID was stored in the file <filename>private/MACHINE.SID</filename>. The domain SID is now stored in the file <filename>private/secrets.tdb</filename>. This file @@ -462,6 +560,11 @@ The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before </para> <para> + <indexterm><primary>domain SID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>secrets.tdb</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>net</primary><secondary>rpc</secondary><tertiary>getsid</tertiary></indexterm> To retrieve the domain SID from the PDC or an existing BDC and store it in the <filename>secrets.tdb</filename>, execute: </para> @@ -471,6 +574,9 @@ The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before </listitem> <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>secrets.tdb</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>smbpasswd</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>LDAP administration password</primary></indexterm> Specification of the <smbconfoption name="ldap admin dn"/> is obligatory. This also requires the LDAP administration password to be set in the <filename>secrets.tdb</filename> using the <command>smbpasswd -w <replaceable>mysecret</replaceable></command>. @@ -483,7 +589,10 @@ The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before </para></listitem> <listitem><para> -<indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>user database</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>synchronized</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>NIS</primary></indexterm> The UNIX user database has to be synchronized from the PDC to the BDC. This means that both the <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> and <filename>/etc/group</filename> have to be replicated from the PDC @@ -497,6 +606,14 @@ The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before </listitem> <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>password database</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>replicated</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>smbpasswd</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>ssh</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary></indexterm> The Samba password database must be replicated from the PDC to the BDC. Although it is possible to synchronize the <filename>smbpasswd</filename> file with <command>rsync</command> and <command>ssh</command>, this method @@ -505,6 +622,12 @@ The creation of a BDC requires some steps to prepare the Samba server before </para></listitem> <listitem><para> + <indexterm><primary>netlogon share</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>replicate</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>cron</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm> The netlogon share has to be replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This can be done manually whenever login scripts are changed, or it can be done automatically using a <command>cron</command> job @@ -534,23 +657,35 @@ as shown in <link linkend="minim-bdc">Minimal Setup for Being a BDC</link>. </example> <para> -This configuration causes the BDC to register only the name MIDEARTH<#1c> with the -WINS server. This is not a problem, as the name MIDEARTH<#1c> is a NetBIOS group name +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>NetBIOS</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>group</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +This configuration causes the BDC to register only the name MIDEARTH<#1C> with the +WINS server. This is not a problem, as the name MIDEARTH<#1C> is a NetBIOS group name that is meant to be registered by more than one machine. The parameter <smbconfoption name="domain master">no</smbconfoption> -forces the BDC not to register MIDEARTH<#1b>, which is a unique NetBIOS name that +forces the BDC not to register MIDEARTH<#1B>, which is a unique NetBIOS name that is reserved for the PDC. </para> <para> <indexterm><primary>idmap backend</primary></indexterm> <indexterm><primary>winbindd</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>redirect</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>winbindd</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP database</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>UID</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>GID</primary></indexterm> The <parameter>idmap backend</parameter> will redirect the <command>winbindd</command> utility to use the LDAP database to resolve all UIDs and GIDs for UNIX accounts. </para> <note><para> <indexterm><primary>Server Type</primary><secondary>Domain Member</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>ID mapping</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain member server</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>idmap backend</primary></indexterm> Samba-3 has introduced a new ID mapping facility. One of the features of this facility is that it allows greater flexibility in how user and group IDs are handled in respect to NT domain user and group SIDs. One of the new facilities provides for explicitly ensuring that UNIX/Linux UID and GID values @@ -560,6 +695,9 @@ regarding its behavior. </para></note> <para> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>winbindd</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>domain member servers</primary></indexterm> The use of the <smbconfoption name="idmap backend">ldap:ldap://master.quenya.org</smbconfoption> option on a BDC only makes sense where ldapsam is used on a PDC. The purpose of an LDAP-based idmap backend is also to allow a domain member (without its own passdb backend) to use winbindd to resolve Windows network users @@ -574,6 +712,7 @@ member servers. <title>Common Errors</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>domain control</primary></indexterm> As domain control is a rather new area for Samba, there are not many examples that we may refer to. Updates will be published as they become available and may be found in later Samba releases or from the Samba Web <ulink url="http://samba.org">site</ulink>. @@ -584,6 +723,9 @@ from the Samba Web <ulink url="http://samba.org">site</ulink>. <para> <indexterm><primary>Machine Trust Accounts</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>passdb</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>Local Machine Trust Account</primary></indexterm> This problem will occur when the passdb (SAM) files are copied from a central server but the local BDC is acting as a PDC. This results in the application of Local Machine Trust Account password updates to the local SAM. Such updates @@ -606,10 +748,14 @@ a slave LDAP server for each BDC and a master LDAP server for the PDC. <para> <indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> No. The native NT4 SAM replication protocols have not yet been fully implemented. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>BDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>PDC</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>logon requests</primary></indexterm> Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes, but only to a Samba PDC.The main reason for implementing a BDC is availability. If the PDC is a Samba machine, a second Samba machine can be set up to service logon requests whenever @@ -623,12 +769,17 @@ the PDC is down. <para> <indexterm><primary>replication</primary><secondary>SAM</secondary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>smbpasswd</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>SAM</primary></indexterm> Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done whenever changes to the SAM are made. Every user's password change is done in the smbpasswd file and has to be replicated to the BDC. So replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary. </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>plaintext password</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>ssh</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>rsync</primary></indexterm> As the smbpasswd file contains plaintext password equivalents, it must not be sent unencrypted over the wire. The best way to set up smbpasswd replication from the PDC to the BDC is to use the utility rsync. rsync can use ssh as a transport. @@ -637,6 +788,8 @@ the PDC to the BDC is to use the utility rsync. rsync can use ssh as a transport </para> <para> +<indexterm><primary>machine trust accounts</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary></indexterm> As said a few times before, use of this method is broken and flawed. Machine trust accounts will go out of sync, resulting in a broken domain. This method is <emphasis>not</emphasis> recommended. Try using LDAP instead. @@ -648,6 +801,8 @@ accounts will go out of sync, resulting in a broken domain. This method is <title>Can I Do This All with LDAP?</title> <para> +<indexterm><primary>pdb_ldap</primary></indexterm> +<indexterm><primary>LDAP</primary></indexterm> The simple answer is yes. Samba's pdb_ldap code supports binding to a replica LDAP server and will also follow referrals and rebind to the master if it ever needs to make a modification to the database. (Normally BDCs are read-only, so |