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+<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN">
+<book id="samba-pdc-faq">
+
+<title>The Samba 2.2 PDC FAQ</title>
+
+<bookinfo>
+    <author>
+        <firstname>David</firstname><surname>Bannon</surname>
+        <affiliation><orgname>La Trobe University</orgname></affiliation>
+    </author>
+    <address><email>dbannon@samba.org</email></address>    
+    <pubdate>November 2000</pubdate>
+</bookinfo>
+
+
+<dedication><title></>
+
+    <para>Comments, corrections and additions to <email>D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au</email></para>
+
+	<para>This is the FAQ for Samba 2.2 as an NTDomain controller. 
+	This document is derived from the origional FAQ that was built and 
+	maintained by Gerald Carter
+	from the early days of Samba NTDomain development up until recently. 
+	It is now being updated as significent changes are made to 2.2.0.</para> 
+
+	<para>Please note it does not apply to Samba2.2alpha0, Samba2.2alpha1, Samba 2.0.7, TNG nor HEAD branch.
+    </para>
+    <para>I'll repeat, it does not apply to the current snapshot [ftp mirror]:/pub/samba/alpha/samba-2.2.0-alpha1.tar.gz, only to the to the current cvs.</para>
+
+<para>
+	Also available is a Samba 2.2 PDC <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</> that takes you, step
+    by step, over the process of setting up a very basic Samba 2.2 Primary Domain Controller
+    </para>
+
+	<note><para>Please read the Introduction for the current <link linkend=stateofplay> state of play</>.</para></>
+</dedication>
+
+<toc></toc> 
+
+<!-- ================ I N T R O D U C T I O N  ==================== -->
+
+
+<chapter><title>Introduction</>
+
+<sect1><title id=stateofplay>State of Play</title>
+	<para><emphasis>It should be noted that 2.2.0 in its pre-release form still has a few problems,
+	I'll try and keep this section current while things are still dynamic. 
+	At the time of this update (December 15, 2000) the current state of play is :</emphasis></para>
+
+    <para>Comments here about W2K joining the domain apply only to Samba 2.2 from the CVS after November 27th. The
+    'snapshot' release Samba2.2alpha1 does not work !!! See below on how to get a CVS tree.</para>
+
+    <para><command>Known Bug !</>W2K machines will not successfully join a domain with a name that
+    is made up from an even number of characters. Yep, thats right ! BIOTEST is OK as is MYDOMAI
+    but MYDOMAIN will not work until this bug is fixed. Hmm.., we believe
+	that this bug is fixed, but see below.</para> 
+
+    <para><command>Known Bug !</>After some bugs were fixed just before
+    Christmas, W2K SP1 machines cannot join the domain. Expected to be
+    fixed early in the new year. Whats that ? yeah, samba developers
+    have a Christmas break too !</para>
+
+
+    <para><command>Know Bug !</>NTs (and possibly W2K ?) are not told the logged on user is a domain
+    admin if the parameter "domain admin users = user" is used. The alternative, "domain admin group"
+    does work. See the HowTo.</>
+
+    <para>Client Side creation of Machine accounts does work but is not complete. 
+    Firstly, the <filename>add user script</> runs as the user who's
+    name was entered, not as root. Secondly, the machine name passed to the script (%U) 
+    has an underscore at the end, not a '$'. One alternative is to use  %m and add the $.
+    This method is documented in the <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>.  
+    And thirdly, it does not work with NT4ws. 
+    </para>
+
+    <para>A W2K machine can join the domain. See the <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>
+     which explains the process. The methods
+    described are 'work arounds' and should be regarded as temporary. Although I (drb) 
+    have tested these procedures a number  of people have had difficulty so there
+    may be other issues at work. JFM is aware of these 
+    problems and will attend to them when he can.</para>  
+
+	<para>A Domain Admin account is required and at present it appears that only root
+	is a suitable candidate.</para> 
+
+	<para>Much of the related code does work. For example, if an NT is removed from the 
+	domain and then rejoins, the <filename>Create a Computer Account in the Domain</> dialog
+	will let you reset the smbpasswd. That is you don't need to do it from
+	the unix box. However, at the present, you do need to have root as an 
+	administrator and use the root user name and password.</para> 
+
+    <para><emphasis>Actually I'm 
+    not sure that last paragraph is correct ....</></para>
+
+    <para><command>Policies</> do work on a W2K machine. MS says that recent builds of 
+    W2K dont observe an NT policy but it appears it does in 'legacy' mode.</para>
+  
+</sect1>
+<sect1><title>Introduction</>
+	<para>This FAQ was origionally compiled by Jerry Carter (gc) chiefly dealing with the 'old head'
+	version of Samba and its NTDomain facilities. It is being rewritten by David Bannon (drb)
+	so that it addresses more accurately the Samba 2.2 planned for release late 2000. </para>
+
+	<para>This document probably still contains some material that does not apply to 
+	Samba 2.2 but most (all?) of the really misleading stuff has been removed. Some 
+    issues are not dealt with or are dealt with badly. Please send corrections and additions to
+	David Bannon at D.Bannon@latrobe.edu.au</para> 
+
+	<para>Hopefully, as we all become familiar with the Samba 2.2 as a PDC this document will
+	become much more usefull.</para>
+
+
+</sect1>
+</chapter>
+
+<!-- ============== G E N E R A L   I N F O R M A T I O N ============== -->
+
+<chapter><title>General Information</>
+
+
+<sect1><title>What can we do ?</title>
+
+<sect2><title>What can Samba Primary Domain Controller (PDC) do ?</>
+
+	<para>If you wish to have Samba act as a PDC for Windows NT 3.51.and 4.0 or W2000 client, then you 
+	will need to obtain the 2.2.0 version, currently in pre-release. Release of a stable, 
+	full featured Samba PDC is currently slated for version 3.0. </para>
+
+  <para>The following is a list of included  features currently in Samba 2.2:</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+     <listitem><para>The ability to act as a limited PDC for Windows NT and W2000 clients.  
+	This includes adding NT and W2K machines to the domain and authenticating users logging 
+	into the domain.</para></listitem> 
+     <listitem><para>Domain account can be viewed using the User Manager for 
+	Domains  ????</para></listitem>  
+     <listitem><para>Viewing resources on the Samba PDC via the Server Manager for Domains 
+	from the NT client. ??</para></listitem> 
+     <listitem><para>Windows 95 clients will allow user level security to be set 
+	but will not currently allow browsing of accounts.</para></listitem>  
+     <listitem><para>Machine account password updates.</para></listitem>  
+     <listitem><para>Changing of user passwords from an NT client.</para></listitem>  
+     <listitem><para>Partial support for Windows NT group and username mapping.</para></listitem>  
+     <listitem><para>Support for a LDAP password database backend.</para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para>Printing.</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+	  
+<itemizedlist><title>These things are note expected to work in the forseeable future</title>
+     <listitem><para>Trust relationships</para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para>PDC and BDC integration</para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para>Windows NT ACLs (on the Samba shares)</para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para>Offer a list of domain users to User Manager for Domains 
+	(or the Security Tab etc).</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>Can I have a Windows 2000 client logon to a Samba controlled domain?</>
+
+	<para>The 2.2 release branch of Samba  supports Windows 2000 domain 
+		clients in legacy mode, ie as if the PDC is a NTServer, not a
+        W2K server.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>What's the status of print spool (spoolss) support in the NTDOM code? </>
+
+	<para>The implementation of support for SPOOLSS pipe is complete and it will be available
+	in the 2.2.0 release. This means that Samba will support the automatic downloading of printer
+	drivers for Windows NT clients just as it currently does for Windows 9x clients.</para> 
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1><title>CVS</title>
+    <para>CVS is a programme (publically available) that the Samba developers use to
+    maintain the central source code. Non developers can get access to the source in
+    a read only capacity. Many flavours of unix now arrive with cvs installed.</>
+
+<sect2><title>What are the different Samba branches available in CVS ?</>
+
+	<para>You can find out more about obtaining Samba's  via 
+	anonymous CVS from 
+	<ulink url="http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html">
+	http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html"</>. </para>
+
+<variablelist><title>There are basically four branches to watch at the moment :</>
+    <varlistentry>
+         <term>HEAD</> 
+	<listitem><para>Samba 3.0 ? This code boasts all the main development 
+		work in Samba. Two things that most people are not aware of 
+		which live in the HEAD branch code are winbind NSS module and
+		Tim Potter's VFS implementation. Due to its developmental
+		nature, its not really suitable for production work.
+	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+    <varlistentry>
+	<term>SAMBA_2_0</term> 
+	<listitem><para>This branch contains the current stable release release. 
+		At the moment it contains 2.0.7, a version that will do some 
+		limited PDC stuff. If you are really going to do PDC things then 
+		I (drb) suggest that you consider 2.2 instead.
+	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+    <varlistentry>
+	<term>SAMBA_2_2</>
+	<listitem><para>The next stable release, currently in a 'alpha' form.
+		It provides the Samba developers, testers and interested 
+		people with an approximation of what is to come. This document 
+		addresses only SAMBA_2_2.
+	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+    <varlistentry>
+	<term>SAMBA_TNG</> 
+	<listitem><para>This branch is no longer maintained from the Samba sites. 
+		Please see <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org/">
+		http://www.samba-tng.org/</ulink>.  It has been requested 
+		that questions about TNG are not posted to the regular Samba mailing 
+		lists including samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
+	</para></listitem></varlistentry>
+</variablelist>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>What are the CVS commands ?</>
+
+	<para>See <ulink url="http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html">
+	http://pserver.samba.org/samba/cvs.html</></para>
+
+	
+	<itemizedlist><title>To get the Samba 2.2 version, tag SAMBA_2_2 you would do :</>
+		<listitem><para> For example : <command>cd /usr/local/src/</></></>
+		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot 
+			login</></></>
+		<listitem><para> When prompted enter a password of <command>cvs</></></>
+		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot 
+			co -r SAMBA_2_2 samba</></></>
+	</itemizedlist>
+	 
+	<itemizedlist><title>Then to update that directory at some later time,</>
+		<listitem><para> <command>cd /usr/local/src/samba</></></>
+		<listitem><para> <command>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@pserver.samba.org:/cvsroot login</></></>
+		<listitem><para> When prompted enter a password of 'cvs'.</></>
+		<listitem><para> <command>cvs update -d -P</></></>
+	</itemizedlist>
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+</chapter>
+
+<chapter><title>Establishing Connections</>
+<sect1><title></title>
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get my NT4 or W2000 Workstation to login to the Samba controlled Domain?</> 
+
+	<para>There is a comprehensive Samba PDC <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>
+     accessable from the samba web site 
+	under 'Documentation'. Its currently located at <ulink url="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba">
+	http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</>. Read it.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>What is a 'machine account' ?</title>
+    <para>Every NT, W2K or Samba machine that joins a Samba controlled domain must be known to
+    the Samba PDC. There are two entries required, one in (typically) <filename>/etc/passwd</>
+    and the other in (typically) <filename>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</>. Under 
+    some circumstances these entries are made <link linkend=machineaccounts>manually</>, the 
+    <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</> discusses ways of creating them automatically.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title>"The machine account for this computer either does not exist or is not accessable."</>
+
+	<para>When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account for this computer
+	either does not exist or is not accessable". Whats wrong ?</para>
+
+	<para>This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine account. 
+	If you are using the <command>add user script =</> method to create accounts 
+	then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain admin user 
+	system is working.</para>
+
+	<para>Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they have not been created
+	correctly. Make sure that you have the entry correct for the machine account in smbpasswd 
+	file on the Samba PDC. If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd utility, 
+	make sure that the account name is the machine netbios name with a '$' appended to it 
+	( ie. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry in both /etc/passwd and 
+	the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported that 
+	inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT client have caused this problem.  
+	Make sure that these are consistent for both client and server.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title id=machineaccounts>How do I create machine accounts manually ?</title>
+
+	<para>This was the only option until recently, now in version 2.2 better means are available.
+	You might still need to do it manually for a couple of reasons. A machine account 
+	consists of two entries (assuming a standard install and /etc/passwd use), 
+	one in /etc/passwd and the other in /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd. The /etc/passwd
+	entry will list the machine name with a $ appended, won't have a passwd, will have a null
+	shell and no home directory. For example a machine called 'doppy' would have an /etc/passwd 
+	entry like this :</para>
+
+	<para><command>doppy$:x:505:501:NTMachine:/dev/null:/bin/false</></para>
+
+	<para>On a linux system for example, you would typically add it like this :</para>
+
+	<para><command>adduser -g machines -c NTMachine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false -n 
+		doppy$</command></para>
+
+	<para>Then you need to add that entry to smbpasswd, assuming you have a suitable
+	path to the <command>smbpasswd</> programme, do this :</para>
+
+	<para><command>smbpasswd -a -m doppy$</command></para>
+
+	<para>The entry will be created with a well known password, so any machine that 
+	says its doppy could join the domain as long as it gets in first. So don't create
+	the accounts any earlier than you need them.</para>
+</sect2> 
+
+<sect2><title>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.</title>
+
+    <para>A 'machine name' in (typically) <filename>/etc/passwd</> consists 
+    of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD systems ?) 
+    won't create a user with a '$' in their name.</para>
+
+    <para>The problem is only in the program used to make the entry, once made, it works
+    perfectly. So create a user without the '$' and use <command>vipw</> to edit
+    the entry, adding the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if you like,
+    make sure you use a unique uid !</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title id=alreadyhaveconnection>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." when creating a
+	 machine account.</>
+	
+	<para>This happens if you try to create a machine account from the machine itself 
+	and use a user	name that does not work (for whatever reason) and then try 
+	another (possibly valid) user name.
+	Exit out of the network applet to close the initial connection and try again.</para>
+
+    <para>Further, if the machine is a already a 'member of a workgroup' that is the 
+        same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will get this message.
+        Change the workgroup name to something else, it does not matter what, reboot,
+        and try again.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>I get told "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict
+                with an existing set.."</>
+    <para>This is the same basic problem as mentioned above, <link linkend=alreadyhaveconnection>
+        "You already have a connection..."</link></para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>"The system can not log you on (C000019B)...."</>
+	<para>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading to a newer version of the 
+	Samba code I get the message, "The system can not log you on (C000019B), Please try a
+	gain or consult your system administrator" when attempting to logon.</para>
+
+	<para>This occurs when the domain SID stored in private/WORKGROUP.SID is changed.  
+	For example, you remove the file and smbd automatically creates a new one.   
+	Or you are swapping back and forth between versions 2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch
+	code (not recommended).  The only way to correct the problem is to restore the 
+	original domain SID or 	remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin.</para> 
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+
+</chapter>
+
+
+<!-- ============ U S E R   A C C O U N T   M A N A G M E N T   ============= -->
+
+<chapter><title>User Account Management</title>
+<sect1><title>Domain Admins</title>
+<sect2><title>How do I configure an account as a domain administrator?</title>
+
+	<para>See the NTDom <ulink url="samba-pdc-howto.html">HowTo</>.</para>
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1><title>Profiles</title>
+<sect2><Title>Why is it bad to set "logon path = \\%N\%U\profile" in smb.conf? ?</>
+
+	<para>Sometimes Windows clients will maintain a connection to the \\homes\ ( or [%U] ) share 
+	even after the user has logged out. Consider the following scenario.</para> 
+<itemizedlist>
+     <listitem><para> user1 logs into the Windows NT machine.  Therefore the 
+		[homes] share is set to \\server\user1.</para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para> user1 works for a while and then logs out. </para></listitem>
+     <listitem><para> user2 logs into the same Windows NT  machine.</para></listitem> 
+</itemizedlist>
+
+	<para>However, since the NT box has maintained a connection to [homes] which was 
+	previously set to \\server\user1, when the operating system attempts to 
+	get the profile and if it can read users1's profile, will get it otherwise it 
+	will return an error. You get the picture.</para>
+
+	<para>A better solution is to use a separate [profiles] share and set the 
+	"logon path = \\%N\profiles\%U" </para>
+
+
+	<note><para>Is this still a problem ????</para></note> 
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title>Why are all the users listed in the "domain admin users" using the same profile?</>
+
+	<para>You are using a very very old development version of Samba. Upgrade.</para>
+</sect2>
+    
+
+
+
+
+<sect2><title>The roaming profiles do not seem to be updating on the server.</title>
+
+    <para>There can be several reasons for this.</para> 
+
+    <para>Make sure that the time on the client and the PDC are synchronized.  You can accomplish 
+	this by executing a <command>net time  \\server /set /yes</> replacing server with the 
+	name of your PDC (or another synchronized SMB server). See <link linkend="SettingTime">
+    about Setting Time</link></para>
+
+	<para>Make sure that the 
+	logon path is writeable by the user and make sure that the connection to the logon 
+	path location is by the current user.   Sometimes Windows client do not drop the 
+	connection immediately upon logoff.</para> 
+
+    <para>Some people have reported that the logon path location should also be browseable.   
+	I (GC) have yet to emperically verify this, but you can try.</para> 
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1><title>Policies</title>
+
+<sect2><title>What are 'Policies' ?.</title>
+    <para>When a user logs onto the domain via a client machine, the PDC sends  
+    the client machine a list of things contained in the 'policy' (if it exists).
+    This list may do things like suppress a splach screen, format the dates the way you 
+    like them or perhaps remove locally stored profiles.</para>
+
+    <para>On a samba PDC this list is obtained from a file called <command>ntconfig.pol</>
+    and located in the <command>[netlogon]</>share. The file is created with a policy editor
+    and must be readable by anyone and writeable by only root. See <link linkend=policyeditor>
+    below</> for how  to get a suitable editor.</para>  
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>I can't get system policies to work.</title>
+
+    <para>There are two possible reasons for system policies not functioning correctly. 
+     Make sure that you have the following parameters set in smb.conf </para>
+
+    <programlisting>
+	[netlogon]
+	....
+	locking = no
+	public = no
+	browseable = yes
+	....   
+    </programlisting>
+
+    <para>A policy file must be in the <command>[netlogon]</> share and must be 
+    readable by everyone and writeable by only root. The file must be created
+    by an NTServer <link linkend=policyeditor>Policy Editor</>.</para>
+
+    <para>Last time I (drb) looked in the source, it was
+	looking for <filename>ntconfig.pol</> first then several other combinations of upper
+	and lower case. People have reported success using <filename>NTconfig.pol</>, 
+	<filename>NTconfig.POL</> and <filename>ntconfig.pol</>.   These are the case 
+    settings that I (GC) use with the
+	filename <filename>ntconfig.pol</></para>
+
+    <programlisting>
+        case sensitive = no
+        case preserve = yes
+        default case = yes
+    </programlisting>
+ 
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title id=policyeditor>What about Windows NT Policy Editor ?</title>
+
+	<para>To create or edit <command>ntconfig.pol</> you must use the NT Server 
+    Policy Editor, <command>poledit.exe</>	which is included with NT Server 
+    but <emphasis>not NT Workstation</>. There is a Policy Editor on a NTws 
+    but it is not suitable for creating <emphasis>Domain Policies</emphasis>. 
+    Further, although the Windows 95 
+	Policy Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not
+	work with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy templates. 
+	However, the files from the NT Server will run happily enough on an NTws. 
+	You need <filename>poledit.exe, common.adm</> and <filename>winnt.adm</>. It is convenient
+    to put the two *.adm files in <filename>c:\winnt\inf</> which is where
+    the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that 
+    directory is 'hidden'.</para>
+
+	<para>The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the 
+	Service Pack 3 (and later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using 
+    <command>servicepackname /x</>, ie thats <command>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</>
+    for service pack 6a.  
+	The policy editor, <command>poledt.exe</> and the associated template files (*.adm) should
+	be extracted as well.  It is also possible to downloaded the policy template 
+	files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor.  Another possible 
+	location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft.
+    </para>
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title>Can Win95 do Policies ?</title>
+
+	<para>Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies. 
+    Look on the Win98 CD in <filename>
+	\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</>. Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking 
+	<filename>grouppol.inf</>. Log off and on again a couple of times and see if 
+    Win98 picks up group policies. 
+	Unfortunately this needs to be done on every Win9x machine that uses group policies....</para> 
+
+	<para>If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated (read: working) 
+	grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed from /etc/group.</para>
+
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1><title>Passwords</title>
+
+<sect2><title>What is password sync and should I use it ?</title>
+
+    <para>NTws users can change their domain password by pressing Ctrl-Alt-Del and
+    choosing 'Change Password'. By default however, this does not change the unix password 
+    (typically in <filename>/etc/passwd or /etc/shadow</>). In lots of situations
+    thats OK, for example :</para>
+    <itemizedlist>
+    <listitem><para>The server is only accessible to the user via samba.</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>Pam_smb or similar is installed so other applications 
+        still refer to the samba password.</></>
+    </itemizedlist>
+    <para>But sometimes you really do need to maintain two seperate password databases and
+    there are good reasons to keep then in sync.  Trying to explain to users
+	that they need to change their passwords in two seperate places or use 
+    two seperate passwords is not fun.</para>
+
+    <para>However do understand that setting up password sync is not without problems either. 
+    The chief difficulty is the interface between Samba and the <command>passwd</> command, 
+	it can be a fiddle to set up and if the password the user has entered fails, 
+	the resulting errors are ambiguously reported
+	and the user is confused. Further, you need to take steps to ensure that users
+    only ever change their passwords via samba (or use <command>smbpasswd</>),
+    otherwise they will only be changing the unix password.</para>
+    
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get remote password (unix and SMB) changing working ?</>
+
+	<para>Have a practice changing a user's password (as root) to see what 
+	discussion takes place and change the text in the 'passwd chat' line below  as necessary. The
+    line as shown works for recent RH Linux but most other systems seem to like to do something
+    different. The '*' is a wild card and will match anything (or nothing).
+	</para>
+
+	<para>Add these lines to smb.conf under [Global]</para>
+
+	<programlisting> 
+
+		unix password sync = true
+   		passwd program = /usr/bin/passwd %u
+   		passwd chat = *password* %n\n *password* %n\n *successful*
+	</programlisting>
+
+	<para>As mentioned above, the change to the unix password 
+	happens as root, not as the user, as is indicated in ~/smbd/chgpasswd.c  If
+	you are using NIS, the Samba server must be running on the NIS master machine.</para>
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>
+
+</chapter>
+
+<!-- ===================  M I S C E L L A N E O U S  ================= -->
+
+<chapter><title>Miscellaneous</title>
+<sect1><title></title>
+<sect2><title>What editor can I use in DOS/Windows that won't mess with my unix EOF</title>
+    <para>There are a number of Windows or DOS based editors that will understand, and
+    leave intact, the unix eof (as opposed to a DOS CL/LF). List members suggested :</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist>
+    <listitem><para>UltraEdit at <ulink url="http://www.ultraedit.com">www.ultraedit.com</></></>
+    <listitem><para>VI for windows at <ulink url="http://home.snafu.de/ramo/WinViEn.htm">
+        home.snafu.de/ramo/WinViEn.htm</></></>
+    <listitem><para>The author prefers PFE at <ulink url="http://www.lancs.ac.uk/people/cpaap/pfe/">
+            www.lancs.ac.uk/people/cpaap/pfe/</> but its no longer being developed...</></>
+    </itemizedlist>
+</sect2>
+
+
+
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'</title>
+
+	<para>Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get the 'User Manager for
+	Domains', the 'Server Manager' ?</para>
+
+<itemizedlist><title>Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus 
+    for installation on Windows 95 systems.  The tools set includes</title>
+     <listitem><para>Server Manager</para></listitem> 
+     <listitem><para>User Manager for Domains</para></listitem> 
+     <listitem><para>Event Viewer</para></listitem> 
+</itemizedlist>
+
+	<para>Click here to download the archived file 
+        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE">
+        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</ulink></para>
+
+	<para>The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for Domains' 
+        and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp from 
+        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE">
+        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</ulink></para>
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title id="SettingTime">The time setting from a Samba server does not work.</title>
+	<para>If it works OK when you log on as Domain Admin then the problem is that ordinary users
+	don't have permission to change the time. (The system is running with their permission
+	at logon time.) This is not a Samba problem, you will have the same problem where ever
+	you connect. You can give 'everyone' permission to change the time from the User Manager.
+	</para>
+
+	<para>Anyone know what the registry settings are so this could be done with a Policy ?</para>
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>"trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS"</>
+	<para>I keep getting the message "trust account xxx should be in DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS." 
+	in the logs. What do I need to do?</para>
+
+	<para>You are using one of the old development versions. Upgrade. 
+	(The message is unimportant, was a reminder to a developer)</para>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get my samba server to become a member ( not PDC ) of an NT domain?</title>
+
+
+	<para>In a domain that has a number of servers you only need one password database. 
+	The machines that don't have their own ask the PDC  to check for them.
+    This will work fine for a domain controlled by either a Samba or NT machine.
+	The following lines in smb.conf are typical, 'password server' points to the 
+	samba machine (or an NT) that has the password list : </para>
+
+	<programlisting> 
+
+		[global]
+		...
+		security = domain
+		workgroup = { Put your domain name here }
+		password server = { Put the ip of the PDC here }
+		encrypt passwords = yes
+		...	
+	</programlisting>
+
+	<para>The samba server in question will have to 'join the domain', that requires 
+	the domain controller to have a machine	account for it. This is no different 
+	to the machine account requirements to allow a NTws to join the domain. For
+	example, if we want a unix box called <emphasis>sleepy</> to ask the PDC called <emphasis>grumpy</> 
+	to do its authentication then <emphasis>grumpy</> will need an entry in its smbpasswd 
+	(assuming it's also samba) that starts with <emphasis>sleepy$</>. It would have to be
+    created <link linkend=machineaccounts>manually</>. </para>
+
+    <para>If the domain is controlled by an NTServer then the "Server Manager for Domains"
+    tool must be used to add 'sleepy' to the domain list.</para>
+
+    <para>In either case we then join the domain. If the domain is called <emphasis>forest</>
+	then on sleepy we would join the domain by typing :</para>
+
+	<para><command>smbpasswd -j forest</command></para>
+
+    <para>Note that the directory where the smbpasswd file would be 
+	located should exist as this is where smbd will generate the MACHINE.SID file. This
+    might be <filename>/usr/local/samba/private/FOREST.SLEEPY.SID</> and
+    it contains the trust account password for the domain member. The permissions are
+    (and should remain) "rw-------</para> 
+
+
+	<para>Note the Samba Servers without the password list will most likely still need an account 
+	for each user, this means a line in its <filename>/etc/passwd</filename>. Because authentication
+    is being handled at the domain level the 
+	<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> line does not need a password.
+	If the shares being offered are not user specific, ie a common (read only ?) 
+	area or perhaps just printing then the user's
+	<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> does not need a home directory. A typical 
+	line in <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> for a server that allows domain users to
+	connect to the samba shares but does not offer a home share ('cos that's on the PDC) 
+	and does not allow logon to the unix prompt would be like this :</para>
+
+    <programlisting>jblow:x:542:100:Joe Blow:/dev/null:/bin/false</programlisting>
+
+    <note><title>Notes :</>
+    <itemizedlist>
+    <listitem><para>When removing those 'dummy' users, watch the 'remove user' scripts, 
+	some OS think they should remove a users directory even when its not owned by the user !
+	</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>The <filename>username map = </> parameter might help you to avoid having 
+    all those accounts created.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem>
+        <para>You should investigate the smb.conf parameter 
+	    <filename>'add user script'</filename>, it will be used to create accounts on 
+	    secondary servers when that account already exists on the PDC. Very nice.
+        Something like :</para>
+
+        <programlisting>
+    [Global]
+    ....
+    add user script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g users -c User -d /dev/null -s /bin/false %U	
+    ....
+        </programlisting>
+    </listitem>
+    </itemizedlist>
+    </note>
+
+</sect2>
+</sect1>
+</chapter>
+
+
+<!-- ======== T R O U B L E   S H O O T I N G   and  B U G    R E P O R T I N G ======== -->
+
+
+
+<chapter><title>Troubleshooting and Bug Reporting</title>
+
+<sect1><title>Diagnostic tools</title>
+
+<sect2><title>What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the domain logon process and where can I
+	find them? </title>
+
+    <para>One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself.  You can use the -d 
+	option for both smbd and nmbd to specifiy what 'debug level' at which to run.  See the man 
+	pages on smbd, nmbd  and smb.conf for more information on debugging options.  The debug 
+	level can range from 1 (the default) to around 100 but a debug level of about 20 will 
+	normally help you find any errors that samba is encountering. Another helpful method 
+	of debugging is to compile samba using the gcc -g flag.   This will include debug 
+	information in the binaries and allow you to attch gdb to the running smbd / nmbd 
+	process.  In order to attach gdb to an smbd process for an NT workstation, first 
+	get the workstation to make the connection. Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down 
+	to the domain box is sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to 
+	generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation maintains an open 
+	connection, and therefore there will be an smbd process running (assuming that you 
+	haven't set a really short smbd idle timeout)  So, in between pressing ctrl alt 
+	delete, and actually typing in your password, you can gdb attach and continue.</para>
+
+    <itemizedlist><title>Some usefull samba commands worth investigating:</>
+    <listitem><para>testparam | more</></>
+    <listitem><para>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</></>
+    </itemizedlist>
+    
+    <para>An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from 
+    <ulink url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/tcpdump-smb/">ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/tcpdump-smb/
+    </ulink></para>
+
+    <para>Capconvert is a small C program for translating output from tcpdump-smb to CAP format 
+	that can be read by netmon. You will need to use the raw output from tcp dump 
+	( ie. <command>tcpdump -w output.dump</> ).  Good news!  Now you can convert
+     Solaris' snoop output as well.   The C source code for snoop2cap is available for download.
+    </para> 
+
+    <para>For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor (aka. netmon) is available 
+	on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's, the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's.  
+	The version of netmon that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two 
+	computers (ie. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode).  The version 
+	on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring of network traffic directed to the 
+	local NT box and broadcasts on the local subnet.</para>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2><title>How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box?</title>
+
+	<para>Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple of steps.  The following 
+	are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes with Microsoft Windows NT Server 
+	4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT Workstation 4.0.  The process should be similar
+	for other version of Windows NT / Netmon.  You will need both the Microsoft Windows 
+	NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD.</para> 
+
+
+	<para>Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' on the 
+    NT Server.  To do this </para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+   <listitem><para>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add </para></listitem>
+   <listitem><para>Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and click on 'OK'.</para></listitem> 
+   <listitem><para>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.</para></listitem> 
+   <listitem><para>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD when prompted.</para></listitem> 
+</itemizedlist>
+
+	<para>At this point the Netmon files should exist in <filename>%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</>.    
+	Two subdirectories exist as well, <filename>parsers\</> which contains the necessary DLL's 
+	for parsing the netmon packet dump, and <filename>captures\</>.</para>
+
+	<para>In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will first need to 
+	install the 'Network  Monitor Agent' from the Workstation install CD.</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+   <listitem><para>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - Network - Services - Add</para></listitem> 
+   <listitem><para>Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click on 'OK'.</para></listitem> 
+   <listitem><para>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.</para></listitem> 
+   <listitem><para>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install CD when prompted.</para></listitem> 
+</itemizedlist>
+
+
+	<para>Now copy the files from the NT Server in %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* to
+	%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* on the Workstation and set permissions as 
+	you deem appropriate for your site. You will need administrative rights on the 
+	NT box to run netmon.</para>
+
+	<para>To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent from 
+	the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon).   
+	There is a readme file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need 
+	information on how to do this.  Copy the files from a working Netmon installation.</para> 
+
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1><title>What other help can I get ? </title>
+
+	<para>There are many sources of information available in the form of mailing lists, RFC's 
+	and documentation.  The docs that come with the samba distribution contain very 
+	good explanations of general SMB topics such as browsing.</para> 
+
+<sect2><title id=urls>URLs and similar</title>
+
+
+<itemizedlist>
+
+    <listitem><para>Home of Samba site <ulink url="http://samba.org">
+        http://samba.org</ulink>. We have a mirror near you !</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para> The <emphasis role=strong>Development</emphasis> document 
+		on the Samba mirrors might mention your problem. If so,
+		it might mean that the developers are working on it.</para></listitem>
+ 
+	<listitem><para> Ignacio Coupeau has a very comprehesive look at LDAP with Samba at 
+		<ulink url="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb-howto.html">
+		http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb-howto.html</ulink> 
+		Be a little carefull however, I suspect that it does not specificly 
+		address samba 2.2.x. The HEAD pre-2.1 may possibly be the best
+		stream to look at.</para></listitem>
+
+	<listitem><para>  Lars Kneschke's site covers <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org">
+        Samba-TNG</ulink> at 
+		<ulink url="http://www.kneschke.de/projekte/samba_tng">
+		http://www.kneschke.de/projekte/samba_tng</ulink>, but again, a 
+		lot of it does not apply to the main stream Samba.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behaviour at 
+        <ulink url="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html">
+        http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</>. </para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, I (drb) will
+        keep the 2.0.7 PDC pages at <ulink url="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba">
+        http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</ulink> going for a while yet.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>Misc links to CIFS information 
+        <ulink url="http://samba.org/cifs/">http://samba.org/cifs/</ulink></para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>NT Domains for Unix <ulink url="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/">
+        http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/</ulink></para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>FTP site for older SMB specs: 
+        <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/">
+        ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</ulink></para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+
+
+<itemizedlist><title>There are a number of documents that no longer appear to live at their
+    origional home. Any one know where the following may be found ?</title>
+
+    <listitem><para>CIFS/E Browser Protocol draft-leach-cifs-browser-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>CIFS Remote Administration Protocol draft-leach-cifs-rap-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>CIFS Logon and Pass Through Authentication draft-leach-cifs-logon-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>A Common Internet File System (CIFS/1.0) Protocol draft-leach-cifs-v1-spec-01.txt</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>CIFS Printing Specification draft-leach-cifs-print-spec-00.txt</para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>RFC1001 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Concepts and methods.
+     http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1001.txt </para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>RFC1002 (March '87) Protocol standard for a NetBIOS service on a TCP/UDP transport: Detailed specifications.
+     http://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1002.txt </para></listitem>
+    <listitem><para>Microsoft's main CIFS page: http://www.microsoft.com/workshop/networking/cifs/</para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>    
+
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get help from the mailing lists ?</title>
+
+    <para> There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <ulink url=
+        "http://samba.org">http://samba.org</ulink>, click on your nearest mirror
+        and then click on <command>Support</> and then click on <command>
+        Samba related mailing lists</>.</para>
+
+    <para>For questions relating to Samba TNG go to
+        <ulink url="http://www.samba-tng.org/">http://www.samba-tng.org/</ulink> 
+	    It has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to the
+        main stream Samba lists.</para>
+	 
+<itemizedlist><title>If you post a message to one of the lists please
+	 observe the following guide lines :</title>
+
+	<listitem><para> Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are 
+		not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at 
+		a particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more.
+		</para></listitem>
+
+	<listitem><para> Always mention what version of samba you are using and what 
+		operating system its running under. You should probably list the
+        relevant sections of your smb.conf file, at least the options 
+        in [global] that affect PDC support.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via
+        CVS mention the date when you last checked it out.</para></listitem>
+
+	<listitem><para> Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long, 
+		convoluted questions get deleted before	they are completely read ! 
+		Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font 
+		size its html).</para></listitem>
+
+	<listitem><para> If you run one of those niffy 'I'm on holidays' things when 
+		you are away, make sure its configured	to not answer mailing lists.
+		</para></listitem> 
+
+	<listitem><para> Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to 
+		and see what happens, ie don't post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
+        Many people active on the lists subscribe to more 
+		than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times. 
+		Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be better dealt 
+		with on another, will forward it on for you.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>You might include <emphasis>partial</emphasis>
+        log files written at a debug level set to as much as 20.  
+        Please don't send the entire log but enough to give the context of the 
+        error messages.</para></listitem>
+
+    <listitem><para>(Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening of 
+        the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</para></listitem> 
+
+    <listitem><para>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
+        Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba
+        mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your 
+        smb.conf in their attach directory ?</para></listitem>
+
+</itemizedlist>
+</sect2>
+
+
+<sect2><title>How do I get off the mailing lists ?</title>
+    <para>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the
+        same place you went to to get on it. Go to <ulink url=
+        "http://samba.org">http://samba.org</ulink>, click on your nearest mirror
+        and then click on <command>Support</> and then click on <command>
+        Samba related mailing lists</>. Or perhaps see 
+        <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/mailman/roster/samba-ntdom">here</></para>
+
+    <para>Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just
+        be refered to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...)
+    </para>
+</sect2>
+      
+</sect1>
+
+</chapter>
+
+
+
+
+</book>