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-<!doctype linuxdoc system> <!-- -*- SGML -*- -->
-<!--
- v 0.1 23 Aug 1997 	Dan Shearer 
-			Original Samba-Client-FAQ.sgml from Paul's sambafaq.sgml
- v 0.2 25 Aug 1997	Dan
- v 0.3 7  Oct 1997	Paul, changed email address from ictinus@lake... to ictinus@samba.anu
--->
-
-
-<article>
-
-<title> Samba Server FAQ
-
-<author>Dan Shearer & Paul Blackman, <tt>ictinus@samba.org</tt>
-
-<date>v 0.3, 7 Oct '97
-
-<abstract> This is the <em>Server</em> Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
-document for Samba, the free and very popular SMB and CIFS server
-product. A general <url url="Samba-meta-FAQ.html" name="meta FAQ">
-exists and also a companion <url url="Samba-Client-FAQ.html"
-name="Client FAQ">, together with more detailed HOWTO documents on
-topics to do with Samba software. This is current to Samba version
-1.9.17. Please send any corrections to the author. 
-
-</abstract>
-
-<toc>
-
-<sect>What is Samba?<p><label id="WhatIsSamba">
-
-See the <url url="Samba-meta-FAQ.html#introduction" name="meta FAQ
-introduction"> if you don't have any idea what Samba does.
-
-Samba has many features that are not supported in other CIFS and SMB
-implementations, all of which are commercial. It approaches some
-problems from a different angle.
-
-Some of its features include:
-<itemize>
-<item>extremely dynamic runtime configuration
-<item>host as well as username/password security
-<item>scriptable SMB client
-<item>automatic home directory exporting
-<item>automatic printer exporting
-<item>intelligent dead connection timeouts
-<item>guest connections
-</itemize>
-
-Look at the <url url="samba-man-index.html" name="manual pages"> included with the package for a full list of
-features. The components of the suite are (in summary):
-
-<descrip>
-
-<tag/smbd/ the SMB server. This handles actual connections from clients,
-doing all the interfacing with the <url
-url="Samba-meta-FAQ.html#DomainModeSecurity" name="authentication
-database"> for file, permission and username work.
-
-<tag/nmbd/ the NetBIOS name server, which helps clients locate servers,
-maintaining the <url url="Samba-meta-FAQ.html#BrowseAndDomainDefs"
-name="authentication database"> doing the browsing work and managing
-domains as this capability is being built into Samba.
-
-<tag/smbclient/ the scriptable commandline SMB client program.
-Useful for automated work, printer filters and testing purposes. It is
-more CIFS-compliant than most commercial implementations. Note that this
-is not a filesystem. The Samba team does not supply a network filesystem
-driver, although the smbfs filesystem for Linux is derived from
-smbclient code.
-
-<tag/smbrun/ a little 'glue' program to help the server run
-external programs.
-
-<tag/testprns/ a program to test server access to printers
-
-<tag/testparms/ a program to test the Samba configuration file
-for correctness
-
-<tag/smb.conf/ the Samba configuration file
-
-<tag/examples/ many examples have been put together for the different
-operating systems that Samba supports.
-
-<tag/Documentation!/ DON'T neglect to read it - you will save a great
-deal of time!
-
-</descrip>
-
-<sect>How do I get the CIFS, SMB and NetBIOS protocols?<p><label id="ServerProtocols">
-
-See the <url url="Samba-meta-FAQ.html#CifsSmb" name="meta FAQ
-on CIFS and SMB"> if you don't have any idea what these protocols are.
-
-CIFS and SMB are implemented by the main Samba fileserving daemon, smbd.
-[.....]
-
-nmbd speaks a limited amount of CIFS (...) but is mostly concerned with
-NetBIOS. NetBIOS is [....]
-
-RFC1001, RFC1002 [...]
-
-So, provided you have got Samba correctly installed and running you have
-all three of these protocols. Some operating systems already come with
-stacks for all or some of these, such as SCO Unix, OS/2 and [...] In this
-case you must [...]
-
-<sect1>What server operating systems are supported?<p><label id="PortInfo">
-
-At the last count, Samba runs on about 40 operating systems! This
-section looks at general questions about running Samba on the different
-platforms. Issues specific to particular operating systems are dealt
-with in elsewhere in this document.
-
-Many of the ports have been done by people outside the Samba team keen
-to get the advantages of Samba. The Samba team is currently trying to
-bring as many of these ports as possible into the main source tree and
-integrate the documentation. Samba is an integration tool, and so it has
-been made as easy as possible to port. The platforms most widely used
-and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.
-
-This migration has not been completed yet. This means that some
-documentation is on web sites [...]
-
-There are two main families of Samba ports, Unix and other. The Unix
-ports cover anything that remotely resembles Unix and includes some
-extremely old products as well as best-sellers, tiny PCs to massive
-multiprocessor machines supporting hundreds of thousands of users. Samba
-has been run on more than 30 Unix and Unix-like operating systems.
-
-<sect2>Running Samba on a Unix or Unix-like system<p><label id="OnUnix">
-
-<url url="../UNIX-SMB.txt"> describes some of the issues that confront a
-SMB implementation on unix, and how Samba copes with them. They may help
-people who are looking at unix<->PC interoperability.
-
-There is great variation between Unix implementations, especially those
-not adhering to the Common Unix Specification agreed to in 1996. Things
-that can be quite tricky are [.....]
-
-There are also some considerable advantages conferred on Samba running
-under Unix compared to, say, Windows NT or LAN Server. Unix has [...]
-
-At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for:
-<itemize>
-<item> A/UX 3.0
-<item> AIX
-<item> Altos Series 386/1000
-<item> Amiga
-<item> Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3
-<item> BSDI 
-<item> B.O.S. (Bull Operating System)
-<item> Cray, Unicos 8.0
-<item> Convex
-<item> DGUX. 
-<item> DNIX.
-<item> FreeBSD
-<item> HP-UX
-<item> Intergraph. 
-<item> Linux with/without shadow passwords and quota
-<item> LYNX 2.3.0
-<item> MachTen (a unix like system for Macintoshes)
-<item> Motorola 88xxx/9xx range of machines
-<item> NetBSD
-<item> NEXTSTEP Release 2.X, 3.0 and greater (including OPENSTEP for Mach).
-<item> OS/2 using EMX 0.9b
-<item> OSF1
-<item> QNX 4.22
-<item> RiscIX. 
-<item> RISCOs 5.0B
-<item> SEQUENT. 
-<item> SCO (including: 3.2v2, European dist., OpenServer 5)
-<item> SGI.
-<item> SMP_DC.OSx v1.1-94c079 on Pyramid S series
-<item> SONY NEWS, NEWS-OS (4.2.x and 6.1.x)
-<item> SUNOS 4
-<item> SUNOS 5.2, 5.3, and 5.4 (Solaris 2.2, 2.3, and '2.4 and later')
-<item> Sunsoft ISC SVR3V4
-<item> SVR4
-<item> System V with some berkely extensions (Motorola 88k R32V3.2).
-<item> ULTRIX.
-<item> UNIXWARE
-<item> UXP/DS
-</itemize>
-
-
-<sect2>Running Samba on systems unlike Unix<p><label id="OnUnlikeUnix">
-
-More recently Samba has been ported to a number of operating systems
-which can provide a BSD Unix-like implementation of TCP/IP sockets.
-These include OS/2, Netware, VMS, StratOS, Amiga and MVS. BeOS,
-Windows NT and several others are being worked on but not yet available
-for use.
-
-Home pages for these ports are:
-
-[...  ]
-
-<sect1>Exporting server resources with Samba<p><label id="Exporting">
-
-Files, printers, CD ROMs and other local devices. Network devices,
-including networked filesystems and remote printer queues. Other devices
-such as [....]
-
-        1.4) Configuring SHARES
-                1.4.1) Homes service
-                1.4.2) Public services
-                1.4.3) Application serving
-                1.4.4) Team sharing a Samba resource
-
-        1.5) Printer configuration
-                1.5.1) Berkeley LPR/LPD systems
-                1.5.2) ATT SysV lp systems
-                1.5.3) Using a private printcap file
-                1.5.4) Use of the smbprint utility
-                1.5.5) Printing from Windows to Unix
-                1.5.6) Printing from Unix to Windows
-
-<sect1>Name Resolution and Browsing<p><label id="NameBrowsing">
-
-See also <url url="../BROWSING.txt">
-
-        1.6) Name resolution issues
-                1.6.1) LMHOSTS file and when to use it
-                1.6.2) configuring WINS (support, server, proxy)
-                1.6.3) configuring DNS proxy
-
-        1.7) Problem Diagnosis
-        1.8) What NOT to do!!!!
-
-	3.2) Browse list managment
-        3.3) Name resolution mangement
-
-
-<sect1>Handling SMB Encryption<p><label id="SMBEncryptionSteps">
-
-SMB encryption is ...
-
-...in <url url="../ENCRYPTION.txt"> there is...
-
-Samba compiled with libdes - enabling encrypted passwords
-
-
-<sect2>Laws in different countries affecting Samba<p><label id="CryptoLaws">
-
-<sect2>Relationship between encryption and Domain Authentication<p>
-
-<sect1> Files and record locking
-
-                3.1.1) Old DOS clients
-                3.1.2) Opportunistic locking and the consequences
-                3.1.3) Files caching under Windows for Workgroups, Win95 and NT
-    
-    Some of the foregoing links into Client-FAQ
-
-<sect1>Managing Samba Log files<p><label id="LogFiles">
-
-<sect1>I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!<p><label id="no_browse">
- See <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt" name="BROWSING.txt">
- for more information on browsing.  Browsing.txt can also be found
- in the docs directory of the Samba source.
-
-If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable
-servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under
-Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M:
-thusly:
-<tscreen><verb>
-   net use M: \\mary\fred
-</verb></tscreen>
-The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from
-client to client - check your client's documentation.
-
-<sect1>Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I view the files from my client! <p> <label id="missing_files">
-See the next question.
-
-<sect1>Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when I view the files from my client! <p> <label id="strange_filenames">
-If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they
-are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not
-DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).
-
-The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files
-completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you
-are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been
-configured to ignore them.  Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for
-details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is
-"mangled names = yes".
-
-<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar<p><label id="cant_see_server">
-This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server
-name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the
-name you specified cannot be resolved.
-
-After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you
-should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting
-to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it
-is, the problem is most likely name resolution.
-
-If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the
-hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Lan Manager
-or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file
-LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between
-your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then
-there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution
-is beyond the scope of this document.
-
-If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name
-resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a
-netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program),
-the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section
-Two of this FAQ for more ideas.
-
-By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further
-tests :-)     
-
-<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or similar<p> <label id="cant_see_share">
-This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified
-server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of
-the name you gave.
-
-The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are
-trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it
-exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's docs on how
-to specify a service name correctly), read on:
-
-<itemize>
-<item> Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than eight characters.
-<item> Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing spaces.
-<item> Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service names.
-<item> Some clients force service names into upper case.
-</itemize>
-
-<sect1>Printing doesn't work :-(<p> <label id="no_printing"> 
-
-Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are
-connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg.,
-use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr", if you happen to be using
-Unix).
-
-Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is
-writable by the user connected to the service. 
-
-Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use
-the printer.
-
-Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and
-see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with
-a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client
-attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1
-protocol.
-
-If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not
-Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug.
-
-If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to
-coreplus.  Also not that print status error messages don't mean
-printing won't work. The print status is received by a different
-mechanism.
-
-<sect1>My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources" <p> <label id="cant_list_shares">
-Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the
-guest account for browsing in smbd.  Check that your guest account is
-valid.
-
-See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page.
-
-<sect1>Issues specific to Unix and Unix-like systems<p><label id="UnixIssues">
-
-<sect2>Printing doesn't work with my Unix Samba server<p> <label id="no_printing"> 
-
-The user "nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked
-with an earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other
-than "nobody".
-
-<sect2>Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" <p><label id="trapdoor_uid">
-This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid
-or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security
-hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no
-user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many
-broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535.
-
-It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-)
-
-This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to
-another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on
-being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back
-again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid
-system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less
-things will break if you use user or server level security instead of
-the default share level security, but you may still strike
-problems.
-
-The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic,
-but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable.
-In particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as
-two different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a
-"guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect
-your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as
-the guest user.
-
-Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system.
-
-Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that
-it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with
-no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run
-as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good!
-
-</article>