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| author | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-24 15:05:22 +0000 |
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| committer | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-24 15:05:22 +0000 |
| commit | 293421f3c64a2adff7dc15f7ad3adb6120c9fd16 (patch) | |
| tree | b18b6e0cda6e04dac9f47ab9fdb661f1dfa65b7b /docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html | |
| parent | 43004ba8830874a8ab02bc755b1e99160af982b5 (diff) | |
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syncing up docs, examples, & packaging from 3.0
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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html b/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html index ea84661d30..3b76bc41c0 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html @@ -1,287 +1,311 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 33. The Samba checklist</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="samba-doc.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part V. Troubleshooting"><link rel="previous" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part V. Troubleshooting"><link rel="next" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 33. The Samba checklist</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part V. Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 33. The Samba checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2957982">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2958022">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2958249">The tests</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2957982"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 33. The Samba Checklist</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part V. Troubleshooting"><link rel="previous" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part V. Troubleshooting"><link rel="next" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 34. Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 33. The Samba Checklist</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part V. Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 33. The Samba Checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2969273">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2969311">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2969546">The Tests</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2969273"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your Samba server. It also tells you what the likely cause of the problem -is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests +is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests, then it is probably working fine. </p><p> -You should do ALL the tests, in the order shown. We have tried to +You should do all the tests, in the order shown. We have tried to carefully choose them so later tests only use capabilities verified in -the earlier tests. However, do not stop at the first error as there +the earlier tests. However, do not stop at the first error as there have been some instances when continuing with the tests has helped to solve a problem. </p><p> -If you send one of the samba mailing lists an email saying "it doesn't work" -and you have not followed this test procedure then you should not be surprised +If you send one of the Samba mailing lists an email saying, “<span class="quote">it does not work</span>” +and you have not followed this test procedure, you should not be surprised if your email is ignored. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2958022"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> -In all of the tests it is assumed you have a Samba server called +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2969311"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +In all of the tests, it is assumed you have a Samba server called BIGSERVER and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP. </p><p> The procedure is similar for other types of clients. </p><p> It is also assumed you know the name of an available share in your -<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. I will assume this share is called <i class="replaceable"><tt>tmp</tt></i>. -You can add a <i class="replaceable"><tt>tmp</tt></i> share like this by adding the -following to <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>: -</p><div class="example"><a name="id2958071"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.1. smb.conf with [tmp] share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = temporary files </tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /tmp</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p> +<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. I will assume this share is called <i class="parameter"><tt>tmp</tt></i>. +You can add a <i class="parameter"><tt>tmp</tt></i> share like this by adding the +lines shown in <link linkend="tmpshare">. +</p><div class="example"><a name="tmpshare"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.1. smb.conf with [tmp] share</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = temporary files </tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /tmp</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = yes</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p> </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -These tests assume version 3.0 or later of the samba suite. +These tests assume version 3.0.0 or later of the Samba suite. Some commands shown did not exist in earlier versions. </p></div><p> Please pay attention to the error messages you receive. If any error message -reports that your server is being unfriendly you should first check that your -IP name resolution is correctly set up. eg: Make sure your <tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt> +reports that your server is being unfriendly, you should first check that your +IP name resolution is correctly set up. Make sure your <tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt> file points to name servers that really do exist. </p><p> -Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check +Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution, please check that the settings for your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file results in <b class="command">dns proxy = no</b>. The -best way to check this is with <b class="userinput"><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. -</p><a class="indexterm" name="id2958171"></a><p> +best way to check this is with <b class="command">testparm smb.conf</b>. +</p><p> +<a class="indexterm" name="id2969474"></a> It is helpful to monitor the log files during testing by using the -<b class="command">tail -F <i class="replaceable"><tt>log_file_name</tt></i></b> in a separate +<b class="command">tail -F log_file_name</b> in a separate terminal console (use ctrl-alt-F1 through F6 or multiple terminals in X). Relevant log files can be found (for default installations) in -<tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. Also, connection logs from -machines can be found here or possibly in <tt class="filename">/var/log/samba</tt> +<tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. Also, connection logs from +machines can be found here or possibly in <tt class="filename">/var/log/samba</tt>, depending on how or if you specified logging in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file. </p><p> If you make changes to your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file while going through these test, -don't forget to restart <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span>. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2958249"></a>The tests</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 33.1. Diagnosing your samba server</b></p><a class="indexterm" name="id2958265"></a><ol type="1"><li><p> +remember to restart <span class="application">smbd</span> and <span class="application">nmbd</span>. +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2969546"></a>The Tests</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 33.1. Diagnosing your Samba server</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> +<a class="indexterm" name="id2969570"></a> In the directory in which you store your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, run the command -<b class="userinput"><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. If it reports any errors then your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> +<b class="command">testparm smb.conf</b>. If it reports any errors, then your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> configuration file is faulty. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> Your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file may be located in: <tt class="filename">/etc/samba</tt> -Or in: <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib</tt> +or in <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib</tt>. </p></div></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>ping BIGSERVER</tt></b> from the PC and -<b class="userinput"><tt>ping ACLIENT</tt></b> from -the unix box. If you don't get a valid response then your TCP/IP -software is not correctly installed. +Run the command <b class="command">ping BIGSERVER</b> from the PC and +<b class="command">ping ACLIENT</b> from the UNIX box. If you do not get a valid response, +then your TCP/IP software is not correctly installed. </p><p> -Note that you will need to start a "dos prompt" window on the PC to -run ping. +You will need to start a “<span class="quote">dos prompt</span>” window on the PC to run ping. </p><p> -If you get a message saying <span class="errorname">host not found</span> or similar then your DNS +If you get a message saying “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">host not found</span></span>” or similar, then your DNS software or <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file is not correctly setup. -It is possible to -run samba without DNS entries for the server and client, but I assume +It is possible to run Samba without DNS entries for the server and client, but it is assumed you do have correct entries for the remainder of these tests. </p><p> Another reason why ping might fail is if your host is running firewall software. You will need to relax the rules to let in the workstation in question, perhaps by allowing access from another subnet (on Linux -this is done via the <span class="application">ipfwadm</span> program.) +this is done via the appropriate firewall maintenance commands <b class="command">ipchains</b> +or <b class="command">iptables</b>). </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> Modern Linux distributions install ipchains/iptables by default. This is a common problem that is often overlooked. -</p></div></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient -L BIGSERVER</tt></b> on the unix box. You -should get a list of available shares back. -</p><p> -If you get a error message containing the string "Bad password" then -you probably have either an incorrect <b class="command">hosts allow</b>, -<b class="command">hosts deny</b> or <b class="command">valid users</b> line in your -<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>, or your guest account is not -valid. Check what your guest account is using <span class="application">testparm</span> and -temporarily remove any <b class="command">hosts allow</b>, <b class="command">hosts deny</b>, <b class="command">valid users</b> or <b class="command">invalid users</b> lines. -</p><p> -If you get a <span class="errorname">connection refused</span> response then the smbd server may -not be running. If you installed it in inetd.conf then you probably edited -that file incorrectly. If you installed it as a daemon then check that +</p></div><p> +If you wish to check what firewall rules may be present in a system under test, simply run +<b class="command">iptables -L -v</b> or if <i class="parameter"><tt>ipchains</tt></i>-based firewall rules are in use, +<b class="command">ipchains -L -v</b>. +</p><p> +Here is a sample listing from a system that has an external ethernet interface (eth1) on which Samba +is not active, and an internal (private network) interface (eth0) on which Samba is active: +</p><pre class="screen"> +frodo:~ # iptables -L -v +Chain INPUT (policy DROP 98496 packets, 12M bytes) + pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination + 187K 109M ACCEPT all -- lo any anywhere anywhere + 892K 125M ACCEPT all -- eth0 any anywhere anywhere +1399K 1380M ACCEPT all -- eth1 any anywhere anywhere \ + state RELATED,ESTABLISHED + +Chain FORWARD (policy DROP 0 packets, 0 bytes) + pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination + 978K 1177M ACCEPT all -- eth1 eth0 anywhere anywhere \ + state RELATED,ESTABLISHED + 658K 40M ACCEPT all -- eth0 eth1 anywhere anywhere + 0 0 LOG all -- any any anywhere anywhere \ + LOG level warning + +Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 2875K packets, 1508M bytes) + pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination + +Chain reject_func (0 references) + pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destinat +</pre><p> +</p></li><li><p> +Run the command: <b class="command">smbclient -L BIGSERVER</b> +on the UNIX box. You should get back a list of available shares. +</p><p> +If you get an error message containing the string “<span class="quote">Bad password</span>”, then +you probably have either an incorrect <i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i>, +<i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> or <i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> line in your +<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>, or your guest account is not valid. Check what your guest account is using <span class="application">testparm</span> and +temporarily remove any <i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i>, <i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny</tt></i>, +<i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> or <i class="parameter"><tt>invalid users</tt></i> lines. +</p><p> +If you get a message “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">connection refused</span></span>” response, then the <b class="command">smbd</b> server may +not be running. If you installed it in <tt class="filename">inetd.conf</tt>, then you probably edited +that file incorrectly. If you installed it as a daemon, then check that it is running, and check that the netbios-ssn port is in a LISTEN -state using <b class="userinput"><tt>netstat -a</tt></b>. +state using <b class="command">netstat -a</b>. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -<a class="indexterm" name="id2958530"></a> -<a class="indexterm" name="id2958538"></a> -Some Unix / Linux systems use <b class="command">xinetd</b> in place of +<a class="indexterm" name="id2969931"></a> +<a class="indexterm" name="id2969939"></a> +Some UNIX/Linux systems use <b class="command">xinetd</b> in place of <b class="command">inetd</b>. Check your system documentation for the location -of the control file/s for your particular system implementation of -this network super daemon. +of the control files for your particular system implementation of +the network super daemon. </p></div><p> -If you get a <span class="errorname">session request failed</span> then the server refused the -connection. If it says "Your server software is being unfriendly" then -its probably because you have invalid command line parameters to <span class="application">smbd</span>, +If you get a message saying “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">session request failed</span></span>”, the server refused the +connection. If it says “<span class="quote">Your server software is being unfriendly</span>”, then +it's probably because you have invalid command line parameters to <span class="application">smbd</span>, or a similar fatal problem with the initial startup of <span class="application">smbd</span>. Also check your config file (<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>) for syntax errors with <span class="application">testparm</span> -and that the various directories where samba keeps its log and lock +and that the various directories where Samba keeps its log and lock files exist. </p><p> There are a number of reasons for which smbd may refuse or decline a session request. The most common of these involve one or more of -the following <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file entries: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = ALL</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only = Yes</tt></i></td></tr></table><p> +the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file entries as shown in <link linkend="modif1">. +</p><p> +</p><div class="example"><a name="modif1"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.2. Configuration for only allowing connections from a certain subnet</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[globals]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = ALL</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces = eth0</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only = Yes</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr></table></div><p> +</p><p> In the above, no allowance has been made for any session requests that will automatically translate to the loopback adapter address 127.0.0.1. -To solve this problem change these lines to: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = ALL</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127.</tt></i></td></tr></table><p> -Do <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> use the <a class="indexterm" name="id2958698"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter where you -may wish to -use the samba password change facility, or where <span class="application">smbclient</span> may need to -access a local service for name resolution or for local resource -connections. (Note: the <a class="indexterm" name="id2958724"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> parameter deficiency -where it will not allow connections to the loopback address will be -fixed soon). -</p><p> -<a class="indexterm" name="id2958744"></a> +To solve this problem, change these lines as shown in <link linkend="modif2">. +</p><p> +</p><div class="example"><a name="modif2"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 33.3. Configuration for allowing connections from a certain subnet and localhost</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[globals]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts deny = ALL</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127.</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces = eth0 lo</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td>...</td></tr></table></div><p> +</p><p> +<a class="indexterm" name="id2970193"></a> Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running -on port <tt class="constant">139</tt>, such as Samba -(ie: <span class="application">smbd</span> is running from <span class="application">inetd</span> already) or +<a class="indexterm" name="id2970203"></a> +on port <tt class="constant">139</tt>, such as Samba (<span class="application">smbd</span> is running from <span class="application">inetd</span> already) or something like Digital's Pathworks. Check your <tt class="filename">inetd.conf</tt> file before trying -to start <span class="application">smbd</span> as a daemon, it can avoid a lot of frustration! +to start <span class="application">smbd</span> as a daemon it can avoid a lot of frustration! </p><p> And yet another possible cause for failure of this test is when the subnet mask -and / or broadcast address settings are incorrect. Please check that the -network interface IP Address / Broadcast Address / Subnet Mask settings are +and/or broadcast address settings are incorrect. Please check that the +network interface IP Address/Broadcast Address/Subnet Mask settings are correct and that Samba has correctly noted these in the <tt class="filename">log.nmbd</tt> file. </p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__</tt></b>. You should get the -IP address of your Samba server back. +Run the command: <b class="command">nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__</b>. +You should get back the IP address of your Samba server. </p><p> -If you don't then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your <tt class="filename">inetd.conf</tt> -if you run it from there, or that the daemon is running and listening -to udp port 137. +If you do not, then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your <tt class="filename">inetd.conf</tt> +if you run it from there, or that the daemon is running and listening to udp port 137. </p><p> One common problem is that many inetd implementations can't take many -parameters on the command line. If this is the case then create a +parameters on the command line. If this is the case, then create a one-line script that contains the right parameters and run that from inetd. -</p></li><li><p>run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>nmblookup -B ACLIENT '*'</tt></b></p><p> -You should get the PCs IP address back. If you don't then the client +</p></li><li><p> +Run the command: <b class="command">nmblookup -B ACLIENT `*'</b> +</p><p> +You should get the PC's IP address back. If you do not then the client software on the PC isn't installed correctly, or isn't started, or you got the name of the PC wrong. </p><p> -If ACLIENT doesn't resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the +If ACLIENT does not resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the client in the above test. </p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>nmblookup -d 2 '*'</tt></b> +Run the command: <b class="command">nmblookup -d 2 '*'</b> </p><p> This time we are trying the same as the previous test but are trying it via a broadcast to the default broadcast address. A number of -NetBIOS / TCP/IP hosts on the network should respond, although Samba may +NetBIOS/TCP/IP hosts on the network should respond, although Samba may not catch all of the responses in the short time it listens. You -should see <span class="errorname">got a positive name query response</span> +should see the “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">got a positive name query response</span></span>” messages from several hosts. </p><p> -If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then +If this does not give a similar result to the previous test, then nmblookup isn't correctly getting your broadcast address through its automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment with the -<a class="indexterm" name="id2958915"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP +<a class="indexterm" name="id2970377"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>interfaces</tt></i> option in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP address, broadcast and netmask. </p><p> -If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to -use the <tt class="option">-B</tt> option to set the broadcast address to that of the PCs -subnet. +If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet, then you will need to use the +<tt class="option">-B</tt> option to set the broadcast address to that of the PCs subnet. </p><p> This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above). -</p></li><li><a class="indexterm" name="id2958962"></a><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</tt></b>. You should +</p></li><li><p> +<a class="indexterm" name="id2970428"></a> +Run the command: <b class="command">smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</b>. You should then be prompted for a password. You should use the password of the account -you are logged into the unix box with. If you want to test with -another account then add the <tt class="option">-U <i class="replaceable"><tt>accountname</tt></i></tt> option to the end of -the command line. eg: -<b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe</tt></b> +with which you are logged into the UNIX box. If you want to test with +another account, then add the <tt class="option">-U accountname</tt> option to the end of +the command line. For example, <b class="command">smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe</b>. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -It is possible to specify the password along with the username -as follows: -<b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret</tt></b> +It is possible to specify the password along with the username as follows: +<b class="command">smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret</b>. </p></div><p> -Once you enter the password you should get the <tt class="prompt">smb></tt> prompt. If you -don't then look at the error message. If it says <span class="errorname">invalid network -name</span> then the service <span class="emphasis"><em>"tmp"</em></span> is not correctly setup in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. +Once you enter the password, you should get the <tt class="prompt">smb></tt> prompt. If you +do not, then look at the error message. If it says “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">invalid network +name</span></span>”, then the service <i class="parameter"><tt>tmp</tt></i> is not correctly setup in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. </p><p> -If it says <span class="errorname">bad password</span> then the likely causes are: +If it says “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">bad password</span></span>”, then the likely causes are: </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - you have shadow passwords (or some other password system) but didn't - compile in support for them in <span class="application">smbd</span> + You have shadow passwords (or some other password system) but didn't + compile in support for them in <span class="application">smbd</span>. </p></li><li><p> - your <a class="indexterm" name="id2959084"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> configuration is incorrect + Your <a class="indexterm" name="id2970549"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>valid users</tt></i> configuration is incorrect. </p></li><li><p> - you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <a class="indexterm" name="id2959107"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> option at a high enough level + You have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <a class="indexterm" name="id2970572"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password level</tt></i> option at a high enough level. </p></li><li><p> - the <a class="indexterm" name="id2959129"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> line in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with <span class="application">testparm</span> + The <a class="indexterm" name="id2970595"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>path</tt></i> line in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with <span class="application">testparm</span>. </p></li><li><p> - you enabled password encryption but didn't map unix to samba users. Run </p><pre class="screen"><b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -a <i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i></tt></b></pre><p>. + You enabled password encryption but didn't map UNIX to Samba users. Run: + <b class="command">smbpasswd -a username</b> </p></li></ol></div><p> -Once connected you should be able to use the commands -<b class="command">dir</b> <b class="command">get</b> <b class="command">put</b> etc. -Type <b class="command">help <i class="replaceable"><tt>command</tt></i></b> for instructions. You should -especially check that the amount of free disk space shown is correct -when you type <b class="command">dir</b>. +Once connected, you should be able to use the commands <b class="command">dir</b>, <b class="command">get</b>, +<b class="command">put</b> and so on. Type <b class="command">help command</b> for instructions. You should +especially check that the amount of free disk space shown is correct when you type <b class="command">dir</b>. </p></li><li><p> -On the PC, type the command <b class="userinput"><tt>net view \\BIGSERVER</tt></b>. You will -need to do this from within a "dos prompt" window. You should get back a -list of available shares on the server. -</p><p> -If you get a <span class="errorname">network name not found</span> or similar error then netbios -name resolution is not working. This is usually caused by a problem in -nmbd. To overcome it you could do one of the following (you only need -to choose one of them): +On the PC, type the command <b class="command">net view \\BIGSERVER</b>. You will +need to do this from within a dos prompt window. You should get back a +list of shares available on the server. +</p><p> +If you get a message “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">network name not found</span></span>” or similar error, then netbios +name resolution is not working. This is usually caused by a problem in <b class="command">nmbd</b>. +To overcome it, you could do one of the following (you only need to choose one of them): </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - fixup the <span class="application">nmbd</span> installation + Fixup the <span class="application">nmbd</span> installation. </p></li><li><p> - add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the <b class="command">wins server</b> box in the + Add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the <b class="command">wins server</b> box in the advanced TCP/IP setup on the PC. </p></li><li><p> - enable windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of - the TCP/IP setup + Enable Windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of the TCP/IP setup. </p></li><li><p> - add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC. + Add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC. </p></li></ol></div><p> -If you get a <span class="errorname">invalid network name</span> or <span class="errorname">bad password error</span> then the -same fixes apply as they did for the <b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient -L</tt></b> test above. In -particular, make sure your <b class="command">hosts allow</b> line is correct (see the man -pages) +If you get a message “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">invalid network name</span></span>” or +“<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">bad password error</span></span>”, then apply the +same fixes as for the <b class="command">smbclient -L</b> test above. In +particular, make sure your <b class="command">hosts allow</b> line is correct (see the man pages). </p><p> Also, do not overlook that fact that when the workstation requests the -connection to the samba server it will attempt to connect using the +connection to the Samba server, it will attempt to connect using the name with which you logged onto your Windows machine. You need to make sure that an account exists on your Samba server with that exact same name and password. </p><p> -If you get <span class="errorname">specified computer is not receiving requests</span> or similar -it probably means that the host is not contactable via tcp services. -Check to see if the host is running tcp wrappers, and if so add an entry in -the <tt class="filename">hosts.allow</tt> file for your client (or subnet, etc.) +If you get a message “<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">specified computer is not receiving requests</span></span>” or similar, +it probably means that the host is not contactable via TCP services. +Check to see if the host is running TCP wrappers, and if so add an entry in +the <tt class="filename">hosts.allow</tt> file for your client (or subnet, and so on.) </p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP</tt></b>. You should -be prompted for a password then you should get a <tt class="computeroutput">command completed -successfully</tt> message. If not then your PC software is incorrectly -installed or your smb.conf is incorrect. make sure your <b class="command">hosts allow</b> +Run the command <b class="command">net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP</b>. You should +be prompted for a password, then you should get a <tt class="computeroutput">command completed +successfully</tt> message. If not, then your PC software is incorrectly +installed or your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Make sure your <i class="parameter"><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> and other config lines in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> are correct. </p><p> -It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to -connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line <a class="indexterm" name="id2959420"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> = username to the <i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i> section of -<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> where <i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i> is the +It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to connect you as. +To see if this is the problem, add the line +<a class="indexterm" name="id2970891"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>user</tt></i> = username to the +<i class="parameter"><tt>[tmp]</tt></i> section of +<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> where <i class="parameter"><tt>username</tt></i> is the username corresponding to the password you typed. If you find this -fixes things you may need the username mapping option. +fixes things, you may need the username mapping option. </p><p> It might also be the case that your client only sends encrypted passwords -and you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2959460"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = no in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> -Turn it back on to fix. +and you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2970934"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> = no in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. +Change this to "yes" to fix this. </p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b class="userinput"><tt>nmblookup -M <i class="replaceable"><tt>testgroup</tt></i></tt></b> where -<i class="replaceable"><tt>testgroup</tt></i> is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and +Run the command <b class="command">nmblookup -M <i class="parameter"><tt>testgroup</tt></i></b> where +<i class="parameter"><tt>testgroup</tt></i> is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and Windows PCs belong to. You should get back the IP address of the master browser for that workgroup. </p><p> -If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to -see if it is just being slow then try again. If it still fails after -that then look at the browsing options you have set in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Make -sure you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2959524"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> = yes to ensure that +If you do not, then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to +see if it is just being slow, then try again. If it still fails after +that, then look at the browsing options you have set in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Make +sure you have <a class="indexterm" name="id2971004"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>preferred master</tt></i> = yes to ensure that an election is held at startup. </p></li><li><p> -From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should +>From file manager, try to browse the server. Your Samba server should appear in the browse list of your local workgroup (or the one you specified in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>). You should be able to double click on the name -of the server and get a list of shares. If you get a "invalid -password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it +of the server and get a list of shares. If you get the error message “<span class="quote">invalid password</span>”, + you are probably running Windows NT and it is refusing to browse a server that has no encrypted password -capability and is in user level security mode. In this case either set -<a class="indexterm" name="id2959575"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server AND -<a class="indexterm" name="id2959589"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> = Windows_NT_Machine in your -<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <a class="indexterm" name="id2959610"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> is -set to "yes". -</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="troubleshooting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part V. Troubleshooting </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="samba-doc.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 34. Analysing and solving samba problems</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +capability and is in User Level Security mode. In this case, either set +<a class="indexterm" name="id2971052"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>security</tt></i> = server and +<a class="indexterm" name="id2971066"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>password server</tt></i> = Windows_NT_Machine in your +<tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <a class="indexterm" name="id2971087"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i> is +set to “<span class="quote">yes</span>”. +</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="troubleshooting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part V. Troubleshooting </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 34. Analyzing and Solving Samba Problems</td></tr></table></div></body></html> |