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+<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="introduction.html" title="Part I. General Installation"><link rel="previous" href="IntroSMB.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba"><link rel="next" href="FastStart.html" title="Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="IntroSMB.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part I. General Installation</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="FastStart.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Andrew</span> <span class="surname">Tridgell</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Karl</span> <span class="surname">Auer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:kauer@biplane.com.au">kauer@biplane.com.au</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Shearer</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:dan@samba.org">dan@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2876533">Obtaining and Installing Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876568">Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2876606">Configuration file syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876766">Example Configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885184">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="install.html#id2885250">List Shares Available on the Server</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885315">Connect with a UNIX Client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885433">Connect from a Remote SMB Client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885526">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885557">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2885570">Large Number of smbd Processes</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885679">Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2885717">The network name cannot be found</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2876533"></a>Obtaining and Installing Samba</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ Binary packages of Samba are included in almost any Linux or
+ UNIX distribution. There are also some packages available at
+ <ulink url="http://samba.org/">the Samba homepage</ulink>. Refer to
+ the manual of your operating system for details on installing packages
+ for your specific operating system.
+ </p><p>If you need to compile Samba from source, check
+ <link linkend="compiling">.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2876568"></a>Configuring Samba (smb.conf)</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ Samba's configuration is stored in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, which
+ usually resides in <tt class="filename">/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt>
+ or <tt class="filename">/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt>. You can either
+ edit this file yourself or do it using one of the many graphical
+ tools that are available, such as the Web-based interface SWAT, that
+ is included with Samba.
+ </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2876606"></a>Configuration file syntax</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>The <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file uses the same syntax as the various old
+ .ini files in Windows 3.1: Each file consists of various sections,
+ which are started by putting the section name between brackets ([])
+ on a new line. Each contains zero or more key/value-pairs seperated by an
+ equality sign (=). The file is just a plain-text file, so you can
+ open and edit it with your favorite editing tool.</p><p>Each section in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file represents a share
+ on the Samba server. The section &#8220;<span class="quote">global</span>&#8221; is special, since it
+ contains settings that apply to the whole Samba server and not
+ to one share in particular.</p><p><link linkend="smbconfminimal"> contains a very minimal <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876667"></a>
+</p><div class="example"><a name="smbconfminimal"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.1. A minimal smb.conf</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = WKG</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>netbios name = MYNAME</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share1]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /tmp</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[share2]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>path = /my_shared_folder</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>comment = Some random files</tt></i></td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2876766"></a>Example Configuration</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ There are sample configuration files in the examples subdirectory in the
+ distribution. It is suggested you read them carefully so you can see how the options
+ go together in practice. See the man page for all the options.
+ It might be worthwhile to start out with the smb.conf.default
+ configuration file and adapt it to your needs. It contains plenty of
+ comments.
+ </p><p>
+ The simplest useful configuration file would contain something like shown in
+ <link linkend="simple-example">.
+ </p><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2876804"></a>
+ </p><div class="example"><a name="simple-example"></a><p class="title"><b>Example 2.2. Another simple smb.conf File</b></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>workgroup = MIDEARTH</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td> </td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>guest ok = no</tt></i></td></tr><tr><td><i class="parameter"><tt>read only = no</tt></i></td></tr></table></div><p>
+ </p><p>
+ This will allow connections by anyone with an account on the server, using either
+ their login name or <i class="parameter"><tt>homes</tt></i> as the service name.
+ (Note: The workgroup that Samba should appear in must also be set. The default
+ workgroup name is WORKGROUP.)
+ </p><p>
+ Make sure you put the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file in the correct place.
+ </p><p>
+ For more information about security settings for the
+ <i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i> share please refer to
+ <link linkend="securing-samba">.
+ </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876922"></a>Test Your Config File with <b class="command">testparm</b></h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ It's important to validate the contents of the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file using the <span class="application">testparm</span> program.
+ If testparm runs correctly, it will list the loaded services. If not, it will give an error message.
+ Make sure it runs correctly and that the services look reasonable before proceeding. Enter the command:
+ </p><pre class="screen">
+ <tt class="prompt">root# </tt> testparm /etc/samba/smb.conf
+ </pre><p>Testparm will parse your configuration file and report
+ any unknown parameters or incorrect syntax. </p><p>
+ Always run testparm again whenever the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file is changed!
+ </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885184"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ <a class="indexterm" name="id2885194"></a>
+ SWAT is a Web-based interface that can be used to facilitate the configuration of Samba.
+ SWAT might not be available in the Samba package that shipped with your platform,
+ but in a separate package. Please read the SWAT manpage
+ on compiling, installing and configuring SWAT from source.
+ </p><p>
+ To launch SWAT, just run your favorite Web browser and point it to
+ <ulink url="http://localhost:901/">http://localhost:901/</ulink>.
+ Replace <i class="replaceable"><tt>localhost</tt></i> with the name of the computer on which
+ Samba is running if that is a different computer than your browser.
+ </p><p>
+ SWAT can be used from a browser on any IP-connected machine, but be aware that connecting from a remote
+ machine leaves your connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent over the wire in the clear.
+ </p><p>More information about SWAT can be found in <link linkend="SWAT">.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885250"></a>List Shares Available on the Server</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ To list shares that are available from the configured Samba server execute the
+ following command:
+ </p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient -L <i class="replaceable"><tt>yourhostname</tt></i></tt></b>
+</pre><p>You should see a list of shares available on your server. If you do not, then
+ something is incorrectly configured. This method can also be used to see what shares
+ are available on other SMB servers, such as Windows 2000.</p><p>If you choose user-level security you may find that Samba requests a password
+ before it will list the shares. See the <b class="command">smbclient</b> man page for details.
+ You can force it to list the shares without a password by adding the option
+ <tt class="option">-N</tt> to the command line. </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885315"></a>Connect with a UNIX Client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ Enter the following command:
+</p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient <i class="replaceable"><tt> //yourhostname/aservice</tt></i></tt></b>
+</pre><p>Typically <i class="replaceable"><tt>yourhostname</tt></i> is the name of the host on which <span class="application">smbd</span>
+ has been installed. The <i class="replaceable"><tt>aservice</tt></i> is any service that has been defined in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>
+ file. Try your user name if you just have a <i class="parameter"><tt>[homes]</tt></i> section in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file.</p><p>Example: If the UNIX host is called <i class="replaceable"><tt>bambi</tt></i> and a valid login name
+ is <i class="replaceable"><tt>fred</tt></i>, you would type:</p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbclient //<i class="replaceable"><tt>bambi</tt></i>/<i class="replaceable"><tt>fred</tt></i></tt></b>
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885433"></a>Connect from a Remote SMB Client</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>Now that Samba is working correctly locally, you can try to
+ access it from other clients. Within a few minutes, the Samba host
+ should be listed in the Network Neighborhood on all Windows
+ clients of its subnet. Try browsing the server from another client
+ or 'mounting' it.</p><p>Mounting disks from a DOS, Windows or OS/2 client can be done by running a command such as:</p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">C:\&gt; </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net use d: \\servername\service</tt></b>
+</pre><p>Try printing, e.g.</p><p>
+</p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">C:\&gt; </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net use lpt1: \\servername\spoolservice</tt></b>
+</pre><p>
+</p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">C:\&gt; </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>print filename</tt></b>
+</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885526"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>You might want to read <link linkend="diagnosis">.
+ If you are still stuck, refer to <link linkend="problems">.
+ Samba has been successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide.
+ It is unlikely that your particular problem is unique, so it might be
+ productive to perform an Internet search to see if someone else has encountered
+ your problem and has found a way to overcome it.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885557"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+The following questions and issues are raised repeatedly on the Samba mailing list.
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885570"></a>Large Number of smbd Processes</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Samba consists of three core programs: <span class="application">nmbd</span>, <span class="application">smbd</span>, and <span class="application">winbindd</span>. <span class="application">nmbd</span> is the name server message daemon,
+<span class="application">smbd</span> is the server message daemon, and <span class="application">winbindd</span> is the daemon that handles communication with Domain Controllers.
+</p><p>
+If Samba is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> running as a WINS server, then there will be one single instance of
+ <span class="application">nmbd</span> running on your system. If it is running as a WINS server then there will be
+two instances one to handle the WINS requests.
+</p><p>
+<span class="application">smbd</span> handles all connection requests. It spawns a new process for each client
+connection made. That is why you may see so many of them, one per client connection.
+</p><p>
+<span class="application">winbindd</span> will run as one or two daemons, depending on whether or not it is being
+run in <span class="emphasis"><em>split mode</em></span> (in which case there will be two instances).
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885679"></a>Error Message: open_oplock_ipc</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>An error message is observed in the log files when <span class="application">smbd</span> is started: &#8220;<span class="quote">open_oplock_ipc: Failed to get local UDP socket
+ for address 100007f. Error was Cannot assign requested.</span>&#8221;</p><p>Your loopback device isn't working correctly. Make sure it is configured correctly. The loopback
+ device is an internal (virtual) network device with the IP address <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span>.
+ Read your OS documentation for details on how to configure the loopback on your system.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885717"></a>&#8220;<span class="quote"><span class="errorname">The network name cannot be found</span></span>&#8221;</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+ This error can be caused by one of these misconfigurations:
+ </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You specified an nonexisting path
+ for the share in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>.</p></li><li><p>The user you are trying to access the share with does not
+ have sufficient permissions to access the path for
+ the share. Both read (r) and access (x) should be possible.</p></li><li><p>The share you are trying to access does not exist.</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="IntroSMB.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="introduction.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="FastStart.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 3. Fast Start for the Impatient</td></tr></table></div></body></html>