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| author | Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org> | 2003-07-01 22:58:52 +0000 |
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| committer | Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org> | 2003-07-01 22:58:52 +0000 |
| commit | 3878085eca35d5c3b08761f61281de0b1b49ce2d (patch) | |
| tree | aa9e3aa50d1fc99ce341ee2eff24352266c2063b /docs/htmldocs/passdb.html | |
| parent | b32d48533f3ad9e8a510c83c8acf4d543556549d (diff) | |
| download | samba-3878085eca35d5c3b08761f61281de0b1b49ce2d.tar.gz samba-3878085eca35d5c3b08761f61281de0b1b49ce2d.tar.bz2 samba-3878085eca35d5c3b08761f61281de0b1b49ce2d.zip | |
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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/passdb.html b/docs/htmldocs/passdb.html index 95fd101608..2c68f50c87 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/passdb.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/passdb.html @@ -1,23 +1,22 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="NetworkBrowsing.html" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide"><link rel="next" href="groupmapping.html" title="Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and Unix Groups"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="NetworkBrowsing.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="groupmapping.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="passdb"></a>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Olivier (lem)</span> <span class="surname">Lemaire</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IDEALX<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 24, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908055">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908379">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908443">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908686">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and Unix</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908741">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2908773">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2909038">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2909172">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913386">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913426">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913533">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913560">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2915051">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2915854">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2915861">Users can not logon - Users not in Samba SAM</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2915876">Users are being added to the wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2915936">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -Samba-3 implements a new capability to work concurrently with mulitple account backends. +<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="NetworkBrowsing.html" title="Chapter 10. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide"><link rel="next" href="groupmapping.html" title="Chapter 12. Mapping MS Windows and Unix Groups"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="NetworkBrowsing.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="groupmapping.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="passdb"></a>Chapter 11. Account Information Databases</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Gerald</span> <span class="othername">(Jerry)</span> <span class="surname">Carter</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jeremy</span> <span class="surname">Allison</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Olivier (lem)</span> <span class="surname">Lemaire</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IDEALX<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">May 24, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2910308">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2910636">Technical Information</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2910700">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2910954">Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and Unix</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911009">Account Management Tools</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911041">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911306">The pdbedit Command</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911458">Password Backends</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911494">Plain Text</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911534">smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911641">tdbsam</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2911668">ldapsam</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913185">MySQL</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#XMLpassdb">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913989">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2913997">Users can not logon - Users not in Samba SAM</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2914012">Users are being added to the wrong backend database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2914072">auth methods does not work</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> +Samba-3 implements a new capability to work concurrently with multiple account backends. The possible new combinations of password backends allows Samba-3 a degree of flexibility and scalability that previously could be achieved only with MS Windows Active Directory. This chapter describes the new functionality and how to get the most out of it. </p><p> -In the course of development of Samba-3 a number of requests were received to provide the +In the course of development of Samba-3, a number of requests were received to provide the ability to migrate MS Windows NT4 SAM accounts to Samba-3 without the need to provide matching Unix/Linux accounts. We called this the <span class="emphasis"><em>Non Unix Accounts (NUA)</em></span> capability. The intent was that an administrator could decide to use the <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam</em></span> backend and by simply specifying <span class="emphasis"><em>"passdb backend = tdbsam_nua, guest"</em></span> this would allow Samba-3 to implement a solution that did not use Unix accounts per se. Late -in the development cycle the team doing this work hit upon some obstacles that prevents this +in the development cycle, the team doing this work hit upon some obstacles that prevents this solution from being used. Given the delays with Samba-3 release a decision was made to NOT deliver this functionality until a better method of recognising NT Group SIDs from NT User SIDs could be found. This feature may thus return during the life cycle for the Samba-3 series. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> Samba-3.0.0 does NOT support Non-Unix Account (NUA) operation. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908055"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2910308"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> Samba-3 provides for complete backwards compatibility with Samba-2.2.x functionality as follows: </p><div class="variablelist"><p class="title"><b>Backwards Compatibility Backends</b></p><dl><dt><span class="term">Plain Text:</span></dt><dd><p> @@ -37,7 +36,7 @@ as follows: </p><p> This backend should be used only for backwards compatibility with older versions of Samba. It may be deprecated in future releases. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ldapsam_compat (Samba-2.2 LDAP Compatibilty):</span></dt><dd><p> + </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ldapsam_compat (Samba-2.2 LDAP Compatibility):</span></dt><dd><p> There is a password backend option that allows continued operation with a existing OpenLDAP backend that uses the Samba-2.2.x LDAP schema extension. This option is provided primarily as a migration tool, although there is @@ -67,11 +66,11 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: for sites that have fewer than 250 users. For larger sites or implementations the use of OpenLDAP or of Active Directory integration is strongly recommended. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ldapsam:</span></dt><dd><p> - This provides a rich directory backend for distributed account installation + This provides a rich directory backend for distributed account installation. </p><p> Samba-3 has a new and extended LDAP implementation that requires configuration of OpenLDAP with a new format samba schema. The new format schema file is - included in the <tt class="filename">~samba/examples/LDAP</tt> directory. + included in the <tt class="filename">examples/LDAP</tt> directory of the Samba distribution. </p><p> The new LDAP implementation significantly expands the control abilities that were possible with prior versions of Samba. It is now possible to specify @@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: </p></dd><dt><span class="term">nisplussam:</span></dt><dd><p> The NIS+ based passdb backend. Takes name NIS domain as an optional argument. Only works with Sun NIS+ servers. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908379"></a>Technical Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2910636"></a>Technical Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> Old windows clients send plain text passwords over the wire. Samba can check these passwords by crypting them and comparing them to the hash stored in the unix user database. </p><p> @@ -102,7 +101,7 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: the wire, instead of plain text passwords. The newest clients will send only encrypted passwords and refuse to send plain text passwords, unless their registry is tweaked. </p><p> - These passwords can't be converted to unix style encrypted passwords. Because of that + These passwords can't be converted to unix style encrypted passwords. Because of that, you can't use the standard unix user database, and you have to store the Lanman and NT hashes somewhere else. </p><p> @@ -112,7 +111,7 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: information using a <i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>. Commonly available backends are LDAP, plain text file, MySQL and nisplus. For more information, see the man page for <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> regarding the <i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> parameter. - </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908443"></a>Important Notes About Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2910700"></a>Important Notes About Security</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> The unix and SMB password encryption techniques seem similar on the surface. This similarity is, however, only skin deep. The unix scheme typically sends clear text passwords over the network when logging in. This is bad. The SMB encryption scheme @@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: (broken) only the cached (encrypted) password will be sent to the resource server to affect a auto-reconnect. If the resource server does not support encrypted passwords the auto-reconnect will fail. <span class="emphasis"><em>USE OF ENCRYPTED PASSWORDS IS STRONGLY ADVISED.</em></span> - </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2908595"></a>Advantages of Encrypted Passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not passed across + </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2910863"></a>Advantages of Encrypted Passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not passed across the network. Someone using a network sniffer cannot just record passwords going to the SMB server.</p></li><li><p>Plain text passwords are not stored anywhere in memory or on disk.</p></li><li><p>WinNT doesn't like talking to a server @@ -165,38 +164,38 @@ Samba-3 introduces the following new password backend capabilities: only things you can do to stop this is to use SMB encryption. </p></li><li><p>Encrypted password support allows automatic share (resource) reconnects.</p></li><li><p>Encrypted passwords are essential for PDC/BDC - operation.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2908649"></a>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not kept + operation.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2910917"></a>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</h4></div></div><div></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Plain text passwords are not kept on disk, and are NOT cached in memory. </p></li><li><p>Uses same password file as other unix services such as login and ftp</p></li><li><p>Use of other services (such as telnet and ftp) which send plain text passwords over the net, so sending them for SMB - isn't such a big deal.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908686"></a>Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and Unix</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + isn't such a big deal.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2910954"></a>Mapping User Identifiers between MS Windows and Unix</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> Every operation in Unix/Linux requires a user identifier (UID), just as in MS Windows NT4 / 200x this requires a Security Identifier (SID). Samba provides two means for mapping an MS Windows user to a Unix/Linux UID. </p><p> - Firstly, all Samba SAM (Security Account Management database) accounts require + Firstly, all Samba SAM (Security Account Manager database) accounts require a Unix/Linux UID that the account will map to. As users are added to the account - information database samba-3 will call the <i class="parameter"><tt>add user script</tt></i> - interface to add the account to the Samba host OS. In essence all accounts in + information database, Samba-3 will call the <i class="parameter"><tt>add user script</tt></i> + interface to add the account to the Samba host OS. In essence, all accounts in the local SAM require a local user account. </p><p> The second way to affect Windows SID to Unix UID mapping is via the <span class="emphasis"><em>idmap uid, idmap gid</em></span> parameters in <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>. Please refer to the man page for information about these parameters. These parameters are essential when mapping users from a remote SAM server. - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908741"></a>Account Management Tools</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2911009"></a>Account Management Tools</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> Samba-3 provides two (2) tools for management of User and machine accounts. These tools are -called <tt class="filename">smbpasswd</tt> and <b class="command">pdbedit</b>. A third tool is under +called <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> and <b class="command">pdbedit</b>. A third tool is under development but is NOT expected to ship in time for Samba-3.0.0. The new tool will be a TCL/TK GUI tool that looks much like the MS Windows NT4 Domain User Manager - hopefully this will -be announced in time for samba-3.0.1 release timing. -</p><div xmlns:ns21="" class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2908773"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +be announced in time for the Samba-3.0.1 release. +</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911041"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> The smbpasswd utility is a utility similar to the <b class="command">passwd</b> or <b class="command">yppasswd</b> programs. It maintains the two 32 byte password fields in the passdb backend. </p><p> <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> works in a client-server mode where it contacts the - local smbd to change the user's password on its behalf.This has enormous benefits + local smbd to change the user's password on its behalf. This has enormous benefits as follows: </p><p> <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> has the capability to change passwords on Windows NT @@ -206,18 +205,18 @@ be announced in time for samba-3.0.1 release timing. <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> can be used to: </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>add</em></span> user or machine accounts</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>delete</em></span> user or machine accounts</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>enable</em></span> user or machine accounts</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>disable</em></span> user or machine accounts</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>set to NULL</em></span> user passwords</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>manage interdomain trust accounts</em></span></td></tr></table><p> To run smbpasswd as a normal user just type: - </p><ns21:p> - </ns21:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> + </p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd</tt></b> <tt class="prompt">Old SMB password: </tt><b class="userinput"><tt><i class="replaceable"><tt>secret</tt></i></tt></b> - </pre><ns21:p> + </pre><p> For <i class="replaceable"><tt>secret</tt></i> type old value here - or hit return if there was no old password - </ns21:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">New SMB Password: </tt><b class="userinput"><tt><i class="replaceable"><tt>new secret</tt></i></tt></b> <tt class="prompt">Repeat New SMB Password: </tt><b class="userinput"><tt><i class="replaceable"><tt>new secret</tt></i></tt></b> - </pre><ns21:p> - </ns21:p><p> + </pre><p> + </p><p> If the old value does not match the current value stored for that user, or the two new values do not match each other, then the password will not be changed. </p><p> @@ -236,7 +235,7 @@ be announced in time for samba-3.0.1 release timing. </p><p> For more details on using <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> refer to the man page (the definitive reference). - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2909038"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>pdbedit</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911306"></a>The <span class="emphasis"><em>pdbedit</em></span> Command</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> <b class="command">pdbedit</b> is a tool that can be used only by root. It is used to manage the passdb backend. <b class="command">pdbedit</b> can be used to: </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>add, remove or modify user accounts</td></tr><tr><td>listing user accounts</td></tr><tr><td>migrate user accounts</td></tr></table><p> @@ -272,29 +271,29 @@ be announced in time for samba-3.0.1 release timing. Password last set: Sat, 14 Dec 2002 14:37:03 GMT Password can change: Sat, 14 Dec 2002 14:37:03 GMT Password must change: Mon, 18 Jan 2038 20:14:07 GMT - </pre></div></div><div xmlns:ns22="" class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909172"></a>Password Backends</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2911458"></a>Password Backends</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> Samba-3 offers the greatest flexibility in backend account database design of any SMB/CIFS server technology available today. The flexibility is immediately obvious as one begins to explore this capability. </p><p> It is possible to specify not only multiple different password backends, but even multiple backends of the same type. For example, to use two different tdbsam databases: -</p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> +</p><p> +</p><pre class="programlisting"> [globals] passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/passdb.tdb, \ tdbsam:/etc/samba/old-passdb.tdb, guest -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913386"></a>Plain Text</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> - Older versions of samba retrieved user information from the unix user database +</pre><p> +</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911494"></a>Plain Text</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + Older versions of Samba retrieved user information from the unix user database and eventually some other fields from the file <tt class="filename">/etc/samba/smbpasswd</tt> or <tt class="filename">/etc/smbpasswd</tt>. When password encryption is disabled, no - SMB specific data is stored at all. Instead all operations are conduected via the way - that the samba host OS will access it's <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> database. + SMB specific data is stored at all. Instead all operations are conducted via the way + that the Samba host OS will access its <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> database. eg: On Linux systems that is done via PAM. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913426"></a>smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> - Traditionally, when configuring <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">"encrypt - passwords = yes"</a> in Samba's <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, user account + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911534"></a>smbpasswd - Encrypted Password Database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + Traditionally, when configuring <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">encrypt + passwords = yes</a> in Samba's <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, user account information such as username, LM/NT password hashes, password change times, and account flags have been stored in the <tt class="filename">smbpasswd(5)</tt> file. There are several disadvantages to this approach for sites with very large numbers of users (counted @@ -323,15 +322,15 @@ backends of the same type. For example, to use two different tdbsam databases: Samba-3 provides an enhanced set of passdb backends that overcome the deficiencies of the smbpasswd plain text database. These are tdbsam, ldapsam, and xmlsam. Of these ldapsam will be of most interest to large corporate or enterprise sites. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913533"></a>tdbsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba can store user and machine account data in a "TDB" (Trivial Database). + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911641"></a>tdbsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>Samba can store user and machine account data in a "TDB" (Trivial Database). Using this backend doesn't require any additional configuration. This backend is recommended for new installations that do not require LDAP. </p><p> - As a general guide the Samba-Team do NOT recommend using the tdbsam backend for sites + As a general guide the Samba-Team does NOT recommend using the tdbsam backend for sites that have 250 or more users. Additionally, tdbsam is not capable of scaling for use - in sites that require PDB/BDC implmentations that requires replication of the account - database. Clearly, for reason of scalability the use of ldapsam should be encouraged. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913560"></a>ldapsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + in sites that require PDB/BDC implementations that requires replication of the account + database. Clearly, for reason of scalability, the use of ldapsam should be encouraged. + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2911668"></a>ldapsam</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> There are a few points to stress that the ldapsam does not provide. The LDAP support referred to in the this documentation does not include: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A means of retrieving user account information from @@ -344,7 +343,10 @@ backends of the same type. For example, to use two different tdbsam databases: Refer to <a href="http://safari.oreilly.com/?XmlId=1-56592-491-6" target="_top"> http://safari.oreilly.com/?XmlId=1-56592-491-6</a> for those who might wish to know more about configuration and administration of an OpenLDAP server. - </p><p> + </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> + This section is outdated for Samba-3 schema. Samba-3 introduces a new schema + that has not been documented at the time of this publication. + </p></div><p> This document describes how to use an LDAP directory for storing Samba user account information traditionally stored in the smbpasswd(5) file. It is assumed that the reader already has a basic understanding of LDAP concepts @@ -356,25 +358,25 @@ backends of the same type. For example, to use two different tdbsam databases: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The <a href="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb/ldap-smb-3-howto.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-LDAP-HOWTO</a> maintained by Ignacio Coupeau.</p></li><li><p>The NT migration scripts from <a href="http://samba.idealx.org/" target="_top">IDEALX</a> that are geared to manage users and group in such a Samba-LDAP Domain Controller configuration. - </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913698"></a>Supported LDAP Servers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2911821"></a>Supported LDAP Servers</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> The LDAP ldapsam code has been developed and tested using the OpenLDAP 2.0 and 2.1 server and client libraries. The same code should work with Netscape's Directory Server and client SDK. However, there are bound to be compile errors and bugs. These should not be hard to fix. Please submit fixes via <a href="bugreport.html" title="Chapter 35. Reporting Bugs">Bug reporting facility</a>. - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913724"></a>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2911847"></a>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> Samba 3.0 includes the necessary schema file for OpenLDAP 2.0 in - <tt class="filename">examples/LDAP/samba.schema</tt>. The sambaAccount objectclass is given here: - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> -objectclass ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.7165.2.2.3 NAME 'sambaAccount' SUP top AUXILIARY - DESC 'Samba Auxilary Account' + <tt class="filename">examples/LDAP/samba.schema</tt>. The sambaSamAccount objectclass is given here: + </p><p> +</p><pre class="programlisting"> +objectclass ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.7165.2.2.3 NAME 'sambaSamAccount' SUP top AUXILIARY + DESC 'Samba Auxiliary Account' MUST ( uid $ rid ) MAY ( cn $ lmPassword $ ntPassword $ pwdLastSet $ logonTime $ logoffTime $ kickoffTime $ pwdCanChange $ pwdMustChange $ acctFlags $ displayName $ smbHome $ homeDrive $ scriptPath $ profilePath $ description $ userWorkstations $ primaryGroupID $ domain )) -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> The <tt class="filename">samba.schema</tt> file has been formatted for OpenLDAP 2.0/2.1. The OID's are owned by the Samba Team and as such is legal to be openly published. If you translate the schema to be used with Netscape DS, please @@ -382,55 +384,55 @@ objectclass ( 1.3.6.1.4.1.7165.2.2.3 NAME 'sambaAccount' SUP top AUXILIARY <a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>. </p><p> Just as the smbpasswd file is meant to store information which supplements a - user's <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> entry, so is the sambaAccount object - meant to supplement the UNIX user account information. A sambaAccount is a + user's <tt class="filename">/etc/passwd</tt> entry, so is the sambaSamAccount object + meant to supplement the UNIX user account information. A sambaSamAccount is a <tt class="constant">STRUCTURAL</tt> objectclass so it can be stored individually in the directory. However, there are several fields (e.g. uid) which overlap with the posixAccount objectclass outlined in RFC2307. This is by design. </p><p> In order to store all user account information (UNIX and Samba) in the directory, - it is necessary to use the sambaAccount and posixAccount objectclasses in + it is necessary to use the sambaSamAccount and posixAccount objectclasses in combination. However, smbd will still obtain the user's UNIX account information via the standard C library calls (e.g. getpwnam(), et. al.). This means that the Samba server must also have the LDAP NSS library installed and functioning correctly. This division of information makes it possible to store all Samba account information in LDAP, but still maintain UNIX account information in NIS while the network is transitioning to a full LDAP infrastructure. - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913832"></a>OpenLDAP configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> - To include support for the sambaAccount object in an OpenLDAP directory + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2911953"></a>OpenLDAP configuration</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + To include support for the sambaSamAccount object in an OpenLDAP directory server, first copy the samba.schema file to slapd's configuration directory. The samba.schema file can be found in the directory <tt class="filename">examples/LDAP</tt> in the samba source distribution. - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>cp samba.schema /etc/openldap/schema/</tt></b> -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> Next, include the <tt class="filename">samba.schema</tt> file in <tt class="filename">slapd.conf</tt>. - The sambaAccount object contains two attributes which depend upon other schema + The sambaSamAccount object contains two attributes which depend upon other schema files. The 'uid' attribute is defined in <tt class="filename">cosine.schema</tt> and the 'displayName' attribute is defined in the <tt class="filename">inetorgperson.schema</tt> file. Both of these must be included before the <tt class="filename">samba.schema</tt> file. - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="programlisting"> ## /etc/openldap/slapd.conf ## schema files (core.schema is required by default) include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema -## needed for sambaAccount +## needed for sambaSamAccount include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/samba.schema include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema .... -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> - It is recommended that you maintain some indices on some of the most usefull attributes, - like in the following example, to speed up searches made on sambaAccount objectclasses +</pre><p> +</p><p> + It is recommended that you maintain some indices on some of the most useful attributes, + like in the following example, to speed up searches made on sambaSamAccount objectclasses (and possibly posixAccount and posixGroup as well). - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> # Indices to maintain ## required by OpenLDAP index objectclass eq @@ -452,25 +454,25 @@ index sambaSID eq index sambaPrimaryGroupSID eq index sambaDomainName eq index default sub -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> Create the new index by executing: - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> ./sbin/slapindex -f slapd.conf -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> Remember to restart slapd after making these changes: - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>/etc/init.d/slapd restart</tt></b> -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914019"></a>Initialise the LDAP database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</pre><p> +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2912141"></a>Initialise the LDAP database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> Before you can add accounts to the LDAP database you must create the account containers that they will be stored in. The following LDIF file should be modified to match your needs (ie: Your DNS entries, etc.). - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> # Organization for Samba Base dn: dc=plainjoe,dc=org objectclass: dcObject @@ -498,26 +500,26 @@ objectclass: top objectclass: organizationalRole objectclass: simpleSecurityObject userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> The userPassword shown above should be generated using <b class="command">slappasswd</b>. </p><p> The following command will then load the contents of the LDIF file into the LDAP database. - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>slapadd -v -l initldap.dif</tt></b> -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><p> +</pre><p> +</p><p> Do not forget to secure your LDAP server with an adequate access control list, as well as an admin password. - </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><ns22:p> - Before Samba can access the LDAP server you need to stoe the LDAP admin password + </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> + Before Samba can access the LDAP server you need to store the LDAP admin password into the Samba-3 <tt class="filename">secrets.tdb</tt> database by: - </ns22:p><pre class="screen"> + </p><pre class="screen"> <tt class="prompt">root# </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>secret</tt></i></tt></b> - </pre><ns22:p> - </ns22:p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914149"></a>Configuring Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </pre><p> + </p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2912270"></a>Configuring Samba</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> The following parameters are available in smb.conf only if your version of samba was built with LDAP support. Samba automatically builds with LDAP support if the LDAP libraries are found. @@ -525,8 +527,8 @@ userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz These are described in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> man page and so will not be repeated here. However, a sample smb.conf file for use with an LDAP directory could appear as - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="programlisting"> ## /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf [global] security = user @@ -555,7 +557,7 @@ userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz ldap delete dn = no # the machine and user suffix added to the base suffix - # wrote WITHOUT quotes. NULL siffixes by default + # wrote WITHOUT quotes. NULL suffixes by default ldap user suffix = ou=People ldap machine suffix = ou=Systems @@ -567,27 +569,27 @@ userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz ldap suffix = "ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org" # generally the default ldap search filter is ok - # ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaAccount))" -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914327"></a>Accounts and Groups management</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> - As users accounts are managed thru the sambaAccount objectclass, you should - modify your existing administration tools to deal with sambaAccount attributes. + # ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaSamAccount))" +</pre><p> +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2912468"></a>Accounts and Groups management</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + As users accounts are managed through the sambaSamAccount objectclass, you should + modify your existing administration tools to deal with sambaSamAccount attributes. </p><p> - Machines accounts are managed with the sambaAccount objectclass, just - like users accounts. However, it's up to you to store thoses accounts + Machines accounts are managed with the sambaSamAccount objectclass, just + like users accounts. However, it's up to you to store those accounts in a different tree of your LDAP namespace: you should use "ou=Groups,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store groups and "ou=People,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store users. Just configure your NSS and PAM accordingly (usually, in the /etc/ldap.conf configuration file). </p><p> - In Samba release 3.0, the group management system is based on posix - groups. This means that Samba makes usage of the posixGroup objectclass. + In Samba release 3.0, the group management system is based on POSIX + groups. This means that Samba makes use of the posixGroup objectclass. For now, there is no NT-like group system management (global and local groups). - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914363"></a>Security and sambaAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2912505"></a>Security and sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> There are two important points to remember when discussing the security - of sambaAccount entries in the directory. + of sambaSamAccount entries in the directory. </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> retrieve the lmPassword or ntPassword attribute values over an unencrypted LDAP session.</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> allow non-admin users to view the lmPassword or ntPassword attribute values.</p></li></ul></div><p> @@ -596,7 +598,7 @@ userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz on the details of LM/NT password hashes, refer to the <a href="passdb.html" title="Chapter 11. Account Information Databases">Account Information Database</a> section of this chapter. </p><p> - To remedy the first security issue, the "ldap ssl" smb.conf parameter defaults + To remedy the first security issue, the <i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> parameter defaults to require an encrypted session (<i class="parameter"><tt>ldap ssl = on</tt></i>) using the default port of <tt class="constant">636</tt> when contacting the directory server. When using an OpenLDAP server, it @@ -611,19 +613,19 @@ userPassword: {SSHA}c3ZM9tBaBo9autm1dL3waDS21+JSfQVz The second security precaution is to prevent non-administrative users from harvesting password hashes from the directory. This can be done using the following ACL in <tt class="filename">slapd.conf</tt>: - </p><ns22:p> -</ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> +</p><pre class="programlisting"> ## allow the "ldap admin dn" access, but deny everyone else access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword by dn="cn=Samba Admin,ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" write by * none -</pre><ns22:p> -</ns22:p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914485"></a>LDAP special attributes for sambaAccounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> - The sambaAccount objectclass is composed of the following attributes: - </p><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><div class="table"><a name="id2914501"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.1. Attributes in the sambaAccount objectclass (LDAP)</b></p><table summary="Attributes in the sambaAccount objectclass (LDAP)" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt></td><td align="left">the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character - representation of a hexidecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt></td><td align="left">the NT password hash 16-byte stored as a character - representation of a hexidecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">pwdLastSet</tt></td><td align="left">The integer time in seconds since 1970 when the +</pre><p> +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2912642"></a>LDAP special attributes for sambaSamAccounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + The sambaSamAccount objectclass is composed of the following attributes: + </p><p> + </p><div class="table"><a name="id2912659"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.1. Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)</b></p><table summary="Attributes in the sambaSamAccount objectclass (LDAP)" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><tbody><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt></td><td align="left">the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character + representation of a hexadecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt></td><td align="left">the NT password hash 16-byte stored as a character + representation of a hexadecimal string.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">pwdLastSet</tt></td><td align="left">The integer time in seconds since 1970 when the <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt> and <tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt> attributes were last set. </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">acctFlags</tt></td><td align="left">string of 11 characters surrounded by square brackets [] representing account flags such as U (user), W(workstation), X(no password expiration), @@ -644,14 +646,14 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">userWorkstation</tt></td><td align="left">character string value currently unused. </td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">rid</tt></td><td align="left">the integer representation of the user's relative identifier (RID).</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">primaryGroupID</tt></td><td align="left">the relative identifier (RID) of the primary group - of the user.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">domain</tt></td><td align="left">domain the user is part of.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><p> + of the user.</td></tr><tr><td align="left"><tt class="constant">domain</tt></td><td align="left">domain the user is part of.</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> + </p><p> The majority of these parameters are only used when Samba is acting as a PDC of a domain (refer to the <a href="samba-pdc.html" title="Chapter 5. Domain Control">Samba as a primary domain controller</a> chapter for details on how to configure Samba as a Primary Domain Controller). The following four attributes - are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if the values are non-default values: + are only stored with the sambaSamAccount entry if the values are non-default values: </p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>smbHome</td></tr><tr><td>scriptPath</td></tr><tr><td>logonPath</td></tr><tr><td>homeDrive</td></tr></table><p> - These attributes are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if + These attributes are only stored with the sambaSamAccount entry if the values are non-default values. For example, assume TASHTEGO has now been configured as a PDC and that <i class="parameter"><tt>logon home = \\%L\%u</tt></i> was defined in its <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file. When a user named "becky" logons to the domain, @@ -661,10 +663,10 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword of the <i class="parameter"><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter is used in its place. Samba will only write the attribute value to the directory entry if the value is something other than the default (e.g. <tt class="filename">\\MOBY\becky</tt>). - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914848"></a>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913008"></a>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaSamAccount</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> The following is a working LDIF with the inclusion of the posixAccount objectclass: - </p><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> + </p><pre class="programlisting"> dn: uid=guest2, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7 pwdMustChange: 2147483647 @@ -672,26 +674,26 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE pwdLastSet: 1010179124 logonTime: 0 - objectClass: sambaAccount + objectClass: sambaSamAccount uid: guest2 kickoffTime: 2147483647 acctFlags: [UX ] logoffTime: 2147483647 rid: 19006 pwdCanChange: 0 - </pre><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><p> - The following is an LDIF entry for using both the sambaAccount and + </pre><p> + </p><p> + The following is an LDIF entry for using both the sambaSamAccount and posixAccount objectclasses: - </p><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> + </p><pre class="programlisting"> dn: uid=gcarter, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org logonTime: 0 displayName: Gerald Carter lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE primaryGroupID: 1201 objectClass: posixAccount - objectClass: sambaAccount + objectClass: sambaSamAccount acctFlags: [UX ] userPassword: {crypt}BpM2ej8Rkzogo uid: gcarter @@ -707,56 +709,53 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword pwdCanChange: 0 pwdMustChange: 2147483647 ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7 -</pre><ns22:p> - </ns22:p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2914909"></a>Password synchronisation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</pre><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913071"></a>Password synchronisation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> Since version 3.0 samba can update the non-samba (LDAP) password stored with an account. When using pam_ldap, this allows changing both unix and windows passwords at once. </p><p>The <i class="parameter"><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i> options can have the following values:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">yes</span></dt><dd><p>When the user changes his password, update <tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt>, <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt> and the <tt class="constant">password</tt> fields.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">no</span></dt><dd><p>Only update <tt class="constant">ntPassword</tt> and <tt class="constant">lmPassword</tt>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">only</span></dt><dd><p>Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server worry - about the other fields. This option is only available when - the LDAP library supports LDAP_EXOP_X_MODIFY_PASSWD. </p></dd></dl></div><p>More information can be found in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPPASSWDSYNC" target="_top">smb.conf</a> manpage. - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2915021"></a>ldap trust ids</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> - LDAP Performance can be improved by using the <b class="command">ldap trust ids</b> parameter. - See the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPTRUSTIDS" target="_top">smb.conf</a> manpage for details. - </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2915051"></a>MySQL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + about the other fields. This option is only available when the LDAP server supports LDAP_EXOP_X_MODIFY_PASSWD. </p></dd></dl></div><p>More information can be found in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPPASSWDSYNC" target="_top">smb.conf</a> manpage. + </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913185"></a>MySQL</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> Every so often someone will come along with a great new idea. Storing of user accounts in an SQL backend is one of them. Those who want to do this are in the best position to know what the specific benefits are to them. This may sound like a cop-out, but in truth we can not attempt to document every nitty little detail why certain things of marginal utility to the bulk of Samba users might make sense to the rest. In any case, the following instructions should help the determined SQL user to implement a working system. - </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2915072"></a>Creating the database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><ns22:p> + </p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913204"></a>Creating the database</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> You either can set up your own table and specify the field names to pdb_mysql (see below for the column names) or use the default table. The file <tt class="filename">examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt> contains the correct queries to create the required tables. Use the command : - </ns22:p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>mysql -u<i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i> -h<i class="replaceable"><tt>hostname</tt></i> -p<i class="replaceable"><tt>password</tt></i> <i class="replaceable"><tt>databasename</tt></i> > <tt class="filename">/path/to/samba/examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt></tt></b></pre><ns22:p> - </ns22:p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2915136"></a>Configuring</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</p><ns22:p>Add a the following to the <i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> variable in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>: - </ns22:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><pre class="screen"><tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>mysql -u<i class="replaceable"><tt>username</tt></i> -h<i class="replaceable"><tt>hostname</tt></i> -p<i class="replaceable"><tt>password</tt></i> \ +<i class="replaceable"><tt>databasename</tt></i> < <tt class="filename">/path/to/samba/examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt></tt></b></pre><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913268"></a>Configuring</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</p><p>Add a the following to the <i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i> variable in your <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt>: + </p><pre class="programlisting"> passdb backend = [other-plugins] mysql:identifier [other-plugins] - </pre><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><p>The identifier can be any string you like, as long as it doesn't collide with + </pre><p> + </p><p>The identifier can be any string you like, as long as it doesn't collide with the identifiers of other plugins or other instances of pdb_mysql. If you specify multiple pdb_mysql.so entries in <i class="parameter"><tt>passdb backend</tt></i>, you also need to use different identifiers! </p><p> - Additional options can be given thru the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section. - </p><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><div class="table"><a name="id2915212"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.2. Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql host</td><td align="left">host name, defaults to 'localhost'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql password</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql user</td><td align="left">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql database</td><td align="left">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql port</td><td align="left">defaults to 3306</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:table</td><td align="left">Name of the table containing users</td></tr></tbody></table></div><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> - Since the password for the mysql user is stored in the + Additional options can be given through the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file in the <i class="parameter"><tt>[global]</tt></i> section. + </p><p> + </p><div class="table"><a name="id2913346"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.2. Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="Basic smb.conf options for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql host</td><td align="left">host name, defaults to 'localhost'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql password</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql user</td><td align="left">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql database</td><td align="left">defaults to 'samba'</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:mysql port</td><td align="left">defaults to 3306</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:table</td><td align="left">Name of the table containing users</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> + </p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> + Since the password for the MySQL user is stored in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file, you should make the the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file - readable only to the user that runs samba. This is considered a security + readable only to the user that runs Samba This is considered a security bug and will be fixed soon. - </p></div><p>Names of the columns in this table(I've added column types those columns should have first):</p><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><div class="table"><a name="id2915337"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.3. MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Type</th><th align="left">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:kickoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass last set time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass can change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass must change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">unix username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:domain column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT domain user is part of</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:nt username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:fullname column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Full name of user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:home dir column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Unix homedir path</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:dir drive column</td><td align="left">varchar(2)</td><td align="left">Directory drive path (eg: 'H:')</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon script column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Batch file to run on client side when logging on</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:profile path column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Path of profile</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:acct desc column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Some ASCII NT user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:workstations column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown string column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">unknown string</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:munged dial column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:user sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT user SID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:group sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT group ID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:lanman pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">encrypted lanman password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:nt pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">encrypted nt passwd</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:plain pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">plaintext password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:acct control column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">nt user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 3 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon divs column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:hours len column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 5 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 6 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr></tbody></table></div><ns22:p> - </ns22:p><p> + </p></div><p>Names of the columns in this table (I've added column types those columns should have first):</p><p> + </p><div class="table"><a name="id2913471"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 11.3. MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend</b></p><table summary="MySQL field names for MySQL passdb backend" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Field</th><th align="left">Type</th><th align="left">Contents</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:kickoff time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass last set time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass can change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:pass must change time column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left"> </td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">unix username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:domain column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT domain user is part of</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:nt username column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT username</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:fullname column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Full name of user</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:home dir column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Unix homedir path</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:dir drive column</td><td align="left">varchar(2)</td><td align="left">Directory drive path (eg: 'H:')</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon script column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Batch file to run on client side when logging on</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:profile path column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Path of profile</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:acct desc column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Some ASCII NT user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:workstations column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all)</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown string column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">unknown string</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:munged dial column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:user sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT user SID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:group sid column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">NT group ID</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:lanman pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">encrypted lanman password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:nt pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">encrypted nt passwd</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:plain pass column</td><td align="left">varchar(255)</td><td align="left">plaintext password</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:acct control column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">nt user data</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 3 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:logon divs column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:hours len column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">?</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 5 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr><tr><td align="left">identifier:unknown 6 column</td><td align="left">int(9)</td><td align="left">unknown</td></tr></tbody></table></div><p> + </p><p> Eventually, you can put a colon (:) after the name of each column, which should specify the column to update when updating the table. You can also specify nothing behind the colon - then the data from the field will not be updated. - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2915718"></a>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913850"></a>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> I strongly discourage the use of plaintext passwords, however, you can use them: </p><p> If you would like to use plaintext passwords, set @@ -766,7 +765,7 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword </p><p> If you use encrypted passwords, set the 'identifier:plain pass column' to 'NULL' (without the quotes). This is the default. - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2915749"></a>Getting non-column data from the table</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2913881"></a>Getting non-column data from the table</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> It is possible to have not all data in the database and making some 'constant'. </p><p> For example, you can set 'identifier:fullname column' to : @@ -775,36 +774,36 @@ access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword Or, set 'identifier:workstations column' to : <b class="command">NULL</b></p><p>See the MySQL documentation for more language constructs.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="XMLpassdb"></a>XML</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>This module requires libxml2 to be installed.</p><p>The usage of pdb_xml is pretty straightforward. To export data, use: </p><p> - <tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -e xml:filename</tt></b> + <tt class="prompt">$ </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -e xml:filename</tt></b> </p><p> (where filename is the name of the file to put the data in) </p><p> To import data, use: - <tt class="prompt">$ </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -i xml:filename</tt></b> - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2915854"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2915861"></a>Users can not logon - Users not in Samba SAM</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> - People forget to put their users in their backend and then complain samba won't authorize them. - </p></div><div xmlns:ns23="" class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2915876"></a>Users are being added to the wrong backend database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> - A few complaints have been recieved from users that just moved to samba-3. The following + <tt class="prompt">$ </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -i xml:filename</tt></b> + </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2913989"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2913997"></a>Users can not logon - Users not in Samba SAM</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + People forget to put their users in their backend and then complain Samba won't authorize them. + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2914012"></a>Users are being added to the wrong backend database</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + A few complaints have been received from users that just moved to Samba-3. The following <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file entries were causing problems, new accounts were being added to the old smbpasswd file, not to the tdbsam passdb.tdb file: - </p><ns23:p> - </ns23:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> + </p><pre class="programlisting"> [globals] ... passdb backend = smbpasswd, tdbsam, guest ... - </pre><ns23:p> - </ns23:p><p> + </pre><p> + </p><p> Samba will add new accounts to the first entry in the <span class="emphasis"><em>passdb backend</em></span> parameter entry. If you want to update to the tdbsam, then change the entry to: - </p><ns23:p> - </ns23:p><pre class="programlisting"> + </p><p> + </p><pre class="programlisting"> [globals] ... passdb backend = tdbsam, smbpasswd, guest ... - </pre><ns23:p> - </ns23:p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2915936"></a>auth methods does not work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + </pre><p> + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2914072"></a>auth methods does not work</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> If you explicitly set an 'auth methods' parameter, guest must be specified as the first entry on the line. Eg: <i class="parameter"><tt>auth methods = guest sam</tt></i>. </p><p> |