diff options
| author | Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org> | 2002-11-05 21:41:04 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org> | 2002-11-05 21:41:04 +0000 |
| commit | 09fb00c629ed81b25c97a5eb74df4e03c92145ea (patch) | |
| tree | e1f670baf1119be63c39d752189837de40caa249 /docs/htmldocs/printing.html | |
| parent | 87124fc4039877714b0f7a31a1d03a14bf7708e1 (diff) | |
| download | samba-09fb00c629ed81b25c97a5eb74df4e03c92145ea.tar.gz samba-09fb00c629ed81b25c97a5eb74df4e03c92145ea.tar.bz2 samba-09fb00c629ed81b25c97a5eb74df4e03c92145ea.zip | |
'make everything' in docs
(This used to be commit 960082d860c36419c63094be778decdadb061c1d)
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/printing.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/htmldocs/printing.html | 592 |
1 files changed, 396 insertions, 196 deletions
diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/printing.html b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html index 7ae20acb43..5f054e1fda 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/printing.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html @@ -2,19 +2,22 @@ <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE ->Printing Support in Samba 2.2.x</TITLE +>Printing Support</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="p1346.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists" -HREF="unix-permissions.html"><LINK +TITLE="Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba" +HREF="msdfs.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Debugging Printing Problems" -HREF="printingdebug.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Security levels" +HREF="securitylevels.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -42,7 +45,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="unix-permissions.html" +HREF="msdfs.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -56,7 +59,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="printingdebug.html" +HREF="securitylevels.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -71,15 +74,15 @@ CLASS="CHAPTER" ><A NAME="PRINTING" ></A ->Chapter 6. Printing Support in Samba 2.2.x</H1 +>Chapter 14. Printing Support</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN763" +NAME="AEN1908" ></A ->6.1. Introduction</H1 +>14.1. Introduction</H1 ><P >Beginning with the 2.2.0 release, Samba supports the native Windows NT printing mechanisms implemented via @@ -136,12 +139,7 @@ TARGET="_top" >There has been some initial confusion about what all this means and whether or not it is a requirement for printer drivers to be installed on a Samba host in order to support printing from Windows -clients. A bug existed in Samba 2.2.0 which made Windows NT/2000 clients -require that the Samba server possess a valid driver for the printer. -This is fixed in Samba 2.2.1 and once again, Windows NT/2000 clients -can use the local APW for installing drivers to be used with a Samba -served printer. This is the same behavior exhibited by Windows 9x clients. -As a side note, Samba does not use these drivers in any way to process +clients. As a side note, Samba does not use these drivers in any way to process spooled files. They are utilized entirely by the clients.</P ><P >The following MS KB article, may be of some help if you are dealing with @@ -165,9 +163,9 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN785" +NAME="AEN1930" ></A ->6.2. Configuration</H1 +>14.2. Configuration</H1 ><DIV CLASS="WARNING" ><P @@ -222,20 +220,6 @@ CLASS="PARAMETER" > provided a means of defining the printer driver name to be sent to the client.</P -><P ->These parameters, including <TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->printer driver -file</I -></TT -> parameter, are being deprecated and should not -be used in new installations. For more information on this change, -you should refer to the <A -HREF="printing.html#MIGRATION" ->Migration section</A -> -of this document.</P ></TD ></TR ></TABLE @@ -245,9 +229,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN796" +NAME="AEN1938" ></A ->6.2.1. Creating [print$]</H2 +>14.2.1. Creating [print$]</H2 ><P >In order to support the uploading of printer driver files, you must first configure a file share named [print$]. @@ -468,22 +452,14 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN831" +NAME="AEN1973" ></A ->6.2.2. Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</H2 +>14.2.2. Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</H2 ><P >The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's Printers folder will have no real printer driver assigned -to them. By default, in Samba 2.2.0 this driver name was set to -<SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->NO PRINTER DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR THIS PRINTER</I -></SPAN ->. -Later versions changed this to a NULL string to allow the use -tof the local Add Printer Wizard on NT/2000 clients. +to them. This defaults to a NULL string to allow the use +of the local Add Printer Wizard on NT/2000 clients. Attempting to view the printer properties for a printer which has this default driver assigned will result in the error message:</P @@ -548,9 +524,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN848" +NAME="AEN1989" ></A ->6.2.3. Support a large number of printers</H2 +>14.2.3. Support a large number of printers</H2 ><P >One issue that has arisen during the development phase of Samba 2.2 is the need to support driver downloads for @@ -614,9 +590,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN859" +NAME="AEN2000" ></A ->6.2.4. Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</H2 +>14.2.4. Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</H2 ><P >By default, Samba offers all printer shares defined in <TT CLASS="FILENAME" @@ -783,9 +759,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN889" +NAME="AEN2030" ></A ->6.2.5. Samba and Printer Ports</H2 +>14.2.5. Samba and Printer Ports</H2 ><P >Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each printer. These normally take the form of LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:, etc... Samba must also support the @@ -820,9 +796,9 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN897" +NAME="AEN2038" ></A ->6.3. The Imprints Toolset</H1 +>14.3. The Imprints Toolset</H1 ><P >The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the Windows NT Add Printer Wizard. For complete information, please @@ -838,9 +814,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN901" +NAME="AEN2042" ></A ->6.3.1. What is Imprints?</H2 +>14.3.1. What is Imprints?</H2 ><P >Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting the goals of</P @@ -870,9 +846,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN911" +NAME="AEN2052" ></A ->6.3.2. Creating Printer Driver Packages</H2 +>14.3.2. Creating Printer Driver Packages</H2 ><P >The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond the scope of this document (refer to Imprints.txt also included @@ -886,9 +862,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN914" +NAME="AEN2055" ></A ->6.3.3. The Imprints server</H2 +>14.3.3. The Imprints server</H2 ><P >The Imprints server is really a database server that may be queried via standard HTTP mechanisms. Each printer @@ -910,9 +886,9 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN918" +NAME="AEN2059" ></A ->6.3.4. The Installation Client</H2 +>14.3.4. The Installation Client</H2 ><P >More information regarding the Imprints installation client is available in the <TT @@ -1004,168 +980,388 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN940" +NAME="AEN2081" ></A ->6.4. <A -NAME="MIGRATION" +>14.4. Diagnosis</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2083" ></A ->Migration to from Samba 2.0.x to 2.2.x</H1 +>14.4.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with +Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB +client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse +see the examples/printing directory.</P ><P ->Given that printer driver management has changed (we hope improved) in -2.2 over prior releases, migration from an existing setup to 2.2 can -follow several paths. Here are the possible scenarios for -migration:</P +>Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first +thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any +printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client +and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC +then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command +you use is up to you.</P ><P +>The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most +relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page) +are:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [global] + print command - send a file to a spooler + lpq command - get spool queue status + lprm command - remove a job + [printers] + path = /var/spool/lpd/samba</PRE ></P -><UL +><P +>The following are nice to know about:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue + queueresume command - start a printer or print queue</PRE +></P +><P +>Example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s + lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s + lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j + queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop + queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start</PRE +></P +><P +>Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your +system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you +have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should +always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have +the correct PATH values.</P +><P +>When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary +copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section. +and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option +requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If +printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory, +and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq +command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job +by the spooler.</P +><P +>The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate +values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool +file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the +printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from +the lpq output.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2099" +></A +>14.4.2. Debugging printer problems</H2 +><P +>One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these +command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents +of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might +be:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s + + #!/bin/saveprint + # we make sure that we are the right user + /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print + # we run the command and save the error messages + # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system + /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print</PRE +></P +><P +>Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the +print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status +and remove the job:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi +h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4 +added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 +Password: +Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7] +smb: \> print /tmp/hi +putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s) +smb: \> queue +1049 3 hi-17534 +smb: \> cancel 1049 +Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0 +smb: \> cancel 1049 +Job 1049 cancelled +smb: \> queue +smb: \> exit</PRE +></P +><P +>The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment +by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this. +You can observe the command output and then and look at the +/tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly +find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people +have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on +various print queues.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2108" +></A +>14.4.3. What printers do I have?</H2 +><P +>You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer +name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can +use:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> testprns printer /etc/printcap</PRE +></P +><P +>Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. +You can try the following to see the format of the extracted +information:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> testprns -a printer /etc/printcap + + testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap'</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2116" +></A +>14.4.4. Setting up printcap and print servers</H2 +><P +>You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. +It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by +the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information.</P +><P +>Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap +information. This printcap information has the format:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:...</PRE +></P +><P +>For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed +only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also +allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the +printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment' +about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines +to extend the printcap to multiple lines.</P +><P +>Here are some examples of printcap files:</P +><P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" ><LI ><P ->If you do not desire the new Windows NT - print driver support, nothing needs to be done. - All existing parameters work the same.</P +>pr just printer name</P ></LI ><LI ><P ->If you want to take advantage of NT printer - driver support but do not want to migrate the - 9x drivers to the new setup, the leave the existing - <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->printers.def</TT -> file. When smbd attempts - to locate a - 9x driver for the printer in the TDB and fails it - will drop down to using the printers.def (and all - associated parameters). The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->make_printerdef</B -> - tool will also remain for backwards compatibility but will - be removed in the next major release.</P +>pr|alias printer name and alias</P ></LI ><LI ><P ->If you install a Windows 9x driver for a printer - on your Samba host (in the printing TDB), this information will - take precedence and the three old printing parameters - will be ignored (including print driver location).</P +>pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment</P ></LI ><LI ><P ->If you want to migrate an existing <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->printers.def</TT -> - file into the new setup, the current only solution is to use the Windows - NT APW to install the NT drivers and the 9x drivers. This can be scripted - using <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->smbclient</B -> and <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->rpcclient</B ->. See the - Imprints installation client at <A -HREF="http://imprints.sourceforge.net/" -TARGET="_top" ->http://imprints.sourceforge.net/</A -> - for an example. - </P +>pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing + :cm= \ + testing</P ></LI -></UL -><DIV -CLASS="WARNING" +><LI ><P +>pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing + :cm= testing</P +></LI +></OL ></P -><TABLE -CLASS="WARNING" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/docbook-dsssl/warning.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Warning"></TD -><TH -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="CENTER" -><B ->Achtung!</B -></TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -> </TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" ><P ->The following <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> parameters are considered to -be deprecated and will be removed soon. Do not use them in new -installations</P +>Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make +changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following:</P ><P ></P -><UL +><OL +TYPE="1" ><LI ><P -><TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->printer driver file (G)</I -></TT -> - </P +>make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. +The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this.</P ></LI ><LI ><P -><TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->printer driver (S)</I -></TT -> - </P +>make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the +correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f' +command to do this.</P ></LI ><LI ><P -><TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->printer driver location (S)</I -></TT -> - </P +>You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have +it reread the printcap information.</P ></LI -></UL -></TD -></TR -></TABLE +></OL ></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2144" +></A +>14.4.5. Job sent, no output</H2 ><P ->The have been two new parameters add in Samba 2.2.2 to for -better support of Samba 2.0.x backwards capability (<TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->disable -spoolss</I -></TT ->) and for using local printers drivers on Windows -NT/2000 clients (<TT -CLASS="PARAMETER" -><I ->use client driver</I -></TT ->). Both of -these options are described in the smb.coinf(5) man page and are -disabled by default.</P +>This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the +job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around +the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer.</P +><P +>First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the +right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler, +you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be +submitted, but they will not be printed. Use:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> lpc -Pprinter stop</PRE +></P +><P +>Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the +job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then +you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing.</P +><P +>Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really +was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view +the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these +are not in what you would expect to call a printable format. +You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job +format actually is:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs + ls # find job files + file dfA001myhost</PRE +></P +><P +>You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that +your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will +convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2155" +></A +>14.4.6. Job sent, strange output</H2 +><P +>Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about +making it print nicely.</P +><P +>The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages +OR blank pages at the end.</P +><P +>If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the +printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners. +If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner +page) option. You should have the following in your printer.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> printer: ... :sh</PRE +></P +><P +>If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there +is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you +automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled +for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software +or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer.</P +><P +>If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems +with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs, +incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client. +For example, under Win95 there is a option:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced|</PRE +></P +><P +>that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. +This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will +automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as +PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2167" +></A +>14.4.7. Raw PostScript printed</H2 +><P +>This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling +system putting information at the start of the print job that makes +the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply +does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic +Format Detection' on your printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2170" +></A +>14.4.8. Advanced Printing</H2 +><P +>Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your +imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. +Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print +command shell script. You could even make the print command detect +the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate +printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2173" +></A +>14.4.9. Real debugging</H2 +><P +>If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in +the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory.</P +></DIV ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV @@ -1184,7 +1380,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="unix-permissions.html" +HREF="msdfs.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -1202,7 +1398,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="printingdebug.html" +HREF="securitylevels.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -1212,17 +1408,21 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</TD +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" -> </TD +><A +HREF="p1346.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->Debugging Printing Problems</TD +>Security levels</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV |