Removing superceded documents

(This used to be commit b087e7006e3073385c35a551db2becc5f8929b3d)

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diff --git a/docs/textdocs/CUPS-PrintingInfo.txt b/docs/textdocs/CUPS-PrintingInfo.txt
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@@ -1,1201 +0,0 @@
-There are Six (6) Extracts here from mail in the Samba Mailing List.
-The key contribution here is from Kurt Pfeifle.
-
-I added them to this repository in the hope that someone would find the information helpful.
-
-John T. <jht@samba.org>
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 1 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: Print Filtering Mechanism Explained
-============================================
-
-Date: Sun, 22 Sep 2002 15:38:02 +0200
-From: "Kurt Pfeifle" <kpfeifle@danka.de>
-Reply-To: kpfeifle@danka.de
-Organization: Danka Deutschland GmbH
-To: samba@lists.samba.org
-Subject: CUPS filtering mechanism explained, was: [cups raw mode, was Re: [Samba] unlink data file in cups_job_submit]
-
-Paul Janzen wrote on Samba digest:
-
- > Message: 7
- > To: Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org>
- > Cc: samba@lists.samba.org
- > From: Paul Janzen <pcj@samba.sez.to>
- > Subject: cups raw mode, was Re: [Samba] unlink data file in cups_job_submit
- > Date: 21 Sep 2002 12:09:23 -0700
- >
- >
- > Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> writes:
- >
- >  > Looks right to me  [:-)] Applying it now.  Thanks.  I've been meaning to
- >  > track this one down.
- >
- >
- > Thanks!
- >
- > While we are on the subject...  [:-)]
- >
- > If I am using native printer drivers on Windows clients, I would like
- > the "raw" option to get propagated to CUPS.  Otherwise cups does not
- > pass the data on to the printer.
-
-Paul,
-
-I see you know about what you call the "raw data passthrough feature".
-I guess you mean the lines in "/etc/cups/mime.types" and
-"/etc/cups/mime.convs" which need to be uncommented to allow "raw"
-printing ?
-
-Here is some clarification (likely not very useful for you, but
-possibly for some other readers of the Samba list):
-
-###  If you have "printing = cups" and "printcap = cups" enabled,
----  everything is handled by Samba accessing the CUPS API. (And any
-      "print command" directive in Samba will be ignored.) If the CUPS
-      API is not available (because Samba might not be compiled against
-libcups), it automatically maps to the "System V" command set, with
-"-oraw" enabled automatically.
-
- > (If I enable cups's application/
- > octet-stream raw-data passthrough feature, both cupsomatic and the
- > Windows driver add PJL headers and footers, which is not what I want
- > either.)
-
-###  According to my experience, cupsomatic on the Samba/CUPS server
----  does *not* add any features if a file is really printed "raw".
-      However, if you have loaded the driver for the Windows client
-from the CUPS server, using the "cupsaddsmb" utility, and if this
-driver is one using a "Foomatic" PPD, the PJL header in question is
-already added on the Windows client, at the time when the driver
-initially generated the PostScript data -- and CUPS in true "-oraw"
-manner doesn't remove this PJL header and passes the file "as is"
-to its printer communication backend.
-
-NOTE,  please, that the editing in the "mime.convs" and the
------  "mime.types" file does not *enforce* "raw" printing, it
-        only *allows* it. Any file arriving from Windows is
-"auto-typed" by CUPS, which might consecutively lead to its
-treatment by various filters automatically (depending on the
-actual outcome of the auto-typing and the configuration of the
-printqueue in question):
-
-     --> Files generated by PCL drivers and destined to PCL
-         printers get auto-typed "application/octet-stream"
-         and are indeed printed "raw". Also, unknown file
-         types are getting tagged as "application/octet-stream".
-
-     --> Files generated by a PostScript driver (and destined
-         for any target printer type) are auto-typed. Depending
-         on the driver, the discovered MIME type may be
-
-           * application/postscript or
-           * application/vnd.cups-postscript
-
-"application/postscript" goes first thru the "pstops" filter
-    (where also the page counting and accounting takes place
-    currently), and the outcome will be of MIME type
-    "application/vnd.cups-postscript". The pstopsfilter reads and
-    uses information from the PPD and inserts user-provided options
-    into the PostScript file. As a consequence, the filtered file
-    will possibly have the PJL header you don't want.
-
-"application/postscript" will be all files with a ".ps", ".ai",
-    ".eps" suffix or which have as their first character string one
-    of "%!" or "<04>%".
-
-"application/vnd.cups-postscript" will be those files which do both,
-    first...
-    ...carry a string "LANGUAGE=POSTSCRIPT" (or similar variations
-       with different capitalization) amongst the first 512 bytes,
-       *plus*...
-    ...contain the "PJL super escape code" amongst the first 128
-       bytes ("<1B>%-12345X"). Very likely, most PostScript files
-       generated on Windows using a CUPS- or other PPD, will have
-       to be auto-typed as "vnd.cups-postscript".
-    Probably a file produced with a "Generic PostScript driver"
-    will be just "application/postscript" (have not checked).
-
-Once the file is in "application/vnd.cups-postscript" format,
-either "pstoraster" or "cupsomatic" will take over (depending
-on the printer configuration, as determined by the PPD in use).
-
-NOTE:  a printer queue with *no* PPD associated to it is a "raw"
------  printer and all files will go directly there as received
-        by the spooler; the exeption are file types
-"application/octet-stream" which need the mentioned "passthrough
-feature" enabled. "Raw" queues don't do any filtering at all, they
-hand the file directly to the CUPS backend. This backend is
-responsible for the sending of the data to the device (as visible
-in the "device URI" notation as lpd://, socket://, smb://, ipp://,
-http://, parallel:/, serial:/, usb:/ etc.)
-
-NOTE,  please, also the following fact: "cupsomatic"/Foomatic are
------  *not* native CUPS drivers and they don't ship with CUPS.
-        They are a Third Party add-on, developed at Linuxprinting.org.
-As such, they are a brilliant hack to make all models (driven by
-Ghostscript drivers/filters in traditional spoolers) also work via
-CUPS, with the same (good or bad!) quality as in these other
-spoolers. "cupsomatic" is only a vehicle to execute a ghostscript
-commandline at that stage in the CUPS filtering chain,  where
-"normally" the native CUPS "pstoraster" filter would kick in.
-cupsomatic by-passes pstoraster, "kidnaps" the printfile from CUPS
-away and re-directs it to go through Ghostscipt. CUPS accepts this,
-because the associated CUPS-O-Matic-/Foomatic-PPD carries a line
-reading
-
-   *cupsFilter:  "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 cupsomatic"
-
-This line persuades CUPS to hand the file to cupsomatic, once it
-has successfully converted it to the MIME type
-"application/vnd.cups-postscript". This conversion will not
-happen for Jobs arriving from Windows which are autotyped
-"application/octet-stream", with the according changes in
-"/etc/cups/mime.types" in place.
-
-See small drawings at the end...
-
-I am not a programmer, so please correct me if I am wrong.
-
- > With traditional lpr, you can just add "-oraw" to the "print command"
- > line in smb.conf.  With cups, you don't have that alternative.
-
-You *do* have it, I think.
-
-But you need to disable the settings "printing = cups" and "printcap =
-= cups" and use "printing = bsd" and "printcap = /etc/printcap"
-instead. [Additionally, you will probably have to enable and configure
-the CUPS mini-LPD daemon ("cups-lpd") run from inetd... but I have not
-checked, so take this item with a grain of salt and a proper dose of
-caution, please.]
-
- > The result is that to support both unix printing and native-driver
- > Windows printing from CUPS, you have to have two logical printers per
- > physical printer: one ("cooked") for Unix clients and one ("raw") for
- > Samba to use.
-
-Yes, that is one current workaround, if you don't want the auto-typing
-of CUPS influencing Samba/Windows client PostScript jobs.
-
-CUPS is widely configurable and flexible, even regarding its filtering
-mechanism. Another workaround in some situations would be to have
-lines in "/etc/cups/mime.types" saying
-
-   application/postscript           application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
-   application/vnd.cups-postscript  application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
-
-This would prevent all Postscript files to be filtered (or rather, they
-will go thru the virtual "nullfilter" denoted with "-". (This could only
-be useful for PS printers, or if you want to print PS code on non-PS
-printers   ;-)
-
-A single line of
-
-   */*           application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
-
-would effectively send *all* files towards the backend immediately
-(good luck!)
-
-Last, you could have the following (without the need for a Samba
-patch):
-
-   application/vnd.cups-postscript  application/vnd.cups-raw  0  my_PJL_stripping_filter
-
-You'd need to write a "my_PJL_stripping_filter" (could be a shellscript)
-which parses the PostScript and removes the undesired PJL. This would
-need to conform to CUPS filter design (mainly, receive and pass the
-parameters printername, job-id, username, jobtitle, copies, printoptions
-and possibly the filename). It would just go as world executably into
-"/usr/lib/cups/filters/" and work from there, called by cups if it
-encounters a MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript"
-
- > The attached patch allows you to specify an option string for cups
- > printers in smb.conf.
-
-I think your patch is in any case very useful (if it works as
-advertised  ;-).  It is the most generic, simple and flexible
-approach to complement CUPS.
-
- > So, if you want to use native Windows drivers,
- > all you need is
- >
- >         cups printer options = raw
- >
- > in smb.conf.  You can add any other options that cups and the printer
- > understand.
-
-Now this last sentence makes me very curious. Do you mean you can add
-*multiple* options to this directive? Which syntax would be required
-for this ?  (Some CUPS options are specified by an "-o option=value"
-pair on the commandline, some are single values, like the "-o raw"
-one...)
-
-I am thinking on one specific usage now:
-
------------------------------------------------------------------------
--> passing any available IPP job attribute to the printer / the spooler
------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-For example, CUPS can handle "-o job-hold-until=indefinite". This
-keeps the job in the queue "on hold". It will only be printed upon
-manual release by the printer operator. This is a requirement in
-many "central reproduction departments", where a few operators
-manage the jobs of hundreds of users on some big machine, where no
-user is allowed to have direct access. (The operators often need to
-load the proper paper type before running the 10.000 page job
-requested by marketing for the mailing, etc.).
-
-A lot more useful applications come to mind, if I could pass
-"any other options that cups and the printer understand" via
-the smb.conf directive!!
-
-Thanks a lot!
-
-Cheers,
-Kurt
-
-P.S.: List, please give me some feedback, if you think this type of
-       explanation could be useful in the Samba HOWTO Collection. In
-       that case, I'll try to write it up in a nicer form.
-
-
-#########################################################################
-#
-# CUPS in and of itself has this (general) filter chain (CAPITAL
-# letters are FILE-FORMATS or MIME types, other are filters (this is
-# true for pre-1.1.15 of pre-4.3 versions of CUPS and ESP PrintPro):
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     pstoraster   # as shipped with CUPS, independent from any Ghostscipt
-#      |           # installation on the system
-#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     rasterto<something>  (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here)
-#      |   (= "raster driver")
-#      |
-#      V
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     backend
-#
-#
-# ESP PrintPro has some enhanced "rasterto<something>" filters as compared to
-# CUPS, and also a somewhat improved "pstoraster" filter.
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# This is how "cupsomatic" comes into play:
-# =========================================
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+
-#      |                                          |
-#      |                                          V
-#      V                                         cupsomatic
-#    pstoraster                                  (constructs complicated
-#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")            Ghostscript commandline
-#      |                                         to let the file be
-#      V                                         processed by a
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER                    "-sDEVICE=<s.th.>"
-#      |                                         call...)
-#      |                                          |
-#      V                                          |
-#    rasterto<something>                          V
-#      |    (= "raster driver")     +-------------------------+
-#      |                            | Ghostscript at work.... |
-#      V                            |                         |
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC         *-------------------------+
-#      |                                          |
-#      |                                          |
-#      V                                          |
-#    backend <------------------------------------+
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    THE PRINTER
-#
-#
-#
-# Note, that cupsomatic "kidnaps" the printfile after the
-# "APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRPT" stage and deviates it through
-# the CUPS-external, systemwide Ghostscript installation, bypassing the
-# "pstoraster" filter (therefor also bypassing the CUPS-raster-drivers
-# "rasterto<something>", and hands the rasterized file directly to the CUPS
-# backend...
-#
-# cupsomatic is not made by the CUPS developers. It is an independent
-# contribution to printing development, made by people from
-# Linuxprinting.org. (see also http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html)
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# And this is how it works for ESP PrintPro from 4.3:
-# ===================================================
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     gsrip
-#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     rasterto<something>  (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here)
-#      |   (= "raster driver")
-#      |
-#      V
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     backend
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# This is how "cupsomatic" would come into play with ESP PrintPro:
-# ================================================================
-#
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+
-#      |                                          |
-#      |                                          V
-#      V                                         cupsomatic
-#    gsrip                                       (constructs complicated
-#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")            Ghostscript commandline
-#      |                                         to let the file be
-#      V                                         processed by a
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER                    "-sDEVICE=<s.th.>"
-#      |                                         call...)
-#      |                                          |
-#      V                                          |
-#    rasterto<something>                          V
-#      |   (= "raster driver")      +-------------------------+
-#      |                            | Ghostscript at work.... |
-#      V                            |                         |
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC         *-------------------------+
-#      |                                          |
-#      |                                          |
-#      V                                          |
-#    backend <------------------------------------+
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#    THE PRINTER
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15:
-# ==============================================
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+
-#                                     |
-#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
-#                  | Ghostscript                                     |
-#                  | at work...                                      |
-#                  | (with                                           |
-#                  | "-sDEVICE=cups")                                |
-#                  |                                                 |
-#                  |         (= "postscipt interpreter")             |
-#                  |                                                 |
-#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
-#                                     |
-#                                     |
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER <-------+
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     rasterto<something>
-#      |   (= "raster driver")
-#      |
-#      V
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     backend
-#
-#
-# NOTE: since version 1.1.15 CUPS "outsourced" the pstoraster process to
-#       Ghostscript. GNU Ghostscript needs to be patched to handle the
-#       CUPS requirement; ESP Ghostscript has this builtin. In any case,
-#       "gs -h" needs to show up a "cups" device. pstoraster is now a
-#       calling an appropriate "gs -sDEVICE=cups..." commandline to do
-#       the job. It will output "application/vnd.cup-raster", which will
-#       be finally processed by a CUPS raster driver "rasterto<something>"
-#       Note the difference to "cupsomatic", which will *not* output
-#       CUPS-raster, but a final version of the printfile, ready to be
-#       sent to the printer. cupsomatic also doesn't use the "cups"
-#       devicemode in Ghostscript, but one of the classical devicemodes....
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-#########################################################################
-#
-# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15, with cupsomatic included:
-# ========================================================================
-#
-# <SOMETHNG>-FILEFORMAT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     <something>tops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     pstops
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+
-#                                     |
-#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
-#                  | Ghostscript        . Ghostscript at work....    |
-#                  | at work...         . (with "-sDEVICE=           |
-#                  | (with              .            <s.th.>"        |
-#                  | "-sDEVICE=cups")   .                            |
-#                  |                    .                            |
-#                  | (CUPS standard)    .      (cupsomatic)          |
-#                  |                    .                            |
-#                  |          (= "postscript interpreter")           |
-#                  |                    .                            |
-#                  +------------------v--------------v---------------+
-#                                     |              |
-#                                     |              |
-# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER <-------+              |
-#      |                                             |
-#      |                                             |
-#      V                                             |
-#     rasterto<something>                            |
-#      |   (= "raster driver")                       |
-#      |                                             |
-#      V                                             |
-# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC <------------------------+
-#      |
-#      |
-#      V
-#     backend
-#
-#
-# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
-#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<something> is noted.
-#
-##########################################################################
-
-I hope this helps more people understand how CUPS works and how they
-can possibly tweak it to their needs.
-
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 2 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: Print Drivers and Devices with CUPS
-============================================
-
-CUPS ships a well-working Laserjet driver. Install it (as root) with
-
-    "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd"
-
-(The "-m" switch will retrieve the "laserjet.ppd" from the standard repository
-for not-yet-installed-PPDs, which CUPS keeps at "/usr/share/cups/model/". Alter-
-natively, you may use "-P /absolute/filesystem/path/to/where/there/is/PPD/your.ppd")
-
-You didn't state if the print system is working on the Linux side of things.
-Even if it does -- to print from Windows, involves some more steps....
-
-But let me first point out some more general things about printer "drivers"
-for Linux/Unix (yes, and for Mac OS X now!), be it you use CUPS or one of
-the venerable (I'd even call them "ancient" and "rusty" now...) printing
-systems.
-
-You  -- and everybody else, for that matter --  should always also consult the
-database on linuxprinting.org for all recommendations about "which driver
-is best used for which printer":
-
-   http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi
-
-There select your model and click on "Show". You'll arrive at a page listing
-all drivers working with your model. There will always be *one* "recommended"
-one. Try this one first. In your case ("HP LaserJet 4 Plus"), you'll arrive
-here:
-
-   http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104
-
-The recommended driver is "ljet4". It has a link to the page for the ljet4
-driver too:
-
-   http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4
-
-On the driver's page, you'll find various important and detailed infos about
-how to use that driver within various spoolers. You can generate a PPD for
-CUPS. The PPD contains all the info about how to use your model and the driver;
-this is, once installed, working transparently for the user -- you'll only
-need to choose resolution, paper size etc. from the web-based menu or from
-the print dialog GUI or from the commandline...
-
-On the driver's page, choose to use the "PPD-O-Matic" online PPD generator
-program. Select your model and click "Generate PPD file". When you safe the
-appearing ASCII text file, don't use "cut'n'past" (as it will possible corrupt
-line endings and tabs), but use "Save as..." in your browser's menu. Save it
-at "/some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"
-
-Then install the printer:
-
-    "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"
-
-Note, that for all the "Foomatic-PPDs" from Linuxprinting.org, you also need
-a special "CUPS filter" named "cupsomatic". Get the latest version of
-"cupsomatic" from
-
-     http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic
-
-This needs to be copied to "/usr/lib/cups/filter/cupsomatic" and be made world
-executable. This filter is needed to read and act upon the specially encoded
-Foomatic comments, embedded in the printfile, which in turn are used to
-construct (transparently for you, the user) the complicated ghostscript command
-line needed for your printer/driver combo.
-
-You can have a look at all the options for the Ghostscript commandline supported
-by your printer and the ljet4 driver by going to the section "Execution details",
-selecting your model (Laserjet 4 Plus) and clicking on "Show execution details".
-This will bring up this web page:
-
-    http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=75104&.submit=Show+execution+details
-
-The ingenious thing is this: the database is kept very current. If there
-is a bug fix and an improvement somewhere in the database, you will
-always get the most current and stable and feature-rich driver by following
-the steps described above... Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft is doing an
-excellent job here, and too few people still know about it. (So if you use
-it often, please send him a note of your appreciation sometime...)
-
-(The latest and greatest improvement now is support for "custom page sizes"
-for all those printers which support it...)
-
-"cupsomatic" is documented here:
-
-    http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html
-
-More printing tutorial info may be found here:
-
-    http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/
-
-Note, that *all* the Foomatic drivers listed on Linuxprinting.org (now
-approaching the "all-time high" number of 1.000 for the supported models)
-are using a special filtering chain involving Ghostscript, as described
-in great detail in the Samba CVS sources (for 2.2.x) in
-
-    docs/textdocs/CUPS-PrintingInfo.txt
-
-To sum it up:
-
-* having a "foomatic+<something>" PPD is not enough to print with CUPS
-   (but it is *one* important component)
-* you also need the "cupsomatic" filter script (Perl) in "/usr/lib/cups/filters/"
-* you need Perl to make cupsomatic run
-* you also need Ghostscript (because it is called and controlled by the
-   PPD/cupsomatic combo in a way to fit your printermodel/driver combo...)
-* your Ghostscript *must*, depending on the driver/model, contain support
-   for a certain "device" (as shown by "gs -h")
-
-In the case of the "hpijs" driver, you need a Ghostscript version, which
-is showing a "ijs" amongst its supported devices in "gs -h". In the case of
-"hpijs+foomatic", a valid ghostscript commandline would be reading like this:
-
-       gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ijs       \
-             -sIjsServer=hpijs<PageSize> -dDuplex=<Duplex> <Model>        \
-             -r<Resolution>,PS:MediaPosition=<InputSlot> -dIjsUseOutputFD \
-             -sOutputFile=- -
-
-Note, that with CUPS and the "hpijs+foomatic" PPD (plus Perl and cupsomatic)
-you don't need to remember this. You can choose the available print options
-thru a GUI print command (like "glp" from ESP's commercially supported
-PrintPro software, or KDE's "kprinter", or GNOME's "gtklp" or the independent
-"xpp") or the CUPS web interface via human-readable drop-down selection
-menus.....
-
-If you use "ESP Ghostscript" (also under the GPL, provided by Easy Software
-Products, the makers of CUPS, downloadable from http://www.cups.org/software.html,
-co-maintained by the developers of linuxprinting.org), you are guaranteed to
-have in use the most uptodate, bug-fixed, enhanced and stable version of a Free
-Ghostscript. It contains support for ~300 devices, whereas plain vanilla
-GNU Ghostscript 7.05 only has ~200....
-
->>/ However, I can only print a Cups test page, from the web interface. when I
-/>>/ try to print a windows test page, it acts like the job was never sent.
-/
-  * Can you print "standard" jobs from the CUPS machine?
-
-  * Are the jobs from Windows visible in the Web interface on CUPS
-    (http://localhost:631/)?
-
-*Most important:* What kind of printer driver are you using on the Windows clients???
-
-You can try to get a more detailed debugging info by setting "LogLevel debug" in
-"/etc/cups/cupsd.conf", re-start cupsd and investigate "/var/log/cups/error_log"
-for the whereabouts of your Windows-originating printjobs:
-
-   * what does the "auto-typing" line say? which is the "MIME type" CUPS thinks
-     is arriving from the Windows clients?
-   * are there "filter" available for this MIME type?
-   * are there "filter rules" defined in "/etc/cups/mime.convs" for this MIME type?
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 3 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: Printer Drivers
-========================
-
->> Where can I find a program or how can I configure my samba server in order
->> to limit the number of pages to be printed by users.
-
-The feature you want is dependent on the real print subsystem
-you're using. Samba's part is always to receive the job files
-from the clients (filtered *or* unfiltered) and hand it over
-to this printing subsystem.
-
-Of course one could "hack" things with one's own scripts.
-
-But there is CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). CUPS supports "quotas".
-Quotas can be based on sizes of jobs or on the number of pages or both,
-and are spanning any time period you want.
-
-This is an example command how root would set a print quota in CUPS,
-assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter":
-
-  lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 -o job-page-limit=100
-
-This would limit every single user to print 100 pages or 1024 KB of
-data (whichever comes first) within the last 604.800 seconds ( = 1 week).
-
-For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS
-"pstops" filter, otherwise it uses a "dummy" count of "1". (Some
-printfiles don't pass it -- f.e. image files -- but then those are
-mostly 1 page jobs anyway). This also means, proprietary drivers for
-the target printer running on the client computers and CUPS/Samba
-then spooling these files as "raw" (i.e. leaving them untouched, not
-filtering them), will be counted as "1-pagers" too!
-
-You need to send PostScript from the clients (i.e. run a PostScript
-driver there) for having the chance to get accounting done. If the
-printer is a non-PostScript model, you need to let CUPS do the job to
-convert the file to a print-ready format for the target printer. This
-will be working for currently ~1.000 different printer models, see
-
-     http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi
-
-Before CUPS-1.1.16 your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript
-Driver on the Windows clients. The output of this driver was not always
-passed thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and therefor was
-not counted correctly (the reason is that it often --- depending on the
-"PPD" being used --- did write a "PJL"-header in front of the real
-PostScript which made CUPS to skip the pstops and go directy to
-the "pstoraster" stage).
-
- From CUPS-1.1.16 onward you can use the "CUPS PostScript Driver
-for Windows NT/2K/XP clients" (it is tagged in the download area of
-http://www.cups.org/ as the "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz" package).
-It is *not* working for Win9x/ME clients. But it....
-
-   ...it guarantees to not write an PJL-header;
-   ...it guarantees to still read and support all PJL-options named
-      in the driver PPD with its own means;
-   ...it guarantees the file going thru the "pstops" filter on the
-      CUPS/Samba server;
-   ...it guarantees to page-count correctly the printfile...
-
-You can read more about the setup of this combination in the
-manpage for "cupsaddsmb" (only present with CUPS installed, only
-current with CUPS 1.1.16).
-
-These are the items CUPS logs in the "page_log" for every single
-*page* of a job:
-
-* Printer name
-* User name
-* Job ID
-* Time of printing
-* the page number
-* the number of copies
-* a billing info string (optional)
-
-Here is an extract of my CUPS server's page_log file to illustrate
-the format and included items:
-
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 1 2  #marketing
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 2 2  #marketing
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 3 2  #marketing
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 4 2  #marketing
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 5 2  #marketing
-infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 6 2  #marketing
-
-This was Job ID "40", printed on "infotec_IS2027" by user "kurt",
-a 6-page job printed in 2 copies and billed to "#marketing"...
-
-Which flaws or shortcomings are there?
-
-  * the ones named above;
-  * CUPS really counts the job pages being *processsed in software*
-    (going thru the "RIP") rather than the physical sheets successfully
-    leaving the printing device -- if there is a jam while printing
-    the 5th sheet out of 1000 and the job is aborted by the printer,
-    the "page count" will still show the figure of 1000 for that
-    job;
-  * all quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility to
-    give the boss a higher quota than the clerk)
-  * no support for groups;
-  * no means to read out the current balance or "used-up"
-    number of current quota;
-  * a user having used up 99 sheets of 100 quota will still be
-    able to send and print a 1.000 sheet job;
-  * a user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota
-    doesn't get a meaningful error message from CUPS other than
-    "client-error-not-possible".
-
-But this is the best system out there currently. And there are
-huge improvements under development:
-
---> page counting will go into the "backends" (these talk directly
-     to the printer and will increase the count in sync with the
-     actual printing process  -- a jam at the 5th sheet will lead
-     to a stop in the counting...)
-
---> quotas will be handled more flexibly;
-
---> probably there will be support for users to inquire their
-     "accounts" in advance;
-
---> probably there will be support for some other tools around
-     this topic...
-
-Other than the current stage of the CUPS development, I don't
-know any other ready-to-use tool which you could consider.
-
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 4 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: More on CUPS Print Drivers
-===================================
-
->> If you could get around the EULA, then you could package preinitialized 
->> drivers and write the information to smbd's tdbs.  We have support for 
->> storing driver initialization data already.
-> 
-> Have you heard that you can get CUPS printer drivers exactly for that
-> from cups.org? If they are good drivers, this could be very interesting.
-
-Hi, all,
-
-I'll give you some more info about the PostScript driver Volker mentioned
-above here as a reference. (Maybe one day before the 3.0 release it will
-end up as a worked-out paragraph inside the HOWTO collection):
-
-You can download the driver files from http://www.cups.org/software.html. It
-is a separate package from the CUPS base software files, tagged as "CUPS 1.1.16
-Windows NT/2k/XP Printer Driver for SAMBA (tar.gz, 192k)". The filename to
-download is "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz". Upon untar-/unzip-ping it will reveal
-the files
-
-   cups-samba.install
-   cups-samba.license
-   cups-samba.readme
-   cups-samba.remove
-   cups-samba.ss
-
-These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The
-*.install and *.remove files are simple shell script, which untars the
-*.ss (which is nothing else than a tar-archive) and puts its contents
-into "/usr/share/cups/drivers/". Its contents are 3 files:
-
-   cupsdrvr.dll
-   cupsui.dll
-   cups.hlp
-
-[ ATTENTION: due to a bug the current release puts the "cups.hlp" into
-   "/usr/share/drivers/" instead of "/usr/share/cups/drivers/". To work
-   around this, copy/move the file after running the "./cups-samba.install"
-   script manually to the right place:
-
-      "cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/" ]
-
-This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary-only, but free (as in
-free beer); no source code is provided (yet). The reason is this: it has
-been developed with the help of the Microsoft Driver Developer Kit (DDK)
-and compiled with Microsoft Visual Studio 6. It is not clear to the driver
-developers if they are allowed to distribute the whole of the source code
-as Free Software. However, they will likely release the "diff" in source
-code under the GPL, so anybody with a license of Visual Studio and a DDK
-will be able to compile for him/herself.
-
-Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually moved the
-"cups.hlp" file to "/usr/share/cups/drivers/"), the driver is ready to be
-put into Samba's [print$] share (which often maps to "/etc/samba/drivers/"
-and contains a subdir tree with WIN40 and W32X86 branches), by running
-"cupsaddsmb" (see also "man cupsaddsmb" for CUPS 1.1.16). [Don't forget to
-put root into the smbpasswd file by running "smbpasswd" should you run
-this whole procedure for the first time.] Once the driver files are in the
-[print$] share, they are ready to be downloaded and installed by the
-Win NT/2k/XP clients.
-
-NOTE 1: Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd
-         still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously.
-
-NOTE 2: It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from
-         previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory.
-         The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the
-         "newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers).
-
-NOTE 3: Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the
-         Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation
-         of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail
-         at first.
-         It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files
-         will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to
-         re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver
-         files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via
-         "Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click
-         onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A
-         new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select
-         the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button.
-         (This will only work if there is no single printer left which
-         uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers
-         using this driver in the "Printers" folder first...)
-
-NOTE 4: Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver
-         to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one
-         by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO
-         Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer....
-
-
-What are the benefits with the "CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP"
-as compared to the Adobe drivers?
-
-* no hassle with the Adobe EULA; no hassle with the question "where do I
-   get the ADOBE*.* driver files from?"
-
-* the Adobe drivers (depending on the printer PPD associated with them)
-   often put a PJL header in front of the core PostScript part of the print
-   file (thus the file starts with "<1B>%-12345X" or "<escape>%-12345X"
-   instead of "%!PS"). This leads to the CUPS daemon autotyping the
-   arriving file as a print-ready file, not requiring a pass thru the
-   "pstops" filter (to speak more technical, it is not regarded as the
-   generic MIME type "application/postscript", but as the more special
-   MIME type "application/cups.vnd-postscript"), which therefore also
-   leads to the page accounting in "/var/log/cups/page_log" not receiving
-   the exact mumber of pages; instead the dummy page number of "1" is
-   logged in a standard setup...)
-
-* the Adobe driver has more options to "mis-configure" the PostScript
-   generated by it (like setting it inadvertedly to "Optimize for Speed",
-   instead of "Optimize for Portability", which could lead to CUPS being
-   unable to process it....)
-
-* the CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows clients to the CUPS
-   server will be guaranteed to be auto-typed as generic MIME type
-   "application/postscript", thusly passing thru the CUPS "pstops" filter
-   and logging the correct number of pages in the page_log for accounting
-   and quota purposes...
-
-* the CUPS PostScript driver supports the sending of additional print
-   options by the Win NT/2k/XP clients, such as naming the CUPS standard
-   banner pages (or the custom ones, should they be installed at the time
-   of driver download), using the CUPS "page-label" option, setting a
-   job-priority and setting the scheduled time of printing (with the option
-   to support additional useful IPP job attributes in the future).
-
-* the CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of the new
-   "*cupsJobTicket" comments at the beginnig of the PostScript file (which
-   could be used in the future for all sort of beneficial extensions on
-   the CUPS side, but which will not disturb any other application as those
-   will regard it as a comment and simply ignore it).
-
-* the CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the fully fledged CUPS
-   IPP client for Windows NT/2k/XP to be released soon (probably alongside
-   the first Beta release for CUPS 1.2).
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 5 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: Printing with Bells and Whistles
-=========================================
-
-May I suggest a radically different approach to your problem?
-
-* Let the Windows Clients use a PostScript driver, to produce
-   PostScript as their print output sent towards the Samba print
-   server (just like any Linux or Unix Client would also use
-   PostScript to send to the server...)
-
-* make the Unix printing subsystem which is underneath Samba
-   convert the incoming PostScript files to the native print
-   format of the target printers (would likely be PCL?
-   I understand you have mainly HP models?)
-
-* You're afraid, that this would just mean a *Generic* PostScript
-   driver for the clients? With no Simplex/Duplex selection,
-   no paper tray choice? But you need them to be able to set up
-   their jobs, ringing all the bells and whistles of the printers?
-
-   --> Not possible with traditional spooling systems!
-
-   --> But perfectly supported by CUPS (which uses "PPD" files to
-       describe how to control the print options for PostScript and
-       non-PostScript devices alike...
-
-   CUPS PPDs are working perfectly on Windows
-   clients who use Adobe PostScript drivers (or the new CUPS
-   PostScript driver for Windows NT/2K/XP). Clients can use
-   them to setup the job to their liking and CUPS will use
-   the received job options to make the (PCL-, ESC/P- or
-   PostScript-) printer behave as required.
-
-* You want to have the additional benefit of page count logging
-   and accounting? In this case the CUPS PostScript driver
-   is the best choice (better than the Adobe one).
-
-* You want to make the drivers downloadable for the clients?
-   "cupsaddsmb" is your friend. It will setup the [print$]
-   share on the Samba host to be ready to serve the clients
-   for a "point and print" driver installation...
-
-"What strings are attached?", I hear you asking...
-
-You are right, there are some. But, given the sheer CPU power
-you can buy nowadays in German supermarkets, these can be
-overcome easily.
-
-The strings: Well, if the
-CUPS/Samba side will have to print a *lot* onto 40 printers
-serving 500 users, you probably will need to set up a second
-server (which can do automatic load balancing with the first
-one, plus a degree of fail-over mechanism). Converting the
-incoming PostScript jobs, "interpreting" them for
-non-PostScript printers, amounts to the work of a "RIP"
-(Raster Image Processor) done in software. This requires
-more CPU and RAM than for the mere "raw spooling" task
-your current setup is solving... It all depends on the
-avarage and peak printing load the server should be
-able to handle....
-
-==============================================================================
-<<< EXTANT 6 >>>
-==============================================================================
-Subject: Deletion of CUPS spool files
-=====================================
-
-From samba-technical-admin@lists.samba.org  Thu Dec  5 17:18:48 2002
-Zdenek Niederle wrote on Samba-digest:
-
-> Message: 1
-> From: Zdenek Niederle <zniederle@collicutt.com>
-> Organization: Collicutt Hanover
-> To: samba-technical@lists.samba.org
-> Subject: Clean up of spool files
-> Date: Wed, 4 Dec 2002 15:13:15 -0700
-> 
-> I'm using Samba 2.2.5 and CUPS to handle printing on our network.  
-> Unfortunately, the smbprn.xxxxxx spool files are not being cleaned up and 
-> instead are quickly filling the spool directory.  Is their a setting or 
-> option to ensure the files are cleaned up once sent to the printer?  I am 
-> aware that using a cron job would work but this can't be the best solution.
-> 
-> Thanks.
-
-
-Hi, Zdenek,
-
-you need to be aware, that the Samba print files pass thru 2
-different "spool" directories. Once the incoming directory
-managed by Samba, (set f.e. in the "path = /var/spool/samba"
-directive in the [printers] section of "smb.conf"). Second is
-the spool directory of your UNIX print subsystem. For CUPS it is
-normally "/var/spool/cups/", as set by the cupsd.conf directive
-"RequestRoot /var/spool/cups".
-
-I am not sure, which one of your directories keeps the files.
- From what you say, it is most likely the Samba part.
-
-For the CUPS part, you may want to consult:
-
-   http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobFiles and
-   http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobHistory and
-   http://localhost:631/sam.html#MaxJobs
-
-There are the settings described for your CUPS daemon, which
-could lead to completed job files not being deleted.
-
-"PreserveJobHistory Yes" -- keeps some details of jobs in
-cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "c12345", "c12346" etc. files
-in the CUPS spool directory, which do a similar job as the
-old-fashioned BSD-LPD control files). This is set to "Yes"
-as a default.
-
-"PreserveJobFiles Yes" -- keeps the job files themselves in
-cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "d12345", "d12346" etc. files
-in the CUPS spool directory...). This is set to "No" as the
-CUPS default.
-
-"MaxJobs 500" -- this directive controls the maximum number
-of jobs that are kept in memory. Once the number of jobs
-reaches the limit, the oldest completed job is automatically
-purged from the system to make room for the new one. If all
-of the known jobs are still pending or active then the new
-job will be rejected. Setting the maximum to 0 disables this
-functionality. The default setting is 0.
-
-(There are also additional settings for "MaxJobsPerUser" and
-"MaxJobsPerPrinter"...)
-
-For everything to work as announced, you need to have three
-things:
-
-   * a Samba-smbd which is compiled against "libcups" (Check
-     on Linux by running "ldd `which smbd`")
-
-   * a Samba-smb.conf setting of "printing = cups"
-
-   * another Samba-smb.conf setting of "printcap = cups"
-
-Note, that in this case all other manually set printing-related
-commands (like "print command", "lpq command", "lprm command",
-"lppause command" or "lpresume command") are ignored and they
-should normally have no influence what-so-ever on your printing.
-
-If you want to do things manually, replace the "printing = cups"
-by "printing = bsd". Then your manually set commands may work
-(haven't tested this), and a "print command = lp -d %P %s; rm %s"
-may do what you need.
-
-You forgot to mention the CUPS version you're using. If you did
-set things up as described in the man pages, then the Samba
-spool files should be deleted. Otherwise it may be a bug. On
-the CUPS side, you can control the behaviour as described
-above.
-
-If you have more problems, post the output of these commands:
-
-   grep -v ^# /etc/cups/cupsd.conf | grep -v ^$
-   grep -v ^# /etc/samba/smb.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "^;"
-
-(adapt paths as needed). These commands sanitize the files
-and cut out the empty lines and lines with comments, providing
-the "naked settings" in a compact way.
-
-Cheers,
-Kurt
-