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authorJelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org>2003-08-11 01:41:56 +0000
committerJelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org>2003-08-11 01:41:56 +0000
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Update upgrading docs
(This used to be commit cd81eaaf2d2bc407a4f9d037fedaa7eb82abcc65)
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@@ -1,63 +1,571 @@
<chapter id="upgrading-to-3.0">
<chapterinfo>
&author.jelmer;
- <pubdate>25 October 2002</pubdate>
+ &author.jht;
+ &author.jerry;
+ <pubdate>June 30, 2003</pubdate>
</chapterinfo>
<title>Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0</title>
+
<sect1>
-<title>Charsets</title>
+<title>New Features in Samba-3</title>
-<para>You might experience problems with special characters
-when communicating with old DOS clients. Codepage
-support has changed in samba 3.0. Read the chapter
-<link linkend="unicode">Unicode support</link> for details.
+<para>
+Major new features:
</para>
-</sect1>
+<orderedlist numberation="arabic">
+ <listitem><para>
+ Active Directory support. This release is able to join a ADS realm
+ as a member server and authenticate users using LDAP/kerberos.
+ </para></listitem>
-<sect1>
-<title>Obsolete configuration options</title>
+ <listitem><para>
+ Unicode support. Samba will now negotiate UNICODE on the wire and
+ internally there is now a much better infrastructure for multi-byte
+ and UNICODE character sets.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ New authentication system. The internal authentication system has
+ been almost completely rewritten. Most of the changes are internal,
+ but the new auth system is also very configurable.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ New filename mangling system. The filename mangling system has been
+ completely rewritten. An internal database now stores mangling maps
+ persistently. This needs lots of testing.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ New "net" command. A new "net" command has been added. It is
+ somewhat similar to the "net" command in windows. Eventually we
+ plan to replace a bunch of other utilities (such as smbpasswd)
+ with subcommands in "net", at the moment only a few things are
+ implemented.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Samba now negotiates NT-style status32 codes on the wire. This
+ improves error handling a lot.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Better Windows 2000/XP/2003 printing support including publishing
+ printer attributes in active directory
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ New loadable RPC modules
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ New dual-daemon winbindd support (-B) for better performance
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Support for migrating from a Windows NT 4.0 domain to a Samba
+ domain and maintaining user, group and domain SIDs
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Support for establishing trust relationships with Windows NT 4.0
+ domain controllers
+ </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>
+ Initial support for a distributed Winbind architecture using
+ an LDAP directory for storing SID to uid/gid mappings
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Major updates to the Samba documentation tree.
+ </para></listitem>
+</orderedlist>
<para>
-In 3.0, the following configuration options have been removed.
+Plus lots of other improvements!
</para>
-<simplelist>
-<member>printer driver (replaced by new driver procedures) </member>
-<member>printer driver file (replaced by new driver procedures)</member>
-<member>printer driver location (replaced by new driver procedures)</member>
-<member>use rhosts</member>
-<member>postscript</member>
-<member>client code page (replaced by dos charset)</member>
-<member>vfs path</member>
-<member>vfs options</member>
-</simplelist>
</sect1>
<sect1>
-<title>Password Backend</title>
+<title>Configuration Parameter Changes</title>
<para>
-Effective with the release of samba-3 it is now imperative that the password backend
-be correctly defined in smb.conf.
+This section contains a brief listing of changes to smb.conf options
+in the 3.0.0 release. Please refer to the smb.conf(5) man page for
+complete descriptions of new or modified parameters.
</para>
-<para>
-Those migrating from samba-2.x with plaintext password support need the following:
-<emphasis>passdb backend = guest</emphasis>.
-</para>
+<sect2>
+<title>Removed Parameters</title>
-<para>
-Those migrating from samba-2.x with encrypted password support should add to smb.conf
-<emphasis>passdb backend = smbpasswd, guest</emphasis>.
-</para>
+<para>(order alphabetically):</para>
-<para>
-LDAP using Samba-2.x systems can continue to operate with the following entry
-<emphasis>passdb backend = ldapsam_compat, guest</emphasis>.
-</para>
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>admin log </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>alternate permissions </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>character set </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>client codepage </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>code page directory </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>coding system </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>domain admin group </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>domain guest group </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>force unknown acl user </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>nt smb support </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>post script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>printer driver </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>printer driver file </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>printer driver location </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>status </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>total print jobs </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>use rhosts </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>valid chars </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>vfs options </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2>
+<title>New Parameters</title>
+
+<para>(new parameters have been grouped by function):</para>
+
+<para>Remote management</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>abort shutdown script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>shutdown script </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>User and Group Account Management</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>add group script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>add machine script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>add user to group script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>algorithmic rid base </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>delete group script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>delete user from group script </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>passdb backend </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>set primary group script </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>Authentication</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>auth methods </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ads server </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>realm </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>Protocol Options</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>client lanman auth </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>client NTLMv2 auth </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>client schannel </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>client signing </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>client use spnego </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>disable netbios </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ntlm auth </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>paranoid server security </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>server schannel </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>smb ports </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>use spnego </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>File Service</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>get quota command </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>hide special files </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>hide unwriteable files </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>hostname lookups </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>kernel change notify </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>mangle prefix </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>msdfs proxy </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>set quota command </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>use sendfile </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>vfs objects </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>Printing</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>max reported print jobs </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+
+<para>UNICODE and Character Sets</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>display charset </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>dos charset </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>unicode </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>unix charset </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>SID to uid/gid Mappings</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>idmap backend </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>idmap gid </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>idmap only </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>idmap uid </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>LDAP</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>ldap delete dn </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap group suffix </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap idmap suffix </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap machine suffix </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap passwd sync </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap trust ids </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap user suffix </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+<para>General Configuration</para>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>preload modules </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>privatedir </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+<sect2>
+<title>Modified Parameters (changes in behavior):</title>
+
+<itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>encrypt passwords (enabled by default) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>mangling method (set to 'hash2' by default) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>passwd chat </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>passwd program </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>restrict anonymous (integer value) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>security (new 'ads' value) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>strict locking (enabled by default) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>winbind cache time (increased to 5 minutes) </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>winbind uid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap uid') </para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>winbind gid (deprecated in favor of 'idmap gid') </para></listitem>
+</itemizedlist>
+
+</sect2>
+
+</sect1>
+
+<sect1>
+<title>New Functionality</title>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Databases</title>
+
+ <para>
+ This section contains brief descriptions of any new databases
+ introduced in Samba 3.0. Please remember to backup your existing
+ ${lock directory}/*tdb before upgrading to Samba 3.0. Samba will
+ upgrade databases as they are opened (if necessary), but downgrading
+ from 3.0 to 2.2 is an unsupported path.
+ </para>
+
+
+ <table frame='all'><title>TDB File Descriptions</title>
+ <tgroup cols='3'>
+ <colspec align="left"/>
+ <colspec align="justify" width="1*"/>
+ <colspec align="left"/>
+ <thead>
+ <row>
+ <entry align="left">Name</entry>
+ <entry align="justify">Description</entry>
+ <entry align="center">Backup?</entry>
+ </row>
+ </thead>
+ <tbody>
+ <row>
+ <entry>account_policy</entry>
+ <entry>User policy settings</entry>
+ <entry>yes</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>gencache</entry>
+ <entry>Generic caching db</entry>
+ <entry>no</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>group_mapping</entry>
+ <entry><para>Mapping table from Windows groups/SID to unix groups</para></entry>
+ <entry>yes</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>idmap</entry>
+ <entry><para>new ID map table from SIDS to UNIX uids/gids</para></entry>
+ <entry>yes</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>namecache</entry>
+ <entry>Name resolution cache entries</entry>
+ <entry>no</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>netlogon_unigrp</entry>
+ <entry><para>Cache of universal group membership obtained when operating
+ as a member of a Windows domain</para></entry>
+ <entry>no</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+ <entry>printing/*.tdb</entry>
+ <entry><para>Cached output from 'lpq command' created on a per print
+ service basis</para></entry>
+ <entry>no</entry>
+ </row>
+ <row>
+
+ <entry>registry</entry>
+ <entry><para>Read-only samba registry skeleton that provides support for
+ exporting various db tables via the winreg RPCs</para></entry>
+ <entry>no</entry>
+ </row>
+ </tbody>
+ </tgroup>
+ </table>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Changes in Behavior</title>
+
+ <para>
+ The following issues are known changes in behavior between Samba 2.2 and
+ Samba 3.0 that may affect certain installations of Samba.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem><para>
+ When operating as a member of a Windows domain, Samba 2.2 would
+ map any users authenticated by the remote DC to the 'guest account'
+ if a uid could not be obtained via the getpwnam() call. Samba 3.0
+ rejects the connection as NT_STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE. There is no
+ current work around to re-establish the 2.2 behavior.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ When adding machines to a Samba 2.2 controlled domain, the
+ 'add user script' was used to create the UNIX identity of the
+ machine trust account. Samba 3.0 introduces a new 'add machine
+ script' that must be specified for this purpose. Samba 3.0 will
+ not fall back to using the 'add user script' in the absence of
+ an 'add machine script'
+ </para></listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Charsets</title>
+
+ <para>
+ You might experience problems with special characters when communicating with old DOS
+ clients. Codepage support has changed in samba 3.0. Read the chapter
+ <link linkend="unicode">Unicode support</link> for details.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Passdb Backends and Authentication</title>
+
+ <para>
+ There have been a few new changes that Samba administrators should be
+ aware of when moving to Samba 3.0.
+ </para>
+
+ <orderedlist>
+ <listitem><para>
+ Encrypted passwords have been enabled by default in order to
+ inter-operate better with out-of-the-box Windows client
+ installations. This does mean that either (a) a samba account
+ must be created for each user, or (b) 'encrypt passwords = no'
+ must be explicitly defined in smb.conf.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ Inclusion of new <parameter>security = ads</parameter> option for integration
+ with an Active Directory domain using the native Windows
+ Kerberos 5 and LDAP protocols.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </orderedlist>
+
+ <para>
+ Samba 3.0 also includes the possibility of setting up chains
+ of authentication methods
+ (<parameter>auth methods</parameter>) and account
+ storage backends
+ (<parameter>passdb backend</parameter>).
+ Please refer to the &smb.conf;
+ man page and <link linkend="passdb"/> for details. While both parameters assume sane default
+ values, it is likely that you will need to understand what the
+ values actually mean in order to ensure Samba operates correctly.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Certain functions of the smbpasswd(8) tool have been split between the
+ new smbpasswd(8) utility, the net(8) tool, and the new pdbedit(8)
+ utility. See the respective man pages for details.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>Charsets</title>
+
+ <para>
+ You might experience problems with special characters when communicating with old DOS
+ clients. Codepage support has changed in samba 3.0. Read the chapter
+ <link linkend="unicode">Unicode support</link> for details.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect2>
+
+ <sect2>
+ <title>LDAP</title>
+
+ <para>
+ This section outlines the new features affecting Samba / LDAP integration.
+ </para>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>New Schema</title>
+
+ <para>
+ A new object class (sambaSamAccount) has been introduced to replace
+ the old sambaAccount. This change aids us in the renaming of attributes
+ to prevent clashes with attributes from other vendors. There is a
+ conversion script (examples/LDAP/convertSambaAccount) to modify and LDIF
+ file to the new schema.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Example:
+ </para>
+ <para><screen>
+ $ ldapsearch .... -b "ou=people,dc=..." &gt; old.ldif
+ $ convertSambaAccount &lt;DOM SID&gt; old.ldif new.ldif
+ </screen></para>
+
+ <para>
+ The &lt;DOM SID&gt; can be obtained by running 'net getlocalsid &lt;DOMAINNAME&gt;
+ on the Samba PDC as root.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ The old sambaAccount schema may still be used by specifying the
+ "ldapsam_compat" passdb backend. However, the sambaAccount and
+ associated attributes have been moved to the historical section of
+ the schema file and must be uncommented before use if needed.
+ The 2.2 object class declaration for a sambaAccount has not changed
+ in the 3.0 samba.schema file.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Other new object classes and their uses include:
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>
+ sambaDomain - domain information used to allocate rids
+ for users and groups as necessary. The attributes are added
+ in 'ldap suffix' directory entry automatically if
+ an idmap uid/gid range has been set and the 'ldapsam'
+ passdb backend has been selected.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ sambaGroupMapping - an object representing the
+ relationship between a posixGroup and a Windows
+ group/SID. These entries are stored in the 'ldap
+ group suffix' and managed by the 'net groupmap' command.
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ sambaUnixIdPool - created in the 'ldap idmap suffix' entry
+ automatically and contains the next available 'idmap uid' and
+ 'idmap gid'
+ </para></listitem>
+
+ <listitem><para>
+ sambaIdmapEntry - object storing a mapping between a
+ SID and a UNIX uid/gid. These objects are created by the
+ idmap_ldap module as needed.
+ </para></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>New Suffix for Searching</title>
+
+ <para>
+ The following new smb.conf parameters have been added to aid in directing
+ certain LDAP queries when 'passdb backend = ldapsam://...' has been
+ specified.
+ </para>
+
+ <itemizedlist>
+ <listitem><para>ldap suffix - used to search for user and computer accounts</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap user suffix - used to store user accounts</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap machine suffix - used to store machine trust accounts</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap group suffix - location of posixGroup/sambaGroupMapping entries</para></listitem>
+ <listitem><para>ldap idmap suffix - location of sambaIdmapEntry objects</para></listitem>
+ </itemizedlist>
+
+ <para>
+ If an 'ldap suffix' is defined, it will be appended to all of the
+ remaining sub-suffix parameters. In this case, the order of the suffix
+ listings in smb.conf is important. Always place the 'ldap suffix' first
+ in the list.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ Due to a limitation in Samba's smb.conf parsing, you should not surround
+ the DN's with quotation marks.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ <sect3>
+ <title>IdMap LDAP support</title>
+
+ <para>
+ Samba 3.0 supports an ldap backend for the idmap subsystem. The
+ following options would inform Samba that the idmap table should be
+ stored on the directory server onterose in the "ou=idmap,dc=plainjoe,
+ dc=org" partition.
+ </para>
+
+ <para><screen>
+ [global]
+ ...
+ idmap backend = ldap:ldap://onterose/
+ ldap idmap suffix = ou=idmap,dc=plainjoe,dc=org
+ idmap uid = 40000-50000
+ idmap gid = 40000-50000
+ </screen></para>
+
+ <para>
+ This configuration allows winbind installations on multiple servers to
+ share a uid/gid number space, thus avoiding the interoperability problems
+ with NFS that were present in Samba 2.2.
+ </para>
+
+ </sect3>
+
+ </sect2>
</sect1>