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-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
-<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
-<refentry id="smbpasswd.5">
-
-<refmeta>
- <refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
- <refmiscinfo class="source">Samba</refmiscinfo>
- <refmiscinfo class="manual">File Formats and Conventions</refmiscinfo>
- <refmiscinfo class="version">3.6</refmiscinfo>
-</refmeta>
-
-
-<refnamediv>
- <refname>smbpasswd</refname>
- <refpurpose>The Samba encrypted password file</refpurpose>
-</refnamediv>
-
-<refsynopsisdiv>
- <para><filename>smbpasswd</filename></para>
-</refsynopsisdiv>
-
-<refsect1>
- <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
-
- <para>This tool is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
-
- <para>smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file. It contains
- the username, Unix user id and the SMB hashed passwords of the
- user, as well as account flag information and the time the
- password was last changed. This file format has been evolving with
- Samba and has had several different formats in the past. </para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
- <title>FILE FORMAT</title>
-
- <para>The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2.2
- is very similar to the familiar Unix <filename>passwd(5)</filename>
- file. It is an ASCII file containing one line for each user. Each field
- ithin each line is separated from the next by a colon. Any entry
- beginning with '#' is ignored. The smbpasswd file contains the
- following information for each user: </para>
-
- <variablelist>
- <varlistentry>
- <term>name</term>
- <listitem><para> This is the user name. It must be a name that
- already exists in the standard UNIX passwd file. </para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>uid</term>
- <listitem><para>This is the UNIX uid. It must match the uid
- field for the same user entry in the standard UNIX passwd file.
- If this does not match then Samba will refuse to recognize
- this smbpasswd file entry as being valid for a user.
- </para></listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Lanman Password Hash</term>
- <listitem><para>This is the LANMAN hash of the user's password,
- encoded as 32 hex digits. The LANMAN hash is created by DES
- encrypting a well known string with the user's password as the
- DES key. This is the same password used by Windows 95/98 machines.
- Note that this password hash is regarded as weak as it is
- vulnerable to dictionary attacks and if two users choose the
- same password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password
- is not "salted" as the UNIX password is). If the user has a
- null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD"
- as the start of the hex string. If the hex string is equal to
- 32 'X' characters then the user's account is marked as
- <constant>disabled</constant> and the user will not be able to
- log onto the Samba server. </para>
-
- <para><emphasis>WARNING !!</emphasis> Note that, due to
- the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication
- protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will
- be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this
- reason these hashes are known as <emphasis>plain text
- equivalents</emphasis> and must <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> be made
- available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords
- the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and
- traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file
- itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no
- other access. </para></listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>NT Password Hash</term>
- <listitem><para>This is the Windows NT hash of the user's
- password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The Windows NT hash is
- created by taking the user's password as represented in
- 16-bit, little-endian UNICODE and then applying the MD4
- (internet rfc1321) hashing algorithm to it. </para>
-
- <para>This password hash is considered more secure than
- the LANMAN Password Hash as it preserves the case of the
- password and uses a much higher quality hashing algorithm.
- However, it is still the case that if two users choose the same
- password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password is
- not "salted" as the UNIX password is). </para>
-
- <para><emphasis>WARNING !!</emphasis>. Note that, due to
- the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication
- protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will
- be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this
- reason these hashes are known as <emphasis>plain text
- equivalents</emphasis> and must <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> be made
- available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords
- the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and
- traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file
- itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no
- other access. </para></listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Account Flags</term>
- <listitem><para>This section contains flags that describe
- the attributes of the users account. This field is bracketed by
- '[' and ']' characters and is always 13 characters in length
- (including the '[' and ']' characters).
- The contents of this field may be any of the following characters:
- </para>
-
- <itemizedlist>
- <listitem><para><emphasis>U</emphasis> - This means
- this is a "User" account, i.e. an ordinary user.</para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><emphasis>N</emphasis> - This means the
- account has no password (the passwords in the fields LANMAN
- Password Hash and NT Password Hash are ignored). Note that this
- will only allow users to log on with no password if the <parameter>
- null passwords</parameter> parameter is set in the
- <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> config file. </para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><emphasis>D</emphasis> - This means the account
- is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed for this user. </para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><emphasis>X</emphasis> - This means the password
- does not expire. </para></listitem>
-
- <listitem><para><emphasis>W</emphasis> - This means this account
- is a "Workstation Trust" account. This kind of account is used
- in the Samba PDC code stream to allow Windows NT Workstations
- and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC. </para>
- </listitem>
- </itemizedlist>
-
- <para>Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future.
- The rest of this field space is filled in with spaces. For further
- information regarding the flags that are supported please refer to the
- man page for the <command>pdbedit</command> command.</para>
- </listitem>
- </varlistentry>
-
-
- <varlistentry>
- <term>Last Change Time</term>
- <listitem><para>This field consists of the time the account was
- last modified. It consists of the characters 'LCT-' (standing for
- "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric encoding of the UNIX time
- in seconds since the epoch (1970) that the last change was made.
- </para></listitem>
- </varlistentry>
- </variablelist>
-
- <para>All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time.</para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
- <title>VERSION</title>
-
- <para>This man page is correct for version 3 of
- the Samba suite.</para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
- <title>SEE ALSO</title>
- <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbpasswd</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>Samba</refentrytitle>
- <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>, and
- the Internet RFC1321 for details on the MD4 algorithm.
- </para>
-</refsect1>
-
-<refsect1>
- <title>AUTHOR</title>
-
- <para>The original Samba software and related utilities
- were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
- by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
- to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>
-
- <para>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer.
- The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
- excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <ulink noescape="1" url="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/">
- ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</ulink>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
- release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
- Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2
- for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</para>
-</refsect1>
-
-</refentry>