diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs-xml/smbdotconf/security')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordlevel.xml | 2 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordserver.xml | 98 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/security.xml | 145 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/username.xml | 2 |
4 files changed, 117 insertions, 130 deletions
diff --git a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordlevel.xml b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordlevel.xml index 1da11e406b..eee838f65c 100644 --- a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordlevel.xml +++ b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordlevel.xml @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ text passwords even when NT LM 0.12 selected by the protocol negotiation request/response.</para> - <para>This parameter defines the maximum number of characters + <para>This deprecated parameter defines the maximum number of characters that may be upper case in passwords.</para> <para>For example, say the password given was "FRED". If <parameter moreinfo="none"> diff --git a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordserver.xml b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordserver.xml index 0e92af9eba..09d335c3ac 100644 --- a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordserver.xml +++ b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/passwordserver.xml @@ -10,54 +10,24 @@ it is possible to get Samba to do all its username/password validation using a specific remote server.</para> - <para>This option sets the name or IP address of the password server to use. - New syntax has been added to support defining the port to use when connecting - to the server the case of an ADS realm. To define a port other than the - default LDAP port of 389, add the port number using a colon after the - name or IP address (e.g. 192.168.1.100:389). If you do not specify a port, - Samba will use the standard LDAP port of tcp/389. Note that port numbers - have no effect on password servers for Windows NT 4.0 domains or netbios - connections.</para> - - <para>If parameter is a name, it is looked up using the - parameter <smbconfoption name="name resolve order"/> and so may resolved - by any method and order described in that parameter.</para> - - <para>The password server must be a machine capable of using - the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, and it must be in - user level security mode.</para> - - <note><para>Using a password server means your UNIX box (running - Samba) is only as secure as your password server. <emphasis>DO NOT - CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST</emphasis>. - </para></note> - - <para>Never point a Samba server at itself for password serving. - This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba server!</para> - - <para>The name of the password server takes the standard - substitutions, but probably the only useful one is <parameter moreinfo="none">%m - </parameter>, which means the Samba server will use the incoming - client as the password server. If you use this then you better - trust your clients, and you had better restrict them with hosts allow!</para> - <para>If the <parameter moreinfo="none">security</parameter> parameter is set to - <constant>domain</constant> or <constant>ads</constant>, then the list of machines in this - option must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain controllers for the - Domain or the character '*', as the Samba server is effectively - in that domain, and will use cryptographically authenticated RPC calls - to authenticate the user logging on. The advantage of using <command moreinfo="none"> - security = domain</command> is that if you list several hosts in the - <parameter moreinfo="none">password server</parameter> option then <command moreinfo="none">smbd - </command> will try each in turn till it finds one that responds. This - is useful in case your primary server goes down.</para> + <constant>domain</constant> or <constant>ads</constant>, then this option + <emphasis>should not</emphasis> be used, as the default '*' indicates to Samba + to determine the best DC to contact dynamically, just as all other hosts in an + AD domain do. This allows the domain to be maintained without modification to + the smb.conf file. The cryptograpic protection on the authenticated RPC calls + used to verify passwords ensures that this default is safe.</para> - <para>If the <parameter moreinfo="none">password server</parameter> option is set - to the character '*', then Samba will attempt to auto-locate the - Primary or Backup Domain controllers to authenticate against by - doing a query for the name <constant>WORKGROUP<1C></constant> - and then contacting each server returned in the list of IP - addresses from the name resolution source. </para> + <para><emphasis>It is strongly recommended that you use the + default of '*'</emphasis>, however if in your particular + environment you have reason to specify a particular DC list, then + the list of machines in this option must be a list of names or IP + addresses of Domain controllers for the Domain. If you use the + default of '*', or list several hosts in the <parameter + moreinfo="none">password server</parameter> option then <command + moreinfo="none">smbd </command> will try each in turn till it + finds one that responds. This is useful in case your primary + server goes down.</para> <para>If the list of servers contains both names/IP's and the '*' character, the list is treated as a list of preferred @@ -65,10 +35,12 @@ will be added to the list as well. Samba will not attempt to optimize this list by locating the closest DC.</para> + <para>If parameter is a name, it is looked up using the + parameter <smbconfoption name="name resolve order"/> and so may resolved + by any method and order described in that parameter.</para> + <para>If the <parameter moreinfo="none">security</parameter> parameter is - set to <constant>server</constant>, then there are different - restrictions that <command moreinfo="none">security = domain</command> doesn't - suffer from:</para> + set to <constant>server</constant>, these additional restrictions apply:</para> <itemizedlist> <listitem> @@ -82,12 +54,34 @@ </listitem> <listitem> - <para>If you are using a Windows NT server as your - password server then you will have to ensure that your users + <para>You will have to ensure that your users are able to login from the Samba server, as when in <command moreinfo="none"> security = server</command> mode the network logon will appear to - come from there rather than from the users workstation.</para> + come from the Samba server rather than from the users workstation.</para> </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>The client must not select NTLMv2 authentication.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>The password server must be a machine capable of using + the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, and it must be in + user level security mode.</para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>Using a password server means your UNIX box (running + Samba) is only as secure as (a host masqurading as) your password server. <emphasis>DO NOT + CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST</emphasis>. + </para> + </listitem> + + <listitem> + <para>Never point a Samba server at itself for password serving. + This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba server!</para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> </description> diff --git a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/security.xml b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/security.xml index 514ea54e0f..55e147e8dc 100644 --- a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/security.xml +++ b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/security.xml @@ -22,32 +22,18 @@ the most common setting needed when talking to Windows 98 and Windows NT.</para> - <para>The alternatives are <command moreinfo="none">security = share</command>, - <command moreinfo="none">security = server</command> or <command moreinfo="none">security = domain - </command>.</para> + <para>The alternatives are + <command moreinfo="none">security = ads</command> or <command moreinfo="none">security = domain + </command>, which support joining Samba to a Windows domain, along with <command moreinfo="none">security = share</command> and <command moreinfo="none">security = server</command>, both of which are deprecated.</para> <para>In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was <command moreinfo="none">security = share</command> mainly because that was the only option at one stage.</para> - <para>There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this - setting. When in user or server level security a WfWg client - will totally ignore the username and password you type in the "connect - drive" dialog box. This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) - to connect to a Samba service as anyone except the user that - you are logged into WfWg as.</para> - - <para>If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their - usernames on the UNIX machine then you will want to use - <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>. If you mostly use usernames - that don't exist on the UNIX box then use <command moreinfo="none">security = - share</command>.</para> - - <para>You should also use <command moreinfo="none">security = share</command> if you + <para>You should use <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command> and + <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> if you want to mainly setup shares without a password (guest shares). This - is commonly used for a shared printer server. It is more difficult - to setup guest shares with <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>, see - the <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> parameter for details.</para> + is commonly used for a shared printer server. </para> <para>It is possible to use <command moreinfo="none">smbd</command> in a <emphasis> hybrid mode</emphasis> where it is offers both user and share @@ -56,7 +42,62 @@ <para>The different settings will now be explained.</para> + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSUSER"/><emphasis>SECURITY = USER</emphasis></para> + + <para>This is the default security setting in Samba. + With user-level security a client must first "log-on" with a + valid username and password (which can be mapped using the <smbconfoption name="username map"/> + parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> parameter) can also + be used in this security mode. Parameters such as <smbconfoption name="user"/> and <smbconfoption + name="guest only"/> if set are then applied and + may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after + the user has been successfully authenticated.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <smbconfoption name="guest account"/>. + See the <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> parameter for details on doing this.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT">NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"/><emphasis>SECURITY = DOMAIN</emphasis></para> + + <para>This mode will only work correctly if <citerefentry><refentrytitle>net</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> has been used to add this + machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> + parameter to be set to <constant>yes</constant>. In this + mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing + it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly + the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that a valid UNIX user must still + exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller to allow + Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that from the client's point + of view <command moreinfo="none">security = domain</command> is the same + as <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>. It only + affects how the server deals with the authentication, + it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <smbconfoption name="guest account"/>. + See the <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> parameter for details on doing this.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> + NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para>See also the <smbconfoption name="password server"/> parameter and + the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> parameter.</para> + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSSHARE"/><emphasis>SECURITY = SHARE</emphasis></para> + + <note><para>This option is deprecated as it is incompatible with SMB2</para></note> <para>When clients connect to a share level security server, they need not log onto the server with a valid username and password before @@ -135,63 +176,10 @@ <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> - <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSUSER"/><emphasis>SECURITY = USER</emphasis></para> - - <para>This is the default security setting in Samba 3.0. - With user-level security a client must first "log-on" with a - valid username and password (which can be mapped using the <smbconfoption name="username map"/> - parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> parameter) can also - be used in this security mode. Parameters such as <smbconfoption name="user"/> and <smbconfoption - name="guest only"/> if set are then applied and - may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after - the user has been successfully authenticated.</para> - - <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being - requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why - guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing - the server to automatically map unknown users into the <smbconfoption name="guest account"/>. - See the <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> parameter for details on doing this.</para> - - <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT">NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> - - <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"/><emphasis>SECURITY = DOMAIN</emphasis></para> - - <para>This mode will only work correctly if <citerefentry><refentrytitle>net</refentrytitle> - <manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> has been used to add this - machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> - parameter to be set to <constant>yes</constant>. In this - mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing - it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly - the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.</para> - - <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that a valid UNIX user must still - exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller to allow - Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.</para> - - <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that from the client's point - of view <command moreinfo="none">security = domain</command> is the same - as <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>. It only - affects how the server deals with the authentication, - it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</para> - - <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being - requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why - guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing - the server to automatically map unknown users into the <smbconfoption name="guest account"/>. - See the <smbconfoption name="map to guest"/> parameter for details on doing this.</para> - - <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> - NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> - - <para>See also the <smbconfoption name="password server"/> parameter and - the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> parameter.</para> - <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSSERVER"/><emphasis>SECURITY = SERVER</emphasis></para> <para> - In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing it to another SMB server, such as an + In this depicted mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing it to another SMB server, such as an NT box. If this fails it will revert to <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>. It expects the <smbconfoption name="encrypted passwords"/> parameter to be set to <constant>yes</constant>, unless the remote server does not support them. However note that if encrypted passwords have been negotiated then Samba cannot @@ -203,19 +191,24 @@ <note><para>This mode of operation has significant pitfalls since it is more vulnerable to man-in-the-middle attacks and server impersonation. In particular, - this mode of operation can cause significant resource consuption on + this mode of operation can cause significant resource consumption on the PDC, as it must maintain an active connection for the duration of the user's session. Furthermore, if this connection is lost, - there is no way to reestablish it, and futher authentications to the + there is no way to reestablish it, and further authentications to the Samba server may fail (from a single client, till it disconnects). </para></note> + <note><para>If the client selects NTLMv2 authentication, then this mode of operation <emphasis>will fail</emphasis> + </para></note> + <note><para>From the client's point of view, <command moreinfo="none">security = server</command> is the same as <command moreinfo="none">security = user</command>. It only affects how the server deals with the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</para></note> + <note><para>This option is deprecated, and may be removed in future</para></note> + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why diff --git a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/username.xml b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/username.xml index 3a45d4d72f..19d8a2ecfd 100644 --- a/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/username.xml +++ b/docs-xml/smbdotconf/security/username.xml @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ list, in which case the supplied password will be tested against each username in turn (left to right).</para> - <para>The <parameter moreinfo="none">username</parameter> line is needed only when + <para>The deprecated <parameter moreinfo="none">username</parameter> line is needed only when the PC is unable to supply its own username. This is the case for the COREPLUS protocol or where your users have different WfWg usernames to UNIX usernames. In both these cases you may also be |