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diff --git a/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml b/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a00ca178db --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,7435 @@ +<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.1//EN"> +<refentry id="smb.conf"> + +<refmeta> + <refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle> + <manvolnum>5</manvolnum> +</refmeta> + + +<refnamediv> + <refname>smb.conf</refname> + <refpurpose>The configuration file for the Samba suite</refpurpose> +</refnamediv> + +<refsect1> + <title>SYNOPSIS</title> + + <para>The <filename>smb.conf</filename> file is a configuration + file for the Samba suite. <filename>smb.conf</filename> contains + runtime configuration information for the Samba programs. The + <filename>smb.conf</filename> file is designed to be configured and + administered by the <ulink url="swat.8.html"><command>swat(8)</command> + </ulink> program. The complete description of the file format and + possible parameters held within are here for reference purposes.</para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title id="FILEFORMATSECT">FILE FORMAT</title> + + <para>The file consists of sections and parameters. A section + begins with the name of the section in square brackets and continues + until the next section begins. Sections contain parameters of the + form</para> + + <para><replaceable>name</replaceable> = <replaceable>value + </replaceable></para> + + <para>The file is line-based - that is, each newline-terminated + line represents either a comment, a section name or a parameter.</para> + + <para>Section and parameter names are not case sensitive.</para> + + <para>Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. + Whitespace before or after the first equals sign is discarded. + Leading, trailing and internal whitespace in section and parameter + names is irrelevant. Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter + value is discarded. Internal whitespace within a parameter value + is retained verbatim.</para> + + <para>Any line beginning with a semicolon (';') or a hash ('#') + character is ignored, as are lines containing only whitespace.</para> + + <para>Any line ending in a '\' is continued + on the next line in the customary UNIX fashion.</para> + + <para>The values following the equals sign in parameters are all + either a string (no quotes needed) or a boolean, which may be given + as yes/no, 0/1 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean + values, but is preserved in string values. Some items such as + create modes are numeric.</para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>SECTION DESCRIPTIONS</title> + + <para>Each section in the configuration file (except for the + [global] section) describes a shared resource (known + as a "share"). The section name is the name of the + shared resource and the parameters within the section define + the shares attributes.</para> + + <para>There are three special sections, [global], + [homes] and [printers], which are + described under <emphasis>special sections</emphasis>. The + following notes apply to ordinary section descriptions.</para> + + <para>A share consists of a directory to which access is being + given plus a description of the access rights which are granted + to the user of the service. Some housekeeping options are + also specifiable.</para> + + <para>Sections are either filespace services (used by the + client as an extension of their native file systems) or + printable services (used by the client to access print services + on the host running the server).</para> + + <para>Sections may be designated <emphasis>guest</emphasis> services, + in which case no password is required to access them. A specified + UNIX <emphasis>guest account</emphasis> is used to define access + privileges in this case.</para> + + <para>Sections other than guest services will require a password + to access them. The client provides the username. As older clients + only provide passwords and not usernames, you may specify a list + of usernames to check against the password using the "user=" + option in the share definition. For modern clients such as + Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this should not be necessary.</para> + + <para>Note that the access rights granted by the server are + masked by the access rights granted to the specified or guest + UNIX user by the host system. The server does not grant more + access than the host system grants.</para> + + <para>The following sample section defines a file space share. + The user has write access to the path <filename>/home/bar</filename>. + The share is accessed via the share name "foo":</para> + + <screen> + <computeroutput> + [foo] + path = /home/bar + writeable = true + </computeroutput> + </screen> + + <para>The following sample section defines a printable share. + The share is readonly, but printable. That is, the only write + access permitted is via calls to open, write to and close a + spool file. The <emphasis>guest ok</emphasis> parameter means + access will be permitted as the default guest user (specified + elsewhere):</para> + + <screen> + <computeroutput> + [aprinter] + path = /usr/spool/public + writeable = false + printable = true + guest ok = true + </computeroutput> + </screen> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>SPECIAL SECTIONS</title> + + <refsect2> + <title>The [global] section</title> + + <para>parameters in this section apply to the server + as a whole, or are defaults for sections which do not + specifically define certain items. See the notes + under paraMETERS for more information.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title id="HOMESECT">The [homes] section</title> + + <para>If a section called homes is included in the + configuration file, services connecting clients to their + home directories can be created on the fly by the server.</para> + + <para>When the connection request is made, the existing + sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no + match is found, the requested section name is treated as a + user name and looked up in the local password file. If the + name exists and the correct password has been given, a share is + created by cloning the [homes] section.</para> + + <para>Some modifications are then made to the newly + created share:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>The share name is changed from homes to + the located username.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If no path was given, the path is set to + the user's home directory.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>If you decide to use a <emphasis>path=</emphasis> line + in your [homes] section then you may find it useful + to use the %S macro. For example :</para> + + <para><userinput>path=/data/pchome/%S</userinput></para> + + <para>would be useful if you have different home directories + for your PCs than for UNIX access.</para> + + <para>This is a fast and simple way to give a large number + of clients access to their home directories with a minimum + of fuss.</para> + + <para>A similar process occurs if the requested section + name is "homes", except that the share name is not + changed to that of the requesting user. This method of using + the [homes] section works well if different users share + a client PC.</para> + + <para>The [homes] section can specify all the parameters + a normal service section can specify, though some make more sense + than others. The following is a typical and suitable [homes] + section:</para> + + <screen> + <computeroutput> + [homes] + writeable = yes + </computeroutput> + </screen> + + <para>An important point is that if guest access is specified + in the [homes] section, all home directories will be + visible to all clients <emphasis>without a password</emphasis>. + In the very unlikely event that this is actually desirable, it + would be wise to also specify <emphasis>read only + access</emphasis>.</para> + + <para>Note that the <emphasis>browseable</emphasis> flag for + auto home directories will be inherited from the global browseable + flag, not the [homes] browseable flag. This is useful as + it means setting browseable=no in the [homes] section + will hide the [homes] share but make any auto home + directories visible.</para> + </refsect2> + + <refsect2> + <title id="PRINTERSSECT">The [printers] section</title> + + <para>This section works like [homes], + but for printers.</para> + + <para>If a [printers] section occurs in the + configuration file, users are able to connect to any printer + specified in the local host's printcap file.</para> + + <para>When a connection request is made, the existing sections + are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, + but a [homes] section exists, it is used as described + above. Otherwise, the requested section name is treated as a + printer name and the appropriate printcap file is scanned to see + if the requested section name is a valid printer share name. If + a match is found, a new printer share is created by cloning + the [printers] section.</para> + + <para>A few modifications are then made to the newly created + share:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>The share name is set to the located printer + name</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If no printer name was given, the printer name + is set to the located printer name</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If the share does not permit guest access and + no username was given, the username is set to the located + printer name.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Note that the [printers] service MUST be + printable - if you specify otherwise, the server will refuse + to load the configuration file.</para> + + <para>Typically the path specified would be that of a + world-writeable spool directory with the sticky bit set on + it. A typical [printers] entry would look like + this:</para> + + <screen><computeroutput> + [printers] + path = /usr/spool/public + guest ok = yes + printable = yes + </computeroutput></screen> + + <para>All aliases given for a printer in the printcap file + are legitimate printer names as far as the server is concerned. + If your printing subsystem doesn't work like that, you will have + to set up a pseudo-printcap. This is a file consisting of one or + more lines like this:</para> + + <screen> + <computeroutput> + alias|alias|alias|alias... + </computeroutput> + </screen> + + <para>Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for + your printing subsystem. In the [global] section, specify + the new file as your printcap. The server will then only recognize + names found in your pseudo-printcap, which of course can contain + whatever aliases you like. The same technique could be used + simply to limit access to a subset of your local printers.</para> + + <para>An alias, by the way, is defined as any component of the + first entry of a printcap record. Records are separated by newlines, + components (if there are more than one) are separated by vertical + bar symbols ('|').</para> + + <para>NOTE: On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine what + printers are defined on the system you may be able to use + "printcap name = lpstat" to automatically obtain a list + of printers. See the "printcap name" option + for more details.</para> + </refsect2> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>paraMETRS</title> + + <para>parameters define the specific attributes of sections.</para> + + <para>Some parameters are specific to the [global] section + (e.g., <emphasis>security</emphasis>). Some parameters are usable + in all sections (e.g., <emphasis>create mode</emphasis>). All others + are permissible only in normal sections. For the purposes of the + following descriptions the [homes] and [printers] + sections will be considered normal. The letter <emphasis>G</emphasis> + in parentheses indicates that a parameter is specific to the + [global] section. The letter <emphasis>S</emphasis> + indicates that a parameter can be specified in a service specific + section. Note that all <emphasis>S</emphasis> parameters can also be specified in + the [global] section - in which case they will define + the default behavior for all services.</para> + + <para>parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may + not create best bedfellows, but at least you can find them! Where + there are synonyms, the preferred synonym is described, others refer + to the preferred synonym.</para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS</title> + + <para>Many of the strings that are settable in the config file + can take substitutions. For example the option "path = + /tmp/%u" would be interpreted as "path = + /tmp/john" if the user connected with the username john.</para> + + <para>These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, + but there are some general substitutions which apply whenever they + might be relevant. These are:</para> + + <variablelist> + <varlistentry> + <term>%S</term> + <listitem><para>the name of the current service, if any.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%P</term> + <listitem><para>the root directory of the current service, + if any.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%u</term> + <listitem><para>user name of the current service, if any.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%g</term> + <listitem><para>primary group name of %u.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%U</term> + <listitem><para>session user name (the user name that the client + wanted, not necessarily the same as the one they got).</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%G</term> + <listitem><para>primary group name of %U.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%H</term> + <listitem><para>the home directory of the user given + by %u.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%v</term> + <listitem><para>the Samba version.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%h</term> + <listitem><para>the internet hostname that Samba is running + on.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%m</term> + <listitem><para>the NetBIOS name of the client machine + (very useful).</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%L</term> + <listitem><para>the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows you + to change your config based on what the client calls you. Your + server can have a "dual personality".</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%M</term> + <listitem><para>the internet name of the client machine. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%N</term> + <listitem><para>the name of your NIS home directory server. + This is obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. If you have + not compiled Samba with the <emphasis>--with-automount</emphasis> + option then this value will be the same as %.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%p</term> + <listitem><para>the path of the service's home directory, + obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. The NIS auto.map entry + is split up as "%N:%p".</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%R</term> + <listitem><para>the selected protocol level after + protocol negotiation. It can be one of CORE, COREPLUS, + LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%d</term> + <listitem><para>The process id of the current server + process.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%a</term> + <listitem><para>the architecture of the remote + machine. Only some are recognized, and those may not be + 100% reliable. It currently recognizes Samba, WfWg, + WinNT and Win95. Anything else will be known as + "UNKNOWN". If it gets it wrong then sending a level + 3 log to <ulink url="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org + </ulink> should allow it to be fixed.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%I</term> + <listitem><para>The IP address of the client machine.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%T</term> + <listitem><para>the current date and time.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>%$(<replaceable>envvar</replaceable>)</term> + <listitem><para>The value of the environment variable + <replaceable>envar</replaceable>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + <para>There are some quite creative things that can be done + with these substitutions and other smb.conf options.</para +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title id="NAMEMANGLINGSECT">NAME MANGLING</title> + + <para>Samba supports "name mangling" so that DOS and + Windows clients can use files that don't conform to the 8.3 format. + It can also be set to adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames.</para> + + <para>There are several options that control the way mangling is + performed, and they are grouped here rather than listed separately. + For the defaults look at the output of the testparm program. </para> + + <para>All of these options can be set separately for each service + (or globally, of course). </para> + + <para>The options are: </para> + + <variablelist> + + <varlistentry> + <term>mangle case= yes/no</term> + <listitem><para> controls if names that have characters that + aren't of the "default" case are mangled. For example, + if this is yes then a name like "Mail" would be mangled. + Default <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>case sensitive = yes/no</term> + <listitem><para>controls whether filenames are case sensitive. If + they aren't then Samba must do a filename search and match on passed + names. Default <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>default case = upper/lower</term> + <listitem><para>controls what the default case is for new + filenames. Default <emphasis>lower</emphasis>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>preserve case = yes/no</term> + <listitem><para>controls if new files are created with the + case that the client passes, or if they are forced to be the + "default" case. Default <emphasis>yes</emphasis>. + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term>short preserve case = yes/no</term> + <listitem><para>controls if new files which conform to 8.3 syntax, + that is all in upper case and of suitable length, are created + upper case, or if they are forced to be the "default" + case. This option can be use with "preserve case = yes" + to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short names + are lowered. Default <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + </variablelist> + + <para>By default, Samba 2.2 has the same semantics as a Windows + NT server, in that it is case insensitive but case preserving.</para> + +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title id="VALIDATIONSECT">NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</title> + + <para>There are a number of ways in which a user can connect + to a service. The server follows the following steps in determining + if it will allow a connection to a specified service. If all the + steps fail then the connection request is rejected. If one of the + steps pass then the following steps are not checked.</para> + + <para>If the service is marked "guest only = yes" then + steps 1 to 5 are skipped.</para> + + <orderedlist numeration="Arabic"> + <listitem><para>If the client has passed a username/password + pair and that username/password pair is validated by the UNIX + system's password programs then the connection is made as that + username. Note that this includes the + \\server\service%<replaceable>username</replaceable> method of passing + a username.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If the client has previously registered a username + with the system and now supplies a correct password for that + username then the connection is allowed.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The client's netbios name and any previously + used user names are checked against the supplied password, if + they match then the connection is allowed as the corresponding + user.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If the client has previously validated a + username/password pair with the server and the client has passed + the validation token then that username is used. </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If a "user = " field is given in the + <filename>smb.conf</filename> file for the service and the client + has supplied a password, and that password matches (according to + the UNIX system's password checking) with one of the usernames + from the "user=" field then the connection is made as + the username in the "user=" line. If one + of the username in the "user=" list begins with a + '@' then that name expands to a list of names in + the group of the same name.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If the service is a guest service then a + connection is made as the username given in the "guest + account =" for the service, irrespective of the + supplied password.</para></listitem> + </orderedlist> + +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>COMPLETE LIST OF GLOBAL PARAMETERS</title> + + <para>Here is a list of all global parameters. See the section of + each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><parameter>add user script</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>allow trusted domains</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>announce as</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>announce version</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>auto services</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>bind interfaces only</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>browse list</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>change notify timeout</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>character set</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>client code page</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>coding system</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>config file</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>deadtime</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>debug hires timestamp</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>debug pid</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>debug timestamp</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>debug uid</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>debug level</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>default</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>default service</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>delete user script</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>dfree command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>dns proxy</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain admin group</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain admin users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain groups</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain guest group</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain guest users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain logons</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>domain master</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>encrypt passwords</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>getwd cache</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hide local users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>homedir map</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hosts equiv</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>interfaces</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>keepalive</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>kernel oplocks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lm announce</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lm interval</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>load printers</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>local master</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lock dir</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lock directory</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>log file</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>log level</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>logon drive</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>logon home</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>logon path</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>logon script</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lpq cache time</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>machine password timeout</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangled stack</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>map to guest</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max disk size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max log size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max mux</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max open files</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max packet</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max ttl</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max wins ttl</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max xmit</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>message command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>min passwd length</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>min password length</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>min wins ttl</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>name resolve order</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>netbios aliases</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>netbios name</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>netbios scope</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>nis homedir</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>nt acl support</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>nt pipe support</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>nt smb support</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>null passwords</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ole locking compatibility</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>oplock break wait time</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>os level</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>panic action</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>passwd chat</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>passwd chat debug</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>passwd program</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>password level</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>password server</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>prefered master</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>preferred master</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>preload</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printcap</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printcap name</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer driver file</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>private dir</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>protocol</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read bmpx</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read prediction</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read raw</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>remote announce</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>remote browse sync</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>restrict anonymous</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root dir</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root directory</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>security</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>server string</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>shared mem size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>smb passwd file</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>smbrun</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>socket address</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>socket options</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>source environment</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl CA certDir</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl CA certFile</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl ciphers</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl client cert</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl client key</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl compatibility</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl hosts</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl hosts resign</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl require clientcert</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl require servercert</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl server cert</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl server key</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>ssl version</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>stat cache</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>stat cache size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>strip dot</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>syslog</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>syslog only</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>template homedir</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>template shell</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>time offset</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>time server</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>timestamp logs</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>unix password sync</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>unix realname</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>update encrypted</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>use rhosts</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>username level</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>username map</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>utmp directory</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>valid chars</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>winbind cache time</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>winbind gid</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>winbind uid</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>wins hook</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>wins proxy</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>wins server</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>wins support</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>workgroup</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>write raw</parameter> </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>COMPLETE LIST OF SERVICE PARAMETERS</title> + + <para>Here is a list of all service parameters. See the section of + each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><parameter>admin users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>allow hosts</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>alternate permissions</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>available</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>blocking locks</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>browsable</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>browseable</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>case sensitive</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>casesignames</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>comment</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>copy</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>create mask</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>create mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>default case</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>delete readonly</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>delete veto files</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>deny hosts</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>directory</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>directory mask</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>directory mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>directory security mask</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>dont descend</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>dos filetime resolution</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>dos filetimes</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>exec</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>fake directory create times</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>fake oplocks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>follow symlinks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force create mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force directory mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force directory security mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force group</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force security mode</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>force user</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>fstype</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>group</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>guest account</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>guest ok</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>guest only</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hide dot files</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hide files</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hosts allow</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>hosts deny</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>include</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>inherit permissions</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>invalid users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>level2 oplocks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>locking</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lppause command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lpq command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lpresume command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>lprm command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>magic output</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>magic script</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangle case</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangle locks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangled map</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangled names</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>mangling char</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>map archive</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>map hidden</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>map system</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>max connections</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>min print space</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>only guest</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>only user</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>oplock contention limit</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>oplocks</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>path</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>postexec</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>postscript</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>preexec</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>preexec close</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>preserve case</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>print command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>print ok</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printable</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer admin</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer driver</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer driver location</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printer name</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>printing</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>public</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>queuepause command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>queueresume command</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read list</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>read only</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root postexec</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root preexec</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>root preexec close</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>security mask</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>set directory</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>share modes</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>short preserve case</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>status</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>strict locking</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>strict sync</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>sync always</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>user</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>username</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>utmp</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>valid users</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>veto files</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>veto oplock files</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>volume</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>wide links</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>writable</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>write cache size</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>write list</parameter></para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>write ok</parameter> </para></listitem> + <listitem><para><parameter>writeable</parameter> </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER</title> + + <variablelist> + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ADDUSERSCRIPT">add user script (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis> by <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8) + </ulink> under special circumstances decribed below.</para> + + <para>Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are + created for all users accessing files on this server. For sites + that use Windows NT account databases as their primary user database + creating these users and keeping the user list in sync with the + Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option allows <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> to create the required UNIX users + <emphasis>ON DEMAND</emphasis> when a user accesses the Samba server.</para> + + <para>In order to use this option, <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> + must be set to <parameter>security=server</parameter> or <parameter> + security=domain</parameter> and <parameter>add user script</parameter> + must be set to a full pathname for a script that will create a UNIX + user given one argument of <parameter>%u</parameter>, which expands into + the UNIX user name to create.</para> + + <para>When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, + at login (session setup in the SMB protocol) time, <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + smbd</ulink> contacts the <parameter>password server</parameter> and + attempts to authenticate the given user with the given password. If the + authentication succeeds then <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> + attempts to find a UNIX user in the UNIX password database to map the + Windows user into. If this lookup fails, and <parameter>add user script + </parameter> is set then <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> will + call the specified script <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis>, expanding + any <parameter>%u</parameter> argument to be the user name to create.</para> + + <para>If this script successfully creates the user then <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> will continue on as though the UNIX user + already existed. In this way, UNIX users are dynamically created to + match existing Windows NT accounts.</para> + + <para>See also <ulink url="smb.conf.5.html#security"><parameter> + security</parameter></ulink>, <ulink url="smb.conf.5.html#passwordserver"> + <parameter>password server</parameter></ulink>, <ulink + url="smb.conf.5.html#deleteuserscript"><parameter>delete user + script</parameter></ulink>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>add user script = <empty string> + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user + %u</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ADMINUSERS">admin users (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users who will be granted + administrative privileges on the share. This means that they + will do all file operations as the super-user (root).</para> + + <para>You should use this option very carefully, as any user in + this list will be able to do anything they like on the share, + irrespective of file permissions.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no admin users</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>admin users = jason</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ALLOWHOSTS">allow hosts (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <ulink url="smb.conf.5.html#hostsallow"> + <parameter>hosts allow</parameter></ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ALLOWTRUSTEDDOMAINS">allow trusted domains (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option only takes effect when the <ulink + url="smb.conf.5.html">security</ulink> option is set to + <parameter>server</parameter> or <parameter>domain</parameter>. + If it is set to no, then attempts to connect to a resource from + a domain or workgroup other than the one which smbd is running + in will fail, even if that domain is trusted by the remote server + doing the authentication.</para> + + <para>This is useful if you only want your Samba server to + serve resources to users in the domain it is a member of. As + an example, suppose that there are two domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB + is trusted by DOMA, which contains the Samba server. Under normal + circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB can then access the + resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the + Samba server even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This + can make implementing a security boundary difficult.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>allow trusted domains = yes</command></para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ANNOUNCEAS">announce as (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies what type of server + <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"><command>nmbd</command></ulink> + will announce itself as, to a network neighborhood browse + list. By default this is set to Windows NT. The valid options + are : "NT" (which is a synonym for "NT Server"), "NT Server", + "NT Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning Windows NT Server, + Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups + respectively. Do not change this parameter unless you have a + specific need to stop Samba appearing as an NT server as this + may prevent Samba servers from participating as browser servers + correctly.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>announce as = NT Server</command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>announce as = Win95</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ANNOUCEVERSION">annouce version (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies the major and minor version numbers + that nmbd will use when announcing itself as a server. The default + is 4.2. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific + need to set a Samba server to be a downlevel server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>announce version = 4.2</command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>announce version = 2.0</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="AUTOSERVICES">auto services (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of services that you want to be + automatically added to the browse lists. This is most useful + for homes and printers services that would otherwise not be + visible.</para> + + <para>Note that if you just want all printers in your + printcap file loaded then the <ulink url="smb.conf.5.html#loadprinters"> + <parameter>load printers</parameter></ulink> option is easier.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no auto services</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>auto services = fred lp colorlp</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="AVAILABLE">available (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter lets you "turn off" a service. If + <parameter>available = no</parameter>, then <emphasis>ALL</emphasis> + attempts to connect to the service will fail. Such failures are + logged.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>available = yes</command></para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="BINDINTERFACESONLY">bind interfaces only (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This global parameter allows the Samba admin + to limit what interfaces on a machine will serve smb requests. If + affects file service <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> and + name service <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> in slightly + different ways.</para> + + <para>For name service it causes <command>nmbd</command> to bind + to ports 137 and 138 on the interfaces listed in the <link + linkend="INTERFACES">interfaces</link> parameter. <command>nmbd + </command> also binds to the "all addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) + on ports 137 and 138 for the purposes of reading broadcast messages. + If this option is not set then <command>nmbd</command> will service + name requests on all of these sockets. If <parameter>bind interfaces + only</parameter> is set then <command>nmbd</command> will check the + source address of any packets coming in on the broadcast sockets + and discard any that don't match the broadcast addresses of the + interfaces in the <parameter>interfaces</parameter> parameter list. + As unicast packets are received on the other sockets it allows + <command>nmbd</command> to refuse to serve names to machines that + send packets that arrive through any interfaces not listed in the + <parameter>interfaces</parameter> list. IP Source address spoofing + does defeat this simple check, however so it must not be used + seriously as a security feature for <command>nmbd</command>.</para> + + <para>For file service it causes <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> + to bind only to the interface list given in the <link linkend="INTERFACES"> + interfaces</link> parameter. This restricts the networks that + <command>smbd</command> will serve to packets coming in those + interfaces. Note that you should not use this parameter for machines + that are serving PPP or other intermittent or non-broadcast network + interfaces as it will not cope with non-permanent interfaces.</para> + + <para>If <parameter>bind interfaces only</parameter> is set then + unless the network address <emphasis>127.0.0.1</emphasis> is added + to the <parameter>interfaces</parameter> parameter list <ulink + url="smbpasswd.8.html"><command>smbpasswd(8)</command></ulink> + and <ulink url="swat.8.html"><command>swat(8)</command></ulink> may + not work as expected due to the reasons covered below.</para> + + <para>To change a users SMB password, the <command>smbpasswd</command> + by default connects to the <emphasis>localhost - 127.0.0.1</emphasis> + address as an SMB client to issue the password change request. If + <parameter>bind interfaces only</parameter> is set then unless the + network address <emphasis>127.0.0.1</emphasis> is added to the + <parameter>interfaces</parameter> parameter list then <command> + smbpasswd</command> will fail to connect in it's default mode. + <command>smbpasswd</command> can be forced to use the primary IP interface + of the local host by using its <ulink url="smbpasswd.8.html#minusr"> + <parameter>-r <replaceable>remote machine</replaceable></parameter> + </ulink> parameter, with <replaceable>remote machine</replaceable> set + to the IP name of the primary interface of the local host.</para> + + <para>The <command>swat</command> status page tries to connect with + <command>smbd</command> and <command>nmbd</command> at the address + <emphasis>127.0.0.1</emphasis> to determine if they are running. + Not adding <emphasis>127.0.0.1</emphasis> will cause <command> + smbd</command> and <command>nmbd</command> to always show + "not running" even if they really are. This can prevent <command> + swat</command> from starting/stopping/restarting <command>smbd</command> + and <command>nmbd</command>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>bind interfaces only = no</command></para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="BLOCKINGLOCKS">blocking locks (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls the behavior of <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> when given a request by a client + to obtain a byte range lock on a region of an open file, and the + request has a time limit associated with it.</para> + + <para>If this parameter is set and the lock range requested + cannot be immediately satisfied, Samba 2.2 will internally + queue the lock request, and periodically attempt to obtain + the lock until the timeout period expires.</para> + + <para>If this parameter is set to <constant>False</constant>, then + Samba 2.2 will behave as previous versions of Samba would and + will fail the lock request immediately if the lock range + cannot be obtained.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>blocking locks = yes</command></para> + + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="BROWSABLE">browsable (S)</term> + <listitem><para>See the <link linkend="BROWSEABLE"><parameter> + browseable</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="BROWSELIST">browse list (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + <command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> will serve a browse list to + a client doing a <command>NetServerEnum</command> call. Normally + set to <constant>true</constant>. You should never need to change + this.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>browse list = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="BROWSEABLE">browseable (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether this share is seen in + the list of available shares in a net view and in the browse list.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>browseable = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CASESENSITIVE">case sensitive (S)</term> + <listitem><para>See the discussion in the section <link + linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT">NAME MANGLING</link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CASESIGNAMES">casesignames (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="CASESENSITIVE">case + sensitive</link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CHANGENOTIFYTIMEOUT">change notify timeout (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This SMB allows a client to tell a server to + "watch" a particular directory for any changes and only reply to + the SMB request when a change has occurred. Such constant scanning of + a directory is expensive under UNIX, hence an <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + <command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> daemon only performs such a scan + on each requested directory once every <parameter>change notify + timeout</parameter> seconds.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>change notify timeout = 60</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>change notify timeout = 300</command></para> + + <para>Would change the scan time to every 5 minutes.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CHARACTERSET">character set (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This allows a smbd to map incoming filenames + from a DOS Code page (see the <link linkend="CLIENTCODEPAGE">client + code page</link> parameter) to several built in UNIX character sets. + The built in code page translations are:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><constant>ISO8859-1</constant> : Western European + UNIX character set. The parameter <parameter>client code page</parameter> + <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> be set to code page 850 if the + <parameter>character set</parameter> parameter is set to + <constant>ISO8859-1</constant> in order for the conversion to the + UNIX character set to be done correctly.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>ISO8859-2</constant> : Eastern European + UNIX character set. The parameter <parameter>client code page + </parameter> <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> be set to code page 852 if + the <parameter> character set</parameter> parameter is set + to <constant>ISO8859-2</constant> in order for the conversion + to the UNIX character set to be done correctly. </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>ISO8859-5</constant> : Russian Cyrillic + UNIX character set. The parameter <parameter>client code page + </parameter> <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> be set to code page + 866 if the <parameter>character set </parameter> parameter is + set to <constant>ISO8859-5</constant> in order for the conversion + to the UNIX character set to be done correctly. </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>ISO8859-7</constant> : Greek UNIX + character set. The parameter <parameter>client code page + </parameter> <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> be set to code page + 737 if the <parameter>character set</parameter> parameter is + set to <constant>ISO8859-7</constant> in order for the conversion + to the UNIX character set to be done correctly.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>KOI8-R</constant> : Alternate mapping + for Russian Cyrillic UNIX character set. The parameter + <parameter>client code page</parameter> <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> + be set to code page 866 if the <parameter>character set</parameter> + parameter is set to <constant>KOI8-R</constant> in order for the + conversion to the UNIX character set to be done correctly.</para> + </listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para><emphasis>BUG</emphasis>. These MSDOS code page to UNIX character + set mappings should be dynamic, like the loading of MS DOS code pages, + not static.</para> + + <para>Normally this parameter is not set, meaning no filename + translation is done.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>character set = <empty string></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>character set = ISO8859-1</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CLIENTCODEPAGE">client code page (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the DOS code page + that the clients accessing Samba are using. To determine what code + page a Windows or DOS client is using, open a DOS command prompt + and type the command <command>chcp</command>. This will output + the code page. The default for USA MS-DOS, Windows 95, and + Windows NT releases is code page 437. The default for western + european releases of the above operating systems is code page 850.</para> + + <para>This parameter tells <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> + which of the <filename>codepage.<replaceable>XXX</replaceable> + </filename> files to dynamically load on startup. These files, + described more fully in the manual page <ulink url="make_smbcodepage.1.html"> + <command>make_smbcodepage(1)</command></ulink>, tell <command> + smbd</command> how to map lower to upper case characters to provide + the case insensitivity of filenames that Windows clients expect.</para> + + <para>Samba currently ships with the following code page files :</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>Code Page 437 - MS-DOS Latin US</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 737 - Windows '95 Greek</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 850 - MS-DOS Latin 1</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 852 - MS-DOS Latin 2</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 861 - MS-DOS Icelandic</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 866 - MS-DOS Cyrillic</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 932 - MS-DOS Japanese SJIS</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 936 - MS-DOS Simplified Chinese</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 949 - MS-DOS Korean Hangul</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>Code Page 950 - MS-DOS Traditional Chinese</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Thus this parameter may have any of the values 437, 737, 850, 852, + 861, 932, 936, 949, or 950. If you don't find the codepage you need, + read the comments in one of the other codepage files and the + <command>make_smbcodepage(1)</command> man page and write one. Please + remember to donate it back to the Samba user community.</para> + + <para>This parameter co-operates with the <parameter>valid + chars</parameter> parameter in determining what characters are + valid in filenames and how capitalization is done. If you set both + this parameter and the <parameter>valid chars</parameter> parameter + the <parameter>client code page</parameter> parameter + <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> be set before the <parameter>valid + chars</parameter> parameter in the <filename>smb.conf</filename> + file. The <parameter>valid chars</parameter> string will then + augment the character settings in the <parameter>client code page</parameter> + parameter.</para> + + <para>If not set, <parameter>client code page</parameter> defaults + to 850.</para> + + <para>See also : <link linkend="VALIDCHARS"><parameter>valid + chars</parameter></link></para> + + <para>Default: <command>client code page = 850</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>client code page = 936</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CODINGSYSTEM">codingsystem (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is used to determine how incoming + Shift-JIS Japanese characters are mapped from the incoming <link + linkend="CLIENTCODEPAGE"><parameter>client code page</parameter> + </link> used by the client, into file names in the UNIX filesystem. + Only useful if <parameter>client code page</parameter> is set to + 932 (Japanese Shift-JIS). The options are :</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><constant>SJIS</constant> - Shift-JIS. Does no + conversion of the incoming filename.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>JIS8, J8BB, J8BH, J8@B, + J8@J, J8@H </constant> - Convert from incoming Shift-JIS to eight + bit JIS code with different shift-in, shift out codes.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>JIS7, J7BB, J7BH, J7@B, J7@J, + J7@H </constant> - Convert from incoming Shift-JIS to seven bit + JIS code with different shift-in, shift out codes.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>JUNET, JUBB, JUBH, JU@B, JU@J, JU@H </constant> + - Convert from incoming Shift-JIS to JUNET code with different shift-in, + shift out codes.</para></listitem> + + + <listitem><para><constant>EUC</constant> - Convert an incoming + Shift-JIS character to EUC code.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>HEX</constant> - Convert an incoming + Shift-JIS character to a 3 byte hex representation, i.e. + <constant>:AB</constant>.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>CAP</constant> - Convert an incoming + Shift-JIS character to the 3 byte hex representation used by + the Columbia AppleTalk Program (CAP), i.e. <constant>:AB</constant>. + This is used for compatibility between Samba and CAP.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="COMMENT">comment (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a text field that is seen next to a share + when a client does a queries the server, either via the network + neighborhood or via <command>net view</command> to list what shares + are available.</para> + + <para>If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the + machine name then see the <link linkend="SERVERSTRING"><parameter> + server string</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>No comment string</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>comment = Fred's Files</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CONFIGFILE">config file (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This allows you to override the config file + to use, instead of the default (usually <filename>smb.conf</filename>). + There is a chicken and egg problem here as this option is set + in the config file!</para> + + <para>For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed + when the parameters are loaded then it will reload them from + the new config file.</para> + + <para>This option takes the usual substitutions, which can + be very useful.</para> + + <para>If the config file doesn't exist then it won't be loaded + (allowing you to special case the config files of just a few + clients).</para> + + <para>Example: <command>config file = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m + </command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="COPY">copy (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter allows you to "clone" service + entries. The specified service is simply duplicated under the + current service's name. Any parameters specified in the current + section will override those in the section being copied.</para> + + <para>This feature lets you set up a 'template' service and + create similar services easily. Note that the service being + copied must occur earlier in the configuration file than the + service doing the copying.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>copy = otherservice</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CREATEMASK">create mask (S)</term> + <listitem><para>A synonym for this parameter is + <link linkend="CREATEMODE"><parameter>create mode</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>When a file is created, the necessary permissions are + calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX + permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed + with this parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise + MASK for the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit <emphasis>not</emphasis> + set here will be removed from the modes set on a file when it is + created.</para> + + <para>The default value of this parameter removes the + 'group' and 'other' write and execute bits from the UNIX modes.</para> + + <para>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode created + from this parameter with the value of the <link + linkend="FORCECREATEMODE"><parameter>force create mode</parameter></link> + parameter which is set to 000 by default.</para> + + <para>This parameter does not affect directory modes. See the + parameter <link linkend="DIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>directory mode + </parameter></link> for details.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="FORCECREATEMODE"><parameter>force + create mode</parameter></link> parameter for forcing particular mode + bits to be set on created files. See also the <link linkend="DIRECTORYMODE"> + <parameter>directory mode"</parameter></link> parameter for masking + mode bits on created directories. See also the <link linkend="INHERITPERMISSIONS"> + <parameter>inherit permissions</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>create mask = 0744</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>create mask = 0775</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="CREATEMODE">create mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a synonym for <link linkend="CREATEMASK"><parameter> + create mask</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEADTIME">deadtime (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The value of the parameter (a decimal integer) + represents the number of minutes of inactivity before a connection + is considered dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes + effect if the number of open files is zero.</para> + + <para>This is useful to stop a server's resources being + exhausted by a large number of inactive connections.</para> + + <para>Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a + connection is broken so in most cases this parameter should be + transparent to users.</para> + + <para>Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes + is recommended for most systems.</para> + + <para>A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection + should be performed.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>deadtime = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>deadtime = 15</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEBUGHIRESTIMESTAMP">debug hires timestamp (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages + are needed with a resolution of higher that seconds, this + boolean parameter adds microsecond resolution to the timestamp + message header when turned on.</para> + + <para>Note that the parameter <link linkend="DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><parameter> + debug timestamp</parameter></link> must be on for this to have an + effect.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>debug hires timestamp = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEBUGTIMESTAMP">debug timestamp (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Samba 2.2 debug log messages are timestamped + by default. If you are running at a high <link linkend="DEBUGLEVEL"> + <parameter>debug level</parameter></link> these timestamps + can be distracting. This boolean parameter allows timestamping + to be turned off.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>debug timestamp = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEBUGPID">debug pid (G)</term> + <listitem><para>When using only one log file for more then one + forked smbd-process there may be hard to follow which process + outputs which message. This boolean parameter is adds the process-id + to the timestamp message headers in the logfile when turned on.</para> + + <para>Note that the parameter <link linkend="DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><parameter> + debug timestamp</parameter></link> must be on for this to have an + effect.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>debug pid = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEBUGUID">debug uid (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime + run as the connected user, this boolean parameter inserts the + current euid, egid, uid and gid to the timestamp message headers + in the log file if turned on.</para> + + <para>Note that the parameter <link linkend="DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><parameter> + debug timestamp</parameter></link> must be on for this to have an + effect.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>debug uid = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEBUGLEVEL">debug level (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The value of the parameter (an integer) allows + the debug level (logging level) to be specified in the + <filename>smb.conf</filename> file. This is to give greater + flexibility in the configuration of the system.</para> + + <para>The default will be the debug level specified on + the command line or level zero if none was specified.</para> + + <para>Example: <command>debug level = 3</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEFAULT">default (G)</term> + <listitem><para>A synonym for <link linkend="DEFAULTSERVICE"><parameter> + default service</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEFAULTCASE">default case (S)</term> + <listitem><para>See the section on <link linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT"> + NAME MANGLING"</link>. Also note the <link linkend="SHORTPRESERVECASE"> + <parameter>short preserve case"</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DEFAULTSERVICE">default service (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the name of a service + which will be connected to if the service actually requested cannot + be found. Note that the square brackets are <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> + given in the parameter value (see example below).</para> + + <para>There is no default value for this parameter. If this + parameter is not given, attempting to connect to a nonexistent + service results in an error.</para> + + <para>Typically the default service would be a <link linkend="GUESTOK"> + <parameter>guest ok</parameter></link>, <link linkend="READONLY"> + <parameter>read-only</parameter></link> service.</para> + + <para>Also note that the apparent service name will be changed + to equal that of the requested service, this is very useful as it + allows you to use macros like <parameter>%S</parameter> to make + a wildcard service.</para> + + <para>Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service + used in the default service will get mapped to a "/". This allows for + interesting things.</para> + + + <para>Example:</para> + + <screen><computeroutput> + default service = pub + + [pub] + path = /%S + </computeroutput></screen> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DELETEUSERSCRIPT">delete user script (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis> by <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + <command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> under special circumstances + decribed below.</para> + + <para>Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are + created for all users accessing files on this server. For sites + that use Windows NT account databases as their primary user database + creating these users and keeping the user list in sync with the + Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option allows <command> + smbd</command> to delete the required UNIX users <emphasis>ON + DEMAND</emphasis> when a user accesses the Samba server and the + Windows NT user no longer exists.</para> + + <para>In order to use this option, <command>smbd</command> must be + set to <parameter>security=domain</parameter> and <parameter>delete + user script</parameter> must be set to a full pathname for a script + that will delete a UNIX user given one argument of <parameter>%u + </parameter>, which expands into the UNIX user name to delete. + <emphasis>NOTE</emphasis> that this is different to the <link + linkend="ADDUSERSCRIPT"><parameter>add user script</parameter></link> + which will work with the <parameter>security=server</parameter> option + as well as <parameter>security=domain</parameter>. The reason for this + is only when Samba is a domain member does it get the information + on an attempted user logon that a user no longer exists. In the + <parameter>security=server</parameter> mode a missing user + is treated the same as an invalid password logon attempt. Deleting + the user in this circumstance would not be a good idea.</para> + + <para>When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, + at <emphasis>login</emphasis> (session setup in the SMB protocol) + time, <command>smbd</command> contacts the <link linkend="PASSWORDSERVER"> + <parameter>password server</parameter></link> and attempts to authenticate + the given user with the given password. If the authentication fails + with the specific Domain error code meaning that the user no longer + exists then <command>smbd</command> attempts to find a UNIX user in + the UNIX password database that matches the Windows user account. If + this lookup succeeds, and <parameter>delete user script</parameter> is + set then <command>smbd</command> will all the specified script + <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis>, expanding any <parameter>%u</parameter> + argument to be the user name to delete.</para> + + <para>This script should delete the given UNIX username. In this way, + UNIX users are dynamically deleted to match existing Windows NT + accounts.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN">security=domain</link>, + <link linkend="PASSWORDSERVER"><parameter>password server</parameter> + </link>, <link linkend="ADDUSERSCRIPT"><parameter>add user script</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>delete user script = <empty string> + </command></para> + <para>Example: <command>delete user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/del_user + %u</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DELETEREADONLY">delete readonly (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter allows readonly files to be deleted. + This is not normal DOS semantics, but is allowed by UNIX.</para> + + <para>This option may be useful for running applications such + as rcs, where UNIX file ownership prevents changing file + permissions, and DOS semantics prevent deletion of a read only file.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>delete readonly = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DELETEVETOFILES">delete veto files (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This option is used when Samba is attempting to + delete a directory that contains one or more vetoed directories + (see the <link linkend="VETOFILES"><parameter>veto files</parameter></link> + option). If this option is set to False (the default) then if a vetoed + directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then the + directory delete will fail. This is usually what you want.</para> + + <para>If this option is set to <constant>True</constant>, then Samba + will attempt to recursively delete any files and directories within + the vetoed directory. This can be useful for integration with file + serving systems such as NetAtalk which create meta-files within + directories you might normally veto DOS/Windows users from seeing + (e.g. <filename>.AppleDouble</filename>)</para> + + <para>Setting <command>delete veto files = yes</command> allows these + directories to be transparently deleted when the parent directory + is deleted (so long as the user has permissions to do so).</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="VETOFILES"><parameter>veto + files</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>delete veto files = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DENYHOSTS">deny hosts (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="HOSTSDENY"><parameter>hosts + deny</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DFREECOMMAND">dfree command (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The <parameter>dfree command</parameter> setting should + only be used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal + disk space calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, + but may occur with other operating systems. The symptom that was + seen was an error of "Abort Retry Ignore" at the end of each + directory listing.</para> + + <para>This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to + calculate the total disk space and amount available with an external + routine. The example below gives a possible script that might fulfill + this function.</para> + + <para>The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating + a directory in the filesystem being queried. This will typically consist + of the string <filename>./</filename>. The script should return two + integers in ascii. The first should be the total disk space in blocks, + and the second should be the number of available blocks. An optional + third return value can give the block size in bytes. The default + blocksize is 1024 bytes.</para> + + <para>Note: Your script should <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> be setuid or + setgid and should be owned by (and writeable only by) root!</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>By default internal routines for + determining the disk capacity and remaining space will be used. + </emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>dfree command = /usr/local/samba/bin/dfree + </command></para> + + <para>Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:</para> + + <para><programlisting> + #!/bin/sh + df $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $2" "$4}' + </programlisting></para> + + <para>or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):</para> + + <para><programlisting> + #!/bin/sh + /usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $3" "$5}' + </programlisting></para> + + <para>Note that you may have to replace the command names + with full path names on some systems.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DIRECTORY">directory (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="PATH"><parameter>path + </parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DIRECTORYMASK">directory mask (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is the octal modes which are + used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX + directories.</para> + + <para>When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are + calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, + and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed with this + parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for + the UNIX modes of a directory. Any bit <emphasis>not</emphasis> set + here will be removed from the modes set on a directory when it is + created.</para> + + <para>The default value of this parameter removes the 'group' + and 'other' write bits from the UNIX mode, allowing only the + user who owns the directory to modify it.</para> + + <para>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode + created from this parameter with the value of the <link + linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>force directory mode + </parameter></link> parameter. This parameter is set to 000 by + default (i.e. no extra mode bits are added).</para> + + <para>See the <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>force + directory mode</parameter></link> parameter to cause particular mode + bits to always be set on created directories.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="CREATEMODE"><parameter>create mode + </parameter></link> parameter for masking mode bits on created files, + and the <link linkend="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><parameter>directory + security mask</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Also refer to the <link linkend="INHERITPERMISSIONS"><parameter> + inherit permissions</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>directory mask = 0755</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>directory mask = 0775</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DIRECTORYMODE">directory mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="DIRECTORYMASK"><parameter> + directory mask</parameter></link></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK">directory security mask (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits + can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX + permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog + box.</para> + + <para>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to + the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in + this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed + to change.</para> + + <para>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same + value as the <link linkend="DIRECTORYMASK"><parameter>directory + mask</parameter></link> parameter. To allow a user to + modify all the user/group/world permissions on a directory, set + this parameter to 0777.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to set + it to 0777.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"><parameter> + force directory security mode</parameter></link>, <link + linkend="SECURITYMASK"><parameter>security mask</parameter></link>, + <link linkend="FORCESECURITYMODE"><parameter>force security mode + </parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>directory security mask = <same as + directory mask></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>directory security mask = 0777</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DNSPROXY">dns proxy (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Specifies that <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> + when acting as a WINS server and finding that a NetBIOS name has not + been registered, should treat the NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS + name and do a lookup with the DNS server for that name on behalf of + the name-querying client.</para> + + <para>Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 + characters, so the DNS name (or DNS alias) can likewise only be + 15 characters, maximum.</para> + + <para><command>nmbd</command> spawns a second copy of itself to do the + DNS name lookup requests, as doing a name lookup is a blocking + action.</para> + + <para>See also the parameter <link linkend="WINSSUPPORT"><parameter> + wins support</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>dns proxy = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINADMINGROUP">domain admin group (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is an <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> parameter + that is part of the unfinished Samba NT Domain Controller Code. It may + be removed in a later release. To work with the latest code builds + that may have more support for Samba NT Domain Controller functionality + please subscribe to the mailing list <ulink + url="mailto:samba-ntdom@samba.org">samba-ntdom</ulink> available by + visiting the web page at <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/"> + http://lists.samba.org/</ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINADMINUSERS">domain admin users (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is an <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> parameter + that is part of the unfinished Samba NT Domain Controller Code. It may + be removed in a later release. To work with the latest code builds + that may have more support for Samba NT Domain Controller functionality + please subscribe to the mailing list <ulink + url="mailto:samba-ntdom@samba.org">samba-ntdom</ulink> available by + visiting the web page at <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/"> + http://lists.samba.org/</ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINGROUPS">domain groups (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is an <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> parameter + that is part of the unfinished Samba NT Domain Controller Code. It may + be removed in a later release. To work with the latest code builds + that may have more support for Samba NT Domain Controller functionality + please subscribe to the mailing list <ulink + url="mailto:samba-ntdom@samba.org">samba-ntdom</ulink> available by + visiting the web page at <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/"> + http://lists.samba.org/</ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINGUESTGROUP">domain guest group (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is an <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> parameter + that is part of the unfinished Samba NT Domain Controller Code. It may + be removed in a later release. To work with the latest code builds + that may have more support for Samba NT Domain Controller functionality + please subscribe to the mailing list <ulink + url="mailto:samba-ntdom@samba.org">samba-ntdom</ulink> available by + visiting the web page at <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/"> + http://lists.samba.org/</ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINGUESTUSERS">domain guest users (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is an <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> parameter + that is part of the unfinished Samba NT Domain Controller Code. It may + be removed in a later release. To work with the latest code builds + that may have more support for Samba NT Domain Controller functionality + please subscribe to the mailing list <ulink + url="mailto:samba-ntdom@samba.org">samba-ntdom</ulink> available by + visiting the web page at <ulink url="http://lists.samba.org/"> + http://lists.samba.org/</ulink>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINLOGONS">domain logons (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If set to true, the Samba server will serve + Windows 95/98 Domain logons for the <link linkend="WORKGROUP"> + <parameter>workgroup</parameter></link> it is in. Samba 2.2 also + has limited capability to act as a domain controller for Windows + NT 4 Domains. For more details on setting up this feature see + the file DOMAINS.txt in the Samba documentation directory <filename>docs/ + </filename> shipped with the source code.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>domain logons = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOMAINMASTER">domain master (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Tell <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"><command> + nmbd(8)</command></ulink> to enable WAN-wide browse list + collation. Setting this option causes <command>nmbd</command> to + claim a special domain specific NetBIOS name that identifies + it as a domain master browser for its given <link linkend="WORKGROUP"> + <parameter>workgroup</parameter></link>. Local master browsers + in the same <parameter>workgroup</parameter> on broadcast-isolated + subnets will give this <command>nmbd</command> their local browse lists, + and then ask <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> + for a complete copy of the browse list for the whole wide area + network. Browser clients will then contact their local master browser, + and will receive the domain-wide browse list, instead of just the list + for their broadcast-isolated subnet.</para> + + <para>Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be + able to claim this <parameter>workgroup</parameter> specific special + NetBIOS name that identifies them as domain master browsers for + that <parameter>workgroup</parameter> by default (i.e. there is no + way to prevent a Windows NT PDC from attempting to do this). This + means that if this parameter is set and <command>nmbd</command> claims + the special name for a <parameter>workgroup</parameter> before a Windows + NT PDC is able to do so then cross subnet browsing will behave + strangely and may fail.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>domain master = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DONTDESCEND">dont descend (S)</term> + <listitem><para>There are certain directories on some systems + (e.g., the <filename>/proc</filename> tree under Linux) that are either not + of interest to clients or are infinitely deep (recursive). This + parameter allows you to specify a comma-delimited list of directories + that the server should always show as empty.</para> + + <para>Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format + of the "dont descend" entries. For example you may need <filename> + ./proc</filename> instead of just <filename>/proc</filename>. + Experimentation is the best policy :-) </para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (i.e., all directories are OK + to descend)</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>dont descend = /proc,/dev</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOSFILETIMERESOLUTION">dos filetime resolution (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the finest + granularity on time resolution is two seconds. Setting this parameter + for a share causes Samba to round the reported time down to the + nearest two second boundary when a query call that requires one second + resolution is made to <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command> + </ulink>.</para> + + <para>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual + C++ when used against Samba shares. If oplocks are enabled on a + share, Visual C++ uses two different time reading calls to check if a + file has changed since it was last read. One of these calls uses a + one-second granularity, the other uses a two second granularity. As + the two second call rounds any odd second down, then if the file has a + timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps will not + match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has changed. Setting + this option causes the two timestamps to match, and Visual C++ is + happy.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>dos filetime resolution = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="DOSFILETIMES">dos filetimes (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to a + file they can change the timestamp on it. Under POSIX semantics, + only the owner of the file or root may change the timestamp. By + default, Samba runs with POSIX semantics and refuses to change the + timestamp on a file if the user <command>smbd</command> is acting + on behalf of is not the file owner. Setting this option to <constant> + True</constant> allows DOS semantics and smbd will change the file + timestamp as DOS requires.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>dos filetimes = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS">encrypt passwords (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean controls whether encrypted passwords + will be negotiated with the client. Note that Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and + above and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords + unless a registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in + Samba see the file ENCRYPTION.txt in the Samba documentation + directory <filename>docs/</filename> shipped with the source code.</para> + + <para>In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly + <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> must either + have access to a local <ulink url="smbpasswd.5.html"><filename>smbpasswd(5) + </filename></ulink> file (see the <ulink url="smbpasswd.8.html"><command> + smbpasswd(8)</command></ulink> program for information on how to set up + and maintain this file), or set the <link + linkend="SECURITY">security=[serve|domain]</link> parameter which + causes <command>smbd</command> to authenticate against another + server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>encrypt passwords = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="EXEC">exec (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a synonym for <link linkend="PREEXEC"> + <parameter>preexec</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FAKEDIRECTORYCREATETIMES">fake directory create times (S)</term> + <listitem><para>NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a create + time for all files and directories. This is not the same as the + ctime - status change time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default + reports the earliest of the various times Unix does keep. Setting + this parameter for a share causes Samba to always report midnight + 1-1-1980 as the create time for directories.</para> + + <para>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for + Visual C++ when used against Samba shares. Visual C++ generated + makefiles have the object directory as a dependency for each object + file, and a make rule to create the directory. Also, when NMAKE + compares timestamps it uses the creation time when examining a + directory. Thus the object directory will be created if it does not + exist, but once it does exist it will always have an earlier + timestamp than the object files it contains.</para> + + <para>However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time + reported by Samba will be updated whenever a file is created or + deleted in the directory. NMAKE therefore finds all object files + in the object directory bar the last one built are out of date + compared to the directory and rebuilds them. Enabling this option + ensures directories always predate their contents and an NMAKE build + will proceed as expected.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>fake directory create times = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FAKEOPLOCKS">fake oplocks (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission + from a server to locally cache file operations. If a server grants + an oplock (opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume + that it is the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively + cache file data. With some oplock types the client may even cache + file open/close operations. This can give enormous performance benefits. + </para> + + <para>When you set <command>fake oplocks = yes</command>, <ulink + url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> will + always grant oplock requests no matter how many clients are using + the file.</para> + + <para>It is generally much better to use the real <link + linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter></link> support rather + than this parameter.</para> + + <para>If you enable this option on all read-only shares or + shares that you know will only be accessed from one client at a + time such as physically read-only media like CDROMs, you will see + a big performance improvement on many operations. If you enable + this option on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the + files read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use + this option carefully!</para> + + <para>Default: <command>fake oplocks = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FOLLOWSYMLINKS">follow symlinks (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter allows the Samba administrator + to stop <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> + from following symbolic links in a particular share. Setting this + parameter to <constant>no</constant> prevents any file or directory + that is a symbolic link from being followed (the user will get an + error). This option is very useful to stop users from adding a + symbolic link to <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> in their home + directory for instance. However it will slow filename lookups + down slightly.</para> + + <para>This option is enabled (i.e. <command>smbd</command> will + follow symbolic links) by default.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>follow symlinks = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCECREATEMODE">force create mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit + permissions that will <emphasis>always</emphasis> be set on a + file by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto + the mode bits of a file that is being created or having its + permissions changed. The default for this parameter is (in octal) + 000. The modes in this parameter are bitwise 'OR'ed onto the file + mode after the mask set in the <parameter>create mask</parameter> + parameter is applied.</para> + + <para>See also the parameter <link linkend="CREATEMASK"><parameter>create + mask</parameter></link> for details on masking mode bits on files.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="INHERITPERMISSIONS"><parameter>inherit + permissions</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>force create mode = 000</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>force create mode = 0755</command></para> + + <para>would force all created files to have read and execute + permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the + read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE">force directory mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit + permissions that will <emphasis>always</emphasis> be set on a directory + created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto the + mode bits of a directory that is being created. The default for this + parameter is (in octal) 0000 which will not add any extra permission + bits to a created directory. This operation is done after the mode + mask in the parameter <parameter>directory mask</parameter> is + applied.</para> + + <para>See also the parameter <link linkend="DIRECTORYMASK"><parameter> + directory mask</parameter></link> for details on masking mode bits + on created directories.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="INHERITPERMISSIONS"><parameter> + inherit permissions</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>force directory mode = 000</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>force directory mode = 0755</command></para> + + <para>would force all created directories to have read and execute + permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the + read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE">force directory security mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits + can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX + permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.</para> + + <para>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the + changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that + the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security + on a directory, the user has always set to be 'on'.</para> + + <para>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same + value as the <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>force + directory mode</parameter></link> parameter. To allow + a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a + directory, with restrictions set this parameter to 000.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to set + it to 0000.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><parameter> + directory security mask</parameter></link>, <link linkend="SECURITYMASK"> + <parameter>security mask</parameter></link>, + <link linkend="FORCESECURITYMODE"><parameter>force security mode + </parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>force directory security mode = <same as + force directory mode></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>force directory security mode = 0</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCEGROUP">force group (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies a UNIX group name that will be + assigned as the default primary group for all users connecting + to this service. This is useful for sharing files by ensuring + that all access to files on service will use the named group for + their permissions checking. Thus, by assigning permissions for this + group to the files and directories within this service the Samba + administrator can restrict or allow sharing of these files.</para> + + <para>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended + functionality in the following way. If the group name listed here + has a '+' character prepended to it then the current user accessing + the share only has the primary group default assigned to this group + if they are already assigned as a member of that group. This allows + an administrator to decide that only users who are already in a + particular group will create files with group ownership set to that + group. This gives a finer granularity of ownership assignment. For + example, the setting <filename>force group = +sys</filename> means + that only users who are already in group sys will have their default + primary group assigned to sys when accessing this Samba share. All + other users will retain their ordinary primary group.</para> + + <para>If the <link linkend="FORCEUSER"><parameter>force user + </parameter></link> parameter is also set the group specified in + <parameter>force group</parameter> will override the primary group + set in <parameter>force user</parameter>.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="FORCEUSER"><parameter>force + user</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no forced group</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>force group = agroup</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCESECURITYMODE">force security mode (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls what UNIX permission + bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating + the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security dialog + box.</para> + + <para>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the + changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that + the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security + on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</para> + + <para>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same + value as the <link linkend="FORCECREATEMODE"><parameter>force + create mode</parameter></link> parameter. To allow a user to + modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file, with no + restrictions set this parameter to 000.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that users who can access + the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to set + it to 0000.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"><parameter> + force directory security mode</parameter></link>, + <link linkend="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><parameter>directory security + mask</parameter></link>, <link linkend="SECURITYMASK"><parameter> + security mask</parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>force security mode = <same as force + create mode></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>force security mode = 0</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FORCEUSER">force user (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies a UNIX user name that will be + assigned as the default user for all users connecting to this service. + This is useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully + as using it incorrectly can cause security problems.</para> + + <para>This user name only gets used once a connection is established. + Thus clients still need to connect as a valid user and supply a + valid password. Once connected, all file operations will be performed + as the "forced user", no matter what username the client connected + as.</para> + + <para>This can be very useful.</para> + + <para>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the + primary group of the forced user to be used as the primary group + for all file activity. Prior to 2.0.5 the primary group was left + as the primary group of the connecting user (this was a bug).</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="FORCEGROUP"><parameter>force group + </parameter></link></para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no forced user</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>force user = auser</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="FSTYPE">fstype (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter allows the administrator to + configure the string that specifies the type of filesystem a share + is using that is reported by <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8) + </command></ulink> when a client queries the filesystem type + for a share. The default type is <constant>NTFS</constant> for + compatibility with Windows NT but this can be changed to other + strings such as <constant>Samba</constant> or <constant>FAT + </constant> if required.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>fstype = NTFS</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>fstype = Samba</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="GETWDCACHE">getwd cache (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a tuning option. When this is enabled a + caching algorithm will be used to reduce the time taken for getwd() + calls. This can have a significant impact on performance, especially + when the <link linkend="WIDELINKS"><parameter>wide links</parameter> + </link>parameter is set to <constant>False</constant>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>getwd cache = No</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="GROUP">group (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="FORCEGROUP"><parameter>force + group</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="GUESTACCOUNT">guest account (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a username which will be used for access + to services which are specified as <link linkend="GUESTOK"><parameter> + guest ok</parameter></link> (see below). Whatever privileges this + ser has will be available to any client connecting to the guest service. + Typically this user will exist in the password file, but will not + have a valid login. The user account "ftp" is often a good choice + for this parameter. If a username is specified in a given service, + the specified username overrides this one.</para> + + <para>One some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not + be able to print. Use another account in this case. You should test + this by trying to log in as your guest user (perhaps by using the + <command>su -</command> command) and trying to print using the + system print command such as <command>lpr(1)</command> or <command> + lp(1)</command>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>specified at compile time, usually + "nobody"</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>guest account = ftp</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="GUESTOK">guest ok (S)</term> + <listitem><para>If this parameter is <constant>yes</constant> for + a service, then no password is equired to connect to the service. + Privileges will be those of the <link linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter> + guest account</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>See the section below on <link linkend="SECURITY"><parameter> + security</parameter></link> for more information about this option. + </para> + + <para>Default: <command>guest ok = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="GUESTONLY">guest only (S)</term> + <listitem><para>If this parameter is <constant>yes</constant> for + a service, then only guest connections to the service are permitted. + This parameter will have no affect if <link linkend="GUESTOK"> + <parameter>guest ok</parameter></link> is not set for the service.</para> + + <para>See the section below on <link linkend="SECURITY"><parameter> + security</parameter></link> for more information about this option. + </para> + + <para>Default: <command>guest only = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HIDEDOTFILES">hide dot files (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean parameter that controls whether + files starting with a dot appear as hidden files.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>hide dot files = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HIDEFILES">hide files(S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of files or directories that are not + visible but are accessible. The DOS 'hidden' attribute is applied + to any files or directories that match.</para> + + <para>Each entry in the list must be separated by a '/', + which allows spaces to be included in the entry. '*' + and '?' can be used to specify multiple files or directories + as in DOS wildcards.</para> + + <para>Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must + not include the Unix directory separator '/'.</para> + + <para>Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable + in hiding files.</para> + + <para>Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, + as it will be forced to check all files and directories for a match + as they are scanned.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="HIDEDOTFILES"><parameter>hide + dot files</parameter></link>, <link linkend="VETOFILES"><parameter> + veto files</parameter></link> and <link linkend="CASESENSITIVE"> + <parameter>case sensitive</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no file are hidden</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>hide files = + /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/</command></para> + + <para>The above example is based on files that the Macintosh + SMB client (DAVE) available from <ulink url="http://www.thursby.com"> + Thursby</ulink> creates for internal use, and also still hides + all files beginning with a dot.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HIDELOCALUSERS">hide local users(G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter toggles the hiding of local UNIX + users (root, wheel, floppy, etc) from remote clients.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>hide local users = no</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HOMEDIRMAP">homedir map (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If<link linkend="NISHOMEDIR"><parameter>nis homedir + </parameter></link> is <constant>True</constant>, and <ulink + url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink> is also acting + as a Win95/98 <parameter>logon server</parameter> then this parameter + specifies the NIS (or YP) map from which the server for the user's + home directory should be extracted. At present, only the Sun + auto.home map format is understood. The form of the map is:</para> + + <para><command>username server:/some/file/system</command></para> + + <para>and the program will extract the servername from before + the first ':'. There should probably be a better parsing system + that copes with different map formats and also Amd (another + automounter) maps.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE :</emphasis>A working NIS client is required on + the system for this option to work.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="NISHOMEDIR"><parameter>nis homedir</parameter> + </link>, <link linkend="DOMAINLOGONS"><parameter>domain logons</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>homedir map = auto.home</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>homedir map = amd.homedir</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HOSTSALLOW">hosts allow (S)</term> + <listitem><para>A synonym for this parameter is <parameter>allow + hosts</parameter>.</para> + + <para>This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited + set of hosts which are permitted to access a service.</para> + + <para>If specified in the [global] section then it will + apply to all services, regardless of whether the individual + service has a different setting.</para> + + <para>You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For + example, you could restrict access to only the hosts on a + Class C subnet with something like <command>allow hosts = 150.203.5. + </command>. The full syntax of the list is described in the man + page <filename>hosts_access(5)</filename>. Note that this man + page may not be present on your system, so a brief description will + be given here also.</para> + + <para>Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always + be allowed access unless specifically denied by a <link + linkend="HOSTSDENY"><parameter>hosts deny</parameter></link> option.</para> + + <para>You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and + by netgroup names if your system supports netgroups. The + <emphasis>EXCEPT</emphasis> keyword can also be used to limit a + wildcard list. The following examples may provide some help:</para> + + <para>Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one</para> + + <para><command>hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66</command></para> + + <para>Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask</para> + + <para><command>hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0</command></para> + + <para>Example 3: allow a couple of hosts</para> + + <para><command>hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur</command></para> + + <para>Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but + deny access from one particular host</para> + + <para><command>hosts allow = @foonet</command></para> + + <para><command>hosts deny = pirate</command></para> + + <para>Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords.</para> + + <para>See <ulink url="testparm.1.html"><command>testparm(1)</command> + </ulink> for a way of testing your host access to see if it does + what you expect.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (i.e., all hosts permitted access) + </emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>allow hosts = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.edu.au + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HOSTSDENY">hosts deny (S)</term> + <listitem><para>The opposite of <parameter>hosts allow</parameter> + - hosts listed here are <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> permitted access to + services unless the specific services have their own lists to override + this one. Where the lists conflict, the <parameter>allow</parameter> + list takes precedence.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (i.e., no hosts specifically excluded) + </emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>hosts deny = 150.203.4. badhost.mynet.edu.au + </command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="HOSTSEQUIV">hosts equiv (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If this global parameter is a non-null string, + it specifies the name of a file to read for the names of hosts + and users who will be allowed access without specifying a password. + </para> + + <para>This is not be confused with <link linkend="HOSTSALLOW"> + <parameter>hosts allow</parameter></link> which is about hosts + access to services and is more useful for guest services. <parameter> + hosts equiv</parameter> may be useful for NT clients which will + not supply passwords to samba.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE :</emphasis> The use of <parameter>hosts equiv + </parameter> can be a major security hole. This is because you are + trusting the PC to supply the correct username. It is very easy to + get a PC to supply a false username. I recommend that the + <parameter>hosts equiv</parameter> option be only used if you really + know what you are doing, or perhaps on a home network where you trust + your spouse and kids. And only if you <emphasis>really</emphasis> trust + them :-).</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no host equivalences</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>hosts equiv = /etc/hosts.equiv</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="INCLUDE">include (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This allows you to include one config file + inside another. The file is included literally, as though typed + in place.</para> + + <para>It takes the standard substitutions, except <parameter>%u + </parameter>, <parameter>%P</parameter> and <parameter>%S</parameter>. + </para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no file included</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>include = /usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf + </command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="INHERITPERMISSIONS">inherit permissions (S)</term> + <listitem><para>The permissions on new files and directories + are normally governed by <link linkend="CREATEMASK"><parameter> + create mask</parameter></link>, <link linkend="DIRECTORYMASK"> + <parameter>directory mask</parameter></link>, <link + linkend="FORCECREATEMODE"><parameter>force create mode</parameter> + </link> and <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>force + directory mode</parameter></link> but the boolean inherit + permissions parameter overrides this.</para> + + <para>New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, + including bits such as setgid.</para> + + <para>New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent + directory. Their execute bits continue to be determined by + <link linkend="MAPARCHIVE"><parameter>map archive</parameter> + </link>, <link linkend="MAPHIDDEN"><parameter>map hidden</parameter> + </link> and <link linkend="MAPSYSTEM"><parameter>map system</parameter> + </link> as usual.</para> + + <para>Note that the setuid bit is <emphasis>never</emphasis> set via + inheritance (the code explicitly prohibits this).</para> + + <para>This can be particularly useful on large systems with + many users, perhaps several thousand,to allow a single [homes] + share to be used flexibly by each user.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="CREATEMASK"><parameter>create mask + </parameter></link>, <link linkend="DIRECTORYMASK"><parameter> + directory mask</parameter></link>, <link linkend="FORCECREATEMODE"> + <parameter>force create mode</parameter></link> and <link + linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><parameter>force directory mode</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>inherit permissions = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="INTERFACES">interfaces (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to override the default + network interfaces list that Samba will use for browsing, name + registration and other NBT traffic. By default Samba will query + the kernel for the list of all active interfaces and use any + interfaces except 127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.</para> + + <para>The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string + can be in any of the following forms:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>a network interface name (such as eth0). + This may include shell-like wildcards so eth* will match + any interface starting with the substring "eth"</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>an IP address. In this case the netmask is + determined from the list of interfaces obtained from the + kernel</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>an IP/mask pair. </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>a broadcast/mask pair.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such + as 24 for a C class network) or a full netmask in dotted + decmal form.</para> + + <para>The "IP" parameters above can either be a full dotted + decimal IP address or a hostname which will be looked up via + the OSes normal hostname resolution mechanisms.</para> + + <para>For example, the following line:</para> + + <para><command>interfaces = eth0 192.168.2.10/24 192.168.3.10/255.255.255.0 + </command></para> + + <para>would configure three network interfaces corresponding + to the eth0 device and IP addresses 192.168.2.10 and 192.168.3.10. + The netmasks of the latter two interfaces would be set to 255.255.255.0.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="BINDINTERFACESONLY"><parameter>bind + interfaces only</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="INVALIDUSERS">invalid users (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users that should not be allowed + to login to this service. This is really a <emphasis>paranoid</emphasis> + check to absolutely ensure an improper setting does not breach + your security.</para> + + <para>A name starting with a '@' is interpreted as an NIS + netgroup first (if your system supports NIS), and then as a UNIX + group if the name was not found in the NIS netgroup database.</para> + + <para>A name starting with '+' is interpreted only + by looking in the UNIX group database. A name starting with + '&' is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup database + (this requires NIS to be working on your system). The characters + '+' and '&' may be used at the start of the name in either order + so the value <parameter>+&group</parameter> means check the + UNIX group database, followed by the NIS netgroup database, and + the value <parameter>&+group"</parameter> means check the NIS + netgroup database, followed by the UNIX group database (the + same as the '@' prefix).</para> + + <para>The current servicename is substituted for <parameter>%S</parameter>. + This is useful in the [homes] section.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="VALIDUSERS"><parameter>valid users + </parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no invalid users</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>invalid users = root fred admin @wheel + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="KEEPALIVE">keepalive (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The value of the parameter (an integer) represents + the number of seconds between <parameter>keepalive</parameter> + packets. If this parameter is zero, no keepalive packets will be + sent. Keepalive packets, if sent, allow the server to tell whether + a client is still present and responding.</para> + + <para>Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket + being used has the SO_KEEPALIVE attribute set on it (see <link + linkend="SOCKETOPTIONS"><parameter>socket options</parameter></link>). + Basically you should only use this option if you strike difficulties.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>keepalive = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>keepalive = 60</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="KERNELOPLOCKS">kernel oplocks (G)</term> + <listitem><para>For UNIXs that support kernel based <link + linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter></link> + (currently only IRIX and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this parameter + allows the use of them to be turned on or off.</para> + + <para>Kernel oplocks support allows Samba <parameter>oplocks + </parameter> to be broken whenever a local UNIX process or NFS operation + accesses a file that <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command> + </ulink> has oplocked. This allows complete data consistency between + SMB/CIFS, NFS and local file access (and is a <emphasis>very</emphasis> + cool feature :-).</para> + + <para>This parameter defaults to <constant>on</constant> on systems + that have the support, and <constant>off</constant> on systems that + don't. You should never need to touch this parameter.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter> + </link> and <link linkend="LEVEL2OPLOCKS"><parameter>level2 oplocks + </parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>kernel oplocks = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LEVEL2OPLOCKS">level2 oplocks (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls whether Samba supports + level2 (read-only) oplocks on a share.</para> + + <para>Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients + that have an oplock on a file to downgrade from a read-write oplock + to a read-only oplock once a second client opens the file (instead + of releasing all oplocks on a second open, as in traditional, + exclusive oplocks). This allows all openers of the file that + support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead only (ie. + they may not cache writes or lock requests) and increases performance + for many acesses of files that are not commonly written (such as + application .EXE files).</para> + + <para>Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock + writes to the file all clients are notified (no reply is needed + or waited for) and told to break their oplocks to "none" and + delete any read-ahead caches.</para> + + <para>It is recommended that this parameter be turned on + to speed access to shared executables (and also to test + the code :-).</para> + + <para>For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.</para> + + <para>Currently, if <link linkend="KERNELOPLOCKS"><parameter>kernel + oplocks</parameter></link> are supported then level2 oplocks are + not granted (even if this parameter is set to <constant>yes</constant>). + Note also, the <link linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter> + </link> parameter must be set to "true" on this share in order for + this parameter to have any effect.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter> + </link> and <link linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>kernel oplocks</parameter> + </link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>level2 oplocks = False</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LMANNOUNCE">lm announce (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter determines if <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"> + <command>nmbd(8)</command></ulink> will produce Lanman announce + broadcasts that are needed by OS/2 clients in order for them to see + the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter can have three + values, <constant>true</constant>, <constant>false</constant>, or + <constant>auto</constant>. The default is <constant>auto</constant>. + If set to <constant>false</constant> Samba will never produce these + broadcasts. If set to <constant>true</constant> Samba will produce + Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency set by the parameter + <parameter>lm interval</parameter>. If set to <constant>auto</constant> + Samba will not send Lanman announce broadcasts by default but will + listen for them. If it hears such a broadcast on the wire it will + then start sending them at a frequency set by the parameter + <parameter>lm interval</parameter>.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="LMINTERVAL"><parameter>lm interval + </parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>lm announce = auto</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>lm announce = true</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LMINTERVAL">lm interval (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce + broadcasts needed by OS/2 clients (see the <link linkend="LMANNOUNCE"> + <parameter>lm announce</parameter></link> parameter) then this + parameter defines the frequency in seconds with which they will be + made. If this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be + made despite the setting of the <parameter>lm announce</parameter> + parameter.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="LMANNOUNCE"><parameter>lm + announce</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>lm interval = 60</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>lm interval = 120</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOADPRINTERS">load printers (G)</term> + <listitem><para>A boolean variable that controls whether all + printers in the printcap will be loaded for browsing by default. + See the <link linkend="PRINTERSSECT">printers</link> section for + more details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>load printers = yes</command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOCALMASTER">local master (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"><command> + nmbd(8)</command></ulink> to try and become a local master browser + on a subnet. If set to <constant>False</constant> then <command> + nmbd</command> will not attempt to become a local master browser + on a subnet and will also lose in all browsing elections. By + default this value is set to true. Setting this value to true doesn't + mean that Samba will <emphasis>become</emphasis> the local master + browser on a subnet, just that <command>nmbd</command> will <emphasis> + participate</emphasis> in elections for local master browser.</para> + + <para>Setting this value to False will cause <command>nmbd</command> + <emphasis>never</emphasis> to become a local master browser.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>local master = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOCKDIR">lock dir (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="LOCKDIRECTORY"><parameter> + lock directory</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOCKDIRECTORY">lock directory (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option specifies the directory where lock + files will be placed. The lock files are used to implement the + <link linkend="MAXCONNECTIONS"><parameter>max connections</parameter> + </link> option.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>lock directory = /tmp/samba</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>lock directory = /usr/local/samba/var/locks</command> + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOCKING">locking (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether or not locking will be + performed by the server in response to lock requests from the + client.</para> + + <para>If <command>locking = no</command>, all lock and unlock requests + will appear to succeed and all lock queries will indicate that the + queried lock is clear.</para> + + <para>If <command>locking = yes</command>, real locking will be performed + by the server.</para> + + <para>This option <emphasis>may</emphasis> be useful for read-only + filesystems which <emphasis>may</emphasis> not need locking (such as + cdrom drives), although setting this parameter of <constant>no</constant> + is not really recommended even in this case.</para> + + <para>Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a + specific service, as lack of locking may result in data corruption. + You should never need to set this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>locking = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGFILE">log file (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This options allows you to override the name + of the Samba log file (also known as the debug file).</para> + + <para>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate log files for each user or machine.</para> + + <para>Example: <command>log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m + </command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGLEVEL">log level (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="DEBUGLEVEL"><parameter> + debug level</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGONDRIVE">logon drive (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the local path to + which the home directory will be connected (see <link + linkend="LOGONHOME"><parameter>logon home</parameter></link>) + and is only used by NT Workstations. </para> + + <para>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a + logon server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>logon drive = z:</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>logon drive = h:</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGONHOME">logon home (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the home directory + location when a Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs into a Samba PDC. + It allows you to do </para> + + <para><prompt>C:\> </prompt><userinput>NET USE H: /HOME</userinput> + </para> + + <para>from a command prompt, for example.</para> + + <para>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</para> + + <para>This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure + that roaming profiles are stored in a subdirectory of the user's + home directory. This is done in the following way:</para> + + <para><command>logon home = \\%L\%U\profile</command></para> + + <para>This tells Samba to return the above string, with + substitutions made when a client requests the info, generally + in a NetUserGetInfo request. Win9X clients truncate the info to + \\server\share when a user does <command>net use /home"</command> + but use the whole string when dealing with profiles.</para> + + <para>Note that in prior versions of Samba, the <link linkend="LOGONPATH"> + <parameter>logon path</parameter></link> was returned rather than + <parameter>logon home</parameter>. This broke <command>net use + /home</command> but allowed profiles outside the home directory. + The current implementation is correct, and can be used for + profiles if you use the above trick.</para> + + <para>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon + server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>logon home = "\\%N\%U"</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>logon home = "\\remote_smb_server\%U"</command> + </para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGONPATH">logon path (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the home directory + where roaming profiles (NTuser.dat etc files for Windows NT) are + stored. Contrary to previous versions of these manual pages, it has + nothing to do with Win 9X roaming profiles. To find out how to + handle roaming profiles for Win 9X system, see the <link linkend="LOGONHOME"> + <parameter>logon home</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you + to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine. It also + specifies the directory from which the "Application Data", + (<filename>desktop</filename>, <filename>start menu</filename>, + <filename>network neighborhood</filename>, <filename>programs</filename> + and other folders, and their contents, are loaded and displayed on + your Windows NT client.</para> + + <para>The share and the path must be readable by the user for + the preferences and directories to be loaded onto the Windows NT + client. The share must be writeable when the logs in for the first + time, in order that the Windows NT client can create the NTuser.dat + and other directories.</para> + + <para>Thereafter, the directories and any of the contents can, + if required, be made read-only. It is not advisable that the + NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to NTuser.man to + achieve the desired effect (a <emphasis>MAN</emphasis>datory + profile). </para> + + <para>Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to + the [homes] share, even though there is no user logged in. + Therefore, it is vital that the logon path does not include a + reference to the homes share (i.e. setting this parameter to + \%N\%U\profile_path will cause problems).</para> + + <para>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</para> + + <para>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up + as a logon server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>logon path = \\%N\%U\profile</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>logon path = \\PROFILESERVER\PROFILE\%U</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LOGONSCRIPT">logon script (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat) or + NT command file (.cmd) to be downloaded and run on a machine when + a user successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS + style cr/lf line endings. Using a DOS-style editor to create the + file is recommended.</para> + + <para>The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] + service. If the [netlogon] service specifies a <link linkend="PATH"> + <parameter>path</parameter></link> of <filename>/usr/local/samba/netlogon + </filename>, and <command>logon script = STARTUP.BAT</command>, then + the file that will be downloaded is:</para> + + <para><filename>/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT</filename></para> + + <para>The contents of the batch file is entirely your choice. A + suggested command would be to add <command>NET TIME \\SERVER /SET + /YES</command>, to force every machine to synchronize clocks with + the same time server. Another use would be to add <command>NET USE + U: \\SERVER\UTILS</command> for commonly used utilities, or <command> + NET USE Q: \\SERVER\ISO9001_QA</command> for example.</para> + + <para>Note that it is particularly important not to allow write + access to the [netlogon] share, or to grant users write permission + on the batch files in a secure environment, as this would allow + the batch files to be arbitrarily modified and security to be + breached.</para> + + <para>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you + to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</para> + + <para>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon + server.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no logon script defined</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>logon script = scripts\%U.bat</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LPPAUSECOMMAND">lppause command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to stop printing or spooling + a specific print job.</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number to pause the print job. One way + of implementing this is by using job priorities, where jobs + having a too low priority won't be sent to the printer.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. A <parameter>%j</parameter> is replaced with + the job number (an integer). On HPUX (see <parameter>printing=hpux + </parameter>), if the <parameter>-p%p</parameter> option is added + to the lpq command, the job will show up with the correct status, i.e. + if the job priority is lower than the set fence priority it will + have the PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is equal or higher it + will have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.</para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the lppause command as the PATH may not be available to the server.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: Currently no default value is given to + this string, unless the value of the <parameter>printing</parameter> + parameter is <constant>SYSV</constant>, in which case the default is :</para> + + <para><command>lp -i %p-%j -H hold</command></para> + + <para>or if the value of the <parameter>printing</parameter> parameter + is <constant>SOFTQ</constant>, then the default is:</para> + + <para><command>qstat -s -j%j -h</command></para> + + <para>Example for HPUX: <command>lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt + %p-%j -p0</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LPQCACHETIME">lpq cache time (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls how long lpq info will be cached + for to prevent the <command>lpq</command> command being called too + often. A separate cache is kept for each variation of the <command> + lpq</command> command used by the system, so if you use different + <command>lpq</command> commands for different users then they won't + share cache information.</para> + + <para>The cache files are stored in <filename>/tmp/lpq.xxxx</filename> + where xxxx is a hash of the <command>lpq</command> command in use.</para> + + <para>The default is 10 seconds, meaning that the cached results + of a previous identical <command>lpq</command> command will be used + if the cached data is less than 10 seconds old. A large value may + be advisable if your <command>lpq</command> command is very slow.</para> + + <para>A value of 0 will disable caching completely.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>lpq cache time = 10</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>lpq cache time = 30</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LPQCOMMAND">lpq command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to obtain <command>lpq + </command>-style printer status information.</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which + takes a printer name as its only parameter and outputs printer + status information.</para> + + <para>Currently eight styles of printer status information + are supported; BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX and SOFTQ. + This covers most UNIX systems. You control which type is expected + using the <parameter>printing =</parameter> option.</para> + + <para>Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not + correctly send the connection number for the printer they are + requesting status information about. To get around this, the + server reports on the first printer service connected to by the + client. This only happens if the connection number sent is invalid.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the + command.</para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the <parameter>lpq command</parameter> as the PATH may not be + available to the server.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>depends on the setting of <parameter> + printing</parameter></emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq %p</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LPRESUMECOMMAND">lpresume command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to restart or continue + printing or spooling a specific print job.</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number to resume the print job. See + also the <link linkend="LPPAUSECOMMAND"><parameter>lppause command + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. A <parameter>%j</parameter> is replaced with + the job number (an integer).</para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the <parameter>lpresume command</parameter> as the PATH may not + be available to the server.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: Currently no default value is given + to this string, unless the value of the <parameter>printing</parameter> + parameter is <constant>SYSV</constant>, in which case the default is :</para> + + <para><command>lp -i %p-%j -H resume</command></para> + + <para>or if the value of the <parameter>printing</parameter> parameter + is <constant>SOFTQ</constant>, then the default is:</para> + + <para><command>qstat -s -j%j -r</command></para> + + <para>Example for HPUX: <command>lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt + %p-%j -p2</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="LPRMCOMMAND">lprm command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to delete a print job.</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number, and deletes the print job.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. A <parameter>%j</parameter> is replaced with + the job number (an integer).</para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the <parameter>lprm command</parameter> as the PATH may not be + available to the server.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>depends on the setting of <parameter>printing + </parameter></emphasis></para> + + <para>Example 1: <command>lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j + </command></para> + <para>Example 2: <command>lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j + </command></para></listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MACHINEPASSWORDTIMEOUT">machine password timeout (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If a Samba server is a member of an Windows + NT Domain (see the <link linkend="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN">security=domain</link>) + parameter) then periodically a running <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + smbd(8)</ulink> process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT + PASSWORD stored in the TDB called <filename>private/secrets.tdb + </filename>. This parameter specifies how often this password + will be changed, in seconds. The default is one week (expressed in + seconds), the same as a Windows NT Domain member server.</para> + + <para>See also <ulink url="smbpasswd.8.html"><command>smbpasswd(8) + </command></ulink>, and the <link linkend="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"> + security=domain</link>) parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>machine password timeout = 604800</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAGICOUTPUT">magic output (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the name of a file + which will contain output created by a magic script (see the + <link linkend="MAGICSCRIPT"><parameter>magic script</parameter></link> + parameter below).</para> + + <para>Warning: If two clients use the same <parameter>magic script + </parameter> in the same directory the output file content + is undefined.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>magic output = <magic script name>.out + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>magic output = myfile.txt</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAGICSCRIPT">magic script (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the name of a file which, + if opened, will be executed by the server when the file is closed. + This allows a UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and + executed on behalf of the connected user.</para> + + <para>Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon + completion, permissions permitting.</para> + + <para>If the script generates output, output will be sent to + the file specified by the <link linkend="MAGICOUTPUT"><parameter> + magic output</parameter></link> parameter (see above).</para> + + <para>Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts + containing carriage-return-linefeed instead of linefeed as + the end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must be executable + <emphasis>as is</emphasis> on the host, which for some hosts and + some shells will require filtering at the DOS end.</para> + + <para>Magic scripts are <emphasis>EXPERIMENTAL</emphasis> and + should <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> be relied upon.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>None. Magic scripts disabled.</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>magic script = user.csh</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MANGLECASE">mangle case (S)</term> + <listitem><para>See the section on <link linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT"> + NAME MANGLING</link></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MANGLEDMAP">mangled map (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is for those who want to directly map UNIX + file names which can not be represented on Windows/DOS. The mangling + of names is not always what is needed. In particular you may have + documents with file extensions that differ between DOS and UNIX. + For example, under UNIX it is common to use <filename>.html</filename> + for HTML files, whereas under Windows/DOS <filename>.htm</filename> + is more commonly used.</para> + + <para>So to map <filename>html</filename> to <filename>htm</filename> + you would use:</para> + + <para><command>mangled map = (*.html *.htm)</command></para> + + <para>One very useful case is to remove the annoying <filename>;1 + </filename> off the ends of filenames on some CDROMS (only visible + under some UNIXs). To do this use a map of (*;1 *;).</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no mangled map</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>mangled map = (*;1 *;)</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MANGLEDNAMES">mangled names (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX + should be mapped to DOS-compatible names ("mangled") and made visible, + or whether non-DOS names should simply be ignored.</para> + + <para>See the section on <link linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT"> + NAME MANGLING</link> for details on how to control the mangling process.</para> + + <para>If mangling is used then the mangling algorithm is as follows:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>The first (up to) five alphanumeric characters + before the rightmost dot of the filename are preserved, forced + to upper case, and appear as the first (up to) five characters + of the mangled name.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>A tilde "~" is appended to the first part of the mangled + name, followed by a two-character unique sequence, based on the + original root name (i.e., the original filename minus its final + extension). The final extension is included in the hash calculation + only if it contains any upper case characters or is longer than three + characters.</para> + + <para>Note that the character to use may be specified using + the <link linkend="MANGLINGCHAR"><parameter>mangling char</parameter> + </link> option, if you don't like '~'.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The first three alphanumeric characters of the final + extension are preserved, forced to upper case and appear as the + extension of the mangled name. The final extension is defined as that + part of the original filename after the rightmost dot. If there are no + dots in the filename, the mangled name will have no extension (except + in the case of "hidden files" - see below).</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot will be + presented as DOS hidden files. The mangled name will be created as + for other filenames, but with the leading dot removed and "___" as + its extension regardless of actual original extension (that's three + underscores).</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>The two-digit hash value consists of upper case + alphanumeric characters.</para> + + <para>This algorithm can cause name collisions only if files + in a directory share the same first five alphanumeric characters. + The probability of such a clash is 1/1300.</para> + + <para>The name mangling (if enabled) allows a file to be + copied between UNIX directories from Windows/DOS while retaining + the long UNIX filename. UNIX files can be renamed to a new extension + from Windows/DOS and will retain the same basename. Mangled names + do not change between sessions.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>mangled names = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MANGLINGCHAR">mangling char (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls what character is used as + the <emphasis>magic</emphasis> character in <link + linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT">name mangling</link>. The default is a '~' + but this may interfere with some software. Use this option to set + it to whatever you prefer.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>mangling char = ~</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>mangling char = ^</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MANGLEDSTACK">mangled stack (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls the number of mangled names + that should be cached in the Samba server <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + smbd(8)</ulink>.</para> + + <para>This stack is a list of recently mangled base names + (extensions are only maintained if they are longer than 3 characters + or contains upper case characters).</para> + + <para>The larger this value, the more likely it is that mangled + names can be successfully converted to correct long UNIX names. + However, large stack sizes will slow most directory access. Smaller + stacks save memory in the server (each stack element costs 256 bytes). + </para> + + <para>It is not possible to absolutely guarantee correct long + file names, so be prepared for some surprises!</para> + + <para>Default: <command>mangled stack = 50</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>mangled stack = 100</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAPARCHIVE">map archive (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether the DOS archive attribute + should be mapped to the UNIX owner execute bit. The DOS archive bit + is set when a file has been modified since its last backup. One + motivation for this option it to keep Samba/your PC from making + any file it touches from becoming executable under UNIX. This can + be quite annoying for shared source code, documents, etc...</para> + + <para>Note that this requires the <parameter>create mask</parameter> + parameter to be set such that owner execute bit is not masked out + (i.e. it must include 100). See the parameter <link linkend="CREATEMASK"> + <parameter>create mask</parameter></link> for details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>map archive = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAPHIDDEN">map hidden (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether DOS style hidden files + should be mapped to the UNIX world execute bit.</para> + + <para>Note that this requires the <parameter>create mask</parameter> + to be set such that the world execute bit is not masked out (i.e. + it must include 001). See the parameter <link linkend="CREATEMASK"> + <parameter>create mask</parameter></link> for details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>map hidden = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAPSYSTEM">map system (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls whether DOS style system files + should be mapped to the UNIX group execute bit.</para> + + <para>Note that this requires the <parameter>create mask</parameter> + to be set such that the group execute bit is not masked out (i.e. + it must include 010). See the parameter <link linkend="CREATEMASK"> + <parameter>create mask</parameter></link> for details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>map system = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAPTOGUEST">map to guest (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is only useful in <link linkend="SECURITY"> + security</link> modes other than <parameter>security=share</parameter> + - i.e. <constant>user</constant>, <constant>server</constant>, + and <constant>domain</constant>.</para> + + <para>This parameter can take three different values, which tell + <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> what to do with user + login requests that don't match a valid UNIX user in some way.</para> + + <para>The three settings are :</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><constant>Never</constant> - Means user login + requests with an invalid password are rejected. This is the + default.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>Bad User</constant> - Means user + logins with an invalid password are rejected, unless the username + does not exist, in which case it is treated as a guest login and + mapped into the <link linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter> + guest account</parameter></link>.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>Bad Password</constant> - Means user logins + with an invalid password are treated as a guest login and mapped + into the <link linkend="GUESTACCOUNT">guest account</link>. Note that + this can cause problems as it means that any user incorrectly typing + their password will be silently logged on as a "guest" - and + will not know the reason they cannot access files they think + they should - there will have been no message given to them + that they got their password wrong. Helpdesk services will + <emphasis>hate</emphasis> you if you set the <parameter>map to + guest</parameter> parameter this way :-).</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" + share services when using <parameter>security</parameter> modes other than + share. This is because in these modes the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client so the server + cannot make authentication decisions at the correct time (connection + to the share) for "Guest" shares.</para> + + <para>For people familiar with the older Samba releases, this + parameter maps to the old compile-time setting of the <constant> + GUEST_SESSSETUP</constant> value in local.h.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>map to guest = Never</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>map to guest = Bad User</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXCONNECTIONS">max connections (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows the number of simultaneous + connections to a service to be limited. If <parameter>max connections + </parameter> is greater than 0 then connections will be refused if + this number of connections to the service are already open. A value + of zero mean an unlimited number of connections may be made.</para> + + <para>Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The + lock files will be stored in the directory specified by the <link + linkend="LOCKDIRECTORY"><parameter>lock directory</parameter></link> + option.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max connections = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>max connections = 10</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXDISKSIZE">max disk size (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to put an upper limit + on the apparent size of disks. If you set this option to 100 + then all shares will appear to be not larger than 100 MB in + size.</para> + + <para>Note that this option does not limit the amount of + data you can put on the disk. In the above case you could still + store much more than 100 MB on the disk, but if a client ever asks + for the amount of free disk space or the total disk size then the + result will be bounded by the amount specified in <parameter>max + disk size</parameter>.</para> + + <para>This option is primarily useful to work around bugs + in some pieces of software that can't handle very large disks, + particularly disks over 1GB in size.</para> + + <para>A <parameter>max disk size</parameter> of 0 means no limit.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max disk size = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>max disk size = 1000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXLOGSIZE">max log size (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option (an integer in kilobytes) specifies + the max size the log file should grow to. Samba periodically checks + the size and if it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding + a <filename>.old</filename> extension.</para> + + <para>A size of 0 means no limit.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max log size = 5000</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>max log size = 1000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXMUX">max mux (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option controls the maximum number of + outstanding simultaneous SMB operations that samba tells the client + it will allow. You should never need to set this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max mux = 50</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXOPENFILES">max open files (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter limits the maximum number of + open files that one <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> file + serving process may have open for a client at any one time. The + default for this parameter is set very high (10,000) as Samba uses + only one bit per unopened file.</para> + + <para>The limit of the number of open files is usually set + by the UNIX per-process file descriptor limit rather than + this parameter so you should never need to touch this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max open files = 10000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXTTL">max ttl (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option tells <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> + what the default 'time to live' of NetBIOS names should be (in seconds) + when <command>nmbd</command> is requesting a name using either a + broadcast packet or from a WINS server. You should never need to + change this parameter. The default is 3 days.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max ttl = 259200</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXWINSTTL">max wins ttl (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option tells <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8) + </ulink> when acting as a WINS server (<link linkend="WINSSUPPORT"> + <parameter>wins support=yes</parameter></link>) what the maximum + 'time to live' of NetBIOS names that <command>nmbd</command> + will grant will be (in seconds). You should never need to change this + parameter. The default is 6 days (518400 seconds).</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="MINWINSTTL"><parameter>min + wins ttl"</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>max wins ttl = 518400</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MAXXMIT">max xmit (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option controls the maximum packet size + that will be negotiated by Samba. The default is 65535, which + is the maximum. In some cases you may find you get better performance + with a smaller value. A value below 2048 is likely to cause problems. + </para> + + <para>Default: <command>max xmit = 65535</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>max xmit = 8192</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MESSAGECOMMAND">message command (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies what command to run when the + server receives a WinPopup style message.</para> + + <para>This would normally be a command that would + deliver the message somehow. How this is to be done is + up to your imagination.</para> + + <para>An example is:</para> + + <para><command>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s;rm %s' &</command> + </para> + + <para>This delivers the message using <command>xedit</command>, then + removes it afterwards. <emphasis>NOTE THAT IT IS VERY IMPORTANT + THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN IMMEDIATELY</emphasis>. That's why I + have the '&' on the end. If it doesn't return immediately then + your PCs may freeze when sending messages (they should recover + after 30secs, hopefully).</para> + + <para>All messages are delivered as the global guest user. + The command takes the standard substitutions, although <parameter> + %u</parameter> won't work (<parameter>%U</parameter> may be better + in this case).</para> + + <para>Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional + ones apply. In particular:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><parameter>%s</parameter> = the filename containing + the message.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><parameter>%t</parameter> = the destination that + the message was sent to (probably the server name).</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><parameter>%f</parameter> = who the message + is from.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>You could make this command send mail, or whatever else + takes your fancy. Please let us know of any really interesting + ideas you have.</para> + + + <para>Here's a way of sending the messages as mail to root:</para> + + <para><command>message command = /bin/mail -s 'message from %f on + %m' root < %s; rm %s</command></para> + + <para>If you don't have a message command then the message + won't be delivered and Samba will tell the sender there was + an error. Unfortunately WfWg totally ignores the error code + and carries on regardless, saying that the message was delivered. + </para> + + <para>If you want to silently delete it then try:</para> + + <para><command>message command = rm %s</command></para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no message command</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s; + rm %s' &</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MINPRINTSPACE">min print space (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This sets the minimum amount of free disk + space that must be available before a user will be able to spool + a print job. It is specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which + means a user can always spool a print job.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>min print space = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>min print space = 2000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MINPASSWDLENGTH">min passwd length (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="MINPASSWORDLENGTH"> + <parameter>min password length</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MINPASSWORDLENGTH">min password length (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option sets the minimum length in characters + of a plaintext password than smbd will accept when performing + UNIX password changing.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><parameter>unix + password sync</parameter></link>, <link linkend="PASSWDPROGRAM"> + <parameter>passwd program</parameter></link> and <link + linkend="PASSWDCHATDEBUG"><parameter>passwd chat debug</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>min password length = 5</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="MINWINSTTL">min wins ttl (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option tells <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> + when acting as a WINS server (<link linkend="WINSSUPPORT"><parameter> + wins support = yes</parameter></link>) what the minimum 'time to live' + of NetBIOS names that <command>nmbd</command> will grant will be (in + seconds). You should never need to change this parameter. The default + is 6 hours (21600 seconds).</para> + + <para>Default: <command>min wins ttl = 21600</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NAMERESOLVEORDER">name resolve order (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option is used by the programs in the Samba + suite to determine what naming services and in what order to resolve + host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space separated + string of different name resolution options.</para> + + <para>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They + cause names to be resolved as follows :</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><constant>lmhosts</constant> : Lookup an IP + address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has + no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <ulink + url="lmhosts.5.html">lmhosts(5)</ulink> for details) then + any name type matches for lookup.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>host</constant> : Do a standard host + name to IP address resolution, using the system <filename>/etc/hosts + </filename>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution + is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this + may be controlled by the <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> + file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name + type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise + it is ignored.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>wins</constant> : Query a name with + the IP address listed in the <link linkend="WINSSERVER"><parameter> + wins server</parameter></link> parameter. If no WINS server has + been specified this method will be ignored.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>bcast</constant> : Do a broadcast on + each of the known local interfaces listed in the <link + linkend="INTERFACES"><parameter>interfaces</parameter></link> + parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution + methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally + connected subnet.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Default: <command>name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast + </command></para> + <para>Example: <command>name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host + </command></para> + + <para>This will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined + first, followed by a broadcast attempt, followed by a normal + system hostname lookup.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NETBIOSALIASES">netbios aliases (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of NetBIOS names that <ulink + url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> will advertise as additional + names by which the Samba server is known. This allows one machine + to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a machine is + acting as a browse server or logon server none + of these names will be advertised as either browse server or logon + servers, only the primary name of the machine will be advertised + with these capabilities.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="NETBIOSNAME"><parameter>netbios + name</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>empty string (no additional names)</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NETBIOSNAME">netbios name (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba + server is known. By default it is the same as the first component + of the host's DNS name. If a machine is a browse server or + logon server this name (or the first component + of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that these services are + advertised under.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="NETBIOSALIASES"><parameter>netbios + aliases</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>machine DNS name</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>netbios name = MYNAME</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NETBIOSSCOPE">netbios scope (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will + operate under. This should not be set unless every machine + on your LAN also sets this value.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NISHOMEDIR">nis homedir (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Get the home share server from a NIS map. For + UNIX systems that use an automounter, the user's home directory + will often be mounted on a workstation on demand from a remote + server. </para> + + <para>When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory + server, but is mounting the home directories via NFS then two + network hops would be required to access the users home directory + if the logon server told the client to use itself as the SMB server + for home directories (one over SMB and one over NFS). This can + be very slow.</para> + + <para>This option allows Samba to return the home share as + being on a different server to the logon server and as + long as a Samba daemon is running on the home directory server, + it will be mounted on the Samba client directly from the directory + server. When Samba is returning the home share to the client, it + will consult the NIS map specified in <link linkend="HOMEDIRMAP"> + <parameter>homedir map</parameter></link> and return the server + listed there.</para> + + <para>Note that for this option to work there must be a working + NIS system and the Samba server with this option must also + be a logon server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>nis homedir = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NTACLSUPPORT">nt acl support (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls whether + <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> will attempt to map + UNIX permissions into Windows NT access control lists.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>nt acl support = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NTPIPESUPPORT">nt pipe support (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls whether + <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> will allow Windows NT + clients to connect to the NT SMB specific <constant>IPC$</constant> + pipes. This is a developer debugging option and can be left + alone.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>nt pipe support = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NTSMBSUPPORT">nt smb support (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls whether <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> will negotiate NT specific SMB + support with Windows NT clients. Although this is a developer + debugging option and should be left alone, benchmarking has discovered + that Windows NT clients give faster performance with this option + set to <constant>no</constant>. This is still being investigated. + If this option is set to <constant>no</constant> then Samba offers + exactly the same SMB calls that versions prior to Samba 2.0 offered. + This information may be of use if any users are having problems + with NT SMB support.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>nt support = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="NULLPASSWORDS">null passwords (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Allow or disallow client access to accounts + that have null passwords. </para> + + <para>See also <ulink url="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd (5)</ulink>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>null passwords = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="OLELOCKINGCOMPATIBILITY">ole locking compatibility (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter allows an administrator to turn + off the byte range lock manipulation that is done within Samba to + give compatibility for OLE applications. Windows OLE applications + use byte range locking as a form of inter-process communication, by + locking ranges of bytes around the 2^32 region of a file range. This + can cause certain UNIX lock managers to crash or otherwise cause + problems. Setting this parameter to <constant>no</constant> means you + trust your UNIX lock manager to handle such cases correctly.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ole locking compatibility = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ONLYGUEST">only guest (S)</term> + <listitem><para>A synonym for <link linkend="GUESTONLY"><parameter> + guest only</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ONLYUSER">only user (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean option that controls whether + connections with usernames not in the <parameter>user</parameter> + list will be allowed. By default this option is disabled so a client + can supply a username to be used by the server.</para> + + <para>Note that this also means Samba won't try to deduce + usernames from the service name. This can be annoying for + the [homes] section. To get around this you could use <command>user = + %S</command> which means your <parameter>user</parameter> list + will be just the service name, which for home directories is the + name of the user.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="USER"><parameter>user</parameter> + </link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>only user = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="OPLOCKS">oplocks (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean option tells smbd whether to + issue oplocks (opportunistic locks) to file open requests on this + share. The oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve + the speed of access to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients + to aggressively cache files ocally and you may want to disable this + option for unreliable network environments (it is turned on by + default in Windows NT Servers). For more information see the file + <filename>Speed.txt</filename> in the Samba <filename>docs/</filename> + directory.</para> + + <para>Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files on + a per share basis. See the <link linkend="VETOOPLOCKFILES"><parameter> + veto oplock files</parameter></link> parameter. On some systems + oplocks are recognized by the underlying operating system. This + allows data synchronization between all access to oplocked files, + whether it be via Samba or NFS or a local UNIX process. See the + <parameter>kernel oplocks</parameter> parameter for details.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="KERNELOPLOCKS"><parameter>kernel + oplocks</parameter></link> and <link linkend="LEVEL2OPLOCKS"><parameter> + level2 oplocks</parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>oplocks = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="OPLOCKBREAKWAITTIME">oplock break wait time (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs in + both Windows 9x and WinNT. If Samba responds to a client too + quickly when that client issues an SMB that can cause an oplock + break request, then the client redirector can fail and not respond + to the break request. This tuning parameter (which is set in milliseconds) + is the amount of time Samba will wait before sending an oplock break + request to such (broken) clients.</para> + + <para><emphasis>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ + AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</emphasis>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>oplock break wait time = 10</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="OPLOCKCONTENTIONLIMIT">oplock contention limit (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a <emphasis>very</emphasis> advanced + <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> tuning option to + improve the efficiency of the granting of oplocks under multiple + client contention for the same file.</para> + + <para>In brief it specifies a number, which causes smbd not to + grant an oplock even when requested if the approximate number of + clients contending for an oplock on the same file goes over this + limit. This causes <command>smbd</command> to behave in a similar + way to Windows NT.</para> + + <para><emphasis>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ + AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</emphasis>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>oplock contention limit = 2</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="OSLEVEL">os level (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This integer value controls what level Samba + advertises itself as for browse elections. The value of this + parameter determines whether <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> + has a chance of becoming a local master browser for the <parameter> + WORKGROUP</parameter> in the local broadcast area. The default is + zero, which means <command>nmbd</command> will lose elections to + Windows machines. See <filename>BROWSING.txt</filename> in the + Samba <filename>docs/</filename> directory for details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>os level = 20</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>os level = 65 </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PANICACTION">panic action (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a Samba developer option that allows a + system command to be called when either <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + smbd(8)</ulink> or <ulink url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> + crashes. This is usually used to draw attention to the fact that + a problem occurred.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>panic action = <empty string></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>panic action = "/bin/sleep 90000"</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PASSWDCHAT">passwd chat (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This string controls the <emphasis>"chat"</emphasis> + conversation that takes places between <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd</ulink> and the local password changing + program to change the users password. The string describes a + sequence of response-receive pairs that <ulink url="smbd.8.html"> + smbd(8)</ulink> uses to determine what to send to the + <link linkend="PASSWDPROGRAM"><parameter>passwd program</parameter> + </link> and what to expect back. If the expected output is not + received then the password is not changed.</para> + + <para>This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending + on what local methods are used for password control (such as NIS + etc).</para> + + <para>The string can contain the macros <parameter>%o</parameter> + and <parameter>%n</parameter> which are substituted for the old + and new passwords respectively. It can also contain the standard + macros <constant>\n</constant>, <constant>\r</constant>, <constant> + \t</constant> and <constant>%s</constant> to give line-feed, + carriage-return, tab and space.</para> + + <para>The string can also contain a '*' which matches + any sequence of characters.</para> + + <para>Double quotes can be used to collect strings with spaces + in them into a single string.</para> + + <para>If the send string in any part of the chat sequence + is a fullstop ".", then no string is sent. Similarly, + is the expect string is a fullstop then no string is expected.</para> + + <para>Note that if the <link linkend="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><parameter>unix + password sync</parameter></link> parameter is set to true, then this + sequence is called <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis> when the SMB password + in the smbpasswd file is being changed, without access to the old + password cleartext. In this case the old password cleartext is set + to "" (the empty string).</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><parameter>unix password + sync</parameter></link>, <link linkend="PASSWDPROGRAM"><parameter> + passwd program</parameter></link> and <link linkend="PASSWDCHATDEBUG"> + <parameter>passwd chat debug</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>passwd chat = *old*password* %o\n *new* + password* %n\n *new*password* %n\n *changed*</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>passwd chat = "*Enter OLD password*" %o\n + "*Enter NEW password*" %n\n "*Reenter NEW password*" %n\n "*Password + changed*"</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PASSWDCHATDEBUG">passwd chat debug (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean specifies if the passwd chat script + parameter is run in <emphasis>debug</emphasis> mode. In this mode the + strings passed to and received from the passwd chat are printed + in the <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> log with a + <link linkend="DEBUGLEVEL"><parameter>debug level</parameter></link> + of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow plaintext passwords + to be seen in the <command>smbd</command> log. It is available to help + Samba admins debug their <parameter>passwd chat</parameter> scripts + when calling the <parameter>passwd program</parameter> and should + be turned off after this has been done. This parameter is off by + default.</para> + + <para>See also <<link linkend="PASSWDCHAT"><parameter>passwd chat</parameter> + </link>, <link linkend="PASSWDPROGRAM"><parameter>passwd program</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>passwd chat debug = no</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>passwd chat debug = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PASSWDPROGRAM">passwd program (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The name of a program that can be used to set + UNIX user passwords. Any occurrences of <parameter>%u</parameter> + will be replaced with the user name. The user name is checked for + existence before calling the password changing program.</para> + + <para>Also note that many passwd programs insist in <emphasis>reasonable + </emphasis> passwords, such as a minimum length, or the inclusion + of mixed case chars and digits. This can pose a problem as some clients + (such as Windows for Workgroups) uppercase the password before sending + it.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that if the <parameter>unix + password sync</parameter> parameter is set to <constant>True + </constant> then this program is called <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis> + before the SMB password in the <ulink url="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5) + </ulink> file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails, then + <command>smbd</command> will fail to change the SMB password also + (this is by design).</para> + + <para>If the <parameter>unix password sync</parameter> parameter + is set this parameter <emphasis>MUST USE ABSOLUTE PATHS</emphasis> + for <emphasis>ALL</emphasis> programs called, and must be examined + for security implications. Note that by default <parameter>unix + password sync</parameter> is set to <constant>False</constant>.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><parameter>unix + password sync</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>passwd program = /bin/passwd</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>passwd program = /sbin/npasswd %u</command> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PASSWORDLEVEL">password level (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Some client/server combinations have difficulty + with mixed-case passwords. One offending client is Windows for + Workgroups, which for some reason forces passwords to upper + case when using the LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when + using COREPLUS!</para> + + <para>This parameter defines the maximum number of characters + that may be upper case in passwords.</para> + + <para>For example, say the password given was "FRED". If <parameter> + password level</parameter> is set to 1, the following combinations + would be tried if "FRED" failed:</para> + + <para>"Fred", "fred", "fRed", "frEd","freD"</para> + + <para>If <parameter>password level</parameter> was set to 2, + the following combinations would also be tried: </para> + + <para>"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd", "fReD", "frED", ..</para> + + <para>And so on.</para> + + <para>The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely + it is that a mixed case password will be matched against a single + case password. However, you should be aware that use of this + parameter reduces security and increases the time taken to + process a new connection.</para> + + <para>A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be + made - the password as is and the password in all-lower case.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>password level = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>password level = 4</command</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PASSWORDSERVER">password server (G)</term> + <listitem><para>By specifying the name of another SMB server (such + as a WinNT box) with this option, and using <command>security = domain + </command> or <command>security = server</command> you can get Samba + to do all its username/password validation via a remote server.</para> + + <para>This options sets the name of the password server to use. + It must be a NetBIOS name, so if the machine's NetBIOS name is + different from its internet name then you may have to add its NetBIOS + name to the lmhosts file which is stored in the same directory + as the <filename>smb.conf</filename> file.</para> + + <para>The name of the password server is looked up using the + parameter <link linkend="NAMERESOLVEORDER"><parameter>name + resolve order</parameter></link> and so may resolved + by any method and order described in that parameter.</para> + + <para>The password server much be a machine capable of using + the "LM1.2X002" or the "LM NT 0.12" protocol, and it must be in + user level security mode.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> Using a password server + means your UNIX box (running Samba) is only as secure as your + password server. <emphasis>DO NOT CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT + YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST</emphasis>.</para> + + <para>Never point a Samba server at itself for password + serving. This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba + server!</para> + + <para>The name of the password server takes the standard + substitutions, but probably the only useful one is <parameter>%m + </parameter>, which means the Samba server will use the incoming + client as the passwordserver. If you use this then you better + trust your clients, and you better restrict them with hosts allow!</para> + + <para>If the <parameter>security</parameter> parameter is set to + <constant>domain</constant>, then the list of machines in this + option must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain controllers for the + Domain or the character '*', as the Samba server is cryptographicly + in that domain, and will use cryptographicly authenticated RPC calls + to authenticate the user logging on. The advantage of using <command> + security = domain</command> is that if you list several hosts in the + <parameter>password server</parameter> option then <command>smbd + </command> will try each in turn till it finds one that responds. This + is useful in case your primary server goes down.</para> + + <para>If the <parameter>password server</parameter> option is set + to the character '*', then Samba will attempt to auto-locate the + Primary or Backup Domain controllers to authenticate against by + doing a query for the name <constant>WORKGROUP<1C></constant> + and then contacting each server returned in the list of IP + addresses from the name resolution source. </para> + + <para>If the <parameter>security</parameter> parameter is + set to <constant>server</constant>, then there are different + restrictions that <command>security = domain</command> doesn't + suffer from:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>You may list several password servers in + the <parameter>password server</parameter> parameter, however if an + <command>smbd</command> makes a connection to a password server, + and then the password server fails, no more users will be able + to be authenticated from this <command>smbd</command>. This is a + restriction of the SMB/CIFS protocol when in <command>security=server + </command> mode and cannot be fixed in Samba.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If you are using a Windows NT server as your + password server then you will have to ensure that your users + are able to login from the Samba server, as when in <command> + security=server</command> mode the network logon will appear to + come from there rather than from the users workstation.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="SECURITY"><parameter>security + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>password server = <empty string></command> + </para> + <para>Example: <command>password server = NT-PDC, NT-BDC1, NT-BDC2 + </command></para> + <para>Example: <command>password server = *</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PATH">path (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies a directory to which + the user of the service is to be given access. In the case of + printable services, this is where print data will spool prior to + being submitted to the host for printing.</para> + + <para>For a printable service offering guest access, the service + should be readonly and the path should be world-writeable and + have the sticky bit set. This is not mandatory of course, but + you probably won't get the results you expect if you do + otherwise.</para> + + <para>Any occurrences of <parameter>%u</parameter> in the path + will be replaced with the UNIX username that the client is using + on this connection. Any occurrences of <parameter>%m</parameter> + will be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the machine they are + connecting from. These replacements are very useful for setting + up pseudo home directories for users.</para> + + <para>Note that this path will be based on <link linkend="ROOTDIR"> + <parameter>root dir</parameter></link> if one was specified.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>path = /home/fred</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="POSTEXEC">postexec (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This option specifies a command to be run + whenever the service is disconnected. It takes the usual + substitutions. The command may be run as the root on some + systems.</para> + + <para>An interesting example may be do unmount server + resources:</para> + + <para><command>postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom</command></para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PREEXEC"><parameter>preexec</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (no command executed)</emphasis> + </para> + + <para>Example: <command>postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S + from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="POSTSCRIPT">postscript (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter forces a printer to interpret + the print files as postscript. This is done by adding a <constant>%! + </constant> to the start of print output.</para> + + <para>This is most useful when you have lots of PCs that persist + in putting a control-D at the start of print jobs, which then + confuses your printer.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>postscript = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PREEXEC">preexec (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This option specifies a command to be run whenever + the service is connected to. It takes the usual substitutions.</para> + + <para>An interesting example is to send the users a welcome + message every time they log in. Maybe a message of the day? Here + is an example:</para> + + <para><command>preexec = csh -c 'echo \"Welcome to %S!\" | + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I' & </command></para> + + <para>Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PREEXECCLOSE"><parameter>preexec close + </parameter</link> and <link linkend="POSTEXEC"><parameter>postexec + </parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (no command executed)</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from %m + (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PREEXECCLOSE">preexec close (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean option controls whether a non-zero + return code from <link linkend="PREEXEC"><parameter>preexec + </parameter></link> should close the service being connected to.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>preexec close = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PREFERREDMASTER">preferred master (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls if <ulink + url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> is a preferred master browser + for its workgroup.</para> + + <para>If this is set to true, on startup, <command>nmbd</command> + will force an election, and it will have a slight advantage in + winning the election. It is recommended that this parameter is + used in conjunction with <command><link linkend="DOMAINMASTER"><parameter> + domain master</parameter></link> = yes</command>, so that <command> + nmbd</command> can guarantee becoming a domain master.</para> + + <para>Use this option with caution, because if there are several + hosts (whether Samba servers, Windows 95 or NT) that are preferred + master browsers on the same subnet, they will each periodically + and continuously attempt to become the local master browser. + This will result in unnecessary broadcast traffic and reduced browsing + capabilities.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="OSLEVEL"><parameter>os level</parameter> + </link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>preferred master = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PREFEREDMASTER">prefered master (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="PREFERREDMASTER"><parameter> + preferred master</parameter></link> for people who cannot spell :-).</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRELOAD">preload</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="AUTOSERVICES"><parameter> + auto services</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRESERVECASE">preserve case (S)</term> + <listitem><para> This controls if new filenames are created + with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to + be the <link linkend="DEFAULTCASE"><parameter>derault case + </parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>preserve case = yes</command></para> + + <para>See the section on <link linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT">NAME + MANGLING"</link> for a fuller discussion.</para + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTCOMMAND">print command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>After a print job has finished spooling to + a service, this command will be used via a <command>system()</command> + call to process the spool file. Typically the command specified will + submit the spool file to the host's printing subsystem, but there + is no requirement that this be the case. The server will not remove + the spool file, so whatever command you specify should remove the + spool file when it has been processed, otherwise you will need to + manually remove old spool files.</para> + + <para>The print command is simply a text string. It will be used + verbatim, with two exceptions: All occurrences of <parameter>%s + </parameter> and <parameter>%f</parameter> will be replaced by the + appropriate spool file name, and all occurrences of <parameter>%p + </parameter> will be replaced by the appropriate printer name. The + spool file name is generated automatically by the server, the printer + name is discussed below.</para> + + <para>The print command <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> contain at least + one occurrence of <parameter>%s</parameter> or <parameter>%f + </parameter> - the <parameter>%p</parameter> is optional. At the time + a job is submitted, if no printer name is supplied the <parameter>%p + </parameter> will be silently removed from the printer command.</para> + + <para>If specified in the [global] section, the print command given + will be used for any printable service that does not have its own + print command specified.</para> + + <para>If there is neither a specified print command for a + printable service nor a global print command, spool files will + be created but not processed and (most importantly) not removed.</para> + + <para>Note that printing may fail on some UNIXs from the + <constant>nobody</constant> account. If this happens then create + an alternative guest account that can print and set the <link + linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter>guest account</parameter></link> + in the [global] section.</para> + + <para>You can form quite complex print commands by realizing + that they are just passed to a shell. For example the following + will log a print job, print the file, then remove it. Note that + ';' is the usual separator for command in shell scripts.</para> + + <para><command>print command = echo Printing %s >> + /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s</command></para> + + <para>You may have to vary this command considerably depending + on how you normally print files on your system. The default for + the parameter varies depending on the setting of the <link linkend="PRINTING"> + <parameter>printing</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: For <command>printing= BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG + or PLP :</command></para> + <para><command>print command = lpr -r -P%p %s</command></para> + + <para>For <command>printing= SYS or HPUX :</command></para> + <para><command>print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s</command></para> + + <para>For <command>printing=SOFTQ :</command></para> + <para><command>print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s</command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript + %p %s</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTOK">print ok (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="PRINTABLE"> + <parameter>printable</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTABLE">printable (S)</term> + <listitem><para>If this parameter is <constant>yes</constant>, then + clients may open, write to and submit spool files on the directory + specified for the service. </para> + + <para>Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing + to the service path (user privileges permitting) via the spooling + of print data. The <link linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter>writeable + </parameter></link> parameter controls only non-printing access to + the resource.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>printable = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTCAP">printcap (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="PRINTCAPNAME"><parameter> + printcap name</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTERADMIN">printer admin (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users that can do anything to + printers via the remote administration interfaces offered by MSRPC + (usually using a NT workstation). Note that the root user always + has admin rights.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>printer admin = <empty string></command> + </para> + <para>Example: <command>printer admin = admin, @staff</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTCAPNAME">printcap name (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter may be used to override the + compiled-in default printcap name used by the server (usually <filename> + /etc/printcap</filename>). See the discussion of the <link + linkend="PRINTERSSECT">[printers]</link> section above for reasons + why you might want to do this.</para> + + <para>On System V systems that use <command>lpstat</command> to + list available printers you can use <command>printcap name = lpstat + </command> to automatically obtain lists of available printers. This + is the default for systems that define SYSV at configure time in + Samba (this includes most System V based systems). If <parameter> + printcap name</parameter> is set to <command>lpstat</command> on + these systems then Samba will launch <command>lpstat -v</command> and + attempt to parse the output to obtain a printer list.</para> + + <para>A minimal printcap file would look something like this:</para> + + <para><programlisting> + print1|My Printer 1 + print2|My Printer 2 + print3|My Printer 3 + print4|My Printer 4 + print5|My Printer 5 + </programlisting></para> + + <para>where the '|' separates aliases of a printer. The fact + that the second alias has a space in it gives a hint to Samba + that it's a comment.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE</emphasis>: Under AIX the default printcap + name is <filename>/etc/qconfig</filename>. Samba will assume the + file is in AIX <filename>qconfig</filename> format if the string + <filename>qconfig</filename> appears in the printcap filename.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>printcap name = /etc/printcap</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>printcap name = /etc/myprintcap</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTER">printer (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the name of the printer + to which print jobs spooled through a printable service will be sent.</para> + + <para>If specified in the [global] section, the printer + name given will be used for any printable service that does + not have its own printer name specified.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>none (but may be <constant>lp</constant> + on many systems)</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>printer name = laserwriter</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTERDRIVER">printer driver (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to control the string + that clients receive when they ask the server for the printer driver + associated with a printer. If you are using Windows95 or WindowsNT + then you can use this to automate the setup of printers on your + system.</para> + + <para>You need to set this parameter to the exact string (case + sensitive) that describes the appropriate printer driver for your + system. If you don't know the exact string to use then you should + first try with no <link linkend="PRINTERDRIVER"><parameter> + printer driver</parameter></link> option set and the client will + give you a list of printer drivers. The appropriate strings are + shown in a scrollbox after you have chosen the printer manufacturer.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PRINTERDRIVERFILE"><parameter>printer + driver file</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Example: <command>printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTERDRIVERFILE">printer driver file (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter tells Samba where the printer driver + definition file, used when serving drivers to Windows 95 clients, is + to be found. If this is not set, the default is :</para> + + <para><filename><replaceable>SAMBA_INSTALL_DIRECTORY</replaceable> + /lib/printers.def</filename></para> + + <para>This file is created from Windows 95 <filename>msprint.inf + </filename> files found on the Windows 95 client system. For more + details on setting up serving of printer drivers to Windows 95 + clients, see the documentation file in the <filename>docs/</filename> + directory, <filename>PRINTER_DRIVER.txt</filename>.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PRINTERDRIVERLOCATION"><parameter> + printer driver location</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>None (set in compile).</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>printer driver file = + /usr/local/samba/printers/drivers.def</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTERDRIVERLOCATION">printer driver location (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter tells clients of a particular printer + share where to find the printer driver files for the automatic + installation of drivers for Windows 95 machines. If Samba is set up + to serve printer drivers to Windows 95 machines, this should be set to</para> + + <para><command>\\MACHINE\PRINTER$</command></para> + + <para>Where MACHINE is the NetBIOS name of your Samba server, + and PRINTER$ is a share you set up for serving printer driver + files. For more details on setting this up see the documentation + file in the <filename>docs/</filename> directory, <filename> + PRINTER_DRIVER.txt</filename>.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PRINTERDRIVERFILE"><parameter> + printer driver file</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>none</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>printer driver location = \\MACHINE\PRINTER$ + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTERNAME">printer name (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="PRINTER"><parameter> + printer</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRINTING">printing (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameters controls how printer status + information is interpreted on your system. It also affects the + default values for the <parameter>print command</parameter>, + <parameter>lpq command</parameter>, <parameter>lppause command + </parameter>, <parameter>lpresume command</parameter>, and + <parameter>lprm command</parameter> if specified in the + [global]f> section.</para> + + <para>Currently eight printing styles are supported. They are + <constant>BSD</constant>, <constant>AIX</constant>, + <constant>LPRNG</constant>, <constant>PLP</constant>, + <constant>SYSV</constant>, <constant>HPUX</constant>, + <constant>QNX</constant>, <constant>SOFTQ</constant>, + and <constant>CUPS</constant>.</para> + + <para>To see what the defaults are for the other print + commands when using the various options use the <ulink + url="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</ulink> program.</para> + + <para>This option can be set on a per printer basis</para> + + <para>See also the discussion in the <link linkend="PRINTERSSECT"> + [printers]</link> section.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PRIVATEDIR">private dir(G)</term> + <listitem><para>The <parameter>private dir</parameter> parameter + allows an administator to define a directory path used to hold the + various databases Samba will use to store things like a the machine + trust account information when acting as a domain member (i.e. where + the secrets.tdb file will be located), where the passdb.tbd file + will stored in the case of using the experiemental tdbsam support, + etc...</para> + + <para>Default: <command>private dir = <compile time location + of smbpasswd></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>private dir = /etc/smbprivate</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PROTOCOL">protocol (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The value of the parameter (a string) is the highest + protocol level that will be supported by the server.</para> + + <para>Possible values are :</para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para><constant>CORE</constant>: Earliest version. No + concept of user names.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>COREPLUS</constant>: Slight improvements on + CORE for efficiency.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>LANMAN1</constant>: First <emphasis> + modern</emphasis> version of the protocol. Long filename + support.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>LANMAN2</constant>: Updates to Lanman1 protocol. + </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para><constant>NT1</constant>: Current up to date version of + the protocol. Used by Windows NT. Known as CIFS.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Normally this option should not be set as the automatic + negotiation phase in the SMB protocol takes care of choosing + the appropriate protocol.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>protocol = NT1</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>protocol = LANMAN1</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="PUBLIC">public (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="GUESTOK"><parameter>guest + ok</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND">queuepause command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to pause the printerqueue.</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name as its only parameter and stops the printerqueue, + such that no longer jobs are submitted to the printer.</para> + + <para>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, + but can be issued from the Printer's window under Windows 95 + and NT.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command. + </para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the + server.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>depends on the setting of <parameter>printing + </parameter></emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>queuepause command = disable %p</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="QUEUERESUMECOMMAND">queueresume command (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to resume the printerqueue. It + is the command to undo the behavior that is caused by the + previous parameter (<link linkend="QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND"><parameter> + queuepause command</parameter></link>).</para> + + <para>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name as its only parameter and resumes the printerqueue, + such that queued jobs are resubmitted to the printer.</para> + + <para>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, + but can be issued from the Printer's window under Windows 95 + and NT.</para> + + <para>If a <parameter>%p</parameter> is given then the printername + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the + command.</para> + + <para>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the + server.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>depends on the setting of <link + linkend="PRINTING"><parameter>printing</parameter></link></emphasis> + </para> + + <para>Example: <command>queuepause command = enable %p + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="READBMPX">read bmpx (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls whether <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> will support the "Read + Block Multiplex" SMB. This is now rarely used and defaults to + <constant>no</constant>. You should never need to set this + parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>read bmpx = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="READLIST">read list (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users that are given read-only + access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then + they will not be given write access, no matter what the <link + linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter>writeable</parameter></link> + option is set to. The list can include group names using the + syntax described in the <link linkend="INVALIDUSERS"><parameter> + invalid users</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="WRITELIST"><parameter> + write list</parameter></link> parameter and the <link + linkend="INVALIDUSERS"><parameter>invalid users</parameter> + </link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>read list = <empty string></command></para> + <para>Example: <command>read list = mary, @students</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="READONLY">read only (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Note that this is an inverted synonym for <link + linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter>writeable</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="READRAW">read raw (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls whether or not the server + will support the raw read SMB requests when transferring data + to clients.</para> + + <para>If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in + one packet. This typically provides a major performance benefit. + </para> + + <para>However, some clients either negotiate the allowable + block size incorrectly or are incapable of supporting larger block + sizes, and for these clients you may need to disable raw reads.</para> + + <para>In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning + tool and left severely alone. See also <link linkend="WRITERAW"> + <parameter>write raw</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>read raw = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="READSIZE">read size (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The option <parameter>read size</parameter> + affects the overlap of disk reads/writes with network reads/writes. + If the amount of data being transferred in several of the SMB + commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and SMBreadbraw) is larger + than this value then the server begins writing the data before it + has received the whole packet from the network, or in the case of + SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before all the data + has been read from disk.</para> + + <para>This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and + network access are similar, having very little effect when the + speed of one is much greater than the other.</para> + + <para>The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation + has been done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely + that the best value will vary greatly between systems anyway. + A value over 65536 is pointless and will cause you to allocate + memory unnecessarily.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>read size = 16384</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>read size = 8192</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="REMOTEANNOUNCE">remote announce (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to setup <ulink + url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> to periodically announce itself + to arbitrary IP addresses with an arbitrary workgroup name.</para> + + <para>This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear + in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse propagation + rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you + can send IP packets to.</para> + + <para>For example:</para> + + <para><command>remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS + 192.168.4.255/STAFF</command></para> + + <para>the above line would cause nmbd to announce itself + to the two given IP addresses using the given workgroup names. + If you leave out the workgroup name then the one given in + the <link linkend="WORKGROUP"><parameter>workgroup</parameter></link> + parameter is used instead.</para> + + <para>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast + addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses + of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.</para> + + <para>See the documentation file <filename>BROWSING.txt</filename> + in the <filename>docs/</filename> directory.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>remote announce = <empty string> + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="REMOTEBROWSESYNC">remote browse sync (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to setup <ulink + url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> to periodically request + synchronization of browse lists with the master browser of a samba + server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow you to + gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks. This + is done in a manner that does not work with any non-samba servers.</para> + + <para>This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local + clients to appear in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse + propagation rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere + that you can send IP packets to.</para> + + <para>For example:</para> + + <para><command>remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255 + </command></para> + + <para>the above line would cause <command>nmbd</command> to request + the master browser on the specified subnets or addresses to + synchronize their browse lists with the local server.</para> + + <para>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast + addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses + of known browse masters if your network config is that stable. If + a machine IP address is given Samba makes NO attempt to validate + that the remote machine is available, is listening, nor that it + is in fact the browse master on it's segment.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>remote browse sync = <empty string> + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="RESTRICTANONYMOUS">restrict anonymous (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean parameter. If it is true, then + anonymous access to the server will be restricted, namely in the + case where the server is expecting the client to send a username, + but it doesn't. Setting it to true will force these anonymous + connections to be denied, and the client will be required to always + supply a username and password when connecting. Use of this parameter + is only recommened for homogenous NT client environments.</para> + + <para>This parameter makes the use of macro expansions that rely + on the username (%U, %G, etc) consistant. NT 4.0 + likes to use anonymous connections when refreshing the share list, + and this is a way to work around that.</para> + + <para>When restrict anonymous is true, all anonymous connections + are denied no matter what they are for. This can effect the ability + of a machine to access the samba Primary Domain Controller to revalidate + it's machine account after someone else has logged on the client + interactively. The NT client will display a message saying that + the machine's account in the domain doesn't exist or the password is + bad. The best way to deal with this is to reboot NT client machines + between interactive logons, using "Shutdown and Restart", rather + than "Close all programs and logon as a different user".</para> + + <para>Default: <command>restrict anonymous = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOT">root (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="ROOTDIRECTORY"> + <parameter>root directory"</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOTDIR">root dir (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="ROOTDIRECTORY"> + <parameter>root directory"</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOTDIRECTORY">root directory (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The server will <command>chroot()</command> (i.e. + Change it's root directory) to this directory on startup. This is + not strictly necessary for secure operation. Even without it the + server will deny access to files not in one of the service entries. + It may also check for, and deny access to, soft links to other + parts of the filesystem, or attempts to use ".." in file names + to access other directories (depending on the setting of the <link + linkend="WIDELINKS"><parameter>wide links</parameter></link> + parameter).</para> + + <para>Adding a <parameter>root directory</parameter> entry other + than "/" adds an extra level of security, but at a price. It + absolutely ensures that no access is given to files not in the + sub-tree specified in the <parameter>root directory</parameter> + option, <emphasis>including</emphasis> some files needed for + complete operation of the server. To maintain full operability + of the server you will need to mirror some system files + into the <parameter>root directory</parameter> tree. In particular + you will need to mirror <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> (or a + subset of it), and any binaries or configuration files needed for + printing (if required). The set of files that must be mirrored is + operating system dependent.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>root directory = /</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>root directory = /homes/smb</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOTPOSTEXEC">root postexec (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is the same as the <parameter>postexec</parameter> + parameter except that the command is run as root. This + is useful for unmounting filesystems + (such as cdroms) after a connection is closed.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="POSTEXEC"><parameter> + postexec</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOTPREEXEC">root preexec (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is the same as the <parameter>preexec</parameter> + parameter except that the command is run as root. This + is useful for mounting filesystems + (such as cdroms) after a connection is closed.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PREEXEC"><parameter> + preexec</parameter></link> and <link linkend="PREEXECCLOSE"> + <parameter>preexec close</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="ROOTPREEXECCLOSE">root preexec close (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is the same as the <parameter>preexec close + </parameter> parameter except that the command is run as root.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PREEXEC"><parameter> + preexec</parameter></link> and <link linkend="PREEXECCLOSE"> + <parameter>preexec close</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SECURITY">security (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option affects how clients respond to + Samba and is one of the most important settings in the <filename> + smb.conf</filename> file.</para> + + <para>The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to + protocol negotiations with <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8) + </ulink> to turn share level security on or off. Clients decide + based on this bit whether (and how) to transfer user and password + information to the server.</para> + + + <para>The default is <command>security = user</command>, as this is + the most common setting needed when talking to Windows 98 and + Windows NT.</para> + + <para>The alternatives are <command>security = share</command>, + <command>security = server</command> or <command>security=domain + </command>.</para> + + <para>In versions of Samba prior to 2..0, the default was + <command>security = share</command> mainly because that was + the only option at one stage.</para> + + <para>There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this + setting. When in user or server level security a WfWg client + will totally ignore the password you type in the "connect + drive" dialog box. This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) + to connect to a Samba service as anyone except the user that + you are logged into WfWg as.</para> + + <para>If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their + usernames on the UNIX machine then you will want to use + <command>security = user</command>. If you mostly use usernames + that don't exist on the UNIX box then use <command>security = + share</command>.</para> + + <para>You should also use <command>security = share</command> if you + want to mainly setup shares without a password (guest shares). This + is commonly used for a shared printer server. It is more difficult + to setup guest shares with <command>security = user</command>, see + the <link linkend="MAPTOGUEST"><parameter>map to guest</parameter> + </link>parameter for details.</para> + + <para>It is possible to use <command>smbd</command> in a <emphasis> + hybrid mode</emphasis> where it is offers both user and share + level security under different <link linkend="NETBIOSALIASES"> + <parameter>NetBIOS aliases</parameter></link>. </para> + + <para>The different settings will now be explained.</para> + + + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSHARE"><emphasis>SECURITY = SHARE + </emphasis></para> + + <para>When clients connect to a share level security server then + need not log onto the server with a valid username and password before + attempting to connect to a shared resource (although modern clients + such as Windows 95/98 and Windows NT will send a logon request with + a username but no password when talking to a <command>security = share + </command> server). Instead, the clients send authentication information + (passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to connect + to that share.</para> + + <para>Note that <command>smbd</command> <emphasis>ALWAYS</emphasis> + uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of the client, even in + <command>security = share</command> level security.</para> + + <para>As clients are not required to send a username to the server + in share level security, <command>smbd</command> uses several + techniques to determine the correct UNIX user to use on behalf + of the client.</para> + + <para>A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given + client password is constructed using the following methods :</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>If the <link linkend="GUESTONLY"><parameter>guest + only</parameter></link> parameter is set, then all the other + stages are missed and only the <link linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"> + <parameter>guest account</parameter></link> username is checked. + </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>Is a username is sent with the share connection + request, then this username (after mapping - see <link + linkend="USERNAMEMAP"><parameter>username map</parameter></link>), + is added as a potential username.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>If the client did a previous <emphasis>logon + </emphasis> request (the SessionSetup SMB call) then the + username sent in this SMB will be added as a potential username. + </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The name of the service the client requested is + added as a potential username.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The NetBIOS name of the client is added to + the list as a potential username.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>Any users on the <link linkend="USER"><parameter> + user</parameter></link> list are added as potential usernames. + </para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>If the <parameter>guest only</parameter> parameter is + not set, then this list is then tried with the supplied password. + The first user for whom the password matches will be used as the + UNIX user.</para> + + <para>If the <parameter>guest only</parameter> parameter is + set, or no username can be determined then if the share is marked + as available to the <parameter>guest account</parameter>, then this + guest user will be used, otherwise access is denied.</para> + + <para>Note that it can be <emphasis>very</emphasis> confusing + in share-level security as to which UNIX username will eventually + be used in granting access.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> + NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALUSER"><emphasis>SECURIYT = USER + </emphasis></para> + + <para>This is the default security setting in Samba 2.2. + With user-level security a client must first "log=on" with a + valid username and password (which can be mapped using the <link + linkend="USERNAMEMAP"><parameter>username map</parameter></link> + parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the <link linkend="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> + <parameter>encrypted passwords</parameter></link> parameter) can also + be used in this security mode. Parameters such as <link linkend="USER"> + <parameter>user</parameter></link> and <link linkend="GUESTONLY"> + <parameter>guest only</parameter></link> if set are then applied and + may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after + the user has been successfully authenticated.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <link + linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter>guest account</parameter></link>. + See the <link linkend="MAPTOGUEST"><parameter>map to guest</parameter> + </link> parameter for details on doing this.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> + NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSERVER"><emphasis>SECURITY = SERVER + </emphasis></para> + + <para>In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password + by passing it to another SMB server, such as an NT box. If this + fails it will revert to <command>security = user</command>, but note + that if encrypted passwords have been negotiated then Samba cannot + revert back to checking the UNIX password file, it must have a valid + <filename>smbpasswd</filename> file to check users against. See the + documentation file in the <filename>docs/</filename> directory + <filename>ENCRYPTION.txt</filename> for details on how to set this + up.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that from the clients point of + view <command>security = server</command> is the same as <command> + security = user</command>. It only affects how the server deals + with the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the + client sees.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <link + linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter>guest account</parameter></link>. + See the <link linkend="MAPTOGUEST"><parameter>map to guest</parameter> + </link> parameter for details on doing this.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> + NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PASSWORDSERVER"><parameter>password + server</parameter></link> parameter and the <link + linkend="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"><parameter>encrypted passwords</parameter> + </link> parameter.</para> + + <para><anchor id="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"><emphasis>SECURITY = DOMAIN + </emphasis></para> + + <para>This mode will only work correctly if <ulink + url="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</ulink> has been used to add this + machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the <link + linkend="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"><parameter>encrypted passwords</parameter> + </link> parameter to be set to <constant>true</constant>. In this + mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing + it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly + the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that a valid UNIX user must still + exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller to allow + Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that from the clients point + of view <command>security = domain</command> is the same as <command>security = user + </command>. It only affects how the server deals with the authentication, + it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that the name of the resource being + requested is <emphasis>not</emphasis> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <link + linkend="GUESTACCOUNT"><parameter>guest account</parameter></link>. + See the <link linkend="MAPTOGUEST"><parameter>map to guest</parameter> + </link> parameter for details on doing this.</para> + + <para><emphasis>BUG:</emphasis> There is currently a bug in the + implementation of <command>security = domain</command> with respect + to multi-byte character set usernames. The communication with a + Domain Controller must be done in UNICODE and Samba currently + does not widen multi-byte user names to UNICODE correctly, thus + a multi-byte username will not be recognized correctly at the + Domain Controller. This issue will be addressed in a future release.</para> + + <para>See also the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT"> + NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link>.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="PASSWORDSERVER"><parameter>password + server</parameter></link> parameter and the <link + linkend="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"><parameter>encrypted passwords</parameter> + </link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>security = USER</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>security = DOMAIN</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SECURITYMASK">security mask (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls what UNIX permission + bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating + the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security + dialog box.</para> + + <para>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to + the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in + this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed + to change.</para> + + <para>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same + value as the <link linkend="CREATEMASK"><parameter>create mask + </parameter></link> parameter. To allow a user to modify all the + user/group/world permissions on a file, set this parameter to + 0777.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this + restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone + "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will + probably want to set it to 0777.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"> + <parameter>force directory security mode</parameter></link>, + <link linkend="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><parameter>directory + security mask</parameter></link>, <link linkend="FORCESECURITYMODE"> + <parameter>force security mode</parameter></link> parameters.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>security mask = <same as create mask> + </command></para> + <para>Example: <command>security mask = 0777</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SERVERSTRING">server string (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls what string will show up in the + printer comment box in print manager and next to the IPC connection + in <command>net view"</command>. It can be any string that you wish + to show to your users.</para> + + <para>It also sets what will appear in browse lists next + to the machine name.</para> + + <para>A <parameter>%v</parameter> will be replaced with the Samba + version number.</para> + + <para>A <parameter>%h</parameter> will be replaced with the + hostname.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>server string = Samba %v</command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>server string = University of GNUs Samba + Server</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SETDIRECTORY">set directory (S)</term> + <listitem><para>If <command>set directory = no</command>, then + users of the service may not use the setdir command to change + directory.</para> + + <para>The <command>setdir</command> command is only implemented + in the Digital Pathworks client. See the Pathworks documentation + for details.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>set directory = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SHAREMODES">share modes (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This enables or disables the honoring of + the <parameter>share modes</parameter> during a file open. These + modes are used by clients to gain exclusive read or write access + to a file.</para> + + <para>These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so + they are simulated using shared memory, or lock files if your + UNIX doesn't support shared memory (almost all do).</para> + + <para>The share modes that are enabled by this option are + <constant>DENY_DOS</constant>, <constant>DENY_ALL</constant>, + <constant>DENY_READ</constant>, <constant>DENY_WRITE</constant>, + <constant>DENY_NONE</constant> and <constant>DENY_FCB</constant>. + </para> + + <para>This option gives full share compatibility and enabled + by default.</para> + + <para>You should <emphasis>NEVER</emphasis> turn this parameter + off as many Windows applications will break if you do so.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>share modes = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SHAREDMEMSIZE">shared mem size (G)</term> + <listitem><para>It specifies the size of the shared memory (in + bytes) to use between <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> + processes. This parameter defaults to one megabyte of shared + memory. It is possible that if you have a large erver with many + files open simultaneously that you may need to increase this + parameter. Signs that this parameter is set too low are users + reporting strange problems trying to save files (locking errors) + and error messages in the smbd log looking like <emphasis>ERROR + smb_shm_alloc : alloc of XX bytes failed</emphasis>.</para> + + <para>If your OS refuses the size that Samba asks for then + Samba will try a smaller size, reducing by a factor of 0.8 until + the OS accepts it.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>shared mem size = 1048576</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>shared mem size = 5242880 ; Set to 5mb for a + large number of files.</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SHORTPRESERVECASE">short preserve case (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls if new files + which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of + suitable length, are created upper case, or if they are forced + to be the <link linkend="DEFAULTCASE"><parameter>default case + </parameter></link>. This option can be use with <link + linkend="PRESERVECASE"><command>preserve case = yes</command> + </link> to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short + names are lowered. </para> + + <para>See the section on <link linkend="NAMEMANGLINGSECT"> + NAME MANGLING</link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>short preserve case = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SMBPASSWDFILE">smb passwd file (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option sets the path to the encrypted + smbpasswd file. By default the path to the smbpasswd file + is compiled into Samba.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>smb passwd file= <compiled + default></command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>smb passwd file = /usr/samba/private/smbpasswd + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SMBRUN">smbrun (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This sets the full path to the <command>smbrun + </command> binary. This defaults to the value in the <filename> + Makefile</filename>.</para> + + <para>You must get this path right for many services + to work correctly.</para> + + <para>You should not need to change this parameter so + long as Samba is installed correctly.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>smbrun=<compiled default> + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>smbrun = /usr/local/samba/bin/smbrun + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SOCKETADDRESS">socket address (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to control what + address Samba will listen for connections on. This is used to + support multiple virtual interfaces on the one server, each + with a different configuration.</para> + + <para>By default samba will accept connections on any + address.</para> + + <para>Example: <command>socket address = 192.168.2.20</command> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SOCKETOPTIONS">socket options (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to set socket options + to be used when talking with the client.</para> + + <para>Socket options are controls on the networking layer + of the operating systems which allow the connection to be + tuned.</para> + + <para>This option will typically be used to tune your Samba + server for optimal performance for your local network. There is + no way that Samba can know what the optimal parameters are for + your net, so you must experiment and choose them yourself. We + strongly suggest you read the appropriate documentation for your + operating system first (perhaps <command>man setsockopt</command> + will help).</para> + + <para>You may find that on some systems Samba will say + "Unknown socket option" when you supply an option. This means you + either incorrectly typed it or you need to add an include file + to includes.h for your OS. If the latter is the case please + send the patch to <ulink url="mailto:samba@samba.org"> + samba@samba.org</ulink>.</para> + + <para>Any of the supported socket options may be combined + in any way you like, as long as your OS allows it.</para> + + <para>This is the list of socket options currently settable + using this option:</para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>SO_KEEPALIVE</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_REUSEADDR</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_BROADCAST</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>TCP_NODELAY</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>IPTOS_LOWDELAY</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>IPTOS_THROUGHPUT</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_SNDBUF *</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_RCVBUF *</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_SNDLOWAT *</para></listitem> + <listitem><para>SO_RCVLOWAT *</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>Those marked with a <emphasis>'*'</emphasis> take an integer + argument. The others can optionally take a 1 or 0 argument to enable + or disable the option, by default they will be enabled if you + don't specify 1 or 0.</para> + + <para>To specify an argument use the syntax SOME_OPTION=VALUE + for example <command>SO_SNDBUF=8192</command>. Note that you must + not have any spaces before or after the = sign.</para> + + <para>If you are on a local network then a sensible option + might be</para> + <para><command>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</command></para> + + <para>If you have a local network then you could try:</para> + <para><command>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY TCP_NODELAY</command></para> + + <para>If you are on a wide area network then perhaps try + setting IPTOS_THROUGHPUT. </para> + + <para>Note that several of the options may cause your Samba + server to fail completely. Use these options with caution!</para> + + <para>Default: <command>socket options = TCP_NODELAY</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SOURCEENVIRONMENT">source environment (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter causes Samba to set environment + variables as per the content of the file named.</para> + + <para>If the value of this parameter starts with a "|" character + then Samba will treat that value as a pipe command to open and + will set the environment variables from the output of the pipe.</para> + + <para>The contents of the file or the output of the pipe should + be formatted as the output of the standard Unix <command>env(1) + </command> command. This is of the form :</para> + <para>Example environment entry:</para> + <para><command>SAMBA_NETBIOS_NAME=myhostname</command></para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>No default value</emphasis></para> + <para>Examples: <command>source environment = |/etc/smb.conf.sh + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>source environment = + /usr/local/smb_env_vars</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSL">ssl (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This variable enables or disables the entire SSL mode. If + it is set to <constant>no</constant>, the SSL enabled samba behaves + exactly like the non-SSL samba. If set to <constant>yes</constant>, + it depends on the variables <link linkend="SSLHOSTS"><parameter> + ssl hosts</parameter></link> and <link linkend="SSLHOSTSRESIGN"> + <parameter>ssl hosts resign</parameter></link> whether an SSL + connection will be required.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl=no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCACERTDIR">ssl CA certDir (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This variable defines where to look up the Certification + Authorities. The given directory should contain one file for + each CA that samba will trust. The file name must be the hash + value over the "Distinguished Name" of the CA. How this directory + is set up is explained later in this document. All files within the + directory that don't fit into this naming scheme are ignored. You + don't need this variable if you don't verify client certificates.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl CA certDir = /usr/local/ssl/certs + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCACERTFILE">ssl CA certFile (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This variable is a second way to define the trusted CAs. + The certificates of the trusted CAs are collected in one big + file and this variable points to the file. You will probably + only use one of the two ways to define your CAs. The first choice is + preferable if you have many CAs or want to be flexible, the second + is preferable if you only have one CA and want to keep things + simple (you won't need to create the hashed file names). You + don't need this variable if you don't verify client certificates.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl CA certFile = /usr/local/ssl/certs/trustedCAs.pem + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCIPHERS">ssl ciphers (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This variable defines the ciphers that should be offered + during SSL negotiation. You should not set this variable unless + you know what you are doing.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCLIENTCERT">ssl client cert (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>The certificate in this file is used by <ulink url="smbclient.1.html"> + <command>smbclient(1)</command></ulink> if it exists. It's needed + if the server requires a client certificate.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl client cert = /usr/local/ssl/certs/smbclient.pem + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCLIENTKEY">ssl client key (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This is the private key for <ulink url="smbclient.1.html"> + <command>smbclient(1)</command></ulink>. It's only needed if the + client should have a certificate. </para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl client key = /usr/local/ssl/private/smbclient.pem + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLCOMPATIBILITY">ssl compatibility (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This variable defines whether SSLeay should be configured + for bug compatibility with other SSL implementations. This is + probably not desirable because currently no clients with SSL + implementations other than SSLeay exist.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl compatibility = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLHOSTS">ssl hosts (G)</term> + <listitem><para>See <link linkend="SSLHOSTSRESIGN"><parameter> + ssl hosts resign</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLHOSTSRESIGN">ssl hosts resign (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>These two variables define whether samba will go + into SSL mode or not. If none of them is defined, samba will + allow only SSL connections. If the <link linkend="SSLHOSTS"> + <parameter>ssl hosts</parameter></link> variable lists + hosts (by IP-address, IP-address range, net group or name), + only these hosts will be forced into SSL mode. If the <parameter> + ssl hosts resign</parameter> variable lists hosts, only these + hosts will NOT be forced into SSL mode. The syntax for these two + variables is the same as for the <link linkend="HOSTSALLOW"><parameter> + hosts allow</parameter></link> and <link linkend="HOSTSDENY"> + <parameter>hosts deny</parameter></link> pair of variables, only + that the subject of the decision is different: It's not the access + right but whether SSL is used or not. </para> + + <para>The example below requires SSL connections from all hosts + outside the local net (which is 192.168.*.*).</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl hosts = <empty string></command></para> + <para><command>ssl hosts resign = <empty string></command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>ssl hosts resign = 192.168.</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLREQUIRECLIENTCERT">ssl require clientcert (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>If this variable is set to <constant>yes</constant>, the + server will not tolerate connections from clients that don't + have a valid certificate. The directory/file given in <link + linkend="SSLCACERTDIR"><parameter>ssl CA certDir</parameter> + </link> and <link linkend="SSLCACERTFILE"><parameter>ssl CA certFile + </parameter></link> will be used to look up the CAs that issued + the client's certificate. If the certificate can't be verified + positively, the connection will be terminated. If this variable + is set to <constant>no</constant>, clients don't need certificates. + Contrary to web applications you really <emphasis>should</emphasis> + require client certificates. In the web environment the client's + data is sensitive (credit card numbers) and the server must prove + to be trustworthy. In a file server environment the server's data + will be sensitive and the clients must prove to be trustworthy.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl require clientcert = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLREQUIRESERVERCERT">ssl require servercert (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>If this variable is set to <constant>yes</constant>, the + <ulink url="smbclient.1.html"><command>smbclient(1)</command> + </ulink> will request a certificate from the server. Same as + <link linkend="SSLREQUIRECLIENTCERT"><parameter>ssl require + clientcert</parameter></link> for the server.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl require servercert = no</command> + </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLSERVERCERT">ssl server cert (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This is the file containing the server's certificate. + The server <emphasis>must</emphasis> have a certificate. The + file may also contain the server's private key. See later for + how certificates and private keys are created.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl server cert = <empty string> + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLSERVERKEY">ssl server key (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This file contains the private key of the server. If + this variable is not defined, the key is looked up in the + certificate file (it may be appended to the certificate). + The server <emphasis>must</emphasis> have a private key + and the certificate <emphasis>must</emphasis> + match this private key.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl server key = <empty string> + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SSLVERSION">ssl version (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This variable is part of SSL-enabled Samba. This + is only available if the SSL libraries have been compiled on your + system and the configure option <command>--with-ssl</command> was + given at configure time.</para> + + <para><emphasis>Note</emphasis> that for export control reasons + this code is <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> enabled by default in any + current binary version of Samba.</para> + + <para>This enumeration variable defines the versions of the + SSL protocol that will be used. <constant>ssl2or3</constant> allows + dynamic negotiation of SSL v2 or v3, <constant>ssl2</constant> results + in SSL v2, <constant>ssl3</constant> results in SSL v3 and + <constant>tls1</constant> results in TLS v1. TLS (Transport Layer + Security) is the new standard for SSL.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>ssl version = "ssl2or3"</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STATCACHE">stat cache (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter determines if <ulink + url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</ulink> will use a cache in order to + speed up case insensitive name mappings. You should never need + to change this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>stat cache = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STATCACHESIZE">stat cache size (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter determines the number of + entries in the <parameter>stat cache</parameter>. You should + never need to change this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>stat cache size = 50</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STATUS">status (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This enables or disables logging of connections + to a status file that <ulink url="smbstatus.1.html">smbstatus(1)</ulink> + can read.</para> + + <para>With this disabled <command>smbstatus</command> won't be able + to tell you what connections are active. You should never need to + change this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>status = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STRICTLOCKING">strict locking (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean that controls the handling of + file locking in the server. When this is set to <constant>yes</constant> + the server will check every read and write access for file locks, and + deny access if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.</para> + + <para>When strict locking is <constant>no</constant> the server does file + lock checks only when the client explicitly asks for them.</para> + + <para>Well behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it + is important, so in the vast majority of cases <command>strict + locking = no</command> is preferable.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>strict locking = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STRICTSYNC">strict sync (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Many Windows applications (including the Windows + 98 explorer shell) seem to confuse flushing buffer contents to + disk with doing a sync to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces + the process to be suspended until the kernel has ensured that + all outstanding data in kernel disk buffers has been safely stored + onto stable storage. This is very slow and should only be done + rarely. Setting this parameter to <constant>no</constant> (the + default) means that smbd ignores the Windows applications requests for + a sync call. There is only a possibility of losing data if the + operating system itself that Samba is running on crashes, so there is + little danger in this default setting. In addition, this fixes many + performance problems that people have reported with the new Windows98 + explorer shell file copies.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="SYNCALWAYS"><parameter>sync + always></parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>strict sync = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="STRIPDOT">strip dot (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean that controls whether to + strip trailing dots off UNIX filenames. This helps with some + CDROMs that have filenames ending in a single dot.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>strip dot = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SYNCALWAYS">sync always (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean parameter that controls + whether writes will always be written to stable storage before + the write call returns. If this is false then the server will be + guided by the client's request in each write call (clients can + set a bit indicating that a particular write should be synchronous). + If this is true then every write will be followed by a <command>fsync() + </command> call to ensure the data is written to disk. Note that + the <parameter>strict sync</parameter> parameter must be set to + <constant>yes</constant> in order for this parameter to have + any affect.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="STRICTSYNC"><parameter>strict + sync</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>sync always = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SYSLOG">syslog (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter maps how Samba debug messages + are logged onto the system syslog logging levels. Samba debug + level zero maps onto syslog <constant>LOG_ERR</constant>, debug + level one maps onto <constant>LOG_WARNING</constant>, debug level + two maps onto <constant>LOG_NOTICE</constant>, debug level three + maps onto LOG_INFO. All higher levels are mapped to <constant> + LOG_DEBUG</constant>.</para> + + <para>This paramter sets the threshold for sending messages + to syslog. Only messages with debug level less than this value + will be sent to syslog.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>syslog = 1</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="SYSLOGONLY">syslog only (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If this parameter is set then Samba debug + messages are logged into the system syslog only, and not to + the debug log files.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>syslog only = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="TEMPLATEHOMEDIR">template homedir (G)</term> + <listitem><para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> this parameter is + only available in Samba 3.0.</para> + + <para>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT + user, the <ulink url="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</ulink> daemon + uses this parameter to fill in the home directory for that user. + If the string <parameter>%D</parameter> is present it is substituted + with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the string <parameter>%U + </parameter> is present it is substituted with the user's Windows + NT user name.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>template homedir = /home/%D/%U</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="TEMPLATESHELL">template shell (G)</term> + <listitem><para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> this parameter is + only available in Samba 3.0.</para> + + <para>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT + user, the <ulink url="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</ulink> daemon + uses this parameter to fill in the login shell for that user.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>template shell = /bin/false</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="TIMEOFFSET">time offset (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is a setting in minutes to add + to the normal GMT to local time conversion. This is useful if + you are serving a lot of PCs that have incorrect daylight + saving time handling.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>time offset = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>time offset = 60</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="TIMESERVER">time server (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter determines if <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"> + nmbd(8)</ulink> advertises itself as a time server to Windows + clients.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>time server = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="TIMESTAMPLOGS">timestamp logs (G)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><parameter> + debug timestamp</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC">unix password sync (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter controls whether Samba + attempts to synchronize the UNIX password with the SMB password + when the encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. + If this is set to true the program specified in the <parameter>passwd + program</parameter>parameter is called <emphasis>AS ROOT</emphasis> - + to allow the new UNIX password to be set without access to the + old UNIX password (as the SMB password has change code has no + access to the old password cleartext, only the new).</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="PASSWDPROGRAM"><parameter>passwd + program</parameter></link>, <link linkend="PASSWDCHAT"><parameter> + passwd chat</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>unix password sync = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="UNIXREALNAME">unix realname (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter when set causes samba + to supply the real name field from the unix password file to + the client. This isuseful for setting up mail clients and WWW + browsers on systems used by more than one person.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>unix realname = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="UPDATEENCRYPTED">update encrypted (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter allows a user logging + on with a plaintext password to have their encrypted (hashed) + password in the smbpasswd file to be updated automatically as + they log on. This option allows a site to migrate from plaintext + password authentication (users authenticate with plaintext + password over the wire, and are checked against a UNIX account + database) to encrypted password authentication (the SMB + challenge/response authentication mechanism) without forcing + all users to re-enter their passwords via smbpasswd at the time the + change is made. This is a convenience option to allow the change over + to encrypted passwords to be made over a longer period. Once all users + have encrypted representations of their passwords in the smbpasswd + file this parameter should be set to <constant>no</constant>.</para> + + <para>In order for this parameter to work correctly the <link + linkend="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"><parameter>encrypt passwords</parameter> + </link> parameter must be set to <constant>no</constant> when + this parameter is set to <constant>yes</constant>.</para> + + <para>Note that even when this parameter is set a user + authenticating to <command>smbd</command> must still enter a valid + password in order to connect correctly, and to update their hashed + (smbpasswd) passwords.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>update encrypted = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USERHOSTS">use rhosts (G)</term> + <listitem><para>If this global parameter is a true, it specifies + that the UNIX users <filename>.rhosts</filename> file in their home directory + will be read to find the names of hosts and users who will be allowed + access without specifying a password.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> The use of <parameter>use rhosts + </parameter> can be a major security hole. This is because you are + trusting the PC to supply the correct username. It is very easy to + get a PC to supply a false username. I recommend that the <parameter> + use rhosts</parameter> option be only used if you really know what + you are doing.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>use rhosts = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USER">user (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="USERNAME"><parameter> + username</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USERS">users (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="USERNAME"><parameter> + username</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USERNAME">username (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Multiple users may be specified in a comma-delimited + list, in which case the supplied password will be tested against + each username in turn (left to right).</para> + + <para>The <parameter>username</parameter> line is needed only when + the PC is unable to supply its own username. This is the case + for the COREPLUS protocol or where your users have different WfWg + usernames to UNIX usernames. In both these cases you may also be + better using the \\server\share%user syntax instead.</para> + + <para>The <parameter>username</parameter> line is not a great + solution in many cases as it means Samba will try to validate + the supplied password against each of the usernames in the + <parameter>username</parameter> line in turn. This is slow and + a bad idea for lots of users in case of duplicate passwords. + You may get timeouts or security breaches using this parameter + unwisely.</para> + + <para>Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This + parameter does not restrict who can login, it just offers hints + to the Samba server as to what usernames might correspond to the + supplied password. Users can login as whoever they please and + they will be able to do no more damage than if they started a + telnet session. The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, + so they cannot do anything that user cannot do.</para> + + <para>To restrict a service to a particular set of users you + can use the <link linkend="VALIDUSERS"><parameter>valid users + </parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>If any of the usernames begin with a '@' then the name + will be looked up first in the yp netgroups list (if Samba + is compiled with netgroup support), followed by a lookup in + the UNIX groups database and will expand to a list of all users + in the group of that name.</para> + + <para>If any of the usernames begin with a '+' then the name + will be looked up only in the UNIX groups database and will + expand to a list of all users in the group of that name.</para> + + <para>If any of the usernames begin with a '&'then the name + will be looked up only in the yp netgroups database (if Samba + is compiled with netgroup support) and will expand to a list + of all users in the netgroup group of that name.</para> + + <para>Note that searching though a groups database can take + quite some time, snd some clients may time out during the + search.</para> + + <para>See the section <link linkend="VALIDATIONSECT">NOTE ABOUT + USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</link> for more information on how + this parameter determines access to the services.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>The guest account if a guest service, + else the name of the service.</command></para> + + <para>Examples:<command>username = fred, mary, jack, jane, + @users, @pcgroup</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USERNAMELEVEL">username level (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option helps Samba to try and 'guess' at + the real UNIX username, as many DOS clients send an all-uppercase + username. By default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the + username with the first letter capitalized, and fails if the + username is not found on the UNIX machine.</para> + + <para>If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. + This parameter is a number that specifies the number of uppercase + combinations to try whilst trying to determine the UNIX user name. The + higher the number the more combinations will be tried, but the slower + the discovery of usernames will be. Use this parameter when you have + strange usernames on your UNIX machine, such as <constant>AstrangeUser + </constant>.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>username level = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>username level = 5</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="USERNAMEMAP">username map (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This option allows you to specify a file containing + a mapping of usernames from the clients to the server. This can be + used for several purposes. The most common is to map usernames + that users use on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX + box uses. The other is to map multiple users to a single username + so that they can more easily share files.</para> + + <para>The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should + contain a single UNIX username on the left then a '=' followed + by a list of usernames on the right. The list of usernames on the + right may contain names of the form @group in which case they + will match any UNIX username in that group. The special client + name '*' is a wildcard and matches any name. Each line of the + map file may be up to 1023 characters long.</para> + + <para>The file is processed on each line by taking the + supplied username and comparing it with each username on the right + hand side of the '=' signs. If the supplied name matches any of + the names on the right hand side then it is replaced with the name + on the left. Processing then continues with the next line.</para> + + <para>If any line begins with a '#' or a ';' then it is + ignored</para> + + <para>If any line begins with an '!' then the processing + will stop after that line if a mapping was done by the line. + Otherwise mapping continues with every line being processed. + Using '!' is most useful when you have a wildcard mapping line + later in the file.</para> + + <para>For example to map from the name <constant>admin</constant> + or <constant>administrator</constant> to the UNIX name <constant> + root</constant> you would use:</para> + + <para><command>root = admin administrator</command></para> + + <para>Or to map anyone in the UNIX group <constant>system</constant> + to the UNIX name <constant>sys</constant> you would use:</para> + + <para><command>sys = @system</command></para> + + <para>You can have as many mappings as you like in a username + map file.</para> + + + <para>If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then + the netgroup database is checked before the <filename>/etc/group + </filename> database for matching groups.</para> + + <para>You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them + by using double quotes around the name. For example:</para> + + <para><command>tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"</command></para> + + <para>would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the + unix username "tridge".</para> + + <para>The following example would map mary and fred to the + unix user sys, and map the rest to guest. Note the use of the + '!' to tell Samba to stop processing if it gets a match on + that line.</para> + + <para><programlisting> + !sys = mary fred + guest = * + </programlisting></para> + + <para>Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences + of usernames. Thus if you connect to \\server\fred and <constant> + fred</constant> is remapped to <constant>mary</constant> then you + will actually be connecting to \\server\mary and will need to + supply a password suitable for <constant>mary</constant> not + <constant>fred</constant>. The only exception to this is the + username passed to the <link linkend="PASSWORDSERVER"><parameter> + password server</parameter></link> (if you have one). The password + server will receive whatever username the client supplies without + modification.</para> + + <para>Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect + this has is with printing. Users who have been mapped may have + trouble deleting print jobs as PrintManager under WfWg will think + they don't own the print job.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no username map</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="UTMP">utmp (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean parameter is only available if + Samba has been configured and compiled with the option <command> + --with-utmp</command>. If set to True then Samba will attempt + to add utmp or utmpx records (depending on the UNIX system) whenever a + connection is made to a Samba server. Sites may use this to record the + user connecting to a Samba share.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="UTMPDIRECTORY"><parameter> + utmp directory</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>utmp = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="UTMPDIRECTORY">utmp directory(G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is only available if Samba has + been configured and compiled with the option <command> + --with-utmp</command>. It specifies a directory pathname that is + used to store the utmp or utmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that + record user connections to a Samba server. See also the <link linkend="UTMP"> + <parameter>utmp</parameter></link> parameter. By default this is + not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the + native system is set to use (usually + <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename> on Linux).</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>no utmp directory</emphasis></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINBINDCACHETIME">winbind cache time</term> + <listitem><para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> this parameter is only + available in Samba 3.0.</para> + + <para>This parameter specifies the number of seconds the + <ulink url="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</ulink> daemon will cache + user and group information before querying a Windows NT server + again.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>winbind cache type = 15</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINBINDGID">winbind gid</term> + <listitem><para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> this parameter is only + available in Samba 3.0.</para> + + <para>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group + ids that are allocated by the <ulink url="winbindd.8.html"> + winbindd(8)</ulink> daemon. This range of group ids should have no + existing local or nis groups within it as strange conflicts can + occur otherwise.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>winbind gid = <empty string> + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>winbind gid = 10000-20000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINBINDUID">winbind uid</term> + <listitem><para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> this parameter is only + available in Samba 3.0.</para> + + <para>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group + ids that are allocated by the <ulink url="winbindd.8.html"> + winbindd(8)</ulink> daemon. This range of ids should have no + existing local or nis users within it as strange conflicts can + occur otherwise.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>winbind uid = <empty string> + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>winbind uid = 10000-20000</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="VALIDCHARS">valid chars (G)</term> + <listitem><para>The option allows you to specify additional + characters that should be considered valid by the server in + filenames. This is particularly useful for national character + sets, such as adding u-umlaut or a-ring.</para> + + <para>The option takes a list of characters in either integer + or character form with spaces between them. If you give two + characters with a colon between them then it will be taken as + an lowercase:uppercase pair.</para> + + <para>If you have an editor capable of entering the characters + into the config file then it is probably easiest to use this + method. Otherwise you can specify the characters in octal, + decimal or hexadecimal form using the usual C notation.</para> + + <para>For example to add the single character 'Z' to the charset + (which is a pointless thing to do as it's already there) you could + do one of the following</para> + + <para><programlisting> + valid chars = Z + valid chars = z:Z + valid chars = 0132:0172 + </programlisting></para> + + <para>The last two examples above actually add two characters, + and alter the uppercase and lowercase mappings appropriately.</para> + + <para>Note that you <emphasis>MUST</emphasis> specify this parameter + after the <parameter>client code page</parameter> parameter if you + have both set. If <parameter>client code page</parameter> is set after + the <parameter>valid chars</parameter> parameter the <parameter>valid + chars</parameter> settings will be overwritten.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="CLIENTCODEPAGE"><parameter>client + code page</parameter></link> parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>Samba defaults to using a reasonable set + of valid characters for English systems</emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>valid chars = 0345:0305 0366:0326 0344:0304 + </command></para> + + <para>The above example allows filenames to have the Swedish + characters in them.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE:</emphasis> It is actually quite difficult to + correctly produce a <parameter>valid chars</parameter> line for + a particular system. To automate the process <ulink + url="mailto:tino@augsburg.net">tino@augsburg.net</ulink> has written + a package called <command>validchars</command> which will automatically + produce a complete <parameter>valid chars</parameter> line for + a given client system. Look in the <filename>examples/validchars/ + </filename> subdirectory of your Samba source code distribution + for this package.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="VALIDUSERS">valid users (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users that should be allowed + to login to this service. Names starting with '@', '+' and '&' + are interpreted using the same rules as described in the + <parameter>invalid users</parameter> parameter.</para> + + <para>If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. + If a username is in both this list and the <parameter>invalid + users</parameter> list then access is denied for that user.</para> + + <para>The current servicename is substituted for <parameter>%S + </parameter>. This is useful in the [homes] section.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="INVALIDUSERS"><parameter>invalid users + </parameter></link></para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>No valid users list (anyone can login) + </emphasis></para> + + <para>Example: <command>valid users = greg, @pcusers</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="VETOFILES">veto files(S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of files and directories that + are neither visible nor accessible. Each entry in the list must + be separated by a '/', which allows spaces to be included + in the entry. '*' and '?' can be used to specify multiple files + or directories as in DOS wildcards.</para> + + <para>Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and + must <emphasis>not</emphasis> include the unix directory + separator '/'.</para> + + <para>Note that the <parameter>case sensitive</parameter> option + is applicable in vetoing files.</para> + + <para>One feature of the veto files parameter that it is important + to be aware of, is that if a directory contains nothing but files + that match the veto files parameter (which means that Windows/DOS + clients cannot ever see them) is deleted, the veto files within + that directory <emphasis>are automatically deleted</emphasis> along + with it, if the user has UNIX permissions to do so.</para> + + <para>Setting this parameter will affect the performance + of Samba, as it will be forced to check all files and directories + for a match as they are scanned.</para> + + <para>See also <link linkend="HIDEFILES"><parameter>hide files + </parameter></link> and <link linkend="CASESENSITIVE"><parameter> + case sensitive</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>No files or directories are vetoed. + </emphasis></para> + + <para>Examples:<programlisting> + ; Veto any files containing the word Security, + ; any ending in .tmp, and any directory containing the + ; word root. + veto files = /*Security*/*.tmp/*root*/ + + ; Veto the Apple specific files that a NetAtalk server + ; creates. + veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/ + </programlisting></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="VETOOPLOCKFILES">veto oplock files (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter is only valid when the <link + linkend="OPLOCKS"><parameter>oplocks</parameter></link> + parameter is turned on for a share. It allows the Samba administrator + to selectively turn off the granting of oplocks on selected files that + match a wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the + <link linkend="VETOFILES"><parameter>veto files</parameter></link> + parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>No files are vetoed for oplock + grants</emphasis></para> + + <para>You might want to do this on files that you know will + be heavily contended for by clients. A good example of this + is in the NetBench SMB benchmark program, which causes heavy + client contention for files ending in <filename>.SEM</filename>. + To cause Samba not to grant oplocks on these files you would use + the line (either in the [global] section or in the section for + the particular NetBench share :</para> + + <para>Example: <command>veto oplock files = /*;.SEM/ + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="VOLUME">volume (S)</term> + <listitem><para> This allows you to override the volume label + returned for a share. Useful for CDROMs with installation programs + that insist on a particular volume label.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>the name of the share</emphasis></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WIDELINKS">wide links (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls whether or not links + in the UNIX file system may be followed by the server. Links + that point to areas within the directory tree exported by the + server are always allowed; this parameter controls access only + to areas that are outside the directory tree being exported.</para> + + <para>Note that setting this parameter can have a negative + effect on your server performance due to the extra system calls + that Samba has to do in order to perform the link checks.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>wide links = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINSPROXY">wins proxy (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a boolean that controls if <ulink + url="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</ulink> will respond to broadcast name + queries on behalf of other hosts. You may need to set this + to <constant>yes</constant> for some older clients.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>wins proxy = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINSSERVER">wins server (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP + address for preference) of the WINS server that <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"> + nmbd(8)</ulink> should register with. If you have a WINS server on + your network then you should set this to the WINS server's IP.</para> + + <para>You should point this at your WINS server if you have a + multi-subnetted network.</para> + + <para><emphasis>NOTE</emphasis>. You need to set up Samba to point + to a WINS server if you have multiple subnets and wish cross-subnet + browsing to work correctly.</para> + + <para>See the documentation file <filename>BROWSING.txt</filename> + in the docs/ directory of your Samba source distribution.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>not enabled</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>wins server = 192.9.200.1</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINSHOOK">wins hook (G)</term> + <listitem><para>When Samba is running as a WINS server this + allows you to call an external program for all changes to the + WINS database. The primary use for this option is to allow the + dynamic update of external name resolution databases such as + dynamic DNS.</para> + + <para>The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script + or executable that will be called as follows:</para> + + <para><command>wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list + </command></para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>The first argument is the operation and is one + of "add", "delete", or "refresh". In most cases the operation can + be ignored as the rest of the parameters provide sufficient + information. Note that "refresh" may sometimes be called when the + name has not previously been added, in that case it should be treated + as an add.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The second argument is the netbios name. If the + name is not a legal name then the wins hook is not called. + Legal names contain only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores + and periods.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The third argument is the netbios name + type as a 2 digit hexadecimal number. </para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The fourth argument is the TTL (time to live) + for the name in seconds.</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>The fifth and subsequent arguments are the IP + addresses currently registered for that name. If this list is + empty then the name should be deleted.</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para>An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update + program <command>nsupdate</command> is provided in the examples + directory of the Samba source code. </para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WINSSUPPORT">wins support (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This boolean controls if the <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"> + nmbd(8)</ulink> process in Samba will act as a WINS server. You should + not set this to true unless you have a multi-subnetted network and + you wish a particular <command>nmbd</command> to be your WINS server. + Note that you should <emphasis>NEVER</emphasis> set this to true + on more than one machine in your network.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>wins support = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WORKGROUP">workgroup (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This controls what workgroup your server will + appear to be in when queried by clients. Note that this parameter + also controls the Domain name used with the <link + linkend="WORKGROUP"><command>security=domain</command></link> + setting.</para> + + <para>Default: <emphasis>set at compile time to WORKGROUP</emphasis></para> + <para>Example: <command>workgroup = MYGROUP</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITABLE">writable (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter> + writeable</parameter></link> for people who can't spell :-).</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITELIST">write list (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This is a list of users that are given read-write + access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then + they will be given write access, no matter what the <link + linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter>writeable</parameter></link> + option is set to. The list can include group names using the + @group syntax.</para> + + <para>Note that if a user is in both the read list and the + write list then they will be given write access.</para> + + <para>See also the <link linkend="READLIST"><parameter>read list + </parameter></link> option.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>write list = <empty string> + </command></para> + + <para>Example: <command>write list = admin, root, @staff + </command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITECACHESIZE">write cache size (S)</term> + <listitem><para>This integer parameter (new with Samba 2.0.7) + if set to non-zero causes Samba to create an in-memory cache for + each oplocked file (it does <emphasis>not</emphasis> do this for + non-oplocked files). All writes that the client does not request + to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache if possible. + The cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in whose offset + would not fit into the cache or when the file is closed by the client. + Reads for the file are also served from this cache if the data is stored + within it.</para> + + <para>This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more + efficient write size for RAID disks (ie. writes may be tuned to + be the RAID stripe size) and can improve performance on systems + where the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but there is free + memory for userspace programs.</para> + + <para>The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache + (per oplocked file) in bytes.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>write cache size = 0</command></para> + <para>Example: <command>write cache size = 262144</command></para> + + <para>for a 256k cache size per file.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITEOK">write ok (S)</term> + <listitem><para>Synonym for <link linkend="WRITEABLE"><parameter> + writeable</parameter></link>.</para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITERAW">write raw (G)</term> + <listitem><para>This parameter controls whether or not the server + will support raw writes SMB's when transferring data from clients. + You should never need to change this parameter.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>write raw = yes</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + + <varlistentry> + <term><anchor id="WRITEABLE">writeable (S)</term> + <listitem><para>An inverted synonym is <link linkend="READONLY"> + <parameter>read only</parameter></link>.</para> + + <para>If this parameter is <constant>no</constant>, then users + of a service may not create or modify files in the service's + directory.</para> + + <para>Note that a printable service (<command>printable = yes</command>) + will <emphasis>ALWAYS</emphasis> allow writing to the directory + (user privileges permitting), but only via spooling operations.</para> + + <para>Default: <command>writeable = no</command></para> + </listitem> + </varlistentry> + + + </variablelist> + +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>WARNINGS</title> + + <para>Although the configuration file permits service names + to contain spaces, your client software may not. Spaces will + be ignored in comparisons anyway, so it shouldn't be a + problem - but be aware of the possibility.</para> + + <para>On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - + limit service names to eight characters. <ulink url="smbd.8.html">smbd(8) + </ulink> has no such limitation, but attempts to connect from such + clients will fail if they truncate the service names. For this reason + you should probably keep your service names down to eight characters + in length.</para> + + <para>Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life + for an administrator easy, but the various combinations of default + attributes can be tricky. Take extreme care when designing these + sections. In particular, ensure that the permissions on spool + directories are correct.</para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>VERSION</title> + + <para>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>SEE ALSO</title> + <para><ulink url="samba.7.html">samba(7)</ulink>, + <ulink url="smbpasswd.8.html"><command>smbpasswd(8)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="swat.8.html"><command>swat(8)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="smbd.8.html"><command>smbd(8)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="nmbd.8.html"><command>nmbd(8)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="smbclient.1.html"><command>smbclient(1)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="nmblookup.1.html"><command>nmblookup(1)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="testparm.1.html"><command>testparm(1)</command></ulink>, + <ulink url="testprns.1.html"><command>testprns(1)</command></ulink> + </para> +</refsect1> + +<refsect1> + <title>AUTHOR</title> + + <para>The original Samba software and related utilities + were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed + by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para> + + <para>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <ulink url="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/"> + ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</ulink>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</para> +</refsect1> + +</refentry> |