diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml | 398 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 398 deletions
diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index ce9f40e88b..0000000000 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,398 +0,0 @@ -<chapter id="printingdebug"> -<chapterinfo> - <author> - <firstname>Patrick</firstname><surname>Powell</surname> - <affiliation> - <address><email>papowell@lprng.org</email></address> - </affiliation> - </author> - <pubdate>11 August 2000</pubdate> -</chapterinfo> - -<title>Debugging Printing Problems</title> - -<sect1> -<title>Introduction</title> - -<para> -This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with -Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB -client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse -see the examples/printing directory. -</para> - -<para> -Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first -thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any -printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client -and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC -then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command -you use is up to you. -</para> - -<para> -The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most -relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page) -are: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - [global] - print command - send a file to a spooler - lpq command - get spool queue status - lprm command - remove a job - [printers] - path = /var/spool/lpd/samba -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -The following are nice to know about: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue - queueresume command - start a printer or print queue -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -Example: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s - lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s - lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j - queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop - queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your -system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you -have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should -always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have -the correct PATH values. -</para> - -<para> -When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary -copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section. -and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option -requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If -printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory, -and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq -command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job -by the spooler. -</para> - -<para> -The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate -values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool -file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the -printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from -the lpq output. -</para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Debugging printer problems</title> - -<para> -One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these -command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents -of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might -be: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s - - #!/bin/saveprint - # we make sure that we are the right user - /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print - # we run the command and save the error messages - # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system - /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the -print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status -and remove the job: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - -h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi -h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4 -added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 -Password: -Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7] -smb: \> print /tmp/hi -putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s) -smb: \> queue -1049 3 hi-17534 -smb: \> cancel 1049 -Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0 -smb: \> cancel 1049 -Job 1049 cancelled -smb: \> queue -smb: \> exit -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment -by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this. -You can observe the command output and then and look at the -/tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly -find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people -have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on -various print queues. -</para> -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>What printers do I have?</title> - -<para> -You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer -name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can -use: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - testprns printer /etc/printcap -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. -You can try the following to see the format of the extracted -information: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - testprns -a printer /etc/printcap - - testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap' -</programlisting></para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Setting up printcap and print servers</title> - -<para> -You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. -It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by -the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information. -</para> - -<para> -Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap -information. This printcap information has the format: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:... -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed -only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also -allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the -printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment' -about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines -to extend the printcap to multiple lines. -</para> - -<para> -Here are some examples of printcap files: -</para> - -<para> -<orderedlist> -<listitem><para> -pr just printer name -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -pr|alias printer name and alias -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing - :cm= \ - testing -</para></listitem> -<listitem><para> -pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing - :cm= testing -</para></listitem> -</orderedlist> -</para> - -<para> -Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make -changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following: -</para> - -<orderedlist> - -<listitem><para> -make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. -The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this. -</para></listitem> - -<listitem><para> -make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the -correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f' -command to do this. -</para></listitem> - -<listitem><para> -You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have -it reread the printcap information. -</para></listitem> -</orderedlist> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Job sent, no output</title> - -<para> -This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the -job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around -the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer. -</para> - -<para> -First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the -right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler, -you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be -submitted, but they will not be printed. Use: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - lpc -Pprinter stop -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the -job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then -you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing. -</para> - -<para> -Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really -was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view -the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these -are not in what you would expect to call a printable format. -You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job -format actually is: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs - ls # find job files - file dfA001myhost -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that -your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will -convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer. -</para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Job sent, strange output</title> - -<para> -Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about -making it print nicely. -</para> - -<para> -The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages -OR blank pages at the end. -</para> - -<para> -If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the -printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners. -If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner -page) option. You should have the following in your printer. -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - printer: ... :sh -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there -is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you -automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled -for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software -or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer. -</para> - -<para> -If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems -with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs, -incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client. -For example, under Win95 there is a option: -</para> - -<para><programlisting> - Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced| -</programlisting></para> - -<para> -that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. -This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will -automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as -PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output. -</para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Raw PostScript printed</title> - -<para> -This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling -system putting information at the start of the print job that makes -the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply -does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic -Format Detection' on your printer. -</para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Advanced Printing</title> - -<para> -Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your -imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. -Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print -command shell script. You could even make the print command detect -the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate -printer. -</para> - -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Real debugging</title> - -<para> -If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in -the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory. -</para> -</sect1> -</chapter> |