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diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.sgml index 7aabca948f..53dae21775 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.sgml +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.sgml @@ -68,33 +68,27 @@ PDC functionality. <itemizedlist> <listitem><para> - Domain logons for Windows NT 4.0 / 200x / XP Professional clients. + domain logons for Windows NT 4.0 / 200x / XP Professional clients. </para></listitem> <listitem><para> - Placing Windows 9x / Me clients in user level security + placing Windows 9x / Me clients in user level security </para></listitem> <listitem><para> - Retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to + retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to Windows 9x / Me / NT / 200x / XP Professional clients </para></listitem> <listitem><para> - Roaming Profiles + roaming user profiles </para></listitem> <listitem><para> - Network/System Policies + Windows NT 4.0-style system policies </para></listitem> </itemizedlist> -<note> -<para> -Roaming Profiles and System/Network policies are advanced network administration topics -that are covered separately in this document. -</para> -</note> <para> The following functionalities are new to the Samba 3.0 release: @@ -593,17 +587,18 @@ version of Windows. <para>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system - can not log you on (C000019B), Please try again or consult your + can not log you on (C000019B), Please try a gain or consult your system administrator" when attempting to logon. </para> <para> - This occurs when the domain SID stored in the secrets.tdb database - is changed. The most common cause of a change in domain SID is when - the domain name and/or the server name (netbios name) is changed. - The only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain - SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin. The domain - SID may be reset using either the smbpasswd or rpcclient utilities. + This occurs when the domain SID stored in + <filename>private/WORKGROUP.SID</filename> is + changed. For example, you remove the file and <command>smbd</command> automatically + creates a new one. Or you are swapping back and forth between + versions 2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch code (not recommended). The + only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain + SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin. </para> </listitem> @@ -680,6 +675,128 @@ version of Windows. </sect1> + + +<!-- ********************************************************** + + Policies and Profiles + +*************************************************************** --> + +<sect1> +<title> +System Policies and Profiles +</title> + +<para> +Much of the information necessary to implement System Policies and +Roving User Profiles in a Samba domain is the same as that for +implementing these same items in a Windows NT 4.0 domain. +You should read the white paper <ulink url="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp">Implementing +Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0</ulink> available from Microsoft. +</para> + +<para> +Here are some additional details: +</para> + +<itemizedlist> + +<listitem> + <para> + <emphasis>What about Windows NT Policy Editor?</emphasis> + </para> + + <para> + To create or edit <filename>ntconfig.pol</filename> you must use + the NT Server Policy Editor, <command>poledit.exe</command> which + is included with NT Server but <emphasis>not NT Workstation</emphasis>. + There is a Policy Editor on a NTws + but it is not suitable for creating <emphasis>Domain Policies</emphasis>. + Further, although the Windows 95 + Policy Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not + work with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy templates. + However, the files from the NT Server will run happily enough on an NTws. + You need <filename>poledit.exe, common.adm</filename> and <filename>winnt.adm</filename>. It is convenient + to put the two *.adm files in <filename>c:\winnt\inf</filename> which is where + the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that + directory is 'hidden'. + </para> + + <para> + The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and + later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <command>servicepackname /x</command>, + i.e. that's <command>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</command> for service pack 6a. The policy editor, + <command>poledit.exe</command> and the associated template files (*.adm) should + be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template + files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible + location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft. + </para> +</listitem> + + +<listitem> + <para> + <emphasis>Can Win95 do Policies?</emphasis> + </para> + + <para> + Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group + policies. Look on the Win98 CD in <filename>\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</filename>. + Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking + <filename>grouppol.inf</filename>. Log off and on again a couple of + times and see if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs + to be done on every Win9x machine that uses group policies.... + </para> + + <para> + If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated + (read: working) grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed + from /etc/group. + </para> +</listitem> + + +<listitem> + <para> + <emphasis>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'</emphasis> + </para> + + <para> + Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get + the 'User Manager for Domains', the 'Server Manager'? + </para> + + <para> + Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for + installation on Windows 95 systems. The tools set includes + </para> + + <itemizedlist> + <listitem><para>Server Manager</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>User Manager for Domains</para></listitem> + + <listitem><para>Event Viewer</para></listitem> + </itemizedlist> + + <para> + Click here to download the archived file <ulink + url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE">ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</ulink> + </para> + + <para> + The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for + Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp + from <ulink url="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE">ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</ulink> + </para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +</sect1> + + + <!-- ********************************************************** Getting Help @@ -978,28 +1095,37 @@ general SMB topics such as browsing.</para> <sect1> <title>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</title> +<note> +<para> +The following section contains much of the original +DOMAIN.txt file previously included with Samba. Much of +the material is based on what went into the book <emphasis>Special +Edition, Using Samba</emphasis>, by Richard Sharpe. +</para> +</note> + <para> A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same thing in terms of network browsing. The difference is that a distributable authentication database is associated with a domain, for secure login access to a network. Also, different access rights can be granted to users if they -successfully authenticate against a domain logon server. Samba-3 does this -now in the same way that MS Windows NT/2K. +successfully authenticate against a domain logon server (NT server and +other systems based on NT server support this, as does at least Samba TNG now). </para> <para> The SMB client logging on to a domain has an expectation that every other server in the domain should accept the same authentication information. -Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is identical and -is explained in this documentation under the browsing discussions. -It should be noted, that browsing is totally orthogonal to logon support. +Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is +identical and is explained in BROWSING.txt. It should be noted, that browsing +is totally orthogonal to logon support. </para> <para> Issues related to the single-logon network model are discussed in this section. Samba supports domain logons, network logon scripts, and user profiles for MS Windows for workgroups and MS Windows 9X/ME clients -which are the focus of this section. +which will be the focus of this section. </para> @@ -1160,5 +1286,593 @@ for its domain. </warning> </sect2> + + +<sect2> +<title>Configuration Instructions: Setting up Roaming User Profiles</title> + +<warning> +<para> +<emphasis>NOTE!</emphasis> Roaming profiles support is different +for Win9X and WinNT. +</para> +</warning> + +<para> +Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how +Win9X and WinNT clients implement these features. +</para> + +<para> +Win9X clients send a NetUserGetInfo request to the server to get the user's +profiles location. However, the response does not have room for a separate +profiles location field, only the user's home share. This means that Win9X +profiles are restricted to being in the user's home directory. +</para> + + +<para> +WinNT clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields, +including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles. +This means that support for profiles is different for Win9X and WinNT. +</para> + + + +<sect3> +<title>Windows NT Configuration</title> + +<para> +To support WinNT clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the +following (for example): +</para> + +<para><programlisting> +logon path = \\profileserver\profileshare\profilepath\%U\moreprofilepath +</programlisting></para> + +<para> +The default for this option is \\%N\%U\profile, namely +\\sambaserver\username\profile. The \\N%\%U service is created +automatically by the [homes] service. +If you are using a samba server for the profiles, you _must_ make the +share specified in the logon path browseable. +</para> + +<note> +<para> +[lkcl 26aug96 - we have discovered a problem where Windows clients can +maintain a connection to the [homes] share in between logins. The +[homes] share must NOT therefore be used in a profile path.] +</para> +</note> + +</sect3> + + +<sect3> +<title>Windows 9X Configuration</title> + +<para> +To support Win9X clients, you must use the "logon home" parameter. Samba has +now been fixed so that "net use/home" now works as well, and it, too, relies +on the "logon home" parameter. +</para> + +<para> +By using the logon home parameter, you are restricted to putting Win9X +profiles in the user's home directory. But wait! There is a trick you +can use. If you set the following in the [global] section of your +smb.conf file: +</para> + +<para><programlisting> +logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles +</programlisting></para> + +<para> +then your Win9X clients will dutifully put their clients in a subdirectory +of your home directory called .profiles (thus making them hidden). +</para> + +<para> +Not only that, but 'net use/home' will also work, because of a feature in +Win9X. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area +and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you +specified \\%L\%U for "logon home". +</para> + + +</sect3> + + +<sect3> +<title>Win9X and WinNT Configuration</title> + +<para> +You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the +"logon home" and "logon path" parameters. For example: +</para> + +<para><programlisting> +logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles +logon path = \\%L\profiles\%U +</programlisting></para> + +<note> +<para> +I have not checked what 'net use /home' does on NT when "logon home" is +set as above. +</para> +</note> +</sect3> + + + +<sect3> +<title>Windows 9X Profile Setup</title> + +<para> +When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created, +as are folders "Start Menu", "Desktop", "Programs" and "Nethood". +These directories and their contents will be merged with the local +versions stored in c:\windows\profiles\username on subsequent logins, +taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the [global] +options "preserve case = yes", "short preserve case = yes" and +"case sensitive = no" in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts +in any of the profile folders. +</para> + + +<para> +The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to +enforce a set of preferences, rename their user.DAT file to user.MAN, +and deny them write access to this file. +</para> + +<orderedlist> +<listitem> + <para> + On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Passwords and + select the User Profiles tab. Select the required level of + roaming preferences. Press OK, but do _not_ allow the computer + to reboot. + </para> +</listitem> + + +<listitem> + <para> + On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Network | + Client for Microsoft Networks | Preferences. Select 'Log on to + NT Domain'. Then, ensure that the Primary Logon is 'Client for + Microsoft Networks'. Press OK, and this time allow the computer + to reboot. + </para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> + +<para> +Under Windows 95, Profiles are downloaded from the Primary Logon. +If you have the Primary Logon as 'Client for Novell Networks', then +the profiles and logon script will be downloaded from your Novell +Server. If you have the Primary Logon as 'Windows Logon', then the +profiles will be loaded from the local machine - a bit against the +concept of roaming profiles, if you ask me. +</para> + +<para> +You will now find that the Microsoft Networks Login box contains +[user, password, domain] instead of just [user, password]. Type in +the samba server's domain name (or any other domain known to exist, +but bear in mind that the user will be authenticated against this +domain and profiles downloaded from it, if that domain logon server +supports it), user name and user's password. +</para> + +<para> +Once the user has been successfully validated, the Windows 95 machine +will inform you that 'The user has not logged on before' and asks you +if you wish to save the user's preferences? Select 'yes'. +</para> + +<para> +Once the Windows 95 client comes up with the desktop, you should be able +to examine the contents of the directory specified in the "logon path" +on the samba server and verify that the "Desktop", "Start Menu", +"Programs" and "Nethood" folders have been created. +</para> + +<para> +These folders will be cached locally on the client, and updated when +the user logs off (if you haven't made them read-only by then :-). +You will find that if the user creates further folders or short-cuts, +that the client will merge the profile contents downloaded with the +contents of the profile directory already on the local client, taking +the newest folders and short-cuts from each set. +</para> + +<para> +If you have made the folders / files read-only on the samba server, +then you will get errors from the w95 machine on logon and logout, as +it attempts to merge the local and the remote profile. Basically, if +you have any errors reported by the w95 machine, check the Unix file +permissions and ownership rights on the profile directory contents, +on the samba server. +</para> + +<para> +If you have problems creating user profiles, you can reset the user's +local desktop cache, as shown below. When this user then next logs in, +they will be told that they are logging in "for the first time". +</para> + +<orderedlist> +<listitem> + <para> + instead of logging in under the [user, password, domain] dialog, + press escape. + </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> + <para> + run the regedit.exe program, and look in: + </para> + + <para> + HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList + </para> + + <para> + you will find an entry, for each user, of ProfilePath. Note the + contents of this key (likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), + then delete the key ProfilePath for the required user. + </para> + + <para> + [Exit the registry editor]. + </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> + <para> + <emphasis>WARNING</emphasis> - before deleting the contents of the + directory listed in + the ProfilePath (this is likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), + ask them if they have any important files stored on their desktop + or in their start menu. delete the contents of the directory + ProfilePath (making a backup if any of the files are needed). + </para> + + <para> + This will have the effect of removing the local (read-only hidden + system file) user.DAT in their profile directory, as well as the + local "desktop", "nethood", "start menu" and "programs" folders. + </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> + <para> + search for the user's .PWL password-caching file in the c:\windows + directory, and delete it. + </para> +</listitem> + + +<listitem> + <para> + log off the windows 95 client. + </para> +</listitem> + +<listitem> + <para> + check the contents of the profile path (see "logon path" described + above), and delete the user.DAT or user.MAN file for the user, + making a backup if required. + </para> +</listitem> + +</orderedlist> + +<para> +If all else fails, increase samba's debug log levels to between 3 and 10, +and / or run a packet trace program such as tcpdump or netmon.exe, and +look for any error reports. +</para> + +<para> +If you have access to an NT server, then first set up roaming profiles +and / or netlogons on the NT server. Make a packet trace, or examine +the example packet traces provided with NT server, and see what the +differences are with the equivalent samba trace. +</para> + +</sect3> + + +<sect3> +<title>Windows NT Workstation 4.0</title> + +<para> +When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile +NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified +through the "logon path" parameter. +</para> + +<note> +<para> +[lkcl 10aug97 - i tried setting the path to +\\samba-server\homes\profile, and discovered that this fails because +a background process maintains the connection to the [homes] share +which does _not_ close down in between user logins. you have to +have \\samba-server\%L\profile, where user is the username created +from the [homes] share]. +</para> +</note> + +<para> +There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles: +"logon drive". This should be set to "h:" or any other drive, and +should be used in conjunction with the new "logon home" parameter. +</para> + +<para> +The entry for the NT 4.0 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT +help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS +extension. The user, while logging in, must have write permission to +create the full profile path (and the folder with the .PDS extension) +[lkcl 10aug97 - i found that the creation of the .PDS directory failed, +and had to create these manually for each user, with a shell script. +also, i presume, but have not tested, that the full profile path must +be browseable just as it is for w95, due to the manner in which they +attempt to create the full profile path: test existence of each path +component; create path component]. +</para> + +<para> +In the profile directory, NT creates more folders than 95. It creates +"Application Data" and others, as well as "Desktop", "Nethood", +"Start Menu" and "Programs". The profile itself is stored in a file +NTuser.DAT. Nothing appears to be stored in the .PDS directory, and +its purpose is currently unknown. +</para> + +<para> +You can use the System Control Panel to copy a local profile onto +a samba server (see NT Help on profiles: it is also capable of firing +up the correct location in the System Control Panel for you). The +NT Help file also mentions that renaming NTuser.DAT to NTuser.MAN +turns a profile into a mandatory one. +</para> + +<note> +<para> +[lkcl 10aug97 - i notice that NT Workstation tells me that it is +downloading a profile from a slow link. whether this is actually the +case, or whether there is some configuration issue, as yet unknown, +that makes NT Workstation _think_ that the link is a slow one is a +matter to be resolved]. +</para> + +<para> +[lkcl 20aug97 - after samba digest correspondence, one user found, and +another confirmed, that profiles cannot be loaded from a samba server +unless "security = user" and "encrypt passwords = yes" (see the file +ENCRYPTION.txt) or "security = server" and "password server = ip.address. +of.yourNTserver" are used. Either of these options will allow the NT +workstation to access the samba server using LAN manager encrypted +passwords, without the user intervention normally required by NT +workstation for clear-text passwords]. +</para> + +<para> +[lkcl 25aug97 - more comments received about NT profiles: the case of +the profile _matters_. the file _must_ be called NTuser.DAT or, for +a mandatory profile, NTuser.MAN]. +</para> +</note> + +</sect3> + + +<sect3> +<title>Windows NT Server</title> + +<para> +There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the +location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the +profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as +that SMB server supports encrypted passwords. +</para> + +</sect3> + + +<sect3> +<title>Sharing Profiles between W95 and NT Workstation 4.0</title> + +<warning> +<title>Potentially outdated or incorrect material follows</title> +<para> +I think this is all bogus, but have not deleted it. (Richard Sharpe) +</para> +</warning> + +<para> +The default logon path is \\%N\%U. NT Workstation will attempt to create +a directory "\\samba-server\username.PDS" if you specify the logon path +as "\\samba-server\username" with the NT User Manager. Therefore, you +will need to specify (for example) "\\samba-server\username\profile". +NT 4.0 will attempt to create "\\samba-server\username\profile.PDS", which +is more likely to succeed. +</para> + +<para> +If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W95, you will +need to specify "logon path = \\samba-server\username\profile" [lkcl 10aug97 +this has its drawbacks: i created a shortcut to telnet.exe, which attempts +to run from the c:\winnt\system32 directory. this directory is obviously +unlikely to exist on a Win95-only host]. +</para> + +<para> + +If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate user.DAT and +NTuser.DAT files in the same profile directory. +</para> + +<note> +<para> +[lkcl 25aug97 - there are some issues to resolve with downloading of +NT profiles, probably to do with time/date stamps. i have found that +NTuser.DAT is never updated on the workstation after the first time that +it is copied to the local workstation profile directory. this is in +contrast to w95, where it _does_ transfer / update profiles correctly]. +</para> +</note> + +</sect3> + +</sect2> </sect1> + + +<!-- ********************************************************** + + Appendix - DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt + +*************************************************************** --> + +<sect1> +<title> +DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control & Samba +</title> + +<warning> + <title>Possibly Outdated Material</title> + + <para> + This appendix was originally authored by John H Terpstra of + the Samba Team and is included here for posterity. + </para> +</warning> + + +<para> +<emphasis>NOTE :</emphasis> +The term "Domain Controller" and those related to it refer to one specific +method of authentication that can underly an SMB domain. Domain Controllers +prior to Windows NT Server 3.1 were sold by various companies and based on +private extensions to the LAN Manager 2.1 protocol. Windows NT introduced +Microsoft-specific ways of distributing the user authentication database. +See DOMAIN.txt for examples of how Samba can participate in or create +SMB domains based on shared authentication database schemes other than the +Windows NT SAM. +</para> + +<para> +Windows NT Server can be installed as either a plain file and print server +(WORKGROUP workstation or server) or as a server that participates in Domain +Control (DOMAIN member, Primary Domain controller or Backup Domain controller). +The same is true for OS/2 Warp Server, Digital Pathworks and other similar +products, all of which can participate in Domain Control along with Windows NT. +</para> + +<para> +To many people these terms can be confusing, so let's try to clear the air. +</para> + +<para> +Every Windows NT system (workstation or server) has a registry database. +The registry contains entries that describe the initialization information +for all services (the equivalent of Unix Daemons) that run within the Windows +NT environment. The registry also contains entries that tell application +software where to find dynamically loadable libraries that they depend upon. +In fact, the registry contains entries that describes everything that anything +may need to know to interact with the rest of the system. +</para> + +<para> +The registry files can be located on any Windows NT machine by opening a +command prompt and typing: +</para> + +<para> +<prompt>C:\WINNT\></prompt> dir %SystemRoot%\System32\config +</para> + +<para> +The environment variable %SystemRoot% value can be obtained by typing: +</para> + +<para> +<prompt>C:\WINNT></prompt>echo %SystemRoot% +</para> + +<para> +The active parts of the registry that you may want to be familiar with are +the files called: default, system, software, sam and security. +</para> + +<para> +In a domain environment, Microsoft Windows NT domain controllers participate +in replication of the SAM and SECURITY files so that all controllers within +the domain have an exactly identical copy of each. +</para> + +<para> +The Microsoft Windows NT system is structured within a security model that +says that all applications and services must authenticate themselves before +they can obtain permission from the security manager to do what they set out +to do. +</para> + +<para> +The Windows NT User database also resides within the registry. This part of +the registry contains the user's security identifier, home directory, group +memberships, desktop profile, and so on. +</para> + +<para> +Every Windows NT system (workstation as well as server) will have its own +registry. Windows NT Servers that participate in Domain Security control +have a database that they share in common - thus they do NOT own an +independent full registry database of their own, as do Workstations and +plain Servers. +</para> + +<para> +The User database is called the SAM (Security Access Manager) database and +is used for all user authentication as well as for authentication of inter- +process authentication (i.e. to ensure that the service action a user has +requested is permitted within the limits of that user's privileges). +</para> + +<para> +The Samba team have produced a utility that can dump the Windows NT SAM into +smbpasswd format: see ENCRYPTION.txt for information on smbpasswd and +/pub/samba/pwdump on your nearest Samba mirror for the utility. This +facility is useful but cannot be easily used to implement SAM replication +to Samba systems. +</para> + +<para> +Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, and Windows NT Workstations and Servers +can participate in a Domain security system that is controlled by Windows NT +servers that have been correctly configured. Almost every domain will have +ONE Primary Domain Controller (PDC). It is desirable that each domain will +have at least one Backup Domain Controller (BDC). +</para> + +<para> +The PDC and BDCs then participate in replication of the SAM database so that +each Domain Controlling participant will have an up to date SAM component +within its registry. +</para> + +</sect1> + </chapter> |