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diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml b/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index a80981a1e9..0000000000 --- a/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,793 +0,0 @@ -<!doctype linuxdoc system> <!-- -*- SGML -*- --> -<!-- - v 0.5 18 Oct 1996 Dan Shearer Dan.Shearer@unisa.edu.au - First linuxdoc-sgml version, outline only - v 0.6 25 Oct 1996 Dan - Filled in from current text faq - v 0.7 1 June 1997 Paul - Replicated changes in txt faq to sgml faq - 9 June 1997 Paul - Lots of changes, added doco list, updated compatible systems list - added NT SP3 entry, added Year 2000 entry, Getting ready for 1.9.17 - v 0.8 7th Oct 97 Paul - changed samba.canberra entries to samba.anu.../samba/ ---> - -<article> - -<title> Samba FAQ - -<author>Paul Blackman, <tt>ictinus@samba.org</tt> -<author>Jelmer Vernooij, <tt>jelmer@samba.org</tt> - -<date>v 1.0, August 2002 - -<abstract> This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for -Samba, the free and very popular SMB server product. An SMB server -allows file and printer connections from clients such as Windows, -OS/2, Linux and others. Current to version 3.0. Please send any -corrections to the author. -</abstract> - -<toc> - -<sect> General Information<p> <label id="general_info"> - -All about Samba - what it is, how to get it, related sources of -information, how to understand the version numbering scheme, pizza -details - -<sect1> What is Samba? <p> <label id="introduction"> -Samba is a suite of programs which work together to allow clients to -access to a server's filespace and printers via the SMB (Server -Message Block) protocol. Initially written for Unix, Samba now also -runs on Netware, OS/2 and VMS. - -In practice, this means that you can redirect disks and printers to -Unix disks and printers from Lan Manager clients, Windows for -Workgroups 3.11 clients, Windows NT clients, Linux clients and OS/2 -clients. There is also a generic Unix client program supplied as part -of the suite which allows Unix users to use an ftp-like interface to -access filespace and printers on any other SMB servers. This gives the -capability for these operating systems to behave much like a LAN -Server or Windows NT Server machine, only with added functionality and -flexibility designed to make life easier for administrators. - -The components of the suite are (in summary): - -<itemize> -<item><bf>smbd</bf>, the SMB server. This handles actual connections from clients, doing all the file, permission and username work -<item><bf>nmbd</bf>, the Netbios name server, which helps clients locate servers, doing the browsing work and managing domains as this capability is being built into Samba -<item><bf>smbclient</bf>, the Unix-hosted client program -<item><bf>smbrun</bf>, a little 'glue' program to help the server run external programs -<item><bf>testprns</bf>, a program to test server access to printers -<item><bf>testparms</bf>, a program to test the Samba configuration file for correctness -<item><bf>smb.conf</bf>, the Samba configuration file -<item><bf>smbprint</bf>, a sample script to allow a Unix host to use smbclient to print to an SMB server -<item><bf>Documentation!</bf> DON'T neglect to read it - you will save a great deal of time! -</itemize> - -The suite is supplied with full source (of course!) and is GPLed. - -The primary creator of the Samba suite is Andrew Tridgell. Later -versions incorporate much effort by many net.helpers. The man pages -and this FAQ were originally written by Karl Auer. - -<sect1> What is the current version of Samba? <p><label id="current_version"> -At time of writing, the current version was 1.9.17. If you want to be -sure check the bottom of the change-log file. <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/change-log"> - -For more information see <ref id="version_nums" name="What do the -version numbers mean?"> - -<sect1> Where can I get it? <p> <label id="where"> -The Samba suite is available via anonymous ftp from -samba.org. The latest and greatest versions of the suite are in -the directory: - -/pub/samba/ - -Development (read "alpha") versions, which are NOT necessarily stable -and which do NOT necessarily have accurate documentation, are -available in the directory: - -/pub/samba/alpha - -Note that binaries are NOT included in any of the above. Samba is -distributed ONLY in source form, though binaries may be available from -other sites. Recent versions of some Linux distributions, for example, -do contain Samba binaries for that platform. - -<sect1> What do the version numbers mean? <p> <label id="version_nums"> -It is not recommended that you run a version of Samba with the word -"alpha" in its name unless you know what you are doing and are willing -to do some debugging. Many, many people just get the latest -recommended stable release version and are happy. If you are brave, by -all means take the plunge and help with the testing and development - -but don't install it on your departmental server. Samba is typically -very stable and safe, and this is mostly due to the policy of many -public releases. - -How the scheme works: -<enum> -<item>When major changes are made the version number is increased. For -example, the transition from 1.9.15 to 1.9.16. However, this version -number will not appear immediately and people should continue to use -1.9.15 for production systems (see next point.) - -<item>Just after major changes are made the software is considered -unstable, and a series of alpha releases are distributed, for example -1.9.16alpha1. These are for testing by those who know what they are -doing. The "alpha" in the filename will hopefully scare off those who -are just looking for the latest version to install. - -<item>When Andrew thinks that the alphas have stabilised to the point -where he would recommend new users install it, he renames it to the -same version number without the alpha, for example 1.9.16. - -<item>Inevitably bugs are found in the "stable" releases and minor patch -levels are released which give us the pXX series, for example 1.9.16p2. -</enum> -So the progression goes: -<verb> - 1.9.15p7 (production) - 1.9.15p8 (production) - 1.9.16alpha1 (test sites only) - : - 1.9.16alpha20 (test sites only) - 1.9.16 (production) - 1.9.16p1 (production) -</verb> -The above system means that whenever someone looks at the samba ftp -site they will be able to grab the highest numbered release without an -alpha in the name and be sure of getting the current recommended -version. - -<sect1> What platforms are supported? <p> <label id="platforms"> -Many different platforms have run Samba successfully. The platforms -most widely used and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS. - -At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for: -<itemize> -<item> A/UX 3.0 -<item> AIX -<item> Altos Series 386/1000 -<item> Amiga -<item> Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3 -<item> BSDI -<item> B.O.S. (Bull Operating System) -<item> Cray, Unicos 8.0 -<item> Convex -<item> DGUX. -<item> DNIX. -<item> FreeBSD -<item> HP-UX -<item> Intergraph. -<item> Linux with/without shadow passwords and quota -<item> LYNX 2.3.0 -<item> MachTen (a unix like system for Macintoshes) -<item> Motorola 88xxx/9xx range of machines -<item> NetBSD -<item> NEXTSTEP Release 2.X, 3.0 and greater (including OPENSTEP for Mach). -<item> OS/2 using EMX 0.9b -<item> OSF1 -<item> QNX 4.22 -<item> RiscIX. -<item> RISCOs 5.0B -<item> SEQUENT. -<item> SCO (including: 3.2v2, European dist., OpenServer 5) -<item> SGI. -<item> SMP_DC.OSx v1.1-94c079 on Pyramid S series -<item> SONY NEWS, NEWS-OS (4.2.x and 6.1.x) -<item> SUNOS 4 -<item> SUNOS 5.2, 5.3, and 5.4 (Solaris 2.2, 2.3, and '2.4 and later') -<item> Sunsoft ISC SVR3V4 -<item> SVR4 -<item> System V with some berkely extensions (Motorola 88k R32V3.2). -<item> ULTRIX. -<item> UNIXWARE -<item> UXP/DS -</itemize> - -<sect1> How can I find out more about Samba? <p> <label id="more"> -There are a number of places to look for more information on Samba, including: -<itemize> -<item>Two mailing lists devoted to discussion of Samba-related matters. -<item>The newsgroup, comp.protocols.smb, which has a great deal of discussion on Samba. -<item>The WWW site 'SAMBA Web Pages' at <url url="http://samba.edu.au/samba/"> includes: - <itemize> - <item>Links to man pages and documentation, including this FAQ - <item>A comprehensive survey of Samba users. - <item>A searchable hypertext archive of the Samba mailing list. - <item>Links to Samba source code, binaries, and mirrors of both. - </itemize> -<item>The long list of topic documentation. These files can be found in the 'docs' directory of the Samba source, or at <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/"> - <itemize> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Application_Serving.txt" name="Application_Serving.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/BROWSING.txt" name="BROWSING.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/BUGS.txt" name="BUGS.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/DIAGNOSIS.txt" name="DIAGNOSIS.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/DNIX.txt" name="DNIX.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/DOMAIN.txt" name="DOMAIN.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt" name="CONTROL.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/ENCRYPTION.txt" name="ENCRYPTION.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Faxing.txt" name="Faxing.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/GOTCHAS.txt" name="GOTCHAS.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/HINTS.txt" name="HINTS.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/INSTALL.sambatar" name="INSTALL.sambatar"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/INSTALL.txt" name="INSTALL.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/MIRRORS" name="MIRRORS"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/NetBIOS.txt" name="NetBIOS.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/OS2.txt" name="OS2.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/PROJECTS" name="PROJECTS"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Passwords.txt" name="Passwords.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Printing.txt" name="Printing.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/README.DCEDFS" name="README.DCEDFS"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/README.OS2" name="README.OS2"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/README.jis" name="README.jis"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/README.sambatar" name="README.sambatar"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/SCO.txt" name="SCO.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/SMBTAR.notes" name="SMBTAR.notes"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Speed.txt" name="Speed.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Support.txt" name="Support.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/THANKS" name="THANKS"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Tracing.txt" name="Tracing.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/UNIX-SMB.txt" name="SMB.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/Warp.txt" name="Warp.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/WinNT.txt" name="WinNT.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/history" name="history"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/security_level.txt" name="level.txt"> - <item><url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/wfw_slip.htm" name="slip.htm"> - </itemize> -</itemize> - -<sect1>How do I subscribe to the Samba Mailing Lists?<p><label id="mailinglist"> -Send email to <htmlurl url="mailto:listproc@samba.org" name="listproc@samba.org">. Make sure the subject line is -blank, and include the following two lines in the body of the message: -<tscreen><verb> -subscribe samba Firstname Lastname -subscribe samba-announce Firstname Lastname -</verb></tscreen> -Obviously you should substitute YOUR first name for "Firstname" and -YOUR last name for "Lastname"! Try not to send any signature stuff, it -sometimes confuses the list processor. - -The samba list is a digest list - every eight hours or so it -regurgitates a single message containing all the messages that have -been received by the list since the last time and sends a copy of this -message to all subscribers. - -If you stop being interested in Samba, please send another email to -<htmlurl url="mailto:listproc@samba.org" name="listproc@samba.org">. Make sure the subject line is blank, and -include the following two lines in the body of the message: -<tscreen><verb> -unsubscribe samba -unsubscribe samba-announce -</verb></tscreen> -The <bf>From:</bf> line in your message <em>MUST</em> be the same address you used when -you subscribed. - -<sect1> Something's gone wrong - what should I do? <p> <label id="wrong"> -<bf>[#] *** IMPORTANT! *** [#]</bf> -<p>DO NOT post messages on mailing lists or in newsgroups until you have -carried out the first three steps given here! - -Firstly, see if there are any likely looking entries in this FAQ! If -you have just installed Samba, have you run through the checklist in -<url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/DIAGNOSIS.txt" name="DIAGNOSIS.txt">? It can save you a lot of time and effort. -DIAGNOSIS.txt can also be found in the docs directory of the Samba distribution. - -Secondly, read the man pages for smbd, nmbd and smb.conf, looking for -topics that relate to what you are trying to do. - -Thirdly, if there is no obvious solution to hand, try to get a look at -the log files for smbd and/or nmbd for the period during which you -were having problems. You may need to reconfigure the servers to -provide more extensive debugging information - usually level 2 or -level 3 provide ample debugging info. Inspect these logs closely, -looking particularly for the string "Error:". - -Fourthly, if you still haven't got anywhere, ask the mailing list or -newsgroup. In general nobody minds answering questions provided you -have followed the preceding steps. It might be a good idea to scan the -archives of the mailing list, which are available through the Samba -web site described in the previous -section. - -If you successfully solve a problem, please mail the FAQ maintainer a -succinct description of the symptom, the problem and the solution, so -I can incorporate it in the next version. - -If you make changes to the source code, _please_ submit these patches -so that everyone else gets the benefit of your work. This is one of -the most important aspects to the maintainence of Samba. Send all -patches to <htmlurl url="mailto:samba-patches@samba.org" name="samba-patches@samba.org">. Do not send patches to Andrew Tridgell or any -other individual, they may be lost if you do. - -<sect1> Pizza supply details <p> <label id="pizza"> -Those who have registered in the Samba survey as "Pizza Factory" will -already know this, but the rest may need some help. Andrew doesn't ask -for payment, but he does appreciate it when people give him -pizza. This calls for a little organisation when the pizza donor is -twenty thousand kilometres away, but it has been done. - -Method 1: Ring up your local branch of an international pizza chain -and see if they honour their vouchers internationally. Pizza Hut do, -which is how the entire Canberra Linux Users Group got to eat pizza -one night, courtesy of someone in the US - -Method 2: Ring up a local pizza shop in Canberra and quote a credit -card number for a certain amount, and tell them that Andrew will be -collecting it (don't forget to tell him.) One kind soul from Germany -did this. - -Method 3: Purchase a pizza voucher from your local pizza shop that has -no international affiliations and send it to Andrew. It is completely -useless but he can hang it on the wall next to the one he already has -from Germany :-) - -Method 4: Air freight him a pizza with your favourite regional -flavours. It will probably get stuck in customs or torn apart by -hungry sniffer dogs but it will have been a noble gesture. - -<sect>Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host<p><label id="unix_install"> - -<sect1>I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!<p><label id="no_browse"> - See <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt" name="BROWSING.txt"> - for more information on browsing. Browsing.txt can also be found - in the docs directory of the Samba source. - -If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable -servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under -Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M: -thusly: -<tscreen><verb> - net use M: \\mary\fred -</verb></tscreen> -The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from -client to client - check your client's documentation. - -<sect1>Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I view the files from my client! <p> <label id="missing_files"> -See the next question. -<sect1>Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when I view the files from my client! <p> <label id="strange_filenames"> -If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they -are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not -DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason). - -The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files -completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you -are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been -configured to ignore them. Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for -details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is -"mangled names = yes". - -<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar<p><label id="cant_see_server"> -This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server -name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the -name you specified cannot be resolved. - -After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you -should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting -to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it -is, the problem is most likely name resolution. - -If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the -hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Lan Manager -or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file -LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between -your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then -there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution -is beyond the scope of this document. - -If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name -resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a -netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program), -the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section -Two of this FAQ for more ideas. - -By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further -tests :-) - -<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or similar<p> <label id="cant_see_share"> -This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified -server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of -the name you gave. - -The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are -trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it -exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's docs on how -to specify a service name correctly), read on: - -<itemize> -<item> Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than eight characters. -<item> Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing spaces. -<item> Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service names. -<item> Some clients force service names into upper case. -</itemize> - -<sect1>My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log on to the network" or similar <p> <label id="cant_see_net"> -Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name -controller stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the -whole concept of a primary domain controller and "logging in to a -network" doesn't fit well with clients possibly running on multiuser -machines (such as users of smbclient under Unix). Having said that, -several developers are working hard on building it in to the next -major version of Samba. If you can contribute, send a message to -<htmlurl url="mailto:samba@samba.org" name="samba@samba.org"> ! - -Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected -disks and printers, which is really what all this is about. - -For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager), -setting the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message. - -<sect1>Printing doesn't work :-(<p> <label id="no_printing"> -Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are -connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg., -use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr"). - -Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is -writable by the user connected to the service. In particular the user -"nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked with an -earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other than -"nobody". - -Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use -the printer. - -Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and -see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with -a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client -attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1 -protocol. - -If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not -Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug. - -If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to -coreplus. Also not that print status error messages don't mean -printing won't work. The print status is received by a different -mechanism. - -<sect1>My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly<p><label id="programs_wont_run"> -There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR -possibility is that your software uses locking. Make sure you are -using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It may also be possible to work around -the problem by setting "locking=no" in the Samba configuration file -for the service the software is installed on. This should be regarded -as a strictly temporary solution. - -In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very -latest Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows -6. These should have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew -Tridgell know via email at <htmlurl url="mailto:samba@samba.org" name="samba@samba.org">. - -<sect1>My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised<p><label id="bad_server_string"> -OR My client reports the default setting, eg. "Samba 1.9.15p4", instead -of what I have changed it to in the smb.conf file. - -You need to use the -C option in nmbd. The "server string" affects -what smbd puts out and -C affects what nmbd puts out. - -Current versions of Samba (1.9.16 +) have combined these options into -the "server string" field of smb.conf, -C for nmbd is now obsolete. - -<sect1>My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared resources" <p> <label id="cant_list_shares"> -Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the -guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is -valid. - -See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page. - -<sect1>Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" <p><label id="trapdoor_uid"> -This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid -or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security -hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no -user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many -broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535. - -It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-) - -This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to -another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on -being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back -again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid -system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less -things will break if you use user or server level security instead of -the default share level security, but you may still strike -problems. - -The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic, -but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable. -In particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as -two different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a -"guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect -your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as -the guest user. - -Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system. - -Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that -it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with -no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run -as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good! - -<sect>Common client questions<p> <label id="client_questions"> - -<sect1>Are there any Macintosh clients for Samba?<p> <label id="mac_clients"> -Yes! Thursby now have a CIFS Client / Server called DAVE - see <url url="http://www.thursby.com/">. -They test it against Windows 95, Windows NT and samba for compatibility issues. -At the time of writing, DAVE was at version 1.0.1. The 1.0.0 to 1.0.1 update is available -as a free download from the Thursby web site (the speed of finder copies has -been greatly enhanced, and there are bug-fixes included). - -Alternatives - There are two free implementations of AppleTalk for -several kinds of UNIX machnes, and several more commercial ones. -These products allow you to run file services and print services -natively to Macintosh users, with no additional support required on -the Macintosh. The two free omplementations are Netatalk, -<url url="http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/">, and CAP, -<url url="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/appletalk/atalk.html">. What Samba offers -MS Windows users, these packages offer to Macs. For more info on -these packages, Samba, and Linux (and other UNIX-based systems) -see <url url="http://www.eats.com/linux_mac_win.html"> - -<sect1>"Session request failed (131,130)" error<p> <label id="sess_req_fail"> -The following answer is provided by John E. Miller: - -I'll assume that you're able to ping back and forth between the -machines by IP address and name, and that you're using some security -model where you're confident that you've got user IDs and passwords -right. The logging options (-d3 or greater) can help a lot with that. -DNS and WINS configuration can also impact connectivity as well. - -Now, on to 'scope id's. Somewhere in your Win95 TCP/IP network -configuration (I'm too much of an NT bigot to know where it's located -in the Win95 setup, but I'll have to learn someday since I teach for a -Microsoft Solution Provider Authorized Tech Education Center - what an -acronym...) [Note: It's under Control Panel | Network | TCP/IP | WINS -Configuration] there's a little text entry field called something like -'Scope ID'. - -This field essentially creates 'invisible' sub-workgroups on the same -wire. Boxes can only see other boxes whose Scope IDs are set to the -exact same value - it's sometimes used by OEMs to configure their -boxes to browse only other boxes from the same vendor and, in most -environments, this field should be left blank. If you, in fact, have -something in this box that EXACT value (case-sensitive!) needs to be -provided to smbclient and nmbd as the -i (lowercase) parameter. So, if -your Scope ID is configured as the string 'SomeStr' in Win95 then -you'd have to use smbclient -iSomeStr [otherparms] in connecting to -it. - -<sect1>How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server? <p><label id="synchronise_clock"> -To syncronize your PC's clock with your Samba server: -<itemize> -<item> Copy timesync.pif to your windows directory - <item> timesync.pif can be found at: - <url -url="http://samba.org/samba/binaries/miscellaneous/timesync.pif"> -<item> Add timesync.pif to your 'Start Up' group/folder -<item> Open the properties dialog box for the program/icon -<item> Make sure the 'Run Minimized' option is set in program 'Properties' -<iteM> Change the command line section that reads [\\sambahost] to reflect the name of your server. -<item> Close the properties dialog box by choosing 'OK' -</itemize> -Each time you start your computer (or login for Win95) your PC will -synchronize its clock with your Samba server. - -Alternativley, if you clients support Domain Logons, you can setup Domain Logons with Samba - - see: <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/BROWSING.txt" name="BROWSING.txt"> *** for more information. -<p>Then add -<tscreen><verb> -NET TIME \\%L /SET /YES -</verb></tscreen> -as one of the lines in the logon script. -<sect1>Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc<p> -<label id="multiple_session_clients"> - -All of the above programs are applications that sit on an NT box and -allow multiple users to access the NT GUI applications from remote -workstations (often over X). - -What has this got to do with Samba? The problem comes when these users -use filemanager to mount shares from a Samba server. The most common -symptom is that the first user to connect get correct file permissions -and has a nice day, but subsequent connections get logged in as the -same user as the first person to login. They find that they cannot -access files in their own home directory, but that they can access -files in the first users home directory (maybe not such a nice day -after all?) - -Why does this happen? The above products all share a common heritage -(and code base I believe). They all open just a single TCP based SMB -connection to the Samba server, and requests from all users are piped -over this connection. This is unfortunate, but not fatal. - -It means that if you run your Samba server in share level security -(the default) then things will definately break as described -above. The share level SMB security model has no provision for -multiple user IDs on the one SMB connection. See <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/security_level.txt" name="security_level.txt"> in -the docs for more info on share/user/server level security. - -If you run in user or server level security then you have a chance, -but only if you have a recent version of Samba (at least 1.9.15p6). In -older versions bugs in Samba meant you still would have had problems. - -If you have a trapdoor uid system in your OS then it will never work -properly. Samba needs to be able to switch uids on the connection and -it can't if your OS has a trapdoor uid system. You'll know this -because Samba will note it in your logs. - -Also note that you should not use the magic "homes" share name with -products like these, as otherwise all users will end up with the same -home directory. Use [\\server\username] instead. - -<sect1>Problem with printers under NT<p> <label id="nt_printers"> -This info from Stefan Hergeth -hergeth@f7axp1.informatik.fh-muenchen.de may be useful: - - A network-printer (with ethernetcard) is connected to the NT-Clients -via our UNIX-Fileserver (SAMBA-Server), like the configuration told by - Matthew Harrell harrell@leech.nrl.navy.mil (see WinNT.txt) -<enum> -<item>If a user has choosen this printer as the default printer in his - NT-Session and this printer is not connected to the network - (e.g. switched off) than this user has a problem with the SAMBA- - connection of his filesystems. It's very slow. - -<item>If the printer is connected to the network everything works fine. - -<item>When the smbd ist started with debug level 3, you can see that the - NT spooling system try to connect to the printer many times. If the - printer ist not connected to the network this request fails and the - NT spooler is wasting a lot of time to connect to the printer service. - This seems to be the reason for the slow network connection. - -<item>Maybe it's possible to change this behaviour by setting different - printer properties in the Print-Manager-Menu of NT, but i didn't try it yet. -</enum> - -<sect1>Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few hours?<p><label id="dst_bugs"> -This is from Paul Eggert eggert@twinsun.com. - -Most likely it's a problem with your time zone settings. - -Internally, Samba maintains time in traditional Unix format, -namely, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Universal Time -(or ``GMT''), not counting leap seconds. - -On the server side, Samba uses the Unix TZ variable to convert -internal timestamps to and from local time. So on the server side, there are -two things to get right. -<enum> -<item>The Unix system clock must have the correct Universal time. - Use the shell command "sh -c 'TZ=UTC0 date'" to check this. - -<item>The TZ environment variable must be set on the server - before Samba is invoked. The details of this depend on the - server OS, but typically you must edit a file whose name is - /etc/TIMEZONE or /etc/default/init, or run the command `zic -l'. - -<item>TZ must have the correct value. -<enum> - <item>If possible, use geographical time zone settings - (e.g. TZ='America/Los_Angeles' or perhaps - TZ=':US/Pacific'). These are supported by most - popular Unix OSes, are easier to get right, and are - more accurate for historical timestamps. If your - operating system has out-of-date tables, you should be - able to update them from the public domain time zone - tables at <url url="ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/">. - - <item>If your system does not support geographical timezone - settings, you must use a Posix-style TZ strings, e.g. - TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/2,M10.5.0/2' for US Pacific time. - Posix TZ strings can take the following form (with optional - items in brackets): -<verb> - StdOffset[Dst[Offset],Date/Time,Date/Time] -</verb> - where: -<itemize> -<item> `Std' is the standard time designation (e.g. `PST'). - -<item> `Offset' is the number of hours behind UTC (e.g. `8'). - Prepend a `-' if you are ahead of UTC, and - append `:30' if you are at a half-hour offset. - Omit all the remaining items if you do not use - daylight-saving time. - -<item> `Dst' is the daylight-saving time designation - (e.g. `PDT'). - - The optional second `Offset' is the number of - hours that daylight-saving time is behind UTC. - The default is 1 hour ahead of standard time. - -<item> `Date/Time,Date/Time' specify when daylight-saving - time starts and ends. The format for a date is - `Mm.n.d', which specifies the dth day (0 is Sunday) - of the nth week of the mth month, where week 5 means - the last such day in the month. The format for a - time is [h]h[:mm[:ss]], using a 24-hour clock. -</itemize> - Other Posix string formats are allowed but you don't want - to know about them. -</enum> -</enum> -On the client side, you must make sure that your client's clock and -time zone is also set appropriately. [[I don't know how to do this.]] -Samba traditionally has had many problems dealing with time zones, due -to the bizarre ways that Microsoft network protocols handle time -zones. A common symptom is for file timestamps to be off by an hour. -To work around the problem, try disconnecting from your Samba server -and then reconnecting to it; or upgrade your Samba server to -1.9.16alpha10 or later. - -<sect1> How do I set the printer driver name correctly? <p><label id="printer_driver_name"> -Question: - On NT, I opened "Printer Manager" and "Connect to Printer". - Enter ["\\ptdi270\ps1"] in the box of printer. I got the - following error message: -<tscreen><verb> - You do not have sufficient access to your machine - to connect to the selected printer, since a driver - needs to be installed locally. -</verb></tscreen> -Answer: - -In the more recent versions of Samba you can now set the "printer -driver" in smb.conf. This tells the client what driver to use. For -example: -<tscreen><verb> - printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L -</verb></tscreen> -with this, NT knows to use the right driver. You have to get this string -exactly right. - -To find the exact string to use, you need to get to the dialog box in -your client where you select which printer driver to install. The -correct strings for all the different printers are shown in a listbox -in that dialog box. - -You could also try setting the driver to NULL like this: -<tscreen><verb> - printer driver = NULL -</verb></tscreen> -this is effectively what older versions of Samba did, so if that -worked for you then give it a go. If this does work then let us know via <htmlurl url="mailto:samba@samba.org" name="samba@samba.org">, -and we'll make it the default. Currently the default is a 0 length -string. - -<sect1>I've applied NT 4.0 SP3, and now I can't access Samba shares, Why?<p><label id="NT_SP3_FIX"> -As of SP3, Microsoft has decided that they will no longer default to -passing clear text passwords over the network. To enable access to -Samba shares from NT 4.0 SP3, you must do <bf>ONE</bf> of two things: -<enum> -<item> Set the Samba configuration option 'security = user' and implement all of the stuff detailed in <url url="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/docs/ENCRYPTION.txt" name="ENCRYPTION.txt">. -<item> Follow Microsoft's directions for setting your NT box to allow plain text passwords. see <url url="http://www.microsoft.com/kb/articles/q166/7/30.htm" name="Knowledge Base Article Q166730"> -</enum> - -<sect>Specific client application problems<p> <label id="client_problems"> - -<sect1>MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of '\MSOFFICE\SETUP.INI'"<p> <label id="cant_change_properties"> -When installing MS Office on a Samba drive for which you have admin -user permissions, ie. admin users = username, you will find the -setup program unable to complete the installation. - -To get around this problem, do the installation without admin user -permissions The problem is that MS Office Setup checks that a file is -rdonly by trying to open it for writing. - -Admin users can always open a file for writing, as they run as root. -You just have to install as a non-admin user and then use "chown -R" -to fix the owner. - -<sect>Miscellaneous<p> <label id="miscellaneous"> -<sect1>Is Samba Year 2000 compliant?<p><label id="Year2000Compliant"> -The CIFS protocol that Samba implements -negotiates times in various formats, all of which -are able to cope with dates beyond 2000. - -</article> |