summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/faq
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/faq')
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq-1.html288
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq-2.html232
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq-3.html275
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq-4.html37
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq-5.html22
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq.html107
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml806
-rw-r--r--docs/faq/sambafaq.txt780
8 files changed, 2547 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq-1.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq-1.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8bee1a37da
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq-1.html
@@ -0,0 +1,288 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ: General Information</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+Previous
+<A HREF="sambafaq-2.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc1">Table of Contents</A>
+<HR>
+<H2><A NAME="s1">1. General Information</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="general_info"></A>
+</P>
+<P>All about Samba - what it is, how to get it, related sources of
+information, how to understand the version numbering scheme, pizza
+details</P>
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.1">1.1 What is Samba? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="introduction"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Samba is a suite of programs which work together to allow clients to
+access to a server's filespace and printers via the SMB (Server
+Message Block) protocol. Initially written for Unix, Samba now also
+runs on Netware, OS/2 and VMS.</P>
+<P>In practice, this means that you can redirect disks and printers to
+Unix disks and printers from Lan Manager clients, Windows for
+Workgroups 3.11 clients, Windows NT clients, Linux clients and OS/2
+clients. There is also a generic Unix client program supplied as part
+of the suite which allows Unix users to use an ftp-like interface to
+access filespace and printers on any other SMB servers. This gives the
+capability for these operating systems to behave much like a LAN
+Server or Windows NT Server machine, only with added functionality and
+flexibility designed to make life easier for administrators.</P>
+<P>The components of the suite are (in summary):</P>
+<P>
+<UL>
+<LI> smbd, the SMB server. This handles actual connections from
+clients, doing all the file, permission and username work
+</LI>
+<LI>nmbd, the Netbios name server, which helps clients locate
+servers, doing the browsing work and managing domains as this
+capability is being built into Samba
+</LI>
+<LI>smbclient, the Unix-hosted client program
+</LI>
+<LI>smbrun, a little 'glue' program to help the server run external
+programs
+</LI>
+<LI>testprns, a program to test server access to printers
+</LI>
+<LI>testparms, a program to test the Samba configuration file for
+correctness
+</LI>
+<LI>smb.conf, the Samba configuration file
+</LI>
+<LI> smbprint, a sample script to allow a Unix host to use smbclient
+to print to an SMB server
+</LI>
+<LI> documentation! DON'T neglect to read it - you will save a great
+deal of time!
+</LI>
+</UL>
+</P>
+<P>The suite is supplied with full source (of course!) and is GPLed.</P>
+<P>The primary creator of the Samba suite is Andrew Tridgell. Later
+versions incorporate much effort by many net.helpers. The man pages
+and this FAQ were originally written by Karl Auer.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.2">1.2 What is the current version of Samba? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="current_version"></A>
+</P>
+<P>At time of writing, the current version was 1.9.16. If you want to be
+sure check the bottom of the change-log file.
+<A HREF="ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/alpha/change-log">ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/alpha/change-log</A></P>
+<P>For more information see
+<A HREF="#version_nums">What do the version numbers mean?</A></P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.3">1.3 Where can I get it? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="where"></A>
+</P>
+<P>The Samba suite is available via anonymous ftp from
+samba.anu.edu.au. The latest and greatest versions of the suite are in
+the directory:</P>
+<P>/pub/samba/</P>
+<P>Development (read "alpha") versions, which are NOT necessarily stable
+and which do NOT necessarily have accurate documentation, are
+available in the directory:</P>
+<P>/pub/samba/alpha</P>
+<P>Note that binaries are NOT included in any of the above. Samba is
+distributed ONLY in source form, though binaries may be available from
+other sites. Recent versions of some Linux distributions, for example,
+do contain Samba binaries for that platform.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.4">1.4 What do the version numbers mean? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="version_nums"></A>
+</P>
+<P>It is not recommended that you run a version of Samba with the word
+"alpha" in its name unless you know what you are doing and are willing
+to do some debugging. Many, many people just get the latest
+recommended stable release version and are happy. If you are brave, by
+all means take the plunge and help with the testing and development -
+but don't install it on your departmental server. Samba is typically
+very stable and safe, and this is mostly due to the policy of many
+public releases.</P>
+<P>How the scheme works:</P>
+<P>1) when major changes are made the version number is increased. For
+example, the transition from 1.9.15 to 1.9.16. However, this version
+number will not appear immediately and people should continue to use
+1.9.15 for production systems (see next point.)</P>
+<P>2) just after major changes are made the software is considered
+unstable, and a series of alpha releases are distributed, for example
+1.9.16alpha1. These are for testing by those who know what they are
+doing. The "alpha" in the filename will hopefully scare off those who
+are just looking for the latest version to install.</P>
+<P>3) when Andrew thinks that the alphas have stabilised to the point
+where he would recommend new users install it, he renames it to the
+same version number without the alpha, for example 1.9.16.</P>
+<P>4) inevitably bugs are found in the "stable" releases and minor patch
+levels are released which give us the pXX series, for example
+1.9.16p2.</P>
+<P>So the progression goes:</P>
+<P>1.9.15p7 (production)
+1.9.15p8 (production)
+1.9.16alpha1 (test sites only)
+:
+1.9.16alpha20 (test sites only)
+1.9.16 (production)
+1.9.16p1 (production)</P>
+<P>The above system means that whenever someone looks at the samba ftp
+site they will be able to grab the highest numbered release without an
+alpha in the name and be sure of getting the current recommended
+version.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.5">1.5 What platforms are supported? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="platforms"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Many different platforms have run Samba successfully. The platforms
+most widely used and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.</P>
+<P>At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for:</P>
+<P>* SunOS
+* Linux with shadow passwords
+* Linux without shadow passwords
+* SOLARIS
+* SOLARIS 2.2 and above (aka SunOS 5)
+* SVR4
+* ULTRIX
+* OSF1 (alpha only)
+* OSF1 with NIS and Fast Crypt (alpha only)
+* OSF1 V2.0 Enhanced Security (alpha only)
+* AIX
+* BSDI
+* NetBSD
+* NetBSD 1.0
+* SEQUENT
+* HP-UX
+* SGI
+* SGI IRIX 4.x.x
+* SGI IRIX 5.x.x
+* FreeBSD
+* NeXT 3.2 and above
+* NeXT OS 2.x
+* NeXT OS 3.0
+* ISC SVR3V4 (POSIX mode)
+* ISC SVR3V4 (iBCS2 mode)
+* A/UX 3.0
+* SCO with shadow passwords.
+* SCO with shadow passwords, without YP.
+* SCO with TCB passwords
+* SCO 3.2v2 (ODT 1.1) with TCP passwords
+* intergraph
+* DGUX
+* Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3 (BSD4.3)</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.6">1.6 How can I find out more about Samba? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="more"></A>
+</P>
+<P>There are two mailing lists devoted to discussion of Samba-related
+matters. There is also the newsgroup, comp.protocols.smb, which has a
+great deal of discussion on Samba. There is also a WWW site 'SAMBA Web
+Pages' at http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/samba.html, under
+which there is a comprehensive survey of Samba users. Another useful
+resource is the hypertext archive of the Samba mailing list.</P>
+<P>Send email to listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is
+blank, and include the following two lines in the body of the message:</P>
+<P>subscribe samba Firstname Lastname
+subscribe samba-announce Firstname Lastname</P>
+<P>Obviously you should substitute YOUR first name for "Firstname" and
+YOUR last name for "Lastname"! Try not to send any signature stuff, it
+sometimes confuses the list processor.</P>
+<P>The samba list is a digest list - every eight hours or so it
+regurgitates a single message containing all the messages that have
+been received by the list since the last time and sends a copy of this
+message to all subscribers.</P>
+<P>If you stop being interested in Samba, please send another email to
+listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is blank, and
+include the following two lines in the body of the message:</P>
+<P>unsubscribe samba
+unsubscribe samba-announce</P>
+<P>The From: line in your message MUST be the same address you used when
+you subscribed.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.7">1.7 Something's gone wrong - what should I do? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="wrong"></A>
+</P>
+<P><F>#</F> *** IMPORTANT! *** <F>#</F>
+DO NOT post messages on mailing lists or in newsgroups until you have
+carried out the first three steps given here!</P>
+<P>Firstly, see if there are any likely looking entries in this FAQ! If
+you have just installed Samba, have you run through the checklist in
+DIAGNOSIS.txt? It can save you a lot of time and effort.</P>
+<P>Secondly, read the man pages for smbd, nmbd and smb.conf, looking for
+topics that relate to what you are trying to do.</P>
+<P>Thirdly, if there is no obvious solution to hand, try to get a look at
+the log files for smbd and/or nmbd for the period during which you
+were having problems. You may need to reconfigure the servers to
+provide more extensive debugging information - usually level 2 or
+level 3 provide ample debugging info. Inspect these logs closely,
+looking particularly for the string "Error:".</P>
+<P>Fourthly, if you still haven't got anywhere, ask the mailing list or
+newsgroup. In general nobody minds answering questions provided you
+have followed the preceding steps. It might be a good idea to scan the
+archives of the mailing list, which are available through the Samba
+web site described in the previous
+section.</P>
+<P>If you successfully solve a problem, please mail the FAQ maintainer a
+succinct description of the symptom, the problem and the solution, so
+I can incorporate it in the next version.</P>
+<P>If you make changes to the source code, _please_ submit these patches
+so that everyone else gets the benefit of your work. This is one of
+the most important aspects to the maintainence of Samba. Send all
+patches to samba-bugs@samba.anu.edu.au, not Andrew Tridgell or any
+other individual and not the samba team mailing list.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss1.8">1.8 Pizza supply details </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="pizza"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Those who have registered in the Samba survey as "Pizza Factory" will
+already know this, but the rest may need some help. Andrew doesn't ask
+for payment, but he does appreciate it when people give him
+pizza. This calls for a little organisation when the pizza donor is
+twenty thousand kilometres away, but it has been done.</P>
+<P>Method 1: Ring up your local branch of an international pizza chain
+and see if they honour their vouchers internationally. Pizza Hut do,
+which is how the entire Canberra Linux Users Group got to eat pizza
+one night, courtesy of someone in the US</P>
+<P>Method 2: Ring up a local pizza shop in Canberra and quote a credit
+card number for a certain amount, and tell them that Andrew will be
+collecting it (don't forget to tell him.) One kind soul from Germany
+did this.</P>
+<P>Method 3: Purchase a pizza voucher from your local pizza shop that has
+no international affiliations and send it to Andrew. It is completely
+useless but he can hang it on the wall next to the one he already has
+from Germany :-)</P>
+<P>Method 4: Air freight him a pizza with your favourite regional
+flavours. It will probably get stuck in customs or torn apart by
+hungry sniffer dogs but it will have been a noble gesture.</P>
+
+
+<HR>
+Previous
+<A HREF="sambafaq-2.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc1">Table of Contents</A>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq-2.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq-2.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f8e6bc7e9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq-2.html
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ: Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-1.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-3.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc2">Table of Contents</A>
+<HR>
+<H2><A NAME="s2">2. Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="unix_install"></A>
+</P>
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.1">2.1 I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="no_browse"></A>
+</P>
+<P>*** Until the FAQ can be updated, please check the file:
+*** ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt
+*** for more information on browsing.</P>
+<P>If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable
+servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under
+Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M:
+thusly:</P>
+<P>net use M: \\mary\fred</P>
+<P>The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from
+client to client - check your client's documentation.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.2">2.2 Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I</A>view the files from my client!</H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="missing_files"></A>
+</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.3">2.3 Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when</A>I view the files from my client!</H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="strange_filenames"></A>
+</P>
+<P>If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they
+are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not
+DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).</P>
+<P>The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files
+completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you
+are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been
+configured to ignore them. Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for
+details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is
+"mangled names = yes".</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.4">2.4 My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="cant_see_server"></A>
+</P>
+<P>This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server
+name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the
+name you specified cannot be resolved.</P>
+<P>After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you
+should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting
+to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it
+is, the problem is most likely name resolution.</P>
+<P>If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the
+hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Man Manager
+or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file
+LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between
+your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then
+there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution
+is beyond the scope of this document.</P>
+<P>If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name
+resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a
+netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program),
+the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section
+Two of this FAQ for more ideas.</P>
+<P>By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further
+tests :-) </P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.5">2.5 My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or</A>similar</H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="cant_see_share"></A>
+</P>
+<P>This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified
+server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of
+the name you gave.</P>
+<P>The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are
+trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it
+exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's doco on how
+to specify a service name correctly), read on:</P>
+<P>* Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than
+eight
+characters.
+* Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing
+spaces.
+* Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service
+names.
+* Some clients force service names into upper case.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.6">2.6 My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log</A>on to the network" or similar </H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="cant_see_net"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name
+controller stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the
+whole concept of a primary domain controller and "logging in to a
+network" doesn't fit well with clients possibly running on multiuser
+machines (such as users of smbclient under Unix). Having said that,
+several developers are working hard on building it in to the next
+major version of Samba. If you can contribute, send a message to
+samba-bugs!</P>
+<P>Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected
+disks and printers, which is really what all this is about.</P>
+<P>For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager),
+setting the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.7">2.7 Printing doesn't work :-(</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="no_printing"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are
+connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg.,
+use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr").</P>
+<P>Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is
+writable by the user connected to the service. In particular the user
+"nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked with an
+earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other than
+"nobody".</P>
+<P>Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use
+the printer.</P>
+<P>Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and
+see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with
+a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client
+attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1
+protocol.</P>
+<P>If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not
+Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug.</P>
+<P>If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to
+coreplus. Also not that print status error messages don't mean
+printing won't work. The print status is received by a different
+mechanism.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.8">2.8 My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="programs_wont_run"></A>
+</P>
+<P>There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR
+possibility is that your software uses locking. Make sure you are
+using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It may also be possible to work around
+the problem by setting "locking=no" in the Samba configuration file
+for the service the software is installed on. This should be regarded
+as a strictly temporary solution.</P>
+<P>In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very
+latest Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows
+6. These should have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew
+Tridgell know.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.9">2.9 My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="bad_server_string"></A>
+</P>
+<P>my client reports the default setting, eg. "Samba 1.9.15p4", instead
+of what I have changed it to in the smb.conf file.</P>
+<P>You need to use the -C option in nmbd. The "server string" affects
+what smbd puts out and -C affects what nmbd puts out. In a future
+version these will probably be combined and -C will be removed, but
+for now use -C</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.10">2.10 My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared</A>resources" </H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="cant_list_shares"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the
+guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is
+valid.</P>
+<P>See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss2.11">2.11 Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="trapdoor_uid"></A>
+</P>
+<P>This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid
+or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security
+hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no
+user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many
+broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535.</P>
+<P>It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-)</P>
+<P>This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to
+another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on
+being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back
+again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid
+system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less
+things will break if you use user or server level security instead of
+the default share level security, but you may still strike
+problems.</P>
+<P>The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic,
+but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable.
+In particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as
+two different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a
+"guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect
+your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as
+the guest user.</P>
+<P>Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system.</P>
+<P>Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that
+it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with
+no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run
+as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good!</P>
+
+
+<HR>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-1.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-3.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc2">Table of Contents</A>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq-3.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq-3.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01401017b9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq-3.html
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ: Common client questions</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-2.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-4.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc3">Table of Contents</A>
+<HR>
+<H2><A NAME="s3">3. Common client questions</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="client_questions"></A>
+</P>
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.1">3.1 Are any Macintosh clients for Samba</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="mac_clients"></A>
+</P>
+<P>In Rob Newberry's words (rob@eats.com, Sun, 4 Dec 1994):</P>
+<P>The answer is "No." Samba speaks SMB, the protocol used for Microsoft
+networks. The Macintosh has ALWAYS spoken Appletalk. Even with
+Microsoft "services for Macintosh", it has been a matter of making the
+server speak Appletalk. It is the same for Novell Netware and the
+Macintosh, although I believe Novell has (VERY LATE) released an
+extension for the Mac to let it speak IPX.</P>
+<P>In future Apple System Software, you may see support for other
+protocols, such as SMB -- Applet is working on a new networking
+architecture that will --> -- make it easier to support additional
+protocols. But it's not here yet.</P>
+<P>Now, the nice part is that if you want your Unix machine to speak
+Appletalk, there are several options. "Netatalk" and "CAP" are free,
+and available on the net. There are also several commercial options,
+such as "PacerShare" and "Helios" (I think). In any case, you'll have
+to look around for a server, not anything for the Mac.</P>
+<P>Depending on you OS, some of these may not help you. I am currently
+coordinating the effort to get CAP working with Native Ethertalk under
+Linux, but we're not done yet.</P>
+
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.2">3.2 "Session request failed (131,130)" error</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="sess_req_fail"></A>
+</P>
+<P>The following answer is provided by John E. Miller:</P>
+<P>I'll assume that you're able to ping back and forth between the
+machines by IP address and name, and that you're using some security
+model where you're confident that you've got user IDs and passwords
+right. The logging options (-d3 or greater) can help a lot with that.
+DNS and WINS configuration can also impact connectivity as well.</P>
+<P>Now, on to 'scope id's. Somewhere in your Win95 TCP/IP network
+configuration (I'm too much of an NT bigot to know where it's located
+in the Win95 setup, but I'll have to learn someday since I teach for a
+Microsoft Solution Provider Authorized Tech Education Center - what an
+acronym...) <F>Note: It's under Control Panel | Network | TCP/IP | WINS
+Configuration</F> there's a little text entry field called something like
+'Scope ID'.</P>
+<P>This field essentially creates 'invisible' sub-workgroups on the same
+wire. Boxes can only see other boxes whose Scope IDs are set to the
+exact same value - it's sometimes used by OEMs to configure their
+boxes to browse only other boxes from the same vendor and, in most
+environments, this field should be left blank. If you, in fact, have
+something in this box that EXACT value (case-sensitive!) needs to be
+provided to smbclient and nmbd as the -i (lowercase) parameter. So, if
+your Scope ID is configured as the string 'SomeStr' in Win95 then
+you'd have to use smbclient -iSomeStr <F>otherparms</F> in connecting to
+it.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.3">3.3 How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="synchronise_clock"></A>
+</P>
+<P>To syncronize your PC's clock with your Samba server:</P>
+<P>* Copy timesync.pif to your windows directory
+* timesync.pif can be found at:
+http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/binaries/miscellaneous/timesync.pif
+* Add timesync.pif to your 'Start Up' group/folder
+* Open the properties dialog box for the program/icon
+* Make sure the 'Run Minimized' option is set in program
+'Properties'
+* Change the command line section that reads \\sambahost to reflect
+the name
+of your server.
+* Close the properties dialog box by choosing 'OK'</P>
+<P>Each time you start your computer (or login for Win95) your PC will
+synchronize it's clock with your Samba server.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.4">3.4 Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="multiple_session_clients"></A>
+</P>
+<P>All of the above programs are applications that sit on an NT box and
+allow multiple users to access the NT GUI applications from remote
+workstations (often over X).</P>
+<P>What has this got to do with Samba? The problem comes when these users
+use filemanager to mount shares from a Samba server. The most common
+symptom is that the first user to connect get correct file permissions
+and has a nice day, but subsequent connections get logged in as the
+same user as the first person to login. They find that they cannot
+access files in their own home directory, but that they can access
+files in the first users home directory (maybe not such a nice day
+after all?)</P>
+<P>Why does this happen? The above products all share a common heritage
+(and code base I believe). They all open just a single TCP based SMB
+connection to the Samba server, and requests from all users are piped
+over this connection. This is unfortunate, but not fatal.</P>
+<P>It means that if you run your Samba server in share level security
+(the default) then things will definately break as described
+above. The share level SMB security model has no provision for
+multiple user IDs on the one SMB connection. See security_level.txt in
+the docs for more info on share/user/server level security.</P>
+<P>If you run in user or server level security then you have a chance,
+but only if you have a recent version of Samba (at least 1.9.15p6). In
+older versions bugs in Samba meant you still would have had problems.</P>
+<P>If you have a trapdoor uid system in your OS then it will never work
+properly. Samba needs to be able to switch uids on the connection and
+it can't if your OS has a trapdoor uid system. You'll know this
+because Samba will note it in your logs.</P>
+<P>Also note that you should not use the magic "homes" share name with
+products like these, as otherwise all users will end up with the same
+home directory. Use \\server\username instead.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.5">3.5 Problem with printers under NT</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="nt_printers"></A>
+</P>
+<P>This info from Stefan Hergeth
+hergeth@f7axp1.informatik.fh-muenchen.de may be useful:</P>
+<P>A network-printer (with ethernetcard) is connected to the NT-Clients
+via our UNIX-Fileserver (SAMBA-Server), like the configuration told by
+Matthew Harrell harrell@leech.nrl.navy.mil (see WinNT.txt)</P>
+<P>1.) If a user has choosen this printer as the default printer in his
+NT-Session and this printer is not connected to the network
+(e.g. switched off) than this user has a problem with the SAMBA-
+connection of his filesystems. It's very slow.</P>
+<P>2.) If the printer is connected to the network everything works fine.</P>
+<P>3.) When the smbd ist started with debug level 3, you can see that
+the
+NT spooling system try to connect to the printer many times. If
+the
+printer ist not connected to the network this request fails and
+the
+NT spooler is wasting a lot of time to connect to the printer
+service.
+This seems to be the reason for the slow network connection.</P>
+<P>4.) Maybe it's possible to change this behaviour by setting different
+printer properties in the Print-Manager-Menu of NT, but i didn't try
+it yet.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.6">3.6 Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few hours?</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="dst_bugs"></A>
+</P>
+<P>This is from Paul Eggert eggert@twinsun.com.</P>
+<P>Most likely it's a problem with your time zone settings.</P>
+<P>Internally, Samba maintains time in traditional Unix format,
+namely, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Universal Time
+(or ``GMT''), not counting leap seconds.</P>
+<P>On the server side, Samba uses the Unix TZ variable to convert
+internal
+timestamps to and from local time. So on the server side, there are
+two
+things to get right.</P>
+<P>1. The Unix system clock must have the correct Universal
+time.
+Use the shell command "sh -c 'TZ=UTC0 date'" to check this.</P>
+<P>2. The TZ environment variable must be set on the server
+before Samba is invoked. The details of this depend on the
+server OS, but typically you must edit a file whose name is
+/etc/TIMEZONE or /etc/default/init, or run the command `zic
+-l'.</P>
+<P>3. TZ must have the correct value.</P>
+<P>3a. If possible, use geographical time zone settings
+(e.g. TZ='America/Los_Angeles' or perhaps
+TZ=':US/Pacific'). These are supported by most
+popular Unix OSes, are easier to get right, and are
+more accurate for historical timestamps. If your
+operating system has out-of-date tables, you should be
+able to update them from the public domain time zone
+tables at URL:ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/.</P>
+<P>3b. If your system does not support geographical time
+zone
+settings, you must use a Posix-style TZ strings, e.g.
+TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/2,M10.5.0/2' for US Pacific time.
+Posix TZ strings can take the following form (with
+optional
+items in brackets):</P>
+<P>StdOffset<F>Dst[Offset</F>,Date/Time,Date/Time]</P>
+<P>where:</P>
+<P>`Std' is the standard time designation
+(e.g. `PST').</P>
+<P>`Offset' is the number of hours behind UTC
+(e.g. `8').
+Prepend a `-' if you are ahead of UTC, and
+append `:30' if you are at a half-hour offset.
+Omit all the remaining items if you do not use
+daylight-saving time.</P>
+<P>`Dst' is the daylight-saving time designation
+(e.g. `PDT').</P>
+<P>The optional second `Offset' is the number of
+hours that daylight-saving time is behind UTC.
+The default is 1 hour ahead of standard time.</P>
+<P>`Date/Time,Date/Time' specify when
+daylight-saving
+time starts and ends. The format for a date
+is
+`Mm.n.d', which specifies the dth day (0 is
+Sunday)
+of the nth week of the mth month, where week 5
+means
+the last such day in the month. The format
+for a
+time is <F>h</F>h<F>:mm[:ss</F>], using a 24-hour clock.</P>
+<P>Other Posix string formats are allowed but you don't
+want
+to know about them.</P>
+<P>On the client side, you must make sure that your client's clock and
+time zone is also set appropriately. <F>[I don't know how to do this.</F>]
+Samba traditionally has had many problems dealing with time zones, due
+to the bizarre ways that Microsoft network protocols handle time
+zones. A common symptom is for file timestamps to be off by an hour.
+To work around the problem, try disconnecting from your Samba server
+and then reconnecting to it; or upgrade your Samba server to
+1.9.16alpha10 or later.</P>
+
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss3.7">3.7 How do I set the printer driver name correctly? </A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="printer_driver_name"></A>
+</P>
+<P>Question:
+> On NT, I opened "Printer Manager" and "Connect to Printer".
+> Enter "\\ptdi270\ps1" in the box of printer. I got the
+> following error message:
+>
+> You do not have sufficient access to your machine
+> to connect to the selected printer, since a driver
+> needs to be installed locally.</P>
+<P>Answer:</P>
+<P>In the more recent versions of Samba you can now set the "printer
+driver" in smb.conf. This tells the client what driver to use. For
+example, I have:</P>
+<P>printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L</P>
+<P>and NT knows to use the right driver. You have to get this string
+exactly right.</P>
+<P>To find the exact string to use, you need to get to the dialog box in
+your client where you select which printer driver to install. The
+correct strings for all the different printers are shown in a listbox
+in that dialog box.</P>
+<P>You could also try setting the driver to NULL like this:</P>
+<P>printer driver = NULL</P>
+<P>this is effectively what older versions of Samba did, so if that
+worked for you then give it a go. If this does work then let me know
+and I'll make it the default. Currently the default is a 0 length
+string.</P>
+
+
+<HR>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-2.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-4.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc3">Table of Contents</A>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq-4.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq-4.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e5f852a3d3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq-4.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ: Specific client application problems</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-3.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-5.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc4">Table of Contents</A>
+<HR>
+<H2><A NAME="s4">4. Specific client application problems</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="client_problems"></A>
+</P>
+
+<H2><A NAME="ss4.1">4.1 MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of "\MSOFFICE\SETUP.INI"</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="cant_change_properties"></A>
+</P>
+<P>When installing MS Office on a Samba drive for which you have admin
+user permissions, ie. admin users = username, you will find the
+setup program unable to complete the installation.</P>
+<P>To get around this problem, do the installation without admin user
+permissions The problem is that MS Office Setup checks that a file is
+rdonly by trying to open it for writing.</P>
+<P>Admin users can always open a file for writing, as they run as root.
+You just have to install as a non-admin user and then use "chown -R"
+to fix the owner.</P>
+
+
+<HR>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-3.html">Previous</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-5.html">Next</A>
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc4">Table of Contents</A>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq-5.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq-5.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d5c9cbae50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq-5.html
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ: Miscellaneous</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-4.html">Previous</A>
+Next
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc5">Table of Contents</A>
+<HR>
+<H2><A NAME="s5">5. Miscellaneous</A></H2>
+
+<P>
+<A NAME="miscellaneous"></A>
+</P>
+
+
+<HR>
+<A HREF="sambafaq-4.html">Previous</A>
+Next
+<A HREF="sambafaq.html#toc5">Table of Contents</A>
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq.html b/docs/faq/sambafaq.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a86d71320e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq.html
@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<HTML>
+<HEAD>
+<TITLE> Samba FAQ</TITLE>
+</HEAD>
+<BODY>
+Previous
+<A HREF="sambafaq-1.html">Next</A>
+Table of Contents
+<HR>
+<H1> Samba FAQ</H1>
+
+<H2>Paul Blackman, <CODE>ictinus@lake.canberra.edu.au</CODE></H2>, v 0.5
+<P><HR><EM> This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for
+Samba, the free and very popular SMB server product. An SMB server
+allows file and printer connections from clients such as Windows,
+OS/2, Linux and others. Current to version 1.9.16. Please send any
+corrections to the author.</EM><HR></P>
+<P>
+<H2><A NAME="toc1">1.</A> <A HREF="sambafaq-1.html">General Information</A></H2>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.1">1.1 What is Samba? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.2">1.2 What is the current version of Samba? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.3">1.3 Where can I get it? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.4">1.4 What do the version numbers mean? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.5">1.5 What platforms are supported? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.6">1.6 How can I find out more about Samba? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.7">1.7 Something's gone wrong - what should I do? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-1.html#ss1.8">1.8 Pizza supply details </A>
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+<H2><A NAME="toc2">2.</A> <A HREF="sambafaq-2.html">Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host</A></H2>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.1">2.1 I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.2">2.2 Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.3">2.3 Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.4">2.4 My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.5">2.5 My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.6">2.6 My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.7">2.7 Printing doesn't work :-(</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.8">2.8 My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.9">2.9 My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.10">2.10 My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-2.html#ss2.11">2.11 Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" </A>
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+<H2><A NAME="toc3">3.</A> <A HREF="sambafaq-3.html">Common client questions</A></H2>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.1">3.1 Are any Macintosh clients for Samba</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.2">3.2 "Session request failed (131,130)" error</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.3">3.3 How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server? </A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.4">3.4 Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.5">3.5 Problem with printers under NT</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.6">3.6 Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few hours?</A>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-3.html#ss3.7">3.7 How do I set the printer driver name correctly? </A>
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+<H2><A NAME="toc4">4.</A> <A HREF="sambafaq-4.html">Specific client application problems</A></H2>
+<UL>
+<LI><A HREF="sambafaq-4.html#ss4.1">4.1 MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of "\MSOFFICE\SETUP.INI"</A>
+</UL>
+
+<P>
+<H2><A NAME="toc5">5.</A> <A HREF="sambafaq-5.html">Miscellaneous</A></H2>
+
+
+<HR>
+Previous
+<A HREF="sambafaq-1.html">Next</A>
+Table of Contents
+</BODY>
+</HTML>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml b/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b8bcf92741
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq.sgml
@@ -0,0 +1,806 @@
+<!doctype linuxdoc system> <!-- -*- SGML -*- -->
+<!--
+ v 0.5 18 Oct 1996 Dan Shearer Dan.Shearer@unisa.edu.au
+ First linuxdoc-sgml version, outline only
+ v 0.6 25 Oct 1996 Dan
+ Filled in from current text faq
+
+-->
+
+<article>
+
+<title> Samba FAQ
+
+<author>Paul Blackman, <tt>ictinus@lake.canberra.edu.au</tt>
+
+<date>, v 0.5
+
+<abstract> This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for
+Samba, the free and very popular SMB server product. An SMB server
+allows file and printer connections from clients such as Windows,
+OS/2, Linux and others. Current to version 1.9.16. Please send any
+corrections to the author.
+</abstract>
+
+<toc>
+
+<sect> General Information<p> <label id="general_info">
+
+All about Samba - what it is, how to get it, related sources of
+information, how to understand the version numbering scheme, pizza
+details
+
+<sect1> What is Samba? <p> <label id="introduction">
+
+Samba is a suite of programs which work together to allow clients to
+access to a server's filespace and printers via the SMB (Server
+Message Block) protocol. Initially written for Unix, Samba now also
+runs on Netware, OS/2 and VMS.
+
+In practice, this means that you can redirect disks and printers to
+Unix disks and printers from Lan Manager clients, Windows for
+Workgroups 3.11 clients, Windows NT clients, Linux clients and OS/2
+clients. There is also a generic Unix client program supplied as part
+of the suite which allows Unix users to use an ftp-like interface to
+access filespace and printers on any other SMB servers. This gives the
+capability for these operating systems to behave much like a LAN
+Server or Windows NT Server machine, only with added functionality and
+flexibility designed to make life easier for administrators.
+
+The components of the suite are (in summary):
+
+<itemize>
+
+<item> smbd, the SMB server. This handles actual connections from
+clients, doing all the file, permission and username work
+
+<item>nmbd, the Netbios name server, which helps clients locate
+servers, doing the browsing work and managing domains as this
+capability is being built into Samba
+
+<item>smbclient, the Unix-hosted client program
+
+<item>smbrun, a little 'glue' program to help the server run external
+programs
+
+<item>testprns, a program to test server access to printers
+
+<item>testparms, a program to test the Samba configuration file for
+correctness
+
+<item>smb.conf, the Samba configuration file
+
+<item> smbprint, a sample script to allow a Unix host to use smbclient
+to print to an SMB server
+
+<item> documentation! DON'T neglect to read it - you will save a great
+deal of time!
+
+</itemize>
+
+The suite is supplied with full source (of course!) and is GPLed.
+
+The primary creator of the Samba suite is Andrew Tridgell. Later
+versions incorporate much effort by many net.helpers. The man pages
+and this FAQ were originally written by Karl Auer.
+
+<sect1> What is the current version of Samba? <p> <label id="current_version">
+
+At time of writing, the current version was 1.9.16. If you want to be
+sure check the bottom of the change-log file. <url
+url="ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/alpha/change-log">
+
+For more information see <ref id="version_nums" name="What do the
+version numbers mean?">
+
+<sect1> Where can I get it? <p> <label id="where">
+
+The Samba suite is available via anonymous ftp from
+samba.anu.edu.au. The latest and greatest versions of the suite are in
+the directory:
+
+/pub/samba/
+
+Development (read "alpha") versions, which are NOT necessarily stable
+and which do NOT necessarily have accurate documentation, are
+available in the directory:
+
+/pub/samba/alpha
+
+Note that binaries are NOT included in any of the above. Samba is
+distributed ONLY in source form, though binaries may be available from
+other sites. Recent versions of some Linux distributions, for example,
+do contain Samba binaries for that platform.
+
+<sect1> What do the version numbers mean? <p> <label id="version_nums">
+
+It is not recommended that you run a version of Samba with the word
+"alpha" in its name unless you know what you are doing and are willing
+to do some debugging. Many, many people just get the latest
+recommended stable release version and are happy. If you are brave, by
+all means take the plunge and help with the testing and development -
+but don't install it on your departmental server. Samba is typically
+very stable and safe, and this is mostly due to the policy of many
+public releases.
+
+How the scheme works:
+
+1) when major changes are made the version number is increased. For
+example, the transition from 1.9.15 to 1.9.16. However, this version
+number will not appear immediately and people should continue to use
+1.9.15 for production systems (see next point.)
+
+2) just after major changes are made the software is considered
+unstable, and a series of alpha releases are distributed, for example
+1.9.16alpha1. These are for testing by those who know what they are
+doing. The "alpha" in the filename will hopefully scare off those who
+are just looking for the latest version to install.
+
+3) when Andrew thinks that the alphas have stabilised to the point
+where he would recommend new users install it, he renames it to the
+same version number without the alpha, for example 1.9.16.
+
+4) inevitably bugs are found in the "stable" releases and minor patch
+levels are released which give us the pXX series, for example
+1.9.16p2.
+
+So the progression goes:
+
+ 1.9.15p7 (production)
+ 1.9.15p8 (production)
+ 1.9.16alpha1 (test sites only)
+ :
+ 1.9.16alpha20 (test sites only)
+ 1.9.16 (production)
+ 1.9.16p1 (production)
+
+The above system means that whenever someone looks at the samba ftp
+site they will be able to grab the highest numbered release without an
+alpha in the name and be sure of getting the current recommended
+version.
+
+<sect1> What platforms are supported? <p> <label id="platforms">
+
+Many different platforms have run Samba successfully. The platforms
+most widely used and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.
+
+At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for:
+
+ * SunOS
+ * Linux with shadow passwords
+ * Linux without shadow passwords
+ * SOLARIS
+ * SOLARIS 2.2 and above (aka SunOS 5)
+ * SVR4
+ * ULTRIX
+ * OSF1 (alpha only)
+ * OSF1 with NIS and Fast Crypt (alpha only)
+ * OSF1 V2.0 Enhanced Security (alpha only)
+ * AIX
+ * BSDI
+ * NetBSD
+ * NetBSD 1.0
+ * SEQUENT
+ * HP-UX
+ * SGI
+ * SGI IRIX 4.x.x
+ * SGI IRIX 5.x.x
+ * FreeBSD
+ * NeXT 3.2 and above
+ * NeXT OS 2.x
+ * NeXT OS 3.0
+ * ISC SVR3V4 (POSIX mode)
+ * ISC SVR3V4 (iBCS2 mode)
+ * A/UX 3.0
+ * SCO with shadow passwords.
+ * SCO with shadow passwords, without YP.
+ * SCO with TCB passwords
+ * SCO 3.2v2 (ODT 1.1) with TCP passwords
+ * intergraph
+ * DGUX
+ * Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3 (BSD4.3)
+
+<sect1> How can I find out more about Samba? <p> <label id="more">
+
+There are two mailing lists devoted to discussion of Samba-related
+matters. There is also the newsgroup, comp.protocols.smb, which has a
+great deal of discussion on Samba. There is also a WWW site 'SAMBA Web
+Pages' at http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/samba.html, under
+which there is a comprehensive survey of Samba users. Another useful
+resource is the hypertext archive of the Samba mailing list.
+
+Send email to listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is
+blank, and include the following two lines in the body of the message:
+
+ subscribe samba Firstname Lastname
+ subscribe samba-announce Firstname Lastname
+
+Obviously you should substitute YOUR first name for "Firstname" and
+YOUR last name for "Lastname"! Try not to send any signature stuff, it
+sometimes confuses the list processor.
+
+The samba list is a digest list - every eight hours or so it
+regurgitates a single message containing all the messages that have
+been received by the list since the last time and sends a copy of this
+message to all subscribers.
+
+If you stop being interested in Samba, please send another email to
+listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is blank, and
+include the following two lines in the body of the message:
+
+ unsubscribe samba
+ unsubscribe samba-announce
+
+The From: line in your message MUST be the same address you used when
+you subscribed.
+
+<sect1> Something's gone wrong - what should I do? <p> <label id="wrong">
+
+[#] *** IMPORTANT! *** [#]
+DO NOT post messages on mailing lists or in newsgroups until you have
+carried out the first three steps given here!
+
+Firstly, see if there are any likely looking entries in this FAQ! If
+you have just installed Samba, have you run through the checklist in
+DIAGNOSIS.txt? It can save you a lot of time and effort.
+
+Secondly, read the man pages for smbd, nmbd and smb.conf, looking for
+topics that relate to what you are trying to do.
+
+Thirdly, if there is no obvious solution to hand, try to get a look at
+the log files for smbd and/or nmbd for the period during which you
+were having problems. You may need to reconfigure the servers to
+provide more extensive debugging information - usually level 2 or
+level 3 provide ample debugging info. Inspect these logs closely,
+looking particularly for the string "Error:".
+
+Fourthly, if you still haven't got anywhere, ask the mailing list or
+newsgroup. In general nobody minds answering questions provided you
+have followed the preceding steps. It might be a good idea to scan the
+archives of the mailing list, which are available through the Samba
+web site described in the previous
+section.
+
+If you successfully solve a problem, please mail the FAQ maintainer a
+succinct description of the symptom, the problem and the solution, so
+I can incorporate it in the next version.
+
+If you make changes to the source code, _please_ submit these patches
+so that everyone else gets the benefit of your work. This is one of
+the most important aspects to the maintainence of Samba. Send all
+patches to samba-bugs@samba.anu.edu.au, not Andrew Tridgell or any
+other individual and not the samba team mailing list.
+
+<sect1> Pizza supply details <p> <label id="pizza">
+
+Those who have registered in the Samba survey as "Pizza Factory" will
+already know this, but the rest may need some help. Andrew doesn't ask
+for payment, but he does appreciate it when people give him
+pizza. This calls for a little organisation when the pizza donor is
+twenty thousand kilometres away, but it has been done.
+
+Method 1: Ring up your local branch of an international pizza chain
+and see if they honour their vouchers internationally. Pizza Hut do,
+which is how the entire Canberra Linux Users Group got to eat pizza
+one night, courtesy of someone in the US
+
+Method 2: Ring up a local pizza shop in Canberra and quote a credit
+card number for a certain amount, and tell them that Andrew will be
+collecting it (don't forget to tell him.) One kind soul from Germany
+did this.
+
+Method 3: Purchase a pizza voucher from your local pizza shop that has
+no international affiliations and send it to Andrew. It is completely
+useless but he can hang it on the wall next to the one he already has
+from Germany :-)
+
+Method 4: Air freight him a pizza with your favourite regional
+flavours. It will probably get stuck in customs or torn apart by
+hungry sniffer dogs but it will have been a noble gesture.
+
+<sect>Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host<p>
+<label id="unix_install">
+
+<sect1>I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!<p>
+<label id="no_browse">
+
+*** Until the FAQ can be updated, please check the file:
+*** ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt
+*** for more information on browsing.
+
+If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable
+servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under
+Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M:
+thusly:
+
+ net use M: \\mary\fred
+
+The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from
+client to client - check your client's documentation.
+
+<sect1>Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when I
+view the files from my client!<p>
+<label id="missing_files">
+
+<sect1>Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames when
+I view the files from my client!<p>
+<label id="strange_filenames">
+
+If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they
+are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not
+DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).
+
+The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files
+completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you
+are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been
+configured to ignore them. Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for
+details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is
+"mangled names = yes".
+
+<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar<p>
+<label id="cant_see_server">
+
+This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server
+name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the
+name you specified cannot be resolved.
+
+After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you
+should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting
+to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it
+is, the problem is most likely name resolution.
+
+If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the
+hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Man Manager
+or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file
+LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between
+your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then
+there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution
+is beyond the scope of this document.
+
+If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name
+resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a
+netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program),
+the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section
+Two of this FAQ for more ideas.
+
+By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further
+tests :-)
+
+<sect1>My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or
+similar<p>
+<label id="cant_see_share">
+
+This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified
+server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of
+the name you gave.
+
+The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are
+trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it
+exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's doco on how
+to specify a service name correctly), read on:
+
+ * Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than
+eight
+ characters.
+ * Many clients cannot accept or use service names containing
+spaces.
+ * Some servers (not Samba though) are case sensitive with service
+names.
+ * Some clients force service names into upper case.
+
+<sect1>My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log
+on to the network" or similar <p>
+<label id="cant_see_net">
+
+Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name
+controller stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the
+whole concept of a primary domain controller and "logging in to a
+network" doesn't fit well with clients possibly running on multiuser
+machines (such as users of smbclient under Unix). Having said that,
+several developers are working hard on building it in to the next
+major version of Samba. If you can contribute, send a message to
+samba-bugs!
+
+Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected
+disks and printers, which is really what all this is about.
+
+For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager),
+setting the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message.
+
+<sect1>Printing doesn't work :-(<p> <label id="no_printing">
+
+Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are
+connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg.,
+use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr").
+
+Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is
+writable by the user connected to the service. In particular the user
+"nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked with an
+earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other than
+"nobody".
+
+Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use
+the printer.
+
+Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and
+see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with
+a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client
+attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1
+protocol.
+
+If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not
+Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug.
+
+If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to
+coreplus. Also not that print status error messages don't mean
+printing won't work. The print status is received by a different
+mechanism.
+
+<sect1>My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work properly<p>
+<label id="programs_wont_run">
+
+There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR
+possibility is that your software uses locking. Make sure you are
+using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It may also be possible to work around
+the problem by setting "locking=no" in the Samba configuration file
+for the service the software is installed on. This should be regarded
+as a strictly temporary solution.
+
+In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very
+latest Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows
+6. These should have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew
+Tridgell know.
+
+<sect1>My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised<p>
+<label id="bad_server_string">
+
+my client reports the default setting, eg. "Samba 1.9.15p4", instead
+of what I have changed it to in the smb.conf file.
+
+You need to use the -C option in nmbd. The "server string" affects
+what smbd puts out and -C affects what nmbd puts out. In a future
+version these will probably be combined and -C will be removed, but
+for now use -C
+
+<sect1>My client reports "This server is not configured to list shared
+resources" <p> <label id="cant_list_shares">
+
+Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the
+guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is
+valid.
+
+See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page.
+
+<sect1>Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system" <p>
+<label id="trapdoor_uid">
+
+This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid
+or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security
+hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no
+user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many
+broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535.
+
+It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-)
+
+This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to
+another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on
+being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back
+again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid
+system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less
+things will break if you use user or server level security instead of
+the default share level security, but you may still strike
+problems.
+
+The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic,
+but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable.
+In particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as
+two different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a
+"guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect
+your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as
+the guest user.
+
+Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system.
+
+Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that
+it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with
+no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run
+as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good!
+
+<sect>Common client questions<p> <label id="client_questions">
+
+<sect1>Are any Macintosh clients for Samba<p> <label id="mac_clients">
+
+In Rob Newberry's words (rob@eats.com, Sun, 4 Dec 1994):
+
+The answer is "No." Samba speaks SMB, the protocol used for Microsoft
+networks. The Macintosh has ALWAYS spoken Appletalk. Even with
+Microsoft "services for Macintosh", it has been a matter of making the
+server speak Appletalk. It is the same for Novell Netware and the
+Macintosh, although I believe Novell has (VERY LATE) released an
+extension for the Mac to let it speak IPX.
+
+In future Apple System Software, you may see support for other
+protocols, such as SMB -- Applet is working on a new networking
+architecture that will --> -- make it easier to support additional
+protocols. But it's not here yet.
+
+Now, the nice part is that if you want your Unix machine to speak
+Appletalk, there are several options. "Netatalk" and "CAP" are free,
+and available on the net. There are also several commercial options,
+such as "PacerShare" and "Helios" (I think). In any case, you'll have
+to look around for a server, not anything for the Mac.
+
+Depending on you OS, some of these may not help you. I am currently
+coordinating the effort to get CAP working with Native Ethertalk under
+Linux, but we're not done yet.
+
+
+<sect1>"Session request failed (131,130)" error<p> <label id="sess_req_fail">
+
+The following answer is provided by John E. Miller:
+
+I'll assume that you're able to ping back and forth between the
+machines by IP address and name, and that you're using some security
+model where you're confident that you've got user IDs and passwords
+right. The logging options (-d3 or greater) can help a lot with that.
+DNS and WINS configuration can also impact connectivity as well.
+
+Now, on to 'scope id's. Somewhere in your Win95 TCP/IP network
+configuration (I'm too much of an NT bigot to know where it's located
+in the Win95 setup, but I'll have to learn someday since I teach for a
+Microsoft Solution Provider Authorized Tech Education Center - what an
+acronym...) [Note: It's under Control Panel | Network | TCP/IP | WINS
+Configuration] there's a little text entry field called something like
+'Scope ID'.
+
+This field essentially creates 'invisible' sub-workgroups on the same
+wire. Boxes can only see other boxes whose Scope IDs are set to the
+exact same value - it's sometimes used by OEMs to configure their
+boxes to browse only other boxes from the same vendor and, in most
+environments, this field should be left blank. If you, in fact, have
+something in this box that EXACT value (case-sensitive!) needs to be
+provided to smbclient and nmbd as the -i (lowercase) parameter. So, if
+your Scope ID is configured as the string 'SomeStr' in Win95 then
+you'd have to use smbclient -iSomeStr [otherparms] in connecting to
+it.
+
+<sect1>How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server? <p>
+<label id="synchronise_clock">
+
+To syncronize your PC's clock with your Samba server:
+
+* Copy timesync.pif to your windows directory
+ * timesync.pif can be found at:
+ http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/binaries/miscellaneous/timesync.pif
+* Add timesync.pif to your 'Start Up' group/folder
+* Open the properties dialog box for the program/icon
+ * Make sure the 'Run Minimized' option is set in program
+'Properties'
+ * Change the command line section that reads \\sambahost to reflect
+the name
+ of your server.
+* Close the properties dialog box by choosing 'OK'
+
+Each time you start your computer (or login for Win95) your PC will
+synchronize it's clock with your Samba server.
+
+<sect1>Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc<p>
+<label id="multiple_session_clients">
+
+All of the above programs are applications that sit on an NT box and
+allow multiple users to access the NT GUI applications from remote
+workstations (often over X).
+
+What has this got to do with Samba? The problem comes when these users
+use filemanager to mount shares from a Samba server. The most common
+symptom is that the first user to connect get correct file permissions
+and has a nice day, but subsequent connections get logged in as the
+same user as the first person to login. They find that they cannot
+access files in their own home directory, but that they can access
+files in the first users home directory (maybe not such a nice day
+after all?)
+
+Why does this happen? The above products all share a common heritage
+(and code base I believe). They all open just a single TCP based SMB
+connection to the Samba server, and requests from all users are piped
+over this connection. This is unfortunate, but not fatal.
+
+It means that if you run your Samba server in share level security
+(the default) then things will definately break as described
+above. The share level SMB security model has no provision for
+multiple user IDs on the one SMB connection. See security_level.txt in
+the docs for more info on share/user/server level security.
+
+If you run in user or server level security then you have a chance,
+but only if you have a recent version of Samba (at least 1.9.15p6). In
+older versions bugs in Samba meant you still would have had problems.
+
+If you have a trapdoor uid system in your OS then it will never work
+properly. Samba needs to be able to switch uids on the connection and
+it can't if your OS has a trapdoor uid system. You'll know this
+because Samba will note it in your logs.
+
+Also note that you should not use the magic "homes" share name with
+products like these, as otherwise all users will end up with the same
+home directory. Use \\server\username instead.
+
+<sect1>Problem with printers under NT<p> <label id="nt_printers">
+
+This info from Stefan Hergeth
+hergeth@f7axp1.informatik.fh-muenchen.de may be useful:
+
+ A network-printer (with ethernetcard) is connected to the NT-Clients
+via our UNIX-Fileserver (SAMBA-Server), like the configuration told by
+ Matthew Harrell harrell@leech.nrl.navy.mil (see WinNT.txt)
+
+ 1.) If a user has choosen this printer as the default printer in his
+ NT-Session and this printer is not connected to the network
+ (e.g. switched off) than this user has a problem with the SAMBA-
+ connection of his filesystems. It's very slow.
+
+ 2.) If the printer is connected to the network everything works fine.
+
+ 3.) When the smbd ist started with debug level 3, you can see that
+the
+ NT spooling system try to connect to the printer many times. If
+the
+ printer ist not connected to the network this request fails and
+the
+ NT spooler is wasting a lot of time to connect to the printer
+service.
+ This seems to be the reason for the slow network connection.
+
+ 4.) Maybe it's possible to change this behaviour by setting different
+printer properties in the Print-Manager-Menu of NT, but i didn't try
+it yet.
+
+<sect1>Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few hours?<p>
+<label id="dst_bugs">
+
+This is from Paul Eggert eggert@twinsun.com.
+
+Most likely it's a problem with your time zone settings.
+
+Internally, Samba maintains time in traditional Unix format,
+namely, the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Universal Time
+(or ``GMT''), not counting leap seconds.
+
+On the server side, Samba uses the Unix TZ variable to convert
+internal
+timestamps to and from local time. So on the server side, there are
+two
+things to get right.
+
+ 1. The Unix system clock must have the correct Universal
+time.
+ Use the shell command "sh -c 'TZ=UTC0 date'" to check this.
+
+ 2. The TZ environment variable must be set on the server
+ before Samba is invoked. The details of this depend on the
+ server OS, but typically you must edit a file whose name is
+ /etc/TIMEZONE or /etc/default/init, or run the command `zic
+-l'.
+
+ 3. TZ must have the correct value.
+
+ 3a. If possible, use geographical time zone settings
+ (e.g. TZ='America/Los_Angeles' or perhaps
+ TZ=':US/Pacific'). These are supported by most
+ popular Unix OSes, are easier to get right, and are
+ more accurate for historical timestamps. If your
+ operating system has out-of-date tables, you should be
+ able to update them from the public domain time zone
+ tables at URL:ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/.
+
+ 3b. If your system does not support geographical time
+zone
+ settings, you must use a Posix-style TZ strings, e.g.
+ TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/2,M10.5.0/2' for US Pacific time.
+ Posix TZ strings can take the following form (with
+optional
+ items in brackets):
+
+ StdOffset[Dst[Offset],Date/Time,Date/Time]
+
+ where:
+
+ `Std' is the standard time designation
+(e.g. `PST').
+
+ `Offset' is the number of hours behind UTC
+(e.g. `8').
+ Prepend a `-' if you are ahead of UTC, and
+ append `:30' if you are at a half-hour offset.
+ Omit all the remaining items if you do not use
+ daylight-saving time.
+
+ `Dst' is the daylight-saving time designation
+ (e.g. `PDT').
+
+ The optional second `Offset' is the number of
+ hours that daylight-saving time is behind UTC.
+ The default is 1 hour ahead of standard time.
+
+ `Date/Time,Date/Time' specify when
+daylight-saving
+ time starts and ends. The format for a date
+is
+ `Mm.n.d', which specifies the dth day (0 is
+Sunday)
+ of the nth week of the mth month, where week 5
+means
+ the last such day in the month. The format
+for a
+ time is [h]h[:mm[:ss]], using a 24-hour clock.
+
+ Other Posix string formats are allowed but you don't
+want
+ to know about them.
+
+On the client side, you must make sure that your client's clock and
+time zone is also set appropriately. [[I don't know how to do this.]]
+Samba traditionally has had many problems dealing with time zones, due
+to the bizarre ways that Microsoft network protocols handle time
+zones. A common symptom is for file timestamps to be off by an hour.
+To work around the problem, try disconnecting from your Samba server
+and then reconnecting to it; or upgrade your Samba server to
+1.9.16alpha10 or later.
+
+<sect1> How do I set the printer driver name correctly? <p>
+<label id="printer_driver_name">
+
+Question:
+> On NT, I opened "Printer Manager" and "Connect to Printer".
+> Enter "\\ptdi270\ps1" in the box of printer. I got the
+> following error message:
+>
+> You do not have sufficient access to your machine
+> to connect to the selected printer, since a driver
+> needs to be installed locally.
+
+Answer:
+
+In the more recent versions of Samba you can now set the "printer
+driver" in smb.conf. This tells the client what driver to use. For
+example, I have:
+
+ printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L
+
+and NT knows to use the right driver. You have to get this string
+exactly right.
+
+To find the exact string to use, you need to get to the dialog box in
+your client where you select which printer driver to install. The
+correct strings for all the different printers are shown in a listbox
+in that dialog box.
+
+You could also try setting the driver to NULL like this:
+
+ printer driver = NULL
+
+this is effectively what older versions of Samba did, so if that
+worked for you then give it a go. If this does work then let me know
+and I'll make it the default. Currently the default is a 0 length
+string.
+
+<sect>Specific client application problems<p> <label id="client_problems">
+
+<sect1>MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of "\MSOFFICE\SETUP.INI"<p>
+<label id="cant_change_properties">
+
+When installing MS Office on a Samba drive for which you have admin
+user permissions, ie. admin users = username, you will find the
+setup program unable to complete the installation.
+
+To get around this problem, do the installation without admin user
+permissions The problem is that MS Office Setup checks that a file is
+rdonly by trying to open it for writing.
+
+Admin users can always open a file for writing, as they run as root.
+You just have to install as a non-admin user and then use "chown -R"
+to fix the owner.
+
+<sect>Miscellaneous<p> <label id="miscellaneous">
+
+
+</article>
diff --git a/docs/faq/sambafaq.txt b/docs/faq/sambafaq.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..068204b9cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/faq/sambafaq.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,780 @@
+ Samba FAQ
+ Paul Blackman, ictinus@lake.canberra.edu.au
+ , v 0.5
+
+ This is the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) document for Samba, the
+ free and very popular SMB server product. An SMB server allows file
+ and printer connections from clients such as Windows, OS/2, Linux and
+ others. Current to version 1.9.16. Please send any corrections to the
+ author.
+ ______________________________________________________________________
+
+ Table of Contents:
+
+ 1. General Information
+
+ 1.1. What is Samba?
+
+ 1.2. What is the current version of Samba?
+
+ 1.3. Where can I get it?
+
+ 1.4. What do the version numbers mean?
+
+ 1.5. What platforms are supported?
+
+ 1.6. How can I find out more about Samba?
+
+ 1.7. Something's gone wrong - what should I do?
+
+ 1.8. Pizza supply details
+
+ 2. Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host
+
+ 2.1. I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!
+
+ 2.2. Some files that I KNOW are on the server doesn't show up when
+ I view the files from my client!
+
+ 2.3. Some files on the server show up with really wierd filenames
+ when I view the files from my client!
+
+ 2.4. My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or
+ similar
+
+ 2.5. My client reports "cannot locate specified share name" or
+ similar
+
+ 2.6. My client reports "cannot find domain controller", "cannot log
+ on to the network" or similar
+
+ 2.7. Printing doesn't work :-(
+
+ 2.8. My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work
+ properly
+
+ 2.9. My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised
+
+ 2.10. My client reports "This server is not configured to list
+ shared resources"
+
+ 2.11. Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system"
+
+ 3. Common client questions
+
+ 3.1. Are any Macintosh clients for Samba
+
+ 3.2. "Session request failed (131,130)" error
+
+ 3.3. How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server?
+
+ 3.4. Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc
+
+ 3.5. Problem with printers under NT
+
+ 3.6. Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few
+ hours?
+
+ 3.7. How do I set the printer driver name correctly?
+
+ 4. Specific client application problems
+
+ 4.1. MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of
+ "MSOFFICEUP.INI"
+
+ 5. Miscellaneous
+ ______________________________________________________________________
+
+ 1. General Information
+
+ All about Samba - what it is, how to get it, related sources of
+ information, how to understand the version numbering scheme, pizza
+ details
+
+ 1.1. What is Samba?
+
+ Samba is a suite of programs which work together to allow clients to
+ access to a server's filespace and printers via the SMB (Server
+ Message Block) protocol. Initially written for Unix, Samba now also
+ runs on Netware, OS/2 and VMS.
+
+ In practice, this means that you can redirect disks and printers to
+ Unix disks and printers from Lan Manager clients, Windows for
+ Workgroups 3.11 clients, Windows NT clients, Linux clients and OS/2
+ clients. There is also a generic Unix client program supplied as part
+ of the suite which allows Unix users to use an ftp-like interface to
+ access filespace and printers on any other SMB servers. This gives the
+ capability for these operating systems to behave much like a LAN
+ Server or Windows NT Server machine, only with added functionality and
+ flexibility designed to make life easier for administrators.
+
+ The components of the suite are (in summary):
+
+ o smbd, the SMB server. This handles actual connections from clients,
+ doing all the file, permission and username work
+
+ o nmbd, the Netbios name server, which helps clients locate servers,
+ doing the browsing work and managing domains as this capability is
+ being built into Samba
+
+ o smbclient, the Unix-hosted client program
+
+ o smbrun, a little 'glue' program to help the server run external
+ programs
+
+ o testprns, a program to test server access to printers
+
+ o testparms, a program to test the Samba configuration file for
+ correctness
+
+ o smb.conf, the Samba configuration file
+
+ o smbprint, a sample script to allow a Unix host to use smbclient to
+ print to an SMB server
+
+ o documentation! DON'T neglect to read it - you will save a great
+ deal of time!
+
+ The suite is supplied with full source (of course!) and is GPLed.
+
+ The primary creator of the Samba suite is Andrew Tridgell. Later
+ versions incorporate much effort by many net.helpers. The man pages
+ and this FAQ were originally written by Karl Auer.
+
+ 1.2. What is the current version of Samba?
+
+ At time of writing, the current version was 1.9.16. If you want to be
+ sure check the bottom of the change-log file.
+ <ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/alpha/change-log>
+
+ For more information see ``What do the version numbers mean?''
+
+ 1.3. Where can I get it?
+
+ The Samba suite is available via anonymous ftp from samba.anu.edu.au.
+ The latest and greatest versions of the suite are in the directory:
+
+ /pub/samba/
+
+ Development (read "alpha") versions, which are NOT necessarily stable
+ and which do NOT necessarily have accurate documentation, are
+ available in the directory:
+
+ /pub/samba/alpha
+
+ Note that binaries are NOT included in any of the above. Samba is
+ distributed ONLY in source form, though binaries may be available from
+ other sites. Recent versions of some Linux distributions, for example,
+ do contain Samba binaries for that platform.
+
+ 1.4. What do the version numbers mean?
+
+ It is not recommended that you run a version of Samba with the word
+ "alpha" in its name unless you know what you are doing and are willing
+ to do some debugging. Many, many people just get the latest
+ recommended stable release version and are happy. If you are brave, by
+ all means take the plunge and help with the testing and development -
+ but don't install it on your departmental server. Samba is typically
+ very stable and safe, and this is mostly due to the policy of many
+ public releases.
+
+ How the scheme works:
+
+ 1) when major changes are made the version number is increased. For
+ example, the transition from 1.9.15 to 1.9.16. However, this version
+ number will not appear immediately and people should continue to use
+ 1.9.15 for production systems (see next point.)
+
+ 2) just after major changes are made the software is considered
+ unstable, and a series of alpha releases are distributed, for example
+ 1.9.16alpha1. These are for testing by those who know what they are
+ doing. The "alpha" in the filename will hopefully scare off those who
+ are just looking for the latest version to install.
+
+ 3) when Andrew thinks that the alphas have stabilised to the point
+ where he would recommend new users install it, he renames it to the
+ same version number without the alpha, for example 1.9.16.
+
+ 4) inevitably bugs are found in the "stable" releases and minor patch
+ levels are released which give us the pXX series, for example
+ 1.9.16p2.
+
+ So the progression goes:
+
+ 1.9.15p7 (production) 1.9.15p8 (production) 1.9.16alpha1
+ (test sites only) : 1.9.16alpha20 (test sites only) 1.9.16
+ (production) 1.9.16p1 (production)
+
+ The above system means that whenever someone looks at the samba ftp
+ site they will be able to grab the highest numbered release without an
+ alpha in the name and be sure of getting the current recommended
+ version.
+
+ 1.5. What platforms are supported?
+
+ Many different platforms have run Samba successfully. The platforms
+ most widely used and thus best tested are Linux and SunOS.
+
+ At time of writing, the Makefile claimed support for:
+
+ * SunOS * Linux with shadow passwords * Linux without shadow passwords
+ * SOLARIS * SOLARIS 2.2 and above (aka SunOS 5) * SVR4 * ULTRIX * OSF1
+ (alpha only) * OSF1 with NIS and Fast Crypt (alpha only) * OSF1 V2.0
+ Enhanced Security (alpha only) * AIX * BSDI * NetBSD * NetBSD 1.0 *
+ SEQUENT * HP-UX * SGI * SGI IRIX 4.x.x * SGI IRIX 5.x.x * FreeBSD *
+ NeXT 3.2 and above * NeXT OS 2.x * NeXT OS 3.0 * ISC SVR3V4 (POSIX
+ mode) * ISC SVR3V4 (iBCS2 mode) * A/UX 3.0 * SCO with shadow
+ passwords. * SCO with shadow passwords, without YP. * SCO with TCB
+ passwords * SCO 3.2v2 (ODT 1.1) with TCP passwords * intergraph * DGUX
+ * Apollo Domain/OS sr10.3 (BSD4.3)
+
+ 1.6. How can I find out more about Samba?
+
+ There are two mailing lists devoted to discussion of Samba-related
+ matters. There is also the newsgroup, comp.protocols.smb, which has a
+ great deal of discussion on Samba. There is also a WWW site 'SAMBA Web
+ Pages' at http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/samba.html, under
+ which there is a comprehensive survey of Samba users. Another useful
+ resource is the hypertext archive of the Samba mailing list.
+
+ Send email to listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is
+ blank, and include the following two lines in the body of the message:
+
+ subscribe samba Firstname Lastname subscribe samba-announce Firstname
+ Lastname
+
+ Obviously you should substitute YOUR first name for "Firstname" and
+ YOUR last name for "Lastname"! Try not to send any signature stuff, it
+ sometimes confuses the list processor.
+
+ The samba list is a digest list - every eight hours or so it
+ regurgitates a single message containing all the messages that have
+ been received by the list since the last time and sends a copy of this
+ message to all subscribers.
+
+ If you stop being interested in Samba, please send another email to
+ listproc@samba.anu.edu.au. Make sure the subject line is blank, and
+ include the following two lines in the body of the message:
+
+ unsubscribe samba unsubscribe samba-announce
+
+ The From: line in your message MUST be the same address you used when
+ you subscribed.
+
+ 1.7. Something's gone wrong - what should I do?
+
+ # *** IMPORTANT! *** # DO NOT post messages on mailing lists or in
+ newsgroups until you have carried out the first three steps given
+ here!
+
+ Firstly, see if there are any likely looking entries in this FAQ! If
+ you have just installed Samba, have you run through the checklist in
+ DIAGNOSIS.txt? It can save you a lot of time and effort.
+
+ Secondly, read the man pages for smbd, nmbd and smb.conf, looking for
+ topics that relate to what you are trying to do.
+
+ Thirdly, if there is no obvious solution to hand, try to get a look at
+ the log files for smbd and/or nmbd for the period during which you
+ were having problems. You may need to reconfigure the servers to
+ provide more extensive debugging information - usually level 2 or
+ level 3 provide ample debugging info. Inspect these logs closely,
+ looking particularly for the string "Error:".
+
+ Fourthly, if you still haven't got anywhere, ask the mailing list or
+ newsgroup. In general nobody minds answering questions provided you
+ have followed the preceding steps. It might be a good idea to scan the
+ archives of the mailing list, which are available through the Samba
+ web site described in the previous section.
+
+ If you successfully solve a problem, please mail the FAQ maintainer a
+ succinct description of the symptom, the problem and the solution, so
+ I can incorporate it in the next version.
+
+ If you make changes to the source code, _please_ submit these patches
+ so that everyone else gets the benefit of your work. This is one of
+ the most important aspects to the maintainence of Samba. Send all
+ patches to samba-bugs@samba.anu.edu.au, not Andrew Tridgell or any
+ other individual and not the samba team mailing list.
+
+ 1.8. Pizza supply details
+
+ Those who have registered in the Samba survey as "Pizza Factory" will
+ already know this, but the rest may need some help. Andrew doesn't ask
+ for payment, but he does appreciate it when people give him pizza.
+ This calls for a little organisation when the pizza donor is twenty
+ thousand kilometres away, but it has been done.
+
+ Method 1: Ring up your local branch of an international pizza chain
+ and see if they honour their vouchers internationally. Pizza Hut do,
+ which is how the entire Canberra Linux Users Group got to eat pizza
+ one night, courtesy of someone in the US
+
+ Method 2: Ring up a local pizza shop in Canberra and quote a credit
+ card number for a certain amount, and tell them that Andrew will be
+ collecting it (don't forget to tell him.) One kind soul from Germany
+ did this.
+
+ Method 3: Purchase a pizza voucher from your local pizza shop that has
+ no international affiliations and send it to Andrew. It is completely
+ useless but he can hang it on the wall next to the one he already has
+ from Germany :-)
+
+ Method 4: Air freight him a pizza with your favourite regional
+ flavours. It will probably get stuck in customs or torn apart by
+ hungry sniffer dogs but it will have been a noble gesture.
+
+ 2. Compiling and installing Samba on a Unix host
+
+ 2.1. I can't see the Samba server in any browse lists!
+
+ *** Until the FAQ can be updated, please check the file: ***
+ ftp://samba.anu.edu.au/pub/samba/BROWSING.txt *** for more information
+ on browsing.
+
+ If your GUI client does not permit you to select non-browsable
+ servers, you may need to do so on the command line. For example, under
+ Lan Manager you might connect to the above service as disk drive M:
+ thusly:
+
+ net use M: \maryed
+
+ The details of how to do this and the specific syntax varies from
+ client to client - check your client's documentation.
+
+ 2.2. view the files from my client! Some files that I KNOW are on
+ the server doesn't show up when I
+
+ 2.3. I view the files from my client! Some files on the server show
+ up with really wierd filenames when
+
+ If you check what files are not showing up, you will note that they
+ are files which contain upper case letters or which are otherwise not
+ DOS-compatible (ie, they are not legal DOS filenames for some reason).
+
+ The Samba server can be configured either to ignore such files
+ completely, or to present them to the client in "mangled" form. If you
+ are not seeing the files at all, the Samba server has most likely been
+ configured to ignore them. Consult the man page smb.conf(5) for
+ details of how to change this - the parameter you need to set is
+ "mangled names = yes".
+
+ 2.4. My client reports "cannot locate specified computer" or similar
+
+ This indicates one of three things: You supplied an incorrect server
+ name, the underlying TCP/IP layer is not working correctly, or the
+ name you specified cannot be resolved.
+
+ After carefully checking that the name you typed is the name you
+ should have typed, try doing things like pinging a host or telnetting
+ to somewhere on your network to see if TCP/IP is functioning OK. If it
+ is, the problem is most likely name resolution.
+
+ If your client has a facility to do so, hardcode a mapping between the
+ hosts IP and the name you want to use. For example, with Man Manager
+ or Windows for Workgroups you would put a suitable entry in the file
+ LMHOSTS. If this works, the problem is in the communication between
+ your client and the netbios name server. If it does not work, then
+ there is something fundamental wrong with your naming and the solution
+ is beyond the scope of this document.
+
+ If you do not have any server on your subnet supplying netbios name
+ resolution, hardcoded mappings are your only option. If you DO have a
+ netbios name server running (such as the Samba suite's nmbd program),
+ the problem probably lies in the way it is set up. Refer to Section
+ Two of this FAQ for more ideas.
+
+ By the way, remember to REMOVE the hardcoded mapping before further
+ tests :-)
+
+ 2.5. similar My client reports "cannot locate specified share name"
+ or
+
+ This message indicates that your client CAN locate the specified
+ server, which is a good start, but that it cannot find a service of
+ the name you gave.
+
+ The first step is to check the exact name of the service you are
+ trying to connect to (consult your system administrator). Assuming it
+ exists and you specified it correctly (read your client's doco on how
+ to specify a service name correctly), read on:
+
+ * Many clients cannot accept or use service names longer than eight
+ characters. * Many clients cannot accept or use service names
+ containing spaces. * Some servers (not Samba though) are case
+ sensitive with service names. * Some clients force service names into
+ upper case.
+
+ 2.6. on to the network" or similar My client reports "cannot find
+ domain controller", "cannot log
+
+ Nothing is wrong - Samba does not implement the primary domain name
+ controller stuff for several reasons, including the fact that the
+ whole concept of a primary domain controller and "logging in to a
+ network" doesn't fit well with clients possibly running on multiuser
+ machines (such as users of smbclient under Unix). Having said that,
+ several developers are working hard on building it in to the next
+ major version of Samba. If you can contribute, send a message to
+ samba-bugs!
+
+ Seeing this message should not affect your ability to mount redirected
+ disks and printers, which is really what all this is about.
+
+ For many clients (including Windows for Workgroups and Lan Manager),
+ setting the domain to STANDALONE at least gets rid of the message.
+
+ 2.7. Printing doesn't work :-(
+
+ Make sure that the specified print command for the service you are
+ connecting to is correct and that it has a fully-qualified path (eg.,
+ use "/usr/bin/lpr" rather than just "lpr").
+
+ Make sure that the spool directory specified for the service is
+ writable by the user connected to the service. In particular the user
+ "nobody" often has problems with printing, even if it worked with an
+ earlier version of Samba. Try creating another guest user other than
+ "nobody".
+
+ Make sure that the user specified in the service is permitted to use
+ the printer.
+
+ Check the debug log produced by smbd. Search for the printer name and
+ see if the log turns up any clues. Note that error messages to do with
+ a service ipc$ are meaningless - they relate to the way the client
+ attempts to retrieve status information when using the LANMAN1
+ protocol.
+
+ If using WfWg then you need to set the default protocol to TCP/IP, not
+ Netbeui. This is a WfWg bug.
+
+ If using the Lanman1 protocol (the default) then try switching to
+ coreplus. Also not that print status error messages don't mean
+ printing won't work. The print status is received by a different
+ mechanism.
+
+ 2.8. My programs install on the server OK, but refuse to work prop-
+ erly
+
+ There are numerous possible reasons for this, but one MAJOR
+ possibility is that your software uses locking. Make sure you are
+ using Samba 1.6.11 or later. It may also be possible to work around
+ the problem by setting "locking=no" in the Samba configuration file
+ for the service the software is installed on. This should be regarded
+ as a strictly temporary solution.
+
+ In earlier Samba versions there were some difficulties with the very
+ latest Microsoft products, particularly Excel 5 and Word for Windows
+ 6. These should have all been solved. If not then please let Andrew
+ Tridgell know.
+
+ 2.9. My "server string" doesn't seem to be recognised
+
+ my client reports the default setting, eg. "Samba 1.9.15p4", instead
+ of what I have changed it to in the smb.conf file.
+
+ You need to use the -C option in nmbd. The "server string" affects
+ what smbd puts out and -C affects what nmbd puts out. In a future
+ version these will probably be combined and -C will be removed, but
+ for now use -C
+
+ 2.10. resources" My client reports "This server is not configured to
+ list shared
+
+ Your guest account is probably invalid for some reason. Samba uses the
+ guest account for browsing in smbd. Check that your guest account is
+ valid.
+
+ See also 'guest account' in smb.conf man page.
+
+ 2.11. Log message "you appear to have a trapdoor uid system"
+
+ This can have several causes. It might be because you are using a uid
+ or gid of 65535 or -1. This is a VERY bad idea, and is a big security
+ hole. Check carefully in your /etc/passwd file and make sure that no
+ user has uid 65535 or -1. Especially check the "nobody" user, as many
+ broken systems are shipped with nobody setup with a uid of 65535.
+
+ It might also mean that your OS has a trapdoor uid/gid system :-)
+
+ This means that once a process changes effective uid from root to
+ another user it can't go back to root. Unfortunately Samba relies on
+ being able to change effective uid from root to non-root and back
+ again to implement its security policy. If your OS has a trapdoor uid
+ system this won't work, and several things in Samba may break. Less
+ things will break if you use user or server level security instead of
+ the default share level security, but you may still strike problems.
+
+ The problems don't give rise to any security holes, so don't panic,
+ but it does mean some of Samba's capabilities will be unavailable. In
+ particular you will not be able to connect to the Samba server as two
+ different uids at once. This may happen if you try to print as a
+ "guest" while accessing a share as a normal user. It may also affect
+ your ability to list the available shares as this is normally done as
+ the guest user.
+
+ Complain to your OS vendor and ask them to fix their system.
+
+ Note: the reason why 65535 is a VERY bad choice of uid and gid is that
+ it casts to -1 as a uid, and the setreuid() system call ignores (with
+ no error) uid changes to -1. This means any daemon attempting to run
+ as uid 65535 will actually run as root. This is not good!
+
+ 3. Common client questions
+
+ 3.1. Are any Macintosh clients for Samba
+
+ In Rob Newberry's words (rob@eats.com, Sun, 4 Dec 1994):
+
+ The answer is "No." Samba speaks SMB, the protocol used for Microsoft
+ networks. The Macintosh has ALWAYS spoken Appletalk. Even with
+ Microsoft "services for Macintosh", it has been a matter of making the
+ server speak Appletalk. It is the same for Novell Netware and the
+ Macintosh, although I believe Novell has (VERY LATE) released an
+ extension for the Mac to let it speak IPX.
+
+ In future Apple System Software, you may see support for other
+ protocols, such as SMB -- Applet is working on a new networking
+ architecture that will --> -- make it easier to support additional
+ protocols. But it's not here yet.
+
+ Now, the nice part is that if you want your Unix machine to speak
+ Appletalk, there are several options. "Netatalk" and "CAP" are free,
+ and available on the net. There are also several commercial options,
+ such as "PacerShare" and "Helios" (I think). In any case, you'll have
+ to look around for a server, not anything for the Mac.
+
+ Depending on you OS, some of these may not help you. I am currently
+ coordinating the effort to get CAP working with Native Ethertalk under
+ Linux, but we're not done yet.
+
+ 3.2. Session request failed (131,130)" error
+
+ The following answer is provided by John E. Miller:
+
+ I'll assume that you're able to ping back and forth between the
+ machines by IP address and name, and that you're using some security
+ model where you're confident that you've got user IDs and passwords
+ right. The logging options (-d3 or greater) can help a lot with that.
+ DNS and WINS configuration can also impact connectivity as well.
+
+ Now, on to 'scope id's. Somewhere in your Win95 TCP/IP network
+ configuration (I'm too much of an NT bigot to know where it's located
+ in the Win95 setup, but I'll have to learn someday since I teach for a
+ Microsoft Solution Provider Authorized Tech Education Center - what an
+ acronym...) Note: It's under Control Panel | Network | TCP/IP | WINS
+ Configuration there's a little text entry field called something like
+
+ This field essentially creates 'invisible' sub-workgroups on the same
+ wire. Boxes can only see other boxes whose Scope IDs are set to the
+ exact same value - it's sometimes used by OEMs to configure their
+ boxes to browse only other boxes from the same vendor and, in most
+ environments, this field should be left blank. If you, in fact, have
+ something in this box that EXACT value (case-sensitive!) needs to be
+ provided to smbclient and nmbd as the -i (lowercase) parameter. So, if
+ your Scope ID is configured as the string 'SomeStr' in Win95 then
+ you'd have to use smbclient -iSomeStr otherparms in connecting to it.
+
+ 3.3. How do I synchronise my PC's clock with my Samba server?
+
+ To syncronize your PC's clock with your Samba server:
+
+ * Copy timesync.pif to your windows directory * timesync.pif can be
+ found at:
+ http://samba.canberra.edu.au/pub/samba/binaries/miscellaneous/timesync.pif
+ * Add timesync.pif to your 'Start Up' group/folder * Open the
+ properties dialog box for the program/icon * Make sure the 'Run
+ Minimized' option is set in program * Change the command line section
+ that reads \sambahost to reflect the name of your server. * Close the
+ properties dialog box by choosing 'OK'
+
+ Each time you start your computer (or login for Win95) your PC will
+ synchronize it's clock with your Samba server.
+
+ 3.4. Problems with WinDD, NTrigue, WinCenterPro etc
+
+ All of the above programs are applications that sit on an NT box and
+ allow multiple users to access the NT GUI applications from remote
+ workstations (often over X).
+
+ What has this got to do with Samba? The problem comes when these users
+ use filemanager to mount shares from a Samba server. The most common
+ symptom is that the first user to connect get correct file permissions
+ and has a nice day, but subsequent connections get logged in as the
+ same user as the first person to login. They find that they cannot
+ access files in their own home directory, but that they can access
+ files in the first users home directory (maybe not such a nice day
+ after all?)
+
+ Why does this happen? The above products all share a common heritage
+ (and code base I believe). They all open just a single TCP based SMB
+ connection to the Samba server, and requests from all users are piped
+ over this connection. This is unfortunate, but not fatal.
+
+ It means that if you run your Samba server in share level security
+ (the default) then things will definately break as described above.
+ The share level SMB security model has no provision for multiple user
+ IDs on the one SMB connection. See security_level.txt in the docs for
+ more info on share/user/server level security.
+
+ If you run in user or server level security then you have a chance,
+ but only if you have a recent version of Samba (at least 1.9.15p6). In
+ older versions bugs in Samba meant you still would have had problems.
+
+ If you have a trapdoor uid system in your OS then it will never work
+ properly. Samba needs to be able to switch uids on the connection and
+ it can't if your OS has a trapdoor uid system. You'll know this
+ because Samba will note it in your logs.
+
+ Also note that you should not use the magic "homes" share name with
+ products like these, as otherwise all users will end up with the same
+ home directory. Use \serversername instead.
+
+ 3.5. Problem with printers under NT
+
+ This info from Stefan Hergeth hergeth@f7axp1.informatik.fh-muenchen.de
+ may be useful:
+
+ A network-printer (with ethernetcard) is connected to the NT-Clients
+ via our UNIX-Fileserver (SAMBA-Server), like the configuration told by
+ Matthew Harrell harrell@leech.nrl.navy.mil (see WinNT.txt)
+
+ 1.) If a user has choosen this printer as the default printer in his
+ NT-Session and this printer is not connected to the network (e.g.
+ switched off) than this user has a problem with the SAMBA- connection
+ of his filesystems. It's very slow.
+
+ 2.) If the printer is connected to the network everything works fine.
+
+ 3.) When the smbd ist started with debug level 3, you can see that the
+ NT spooling system try to connect to the printer many times. If the
+ printer ist not connected to the network this request fails and the NT
+ spooler is wasting a lot of time to connect to the printer service.
+ This seems to be the reason for the slow network connection.
+
+ 4.) Maybe it's possible to change this behaviour by setting different
+ printer properties in the Print-Manager-Menu of NT, but i didn't try
+ it yet.
+
+ 3.6. Why are my file's timestamps off by an hour, or by a few hours?
+
+ This is from Paul Eggert eggert@twinsun.com.
+
+ Most likely it's a problem with your time zone settings.
+
+ Internally, Samba maintains time in traditional Unix format, namely,
+ the number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Universal Time (or
+ ``GMT''), not counting leap seconds.
+
+ On the server side, Samba uses the Unix TZ variable to convert
+ internal timestamps to and from local time. So on the server side,
+ there are two things to get right.
+
+ 1. The Unix system clock must have the correct Universal time. Use
+ the shell command "sh -c 'TZ=UTC0 date'" to check this.
+
+ 2. The TZ environment variable must be set on the server before Samba
+ is invoked. The details of this depend on the server OS, but
+ typically you must edit a file whose name is /etc/TIMEZONE or
+ /etc/default/init, or run the command `zic -l'.
+
+ 3. TZ must have the correct value.
+
+ 3a. If possible, use geographical time zone settings (e.g.
+ TZ='America/Los_Angeles' or perhaps TZ=':US/Pacific'). These are
+ supported by most popular Unix OSes, are easier to get right, and are
+ more accurate for historical timestamps. If your operating system has
+ out-of-date tables, you should be able to update them from the public
+ domain time zone tables at URL:ftp://elsie.nci.nih.gov/pub/.
+
+ 3b. If your system does not support geographical time zone settings,
+ you must use a Posix-style TZ strings, e.g.
+ TZ='PST8PDT,M4.1.0/2,M10.5.0/2' for US Pacific time. Posix TZ strings
+ can take the following form (with optional items in brackets):
+
+ StdOffsetDst[Offset,Date/Time,Date/Time]
+
+ where:
+
+ `Std' is the standard time designation (e.g. `PST').
+
+ `Offset' is the number of hours behind UTC (e.g. `8'). Prepend a `-'
+ if you are ahead of UTC, and append `:30' if you are at a half-hour
+ offset. Omit all the remaining items if you do not use daylight-
+ saving time.
+
+ `Dst' is the daylight-saving time designation (e.g. `PDT').
+
+ The optional second `Offset' is the number of hours that daylight-
+ saving time is behind UTC. The default is 1 hour ahead of standard
+ time.
+ `Date/Time,Date/Time' specify when daylight-saving time starts and
+ ends. The format for a date is `Mm.n.d', which specifies the dth day
+ (0 is Sunday) of the nth week of the mth month, where week 5 means the
+ last such day in the month. The format for a time is hh:mm[:ss],
+ using a 24-hour clock.
+
+ Other Posix string formats are allowed but you don't want to know
+ about them.
+
+ On the client side, you must make sure that your client's clock and
+ time zone is also set appropriately. [I don't know how to do this.]
+ Samba traditionally has had many problems dealing with time zones, due
+ to the bizarre ways that Microsoft network protocols handle time
+ zones. A common symptom is for file timestamps to be off by an hour.
+ To work around the problem, try disconnecting from your Samba server
+ and then reconnecting to it; or upgrade your Samba server to
+ 1.9.16alpha10 or later.
+
+ 3.7. How do I set the printer driver name correctly?
+
+ Question: > On NT, I opened "Printer Manager" and "Connect to
+ Printer". > Enter "\ptdi270s1"
+ in the box of printer. I got the > following error message: > >
+ You do not have sufficient access to your machine > to connect to
+ the selected printer, since a driver > needs to be installed
+ locally.
+
+ Answer:
+
+ In the more recent versions of Samba you can now set the "printer
+ driver" in smb.conf. This tells the client what driver to use. For
+ example, I have:
+
+ printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L
+
+ and NT knows to use the right driver. You have to get this string
+ exactly right.
+
+ To find the exact string to use, you need to get to the dialog box in
+ your client where you select which printer driver to install. The
+ correct strings for all the different printers are shown in a listbox
+ in that dialog box.
+
+ You could also try setting the driver to NULL like this:
+
+ printer driver = NULL
+
+ this is effectively what older versions of Samba did, so if that
+ worked for you then give it a go. If this does work then let me know
+ and I'll make it the default. Currently the default is a 0 length
+ string.
+
+ 4. Specific client application problems
+
+ 4.1. MS Office Setup reports "Cannot change properties of "MSOF-
+ FICEUP.INI"
+
+ When installing MS Office on a Samba drive for which you have admin
+ user permissions, ie. admin users = username, you will find the setup
+ program unable to complete the installation.
+
+ To get around this problem, do the installation without admin user
+ permissions The problem is that MS Office Setup checks that a file is
+ rdonly by trying to open it for writing.
+
+ Admin users can always open a file for writing, as they run as root.
+ You just have to install as a non-admin user and then use "chown -R"
+ to fix the owner.
+
+ 5. Miscellaneous
+