summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html')
-rw-r--r--docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html222
1 files changed, 222 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html b/docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..358321dac2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/htmldocs/InterdomainTrusts.html
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter 15. Securing Samba"><link rel="next" href="msdfs.html" title="Chapter 17. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="securing-samba.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="msdfs.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="InterdomainTrusts"></a>Chapter 16. Interdomain Trust Relationships</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Rafal</span> <span class="surname">Szczesniak</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org">mimir@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Jelmer</span> <span class="othername">R.</span> <span class="surname">Vernooij</span></h3><span class="contrib">drawing</span><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Stephen</span> <span class="surname">Langasek</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt class="email">&lt;<a href="mailto:vorlon@netexpress.net">vorlon@netexpress.net</a>&gt;</tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919130">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919159">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919243">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919270">Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919342">Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919402">Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919600">Configuring Samba NT-Style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#samba-trusted-domain">Samba as the Trusted Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919809">Samba as the Trusting Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2919952">NT4-Style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2920058">Common Errors</a></dt></dl></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919104"></a>
+Samba-3 supports NT4-style domain trust relationships. This is a feature that many sites
+will want to use if they migrate to Samba-3 from an NT4-style domain and do not want to
+adopt Active Directory or an LDAP-based authentication backend. This section explains
+some background information regarding trust relationships and how to create them. It is now
+possible for Samba-3 to trust NT4 (and vice versa), as well as to create Samba-to-Samba
+trusts.
+</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2919130"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Samba-3 can participate in Samba-to-Samba as well as in Samba-to-MS Windows NT4-style
+trust relationships. This imparts to Samba similar scalability as with MS Windows NT4.
+</p><p>
+Given that Samba-3 has the capability to function with a scalable backend authentication
+database such as LDAP, and given its ability to run in Primary as well as Backup Domain Control
+modes, the administrator would be well advised to consider alternatives to the use of
+Interdomain trusts simply because by the very nature of how this works it is fragile.
+That was, after all, a key reason for the development and adoption of Microsoft Active Directory.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2919159"></a>Trust Relationship Background</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+MS Windows NT3/4 type security domains employ a non-hierarchical security structure.
+The limitations of this architecture as it effects the scalability of MS Windows networking
+in large organizations is well known. Additionally, the flat namespace that results from
+this design significantly impacts the delegation of administrative responsibilities in
+large and diverse organizations.
+</p><p>
+Microsoft developed Active Directory Service (ADS), based on Kerberos and LDAP, as a means
+of circumventing the limitations of the older technologies. Not every organization is ready
+or willing to embrace ADS. For small companies the older NT4-style domain security paradigm
+is quite adequate, there remains an entrenched user base for whom there is no direct
+desire to go through a disruptive change to adopt ADS.
+</p><p>
+With MS Windows NT, Microsoft introduced the ability to allow differing security domains
+to effect a mechanism so users from one domain may be given access rights and privileges
+in another domain. The language that describes this capability is couched in terms of
+<span class="emphasis"><em>Trusts</em></span>. Specifically, one domain will <span class="emphasis"><em>trust</em></span> the users
+from another domain. The domain from which users are available to another security domain is
+said to be a trusted domain. The domain in which those users have assigned rights and privileges
+is the trusting domain. With NT3.x/4.0 all trust relationships are always in one direction only,
+thus if users in both domains are to have privileges and rights in each others' domain, then it is
+necessary to establish two relationships, one in each direction.
+</p><p>
+In an NT4-style MS security domain, all trusts are non-transitive. This means that if there
+are three domains (let's call them RED, WHITE and BLUE) where RED and WHITE have a trust
+relationship, and WHITE and BLUE have a trust relationship, then it holds that there is no
+implied trust between the RED and BLUE domains. Relationships are explicit and not
+transitive.
+</p><p>
+New to MS Windows 2000 ADS security contexts is the fact that trust relationships are two-way
+by default. Also, all inter-ADS domain trusts are transitive. In the case of the RED, WHITE and BLUE
+domains above, with Windows 2000 and ADS the RED and BLUE domains can trust each other. This is
+an inherent feature of ADS domains. Samba-3 implements MS Windows NT4-style Interdomain trusts
+and interoperates with MS Windows 200x ADS security domains in similar manner to MS Windows NT4-style domains.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2919243"></a>Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+There are two steps to creating an interdomain trust relationship. To effect a two-way trust
+relationship, it is necessary for each domain administrator to create a trust account for the
+other domain to use in verifying security credentials.
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919259"></a>
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919270"></a>Creating an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+For MS Windows NT4, all domain trust relationships are configured using the
+<span class="application">Domain User Manager</span>. This is done from the Domain User Manager Policies
+entry on the menu bar. From the <span class="guimenu">Policy</span> menu, select
+<span class="guimenuitem">Trust Relationships</span>. Next to the lower box labeled
+<span class="guilabel">Permitted to Trust this Domain</span> are two buttons, <span class="guibutton">Add</span>
+and <span class="guibutton">Remove</span>. The <span class="guibutton">Add</span> button will open a panel in which
+to enter the name of the remote domain that will be able to assign access rights to users in
+your domain. You will also need to enter a password for this trust relationship, which the
+trusting domain will use when authenticating users from the trusted domain.
+The password needs to be typed twice (for standard confirmation).
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919342"></a>Completing an NT4 Domain Trust</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919354"></a>
+A trust relationship will work only when the other (trusting) domain makes the appropriate connections
+with the trusted domain. To consummate the trust relationship, the administrator will launch the
+Domain User Manager from the menu select <span class="guilabel">Policies</span>, then select
+<span class="guilabel">Trust Relationships</span>, click on the <span class="guibutton">Add</span> button
+next to the box that is labeled <span class="guilabel">Trusted Domains</span>. A panel will open in which
+must be entered the name of the remote domain as well as the password assigned to that trust.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919402"></a>Inter-Domain Trust Facilities</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919413"></a>
+A two-way trust relationship is created when two one-way trusts are created, one in each direction.
+Where a one-way trust has been established between two MS Windows NT4 domains (let's call them
+DomA and DomB), the following facilities are created:
+</p><div class="figure"><a name="trusts1"></a><p class="title"><b>Figure 16.1. Trusts overview.</b></p><div class="mediaobject"><img src="projdoc/imagefiles/trusts1.png" width="270" alt="Trusts overview."></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
+ DomA (completes the trust connection) <i class="parameter"><tt>Trusts</tt></i> DomB.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ DomA is the <i class="parameter"><tt>Trusting</tt></i> domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ DomB is the <i class="parameter"><tt>Trusted</tt></i> domain (originates the trust account).
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Users in DomB can access resources in DomA.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Users in DomA cannot access resources in DomB.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Global groups from DomB can be used in DomA.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Global groups from DomA cannot be used in DomB.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ DomB does appear in the logon dialog box on client workstations in DomA.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ DomA does not appear in the logon dialog box on client workstations in DomB.
+ </p></li></ul></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
+ Users/Groups in a trusting domain cannot be granted rights, permissions or access
+ to a trusted domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ The trusting domain can access and use accounts (Users/Global Groups) in the
+ trusted domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Administrators of the trusted domain can be granted admininstrative rights in the
+ trusting domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Users in a trusted domain can be given rights and privileges in the trusting
+ domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Trusted domain Global Groups can be given rights and permissions in the trusting
+ domain.
+ </p></li><li><p>
+ Global Groups from the trusted domain can be made members in Local Groups on
+ MS Windows Domain Member machines.
+ </p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2919600"></a>Configuring Samba NT-Style Domain Trusts</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+This description is meant to be a fairly short introduction about how to set up a Samba server so
+that it can participate in interdomain trust relationships. Trust relationship support in Samba
+is at an early stage, so do not be surprised if something does not function as it should.
+</p><p>
+Each of the procedures described below assumes the peer domain in the trust relationship is
+controlled by a Windows NT4 server. However, the remote end could just as well be another
+Samba-3 domain. It can be clearly seen, after reading this document, that combining
+Samba-specific parts of what's written below leads to trust between domains in a purely Samba
+environment.
+</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="samba-trusted-domain"></a>Samba as the Trusted Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+In order to set the Samba PDC to be the trusted party of the relationship, you first need
+to create a special account for the domain that will be the trusting party. To do that,
+you can use the <b class="command">smbpasswd</b> utility. Creating the trusted domain account is
+similar to creating a trusted machine account. Suppose, your domain is
+called SAMBA, and the remote domain is called RUMBA. The first step
+will be to issue this command from your favorite shell:
+</p><p>
+</p><pre class="screen">
+<tt class="prompt">root# </tt> <b class="userinput"><tt>smbpasswd -a -i rumba</tt></b>
+New SMB password: <b class="userinput"><tt>XXXXXXXX</tt></b>
+Retype SMB password: <b class="userinput"><tt>XXXXXXXX</tt></b>
+Added user rumba$
+</pre><p>
+
+where <tt class="option">-a</tt> means to add a new account into the
+passdb database and <tt class="option">-i</tt> means: &#8220;<span class="quote">create this
+account with the InterDomain trust flag</span>&#8221;.
+</p><p>
+The account name will be &#8220;<span class="quote">rumba$</span>&#8221; (the name of the remote domain).
+</p><p>
+After issuing this command, you will be asked to enter the password for
+the account. You can use any password you want, but be aware that Windows NT will
+not change this password until seven days following account creation.
+After the command returns successfully, you can look at the entry for the new account
+(in the standard way as appropriate for your configuration) and see that account's name is
+really RUMBA$ and it has the &#8220;<span class="quote">I</span>&#8221; flag set in the flags field. Now you are ready to confirm
+the trust by establishing it from Windows NT Server.
+</p><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919744"></a>
+Open <span class="application">User Manager for Domains</span> and from the
+<span class="guimenu">Policies</span> menu, select <span class="guimenuitem">Trust Relationships...</span>.
+Beside the <span class="guilabel">Trusted domains</span> list box click the
+<span class="guimenu">Add...</span> button. You will be prompted for
+the trusted domain name and the relationship password. Type in SAMBA, as this is
+the name of the remote domain and the password used at the time of account creation.
+Click on <span class="guibutton">OK</span> and, if everything went without incident, you will see
+the <tt class="computeroutput">Trusted domain relationship successfully
+established</tt> message.
+</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2919809"></a>Samba as the Trusting Domain</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+This time activities are somewhat reversed. Again, we'll assume that your domain
+controlled by the Samba PDC is called SAMBA and the NT-controlled domain is called RUMBA.
+</p><p>
+The very first step is to add an account for the SAMBA domain on RUMBA's PDC.
+</p><p>
+<a class="indexterm" name="id2919833"></a>
+Launch the <span class="application">Domain User Manager</span>, then from the menu select
+<span class="guimenu">Policies</span>, <span class="guimenuitem">Trust Relationships</span>.
+Now, next to the <span class="guilabel">Trusted Domains</span> box press the <span class="guibutton">Add</span>
+button and type in the name of the trusted domain (SAMBA) and the password to use in securing
+the relationship.
+</p><p>
+The password can be arbitrarily chosen. It is easy to change the password
+from the Samba server whenever you want. After confirming the password your account is
+ready for use. Now its Samba's turn.
+</p><p>
+Using your favorite shell while being logged in as root, issue this command:
+</p><p>
+<tt class="prompt">root# </tt><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc trustdom establish rumba</tt></b>
+</p><p>
+You will be prompted for the password you just typed on your Windows NT4 Server box.
+An error message <span class="errorname">`NT_STATUS_NOLOGON_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_ACCOUNT'</span>
+that may be reported periodically is of no concern and may safely be ignored.
+It means the password you gave is correct and the NT4 Server says the account is ready for
+interdomain connection and not for ordinary connection. After that, be patient;
+it can take a while (especially in large networks), but eventually you should see
+the <tt class="computeroutput">Success</tt> message. Congratulations! Your trust
+relationship has just been established.
+</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>
+You have to run this command as root because you must have write access to
+the <tt class="filename">secrets.tdb</tt> file.
+</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2919952"></a>NT4-Style Domain Trusts with Windows 2000</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Although <span class="application">Domain User Manager</span> is not present in Windows 2000, it is
+also possible to establish an NT4-style trust relationship with a Windows 2000 domain
+controller running in mixed mode as the trusting server. It should also be possible for
+Samba to trust a Windows 2000 server, however, more testing is still needed in this area.
+</p><p>
+After <link linkend="samba-trusted-domain"> as described above, open <span class="application">Active Directory Domains and
+Trusts</span> on the AD controller of the domain whose resources you wish Samba users
+to have access to. Remember that since NT4-style trusts are not transitive, if you want
+your users to have access to multiple mixed-mode domains in your AD forest, you will need to
+repeat this process for each of those domains. With <span class="application">Active Directory Domains
+and Trusts</span> open, right-click on the name of the Active Directory domain that
+will trust our Samba domain and choose <span class="guimenuitem">Properties</span>, then click on
+the <span class="guilabel">Trusts</span> tab. In the upper part of the panel, you will see a list box
+labeled <span class="guilabel">Domains trusted by this domain:</span>, and an
+<span class="guilabel">Add...</span> button next to it. Press this button and just as with NT4, you
+will be prompted for the trusted domain name and the relationship password. Press OK and
+after a moment, Active Directory will respond with <tt class="computeroutput">The trusted domain has
+been added and the trust has been verified.</tt> Your Samba users can now be
+granted acess to resources in the AD domain.
+</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2920058"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p>
+Interdomain trust relationships should not be attempted on networks that are unstable
+or that suffer regular outages. Network stability and integrity are key concerns with
+distributed trusted domains.
+</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="securing-samba.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="msdfs.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 15. Securing Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 17. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</td></tr></table></div></body></html>