summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html')
-rw-r--r--docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html2284
1 files changed, 2284 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ae4f545800
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html
@@ -0,0 +1,2284 @@
+<HTML
+><HEAD
+><TITLE
+>How to Configure Samba 2.2 as a Primary Domain Controller</TITLE
+><META
+NAME="GENERATOR"
+CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.57"></HEAD
+><BODY
+CLASS="ARTICLE"
+BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
+TEXT="#000000"
+LINK="#0000FF"
+VLINK="#840084"
+ALINK="#0000FF"
+><DIV
+CLASS="ARTICLE"
+><DIV
+CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
+><H1
+CLASS="TITLE"
+><A
+NAME="SAMBA-PDC"
+>How to Configure Samba 2.2 as a Primary Domain Controller</A
+></H1
+><HR></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN3"
+>Prerequisite Reading</A
+></H1
+><P
+>Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure
+that you are comfortable with configuring basic files services
+in smb.conf and how to enable and administer password
+encryption in Samba. Theses two topics are covered in the
+<A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smb.conf(5)</TT
+></A
+>
+manpage and the <A
+HREF="ENCRYPTION.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+>Encryption chapter</A
+>
+of this HOWTO Collection.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN9"
+>Background</A
+></H1
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+><I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Author's Note:</I
+> This document is a combination
+of David Bannon's "Samba 2.2 PDC HOWTO" and "Samba NT Domain FAQ".
+Both documents are superseded by this one.</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+><P
+>Versions of Samba prior to release 2.2 had marginal capabilities to act
+as a Windows NT 4.0 Primary Domain Controller
+
+(PDC). With Samba 2.2.0, we are proud to announce official support for
+Windows NT 4.0-style domain logons from Windows NT 4.0 and Windows
+2000 clients. This article outlines the steps
+necessary for configuring Samba as a PDC. It is necessary to have a
+working Samba server prior to implementing the PDC functionality. If
+you have not followed the steps outlined in <A
+HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+> UNIX_INSTALL.html</A
+>, please make sure
+that your server is configured correctly before proceeding. Another
+good resource in the <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+>smb.conf(5) man
+page</A
+>. The following functionality should work in 2.2:</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> domain logons for Windows NT 4.0/2000 clients.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> placing a Windows 9x client in user level security
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to
+ Windows 9x/NT/2000 clients
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> roving (roaming) user profiles
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Windows NT 4.0-style system policies
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+>The following pieces of functionality are not included in the 2.2 release:</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> Windows NT 4 domain trusts
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> SAM replication with Windows NT 4.0 Domain Controllers
+ (i.e. a Samba PDC and a Windows NT BDC or vice versa)
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Adding users via the User Manager for Domains
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Acting as a Windows 2000 Domain Controller (i.e. Kerberos and
+ Active Directory)
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+>Please note that Windows 9x clients are not true members of a domain
+for reasons outlined in this article. Therefore the protocol for
+support Windows 9x-style domain logons is completely different
+from NT4 domain logons and has been officially supported for some
+time.</P
+><P
+>Implementing a Samba PDC can basically be divided into 2 broad
+steps.</P
+><P
+></P
+><OL
+TYPE="1"
+><LI
+><P
+> Configuring the Samba PDC
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Creating machine trust accounts and joining clients
+ to the domain
+ </P
+></LI
+></OL
+><P
+>There are other minor details such as user profiles, system
+policies, etc... However, these are not necessarily specific
+to a Samba PDC as much as they are related to Windows NT networking
+concepts. They will be mentioned only briefly here.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN48"
+>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</A
+></H1
+><P
+>The first step in creating a working Samba PDC is to
+understand the parameters necessary in smb.conf. I will not
+attempt to re-explain the parameters here as they are more that
+adequately covered in <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+> the smb.conf
+man page</A
+>. For convenience, the parameters have been
+linked with the actual smb.conf description.</P
+><P
+>Here is an example <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smb.conf</TT
+> for acting as a PDC:</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>[global]
+ ; Basic server settings
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NETBIOSNAME"
+TARGET="_top"
+>netbios name</A
+> = <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>POGO</I
+></TT
+>
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP"
+TARGET="_top"
+>workgroup</A
+> = <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>NARNIA</I
+></TT
+>
+
+ ; we should act as the domain and local master browser
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#OSLEVEL"
+TARGET="_top"
+>os level</A
+> = 64
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PERFERREDMASTER"
+TARGET="_top"
+>preferred master</A
+> = yes
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINMASTER"
+TARGET="_top"
+>domain master</A
+> = yes
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER"
+TARGET="_top"
+>local master</A
+> = yes
+
+ ; security settings (must user security = user)
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSUSER"
+TARGET="_top"
+>security</A
+> = user
+
+ ; encrypted passwords are a requirement for a PDC
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"
+TARGET="_top"
+>encrypt passwords</A
+> = yes
+
+ ; support domain logons
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINLOGONS"
+TARGET="_top"
+>domain logons</A
+> = yes
+
+ ; where to store user profiles?
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONPATH"
+TARGET="_top"
+>logon path</A
+> = \\%N\profiles\%u
+
+ ; where is a user's home directory and where should it
+ ; be mounted at?
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONDRIVE"
+TARGET="_top"
+>logon drive</A
+> = H:
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONHOME"
+TARGET="_top"
+>logon home</A
+> = \\homeserver\%u
+
+ ; specify a generic logon script for all users
+ ; this is a relative **DOS** path to the [netlogon] share
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONSCRIPT"
+TARGET="_top"
+>logon script</A
+> = logon.cmd
+
+; necessary share for domain controller
+[netlogon]
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PATH"
+TARGET="_top"
+>path</A
+> = /usr/local/samba/lib/netlogon
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY"
+TARGET="_top"
+>read only</A
+> = yes
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST"
+TARGET="_top"
+>write list</A
+> = <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>ntadmin</I
+></TT
+>
+
+; share for storing user profiles
+[profiles]
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PATH"
+TARGET="_top"
+>path</A
+> = /export/smb/ntprofile
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY"
+TARGET="_top"
+>read only</A
+> = no
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK"
+TARGET="_top"
+>create mask</A
+> = 0600
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DIRECTORYMASK"
+TARGET="_top"
+>directory mask</A
+> = 0700</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>There are a couple of points to emphasize in the above configuration.</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> Encrypted passwords must be enabled. For more details on how
+ to do this, refer to <A
+HREF="ENCRYPTION.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+>ENCRYPTION.html</A
+>.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The server must support domain logons and a
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>[netlogon]</TT
+> share
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The server must be the domain master browser in order for Windows
+ client to locate the server as a DC. Please refer to the various
+ Network Browsing documentation included with this distribution for
+ details.
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+>As Samba 2.2 does not offer a complete implementation of group mapping
+between Windows NT groups and Unix groups (this is really quite
+complicated to explain in a short space), you should refer to the
+<A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINADMINGROUP"
+TARGET="_top"
+>domain admin
+group</A
+> smb.conf parameter for information of creating "Domain
+Admins" style accounts.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN91"
+>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the
+Domain</A
+></H1
+><P
+>A machine trust account is a Samba account that is used to
+authenticate a client machine (rather than a user) to the Samba
+server. In Windows terminology, this is known as a "Computer
+Account."</P
+><P
+>The password of a machine trust account acts as the shared secret for
+secure communication with the Domain Controller. This is a security
+feature to prevent an unauthorized machine with the same NetBIOS name
+from joining the domain and gaining access to domain user/group
+accounts. Windows NT and 2000 clients use machine trust accounts, but
+Windows 9x clients do not. Hence, a Windows 9x client is never a true
+member of a domain because it does not possess a machine trust
+account, and thus has no shared secret with the domain controller.</P
+><P
+>A Windows PDC stores each machine trust account in the Windows
+Registry. A Samba PDC, however, stores each machine trust account
+in two parts, as follows:
+
+<P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>A Samba account, stored in the same location as user
+ LanMan and NT password hashes (currently
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smbpasswd</TT
+>). The Samba account
+ possesses and uses only the NT password hash.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>A corresponding Unix account, typically stored in
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+>. (Future releases will alleviate the need to
+ create <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+> entries.) </P
+></LI
+></UL
+></P
+><P
+>There are two ways to create machine trust accounts:</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> Manual creation. Both the Samba and corresponding
+ Unix account are created by hand.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> "On-the-fly" creation. The Samba machine trust
+ account is automatically created by Samba at the time the client
+ is joined to the domain. (For security, this is the
+ recommended method.) The corresponding Unix account may be
+ created automatically or manually. </P
+></LI
+></UL
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><HR><H2
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><A
+NAME="AEN110"
+>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A
+></H2
+><P
+>The first step in manually creating a machine trust account is to
+manually create the corresponding Unix account in
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+>. This can be done using
+<B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>vipw</B
+> or other 'add user' command that is normally
+used to create new Unix accounts. The following is an example for a
+Linux based Samba server:</P
+><P
+> <TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>root# </TT
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>/usr/sbin/useradd -g 100 -d /dev/null -c <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>"machine
+nickname"</I
+></TT
+> -s /bin/false <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_name</I
+></TT
+>$ </B
+></P
+><P
+><TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>root# </TT
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>passwd -l <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_name</I
+></TT
+>$</B
+></P
+><P
+>The <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+> entry will list the machine name
+with a "$" appended, won't have a password, will have a null shell and no
+home directory. For example a machine named 'doppy' would have an
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+> entry like this:</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>doppy$:x:505:501:<TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_nickname</I
+></TT
+>:/dev/null:/bin/false</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>Above, <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_nickname</I
+></TT
+> can be any
+descriptive name for the client, i.e., BasementComputer.
+<TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_name</I
+></TT
+> absolutely must be the NetBIOS
+name of the client to be joined to the domain. The "$" must be
+appended to the NetBIOS name of the client or Samba will not recognize
+this as a machine trust account.</P
+><P
+>Now that the corresponding Unix account has been created, the next step is to create
+the Samba account for the client containing the well-known initial
+machine trust account password. This can be done using the <A
+HREF="smbpasswd.8.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>smbpasswd(8)</B
+></A
+> command
+as shown here:</P
+><P
+><TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>root# </TT
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>smbpasswd -a -m <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_name</I
+></TT
+></B
+></P
+><P
+>where <TT
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+><I
+>machine_name</I
+></TT
+> is the machine's NetBIOS
+name. The RID of the new machine account is generated from the UID of
+the corresponding Unix account.</P
+><DIV
+CLASS="WARNING"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="WARNING"
+BORDER="1"
+WIDTH="100%"
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+><B
+>Join the client to the domain immediately</B
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+><P
+> Manually creating a machine trust account using this method is the
+ equivalent of creating a machine trust account on a Windows NT PDC using
+ the "Server Manager". From the time at which the account is created
+ to the time which the client joins the domain and changes the password,
+ your domain is vulnerable to an intruder joining your domain using a
+ a machine with the same NetBIOS name. A PDC inherently trusts
+ members of the domain and will serve out a large degree of user
+ information to such clients. You have been warned!
+ </P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><HR><H2
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><A
+NAME="AEN145"
+>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A
+></H2
+><P
+>The second (and recommended) way of creating machine trust accounts is
+simply to allow the Samba server to create them as needed when the client
+is joined to the domain. </P
+><P
+>Since each Samba machine trust account requires a corresponding
+Unix account, a method for automatically creating the
+Unix account is usually supplied; this requires configuration of the
+<A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ADDUSERSCRIPT"
+TARGET="_top"
+>add user script</A
+>
+option in <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smb.conf</TT
+>. This
+method is not required, however; corresponding Unix accounts may also
+be created manually.</P
+><P
+>Below is an example for a RedHat 6.2 Linux system.</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>[global]
+ # &#60;...remainder of parameters...&#62;
+ add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u </PRE
+></P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><HR><H2
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><A
+NAME="AEN154"
+>Joining the Client to the Domain</A
+></H2
+><P
+>The procedure for joining a client to the domain varies with the
+version of Windows.</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+><I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Windows 2000</I
+></P
+><P
+> When the user elects to join the client to a domain, Windows prompts for
+ an account and password that is privileged to join the domain. A
+ Samba administrative account (i.e., a Samba account that has root
+ privileges on the Samba server) must be entered here; the
+ operation will fail if an ordinary user account is given.
+ The password for this account should be
+ set to a different password than the associated
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+> entry, for security
+ reasons. </P
+><P
+>The session key of the Samba administrative account acts as an
+ encryption key for setting the password of the machine trust
+ account. The machine trust account will be created on-the-fly, or
+ updated if it already exists.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+><I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Windows NT</I
+></P
+><P
+> If the machine trust account was created manually, on the
+ Identification Changes menu enter the domain name, but do not
+ check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In this case,
+ the existing machine trust account is used to join the machine to
+ the domain.</P
+><P
+> If the machine trust account is to be created
+ on-the-fly, on the Identification Changes menu enter the domain
+ name, and check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In
+ this case, joining the domain proceeds as above for Windows 2000
+ (i.e., you must supply a Samba administrative account when
+ prompted).</P
+></LI
+></UL
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN169"
+>Common Problems and Errors</A
+></H1
+><P
+></P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> A 'machine name' in (typically) <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+>
+ of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD
+ systems?) won't create a user with a '$' in their name.
+ </P
+><P
+> The problem is only in the program used to make the entry, once
+ made, it works perfectly. So create a user without the '$' and
+ use <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>vipw</B
+> to edit the entry, adding the '$'. Or create
+ the whole entry with vipw if you like, make sure you use a
+ unique User ID !
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...."
+ or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an
+ existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> This happens if you try to create a machine trust account from the
+ machine itself and already have a connection (e.g. mapped drive)
+ to a share (or IPC$) on the Samba PDC. The following command
+ will remove all network drive connections:
+ </P
+><P
+> <TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>C:\WINNT\&#62;</TT
+> <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>net use * /d</B
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> Further, if the machine is a already a 'member of a workgroup' that
+ is the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will
+ get this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it
+ does not matter what, reboot, and try again.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading
+ to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system
+ can not log you on (C000019B), Please try a gain or consult your
+ system administrator" when attempting to logon.
+ </P
+><P
+> This occurs when the domain SID stored in
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>private/WORKGROUP.SID</TT
+> is
+ changed. For example, you remove the file and <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>smbd</B
+> automatically
+ creates a new one. Or you are swapping back and forth between
+ versions 2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch code (not recommended). The
+ only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain
+ SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>The machine trust account for this computer either does not
+ exist or is not accessible.</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account
+ for this computer either does not exist or is not accessible". What's
+ wrong?
+ </P
+><P
+> This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine trust account.
+ If you are using the <TT
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+><I
+>add user script</I
+></TT
+> method to create
+ accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain
+ admin user system is working.
+ </P
+><P
+> Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they
+ have not been created correctly. Make sure that you have the entry
+ correct for the machine trust account in smbpasswd file on the Samba PDC.
+ If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd
+ utility, make sure that the account name is the machine NetBIOS name
+ with a '$' appended to it ( i.e. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry
+ in both /etc/passwd and the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported
+ that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT
+ client have caused this problem. Make sure that these are consistent
+ for both client and server.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation,
+ I get a message about my account being disabled.</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> This problem is caused by a PAM related bug in Samba 2.2.0. This bug is
+ fixed in 2.2.1. Other symptoms could be unaccessible shares on
+ NT/W2K member servers in the domain or the following error in your smbd.log:
+ passdb/pampass.c:pam_account(268) PAM: UNKNOWN ERROR for User: %user%
+ </P
+><P
+> At first be ensure to enable the useraccounts with <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>smbpasswd -e
+ %user%</B
+>, this is normally done, when you create an account.
+ </P
+><P
+> In order to work around this problem in 2.2.0, configure the
+ <TT
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+><I
+>account</I
+></TT
+> control flag in
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/pam.d/samba</TT
+> file as follows:
+ </P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+> account required pam_permit.so
+ </PRE
+></P
+><P
+> If you want to remain backward compatibility to samba 2.0.x use
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_permit.so</TT
+>, it's also possible to use
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_pwdb.so</TT
+>. There are some bugs if you try to
+ use <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_unix.so</TT
+>, if you need this, be ensure to use
+ the most recent version of this file.
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN217"
+>System Policies and Profiles</A
+></H1
+><P
+>Much of the information necessary to implement System Policies and
+Roving User Profiles in a Samba domain is the same as that for
+implementing these same items in a Windows NT 4.0 domain.
+You should read the white paper <A
+HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp"
+TARGET="_top"
+>Implementing
+Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0</A
+> available from Microsoft.</P
+><P
+>Here are some additional details:</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>What about Windows NT Policy Editor?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> To create or edit <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>ntconfig.pol</TT
+> you must use
+ the NT Server Policy Editor, <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>poledit.exe</B
+> which
+ is included with NT Server but <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>not NT Workstation</I
+>.
+ There is a Policy Editor on a NTws
+ but it is not suitable for creating <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Domain Policies</I
+>.
+ Further, although the Windows 95
+ Policy Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not
+ work with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy templates.
+ However, the files from the NT Server will run happily enough on an NTws.
+ You need <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>poledit.exe, common.adm</TT
+> and <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>winnt.adm</TT
+>. It is convenient
+ to put the two *.adm files in <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>c:\winnt\inf</TT
+> which is where
+ the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that
+ directory is 'hidden'.
+ </P
+><P
+> The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and
+ later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>servicepackname /x</B
+>,
+ i.e. that's <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</B
+> for service pack 6a. The policy editor,
+ <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>poledit.exe</B
+> and the associated template files (*.adm) should
+ be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template
+ files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible
+ location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Can Win95 do Policies?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group
+ policies. Look on the Win98 CD in <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</TT
+>.
+ Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>grouppol.inf</TT
+>. Log off and on again a couple of
+ times and see if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs
+ to be done on every Win9x machine that uses group policies....
+ </P
+><P
+> If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated
+ (read: working) grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed
+ from /etc/group.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get
+ the 'User Manager for Domains', the 'Server Manager'?
+ </P
+><P
+> Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for
+ installation on Windows 95 systems. The tools set includes
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>Server Manager</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>User Manager for Domains</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Event Viewer</P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+> Click here to download the archived file <A
+HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE"
+TARGET="_top"
+>ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</A
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for
+ Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp
+ from <A
+HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE"
+TARGET="_top"
+>ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</A
+>
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN261"
+>What other help can I get?</A
+></H1
+><P
+>There are many sources of information available in the form
+of mailing lists, RFC's and documentation. The docs that come
+with the samba distribution contain very good explanations of
+general SMB topics such as browsing.</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the domain logon
+ process and where can I find them?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself.
+ You can use the -d option for both smbd and nmbd to specify what
+ 'debug level' at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd and
+ smb.conf for more information on debugging options. The debug
+ level can range from 1 (the default) to 10 (100 for debugging passwords).
+ </P
+><P
+> Another helpful method of debugging is to compile samba using the
+ <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>gcc -g </B
+> flag. This will include debug
+ information in the binaries and allow you to attach gdb to the
+ running smbd / nmbd process. In order to attach gdb to an smbd
+ process for an NT workstation, first get the workstation to make the
+ connection. Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down to the domain box
+ is sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to
+ generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation
+ maintains an open connection, and therefore there will be an smbd
+ process running (assuming that you haven't set a really short smbd
+ idle timeout) So, in between pressing ctrl alt delete, and actually
+ typing in your password, you can gdb attach and continue.
+ </P
+><P
+> Some useful samba commands worth investigating:
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>testparam | more</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+> An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from
+ <A
+HREF="http://www.tcpdump.org/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://www.tcpdup.org/</A
+>.
+ Ethereal, another good packet sniffer for Unix and Win32
+ hosts, can be downloaded from <A
+HREF="http://www.ethereal.com/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://www.ethereal.com</A
+>.
+ </P
+><P
+> For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor
+ (aka. netmon) is available on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's,
+ the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's. The version of
+ netmon that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two
+ computers (i.e. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode).
+ The version on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring
+ of network traffic directed to the local NT box and broadcasts on the
+ local subnet. Be aware that Ethereal can read and write netmon
+ formatted files.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation
+ or a Windows 9x box?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple
+ of steps. The following are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes
+ with Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT
+ Workstation 4.0. The process should be similar for other version of
+ Windows NT / Netmon. You will need both the Microsoft Windows
+ NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD.
+ </P
+><P
+> Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent'
+ on the NT Server. To do this
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel -
+ Network - Services - Add </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and
+ click on 'OK'.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD
+ when prompted.</P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+> At this point the Netmon files should exist in
+ <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</TT
+>.
+ Two subdirectories exist as well, <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>parsers\</TT
+>
+ which contains the necessary DLL's for parsing the netmon packet
+ dump, and <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>captures\</TT
+>.
+ </P
+><P
+> In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will
+ first need to install the 'Network Monitor Agent' from the Workstation
+ install CD.
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel -
+ Network - Services - Add</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click
+ on 'OK'.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install
+ CD when prompted.</P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+> Now copy the files from the NT Server in %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*
+ to %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* on the Workstation and set
+ permissions as you deem appropriate for your site. You will need
+ administrative rights on the NT box to run netmon.
+ </P
+><P
+> To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent
+ from the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon). There is a readme
+ file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need
+ information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working
+ Netmon installation.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The following is a list if helpful URLs and other links:
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>Home of Samba site <A
+HREF="http://samba.org"
+TARGET="_top"
+> http://samba.org</A
+>. We have a mirror near you !</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Development</I
+> document
+ on the Samba mirrors might mention your problem. If so,
+ it might mean that the developers are working on it.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at
+ <A
+HREF="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+> http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</A
+>. </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, David Bannon will
+ keep the 2.0.7 PDC pages at <A
+HREF="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba"
+TARGET="_top"
+> http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</A
+> going for a while yet.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Misc links to CIFS information
+ <A
+HREF="http://samba.org/cifs/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://samba.org/cifs/</A
+></P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>NT Domains for Unix <A
+HREF="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/"
+TARGET="_top"
+> http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/</A
+></P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>FTP site for older SMB specs:
+ <A
+HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/"
+TARGET="_top"
+> ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</A
+></P
+></LI
+></UL
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>How do I get help from the mailing lists?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <A
+HREF="http://samba.org"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://samba.org</A
+>, click on your nearest mirror
+ and then click on <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>Support</B
+> and then click on <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+> Samba related mailing lists</B
+>.
+ </P
+><P
+> For questions relating to Samba TNG go to
+ <A
+HREF="http://www.samba-tng.org/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://www.samba-tng.org/</A
+>
+ It has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to the
+ main stream Samba lists.</P
+><P
+> If you post a message to one of the lists please observe the following guide lines :
+ </P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+> Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are
+ not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at
+ a particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Always mention what version of samba you are using and what
+ operating system its running under. You should probably list the
+ relevant sections of your smb.conf file, at least the options
+ in [global] that affect PDC support.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via
+ CVS mention the date when you last checked it out.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long,
+ convoluted questions get deleted before they are completely read !
+ Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font
+ size its html).</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> If you run one of those nifty 'I'm on holidays' things when
+ you are away, make sure its configured to not answer mailing lists.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to
+ and see what happens, i.e. don't post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical.
+ Many people active on the lists subscribe to more
+ than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times.
+ Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be better dealt
+ with on another, will forward it on for you.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>You might include <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>partial</I
+>
+ log files written at a debug level set to as much as 20.
+ Please don't send the entire log but enough to give the context of the
+ error messages.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>(Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening of
+ the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email.
+ Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba
+ mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your
+ smb.conf in their attach directory?</P
+></LI
+></UL
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>How do I get off the mailing lists?</I
+>
+ </P
+><P
+>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the
+ same place you went to to get on it. Go to <A
+HREF="http://lists.samba.org/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://lists.samba.org</A
+>,
+ click on your nearest mirror and then click on <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>Support</B
+> and
+ then click on <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+> Samba related mailing lists</B
+>. Or perhaps see
+ <A
+HREF="http://lists.samba.org/mailman/roster/samba-ntdom"
+TARGET="_top"
+>here</A
+>
+ </P
+><P
+> Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just
+ be referred to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...)
+ </P
+></LI
+></UL
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN375"
+>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</A
+></H1
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>The following section contains much of the original
+DOMAIN.txt file previously included with Samba. Much of
+the material is based on what went into the book <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>Special
+Edition, Using Samba</I
+>, by Richard Sharpe.</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+><P
+>A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same thing in terms of network
+browsing. The difference is that a distributable authentication
+database is associated with a domain, for secure login access to a
+network. Also, different access rights can be granted to users if they
+successfully authenticate against a domain logon server (NT server and
+other systems based on NT server support this, as does at least Samba TNG now).</P
+><P
+>The SMB client logging on to a domain has an expectation that every other
+server in the domain should accept the same authentication information.
+Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is
+identical and is explained in BROWSING.txt. It should be noted, that browsing
+is totally orthogonal to logon support.</P
+><P
+>Issues related to the single-logon network model are discussed in this
+section. Samba supports domain logons, network logon scripts, and user
+profiles for MS Windows for workgroups and MS Windows 9X/ME clients
+which will be the focus of this section.</P
+><P
+>When an SMB client in a domain wishes to logon it broadcast requests for a
+logon server. The first one to reply gets the job, and validates its
+password using whatever mechanism the Samba administrator has installed.
+It is possible (but very stupid) to create a domain where the user
+database is not shared between servers, i.e. they are effectively workgroup
+servers advertising themselves as participating in a domain. This
+demonstrates how authentication is quite different from but closely
+involved with domains.</P
+><P
+>Using these features you can make your clients verify their logon via
+the Samba server; make clients run a batch file when they logon to
+the network and download their preferences, desktop and start menu.</P
+><P
+>Before launching into the configuration instructions, it is
+worthwhile lookingat how a Windows 9x/ME client performs a logon:</P
+><P
+></P
+><OL
+TYPE="1"
+><LI
+><P
+> The client broadcasts (to the IP broadcast address of the subnet it is in)
+ a NetLogon request. This is sent to the NetBIOS name DOMAIN&#60;1c&#62; at the
+ NetBIOS layer. The client chooses the first response it receives, which
+ contains the NetBIOS name of the logon server to use in the format of
+ \\SERVER.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then connects to that server, logs on (does an SMBsessetupX) and
+ then connects to the IPC$ share (using an SMBtconX).
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then does a NetWkstaUserLogon request, which retrieves the name
+ of the user's logon script.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then connects to the NetLogon share and searches for this
+ and if it is found and can be read, is retrieved and executed by the client.
+ After this, the client disconnects from the NetLogon share.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then sends a NetUserGetInfo request to the server, to retrieve
+ the user's home share, which is used to search for profiles. Since the
+ response to the NetUserGetInfo request does not contain much more
+ the user's home share, profiles for Win9X clients MUST reside in the user
+ home directory.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then connects to the user's home share and searches for the
+ user's profile. As it turns out, you can specify the user's home share as
+ a sharename and path. For example, \\server\fred\.profile.
+ If the profiles are found, they are implemented.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> The client then disconnects from the user's home share, and reconnects to
+ the NetLogon share and looks for CONFIG.POL, the policies file. If this is
+ found, it is read and implemented.
+ </P
+></LI
+></OL
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><HR><H2
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><A
+NAME="AEN401"
+>Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</A
+></H2
+><P
+>The main difference between a PDC and a Windows 9x logon
+server configuration is that</P
+><P
+></P
+><UL
+><LI
+><P
+>Password encryption is not required for a Windows 9x logon server.</P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+>Windows 9x/ME clients do not possess machine trust accounts.</P
+></LI
+></UL
+><P
+>Therefore, a Samba PDC will also act as a Windows 9x logon
+server.</P
+><DIV
+CLASS="WARNING"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="WARNING"
+BORDER="1"
+WIDTH="100%"
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+><B
+>security mode and master browsers</B
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+><P
+>There are a few comments to make in order to tie up some
+loose ends. There has been much debate over the issue of whether
+or not it is ok to configure Samba as a Domain Controller in security
+modes other than <TT
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>USER</TT
+>. The only security mode
+which will not work due to technical reasons is <TT
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>SHARE</TT
+>
+mode security. <TT
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOMAIN</TT
+> and <TT
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>SERVER</TT
+>
+mode security is really just a variation on SMB user level security.</P
+><P
+>Actually, this issue is also closely tied to the debate on whether
+or not Samba must be the domain master browser for its workgroup
+when operating as a DC. While it may technically be possible
+to configure a server as such (after all, browsing and domain logons
+are two distinctly different functions), it is not a good idea to
+so. You should remember that the DC must register the DOMAIN#1b NetBIOS
+name. This is the name used by Windows clients to locate the DC.
+Windows clients do not distinguish between the DC and the DMB.
+For this reason, it is very wise to configure the Samba DC as the DMB.</P
+><P
+>Now back to the issue of configuring a Samba DC to use a mode other
+than "security = user". If a Samba host is configured to use
+another SMB server or DC in order to validate user connection
+requests, then it is a fact that some other machine on the network
+(the "password server") knows more about user than the Samba host.
+99% of the time, this other host is a domain controller. Now
+in order to operate in domain mode security, the "workgroup" parameter
+must be set to the name of the Windows NT domain (which already
+has a domain controller, right?)</P
+><P
+>Therefore configuring a Samba box as a DC for a domain that
+already by definition has a PDC is asking for trouble.
+Therefore, you should always configure the Samba DC to be the DMB
+for its domain.</P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><HR><H2
+CLASS="SECT2"
+><A
+NAME="AEN420"
+>Configuration Instructions: Setting up Roaming User Profiles</A
+></H2
+><DIV
+CLASS="WARNING"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="WARNING"
+BORDER="1"
+WIDTH="100%"
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+><B
+>Warning</B
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+><P
+><I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>NOTE!</I
+> Roaming profiles support is different
+for Win9X and WinNT.</P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+><P
+>Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how
+Win9X and WinNT clients implement these features.</P
+><P
+>Win9X clients send a NetUserGetInfo request to the server to get the user's
+profiles location. However, the response does not have room for a separate
+profiles location field, only the user's home share. This means that Win9X
+profiles are restricted to being in the user's home directory.</P
+><P
+>WinNT clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields,
+including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles.
+This means that support for profiles is different for Win9X and WinNT.</P
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN428"
+>Windows NT Configuration</A
+></H3
+><P
+>To support WinNT clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the
+following (for example):</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>logon path = \\profileserver\profileshare\profilepath\%U\moreprofilepath</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>The default for this option is \\%N\%U\profile, namely
+\\sambaserver\username\profile. The \\N%\%U service is created
+automatically by the [homes] service.
+If you are using a samba server for the profiles, you _must_ make the
+share specified in the logon path browseable. </P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>[lkcl 26aug96 - we have discovered a problem where Windows clients can
+maintain a connection to the [homes] share in between logins. The
+[homes] share must NOT therefore be used in a profile path.]</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN436"
+>Windows 9X Configuration</A
+></H3
+><P
+>To support Win9X clients, you must use the "logon home" parameter. Samba has
+now been fixed so that "net use/home" now works as well, and it, too, relies
+on the "logon home" parameter.</P
+><P
+>By using the logon home parameter, you are restricted to putting Win9X
+profiles in the user's home directory. But wait! There is a trick you
+can use. If you set the following in the [global] section of your
+smb.conf file:</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>then your Win9X clients will dutifully put their clients in a subdirectory
+of your home directory called .profiles (thus making them hidden).</P
+><P
+>Not only that, but 'net use/home' will also work, because of a feature in
+Win9X. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area
+and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you
+specified \\%L\%U for "logon home".</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN444"
+>Win9X and WinNT Configuration</A
+></H3
+><P
+>You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the
+"logon home" and "logon path" parameters. For example:</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles
+logon path = \\%L\profiles\%U</PRE
+></P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>I have not checked what 'net use /home' does on NT when "logon home" is
+set as above.</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN451"
+>Windows 9X Profile Setup</A
+></H3
+><P
+>When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created,
+as are folders "Start Menu", "Desktop", "Programs" and "Nethood".
+These directories and their contents will be merged with the local
+versions stored in c:\windows\profiles\username on subsequent logins,
+taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the [global]
+options "preserve case = yes", "short preserve case = yes" and
+"case sensitive = no" in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts
+in any of the profile folders.</P
+><P
+>The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to
+enforce a set of preferences, rename their user.DAT file to user.MAN,
+and deny them write access to this file.</P
+><P
+></P
+><OL
+TYPE="1"
+><LI
+><P
+> On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Passwords and
+ select the User Profiles tab. Select the required level of
+ roaming preferences. Press OK, but do _not_ allow the computer
+ to reboot.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Network |
+ Client for Microsoft Networks | Preferences. Select 'Log on to
+ NT Domain'. Then, ensure that the Primary Logon is 'Client for
+ Microsoft Networks'. Press OK, and this time allow the computer
+ to reboot.
+ </P
+></LI
+></OL
+><P
+>Under Windows 95, Profiles are downloaded from the Primary Logon.
+If you have the Primary Logon as 'Client for Novell Networks', then
+the profiles and logon script will be downloaded from your Novell
+Server. If you have the Primary Logon as 'Windows Logon', then the
+profiles will be loaded from the local machine - a bit against the
+concept of roaming profiles, if you ask me.</P
+><P
+>You will now find that the Microsoft Networks Login box contains
+[user, password, domain] instead of just [user, password]. Type in
+the samba server's domain name (or any other domain known to exist,
+but bear in mind that the user will be authenticated against this
+domain and profiles downloaded from it, if that domain logon server
+supports it), user name and user's password.</P
+><P
+>Once the user has been successfully validated, the Windows 95 machine
+will inform you that 'The user has not logged on before' and asks you
+if you wish to save the user's preferences? Select 'yes'.</P
+><P
+>Once the Windows 95 client comes up with the desktop, you should be able
+to examine the contents of the directory specified in the "logon path"
+on the samba server and verify that the "Desktop", "Start Menu",
+"Programs" and "Nethood" folders have been created.</P
+><P
+>These folders will be cached locally on the client, and updated when
+the user logs off (if you haven't made them read-only by then :-).
+You will find that if the user creates further folders or short-cuts,
+that the client will merge the profile contents downloaded with the
+contents of the profile directory already on the local client, taking
+the newest folders and short-cuts from each set.</P
+><P
+>If you have made the folders / files read-only on the samba server,
+then you will get errors from the w95 machine on logon and logout, as
+it attempts to merge the local and the remote profile. Basically, if
+you have any errors reported by the w95 machine, check the Unix file
+permissions and ownership rights on the profile directory contents,
+on the samba server.</P
+><P
+>If you have problems creating user profiles, you can reset the user's
+local desktop cache, as shown below. When this user then next logs in,
+they will be told that they are logging in "for the first time".</P
+><P
+></P
+><OL
+TYPE="1"
+><LI
+><P
+> instead of logging in under the [user, password, domain] dialog,
+ press escape.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> run the regedit.exe program, and look in:
+ </P
+><P
+> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList
+ </P
+><P
+> you will find an entry, for each user, of ProfilePath. Note the
+ contents of this key (likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username),
+ then delete the key ProfilePath for the required user.
+ </P
+><P
+> [Exit the registry editor].
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> <I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>WARNING</I
+> - before deleting the contents of the
+ directory listed in
+ the ProfilePath (this is likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username),
+ ask them if they have any important files stored on their desktop
+ or in their start menu. delete the contents of the directory
+ ProfilePath (making a backup if any of the files are needed).
+ </P
+><P
+> This will have the effect of removing the local (read-only hidden
+ system file) user.DAT in their profile directory, as well as the
+ local "desktop", "nethood", "start menu" and "programs" folders.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> search for the user's .PWL password-caching file in the c:\windows
+ directory, and delete it.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> log off the windows 95 client.
+ </P
+></LI
+><LI
+><P
+> check the contents of the profile path (see "logon path" described
+ above), and delete the user.DAT or user.MAN file for the user,
+ making a backup if required.
+ </P
+></LI
+></OL
+><P
+>If all else fails, increase samba's debug log levels to between 3 and 10,
+and / or run a packet trace program such as tcpdump or netmon.exe, and
+look for any error reports.</P
+><P
+>If you have access to an NT server, then first set up roaming profiles
+and / or netlogons on the NT server. Make a packet trace, or examine
+the example packet traces provided with NT server, and see what the
+differences are with the equivalent samba trace.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN487"
+>Windows NT Workstation 4.0</A
+></H3
+><P
+>When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile
+NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified
+through the "logon path" parameter. </P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>[lkcl 10aug97 - i tried setting the path to
+\\samba-server\homes\profile, and discovered that this fails because
+a background process maintains the connection to the [homes] share
+which does _not_ close down in between user logins. you have to
+have \\samba-server\%L\profile, where user is the username created
+from the [homes] share].</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+><P
+>There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles:
+"logon drive". This should be set to "h:" or any other drive, and
+should be used in conjunction with the new "logon home" parameter.</P
+><P
+>The entry for the NT 4.0 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT
+help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS
+extension. The user, while logging in, must have write permission to
+create the full profile path (and the folder with the .PDS extension)
+[lkcl 10aug97 - i found that the creation of the .PDS directory failed,
+and had to create these manually for each user, with a shell script.
+also, i presume, but have not tested, that the full profile path must
+be browseable just as it is for w95, due to the manner in which they
+attempt to create the full profile path: test existence of each path
+component; create path component].</P
+><P
+>In the profile directory, NT creates more folders than 95. It creates
+"Application Data" and others, as well as "Desktop", "Nethood",
+"Start Menu" and "Programs". The profile itself is stored in a file
+NTuser.DAT. Nothing appears to be stored in the .PDS directory, and
+its purpose is currently unknown.</P
+><P
+>You can use the System Control Panel to copy a local profile onto
+a samba server (see NT Help on profiles: it is also capable of firing
+up the correct location in the System Control Panel for you). The
+NT Help file also mentions that renaming NTuser.DAT to NTuser.MAN
+turns a profile into a mandatory one.</P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>[lkcl 10aug97 - i notice that NT Workstation tells me that it is
+downloading a profile from a slow link. whether this is actually the
+case, or whether there is some configuration issue, as yet unknown,
+that makes NT Workstation _think_ that the link is a slow one is a
+matter to be resolved].</P
+><P
+>[lkcl 20aug97 - after samba digest correspondence, one user found, and
+another confirmed, that profiles cannot be loaded from a samba server
+unless "security = user" and "encrypt passwords = yes" (see the file
+ENCRYPTION.txt) or "security = server" and "password server = ip.address.
+of.yourNTserver" are used. Either of these options will allow the NT
+workstation to access the samba server using LAN manager encrypted
+passwords, without the user intervention normally required by NT
+workstation for clear-text passwords].</P
+><P
+>[lkcl 25aug97 - more comments received about NT profiles: the case of
+the profile _matters_. the file _must_ be called NTuser.DAT or, for
+a mandatory profile, NTuser.MAN].</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN500"
+>Windows NT Server</A
+></H3
+><P
+>There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the
+location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the
+profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as
+that SMB server supports encrypted passwords.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><HR><H3
+CLASS="SECT3"
+><A
+NAME="AEN503"
+>Sharing Profiles between W95 and NT Workstation 4.0</A
+></H3
+><DIV
+CLASS="WARNING"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="WARNING"
+BORDER="1"
+WIDTH="100%"
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+><B
+>Potentially outdated or incorrect material follows</B
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+><P
+>I think this is all bogus, but have not deleted it. (Richard Sharpe)</P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+><P
+>The default logon path is \\%N\%U. NT Workstation will attempt to create
+a directory "\\samba-server\username.PDS" if you specify the logon path
+as "\\samba-server\username" with the NT User Manager. Therefore, you
+will need to specify (for example) "\\samba-server\username\profile".
+NT 4.0 will attempt to create "\\samba-server\username\profile.PDS", which
+is more likely to succeed.</P
+><P
+>If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W95, you will
+need to specify "logon path = \\samba-server\username\profile" [lkcl 10aug97
+this has its drawbacks: i created a shortcut to telnet.exe, which attempts
+to run from the c:\winnt\system32 directory. this directory is obviously
+unlikely to exist on a Win95-only host].</P
+><P
+>&#13;If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate user.DAT and
+NTuser.DAT files in the same profile directory.</P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><BLOCKQUOTE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+><B
+>Note: </B
+>[lkcl 25aug97 - there are some issues to resolve with downloading of
+NT profiles, probably to do with time/date stamps. i have found that
+NTuser.DAT is never updated on the workstation after the first time that
+it is copied to the local workstation profile directory. this is in
+contrast to w95, where it _does_ transfer / update profiles correctly].</P
+></BLOCKQUOTE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><HR><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN513"
+>DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control &#38; Samba</A
+></H1
+><DIV
+CLASS="WARNING"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="WARNING"
+BORDER="1"
+WIDTH="100%"
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+><B
+>Possibly Outdated Material</B
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+><P
+> This appendix was originally authored by John H Terpstra of
+ the Samba Team and is included here for posterity.
+ </P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+><P
+><I
+CLASS="EMPHASIS"
+>NOTE :</I
+>
+The term "Domain Controller" and those related to it refer to one specific
+method of authentication that can underly an SMB domain. Domain Controllers
+prior to Windows NT Server 3.1 were sold by various companies and based on
+private extensions to the LAN Manager 2.1 protocol. Windows NT introduced
+Microsoft-specific ways of distributing the user authentication database.
+See DOMAIN.txt for examples of how Samba can participate in or create
+SMB domains based on shared authentication database schemes other than the
+Windows NT SAM.</P
+><P
+>Windows NT Server can be installed as either a plain file and print server
+(WORKGROUP workstation or server) or as a server that participates in Domain
+Control (DOMAIN member, Primary Domain controller or Backup Domain controller).
+The same is true for OS/2 Warp Server, Digital Pathworks and other similar
+products, all of which can participate in Domain Control along with Windows NT.</P
+><P
+>To many people these terms can be confusing, so let's try to clear the air.</P
+><P
+>Every Windows NT system (workstation or server) has a registry database.
+The registry contains entries that describe the initialization information
+for all services (the equivalent of Unix Daemons) that run within the Windows
+NT environment. The registry also contains entries that tell application
+software where to find dynamically loadable libraries that they depend upon.
+In fact, the registry contains entries that describes everything that anything
+may need to know to interact with the rest of the system.</P
+><P
+>The registry files can be located on any Windows NT machine by opening a
+command prompt and typing:</P
+><P
+><TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>C:\WINNT\&#62;</TT
+> dir %SystemRoot%\System32\config</P
+><P
+>The environment variable %SystemRoot% value can be obtained by typing:</P
+><P
+><TT
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>C:\WINNT&#62;</TT
+>echo %SystemRoot%</P
+><P
+>The active parts of the registry that you may want to be familiar with are
+the files called: default, system, software, sam and security.</P
+><P
+>In a domain environment, Microsoft Windows NT domain controllers participate
+in replication of the SAM and SECURITY files so that all controllers within
+the domain have an exactly identical copy of each.</P
+><P
+>The Microsoft Windows NT system is structured within a security model that
+says that all applications and services must authenticate themselves before
+they can obtain permission from the security manager to do what they set out
+to do.</P
+><P
+>The Windows NT User database also resides within the registry. This part of
+the registry contains the user's security identifier, home directory, group
+memberships, desktop profile, and so on.</P
+><P
+>Every Windows NT system (workstation as well as server) will have its own
+registry. Windows NT Servers that participate in Domain Security control
+have a database that they share in common - thus they do NOT own an
+independent full registry database of their own, as do Workstations and
+plain Servers.</P
+><P
+>The User database is called the SAM (Security Access Manager) database and
+is used for all user authentication as well as for authentication of inter-
+process authentication (i.e. to ensure that the service action a user has
+requested is permitted within the limits of that user's privileges).</P
+><P
+>The Samba team have produced a utility that can dump the Windows NT SAM into
+smbpasswd format: see ENCRYPTION.txt for information on smbpasswd and
+/pub/samba/pwdump on your nearest Samba mirror for the utility. This
+facility is useful but cannot be easily used to implement SAM replication
+to Samba systems.</P
+><P
+>Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, and Windows NT Workstations and Servers
+can participate in a Domain security system that is controlled by Windows NT
+servers that have been correctly configured. Almost every domain will have
+ONE Primary Domain Controller (PDC). It is desirable that each domain will
+have at least one Backup Domain Controller (BDC).</P
+><P
+>The PDC and BDCs then participate in replication of the SAM database so that
+each Domain Controlling participant will have an up to date SAM component
+within its registry.</P
+></DIV
+></DIV
+></BODY
+></HTML
+> \ No newline at end of file