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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html b/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html deleted file mode 100644 index 8c597e001f..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,439 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ -"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="General installation" -HREF="introduction.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Improved browsing in samba" -HREF="improved-browsing.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba" -HREF="pwencrypt.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="improved-browsing.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="pwencrypt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="BROWSING-QUICK">Chapter 3. Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</H1 -><P ->This document should be read in conjunction with Browsing and may -be taken as the fast track guide to implementing browsing across subnets -and / or across workgroups (or domains). WINS is the best tool for resolution -of NetBIOS names to IP addesses. WINS is NOT involved in browse list handling -except by way of name to address mapping.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN377">3.1. Discussion</H1 -><P ->Firstly, all MS Windows networking is based on SMB (Server Message -Block) based messaging. SMB messaging is implemented using NetBIOS. Samba -implements NetBIOS by encapsulating it over TCP/IP. MS Windows products can -do likewise. NetBIOS based networking uses broadcast messaging to affect -browse list management. When running NetBIOS over TCP/IP this uses UDP -based messaging. UDP messages can be broadcast or unicast.</P -><P ->Normally, only unicast UDP messaging can be forwarded by routers. The -"remote announce" parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements -to remote network segments via unicast UDP. Similarly, the "remote browse sync" -parameter of smb.conf implements browse list collation using unicast UDP.</P -><P ->Secondly, in those networks where Samba is the only SMB server technology -wherever possible nmbd should be configured on one (1) machine as the WINS -server. This makes it easy to manage the browsing environment. If each network -segment is configured with it's own Samba WINS server, then the only way to -get cross segment browsing to work is by using the "remote announce" and -the "remote browse sync" parameters to your smb.conf file.</P -><P ->If only one WINS server is used then the use of the "remote announce" and the -"remote browse sync" parameters should NOT be necessary.</P -><P ->Samba WINS does not support MS-WINS replication. This means that when setting up -Samba as a WINS server there must only be one nmbd configured as a WINS server -on the network. Some sites have used multiple Samba WINS servers for redundancy -(one server per subnet) and then used "remote browse sync" and "remote announce" -to affect browse list collation across all segments. Note that this means -clients will only resolve local names, and must be configured to use DNS to -resolve names on other subnets in order to resolve the IP addresses of the -servers they can see on other subnets. This setup is not recommended, but is -mentioned as a practical consideration (ie: an 'if all else fails' scenario).</P -><P ->Lastly, take note that browse lists are a collection of unreliable broadcast -messages that are repeated at intervals of not more than 15 minutes. This means -that it will take time to establish a browse list and it can take up to 45 -minutes to stabilise, particularly across network segments.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN385">3.2. Use of the "Remote Announce" parameter</H1 -><P ->The "remote announce" parameter of smb.conf can be used to forcibly ensure -that all the NetBIOS names on a network get announced to a remote network. -The syntax of the "remote announce" parameter is: -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> remote announce = a.b.c.d [e.f.g.h] ...</PRE -> -_or_ -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> remote announce = a.b.c.d/WORKGROUP [e.f.g.h/WORKGROUP] ...</PRE -> - -where: -<P -></P -><DIV -CLASS="VARIABLELIST" -><DL -><DT ->a.b.c.d and e.f.g.h</DT -><DD -><P ->is either the LMB (Local Master Browser) IP address -or the broadcst address of the remote network. -ie: the LMB is at 192.168.1.10, or the address -could be given as 192.168.1.255 where the netmask -is assumed to be 24 bits (255.255.255.0). -When the remote announcement is made to the broadcast -address of the remote network every host will receive -our announcements. This is noisy and therefore -undesirable but may be necessary if we do NOT know -the IP address of the remote LMB.</P -></DD -><DT ->WORKGROUP</DT -><DD -><P ->is optional and can be either our own workgroup -or that of the remote network. If you use the -workgroup name of the remote network then our -NetBIOS machine names will end up looking like -they belong to that workgroup, this may cause -name resolution problems and should be avoided.</P -></DD -></DL -></DIV -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN399">3.3. Use of the "Remote Browse Sync" parameter</H1 -><P ->The "remote browse sync" parameter of smb.conf is used to announce to -another LMB that it must synchronise it's NetBIOS name list with our -Samba LMB. It works ONLY if the Samba server that has this option is -simultaneously the LMB on it's network segment.</P -><P ->The syntax of the "remote browse sync" parameter is: -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> remote browse sync = a.b.c.d</PRE -> - -where a.b.c.d is either the IP address of the remote LMB or else is the network broadcast address of the remote segment.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN404">3.4. Use of WINS</H1 -><P ->Use of WINS (either Samba WINS _or_ MS Windows NT Server WINS) is highly -recommended. Every NetBIOS machine registers it's name together with a -name_type value for each of of several types of service it has available. -eg: It registers it's name directly as a unique (the type 0x03) name. -It also registers it's name if it is running the lanmanager compatible -server service (used to make shares and printers available to other users) -by registering the server (the type 0x20) name.</P -><P ->All NetBIOS names are up to 15 characters in length. The name_type variable -is added to the end of the name - thus creating a 16 character name. Any -name that is shorter than 15 characters is padded with spaces to the 15th -character. ie: All NetBIOS names are 16 characters long (including the -name_type information).</P -><P ->WINS can store these 16 character names as they get registered. A client -that wants to log onto the network can ask the WINS server for a list -of all names that have registered the NetLogon service name_type. This saves -broadcast traffic and greatly expedites logon processing. Since broadcast -name resolution can not be used across network segments this type of -information can only be provided via WINS _or_ via statically configured -"lmhosts" files that must reside on all clients in the absence of WINS.</P -><P ->WINS also serves the purpose of forcing browse list synchronisation by all -LMB's. LMB's must synchronise their browse list with the DMB (domain master -browser) and WINS helps the LMB to identify it's DMB. By definition this -will work only within a single workgroup. Note that the domain master browser -has NOTHING to do with what is referred to as an MS Windows NT Domain. The -later is a reference to a security environment while the DMB refers to the -master controller for browse list information only.</P -><P ->Use of WINS will work correctly only if EVERY client TCP/IP protocol stack -has been configured to use the WINS server/s. Any client that has not been -configured to use the WINS server will continue to use only broadcast based -name registration so that WINS may NEVER get to know about it. In any case, -machines that have not registered with a WINS server will fail name to address -lookup attempts by other clients and will therefore cause workstation access -errors.</P -><P ->To configure Samba as a WINS server just add "wins support = yes" to the -smb.conf file [globals] section.</P -><P ->To configure Samba to register with a WINS server just add -"wins server = a.b.c.d" to your smb.conf file [globals] section.</P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->DO NOT EVER</I -></SPAN -> use both "wins support = yes" together with "wins server = a.b.c.d" -particularly not using it's own IP address.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN415">3.5. Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</H1 -><P ->A very common cause of browsing problems results from installing more than -one protocol on an MS Windows machine.</P -><P ->Every NetBIOS machine take part in a process of electing the LMB (and DMB) -every 15 minutes. A set of election criteria is used to determine the order -of precidence for winning this election process. A machine running Samba or -Windows NT will be biased so that the most suitable machine will predictably -win and thus retain it's role.</P -><P ->The election process is "fought out" so to speak over every NetBIOS network -interface. In the case of a Windows 9x machine that has both TCP/IP and IPX -installed and has NetBIOS enabled over both protocols the election will be -decided over both protocols. As often happens, if the Windows 9x machine is -the only one with both protocols then the LMB may be won on the NetBIOS -interface over the IPX protocol. Samba will then lose the LMB role as Windows -9x will insist it knows who the LMB is. Samba will then cease to function -as an LMB and thus browse list operation on all TCP/IP only machines will -fail.</P -><P ->The safest rule of all to follow it this - USE ONLY ONE PROTOCOL!</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN421">3.6. Name Resolution Order</H1 -><P ->Resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addresses can take place using a number -of methods. The only ones that can provide NetBIOS name_type information -are: -<P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->WINS: the best tool!</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->LMHOSTS: is static and hard to maintain.</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Broadcast: uses UDP and can not resolve names across remote segments.</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></P -><P ->Alternative means of name resolution includes: -<P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->/etc/hosts: is static, hard to maintain, and lacks name_type info</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->DNS: is a good choice but lacks essential name_type info.</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></P -><P ->Many sites want to restrict DNS lookups and want to avoid broadcast name -resolution traffic. The "name resolve order" parameter is of great help here. -The syntax of the "name resolve order" parameter is: -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast host</PRE -> -_or_ -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> name resolve order = wins lmhosts (eliminates bcast and host)</PRE -> -The default is: -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> name resolve order = host lmhost wins bcast</PRE ->. -where "host" refers the the native methods used by the Unix system -to implement the gethostbyname() function call. This is normally -controlled by <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/host.conf</TT ->, <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT -> and <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/resolv.conf</TT ->.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="improved-browsing.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="pwencrypt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Improved browsing in samba</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="introduction.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
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