diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html | 159 |
1 files changed, 111 insertions, 48 deletions
diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html b/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html index 70f446e09d..083aeed9f3 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html @@ -1,5 +1,4 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="msdfs.html" title="Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba"><link rel="next" href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter 24. Securing Samba"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="msdfs.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="securing-samba.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899641">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900075">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900212">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900256">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900299">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900394">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899927">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899966">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900009">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900041">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900053">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> +<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="pam.html" title="Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication"><link rel="next" href="unicode.html" title="Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pam.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unicode.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 26. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2999705">Features and Benefits</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2999730">Background Information</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2999775">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2999831">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2999956">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000000">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000042">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000130">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000278">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000323">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000567">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000600">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000624">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000695">Common Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000711">My Boomerang Won't Come Back</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000742">Very Slow Network Connections</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id3000794">Samba server name change problem</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> This section deals with NetBIOS over TCP/IP name to IP address resolution. If your MS Windows clients are NOT configured to use NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this section does not apply to your installation. If your installation involves use of @@ -10,7 +9,15 @@ NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this section may help you to resolve networking problem to NOT run NetBEUI at all. Note also that there is NO such thing as NetBEUI over TCP/IP - the existence of such a protocol is a complete and utter mis-apprehension. -</p></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2999705"></a>Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +Many MS Windows network administrators have never been exposed to basic TCP/IP +networking as it is implemented in a Unix/Linux operating system. Likewise, many Unix and +Linux administrators have not been exposed to the intricacies of MS Windows TCP/IP based +networking (and may have no desire to be either). +</p><p> +This chapter gives a short introduction to the basics of how a name can be resolved to +it's IP address for each operating system environment. +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2999730"></a>Background Information</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> Since the introduction of MS Windows 2000 it is possible to run MS Windows networking without the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP. NetBIOS over TCP/IP uses UDP port 137 for NetBIOS name resolution and uses TCP port 139 for NetBIOS session services. When NetBIOS over @@ -26,16 +33,16 @@ disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP today use MS Active Directory Service (ADS). ADS req Dynamic DNS with Service Resource Records (SRV RR) and with Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR). Use of DHCP with ADS is recommended as a further means of maintaining central control over client workstation network configuration. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2899641"></a>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</h2></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2999775"></a>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> The key configuration files covered in this section are: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900075"></a><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><p> +</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2999831"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> Contains a static list of IP Addresses and names. eg: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +</p><pre class="screen"> 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain 192.168.1.1 bigbox.caldera.com bigbox alias4box </pre><p> -The purpose of <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is to provide a +The purpose of <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> is to provide a name resolution mechanism so that uses do not need to remember IP addresses. </p><p> @@ -43,16 +50,16 @@ Network packets that are sent over the physical network transport layer communicate not via IP addresses but rather using the Media Access Control address, or MAC address. IP Addresses are currently 32 bits in length and are typically presented as four (4) decimal -numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1 +numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1. </p><p> MAC Addresses use 48 bits (or 6 bytes) and are typically represented as two digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. eg: 40:8e:0a:12:34:56 </p><p> -Every network interfrace must have an MAC address. Associated with +Every network interface must have an MAC address. Associated with a MAC address there may be one or more IP addresses. There is NO relationship between an IP address and a MAC address, all such assignments -are arbitary or discretionary in nature. At the most basic level all +are arbitrary or discretionary in nature. At the most basic level all network communications takes place using MAC addressing. Since MAC addresses must be globally unique, and generally remains fixed for any particular interface, the assignment of an IP address makes sense @@ -64,7 +71,7 @@ When a user or a process wants to communicate with another machine the protocol implementation ensures that the "machine name" or "host name" is resolved to an IP address in a manner that is controlled by the TCP/IP configuration control files. The file -<tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is one such file. +<tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> is one such file. </p><p> When the IP address of the destination interface has been determined a protocol called ARP/RARP is used to identify @@ -78,14 +85,14 @@ ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. The reply packet from an ARP request will contain the MAC address and the primary IP address for each interface. </p><p> -The <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file is foundational to all -Unix/Linux TCP/IP installations and as a minumum will contain +The <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file is foundational to all +Unix/Linux TCP/IP installations and as a minimum will contain the localhost and local network interface IP addresses and the primary names by which they are known within the local machine. This file helps to prime the pump so that a basic level of name resolution can exist before any other method of name resolution becomes available. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900212"></a><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2999956"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> This file tells the name resolution libraries: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The name of the domain to which the machine belongs @@ -95,21 +102,21 @@ This file tells the name resolution libraries: </p></li><li><p>The name or IP address of available Domain Name Servers that may be asked to perform name to address translation lookups - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900256"></a><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -<tt>/etc/host.conf</tt> is the primary means by + </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000000"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +<tt class="filename">/etc/host.conf</tt> is the primary means by which the setting in /etc/resolv.conf may be affected. It is a critical configuration file. This file controls the order by -which name resolution may procede. The typical structure is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +which name resolution may proceed. The typical structure is: +</p><pre class="screen"> order hosts,bind multi on </pre><p> then both addresses should be returned. Please refer to the man page for host.conf for further details. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900299"></a><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000042"></a><tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> This file controls the actual name resolution targets. The file typically has resolver object specifications as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +</p><pre class="screen"> # /etc/nsswitch.conf # # Name Service Switch configuration file. @@ -123,7 +130,7 @@ file typically has resolver object specifications as follows: hosts: files nis dns # Alternative entries for host name resolution are: - # hosts: files dns nis nis+ hesoid db compat ldap wins + # hosts: files dns nis nis+ hesiod db compat ldap wins networks: nis files dns ethers: nis files @@ -142,15 +149,15 @@ Starting with version 2.2.0 samba has Linux support for extensions to the name service switch infrastructure so that linux clients will be able to obtain resolution of MS Windows NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. To gain this functionality Samba needs to be compiled -with appropriate arguments to the make command (ie: <b>make -nsswitch/libnss_wins.so</b>). The resulting library should -then be installed in the <tt>/lib</tt> directory and +with appropriate arguments to the make command (ie: <b class="userinput"><tt>make +nsswitch/libnss_wins.so</tt></b>). The resulting library should +then be installed in the <tt class="filename">/lib</tt> directory and the "wins" parameter needs to be added to the "hosts:" line in -the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file. At this point it +the <tt class="filename">/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file. At this point it will be possible to ping any MS Windows machine by it's NetBIOS machine name, so long as that machine is within the workgroup to which both the samba machine and the MS Windows machine belong. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2900394"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><p> +</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id3000130"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> MS Windows networking is predicated about the name each machine is given. This name is known variously (and inconsistently) as the "computer name", "machine name", "networking name", "netbios name", @@ -165,7 +172,7 @@ name is therefore registered for each service type that is provided by the client/server. </p><p> The following are typical NetBIOS name/service type registrations: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +</p><pre class="screen"> Unique NetBIOS Names: MACHINENAME<00> = Server Service is running on MACHINENAME MACHINENAME<03> = Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name) @@ -184,7 +191,7 @@ installations where traditionally the system administrator will determine in the /etc/hosts or in the DNS database what names are associated with each IP address. </p><p> -One further point of clarification should be noted, the <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> +One further point of clarification should be noted, the <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file and the DNS records do not provide the NetBIOS name type information that MS Windows clients depend on to locate the type of service that may be needed. An example of this is what happens when an MS Windows client @@ -221,7 +228,7 @@ NBT or NetBT, the NetBIOS over TCP/IP. MS Windows machines use a complex array of name resolution mechanisms. Since we are primarily concerned with TCP/IP this demonstration is limited to this area. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899927"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><p> +</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000278"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> All MS Windows machines employ an in memory buffer in which is stored the NetBIOS names and IP addresses for all external machines that that machine has communicated with over the @@ -238,16 +245,16 @@ frustrating for users - but it is a characteristic of the protocol. </p><p> The MS Windows utility that allows examination of the NetBIOS name cache is called "nbtstat". The Samba equivalent of this -is called "nmblookup". -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899966"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> +is called <b class="command">nmblookup</b>. +</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000323"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or -2000 in <tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains +2000 in <tt class="filename">C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains the IP Address and the machine name in matched pairs. The -<tt>LMHOSTS</tt> file performs NetBIOS name +<tt class="filename">LMHOSTS</tt> file performs NetBIOS name to IP address mapping. </p><p> It typically looks like: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +</p><pre class="screen"> # Copyright (c) 1998 Microsoft Corp. # # This is a sample LMHOSTS file used by the Microsoft Wins Client (NetBIOS @@ -256,7 +263,7 @@ It typically looks like: # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to NT computernames # (NetBIOS) names. Each entry should be kept on an individual line. # The IP address should be placed in the first column followed by the - # corresponding computername. The address and the comptername + # corresponding computername. The address and the computername # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" character # is generally used to denote the start of a comment (see the exceptions # below). @@ -288,7 +295,7 @@ It typically looks like: # centralized lmhosts file to be maintained on a server. # It is ALWAYS necessary to provide a mapping for the IP address of the # server prior to the #INCLUDE. This mapping must use the #PRE directive. - # In addtion the share "public" in the example below must be in the + # In addition the share "public" in the example below must be in the # LanManServer list of "NullSessionShares" in order for client machines to # be able to read the lmhosts file successfully. This key is under # \machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\nullsessionshares @@ -324,14 +331,14 @@ It typically looks like: # so keeping the number of comments to a minimum will improve performance. # Therefore it is not advisable to simply add lmhosts file entries onto the # end of this file. -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900009"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> +</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000567"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or 2000 in -<tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains +<tt class="filename">C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains the IP Address and the IP hostname in matched pairs. It can be used by the name resolution infrastructure in MS Windows, depending on how the TCP/IP environment is configured. This file is in -every way the equivalent of the Unix/Linux <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900041"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> +every way the equivalent of the Unix/Linux <tt class="filename">/etc/hosts</tt> file. +</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000600"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> This capability is configured in the TCP/IP setup area in the network configuration facility. If enabled an elaborate name resolution sequence is followed the precise nature of which is dependant on what the NetBIOS @@ -342,23 +349,79 @@ cache. If that fails then DNS, HOSTS and LMHOSTS are checked. If set to Node Type 8, then a NetBIOS Unicast (over UDP Unicast) is sent to the WINS Server to obtain a lookup before DNS, HOSTS, LMHOSTS, or broadcast lookup is used. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900053"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> -A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivaent of the +</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000624"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivalent of the rfc1001/1002 specified NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server). A WINS server stores the names and IP addresses that are registered by a Windows client if the TCP/IP setup has been given at least one WINS Server IP Address. </p><p> To configure Samba to be a WINS server the following parameter needs -to be added to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +to be added to the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file: +</p><pre class="screen"> wins support = Yes </pre><p> To configure Samba to use a WINS server the following parameters are -needed in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +needed in the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file: +</p><pre class="screen"> wins support = No wins server = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx </pre><p> -where <i><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt></i> is the IP address +where <i class="replaceable"><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt></i> is the IP address of the WINS server. -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="msdfs.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="securing-samba.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 24. Securing Samba</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id3000695"></a>Common Errors</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +TCP/IP network configuration problems find every network administrator sooner or later. +The cause can be anything from keyboard mishaps, forgetfulness, simple mistakes, and +carelessness. Of course, no one is every deliberately careless! +</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000711"></a>My Boomerang Won't Come Back</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + Well, the real complaint said, "I can ping my samba server from Windows, but I can + not ping my Windows machine from the samba server." + </p><p> + The Windows machine was at IP Address 192.168.1.2 with netmask 255.255.255.0, the + Samba server (Linux) was at IP Address 192.168.1.130 with netmask 255.255.255.128. + The machines were on a local network with no external connections. + </p><p> + Due to inconsistent netmasks, the Windows machine was on network 192.168.1.0/24, while + the Samba server was on network 192.168.1.128/25 - logically a different network. + </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000742"></a>Very Slow Network Connections</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + A common causes of slow network response includes: + </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Client is configured to use DNS and DNS server is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use remote DNS server, but remote connection is down</p></li><li><p>Client is configured to use a WINS server, but there is no WINS server</p></li><li><p>Client is NOT configured to use a WINS server, but there is a WINS server</p></li><li><p>Firewall is filtering our DNS or WINS traffic</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3000794"></a>Samba server name change problem</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> + The name of the samba server was changed, samba was restarted, samba server can not be + pinged by new name from MS Windows NT4 Workstation, but it does still respond to ping using + the old name. Why? + </p><p> + From this description three (3) things are rather obvious: + </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>WINS is NOT in use, only broadcast based name resolution is used</p></li><li><p>The samba server was renamed and restarted within the last 10-15 minutes</p></li><li><p>The old samba server name is still in the NetBIOS name cache on the MS Windows NT4 Workstation</p></li></ul></div><p> + To find what names are present in the NetBIOS name cache on the MS Windows NT4 machine, + open a cmd shell, then: + </p><p> + </p><pre class="screen"> + C:\temp\>nbtstat -n + + NetBIOS Local Name Table + + Name Type Status + ------------------------------------------------ + SLACK <03> UNIQUE Registered + ADMINISTRATOR <03> UNIQUE Registered + SLACK <00> UNIQUE Registered + SARDON <00> GROUP Registered + SLACK <20> UNIQUE Registered + SLACK <1F> UNIQUE Registered + + + C:\Temp\>nbtstat -c + + NetBIOS Remote Cache Name Table + + Name Type Host Address Life [sec] + -------------------------------------------------------------- + FRODO <20> UNIQUE 192.168.1.1 240 + + C:\Temp\> + </pre><p> + </p><p> + In the above example, FRODO is the Samba server and SLACK is the MS Windows NT4 Workstation. + The first listing shows the contents of the Local Name Table (ie: Identity information on + the MS Windows workstation), the second shows the NetBIOS name in the NetBIOS name cache. + The name cache contains the remote machines known to this workstation. + </p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="pam.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="unicode.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 25. PAM based Distributed Authentication </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 27. Unicode/Charsets</td></tr></table></div></body></html> |