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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-Developers-Guide.html b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-Developers-Guide.html index cc12fe60f8..b90d99bf66 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-Developers-Guide.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-Developers-Guide.html @@ -1,176 +1,1091 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>SAMBA Developers Guide</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="book" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="Samba-Developers-Guide"></a>SAMBA Developers Guide</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">SAMBA Team</h3></div></div><hr></div><div class="dedication" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="id2791718"></a>Abstract</h2></div></div><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>Last Update</em></span> : Mon Sep 30 15:23:53 CDT 2002 -</p><p> -This book is a collection of documents that might be useful for +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>SAMBA Developers Guide</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="BOOK" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="BOOK" +><A +NAME="SAMBA-DEVELOPERS-GUIDE" +></A +><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +><A +NAME="SAMBA-DEVELOPERS-GUIDE" +></A +>SAMBA Developers Guide</H1 +><H3 +CLASS="AUTHOR" +><A +NAME="AEN4" +></A +>SAMBA Team</H3 +><HR></DIV +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +>Abstract</H1 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Last Update</I +></SPAN +> : Mon Sep 30 15:23:53 CDT 2002</P +><P +>This book is a collection of documents that might be useful for people developing samba or those interested in doing so. It's nothing more than a collection of documents written by samba developers about the internals of various parts of samba and the SMB protocol. It's still incomplete. The most recent version of this document -can be found at <a href="http://devel.samba.org/" target="_top">http://devel.samba.org/</a>. -Please send updates to <a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">Jelmer Veenrooij</a>. -</p><p> -This documentation is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) +can be found at <A +HREF="http://devel.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://devel.samba.org/</A +>. +Please send updates to <A +HREF="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>jelmer@samba.org</A +>.</P +><P +>This documentation is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. A copy of the license is included with the Samba source -distribution. A copy can be found on-line at <a href="http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt</a> -</p></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>1. <a href="#netbios">Definition of NetBIOS Protocol and Name Resolution Modes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2791176">NETBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791260">BROADCAST NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791291">NBNS NetBIOS</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#architecture">Samba Architecture</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2795118">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2795170">Multithreading and Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790937">Threading smbd</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2843423">Threading nmbd</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791332">nbmd Design</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>3. <a href="#debug">The samba DEBUG system</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2790677">New Output Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791433">The DEBUG() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791102">The DEBUGADD() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790705">The DEBUGLVL() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790812">New Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2790819">dbgtext()</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790839">dbghdr()</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790862">format_debug_text()</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>4. <a href="#CodingSuggestions">Coding Suggestions</a></dt><dt>5. <a href="#internals">Samba Internals</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857490">Character Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2857515">The new functions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2857977">Macros in byteorder.h</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857991">CVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858005">PVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858019">SCVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858032">SVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858048">IVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858062">SVALS(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858077">IVALS(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858091">SSVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858106">SIVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858120">SSVALS(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858134">SIVALS(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858149">RSVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858163">RIVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858177">RSSVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858192">RSIVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858208">LAN Manager Samba API</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858243">Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858395">Return value</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858481">Code character table</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#parsing">The smb.conf file</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857849">Lexical Analysis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857787">Handling of Whitespace</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858749">Handling of Line Continuation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858813">Line Continuation Quirks</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858913">Syntax</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858982">About params.c</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#unix-smb">NetBIOS in a Unix World</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858682">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858703">Usernames</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858620">File Ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858644">Passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859208">Locking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859270">Deny Modes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859300">Trapdoor UIDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859325">Port numbers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859371">Protocol Complexity</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#tracing">Tracing samba system calls</a></dt><dt>9. <a href="#ntdomain">NT Domain RPC's</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859563">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859980">Sources</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860014">Credits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2860053">Notes and Structures</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2860060">Notes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860137">Enumerations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860350">Structures</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2863307">MSRPC over Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863320">MSRPC Pipes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863422">Header</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864296">Tail</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864342">RPC Bind / Bind Ack</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864522">NTLSA Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864687">LSA Open Policy</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864813">LSA Query Info Policy</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864921">LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865012">LSA Open Secret</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865122">LSA Close</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865188">LSA Lookup SIDS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865399">LSA Lookup Names</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865625">NETLOGON rpc Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865786">LSA Request Challenge</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865921">LSA Authenticate 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866069">LSA Server Password Set</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866185">LSA SAM Logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866299">LSA SAM Logoff</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866391">\\MAILSLOT\NET\NTLOGON</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866408">Query for PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866670">SAM Logon</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866996">SRVSVC Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867041">Net Share Enum</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867261">Net Server Get Info</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867378">Cryptographic side of NT Domain Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867386">Definitions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867548">Protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867629">Comments</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867679">SIDs and RIDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867719">Well-known SIDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868034">Well-known RIDS</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>10. <a href="#printing">Samba Printing Internals</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859754">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859770"> -Printing Interface to Various Back ends -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859712"> -Print Queue TDB's -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868639"> -ChangeID and Client Caching of Printer Information -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868653"> -Windows NT/2K Printer Change Notify -</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#wins">Samba WINS Internals</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868400">WINS Failover</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#sam">The Upcoming SAM System</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869126">Security in the 'new SAM'</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869257">Standalone from UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869292">Handles and Races in the new SAM</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869361">Layers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869368">Application</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869384">SAM Interface</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869412">SAM Modules</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869434">SAM Modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869441">Special Module: sam_passdb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869459">sam_ads</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869498">Memory Management</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869589">Testing</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>13. <a href="#pwencrypt">LanMan and NT Password Encryption</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869092">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868961">How does it work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869678">The smbpasswd file</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#modules">Modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870133">Advantages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869868">Loading modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869901">Static modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870337">Shared modules</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2870365">Writing modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870425">Static/Shared selection in configure.in</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#rpc-plugin">RPC Pluggable Modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869935">About</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869954">General Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#Packaging">Notes to packagers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870644">Versioning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870677">Modules</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="netbios"></a>Chapter 1. Definition of NetBIOS Protocol and Name Resolution Modes</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Luke Leighton</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 June 1997</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2791176">NETBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791260">BROADCAST NetBIOS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791291">NBNS NetBIOS</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791176"></a>NETBIOS</h2></div></div><p> -NetBIOS runs over the following tranports: TCP/IP; NetBEUI and IPX/SPX. +distribution. A copy can be found on-line at <A +HREF="http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt</A +></P +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>1. <A +HREF="#NETBIOS" +>Definition of NetBIOS Protocol and Name Resolution Modes</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.1. <A +HREF="#AEN24" +>NETBIOS</A +></DT +><DT +>1.2. <A +HREF="#AEN35" +>BROADCAST NetBIOS</A +></DT +><DT +>1.3. <A +HREF="#AEN39" +>NBNS NetBIOS</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>2. <A +HREF="#ARCHITECTURE" +>Samba Architecture</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>2.1. <A +HREF="#AEN54" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>2.2. <A +HREF="#AEN65" +>Multithreading and Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>2.3. <A +HREF="#AEN70" +>Threading smbd</A +></DT +><DT +>2.4. <A +HREF="#AEN86" +>Threading nmbd</A +></DT +><DT +>2.5. <A +HREF="#AEN92" +>nbmd Design</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>3. <A +HREF="#DEBUG" +>The samba DEBUG system</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>3.1. <A +HREF="#AEN103" +>New Output Syntax</A +></DT +><DT +>3.2. <A +HREF="#AEN128" +>The DEBUG() Macro</A +></DT +><DT +>3.3. <A +HREF="#AEN151" +>The DEBUGADD() Macro</A +></DT +><DT +>3.4. <A +HREF="#AEN159" +>The DEBUGLVL() Macro</A +></DT +><DT +>3.5. <A +HREF="#AEN179" +>New Functions</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>3.5.1. <A +HREF="#AEN181" +>dbgtext()</A +></DT +><DT +>3.5.2. <A +HREF="#AEN184" +>dbghdr()</A +></DT +><DT +>3.5.3. <A +HREF="#AEN188" +>format_debug_text()</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>4. <A +HREF="#CODINGSUGGESTIONS" +>Coding Suggestions</A +></DT +><DT +>5. <A +HREF="#INTERNALS" +>Samba Internals</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>5.1. <A +HREF="#AEN284" +>Character Handling</A +></DT +><DT +>5.2. <A +HREF="#AEN288" +>The new functions</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3. <A +HREF="#AEN317" +>Macros in byteorder.h</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>5.3.1. <A +HREF="#AEN320" +>CVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.2. <A +HREF="#AEN323" +>PVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.3. <A +HREF="#AEN326" +>SCVAL(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.4. <A +HREF="#AEN329" +>SVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.5. <A +HREF="#AEN332" +>IVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.6. <A +HREF="#AEN335" +>SVALS(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.7. <A +HREF="#AEN338" +>IVALS(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.8. <A +HREF="#AEN341" +>SSVAL(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.9. <A +HREF="#AEN344" +>SIVAL(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.10. <A +HREF="#AEN347" +>SSVALS(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.11. <A +HREF="#AEN350" +>SIVALS(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.12. <A +HREF="#AEN353" +>RSVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.13. <A +HREF="#AEN356" +>RIVAL(buf,pos)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.14. <A +HREF="#AEN359" +>RSSVAL(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +><DT +>5.3.15. <A +HREF="#AEN362" +>RSIVAL(buf,pos,val)</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>5.4. <A +HREF="#AEN365" +>LAN Manager Samba API</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>5.4.1. <A +HREF="#AEN371" +>Parameters</A +></DT +><DT +>5.4.2. <A +HREF="#AEN406" +>Return value</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>5.5. <A +HREF="#AEN420" +>Code character table</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6. <A +HREF="#PARSING" +>The smb.conf file</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.1. <A +HREF="#AEN451" +>Lexical Analysis</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.1.1. <A +HREF="#AEN472" +>Handling of Whitespace</A +></DT +><DT +>6.1.2. <A +HREF="#AEN484" +>Handling of Line Continuation</A +></DT +><DT +>6.1.3. <A +HREF="#AEN495" +>Line Continuation Quirks</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6.2. <A +HREF="#AEN515" +>Syntax</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.2.1. <A +HREF="#AEN530" +>About params.c</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>7. <A +HREF="#UNIX-SMB" +>NetBIOS in a Unix World</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.1. <A +HREF="#AEN540" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>7.2. <A +HREF="#AEN544" +>Usernames</A +></DT +><DT +>7.3. <A +HREF="#AEN552" +>File Ownership</A +></DT +><DT +>7.4. <A +HREF="#AEN557" +>Passwords</A +></DT +><DT +>7.5. <A +HREF="#AEN563" +>Locking</A +></DT +><DT +>7.6. <A +HREF="#AEN571" +>Deny Modes</A +></DT +><DT +>7.7. <A +HREF="#AEN575" +>Trapdoor UIDs</A +></DT +><DT +>7.8. <A +HREF="#AEN579" +>Port numbers</A +></DT +><DT +>7.9. <A +HREF="#AEN584" +>Protocol Complexity</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>8. <A +HREF="#TRACING" +>Tracing samba system calls</A +></DT +><DT +>9. <A +HREF="#NTDOMAIN" +>NT Domain RPC's</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.1. <A +HREF="#AEN652" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.1.1. <A +HREF="#AEN688" +>Sources</A +></DT +><DT +>9.1.2. <A +HREF="#AEN695" +>Credits</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.2. <A +HREF="#AEN702" +>Notes and Structures</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.2.1. <A +HREF="#AEN704" +>Notes</A +></DT +><DT +>9.2.2. <A +HREF="#AEN717" +>Enumerations</A +></DT +><DT +>9.2.3. <A +HREF="#AEN775" +>Structures</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.3. <A +HREF="#AEN1571" +>MSRPC over Transact Named Pipe</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.3.1. <A +HREF="#AEN1574" +>MSRPC Pipes</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.2. <A +HREF="#AEN1588" +>Header</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.3. <A +HREF="#AEN1842" +>Tail</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.4. <A +HREF="#AEN1854" +>RPC Bind / Bind Ack</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.5. <A +HREF="#AEN1898" +>NTLSA Transact Named Pipe</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.6. <A +HREF="#AEN1939" +>LSA Open Policy</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.7. <A +HREF="#AEN1973" +>LSA Query Info Policy</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.8. <A +HREF="#AEN2001" +>LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.9. <A +HREF="#AEN2025" +>LSA Open Secret</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.10. <A +HREF="#AEN2054" +>LSA Close</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.11. <A +HREF="#AEN2071" +>LSA Lookup SIDS</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3.12. <A +HREF="#AEN2130" +>LSA Lookup Names</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.4. <A +HREF="#AEN2193" +>NETLOGON rpc Transact Named Pipe</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.4.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2232" +>LSA Request Challenge</A +></DT +><DT +>9.4.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2267" +>LSA Authenticate 2</A +></DT +><DT +>9.4.3. <A +HREF="#AEN2306" +>LSA Server Password Set</A +></DT +><DT +>9.4.4. <A +HREF="#AEN2335" +>LSA SAM Logon</A +></DT +><DT +>9.4.5. <A +HREF="#AEN2359" +>LSA SAM Logoff</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.5. <A +HREF="#AEN2382" +>\\MAILSLOT\NET\NTLOGON</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.5.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2386" +>Query for PDC</A +></DT +><DT +>9.5.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2460" +>SAM Logon</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.6. <A +HREF="#AEN2550" +>SRVSVC Transact Named Pipe</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.6.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2562" +>Net Share Enum</A +></DT +><DT +>9.6.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2623" +>Net Server Get Info</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.7. <A +HREF="#AEN2654" +>Cryptographic side of NT Domain Authentication</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.7.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2656" +>Definitions</A +></DT +><DT +>9.7.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2699" +>Protocol</A +></DT +><DT +>9.7.3. <A +HREF="#AEN2709" +>Comments</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9.8. <A +HREF="#AEN2716" +>SIDs and RIDs</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.8.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2724" +>Well-known SIDs</A +></DT +><DT +>9.8.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2812" +>Well-known RIDS</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10. <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +>Samba Printing Internals</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.1. <A +HREF="#AEN2896" +>Abstract</A +></DT +><DT +>10.2. <A +HREF="#AEN2899" +>Printing Interface to Various Back ends</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3. <A +HREF="#AEN2925" +>Print Queue TDB's</A +></DT +><DT +>10.4. <A +HREF="#AEN2959" +>ChangeID & Client Caching of Printer Information</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5. <A +HREF="#AEN2962" +>Windows NT/2K Printer Change Notify</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>11. <A +HREF="#WINS" +>Samba WINS Internals</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>11.1. <A +HREF="#AEN3033" +>WINS Failover</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>12. <A +HREF="#SAM" +>The Upcoming SAM System</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>12.1. <A +HREF="#AEN3054" +>Security in the 'new SAM'</A +></DT +><DT +>12.2. <A +HREF="#AEN3071" +>Standalone from UNIX</A +></DT +><DT +>12.3. <A +HREF="#AEN3075" +>Handles and Races in the new SAM</A +></DT +><DT +>12.4. <A +HREF="#AEN3086" +>Layers</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>12.4.1. <A +HREF="#AEN3088" +>Application</A +></DT +><DT +>12.4.2. <A +HREF="#AEN3091" +>SAM Interface</A +></DT +><DT +>12.4.3. <A +HREF="#AEN3095" +>SAM Modules</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>12.5. <A +HREF="#AEN3098" +>SAM Modules</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>12.5.1. <A +HREF="#AEN3100" +>Special Module: sam_passdb</A +></DT +><DT +>12.5.2. <A +HREF="#AEN3103" +>sam_ads</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>12.6. <A +HREF="#AEN3107" +>Memory Management</A +></DT +><DT +>12.7. <A +HREF="#AEN3121" +>Testing</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>13. <A +HREF="#PWENCRYPT" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1. <A +HREF="#AEN3147" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>13.2. <A +HREF="#AEN3151" +>How does it work?</A +></DT +><DT +>13.3. <A +HREF="#AEN3162" +><A +NAME="SMBPASSWDFILEFORMAT" +></A +>The smbpasswd file</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="NETBIOS" +></A +>Chapter 1. Definition of NetBIOS Protocol and Name Resolution Modes</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN24" +></A +>1.1. NETBIOS</H2 +><P +>NetBIOS runs over the following tranports: TCP/IP; NetBEUI and IPX/SPX. Samba only uses NetBIOS over TCP/IP. For details on the TCP/IP NetBIOS Session Service NetBIOS Datagram Service, and NetBIOS Names, see -rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. -</p><p> +rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt.</P +><P +> NetBEUI is a raw NetBIOS frame protocol implementation that allows NetBIOS datagrams to be sent out over the 'wire' embedded within LLC frames. NetBEUI is not required when using NetBIOS over TCP/IP protocols and it -is preferable NOT to install NetBEUI if it can be avoided. -</p><p> +is preferable NOT to install NetBEUI if it can be avoided.</P +><P +> IPX/SPX is also not required when using NetBIOS over TCP/IP, and it is preferable NOT to install the IPX/SPX transport unless you are using Novell servers. At the very least, it is recommended that you do not install -'NetBIOS over IPX/SPX'. -</p><p> -[When installing Windows 95, you will find that NetBEUI and IPX/SPX are +'NetBIOS over IPX/SPX'.</P +><P +>[When installing Windows 95, you will find that NetBEUI and IPX/SPX are installed as the default protocols. This is because they are the simplest -to manage: no Windows 95 user-configuration is required]. -</p><p> +to manage: no Windows 95 user-configuration is required].</P +><P +> NetBIOS applications (such as samba) offer their services (for example, SMB file and print sharing) on a NetBIOS name. They must claim this name on the network before doing so. The NetBIOS session service will then accept connections on the application's behalf (on the NetBIOS name claimed by the application). A NetBIOS session between the application -and the client can then commence. -</p><p> +and the client can then commence.</P +><P +> NetBIOS names consist of 15 characters plus a 'type' character. This is similar, in concept, to an IP address and a TCP port number, respectively. A NetBIOS-aware application on a host will offer different services under different NetBIOS name types, just as a host will offer different TCP/IP -services on different port numbers. -</p><p> +services on different port numbers.</P +><P +> NetBIOS names must be claimed on a network, and must be defended. The use of NetBIOS names is most suitable on a single subnet; a Local Area Network -or a Wide Area Network. -</p><p> +or a Wide Area Network.</P +><P +> NetBIOS names are either UNIQUE or GROUP. Only one application can claim a -UNIQUE NetBIOS name on a network. -</p><p> -There are two kinds of NetBIOS Name resolution: Broadcast and Point-to-Point. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791260"></a>BROADCAST NetBIOS</h2></div></div><p> +UNIQUE NetBIOS name on a network.</P +><P +>There are two kinds of NetBIOS Name resolution: Broadcast and Point-to-Point.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN35" +></A +>1.2. BROADCAST NetBIOS</H2 +><P +> Clients can claim names, and therefore offer services on successfully claimed names, on their broadcast-isolated subnet. One way to get NetBIOS services (such as browsing: see ftp.microsoft.com/drg/developr/CIFS/browdiff.txt; and SMB file/print sharing: see cifs4.txt) working on a LAN or WAN is to make -your routers forward all broadcast packets from TCP/IP ports 137, 138 and 139. -</p><p> +your routers forward all broadcast packets from TCP/IP ports 137, 138 and 139.</P +><P +> This, however, is not recommended. If you have a large LAN or WAN, you will find that some of your hosts spend 95 percent of their time dealing with broadcast traffic. [If you have IPX/SPX on your LAN or WAN, you will find that this is already happening: a packet analyzer will show, roughly -every twelve minutes, great swathes of broadcast traffic!]. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791291"></a>NBNS NetBIOS</h2></div></div><p> -rfc1001.txt describes, amongst other things, the implementation and use +every twelve minutes, great swathes of broadcast traffic!].</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN39" +></A +>1.3. NBNS NetBIOS</H2 +><P +>rfc1001.txt describes, amongst other things, the implementation and use of, a 'NetBIOS Name Service'. NT/AS offers 'Windows Internet Name Service' which is fully rfc1001/2 compliant, but has had to take specific action with certain NetBIOS names in order to make it useful. (for example, it -deals with the registration of <1c> <1d> <1e> names all in different ways. +deals with the registration of <1c> <1d> <1e> names all in different ways. I recommend the reading of the Microsoft WINS Server Help files for full -details). -</p><p> +details).</P +><P +> The use of a WINS server cuts down on broadcast network traffic for NetBIOS name resolution. It has the effect of pulling all the broadcast isolated subnets together into a single NetBIOS scope, across your LAN -or WAN, while avoiding the use of TCP/IP broadcast packets. -</p><p> -When you have a WINS server on your LAN, WINS clients will be able to +or WAN, while avoiding the use of TCP/IP broadcast packets.</P +><P +>When you have a WINS server on your LAN, WINS clients will be able to contact the WINS server to resolve NetBIOS names. Note that only those WINS clients that have registered with the same WINS server will be visible. The WINS server _can_ have static NetBIOS entries added to its database (usually for security reasons you might want to consider putting your domain controllers or other important servers as static entries, but you should not rely on this as your sole means of security), but for -the most part, NetBIOS names are registered dynamically. -</p><p> -This provides some confusion for lots of people, and is worth mentioning +the most part, NetBIOS names are registered dynamically.</P +><P +>This provides some confusion for lots of people, and is worth mentioning here: a Browse Server is NOT a WINS Server, even if these services are implemented in the same application. A Browse Server _needs_ a WINS server -because a Browse Server is a WINS client, which is _not_ the same thing]. -</p><p> -Clients can claim names, and therefore offer services on successfully claimed +because a Browse Server is a WINS client, which is _not_ the same thing].</P +><P +>Clients can claim names, and therefore offer services on successfully claimed names, on their broadcast-isolated subnet. One way to get NetBIOS services (such as browsing: see ftp.microsoft.com/drg/developr/CIFS/browdiff.txt; and SMB file/print sharing: see cifs6.txt) working on a LAN or WAN is to make your routers forward all broadcast packets from TCP/IP ports 137, 138 and 139. You will find, however, if you do this on a large LAN or a WAN, that your network is completely swamped by NetBIOS and browsing packets, which is why -WINS was developed to minimise the necessity of broadcast traffic. -</p><p> +WINS was developed to minimise the necessity of broadcast traffic.</P +><P +> WINS Clients therefore claim names from the WINS server. If the WINS server allows them to register a name, the client's NetBIOS session service can then offer services on this name. Other WINS clients will then -contact the WINS server to resolve a NetBIOS name. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="architecture"></a>Chapter 2. Samba Architecture</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Dan Shearer</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> November 1997</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2795118">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2795170">Multithreading and Samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790937">Threading smbd</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2843423">Threading nmbd</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791332">nbmd Design</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2795118"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This document gives a general overview of how Samba works +contact the WINS server to resolve a NetBIOS name.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="ARCHITECTURE" +></A +>Chapter 2. Samba Architecture</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN54" +></A +>2.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This document gives a general overview of how Samba works internally. The Samba Team has tried to come up with a model which is the best possible compromise between elegance, portability, security and the constraints imposed by the very messy SMB and CIFS -protocol. -</p><p> -It also tries to answer some of the frequently asked questions such as: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Is Samba secure when running on Unix? The xyz platform? - What about the root priveliges issue? -</p></li><li><p>Pros and cons of multithreading in various parts of Samba</p></li><li><p>Why not have a separate process for name resolution, WINS, and browsing?</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2795170"></a>Multithreading and Samba</h2></div></div><p> -People sometimes tout threads as a uniformly good thing. They are very +protocol. </P +><P +>It also tries to answer some of the frequently asked questions such as:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> Is Samba secure when running on Unix? The xyz platform? + What about the root priveliges issue?</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Pros and cons of multithreading in various parts of Samba</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Why not have a separate process for name resolution, WINS, and browsing?</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN65" +></A +>2.2. Multithreading and Samba</H2 +><P +>People sometimes tout threads as a uniformly good thing. They are very nice in their place but are quite inappropriate for smbd. nmbd is -another matter, and multi-threading it would be very nice. -</p><p> -The short version is that smbd is not multithreaded, and alternative +another matter, and multi-threading it would be very nice. </P +><P +>The short version is that smbd is not multithreaded, and alternative servers that take this approach under Unix (such as Syntax, at the time of writing) suffer tremendous performance penalties and are less robust. nmbd is not threaded either, but this is because it is not possible to do it while keeping code consistent and portable across 35 -or more platforms. (This drawback also applies to threading smbd.) -</p><p> -The longer versions is that there are very good reasons for not making +or more platforms. (This drawback also applies to threading smbd.)</P +><P +>The longer versions is that there are very good reasons for not making smbd multi-threaded. Multi-threading would actually make Samba much slower, less scalable, less portable and much less robust. The fact that we use a separate process for each connection is one of Samba's -biggest advantages. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790937"></a>Threading smbd</h2></div></div><p> -A few problems that would arise from a threaded smbd are: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - It's not only to create threads instead of processes, but you +biggest advantages.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN70" +></A +>2.3. Threading smbd</H2 +><P +>A few problems that would arise from a threaded smbd are:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> It's not only to create threads instead of processes, but you must care about all variables if they have to be thread specific - (currently they would be global). -</p></li><li><p> - if one thread dies (eg. a seg fault) then all threads die. We can - immediately throw robustness out the window. -</p></li><li><p> - many of the system calls we make are blocking. Non-blocking + (currently they would be global).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> if one thread dies (eg. a seg fault) then all threads die. We can + immediately throw robustness out the window.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> many of the system calls we make are blocking. Non-blocking equivalents of many calls are either not available or are awkward (and slow) to use. So while we block in one thread all clients are waiting. Imagine if one share is a slow NFS filesystem and the others - are fast, we will end up slowing all clients to the speed of NFS. -</p></li><li><p> - you can't run as a different uid in different threads. This means + are fast, we will end up slowing all clients to the speed of NFS.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> you can't run as a different uid in different threads. This means we would have to switch uid/gid on _every_ SMB packet. It would be - horrendously slow. -</p></li><li><p> - the per process file descriptor limit would mean that we could only - support a limited number of clients. -</p></li><li><p> - we couldn't use the system locking calls as the locking context of - fcntl() is a process, not a thread. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2843423"></a>Threading nmbd</h2></div></div><p> -This would be ideal, but gets sunk by portability requirements. -</p><p> -Andrew tried to write a test threads library for nmbd that used only + horrendously slow.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> the per process file descriptor limit would mean that we could only + support a limited number of clients.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> we couldn't use the system locking calls as the locking context of + fcntl() is a process, not a thread.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN86" +></A +>2.4. Threading nmbd</H2 +><P +>This would be ideal, but gets sunk by portability requirements.</P +><P +>Andrew tried to write a test threads library for nmbd that used only ansi-C constructs (using setjmp and longjmp). Unfortunately some OSes defeat this by restricting longjmp to calling addresses that are shallower than the current address on the stack (apparently AIX does @@ -180,22 +1095,31 @@ and without threads, and as the real aim of threads is to make the code clearer we would not have gained anything. (it is a myth that threads make things faster. threading is like recursion, it can make things clear but the same thing can always be done faster by some -other method) -</p><p> -Chris tried to spec out a general design that would abstract threading +other method)</P +><P +>Chris tried to spec out a general design that would abstract threading vs separate processes (vs other methods?) and make them accessible through some general API. This doesn't work because of the data sharing requirements of the protocol (packets in the future depending on packets now, etc.) At least, the code would work but would be very -clumsy, and besides the fork() type model would never work on Unix. (Is there an OS that it would work on, for nmbd?) -</p><p> -A fork() is cheap, but not nearly cheap enough to do on every UDP +clumsy, and besides the fork() type model would never work on Unix. (Is there an OS that it would work on, for nmbd?)</P +><P +>A fork() is cheap, but not nearly cheap enough to do on every UDP packet that arrives. Having a pool of processes is possible but is nasty to program cleanly due to the enormous amount of shared data (in complex structures) between the processes. We can't rely on each -platform having a shared memory system. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791332"></a>nbmd Design</h2></div></div><p> -Originally Andrew used recursion to simulate a multi-threaded +platform having a shared memory system.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN92" +></A +>2.5. nbmd Design</H2 +><P +>Originally Andrew used recursion to simulate a multi-threaded environment, which use the stack enormously and made for really confusing debugging sessions. Luke Leighton rewrote it to use a queuing system that keeps state information on each packet. The @@ -207,18 +1131,37 @@ and a pointer to a user-defined memory block. This suddenly made things much simpler: large numbers of functions could be made static, and modularised. This is the same principle as used in NT's kernel, and achieves the same effect as threads, but in -a single process. -</p><p> -Then Jeremy rewrote nmbd. The packet data in nmbd isn't what's on the +a single process.</P +><P +>Then Jeremy rewrote nmbd. The packet data in nmbd isn't what's on the wire. It's a nice format that is very amenable to processing but still -keeps the idea of a distinct packet. See "struct packet_struct" in +keeps the idea of a distinct packet. See "struct packet_struct" in nameserv.h. It has all the detail but none of the on-the-wire mess. This makes it ideal for using in disk or memory-based databases -for browsing and WINS support. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="debug"></a>Chapter 3. The samba DEBUG system</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Chris Hertel</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">July 1998</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2790677">New Output Syntax</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791433">The DEBUG() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2791102">The DEBUGADD() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790705">The DEBUGLVL() Macro</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790812">New Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2790819">dbgtext()</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790839">dbghdr()</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790862">format_debug_text()</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790677"></a>New Output Syntax</h2></div></div><p> - The syntax of a debugging log file is represented as: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - >debugfile< :== { >debugmsg< } +for browsing and WINS support. </P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="DEBUG" +></A +>Chapter 3. The samba DEBUG system</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN103" +></A +>3.1. New Output Syntax</H2 +><P +> The syntax of a debugging log file is represented as:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> >debugfile< :== { >debugmsg< } >debugmsg< :== >debughdr< '\n' >debugtext< @@ -226,178 +1169,323 @@ for browsing and WINS support. >debugtext< :== { >debugline< } - >debugline< :== TEXT '\n' -</pre><p> -TEXT is a string of characters excluding the newline character. -</p><p> -LEVEL is the DEBUG level of the message (an integer in the range - 0..10). -</p><p> -TIME is a timestamp. -</p><p> -FILE is the name of the file from which the debug message was -generated. -</p><p> -FUNCTION is the function from which the debug message was generated. -</p><p> -LINE is the line number of the debug statement that generated the -message. -</p><p>Basically, what that all means is:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -A debugging log file is made up of debug messages. -</p></li><li><p> -Each debug message is made up of a header and text. The header is -separated from the text by a newline. -</p></li><li><p> -The header begins with the timestamp and debug level of the + >debugline< :== TEXT '\n'</PRE +></P +><P +>TEXT is a string of characters excluding the newline character.</P +><P +>LEVEL is the DEBUG level of the message (an integer in the range + 0..10).</P +><P +>TIME is a timestamp.</P +><P +>FILE is the name of the file from which the debug message was +generated.</P +><P +>FUNCTION is the function from which the debug message was generated.</P +><P +>LINE is the line number of the debug statement that generated the +message.</P +><P +>Basically, what that all means is:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>A debugging log file is made up of debug messages.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Each debug message is made up of a header and text. The header is +separated from the text by a newline.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The header begins with the timestamp and debug level of the message enclosed in brackets. The filename, function, and line number at which the message was generated follow. The filename is terminated by a colon, and the function name is terminated by the parenthesis which contain the line number. Depending upon the compiler, the function name may be missing (it is generated by the -__FUNCTION__ macro, which is not universally implemented, dangit). -</p></li><li><p> -The message text is made up of zero or more lines, each terminated -by a newline. -</p></li></ol></div><p>Here's some example output:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [1998/08/03 12:55:25, 1] nmbd.c:(659) +__FUNCTION__ macro, which is not universally implemented, dangit).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The message text is made up of zero or more lines, each terminated +by a newline.</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>Here's some example output:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [1998/08/03 12:55:25, 1] nmbd.c:(659) Netbios nameserver version 1.9.19-prealpha started. Copyright Andrew Tridgell 1994-1997 [1998/08/03 12:55:25, 3] loadparm.c:(763) - Initializing global parameters -</pre><p> -Note that in the above example the function names are not listed on + Initializing global parameters</PRE +></P +><P +>Note that in the above example the function names are not listed on the header line. That's because the example above was generated on an -SGI Indy, and the SGI compiler doesn't support the __FUNCTION__ macro. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791433"></a>The DEBUG() Macro</h2></div></div><p> -Use of the DEBUG() macro is unchanged. DEBUG() takes two parameters. +SGI Indy, and the SGI compiler doesn't support the __FUNCTION__ macro.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN128" +></A +>3.2. The DEBUG() Macro</H2 +><P +>Use of the DEBUG() macro is unchanged. DEBUG() takes two parameters. The first is the message level, the second is the body of a function -call to the Debug1() function. -</p><p>That's confusing.</p><p>Here's an example which may help a bit. If you would write</p><pre class="programlisting"> -printf( "This is a %s message.\n", "debug" ); -</pre><p> -to send the output to stdout, then you would write -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -DEBUG( 0, ( "This is a %s message.\n", "debug" ) ); -</pre><p> -to send the output to the debug file. All of the normal printf() -formatting escapes work. -</p><p> -Note that in the above example the DEBUG message level is set to 0. +call to the Debug1() function.</P +><P +>That's confusing.</P +><P +>Here's an example which may help a bit. If you would write</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>printf( "This is a %s message.\n", "debug" );</PRE +></P +><P +>to send the output to stdout, then you would write</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>DEBUG( 0, ( "This is a %s message.\n", "debug" ) );</PRE +></P +><P +>to send the output to the debug file. All of the normal printf() +formatting escapes work.</P +><P +>Note that in the above example the DEBUG message level is set to 0. Messages at level 0 always print. Basically, if the message level is less than or equal to the global value DEBUGLEVEL, then the DEBUG -statement is processed. -</p><p> -The output of the above example would be something like: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(128) - This is a debug message. -</pre><p> -Each call to DEBUG() creates a new header *unless* the output produced +statement is processed.</P +><P +>The output of the above example would be something like:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(128) + This is a debug message.</PRE +></P +><P +>Each call to DEBUG() creates a new header *unless* the output produced by the previous call to DEBUG() did not end with a '\n'. Output to the debug file is passed through a formatting buffer which is flushed every time a newline is encountered. If the buffer is not empty when -DEBUG() is called, the new input is simply appended. -</p><p> -...but that's really just a Kludge. It was put in place because +DEBUG() is called, the new input is simply appended.</P +><P +>...but that's really just a Kludge. It was put in place because DEBUG() has been used to write partial lines. Here's a simple (dumb) -example of the kind of thing I'm talking about: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - DEBUG( 0, ("The test returned " ) ); +example of the kind of thing I'm talking about:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> DEBUG( 0, ("The test returned " ) ); if( test() ) - DEBUG(0, ("True") ); + DEBUG(0, ("True") ); else - DEBUG(0, ("False") ); - DEBUG(0, (".\n") ); -</pre><p> -Without the format buffer, the output (assuming test() returned true) -would look like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(256) + DEBUG(0, ("False") ); + DEBUG(0, (".\n") );</PRE +></P +><P +>Without the format buffer, the output (assuming test() returned true) +would look like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(256) The test returned [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(258) True [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(261) - . -</pre><p>Which isn't much use. The format buffer kludge fixes this problem. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2791102"></a>The DEBUGADD() Macro</h2></div></div><p> -In addition to the kludgey solution to the broken line problem + .</PRE +></P +><P +>Which isn't much use. The format buffer kludge fixes this problem.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN151" +></A +>3.3. The DEBUGADD() Macro</H2 +><P +>In addition to the kludgey solution to the broken line problem described above, there is a clean solution. The DEBUGADD() macro never generates a header. It will append new text to the current debug message even if the format buffer is empty. The syntax of the -DEBUGADD() macro is the same as that of the DEBUG() macro. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - DEBUG( 0, ("This is the first line.\n" ) ); - DEBUGADD( 0, ("This is the second line.\nThis is the third line.\n" ) ); -</pre><p>Produces</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(512) +DEBUGADD() macro is the same as that of the DEBUG() macro.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> DEBUG( 0, ("This is the first line.\n" ) ); + DEBUGADD( 0, ("This is the second line.\nThis is the third line.\n" ) );</PRE +></P +><P +>Produces</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [1998/07/30 16:00:51, 0] file.c:function(512) This is the first line. This is the second line. - This is the third line. -</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790705"></a>The DEBUGLVL() Macro</h2></div></div><p> -One of the problems with the DEBUG() macro was that DEBUG() lines + This is the third line.</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN159" +></A +>3.4. The DEBUGLVL() Macro</H2 +><P +>One of the problems with the DEBUG() macro was that DEBUG() lines tended to get a bit long. Consider this example from -nmbd_sendannounce.c: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - DEBUG(3,("send_local_master_announcement: type %x for name %s on subnet %s for workgroup %s\n", - type, global_myname, subrec->subnet_name, work->work_group)); -</pre><p> -One solution to this is to break it down using DEBUG() and DEBUGADD(), -as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - DEBUG( 3, ( "send_local_master_announcement: " ) ); - DEBUGADD( 3, ( "type %x for name %s ", type, global_myname ) ); - DEBUGADD( 3, ( "on subnet %s ", subrec->subnet_name ) ); - DEBUGADD( 3, ( "for workgroup %s\n", work->work_group ) ); -</pre><p> -A similar, but arguably nicer approach is to use the DEBUGLVL() macro. +nmbd_sendannounce.c:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> DEBUG(3,("send_local_master_announcement: type %x for name %s on subnet %s for workgroup %s\n", + type, global_myname, subrec->subnet_name, work->work_group));</PRE +></P +><P +>One solution to this is to break it down using DEBUG() and DEBUGADD(), +as follows:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> DEBUG( 3, ( "send_local_master_announcement: " ) ); + DEBUGADD( 3, ( "type %x for name %s ", type, global_myname ) ); + DEBUGADD( 3, ( "on subnet %s ", subrec->subnet_name ) ); + DEBUGADD( 3, ( "for workgroup %s\n", work->work_group ) );</PRE +></P +><P +>A similar, but arguably nicer approach is to use the DEBUGLVL() macro. This macro returns True if the message level is less than or equal to -the global DEBUGLEVEL value, so: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - if( DEBUGLVL( 3 ) ) +the global DEBUGLEVEL value, so:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> if( DEBUGLVL( 3 ) ) { - dbgtext( "send_local_master_announcement: " ); - dbgtext( "type %x for name %s ", type, global_myname ); - dbgtext( "on subnet %s ", subrec->subnet_name ); - dbgtext( "for workgroup %s\n", work->work_group ); - } -</pre><p>(The dbgtext() function is explained below.)</p><p>There are a few advantages to this scheme:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -The test is performed only once. -</p></li><li><p> -You can allocate variables off of the stack that will only be used -within the DEBUGLVL() block. -</p></li><li><p> -Processing that is only relevant to debug output can be contained -within the DEBUGLVL() block. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790812"></a>New Functions</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2790819"></a>dbgtext()</h3></div></div><p> -This function prints debug message text to the debug file (and + dbgtext( "send_local_master_announcement: " ); + dbgtext( "type %x for name %s ", type, global_myname ); + dbgtext( "on subnet %s ", subrec->subnet_name ); + dbgtext( "for workgroup %s\n", work->work_group ); + }</PRE +></P +><P +>(The dbgtext() function is explained below.)</P +><P +>There are a few advantages to this scheme:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>The test is performed only once.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>You can allocate variables off of the stack that will only be used +within the DEBUGLVL() block.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Processing that is only relevant to debug output can be contained +within the DEBUGLVL() block.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN179" +></A +>3.5. New Functions</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN181" +></A +>3.5.1. dbgtext()</H3 +><P +>This function prints debug message text to the debug file (and possibly to syslog) via the format buffer. The function uses a variable argument list just like printf() or Debug1(). The input is printed into a buffer using the vslprintf() function, and then passed to format_debug_text(). If you use DEBUGLVL() you will probably print the body of the -message using dbgtext(). -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2790839"></a>dbghdr()</h3></div></div><p> -This is the function that writes a debug message header. +message using dbgtext(). </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN184" +></A +>3.5.2. dbghdr()</H3 +><P +>This is the function that writes a debug message header. Headers are not processed via the format buffer. Also note that if the format buffer is not empty, a call to dbghdr() will not -produce any output. See the comments in dbghdr() for more info. -</p><p> -It is not likely that this function will be called directly. It -is used by DEBUG() and DEBUGADD(). -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2790862"></a>format_debug_text()</h3></div></div><p> -This is a static function in debug.c. It stores the output text +produce any output. See the comments in dbghdr() for more info.</P +><P +>It is not likely that this function will be called directly. It +is used by DEBUG() and DEBUGADD().</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN188" +></A +>3.5.3. format_debug_text()</H3 +><P +>This is a static function in debug.c. It stores the output text for the body of the message in a buffer until it encounters a newline. When the newline character is found, the buffer is written to the debug file via the Debug1() function, and the buffer is reset. This allows us to add the indentation at the beginning of each line of the message body, and also ensures that the output is written a line at a time (which cleans up -syslog output). -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CodingSuggestions"></a>Chapter 4. Coding Suggestions</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Steve French</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Simo Sorce</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Bartlett</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Tim Potter</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Martin Pool</h3></div></div></div><p> -So you want to add code to Samba ... -</p><p> -One of the daunting tasks facing a programmer attempting to write code for +syslog output).</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="CODINGSUGGESTIONS" +></A +>Chapter 4. Coding Suggestions</H1 +><P +>So you want to add code to Samba ...</P +><P +>One of the daunting tasks facing a programmer attempting to write code for Samba is understanding the various coding conventions used by those most active in the project. These conventions were mostly unwritten and helped improve either the portability, stability or consistency of the code. This @@ -405,181 +1493,305 @@ document will attempt to document a few of the more important coding practices used at this time on the Samba project. The coding practices are expected to change slightly over time, and even to grow as more is learned about obscure portability considerations. Two existing documents -<tt>samba/source/internals.doc</tt> and -<tt>samba/source/architecture.doc</tt> provide -additional information. -</p><p> -The loosely related question of coding style is very personal and this +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>samba/source/internals.doc</TT +> and +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>samba/source/architecture.doc</TT +> provide +additional information.</P +><P +>The loosely related question of coding style is very personal and this document does not attempt to address that subject, except to say that I have observed that eight character tabs seem to be preferred in Samba source. If you are interested in the topic of coding style, two oft-quoted -documents are: -</p><p> -<a href="http://lxr.linux.no/source/Documentation/CodingStyle" target="_top">http://lxr.linux.no/source/Documentation/CodingStyle</a> -</p><p> -<a href="http://www.fsf.org/prep/standards_toc.html" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/prep/standards_toc.html</a> -</p><p> -But note that coding style in Samba varies due to the many different -programmers who have contributed. -</p><p> -Following are some considerations you should use when adding new code to -Samba. First and foremost remember that: -</p><p> -Portability is a primary consideration in adding function, as is network +documents are:</P +><P +><A +HREF="http://lxr.linux.no/source/Documentation/CodingStyle" +TARGET="_top" +>http://lxr.linux.no/source/Documentation/CodingStyle</A +></P +><P +><A +HREF="http://www.fsf.org/prep/standards_toc.html" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.fsf.org/prep/standards_toc.html</A +></P +><P +>But note that coding style in Samba varies due to the many different +programmers who have contributed.</P +><P +>Following are some considerations you should use when adding new code to +Samba. First and foremost remember that:</P +><P +>Portability is a primary consideration in adding function, as is network compatability with de facto, existing, real world CIFS/SMB implementations. There are lots of platforms that Samba builds on so use caution when adding a call to a library function that is not invoked in existing Samba code. Also note that there are many quite different SMB/CIFS clients that Samba tries to support, not all of which follow the SNIA CIFS Technical Reference (or the earlier Microsoft reference documents or the X/Open book on the SMB -Standard) perfectly. -</p><p> -Here are some other suggestions: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - use d_printf instead of printf for display text - reason: enable auto-substitution of translated language text -</p></li><li><p> - use SAFE_FREE instead of free - reason: reduce traps due to null pointers -</p></li><li><p> - don't use bzero use memset, or ZERO_STRUCT and ZERO_STRUCTP macros - reason: not POSIX -</p></li><li><p> - don't use strcpy and strlen (use safe_* equivalents) - reason: to avoid traps due to buffer overruns -</p></li><li><p> - don't use getopt_long, use popt functions instead - reason: portability -</p></li><li><p> - explicitly add const qualifiers on parm passing in functions where parm - is input only (somewhat controversial but const can be #defined away) -</p></li><li><p> - when passing a va_list as an arg, or assigning one to another +Standard) perfectly.</P +><P +>Here are some other suggestions:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> use d_printf instead of printf for display text + reason: enable auto-substitution of translated language text </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> use SAFE_FREE instead of free + reason: reduce traps due to null pointers</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> don't use bzero use memset, or ZERO_STRUCT and ZERO_STRUCTP macros + reason: not POSIX</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> don't use strcpy and strlen (use safe_* equivalents) + reason: to avoid traps due to buffer overruns</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> don't use getopt_long, use popt functions instead + reason: portability</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> explicitly add const qualifiers on parm passing in functions where parm + is input only (somewhat controversial but const can be #defined away)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> when passing a va_list as an arg, or assigning one to another please use the VA_COPY() macro reason: on some platforms, va_list is a struct that must be - initialized in each function...can SEGV if you don't. -</p></li><li><p> - discourage use of threads - reason: portability (also see architecture.doc) -</p></li><li><p> - don't explicitly include new header files in C files - new h files + initialized in each function...can SEGV if you don't.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> discourage use of threads + reason: portability (also see architecture.doc)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> don't explicitly include new header files in C files - new h files should be included by adding them once to includes.h - reason: consistency -</p></li><li><p> - don't explicitly extern functions (they are autogenerated by - "make proto" into proto.h) - reason: consistency -</p></li><li><p> - use endian safe macros when unpacking SMBs (see byteorder.h and + reason: consistency</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> don't explicitly extern functions (they are autogenerated by + "make proto" into proto.h) + reason: consistency</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> use endian safe macros when unpacking SMBs (see byteorder.h and internals.doc) - reason: not everyone uses Intel -</p></li><li><p> - Note Unicode implications of charset handling (see internals.doc). See + reason: not everyone uses Intel</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Note Unicode implications of charset handling (see internals.doc). See pull_* and push_* and convert_string functions. - reason: Internationalization -</p></li><li><p> - Don't assume English only - reason: See above -</p></li><li><p> - Try to avoid using in/out parameters (functions that return data which + reason: Internationalization</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Don't assume English only + reason: See above</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Try to avoid using in/out parameters (functions that return data which overwrites input parameters) - reason: Can cause stability problems -</p></li><li><p> - Ensure copyright notices are correct, don't append Tridge's name to code + reason: Can cause stability problems</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Ensure copyright notices are correct, don't append Tridge's name to code that he didn't write. If you did not write the code, make sure that it - can coexist with the rest of the Samba GPLed code. -</p></li><li><p> - Consider usage of DATA_BLOBs for length specified byte-data. - reason: stability -</p></li><li><p> - Take advantage of tdbs for database like function - reason: consistency -</p></li><li><p> - Don't access the SAM_ACCOUNT structure directly, they should be accessed + can coexist with the rest of the Samba GPLed code.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Consider usage of DATA_BLOBs for length specified byte-data. + reason: stability</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Take advantage of tdbs for database like function + reason: consistency</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Don't access the SAM_ACCOUNT structure directly, they should be accessed via pdb_get...() and pdb_set...() functions. - reason: stability, consistency -</p></li><li><p> - Don't check a password directly against the passdb, always use the + reason: stability, consistency</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Don't check a password directly against the passdb, always use the check_password() interface. - reason: long term pluggability -</p></li><li><p> - Try to use asprintf rather than pstrings and fstrings where possible -</p></li><li><p> - Use normal C comments / * instead of C++ comments // like + reason: long term pluggability</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Try to use asprintf rather than pstrings and fstrings where possible</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Use normal C comments / * instead of C++ comments // like this. Although the C++ comment format is part of the C99 - standard, some older vendor C compilers do not accept it. -</p></li><li><p> - Try to write documentation for API functions and structures + standard, some older vendor C compilers do not accept it.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Try to write documentation for API functions and structures explaining the point of the code, the way it should be used, and any special conditions or results. Mark these with a double-star comment start / ** so that they can be picked up by Doxygen, as in - this file. -</p></li><li><p> - Keep the scope narrow. This means making functions/variables + this file.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Keep the scope narrow. This means making functions/variables static whenever possible. We don't want our namespace polluted. Each module should have a minimal number of externally - visible functions or variables. -</p></li><li><p> - Use function pointers to keep knowledge about particular pieces of + visible functions or variables.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Use function pointers to keep knowledge about particular pieces of code isolated in one place. We don't want a particular piece of functionality to be spread out across lots of places - that makes for fragile, hand to maintain code. Instead, design an interface and use tables containing function pointers to implement specific functionality. This is particularly important for command - interpreters. -</p></li><li><p> - Think carefully about what it will be like for someone else to add + interpreters. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Think carefully about what it will be like for someone else to add to and maintain your code. If it would be hard for someone else to - maintain then do it another way. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -The suggestions above are simply that, suggestions, but the information may + maintain then do it another way. </P +></LI +></OL +><P +>The suggestions above are simply that, suggestions, but the information may help in reducing the routine rework done on new code. The preceeding list is expected to change routinely as new support routines and macros are -added. -</p></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="internals"></a>Chapter 5. Samba Internals</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">David Chappell</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:David.Chappell@mail.trincoll.edu">David.Chappell@mail.trincoll.edu</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 May 1996</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2857490">Character Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2857515">The new functions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2857977">Macros in byteorder.h</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857991">CVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858005">PVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858019">SCVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858032">SVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858048">IVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858062">SVALS(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858077">IVALS(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858091">SSVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858106">SIVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858120">SSVALS(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858134">SIVALS(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858149">RSVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858163">RIVAL(buf,pos)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858177">RSSVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858192">RSIVAL(buf,pos,val)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858208">LAN Manager Samba API</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858243">Parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858395">Return value</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858481">Code character table</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2857490"></a>Character Handling</h2></div></div><p> -This section describes character set handling in Samba, as implemented in -Samba 3.0 and above -</p><p> -In the past Samba had very ad-hoc character set handling. Scattered +added.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="INTERNALS" +></A +>Chapter 5. Samba Internals</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN284" +></A +>5.1. Character Handling</H2 +><P +>This section describes character set handling in Samba, as implemented in +Samba 3.0 and above</P +><P +>In the past Samba had very ad-hoc character set handling. Scattered throughout the code were numerous calls which converted particular strings to/from DOS codepages. The problem is that there was no way of telling if a particular char* is in dos codepage or unix codepage. This led to a nightmare of code that tried to cope with -particular cases without handlingt the general case. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2857515"></a>The new functions</h2></div></div><p> -The new system works like this: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - all char* strings inside Samba are "unix" strings. These are - multi-byte strings that are in the charset defined by the "unix - charset" option in smb.conf. -</p></li><li><p> - there is no single fixed character set for unix strings, but any +particular cases without handlingt the general case.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN288" +></A +>5.2. The new functions</H2 +><P +>The new system works like this:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> all char* strings inside Samba are "unix" strings. These are + multi-byte strings that are in the charset defined by the "unix + charset" option in smb.conf. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> there is no single fixed character set for unix strings, but any character set that is used does need the following properties: - </p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="a"><li><p> - must not contain NULLs except for termination - </p></li><li><p> - must be 7-bit compatible with C strings, so that a constant + </P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="a" +><LI +><P +> must not contain NULLs except for termination + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> must be 7-bit compatible with C strings, so that a constant string or character in C will be byte-for-byte identical to the equivalent string in the chosen character set. - </p></li><li><p> - when you uppercase or lowercase a string it does not become + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> when you uppercase or lowercase a string it does not become longer than the original string - </p></li><li><p> - must be able to correctly hold all characters that your client + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> must be able to correctly hold all characters that your client will throw at it - </p></li></ol></div><p> - For example, UTF-8 is fine, and most multi-byte asian character sets + </P +></LI +></OL +><P +> For example, UTF-8 is fine, and most multi-byte asian character sets are fine, but UCS2 could not be used for unix strings as they contain nulls. - </p></li><li><p> - when you need to put a string into a buffer that will be sent on the + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> when you need to put a string into a buffer that will be sent on the wire, or you need a string in a character set format that is compatible with the clients character set then you need to use a pull_ or push_ function. The pull_ functions pull a string from a wire buffer into a (multi-byte) unix string. The push_ functions - push a string out to a wire buffer. -</p></li><li><p> - the two main pull_ and push_ functions you need to understand are + push a string out to a wire buffer. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> the two main pull_ and push_ functions you need to understand are pull_string and push_string. These functions take a base pointer that should point at the start of the SMB packet that the string is in. The functions will check the flags field in this packet to @@ -589,426 +1801,953 @@ The new system works like this: STR_ASCII flags. For use in smbd/ and libsmb/ there are wrapper functions clistr_ and srvstr_ that call the pull_/push_ functions with the appropriate first argument. - </p><p> - You may also call the pull_ascii/pull_ucs2 or push_ascii/push_ucs2 + </P +><P +> You may also call the pull_ascii/pull_ucs2 or push_ascii/push_ucs2 functions if you know that a particular string is ascii or unicode. There are also a number of other convenience functions in charcnv.c that call the pull_/push_ functions with particularly common arguments, such as pull_ascii_pstring() - </p></li><li><p> - The biggest thing to remember is that internal (unix) strings in Samba + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The biggest thing to remember is that internal (unix) strings in Samba may now contain multi-byte characters. This means you cannot assume that characters are always 1 byte long. Often this means that you will have to convert strings to ucs2 and back again in order to do some (seemingly) simple task. For examples of how to do this see functions like strchr_m(). I know this is very slow, and we will eventually - speed it up but right now we want this stuff correct not fast. -</p></li><li><p> - all lp_ functions now return unix strings. The magic "DOS" flag on - parameters is gone. -</p></li><li><p> - all vfs functions take unix strings. Don't convert when passing to them -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2857977"></a>Macros in byteorder.h</h2></div></div><p> -This section describes the macros defined in byteorder.h. These macros -are used extensively in the Samba code. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2857991"></a>CVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p> -returns the byte at offset pos within buffer buf as an unsigned character. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858005"></a>PVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of CVAL(buf,pos) cast to type unsigned integer.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858019"></a>SCVAL(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the byte at offset pos within buffer buf to value val.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858032"></a>SVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p> - returns the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) little-endian integer at + speed it up but right now we want this stuff correct not fast.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> all lp_ functions now return unix strings. The magic "DOS" flag on + parameters is gone.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> all vfs functions take unix strings. Don't convert when passing to them</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN317" +></A +>5.3. Macros in byteorder.h</H2 +><P +>This section describes the macros defined in byteorder.h. These macros +are used extensively in the Samba code.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN320" +></A +>5.3.1. CVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the byte at offset pos within buffer buf as an unsigned character.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN323" +></A +>5.3.2. PVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of CVAL(buf,pos) cast to type unsigned integer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN326" +></A +>5.3.3. SCVAL(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the byte at offset pos within buffer buf to value val.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN329" +></A +>5.3.4. SVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +> returns the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) little-endian integer at offset pos within buffer buf. An integer of this type is sometimes - refered to as "USHORT". -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858048"></a>IVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of the unsigned 32 bit little-endian integer at offset -pos within buffer buf.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858062"></a>SVALS(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of the signed short (16 bit) little-endian integer at -offset pos within buffer buf.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858077"></a>IVALS(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of the signed 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos -within buffer buf.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858091"></a>SSVAL(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the unsigned short (16 bit) little-endian integer at offset pos within -buffer buf to value val.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858106"></a>SIVAL(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the unsigned 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos within buffer -buf to the value val.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858120"></a>SSVALS(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the short (16 bit) signed little-endian integer at offset pos within -buffer buf to the value val.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858134"></a>SIVALS(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the signed 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos withing buffer -buf to the value val.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858149"></a>RSVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) big-endian integer at -offset pos within buffer buf.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858163"></a>RIVAL(buf,pos)</h3></div></div><p>returns the value of the unsigned 32 bit big-endian integer at offset -pos within buffer buf.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858177"></a>RSSVAL(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) big-endian integer at + refered to as "USHORT".</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN332" +></A +>5.3.5. IVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of the unsigned 32 bit little-endian integer at offset +pos within buffer buf.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN335" +></A +>5.3.6. SVALS(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of the signed short (16 bit) little-endian integer at +offset pos within buffer buf.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN338" +></A +>5.3.7. IVALS(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of the signed 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos +within buffer buf.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN341" +></A +>5.3.8. SSVAL(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the unsigned short (16 bit) little-endian integer at offset pos within +buffer buf to value val.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN344" +></A +>5.3.9. SIVAL(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the unsigned 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos within buffer +buf to the value val.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN347" +></A +>5.3.10. SSVALS(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the short (16 bit) signed little-endian integer at offset pos within +buffer buf to the value val.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN350" +></A +>5.3.11. SIVALS(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the signed 32 bit little-endian integer at offset pos withing buffer +buf to the value val.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN353" +></A +>5.3.12. RSVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) big-endian integer at +offset pos within buffer buf.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN356" +></A +>5.3.13. RIVAL(buf,pos)</H3 +><P +>returns the value of the unsigned 32 bit big-endian integer at offset +pos within buffer buf.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN359" +></A +>5.3.14. RSSVAL(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the value of the unsigned short (16 bit) big-endian integer at offset pos within buffer buf to value val. -refered to as "USHORT".</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858192"></a>RSIVAL(buf,pos,val)</h3></div></div><p>sets the value of the unsigned 32 bit big-endian integer at offset -pos within buffer buf to value val.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858208"></a>LAN Manager Samba API</h2></div></div><p> -This section describes the functions need to make a LAN Manager RPC call. +refered to as "USHORT".</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN362" +></A +>5.3.15. RSIVAL(buf,pos,val)</H3 +><P +>sets the value of the unsigned 32 bit big-endian integer at offset +pos within buffer buf to value val.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN365" +></A +>5.4. LAN Manager Samba API</H2 +><P +>This section describes the functions need to make a LAN Manager RPC call. This information had been obtained by examining the Samba code and the LAN Manager 2.0 API documentation. It should not be considered entirely -reliable. -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -call_api(int prcnt, int drcnt, int mprcnt, int mdrcnt, - char *param, char *data, char **rparam, char **rdata); -</pre><p> -</p><p> -This function is defined in client.c. It uses an SMB transaction to call a -remote api. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858243"></a>Parameters</h3></div></div><p>The parameters are as follows:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - prcnt: the number of bytes of parameters begin sent. -</p></li><li><p> - drcnt: the number of bytes of data begin sent. -</p></li><li><p> - mprcnt: the maximum number of bytes of parameters which should be returned -</p></li><li><p> - mdrcnt: the maximum number of bytes of data which should be returned -</p></li><li><p> - param: a pointer to the parameters to be sent. -</p></li><li><p> - data: a pointer to the data to be sent. -</p></li><li><p> - rparam: a pointer to a pointer which will be set to point to the returned - paramters. The caller of call_api() must deallocate this memory. -</p></li><li><p> - rdata: a pointer to a pointer which will be set to point to the returned - data. The caller of call_api() must deallocate this memory. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -These are the parameters which you ought to send, in the order of their -appearance in the parameter block: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -An unsigned 16 bit integer API number. You should set this value with -SSVAL(). I do not know where these numbers are described. -</p></li><li><p> -An ASCIIZ string describing the parameters to the API function as defined +reliable.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>call_api(int prcnt, int drcnt, int mprcnt, int mdrcnt, + char *param, char *data, char **rparam, char **rdata);</PRE +></P +><P +>This function is defined in client.c. It uses an SMB transaction to call a +remote api.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN371" +></A +>5.4.1. Parameters</H3 +><P +>The parameters are as follows:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> prcnt: the number of bytes of parameters begin sent.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> drcnt: the number of bytes of data begin sent.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> mprcnt: the maximum number of bytes of parameters which should be returned</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> mdrcnt: the maximum number of bytes of data which should be returned</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> param: a pointer to the parameters to be sent.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> data: a pointer to the data to be sent.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> rparam: a pointer to a pointer which will be set to point to the returned + paramters. The caller of call_api() must deallocate this memory.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> rdata: a pointer to a pointer which will be set to point to the returned + data. The caller of call_api() must deallocate this memory.</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>These are the parameters which you ought to send, in the order of their +appearance in the parameter block:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>An unsigned 16 bit integer API number. You should set this value with +SSVAL(). I do not know where these numbers are described.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An ASCIIZ string describing the parameters to the API function as defined in the LAN Manager documentation. The first parameter, which is the server name, is ommited. This string is based uppon the API function as described -in the manual, not the data which is actually passed. -</p></li><li><p> -An ASCIIZ string describing the data structure which ought to be returned. -</p></li><li><p> -Any parameters which appear in the function call, as defined in the LAN -Manager API documentation, after the "Server" and up to and including the -"uLevel" parameters. -</p></li><li><p> -An unsigned 16 bit integer which gives the size in bytes of the buffer we +in the manual, not the data which is actually passed.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An ASCIIZ string describing the data structure which ought to be returned.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Any parameters which appear in the function call, as defined in the LAN +Manager API documentation, after the "Server" and up to and including the +"uLevel" parameters.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An unsigned 16 bit integer which gives the size in bytes of the buffer we will use to receive the returned array of data structures. Presumably this -should be the same as mdrcnt. This value should be set with SSVAL(). -</p></li><li><p> -An ASCIIZ string describing substructures which should be returned. If no -substructures apply, this string is of zero length. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -The code in client.c always calls call_api() with no data. It is unclear -when a non-zero length data buffer would be sent. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858395"></a>Return value</h3></div></div><p> -The returned parameters (pointed to by rparam), in their order of appearance -are:</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -An unsigned 16 bit integer which contains the API function's return code. -This value should be read with SVAL(). -</p></li><li><p> -An adjustment which tells the amount by which pointers in the returned +should be the same as mdrcnt. This value should be set with SSVAL().</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An ASCIIZ string describing substructures which should be returned. If no +substructures apply, this string is of zero length.</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>The code in client.c always calls call_api() with no data. It is unclear +when a non-zero length data buffer would be sent.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN406" +></A +>5.4.2. Return value</H3 +><P +>The returned parameters (pointed to by rparam), in their order of appearance +are:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>An unsigned 16 bit integer which contains the API function's return code. +This value should be read with SVAL().</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An adjustment which tells the amount by which pointers in the returned data should be adjusted. This value should be read with SVAL(). Basically, the address of the start of the returned data buffer should have the returned pointer value added to it and then have this value subtracted from it in -order to obtain the currect offset into the returned data buffer. -</p></li><li><p> -A count of the number of elements in the array of structures returned. -It is also possible that this may sometimes be the number of bytes returned. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -When call_api() returns, rparam points to the returned parameters. The +order to obtain the currect offset into the returned data buffer.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>A count of the number of elements in the array of structures returned. +It is also possible that this may sometimes be the number of bytes returned.</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>When call_api() returns, rparam points to the returned parameters. The first if these is the result code. It will be zero if the API call -suceeded. This value by be read with "SVAL(rparam,0)". -</p><p> -The second parameter may be read as "SVAL(rparam,2)". It is a 16 bit offset +suceeded. This value by be read with "SVAL(rparam,0)".</P +><P +>The second parameter may be read as "SVAL(rparam,2)". It is a 16 bit offset which indicates what the base address of the returned data buffer was when it was built on the server. It should be used to correct pointer before -use. -</p><p> -The returned data buffer contains the array of returned data structures. +use.</P +><P +>The returned data buffer contains the array of returned data structures. Note that all pointers must be adjusted before use. The function -fix_char_ptr() in client.c can be used for this purpose. -</p><p> -The third parameter (which may be read as "SVAL(rparam,4)") has something to +fix_char_ptr() in client.c can be used for this purpose.</P +><P +>The third parameter (which may be read as "SVAL(rparam,4)") has something to do with indicating the amount of data returned or possibly the amount of -data which can be returned if enough buffer space is allowed. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858481"></a>Code character table</h2></div></div><p> -Certain data structures are described by means of ASCIIz strings containing -code characters. These are the code characters: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -W a type byte little-endian unsigned integer -</p></li><li><p> -N a count of substructures which follow -</p></li><li><p> -D a four byte little-endian unsigned integer -</p></li><li><p> -B a byte (with optional count expressed as trailing ASCII digits) -</p></li><li><p> -z a four byte offset to a NULL terminated string -</p></li><li><p> -l a four byte offset to non-string user data -</p></li><li><p> -b an offset to data (with count expressed as trailing ASCII digits) -</p></li><li><p> -r pointer to returned data buffer??? -</p></li><li><p> -L length in bytes of returned data buffer??? -</p></li><li><p> -h number of bytes of information available??? -</p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="parsing"></a>Chapter 6. The smb.conf file</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Chris Hertel</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">November 1997</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2857849">Lexical Analysis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2857787">Handling of Whitespace</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858749">Handling of Line Continuation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858813">Line Continuation Quirks</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858913">Syntax</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2858982">About params.c</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2857849"></a>Lexical Analysis</h2></div></div><p> -Basically, the file is processed on a line by line basis. There are +data which can be returned if enough buffer space is allowed.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN420" +></A +>5.5. Code character table</H2 +><P +>Certain data structures are described by means of ASCIIz strings containing +code characters. These are the code characters:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>W a type byte little-endian unsigned integer</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>N a count of substructures which follow</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>D a four byte little-endian unsigned integer</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>B a byte (with optional count expressed as trailing ASCII digits)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>z a four byte offset to a NULL terminated string</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>l a four byte offset to non-string user data</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>b an offset to data (with count expressed as trailing ASCII digits)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>r pointer to returned data buffer???</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>L length in bytes of returned data buffer???</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>h number of bytes of information available???</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="PARSING" +></A +>Chapter 6. The smb.conf file</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN451" +></A +>6.1. Lexical Analysis</H2 +><P +>Basically, the file is processed on a line by line basis. There are four types of lines that are recognized by the lexical analyzer -(params.c): -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -Blank lines - Lines containing only whitespace. -</p></li><li><p> -Comment lines - Lines beginning with either a semi-colon or a -pound sign (';' or '#'). -</p></li><li><p> -Section header lines - Lines beginning with an open square bracket ('['). -</p></li><li><p> -Parameter lines - Lines beginning with any other character. -(The default line type.) -</p></li></ol></div><p> -The first two are handled exclusively by the lexical analyzer, which -ignores them. The latter two line types are scanned for -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - - Section names -</p></li><li><p> - - Parameter names -</p></li><li><p> - - Parameter values -</p></li></ol></div><p> -These are the only tokens passed to the parameter loader +(params.c):</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>Blank lines - Lines containing only whitespace.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Comment lines - Lines beginning with either a semi-colon or a +pound sign (';' or '#').</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Section header lines - Lines beginning with an open square bracket ('[').</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Parameter lines - Lines beginning with any other character. +(The default line type.)</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>The first two are handled exclusively by the lexical analyzer, which +ignores them. The latter two line types are scanned for</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> - Section names</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> - Parameter names</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> - Parameter values</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>These are the only tokens passed to the parameter loader (loadparm.c). Parameter names and values are divided from one -another by an equal sign: '='. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2857787"></a>Handling of Whitespace</h3></div></div><p> -Whitespace is defined as all characters recognized by the isspace() +another by an equal sign: '='.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN472" +></A +>6.1.1. Handling of Whitespace</H3 +><P +>Whitespace is defined as all characters recognized by the isspace() function (see ctype(3C)) except for the newline character ('\n') -The newline is excluded because it identifies the end of the line. -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -The lexical analyzer scans past white space at the beginning of a line. -</p></li><li><p> -Section and parameter names may contain internal white space. All -whitespace within a name is compressed to a single space character. -</p></li><li><p> -Internal whitespace within a parameter value is kept verbatim with +The newline is excluded because it identifies the end of the line.</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>The lexical analyzer scans past white space at the beginning of a line.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Section and parameter names may contain internal white space. All +whitespace within a name is compressed to a single space character. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Internal whitespace within a parameter value is kept verbatim with the exception of carriage return characters ('\r'), all of which -are removed. -</p></li><li><p> -Leading and trailing whitespace is removed from names and values. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858749"></a>Handling of Line Continuation</h3></div></div><p> -Long section header and parameter lines may be extended across +are removed.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Leading and trailing whitespace is removed from names and values.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN484" +></A +>6.1.2. Handling of Line Continuation</H3 +><P +>Long section header and parameter lines may be extended across multiple lines by use of the backslash character ('\\'). Line -continuation is ignored for blank and comment lines. -</p><p> -If the last (non-whitespace) character within a section header or on +continuation is ignored for blank and comment lines.</P +><P +>If the last (non-whitespace) character within a section header or on a parameter line is a backslash, then the next line will be (logically) concatonated with the current line by the lexical -analyzer. For example: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - param name = parameter value string \ - with line continuation. -</pre><p>Would be read as</p><pre class="programlisting"> - param name = parameter value string with line continuation. -</pre><p> -Note that there are five spaces following the word 'string', +analyzer. For example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> param name = parameter value string \ + with line continuation.</PRE +></P +><P +>Would be read as</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> param name = parameter value string with line continuation.</PRE +></P +><P +>Note that there are five spaces following the word 'string', representing the one space between 'string' and '\\' in the top line, plus the four preceeding the word 'with' in the second line. -(Yes, I'm counting the indentation.) -</p><p> -Line continuation characters are ignored on blank lines and at the end +(Yes, I'm counting the indentation.)</P +><P +>Line continuation characters are ignored on blank lines and at the end of comments. They are *only* recognized within section and parameter -lines. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858813"></a>Line Continuation Quirks</h3></div></div><p>Note the following example:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - param name = parameter value string \ +lines.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN495" +></A +>6.1.3. Line Continuation Quirks</H3 +><P +>Note the following example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> param name = parameter value string \ \ - with line continuation. -</pre><p> -The middle line is *not* parsed as a blank line because it is first -concatonated with the top line. The result is -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -param name = parameter value string with line continuation. -</pre><p>The same is true for comment lines.</p><pre class="programlisting"> - param name = parameter value string \ + with line continuation.</PRE +></P +><P +>The middle line is *not* parsed as a blank line because it is first +concatonated with the top line. The result is</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>param name = parameter value string with line continuation.</PRE +></P +><P +>The same is true for comment lines.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> param name = parameter value string \ ; comment \ - with a comment. -</pre><p>This becomes:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -param name = parameter value string ; comment with a comment. -</pre><p> -On a section header line, the closing bracket (']') is considered a -terminating character, and the rest of the line is ignored. The lines -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [ section name ] garbage \ - param name = value -</pre><p>are read as</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [section name] - param name = value -</pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858913"></a>Syntax</h2></div></div><p>The syntax of the smb.conf file is as follows:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - <file> :== { <section> } EOF + with a comment.</PRE +></P +><P +>This becomes:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>param name = parameter value string ; comment with a comment.</PRE +></P +><P +>On a section header line, the closing bracket (']') is considered a +terminating character, and the rest of the line is ignored. The lines</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [ section name ] garbage \ + param name = value</PRE +></P +><P +>are read as</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [section name] + param name = value</PRE +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN515" +></A +>6.2. Syntax</H2 +><P +>The syntax of the smb.conf file is as follows:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> <file> :== { <section> } EOF <section> :== <section header> { <parameter line> } <section header> :== '[' NAME ']' - <parameter line> :== NAME '=' VALUE NL -</pre><p>Basically, this means that</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - a file is made up of zero or more sections, and is terminated by - an EOF (we knew that). -</p></li><li><p> - A section is made up of a section header followed by zero or more - parameter lines. -</p></li><li><p> - A section header is identified by an opening bracket and + <parameter line> :== NAME '=' VALUE NL</PRE +></P +><P +>Basically, this means that</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> a file is made up of zero or more sections, and is terminated by + an EOF (we knew that).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> A section is made up of a section header followed by zero or more + parameter lines.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> A section header is identified by an opening bracket and terminated by the closing bracket. The enclosed NAME identifies - the section. -</p></li><li><p> - A parameter line is divided into a NAME and a VALUE. The *first* + the section.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> A parameter line is divided into a NAME and a VALUE. The *first* equal sign on the line separates the NAME from the VALUE. The - VALUE is terminated by a newline character (NL = '\n'). -</p></li></ol></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858982"></a>About params.c</h3></div></div><p> -The parsing of the config file is a bit unusual if you are used to + VALUE is terminated by a newline character (NL = '\n').</P +></LI +></OL +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN530" +></A +>6.2.1. About params.c</H3 +><P +>The parsing of the config file is a bit unusual if you are used to lex, yacc, bison, etc. Both lexical analysis (scanning) and parsing are performed by params.c. Values are loaded via callbacks to -loadparm.c. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unix-smb"></a>Chapter 7. NetBIOS in a Unix World</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 1995</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2858682">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858703">Usernames</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858620">File Ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858644">Passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859208">Locking</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859270">Deny Modes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859300">Trapdoor UIDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859325">Port numbers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859371">Protocol Complexity</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858682"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This is a short document that describes some of the issues that +loadparm.c.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="UNIX-SMB" +></A +>Chapter 7. NetBIOS in a Unix World</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN540" +></A +>7.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This is a short document that describes some of the issues that confront a SMB implementation on unix, and how Samba copes with -them. They may help people who are looking at unix<->PC -interoperability. -</p><p> -It was written to help out a person who was writing a paper on unix to -PC connectivity. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858703"></a>Usernames</h2></div></div><p> -The SMB protocol has only a loose username concept. Early SMB +them. They may help people who are looking at unix<->PC +interoperability.</P +><P +>It was written to help out a person who was writing a paper on unix to +PC connectivity.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN544" +></A +>7.2. Usernames</H2 +><P +>The SMB protocol has only a loose username concept. Early SMB protocols (such as CORE and COREPLUS) have no username concept at all. Even in later protocols clients often attempt operations (particularly printer operations) without first validating a username -on the server. -</p><p> -Unix security is based around username/password pairs. A unix box +on the server.</P +><P +>Unix security is based around username/password pairs. A unix box should not allow clients to do any substantive operation without some -sort of validation. -</p><p> -The problem mostly manifests itself when the unix server is in "share -level" security mode. This is the default mode as the alternative -"user level" security mode usually forces a client to connect to the +sort of validation. </P +><P +>The problem mostly manifests itself when the unix server is in "share +level" security mode. This is the default mode as the alternative +"user level" security mode usually forces a client to connect to the server as the same user for each connected share, which is -inconvenient in many sites. -</p><p> -In "share level" security the client normally gives a username in the -"session setup" protocol, but does not supply an accompanying -password. The client then connects to resources using the "tree -connect" protocol, and supplies a password. The problem is that the +inconvenient in many sites.</P +><P +>In "share level" security the client normally gives a username in the +"session setup" protocol, but does not supply an accompanying +password. The client then connects to resources using the "tree +connect" protocol, and supplies a password. The problem is that the user on the PC types the username and the password in different contexts, unaware that they need to go together to give access to the server. The username is normally the one the user typed in when they -"logged onto" the PC (this assumes Windows for Workgroups). The -password is the one they chose when connecting to the disk or printer. -</p><p> -The user often chooses a totally different username for their login as +"logged onto" the PC (this assumes Windows for Workgroups). The +password is the one they chose when connecting to the disk or printer.</P +><P +>The user often chooses a totally different username for their login as for the drive connection. Often they also want to access different drives as different usernames. The unix server needs some way of -divining the correct username to combine with each password. -</p><p> -Samba tries to avoid this problem using several methods. These succeed +divining the correct username to combine with each password.</P +><P +>Samba tries to avoid this problem using several methods. These succeed in the vast majority of cases. The methods include username maps, the service%user syntax, the saving of session setup usernames for later validation and the derivation of the username from the service name -(either directly or via the user= option). -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858620"></a>File Ownership</h2></div></div><p> -The commonly used SMB protocols have no way of saying "you can't do -that because you don't own the file". They have, in fact, no concept -of file ownership at all. -</p><p> -This brings up all sorts of interesting problems. For example, when +(either directly or via the user= option).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN552" +></A +>7.3. File Ownership</H2 +><P +>The commonly used SMB protocols have no way of saying "you can't do +that because you don't own the file". They have, in fact, no concept +of file ownership at all.</P +><P +>This brings up all sorts of interesting problems. For example, when you copy a file to a unix drive, and the file is world writeable but owned by another user the file will transfer correctly but will receive the wrong date. This is because the utime() call under unix only succeeds for the owner of the file, or root, even if the file is world writeable. For security reasons Samba does all file operations as the validated user, not root, so the utime() fails. This can stuff -up shared development diectories as programs like "make" will not get -file time comparisons right. -</p><p> -There are several possible solutions to this problem, including +up shared development diectories as programs like "make" will not get +file time comparisons right.</P +><P +>There are several possible solutions to this problem, including username mapping, and forcing a specific username for particular -shares. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858644"></a>Passwords</h2></div></div><p> -Many SMB clients uppercase passwords before sending them. I have no +shares.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN557" +></A +>7.4. Passwords</H2 +><P +>Many SMB clients uppercase passwords before sending them. I have no idea why they do this. Interestingly WfWg uppercases the password only if the server is running a protocol greater than COREPLUS, so -obviously it isn't just the data entry routines that are to blame. -</p><p> -Unix passwords are case sensitive. So if users use mixed case -passwords they are in trouble. -</p><p> -Samba can try to cope with this by either using the "password level" +obviously it isn't just the data entry routines that are to blame.</P +><P +>Unix passwords are case sensitive. So if users use mixed case +passwords they are in trouble.</P +><P +>Samba can try to cope with this by either using the "password level" option which causes Samba to try the offered password with up to the -specified number of case changes, or by using the "password server" +specified number of case changes, or by using the "password server" option which allows Samba to do its validation via another machine -(typically a WinNT server). -</p><p> -Samba supports the password encryption method used by SMB +(typically a WinNT server).</P +><P +>Samba supports the password encryption method used by SMB clients. Note that the use of password encryption in Microsoft -networking leads to password hashes that are "plain text equivalent". +networking leads to password hashes that are "plain text equivalent". This means that it is *VERY* important to ensure that the Samba smbpasswd file containing these password hashes is only readable by the root user. See the documentation ENCRYPTION.txt for more -details. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859208"></a>Locking</h2></div></div><p> -Since samba 2.2, samba supports other types of locking as well. This -section is outdated. -</p><p> -The locking calls available under a DOS/Windows environment are much +details.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN563" +></A +>7.5. Locking</H2 +><P +>Since samba 2.2, samba supports other types of locking as well. This +section is outdated.</P +><P +>The locking calls available under a DOS/Windows environment are much richer than those available in unix. This means a unix server (like Samba) choosing to use the standard fcntl() based unix locking calls -to implement SMB locking has to improvise a bit. -</p><p> -One major problem is that dos locks can be in a 32 bit (unsigned) +to implement SMB locking has to improvise a bit.</P +><P +>One major problem is that dos locks can be in a 32 bit (unsigned) range. Unix locking calls are 32 bits, but are signed, giving only a 31 bit range. Unfortunately OLE2 clients use the top bit to select a -locking range used for OLE semaphores. -</p><p> -To work around this problem Samba compresses the 32 bit range into 31 +locking range used for OLE semaphores.</P +><P +>To work around this problem Samba compresses the 32 bit range into 31 bits by appropriate bit shifting. This seems to work but is not ideal. In a future version a separate SMB lockd may be added to cope -with the problem. -</p><p> -It also doesn't help that many unix lockd daemons are very buggy and +with the problem.</P +><P +>It also doesn't help that many unix lockd daemons are very buggy and crash at the slightest provocation. They normally go mostly unused in a unix environment because few unix programs use byte range locking. The stress of huge numbers of lock requests from dos/windows -clients can kill the daemon on some systems. -</p><p> -The second major problem is the "opportunistic locking" requested by +clients can kill the daemon on some systems.</P +><P +>The second major problem is the "opportunistic locking" requested by some clients. If a client requests opportunistic locking then it is asking the server to notify it if anyone else tries to do something on the same file, at which time the client will say if it is willing to give up its lock. Unix has no simple way of implementing -opportunistic locking, and currently Samba has no support for it. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859270"></a>Deny Modes</h2></div></div><p> -When a SMB client opens a file it asks for a particular "deny mode" to +opportunistic locking, and currently Samba has no support for it.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN571" +></A +>7.6. Deny Modes</H2 +><P +>When a SMB client opens a file it asks for a particular "deny mode" to be placed on the file. These modes (DENY_NONE, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE, DENY_ALL, DENY_FCB and DENY_DOS) specify what actions should be allowed by anyone else who tries to use the file at the same time. If DENY_READ is placed on the file, for example, then any attempt to open -the file for reading should fail. -</p><p> -Unix has no equivalent notion. To implement this Samba uses either lock +the file for reading should fail.</P +><P +>Unix has no equivalent notion. To implement this Samba uses either lock files based on the files inode and placed in a separate lock directory or a shared memory implementation. The lock file method is clumsy and consumes processing and file resources, the shared memory implementation is vastly prefered and is turned on -by default for those systems that support it. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859300"></a>Trapdoor UIDs</h2></div></div><p> -A SMB session can run with several uids on the one socket. This +by default for those systems that support it.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN575" +></A +>7.7. Trapdoor UIDs</H2 +><P +>A SMB session can run with several uids on the one socket. This happens when a user connects to two shares with different usernames. To cope with this the unix server needs to switch uids within the one process. On some unixes (such as SCO) this is not possible. This means that on those unixes the client is restricted to -a single uid. -</p><p> -Note that you can also get the "trapdoor uid" message for other -reasons. Please see the FAQ for details. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859325"></a>Port numbers</h2></div></div><p> -There is a convention that clients on sockets use high "unprivilaged" -port numbers (>1000) and connect to servers on low "privilaged" port +a single uid.</P +><P +>Note that you can also get the "trapdoor uid" message for other +reasons. Please see the FAQ for details.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN579" +></A +>7.8. Port numbers</H2 +><P +>There is a convention that clients on sockets use high "unprivilaged" +port numbers (>1000) and connect to servers on low "privilaged" port numbers. This is enforced in Unix as non-root users can't open a -socket for listening on port numbers less than 1000. -</p><p> -Most PC based SMB clients (such as WfWg and WinNT) don't follow this +socket for listening on port numbers less than 1000.</P +><P +>Most PC based SMB clients (such as WfWg and WinNT) don't follow this convention completely. The main culprit is the netbios nameserving on udp port 137. Name query requests come from a source port of 137. This is a problem when you combine it with the common firewalling technique of not allowing incoming packets on low port numbers. This means that these clients can't query a netbios nameserver on the other side of a -low port based firewall. -</p><p> -The problem is more severe with netbios node status queries. I've +low port based firewall.</P +><P +>The problem is more severe with netbios node status queries. I've found that WfWg, Win95 and WinNT3.5 all respond to netbios node status queries on port 137 no matter what the source port was in the request. This works between machines that are both using port 137, but @@ -1016,179 +2755,421 @@ it means it's not possible for a unix user to do a node status request to any of these OSes unless they are running as root. The answer comes back, but it goes to port 137 which the unix user can't listen on. Interestingly WinNT3.1 got this right - it sends node status -responses back to the source port in the request. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859371"></a>Protocol Complexity</h2></div></div><p> -There are many "protocol levels" in the SMB protocol. It seems that +responses back to the source port in the request.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN584" +></A +>7.9. Protocol Complexity</H2 +><P +>There are many "protocol levels" in the SMB protocol. It seems that each time new functionality was added to a Microsoft operating system, they added the equivalent functions in a new protocol level of the SMB -protocol to "externalise" the new capabilities. -</p><p> -This means the protocol is very "rich", offering many ways of doing +protocol to "externalise" the new capabilities.</P +><P +>This means the protocol is very "rich", offering many ways of doing each file operation. This means SMB servers need to be complex and large. It also means it is very difficult to make them bug free. It is not just Samba that suffers from this problem, other servers such as WinNT don't support every variation of every call and it has almost certainly been a headache for MS developers to support the myriad of -SMB calls that are available. -</p><p> -There are about 65 "top level" operations in the SMB protocol (things +SMB calls that are available.</P +><P +>There are about 65 "top level" operations in the SMB protocol (things like SMBread and SMBwrite). Some of these include hundreds of sub-functions (SMBtrans has at least 120 sub-functions, like DosPrintQAdd and NetSessionEnum). All of them take several options that can change the way they work. Many take dozens of possible -"information levels" that change the structures that need to be -returned. Samba supports all but 2 of the "top level" functions. It +"information levels" that change the structures that need to be +returned. Samba supports all but 2 of the "top level" functions. It supports only 8 (so far) of the SMBtrans sub-functions. Even NT -doesn't support them all. -</p><p> -Samba currently supports up to the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, which is the +doesn't support them all.</P +><P +>Samba currently supports up to the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, which is the one preferred by Win95 and WinNT3.5. Luckily this protocol level has a -"capabilities" field which specifies which super-duper new-fangled +"capabilities" field which specifies which super-duper new-fangled options the server suports. This helps to make the implementation of -this protocol level much easier. -</p><p> -There is also a problem with the SMB specications. SMB is a X/Open +this protocol level much easier.</P +><P +>There is also a problem with the SMB specications. SMB is a X/Open spec, but the X/Open book is far from ideal, and fails to cover many important issues, leaving much to the imagination. Microsoft recently renamed the SMB protocol CIFS (Common Internet File System) and have published new specifications. These are far superior to the old X/Open documents but there are still undocumented calls and features. This specification is actively being worked on by a CIFS developers -mailing list hosted by Microsft. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="tracing"></a>Chapter 8. Tracing samba system calls</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span></div></div></div></div><p> -This file describes how to do a system call trace on Samba to work out +mailing list hosted by Microsft.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="TRACING" +></A +>Chapter 8. Tracing samba system calls</H1 +><P +>This file describes how to do a system call trace on Samba to work out what its doing wrong. This is not for the faint of heart, but if you -are reading this then you are probably desperate. -</p><p> -Actually its not as bad as the the above makes it sound, just don't -expect the output to be very pretty :-) -</p><p> -Ok, down to business. One of the big advantages of unix systems is +are reading this then you are probably desperate.</P +><P +>Actually its not as bad as the the above makes it sound, just don't +expect the output to be very pretty :-)</P +><P +>Ok, down to business. One of the big advantages of unix systems is that they nearly all come with a system trace utility that allows you to monitor all system calls that a program is making. This is extremely using for debugging and also helps when trying to work out why something is slower than you expect. You can use system tracing -without any special compilation options. -</p><p> -The system trace utility is called different things on different +without any special compilation options. </P +><P +>The system trace utility is called different things on different systems. On Linux systems its called strace. Under SunOS 4 its called trace. Under SVR4 style systems (including solaris) its called -truss. Under many BSD systems its called ktrace. -</p><p> -The first thing you should do is read the man page for your native +truss. Under many BSD systems its called ktrace. </P +><P +>The first thing you should do is read the man page for your native system call tracer. In the discussion below I'll assume its called strace as strace is the only portable system tracer (its available for free for many unix types) and its also got some of the nicest -features. -</p><p> -Next, try using strace on some simple commands. For example, <b>strace -ls</b> or <b>strace echo hello</b>. -</p><p> +features.</P +><P +>Next, try using strace on some simple commands. For example, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace +ls</B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace echo hello</B +>.</P +><P +> You'll notice that it produces a LOT of output. It is showing you the arguments to every system call that the program makes and the result. Very little happens in a program without a system call so you get lots of output. You'll also find that it produces a lot of -"preamble" stuff showing the loading of shared libraries etc. Ignore -this (unless its going wrong!) -</p><p> -For example, the only line that really matters in the <b>strace echo -hello</b> output is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -write(1, "hello\n", 6) = 6 -</pre><p>all the rest is just setting up to run the program.</p><p> -Ok, now you're familiar with strace. To use it on Samba you need to +"preamble" stuff showing the loading of shared libraries etc. Ignore +this (unless its going wrong!)</P +><P +>For example, the only line that really matters in the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace echo +hello</B +> output is:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>write(1, "hello\n", 6) = 6</PRE +></P +><P +>all the rest is just setting up to run the program.</P +><P +>Ok, now you're familiar with strace. To use it on Samba you need to strace the running smbd daemon. The way I tend ot use it is to first login from my Windows PC to the Samba server, then use smbstatus to find which process ID that client is attached to, then as root I do -<b>strace -p PID</b> to attach to that process. I normally redirect the +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace -p PID</B +> to attach to that process. I normally redirect the stderr output from this command to a file for later perusal. For -example, if I'm using a csh style shell: -</p><p><b>strace -f -p 3872 >& strace.out</b></p><p>or with a sh style shell:</p><p><b>strace -f -p 3872 > strace.out 2>&1</b></p><p> -Note the "-f" option. This is only available on some systems, and +example, if I'm using a csh style shell:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace -f -p 3872 >& strace.out</B +></P +><P +>or with a sh style shell:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strace -f -p 3872 > strace.out 2>&1</B +></P +><P +>Note the "-f" option. This is only available on some systems, and allows you to trace not just the current process, but any children it forks. This is great for finding printing problems caused by the -"print command" being wrong. -</p><p> -Once you are attached you then can do whatever it is on the client +"print command" being wrong.</P +><P +>Once you are attached you then can do whatever it is on the client that is causing problems and you will capture all the system calls -that smbd makes. -</p><p> -So how do you interpret the results? Generally I search through the +that smbd makes. </P +><P +>So how do you interpret the results? Generally I search through the output for strings that I know will appear when the problem happens. For example, if I am having touble with permissions on a file I would search for that files name in the strace output and look at the surrounding lines. Another trick is to match up file descriptor -numbers and "follow" what happens to an open file until it is closed. -</p><p> -Beyond this you will have to use your initiative. To give you an idea +numbers and "follow" what happens to an open file until it is closed.</P +><P +>Beyond this you will have to use your initiative. To give you an idea of what you are looking for here is a piece of strace output that -shows that <tt>/dev/null</tt> is not world writeable, which -causes printing to fail with Samba: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[pid 28268] open("/dev/null", O_RDWR) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied) -[pid 28268] open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied) -</pre><p> -The process is trying to first open <tt>/dev/null</tt> read-write -then read-only. Both fail. This means <tt>/dev/null</tt> has -incorrect permissions. -</p></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ntdomain"></a>Chapter 9. NT Domain RPC's</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Luke Leighton</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:lkcl@switchboard.net">lkcl@switchboard.net</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Paul Ashton</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:paul@argo.demon.co.uk">paul@argo.demon.co.uk</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Duncan Stansfield</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:duncans@sco.com">duncans@sco.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">01 November 97(version 0.0.24)</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2859563">Introduction</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859980">Sources</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860014">Credits</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2860053">Notes and Structures</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2860060">Notes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860137">Enumerations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860350">Structures</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2863307">MSRPC over Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863320">MSRPC Pipes</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863422">Header</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864296">Tail</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864342">RPC Bind / Bind Ack</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864522">NTLSA Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864687">LSA Open Policy</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864813">LSA Query Info Policy</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864921">LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865012">LSA Open Secret</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865122">LSA Close</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865188">LSA Lookup SIDS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865399">LSA Lookup Names</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865625">NETLOGON rpc Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865786">LSA Request Challenge</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865921">LSA Authenticate 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866069">LSA Server Password Set</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866185">LSA SAM Logon</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866299">LSA SAM Logoff</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866391">\\MAILSLOT\NET\NTLOGON</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866408">Query for PDC</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866670">SAM Logon</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866996">SRVSVC Transact Named Pipe</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867041">Net Share Enum</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867261">Net Server Get Info</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867378">Cryptographic side of NT Domain Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867386">Definitions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867548">Protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867629">Comments</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867679">SIDs and RIDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867719">Well-known SIDs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868034">Well-known RIDS</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859563"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This document contains information to provide an NT workstation with login -services, without the need for an NT server. It is the sgml version of <a href="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/cifsntdomain.txt" target="_top">http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/cifsntdomain.txt</a>, controlled by Luke. -</p><p> -It should be possible to select a domain instead of a workgroup (in the NT +shows that <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/dev/null</TT +> is not world writeable, which +causes printing to fail with Samba:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[pid 28268] open("/dev/null", O_RDWR) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied) +[pid 28268] open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY) = -1 EACCES (Permission denied)</PRE +></P +><P +>The process is trying to first open <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/dev/null</TT +> read-write +then read-only. Both fail. This means <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/dev/null</TT +> has +incorrect permissions.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="NTDOMAIN" +></A +>Chapter 9. NT Domain RPC's</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN652" +></A +>9.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This document contains information to provide an NT workstation with login +services, without the need for an NT server. It is the sgml version of <A +HREF="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/cifsntdomain.txt" +TARGET="_top" +>http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/cifsntdomain.txt</A +>, controlled by Luke.</P +><P +>It should be possible to select a domain instead of a workgroup (in the NT workstation's TCP/IP settings) and after the obligatory reboot, type in a username, password, select a domain and successfully log in. I would appreciate any feedback on your experiences with this process, and any -comments, corrections and additions to this document. -</p><p> -The packets described here can be easily derived from (and are probably +comments, corrections and additions to this document.</P +><P +>The packets described here can be easily derived from (and are probably better understood using) Netmon.exe. You will need to use the version of Netmon that matches your system, in order to correctly decode the NETLOGON, lsarpc and srvsvc Transact pipes. This document is derived from NT Service Pack 1 and its corresponding version of Netmon. It is intended that an annotated packet trace be produced, which will likely be more -instructive than this document. -</p><p> -Also needed, to fully implement NT Domain Login Services, is the +instructive than this document.</P +><P +>Also needed, to fully implement NT Domain Login Services, is the document describing the cryptographic part of the NT authentication. This document is available from comp.protocols.smb; from the ntsecurity.net -digest and from the samba digest, amongst other sources. -</p><p> -A copy is available from: -</p><p><a href="http://ntbugtraq.rc.on.ca/SCRIPTS/WA.EXE?A2=ind9708;L=ntbugtraq;O=A;P=2935" target="_top">http://ntbugtraq.rc.on.ca/SCRIPTS/WA.EXE?A2=ind9708;L=ntbugtraq;O=A;P=2935</a></p><p><a href="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.html" target="_top">http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.html</a></p><p> -A c-code implementation, provided by <a href="mailto:linus@incolumitas.se" target="_top">Linus Nordberg</a> -of this protocol is available from: -</p><p><a href="http://samba.org/cgi-bin/mfs/01/digest/1997/97aug/0391.html" target="_top">http://samba.org/cgi-bin/mfs/01/digest/1997/97aug/0391.html</a></p><p><a href="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.txt" target="_top">http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.txt</a></p><p> -Also used to provide debugging information is the Check Build version of +digest and from the samba digest, amongst other sources.</P +><P +>A copy is available from:</P +><P +><A +HREF="http://ntbugtraq.rc.on.ca/SCRIPTS/WA.EXE?A2=ind9708;L=ntbugtraq;O=A;P=2935" +TARGET="_top" +>http://ntbugtraq.rc.on.ca/SCRIPTS/WA.EXE?A2=ind9708;L=ntbugtraq;O=A;P=2935</A +></P +><P +><A +HREF="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.html" +TARGET="_top" +>http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.html</A +></P +><P +>A c-code implementation, provided by <A +HREF="mailto:linus@incolumitas.se" +TARGET="_top" +>Linus Nordberg</A +> +of this protocol is available from:</P +><P +><A +HREF="http://samba.org/cgi-bin/mfs/01/digest/1997/97aug/0391.html" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/cgi-bin/mfs/01/digest/1997/97aug/0391.html</A +></P +><P +><A +HREF="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.txt" +TARGET="_top" +>http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/crypt.txt</A +></P +><P +>Also used to provide debugging information is the Check Build version of NT workstation, and enabling full debugging in NETLOGON. This is -achieved by setting the following REG_SZ registry key to 0x1ffffff: -</p><p><tt>HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Netlogon\Parameters</tt></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Incorrect direct editing of the registry can cause your +achieved by setting the following REG_SZ registry key to 0x1ffffff:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Netlogon\Parameters</TT +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Incorrect direct editing of the registry can cause your machine to fail. Then again, so can incorrect implementation of this -protocol. See "Liability:" above.</em></span></p><p> -Bear in mind that each packet over-the-wire will have its origin in an +protocol. See "Liability:" above.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Bear in mind that each packet over-the-wire will have its origin in an API call. Therefore, there are likely to be structures, enumerations -and defines that are usefully documented elsewhere. -</p><p> -This document is by no means complete or authoritative. Missing sections -include, but are not limited to: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>Mappings of RIDs to usernames (and vice-versa).</p></li><li><p>What a User ID is and what a Group ID is.</p></li><li><p>The exact meaning/definition of various magic constants or enumerations.</p></li><li><p>The reply error code and use of that error code when a +and defines that are usefully documented elsewhere.</P +><P +>This document is by no means complete or authoritative. Missing sections +include, but are not limited to:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>Mappings of RIDs to usernames (and vice-versa).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>What a User ID is and what a Group ID is.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The exact meaning/definition of various magic constants or enumerations.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The reply error code and use of that error code when a workstation becomes a member of a domain (to be described later). Failure to return this error code will make the workstation report -that it is already a member of the domain.</p></li><li><p>the cryptographic side of the NetrServerPasswordSet command, +that it is already a member of the domain.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>the cryptographic side of the NetrServerPasswordSet command, which would allow the workstation to change its password. This password is used to generate the long-term session key. [It is possible to reject this -command, and keep the default workstation password].</p></li></ol></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2859980"></a>Sources</h3></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>cket Traces from Netmonitor (Service Pack 1 and above)</td></tr><tr><td>ul Ashton and Luke Leighton's other "NT Domain" doc.</td></tr><tr><td>FS documentation - cifs6.txt</td></tr><tr><td>FS documentation - cifsrap2.txt</td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860014"></a>Credits</h3></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Paul Ashton: loads of work with Net Monitor; understanding the NT authentication system; reference implementation of the NT domain support on which this document is originally based.</td></tr><tr><td>Duncan Stansfield: low-level analysis of MSRPC Pipes.</td></tr><tr><td>Linus Nordberg: producing c-code from Paul's crypto spec.</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Sourcer development team</td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2860053"></a>Notes and Structures</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860060"></a>Notes</h3></div></div><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -In the SMB Transact pipes, some "Structures", described here, appear to be +command, and keep the default workstation password].</P +></LI +></OL +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN688" +></A +>9.1.1. Sources</H3 +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>cket Traces from Netmonitor (Service Pack 1 and above)</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>ul Ashton and Luke Leighton's other "NT Domain" doc.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>FS documentation - cifs6.txt</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>FS documentation - cifsrap2.txt</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN695" +></A +>9.1.2. Credits</H3 +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>Paul Ashton: loads of work with Net Monitor; understanding the NT authentication system; reference implementation of the NT domain support on which this document is originally based.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Duncan Stansfield: low-level analysis of MSRPC Pipes.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Linus Nordberg: producing c-code from Paul's crypto spec.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Windows Sourcer development team</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN702" +></A +>9.2. Notes and Structures</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN704" +></A +>9.2.1. Notes</H3 +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>In the SMB Transact pipes, some "Structures", described here, appear to be 4-byte aligned with the SMB header, at their start. Exactly which -"Structures" need aligning is not precisely known or documented. -</p></li><li><p> -In the UDP NTLOGON Mailslots, some "Structures", described here, appear to be -2-byte aligned with the start of the mailslot, at their start. -</p></li><li><p> -Domain SID is of the format S-revision-version-auth1-auth2...authN. -e.g S-1-5-123-456-789-123-456. the 5 could be a sub-revision. -</p></li><li><p> -any undocumented buffer pointers must be non-zero if the string buffer it +"Structures" need aligning is not precisely known or documented.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>In the UDP NTLOGON Mailslots, some "Structures", described here, appear to be +2-byte aligned with the start of the mailslot, at their start.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Domain SID is of the format S-revision-version-auth1-auth2...authN. +e.g S-1-5-123-456-789-123-456. the 5 could be a sub-revision.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>any undocumented buffer pointers must be non-zero if the string buffer it refers to contains characters. exactly what value they should be is unknown. 0x0000 0002 seems to do the trick to indicate that the buffer exists. a NULL buffer pointer indicates that the string buffer is of zero length. @@ -1197,90 +3178,3707 @@ refers to is NOT put into (or taken out of) the SMB data stream. This is empirically derived from, for example, the LSA SAM Logon response packet, where if the buffer pointer is NULL, the user information is not inserted into the data stream. Exactly what happens with an array of buffer pointers -is not known, although an educated guess can be made. -</p></li><li><p> -an array of structures (a container) appears to have a count and a pointer. +is not known, although an educated guess can be made.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>an array of structures (a container) appears to have a count and a pointer. if the count is zero, the pointer is also zero. no further data is put into or taken out of the SMB data stream. if the count is non-zero, then the pointer is also non-zero. immediately following the pointer is the count again, followed by an array of container sub-structures. the count -appears a third time after the last sub-structure. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860137"></a>Enumerations</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860144"></a>MSRPC Header type</h4></div></div><p>command number in the msrpc packet header</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">MSRPC_Request:</span></dt><dd><p>0x00</p></dd><dt><span class="term">MSRPC_Response:</span></dt><dd><p>0x02</p></dd><dt><span class="term">MSRPC_Bind:</span></dt><dd><p>0x0B</p></dd><dt><span class="term">MSRPC_BindAck:</span></dt><dd><p>0x0C</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860218"></a>MSRPC Packet info</h4></div></div><p>The meaning of these flags is undocumented</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">FirstFrag:</span></dt><dd><p>0x01 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">LastFrag:</span></dt><dd><p>0x02 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NotaFrag:</span></dt><dd><p>0x04 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">RecRespond:</span></dt><dd><p>0x08 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NoMultiplex:</span></dt><dd><p>0x10 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NotForIdemp:</span></dt><dd><p>0x20 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NotforBcast:</span></dt><dd><p>0x40 </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NoUuid:</span></dt><dd><p>0x80 </p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860350"></a>Structures</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860357"></a>VOID *</h4></div></div><p>sizeof VOID* is 32 bits.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860368"></a>char</h4></div></div><p>sizeof char is 8 bits.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860380"></a>UTIME</h4></div></div><p>UTIME is 32 bits, indicating time in seconds since 01jan1970. documented in cifs6.txt (section 3.5 page, page 30).</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860393"></a>NTTIME</h4></div></div><p>NTTIME is 64 bits. documented in cifs6.txt (section 3.5 page, page 30).</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860405"></a>DOM_SID (domain SID structure)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num of sub-authorities in domain SID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8</span></dt><dd><p>SID revision number</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8</span></dt><dd><p>num of sub-authorities in domain SID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[6]</span></dt><dd><p>6 bytes for domain SID - Identifier Authority.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16[n_subauths]</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID sub-authorities</p></dd></dl></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: the domain SID is documented elsewhere.</em></span> -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860499"></a>STR (string)</h4></div></div><p>STR (string) is a char[] : a null-terminated string of ascii characters.</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860513"></a>UNIHDR (unicode string header) </h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>length of unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>max length of unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>4 - undocumented.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860569"></a>UNIHDR2 (unicode string header plus buffer pointer)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860611"></a>UNISTR (unicode string)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16[]</span></dt><dd><p>null-terminated string of unicode characters.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860639"></a>NAME (length-indicated unicode string)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>length of unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16[]</span></dt><dd><p>null-terminated string of unicode characters.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860682"></a>UNISTR2 (aligned unicode string)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with the start of the SMB header.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>max length of unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>length of unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16[]</span></dt><dd><p>string of uncode characters</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860768"></a>OBJ_ATTR (object attributes)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0x18 - length (in bytes) including the length field.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>0 - root directory (pointer)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>0 - object name (pointer)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - attributes (undocumented)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>0 - security descriptior (pointer)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - security quality of service</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860861"></a>POL_HND (LSA policy handle)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">char[20]</span></dt><dd><p>policy handle</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860889"></a>DOM_SID2 (domain SID structure, SIDS stored in unicode)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>5 - SID type</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR2</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID unicode string</p></dd></dl></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: there is a conflict between the unicode string header and the unicode string itself as to which to use to indicate string length. this will need to be resolved.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: the SID type indicates, for example, an alias; a well-known group etc. this is documented somewhere.</em></span></p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860976"></a>DOM_RID (domain RID structure)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>5 - well-known SID. 1 - user SID (see ShowACLs)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>5 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>domain RID </p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - domain index out of above reference domains</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861045"></a>LOG_INFO (server, account, client structure)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: account name is the logon client name from the LSA Request Challenge, with a $ on the end of it, in upper case.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon server unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>account name unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>sec_chan - security channel type</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon client machine unicode string</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861145"></a>CLNT_SRV (server, client names structure)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon server unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon client machine unicode string</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861223"></a>CREDS (credentials + time stamp)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">char[8]</span></dt><dd><p>credentials</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UTIME</span></dt><dd><p>time stamp</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861264"></a>CLNT_INFO2 (server, client structure, client credentials)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: whenever this structure appears in a request, you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received, because they will beused in subsequent credential checks. the presumed intention is to - maintain an authenticated request/response trail.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">CLNT_SRV</span></dt><dd><p>client and server names</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>???? padding, for 4-byte alignment with SMB header.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to client credentials.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">CREDS</span></dt><dd><p>client-calculated credentials + client time</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861347"></a>CLNT_INFO (server, account, client structure, client credentials)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: whenever this structure appears in a request, you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received, because they will be used in subsequent credential checks. the presumed intention is to maintain an authenticated request/response trail.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LOG_INFO</span></dt><dd><p>logon account info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">CREDS</span></dt><dd><p>client-calculated credentials + client time</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861400"></a>ID_INFO_1 (id info structure, auth level 1)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>ptr_id_info_1</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>domain name unicode header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>param control</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT64</span></dt><dd><p>logon ID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>user name unicode header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>workgroup name unicode header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[16]</span></dt><dd><p>arc4 LM OWF Password</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[16]</span></dt><dd><p>arc4 NT OWF Password</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>domain name unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>user name unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>workstation name unicode string</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861570"></a>SAM_INFO (sam logon/logoff id info structure)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: presumably, the return credentials is supposedly for the server to verify that the credential chain hasn't been compromised.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">CLNT_INFO2</span></dt><dd><p>client identification/authentication info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to return credentials.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">CRED</span></dt><dd><p>return credentials - ignored.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>logon level</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>switch value</p></dd></dl></div><pre class="programlisting"> - switch (switch_value) +appears a third time after the last sub-structure.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN717" +></A +>9.2.2. Enumerations</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN719" +></A +>9.2.2.1. MSRPC Header type</H4 +><P +>command number in the msrpc packet header</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>MSRPC_Request:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00</P +></DD +><DT +>MSRPC_Response:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x02</P +></DD +><DT +>MSRPC_Bind:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0B</P +></DD +><DT +>MSRPC_BindAck:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0C</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN739" +></A +>9.2.2.2. MSRPC Packet info</H4 +><P +>The meaning of these flags is undocumented</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>FirstFrag:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x01 </P +></DD +><DT +>LastFrag:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x02 </P +></DD +><DT +>NotaFrag:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x04 </P +></DD +><DT +>RecRespond:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x08 </P +></DD +><DT +>NoMultiplex:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x10 </P +></DD +><DT +>NotForIdemp:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x20 </P +></DD +><DT +>NotforBcast:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x40 </P +></DD +><DT +>NoUuid:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x80 </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN775" +></A +>9.2.3. Structures</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN777" +></A +>9.2.3.1. VOID *</H4 +><P +>sizeof VOID* is 32 bits.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN780" +></A +>9.2.3.2. char</H4 +><P +>sizeof char is 8 bits.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN783" +></A +>9.2.3.3. UTIME</H4 +><P +>UTIME is 32 bits, indicating time in seconds since 01jan1970. documented in cifs6.txt (section 3.5 page, page 30).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN786" +></A +>9.2.3.4. NTTIME</H4 +><P +>NTTIME is 64 bits. documented in cifs6.txt (section 3.5 page, page 30).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN789" +></A +>9.2.3.5. DOM_SID (domain SID structure)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num of sub-authorities in domain SID</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8</DT +><DD +><P +>SID revision number</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8</DT +><DD +><P +>num of sub-authorities in domain SID</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[6]</DT +><DD +><P +>6 bytes for domain SID - Identifier Authority.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16[n_subauths]</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID sub-authorities</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: the domain SID is documented elsewhere.</I +></SPAN +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN814" +></A +>9.2.3.6. STR (string)</H4 +><P +>STR (string) is a char[] : a null-terminated string of ascii characters.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN817" +></A +>9.2.3.7. UNIHDR (unicode string header)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>length of unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>max length of unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>4 - undocumented.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN832" +></A +>9.2.3.8. UNIHDR2 (unicode string header plus buffer pointer)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN843" +></A +>9.2.3.9. UNISTR (unicode string)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16[]</DT +><DD +><P +>null-terminated string of unicode characters.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN850" +></A +>9.2.3.10. NAME (length-indicated unicode string)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>length of unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16[]</DT +><DD +><P +>null-terminated string of unicode characters.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN861" +></A +>9.2.3.11. UNISTR2 (aligned unicode string)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with the start of the SMB header.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>max length of unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>length of unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16[]</DT +><DD +><P +>string of uncode characters</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN884" +></A +>9.2.3.12. OBJ_ATTR (object attributes)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0x18 - length (in bytes) including the length field.</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - root directory (pointer)</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - object name (pointer)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - attributes (undocumented)</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - security descriptior (pointer)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - security quality of service</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN911" +></A +>9.2.3.13. POL_HND (LSA policy handle)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>char[20]</DT +><DD +><P +>policy handle</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN918" +></A +>9.2.3.14. DOM_SID2 (domain SID structure, SIDS stored in unicode)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>5 - SID type</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR2</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID unicode string</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: there is a conflict between the unicode string header and the unicode string itself as to which to use to indicate string length. this will need to be resolved.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: the SID type indicates, for example, an alias; a well-known group etc. this is documented somewhere.</I +></SPAN +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN941" +></A +>9.2.3.15. DOM_RID (domain RID structure)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>5 - well-known SID. 1 - user SID (see ShowACLs)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>5 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>domain RID </P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - domain index out of above reference domains</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN960" +></A +>9.2.3.16. LOG_INFO (server, account, client structure)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: account name is the logon client name from the LSA Request Challenge, with a $ on the end of it, in upper case.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon server unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>account name unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>sec_chan - security channel type</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon client machine unicode string</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN987" +></A +>9.2.3.17. CLNT_SRV (server, client names structure)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon server unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon client machine unicode string</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1008" +></A +>9.2.3.18. CREDS (credentials + time stamp)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>char[8]</DT +><DD +><P +>credentials</P +></DD +><DT +>UTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>time stamp</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1019" +></A +>9.2.3.19. CLNT_INFO2 (server, client structure, client credentials)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: whenever this structure appears in a request, you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received, because they will beused in subsequent credential checks. the presumed intention is to + maintain an authenticated request/response trail.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>CLNT_SRV</DT +><DD +><P +>client and server names</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>???? padding, for 4-byte alignment with SMB header.</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to client credentials.</P +></DD +><DT +>CREDS</DT +><DD +><P +>client-calculated credentials + client time</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1040" +></A +>9.2.3.20. CLNT_INFO (server, account, client structure, client credentials)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: whenever this structure appears in a request, you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received, because they will be used in subsequent credential checks. the presumed intention is to maintain an authenticated request/response trail.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>LOG_INFO</DT +><DD +><P +>logon account info</P +></DD +><DT +>CREDS</DT +><DD +><P +>client-calculated credentials + client time</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1053" +></A +>9.2.3.21. ID_INFO_1 (id info structure, auth level 1)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>ptr_id_info_1</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name unicode header</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>param control</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT64</DT +><DD +><P +>logon ID</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>user name unicode header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>workgroup name unicode header</P +></DD +><DT +>char[16]</DT +><DD +><P +>arc4 LM OWF Password</P +></DD +><DT +>char[16]</DT +><DD +><P +>arc4 NT OWF Password</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>user name unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>workstation name unicode string</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1100" +></A +>9.2.3.22. SAM_INFO (sam logon/logoff id info structure)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: presumably, the return credentials is supposedly for the server to verify that the credential chain hasn't been compromised.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>CLNT_INFO2</DT +><DD +><P +>client identification/authentication info</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to return credentials.</P +></DD +><DT +>CRED</DT +><DD +><P +>return credentials - ignored.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>logon level</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>switch value</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> switch (switch_value) case 1: { ID_INFO_1 id_info_1; - } -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861675"></a>GID (group id info)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>group id</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>user attributes (only used by NT 3.1 and 3.51)</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861713"></a>DOM_REF (domain reference info)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num referenced domains?</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain name buffer pointer.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>32 - max number of entries</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>4 - num referenced domains?</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR2</span></dt><dd><p>domain name unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR2[num_ref_doms-1]</span></dt><dd><p>referenced domain unicode string headers</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>domain name unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_SID[num_ref_doms]</span></dt><dd><p>referenced domain SIDs</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861857"></a>DOM_INFO (domain info, levels 3 and 5 are the same))</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>??? padding to get 4-byte alignment with start of SMB header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>domain name string length * 2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>domain name string length * 2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain name string buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain SID string buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>domain name (unicode string)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_SID</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2861970"></a>USER_INFO (user logon info)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: it would be nice to know what the 16 byte user session key is for.</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>logon time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>logoff time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>kickoff time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>password last set time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>password can change time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NTTIME</span></dt><dd><p>password must change time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>username unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>user's full name unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>logon script unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>profile path unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>home directory unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>home directory drive unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>logon count</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>bad password count</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>User ID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>Group ID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num groups</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer to groups.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>user flags</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[16]</span></dt><dd><p>user session key</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>logon server unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNIHDR</span></dt><dd><p>logon domain unicode string header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented logon domain id pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[40]</span></dt><dd><p>40 undocumented padding bytes. future expansion?</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - num_other_sids?</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>NULL - undocumented pointer to other domain SIDs.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>username unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>user's full name unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon script unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>profile path unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>home directory unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>home directory drive unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num groups</p></dd><dt><span class="term">GID[num_groups]</span></dt><dd><p>group info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon server unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon domain unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_SID</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_SID[num_sids]</span></dt><dd><p>other domain SIDs?</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2862534"></a>SH_INFO_1_PTR (pointers to level 1 share info strings)</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: see cifsrap2.txt section5, page 10.</em></span></p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>0 for shi1_type indicates a Disk.</td></tr><tr><td>1 for shi1_type indicates a Print Queue.</td></tr><tr><td>2 for shi1_type indicates a Device.</td></tr><tr><td>3 for shi1_type indicates an IPC pipe.</td></tr><tr><td>0x8000 0000 (top bit set in shi1_type) indicates a hidden share.</td></tr></table><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>shi1_netname - pointer to net name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>shi1_type - type of share. 0 - undocumented.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>shi1_remark - pointer to comment.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2862629"></a>SH_INFO_1_STR (level 1 share info strings)</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>shi1_netname - unicode string of net name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>shi1_remark - unicode string of comment.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2862671"></a>SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</h4></div></div><p>share container with 0 entries:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - EntriesRead</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - Buffer</p></dd></dl></div><p>share container with > 0 entries:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>EntriesRead</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>non-zero - Buffer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>EntriesRead</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SH_INFO_1_PTR[EntriesRead]</span></dt><dd><p>share entry pointers</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SH_INFO_1_STR[EntriesRead]</span></dt><dd><p>share entry strings</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with start of the SMB header.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>EntriesRead</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - padding</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2862841"></a>SERVER_INFO_101</h4></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: see cifs6.txt section 6.4 - the fields described therein will be of assistance here. for example, the type listed below is the same as fServerType, which is described in 6.4.1. </em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_WORKSTATION</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000001 All workstations</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_SERVER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000002 All servers</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_SQLSERVER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000004 Any server running with SQL server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_CTRL</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000008 Primary domain controller</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_BAKCTRL</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000010 Backup domain controller</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_TIME_SOURCE</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000020 Server running the timesource service</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_AFP</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000040 Apple File Protocol servers</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_NOVELL</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000080 Novell servers</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_MEMBER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000100 Domain Member</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_PRINTQ_SERVER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000200 Server sharing print queue</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DIALIN_SERVER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000400 Server running dialin service.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_XENIX_SERVER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00000800 Xenix server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_NT</span></dt><dd><p>0x00001000 NT server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_WFW</span></dt><dd><p>0x00002000 Server running Windows for </p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_SERVER_NT</span></dt><dd><p>0x00008000 Windows NT non DC server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_POTENTIAL_BROWSER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00010000 Server that can run the browser service</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_BACKUP_BROWSER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00020000 Backup browser server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_MASTER_BROWSER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00040000 Master browser server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_MASTER</span></dt><dd><p>0x00080000 Domain Master Browser server</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_LOCAL_LIST_ONLY</span></dt><dd><p>0x40000000 Enumerate only entries marked "local"</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_ENUM</span></dt><dd><p>0x80000000 Enumerate Domains. The pszServer and pszDomain parameters must be NULL.</p></dd></dl></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>500 - platform_id</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>5 - major version</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>4 - minor version</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>type (SV_TYPE_... bit field)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to comment</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>sv101_name - unicode string of server name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>sv_101_comment - unicode string of server comment.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with start of the SMB header.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2863307"></a>MSRPC over Transact Named Pipe</h2></div></div><p>For details on the SMB Transact Named Pipe, see cifs6.txt</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2863320"></a>MSRPC Pipes</h3></div></div><p> -The MSRPC is conducted over an SMB Transact Pipe with a name of -<tt>\PIPE\</tt>. You must first obtain a 16 bit file handle, by -sending a SMBopenX with the pipe name <tt>\PIPE\srvsvc</tt> for + }</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1127" +></A +>9.2.3.23. GID (group id info)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>group id</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>user attributes (only used by NT 3.1 and 3.51)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1138" +></A +>9.2.3.24. DOM_REF (domain reference info)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num referenced domains?</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain name buffer pointer.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>32 - max number of entries</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>4 - num referenced domains?</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR2</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR2[num_ref_doms-1]</DT +><DD +><P +>referenced domain unicode string headers</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_SID[num_ref_doms]</DT +><DD +><P +>referenced domain SIDs</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1177" +></A +>9.2.3.25. DOM_INFO (domain info, levels 3 and 5 are the same))</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>??? padding to get 4-byte alignment with start of SMB header</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name string length * 2</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name string length * 2</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain name string buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain SID string buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name (unicode string)</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_SID</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1208" +></A +>9.2.3.26. USER_INFO (user logon info)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: it would be nice to know what the 16 byte user session key is for.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>logon time</P +></DD +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>logoff time</P +></DD +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>kickoff time</P +></DD +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>password last set time</P +></DD +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>password can change time</P +></DD +><DT +>NTTIME</DT +><DD +><P +>password must change time</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>username unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>user's full name unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>logon script unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>profile path unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>home directory unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>home directory drive unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>logon count</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>bad password count</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>User ID</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>Group ID</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num groups</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer to groups.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>user flags</P +></DD +><DT +>char[16]</DT +><DD +><P +>user session key</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>logon server unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>UNIHDR</DT +><DD +><P +>logon domain unicode string header</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented logon domain id pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>char[40]</DT +><DD +><P +>40 undocumented padding bytes. future expansion?</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - num_other_sids?</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>NULL - undocumented pointer to other domain SIDs.</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>username unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>user's full name unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon script unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>profile path unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>home directory unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>home directory drive unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num groups</P +></DD +><DT +>GID[num_groups]</DT +><DD +><P +>group info</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon server unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon domain unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_SID</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_SID[num_sids]</DT +><DD +><P +>other domain SIDs?</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1365" +></A +>9.2.3.27. SH_INFO_1_PTR (pointers to level 1 share info strings)</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: see cifsrap2.txt section5, page 10.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>0 for shi1_type indicates a Disk.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>1 for shi1_type indicates a Print Queue.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>2 for shi1_type indicates a Device.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>3 for shi1_type indicates an IPC pipe.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>0x8000 0000 (top bit set in shi1_type) indicates a hidden share.</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>shi1_netname - pointer to net name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>shi1_type - type of share. 0 - undocumented.</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>shi1_remark - pointer to comment.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1388" +></A +>9.2.3.28. SH_INFO_1_STR (level 1 share info strings)</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>shi1_netname - unicode string of net name</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>shi1_remark - unicode string of comment.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1399" +></A +>9.2.3.29. SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</H4 +><P +>share container with 0 entries:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - EntriesRead</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - Buffer</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>share container with > 0 entries:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>EntriesRead</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>non-zero - Buffer</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>EntriesRead</P +></DD +><DT +>SH_INFO_1_PTR[EntriesRead]</DT +><DD +><P +>share entry pointers</P +></DD +><DT +>SH_INFO_1_STR[EntriesRead]</DT +><DD +><P +>share entry strings</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with start of the SMB header.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>EntriesRead</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - padding</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1445" +></A +>9.2.3.30. SERVER_INFO_101</H4 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: see cifs6.txt section 6.4 - the fields described therein will be of assistance here. for example, the type listed below is the same as fServerType, which is described in 6.4.1. </I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>SV_TYPE_WORKSTATION</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000001 All workstations</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_SERVER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000002 All servers</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_SQLSERVER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000004 Any server running with SQL server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_CTRL</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000008 Primary domain controller</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_BAKCTRL</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000010 Backup domain controller</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_TIME_SOURCE</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000020 Server running the timesource service</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_AFP</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000040 Apple File Protocol servers</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_NOVELL</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000080 Novell servers</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_MEMBER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000100 Domain Member</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_PRINTQ_SERVER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000200 Server sharing print queue</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DIALIN_SERVER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000400 Server running dialin service.</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_XENIX_SERVER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00000800 Xenix server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_NT</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00001000 NT server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_WFW</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00002000 Server running Windows for </P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_SERVER_NT</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00008000 Windows NT non DC server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_POTENTIAL_BROWSER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00010000 Server that can run the browser service</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_BACKUP_BROWSER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00020000 Backup browser server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_MASTER_BROWSER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00040000 Master browser server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_MASTER</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00080000 Domain Master Browser server</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_LOCAL_LIST_ONLY</DT +><DD +><P +>0x40000000 Enumerate only entries marked "local"</P +></DD +><DT +>SV_TYPE_DOMAIN_ENUM</DT +><DD +><P +>0x80000000 Enumerate Domains. The pszServer and pszDomain parameters must be NULL.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>500 - platform_id</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>5 - major version</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>4 - minor version</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>type (SV_TYPE_... bit field)</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to comment</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>sv101_name - unicode string of server name</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>sv_101_comment - unicode string of server comment.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with start of the SMB header.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1571" +></A +>9.3. MSRPC over Transact Named Pipe</H2 +><P +>For details on the SMB Transact Named Pipe, see cifs6.txt</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1574" +></A +>9.3.1. MSRPC Pipes</H3 +><P +>The MSRPC is conducted over an SMB Transact Pipe with a name of +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>\PIPE\</TT +>. You must first obtain a 16 bit file handle, by +sending a SMBopenX with the pipe name <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>\PIPE\srvsvc</TT +> for example. You can then perform an SMB Trans, -and must carry out an SMBclose on the file handle once you are finished. -</p><p> -Trans Requests must be sent with two setup UINT16s, no UINT16 params (none +and must carry out an SMBclose on the file handle once you are finished.</P +><P +>Trans Requests must be sent with two setup UINT16s, no UINT16 params (none known about), and UINT8 data parameters sufficient to contain the MSRPC header, and MSRPC data. The first UINT16 setup parameter must be either 0x0026 to indicate an RPC, or 0x0001 to indicate Set Named Pipe Handle state. The second UINT16 parameter must be the file handle for the pipe, -obtained above. -</p><p> -The Data section for an API Command of 0x0026 (RPC pipe) in the Trans +obtained above.</P +><P +>The Data section for an API Command of 0x0026 (RPC pipe) in the Trans Request is the RPC Header, followed by the RPC Data. The Data section for an API Command of 0x0001 (Set Named Pipe Handle state) is two bytes. The -only value seen for these two bytes is 0x00 0x43. -</p><p> -MSRPC Responses are sent as response data inside standard SMB Trans -responses, with the MSRPC Header, MSRPC Data and MSRPC tail. -</p><p> -It is suspected that the Trans Requests will need to be at least 2-byte +only value seen for these two bytes is 0x00 0x43.</P +><P +>MSRPC Responses are sent as response data inside standard SMB Trans +responses, with the MSRPC Header, MSRPC Data and MSRPC tail.</P +><P +>It is suspected that the Trans Requests will need to be at least 2-byte aligned (probably 4-byte). This is standard practice for SMBs. It is also independent of the observed 4-byte alignments with the start of the MSRPC header, including the 4-byte alignment between the MSRPC header and the -MSRPC data. -</p><p> -First, an SMBtconX connection is made to the IPC$ share. The connection +MSRPC data.</P +><P +>First, an SMBtconX connection is made to the IPC$ share. The connection must be made using encrypted passwords, not clear-text. Then, an SMBopenX is made on the pipe. Then, a Set Named Pipe Handle State must be sent, after which the pipe is ready to accept API commands. Lastly, and SMBclose -is sent. -</p><p> -To be resolved: -</p><p> -lkcl/01nov97 there appear to be two additional bytes after the null-terminated \PIPE\ name for the RPC pipe. Values seen so far are -listed below:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - initial SMBopenX request: RPC API command 0x26 params: - "\\PIPE\\lsarpc" 0x65 0x63; 0x72 0x70; 0x44 0x65; - "\\PIPE\\srvsvc" 0x73 0x76; 0x4E 0x00; 0x5C 0x43; -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2863422"></a>Header</h3></div></div><p>[section to be rewritten, following receipt of work by Duncan Stansfield]</p><p>Interesting note: if you set packed data representation to 0x0100 0000 -then all 4-byte and 2-byte word ordering is turned around!</p><p>The start of each of the NTLSA and NETLOGON named pipes begins with:</p><div class="segmentedlist"><p><b>offset: </b>00</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>5 - RPC major version</p><p><b>offset: </b>01</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>0 - RPC minor version</p><p><b>offset: </b>02</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>2 - RPC response packet</p><p><b>offset: </b>03</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>3 - (FirstFrag bit-wise or with LastFrag)</p><p><b>offset: </b>04</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT32</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>0x1000 0000 - packed data representation</p><p><b>offset: </b>08</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT16</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>fragment length - data size (bytes) inc header and tail.</p><p><b>offset: </b>0A</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT16</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>0 - authentication length </p><p><b>offset: </b>0C</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT32</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>call identifier. matches 12th UINT32 of incoming RPC data.</p><p><b>offset: </b>10</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT32</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>allocation hint - data size (bytes) minus header and tail.</p><p><b>offset: </b>14</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT16</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>0 - presentation context identifier</p><p><b>offset: </b>16</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>0 - cancel count</p><p><b>offset: </b>17</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>UINT8</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>in replies: 0 - reserved; in requests: opnum - see #defines.</p><p><b>offset: </b>18</p><p><b>Variable type: </b>......</p><p><b>Variable data: </b>start of data (goes on for allocation_hint bytes)</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863612"></a>RPC_Packet for request, response, bind and bind acknowledgement</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT8 versionmaj</span></dt><dd><p>reply same as request (0x05)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 versionmin</span></dt><dd><p>reply same as request (0x00)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 type</span></dt><dd><p>one of the MSRPC_Type enums</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 flags</span></dt><dd><p>reply same as request (0x00 for Bind, 0x03 for Request)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 representation</span></dt><dd><p>reply same as request (0x00000010)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 fraglength</span></dt><dd><p>the length of the data section of the SMB trans packet</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 authlength</span></dt><dd><p></p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 callid</span></dt><dd><p>call identifier. (e.g. 0x00149594)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* stub USE TvPacket</span></dt><dd><p>the remainder of the packet depending on the "type"</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863746"></a>Interface identification</h4></div></div><p>the interfaces are numbered. as yet I haven't seen more than one interface used on the same pipe name srvsvc</p><pre class="programlisting"> -abstract (0x4B324FC8, 0x01D31670, 0x475A7812, 0x88E16EBF, 0x00000003) -transfer (0x8A885D04, 0x11C91CEB, 0x0008E89F, 0x6048102B, 0x00000002) -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863772"></a>RPC_Iface RW</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT8 byte[16]</span></dt><dd><p>16 bytes of number</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 version</span></dt><dd><p>the interface number</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863811"></a>RPC_ReqBind RW</h4></div></div><p>the remainder of the packet after the header if "type" was Bind in the response header, "type" should be BindAck</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16 maxtsize</span></dt><dd><p>maximum transmission fragment size (0x1630)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 maxrsize</span></dt><dd><p>max receive fragment size (0x1630)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 assocgid</span></dt><dd><p>associated group id (0x0)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 numelements</span></dt><dd><p>the number of elements (0x1)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 contextid</span></dt><dd><p>presentation context identifier (0x0)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 numsyntaxes</span></dt><dd><p>the number of syntaxes (has always been 1?)(0x1)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* abstractint USE RPC_Iface</span></dt><dd><p>num and vers. of interface client is using</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* transferint USE RPC_Iface</span></dt><dd><p>num and vers. of interface to use for replies</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863952"></a>RPC_Address RW</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16 length</span></dt><dd><p>length of the string including null terminator</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* port USE string</span></dt><dd><p>the string above in single byte, null terminated form</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2863992"></a>RPC_ResBind RW</h4></div></div><p>the response to place after the header in the reply packet</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16 maxtsize</span></dt><dd><p>same as request</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 maxrsize</span></dt><dd><p>same as request</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32 assocgid</span></dt><dd><p>zero</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* secondaddr USE RPC_Address</span></dt><dd><p>the address string, as described earlier</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 numresults</span></dt><dd><p>the number of results (0x01)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 result</span></dt><dd><p>result (0x00 = accept)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 reason</span></dt><dd><p>reason (0x00 = no reason specified)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* transfersyntax USE RPC_Iface</span></dt><dd><p>the transfer syntax from the request</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864143"></a>RPC_ReqNorm RW</h4></div></div><p>the remainder of the packet after the header for every other other request</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32 allochint</span></dt><dd><p>the size of the stub data in bytes</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 prescontext</span></dt><dd><p>presentation context identifier (0x0)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 opnum</span></dt><dd><p>operation number (0x15)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* stub USE TvPacket</span></dt><dd><p>a packet dependent on the pipe name (probably the interface) and the op number)</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864215"></a>RPC_ResNorm RW</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32 allochint</span></dt><dd><p># size of the stub data in bytes</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16 prescontext</span></dt><dd><p># presentation context identifier (same as request)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 cancelcount</span></dt><dd><p># cancel count? (0x0)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8 reserved</span></dt><dd><p># 0 - one byte padding</p></dd><dt><span class="term">* stub USE TvPacket</span></dt><dd><p># the remainder of the reply</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864296"></a>Tail</h3></div></div><p>The end of each of the NTLSA and NETLOGON named pipes ends with:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">......</span></dt><dd><p>end of data</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>return code</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864342"></a>RPC Bind / Bind Ack</h3></div></div><p> -RPC Binds are the process of associating an RPC pipe (e.g \PIPE\lsarpc) -with a "transfer syntax" (see RPC_Iface structure). The purpose for doing -this is unknown. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The RPC_ResBind SMB Transact request is sent with two uint16 setup parameters. The first is 0x0026; the second is the file handle - returned by the SMBopenX Transact response.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The RPC_ResBind members maxtsize, maxrsize and assocgid are the same in the response as the same members in the RPC_ReqBind. The +is sent.</P +><P +>To be resolved:</P +><P +>lkcl/01nov97 there appear to be two additional bytes after the null-terminated \PIPE\ name for the RPC pipe. Values seen so far are +listed below:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> initial SMBopenX request: RPC API command 0x26 params: + "\\PIPE\\lsarpc" 0x65 0x63; 0x72 0x70; 0x44 0x65; + "\\PIPE\\srvsvc" 0x73 0x76; 0x4E 0x00; 0x5C 0x43;</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1588" +></A +>9.3.2. Header</H3 +><P +>[section to be rewritten, following receipt of work by Duncan Stansfield]</P +><P +>Interesting note: if you set packed data representation to 0x0100 0000 +then all 4-byte and 2-byte word ordering is turned around!</P +><P +>The start of each of the NTLSA and NETLOGON named pipes begins with:</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>00</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>5 - RPC major version</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>01</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>0 - RPC minor version</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>02</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>2 - RPC response packet</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>03</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>3 - (FirstFrag bit-wise or with LastFrag)</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>04</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT32</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>0x1000 0000 - packed data representation</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>08</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT16</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>fragment length - data size (bytes) inc header and tail.</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>0A</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT16</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>0 - authentication length </P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>0C</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT32</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>call identifier. matches 12th UINT32 of incoming RPC data.</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>10</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT32</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>allocation hint - data size (bytes) minus header and tail.</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>14</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT16</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>0 - presentation context identifier</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>16</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>0 - cancel count</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>17</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>UINT8</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>in replies: 0 - reserved; in requests: opnum - see #defines.</P +><P +><B +>offset: </B +>18</P +><P +><B +>Variable type: </B +>......</P +><P +><B +>Variable data: </B +>start of data (goes on for allocation_hint bytes)</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1649" +></A +>9.3.2.1. RPC_Packet for request, response, bind and bind acknowledgement</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT8 versionmaj</DT +><DD +><P +>reply same as request (0x05)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 versionmin</DT +><DD +><P +>reply same as request (0x00)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 type</DT +><DD +><P +>one of the MSRPC_Type enums</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 flags</DT +><DD +><P +>reply same as request (0x00 for Bind, 0x03 for Request)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 representation</DT +><DD +><P +>reply same as request (0x00000010)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 fraglength</DT +><DD +><P +>the length of the data section of the SMB trans packet</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 authlength</DT +><DD +><P +></P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 callid</DT +><DD +><P +>call identifier. (e.g. 0x00149594)</P +></DD +><DT +>* stub USE TvPacket</DT +><DD +><P +>the remainder of the packet depending on the "type"</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1688" +></A +>9.3.2.2. Interface identification</H4 +><P +>the interfaces are numbered. as yet I haven't seen more than one interface used on the same pipe name srvsvc</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>abstract (0x4B324FC8, 0x01D31670, 0x475A7812, 0x88E16EBF, 0x00000003) +transfer (0x8A885D04, 0x11C91CEB, 0x0008E89F, 0x6048102B, 0x00000002)</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1693" +></A +>9.3.2.3. RPC_Iface RW</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT8 byte[16]</DT +><DD +><P +>16 bytes of number</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 version</DT +><DD +><P +>the interface number</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1704" +></A +>9.3.2.4. RPC_ReqBind RW</H4 +><P +>the remainder of the packet after the header if "type" was Bind in the response header, "type" should be BindAck</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16 maxtsize</DT +><DD +><P +>maximum transmission fragment size (0x1630)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 maxrsize</DT +><DD +><P +>max receive fragment size (0x1630)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 assocgid</DT +><DD +><P +>associated group id (0x0)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 numelements</DT +><DD +><P +>the number of elements (0x1)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 contextid</DT +><DD +><P +>presentation context identifier (0x0)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 numsyntaxes</DT +><DD +><P +>the number of syntaxes (has always been 1?)(0x1)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</P +></DD +><DT +>* abstractint USE RPC_Iface</DT +><DD +><P +>num and vers. of interface client is using</P +></DD +><DT +>* transferint USE RPC_Iface</DT +><DD +><P +>num and vers. of interface to use for replies</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1744" +></A +>9.3.2.5. RPC_Address RW</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16 length</DT +><DD +><P +>length of the string including null terminator</P +></DD +><DT +>* port USE string</DT +><DD +><P +>the string above in single byte, null terminated form</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1755" +></A +>9.3.2.6. RPC_ResBind RW</H4 +><P +>the response to place after the header in the reply packet</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16 maxtsize</DT +><DD +><P +>same as request</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 maxrsize</DT +><DD +><P +>same as request</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32 assocgid</DT +><DD +><P +>zero</P +></DD +><DT +>* secondaddr USE RPC_Address</DT +><DD +><P +>the address string, as described earlier</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 numresults</DT +><DD +><P +>the number of results (0x01)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>4-byte alignment padding, against SMB header</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 result</DT +><DD +><P +>result (0x00 = accept)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 reason</DT +><DD +><P +>reason (0x00 = no reason specified)</P +></DD +><DT +>* transfersyntax USE RPC_Iface</DT +><DD +><P +>the transfer syntax from the request</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1799" +></A +>9.3.2.7. RPC_ReqNorm RW</H4 +><P +>the remainder of the packet after the header for every other other request</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32 allochint</DT +><DD +><P +>the size of the stub data in bytes</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 prescontext</DT +><DD +><P +>presentation context identifier (0x0)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 opnum</DT +><DD +><P +>operation number (0x15)</P +></DD +><DT +>* stub USE TvPacket</DT +><DD +><P +>a packet dependent on the pipe name (probably the interface) and the op number)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1819" +></A +>9.3.2.8. RPC_ResNorm RW</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32 allochint</DT +><DD +><P +># size of the stub data in bytes</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16 prescontext</DT +><DD +><P +># presentation context identifier (same as request)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 cancelcount</DT +><DD +><P +># cancel count? (0x0)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8 reserved</DT +><DD +><P +># 0 - one byte padding</P +></DD +><DT +>* stub USE TvPacket</DT +><DD +><P +># the remainder of the reply</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1842" +></A +>9.3.3. Tail</H3 +><P +>The end of each of the NTLSA and NETLOGON named pipes ends with:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>......</DT +><DD +><P +>end of data</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>return code</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1854" +></A +>9.3.4. RPC Bind / Bind Ack</H3 +><P +>RPC Binds are the process of associating an RPC pipe (e.g \PIPE\lsarpc) +with a "transfer syntax" (see RPC_Iface structure). The purpose for doing +this is unknown.</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The RPC_ResBind SMB Transact request is sent with two uint16 setup parameters. The first is 0x0026; the second is the file handle + returned by the SMBopenX Transact response.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The RPC_ResBind members maxtsize, maxrsize and assocgid are the same in the response as the same members in the RPC_ReqBind. The RPC_ResBind member transfersyntax is the same in the response as - the</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The RPC_ResBind response member secondaddr contains the name of what is presumed to be the service behind the RPC pipe. The - mapping identified so far is:</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">initial SMBopenX request:</span></dt><dd><p>RPC_ResBind response:</p></dd><dt><span class="term">"\\PIPE\\srvsvc"</span></dt><dd><p>"\\PIPE\\ntsvcs"</p></dd><dt><span class="term">"\\PIPE\\samr"</span></dt><dd><p>"\\PIPE\\lsass"</p></dd><dt><span class="term">"\\PIPE\\lsarpc"</span></dt><dd><p>"\\PIPE\\lsass"</p></dd><dt><span class="term">"\\PIPE\\wkssvc"</span></dt><dd><p>"\\PIPE\\wksvcs"</p></dd><dt><span class="term">"\\PIPE\\NETLOGON"</span></dt><dd><p>"\\PIPE\\NETLOGON"</p></dd></dl></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The RPC_Packet fraglength member in both the Bind Request and Bind Acknowledgment must contain the length of the entire RPC data, including the RPC_Packet header.</em></span></p><p>Request:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>RPC_Packet</td></tr><tr><td>RPC_ReqBind</td></tr></table><p>Response:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>RPC_Packet</td></tr><tr><td>RPC_ResBind</td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864522"></a>NTLSA Transact Named Pipe</h3></div></div><p>The sequence of actions taken on this pipe are:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Establish a connection to the IPC$ share (SMBtconX). use encrypted passwords.</td></tr><tr><td>Open an RPC Pipe with the name "\\PIPE\\lsarpc". Store the file handle.</td></tr><tr><td>Using the file handle, send a Set Named Pipe Handle state to 0x4300.</td></tr><tr><td>Send an LSA Open Policy request. Store the Policy Handle.</td></tr><tr><td>Using the Policy Handle, send LSA Query Info Policy requests, etc.</td></tr><tr><td>Using the Policy Handle, send an LSA Close.</td></tr><tr><td>Close the IPC$ share.</td></tr></table><p>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LSA Open Policy:</span></dt><dd><p>0x2c</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Query Info Policy:</span></dt><dd><p>0x07</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains:</span></dt><dd><p>0x0d</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Open Secret:</span></dt><dd><p>0xff</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Lookup SIDs:</span></dt><dd><p>0xfe</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Lookup Names:</span></dt><dd><p>0xfd</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Close:</span></dt><dd><p>0x00</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864687"></a>LSA Open Policy</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The policy handle can be anything you like.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864701"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>server name - unicode string starting with two '\'s</p></dd><dt><span class="term">OBJ_ATTR</span></dt><dd><p>object attributes</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>1 - desired access</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864771"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>LSA policy handle</p></dd><dt><span class="term">return</span></dt><dd><p>0 - indicates success</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864813"></a>LSA Query Info Policy</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: The info class in response must be the same as that in the request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864828"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>LSA policy handle</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>info class (also a policy handle?)</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864866"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>info class (same as info class in request).</p></dd></dl></div><pre class="programlisting"> -switch (info class) + the</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The RPC_ResBind response member secondaddr contains the name of what is presumed to be the service behind the RPC pipe. The + mapping identified so far is:</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>initial SMBopenX request:</DT +><DD +><P +>RPC_ResBind response:</P +></DD +><DT +>"\\PIPE\\srvsvc"</DT +><DD +><P +>"\\PIPE\\ntsvcs"</P +></DD +><DT +>"\\PIPE\\samr"</DT +><DD +><P +>"\\PIPE\\lsass"</P +></DD +><DT +>"\\PIPE\\lsarpc"</DT +><DD +><P +>"\\PIPE\\lsass"</P +></DD +><DT +>"\\PIPE\\wkssvc"</DT +><DD +><P +>"\\PIPE\\wksvcs"</P +></DD +><DT +>"\\PIPE\\NETLOGON"</DT +><DD +><P +>"\\PIPE\\NETLOGON"</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The RPC_Packet fraglength member in both the Bind Request and Bind Acknowledgment must contain the length of the entire RPC data, including the RPC_Packet header.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Request:</P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>RPC_Packet</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>RPC_ReqBind</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +><P +>Response:</P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>RPC_Packet</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>RPC_ResBind</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1898" +></A +>9.3.5. NTLSA Transact Named Pipe</H3 +><P +>The sequence of actions taken on this pipe are:</P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>Establish a connection to the IPC$ share (SMBtconX). use encrypted passwords.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Open an RPC Pipe with the name "\\PIPE\\lsarpc". Store the file handle.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Using the file handle, send a Set Named Pipe Handle state to 0x4300.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Send an LSA Open Policy request. Store the Policy Handle.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Using the Policy Handle, send LSA Query Info Policy requests, etc.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Using the Policy Handle, send an LSA Close.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>Close the IPC$ share.</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +><P +>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>LSA Open Policy:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x2c</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Query Info Policy:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x07</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0d</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Open Secret:</DT +><DD +><P +>0xff</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Lookup SIDs:</DT +><DD +><P +>0xfe</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Lookup Names:</DT +><DD +><P +>0xfd</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Close:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x00</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1939" +></A +>9.3.6. LSA Open Policy</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The policy handle can be anything you like.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1943" +></A +>9.3.6.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>server name - unicode string starting with two '\'s</P +></DD +><DT +>OBJ_ATTR</DT +><DD +><P +>object attributes</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>1 - desired access</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1962" +></A +>9.3.6.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>LSA policy handle</P +></DD +><DT +>return</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - indicates success</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1973" +></A +>9.3.7. LSA Query Info Policy</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: The info class in response must be the same as that in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1977" +></A +>9.3.7.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>LSA policy handle</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>info class (also a policy handle?)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1988" +></A +>9.3.7.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>info class (same as info class in request).</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>switch (info class) case 3: case 5: { DOM_INFO domain info, levels 3 and 5 (are the same). } -return 0 - indicates success -</pre></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864921"></a>LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864928"></a>Request</h4></div></div><p>no extra data</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2864941"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - enumeration context</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - entries read</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - trust information</p></dd><dt><span class="term">return</span></dt><dd><p>0x8000 001a - "no trusted domains" success code</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865012"></a>LSA Open Secret</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865020"></a>Request</h4></div></div><p>no extra data</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865032"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>0 - undocumented</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0x0C00 0034 - "no such secret" success code</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865122"></a>LSA Close</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865129"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>policy handle to be closed</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865157"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>0s - closed policy handle (all zeros)</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865188"></a>LSA Lookup SIDS</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: num_entries in response must be same as num_entries in request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865203"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>LSA policy handle</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain SID buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain name buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*[num_entries] undocumented domain SID pointers to be looked up. -</span></dt><dd><p>DOM_SID[num_entries] domain SIDs to be looked up.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[16]</span></dt><dd><p>completely undocumented 16 bytes.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865302"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">DOM_REF</span></dt><dd><p>domain reference response</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_SID2[num_entries]</span></dt><dd><p>domain SIDs (from Request, listed above).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865399"></a>LSA Lookup Names</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: num_entries in response must be same as num_entries in request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865413"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">POL_HND</span></dt><dd><p>LSA policy handle</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain SID buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented domain name buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">NAME[num_entries]</span></dt><dd><p>names to be looked up.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[]</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented bytes - falsely translated SID structure?</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865527"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">DOM_REF</span></dt><dd><p>domain reference response</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">DOM_RID[num_entries]</span></dt><dd><p>domain SIDs (from Request, listed above).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>num_entries (listed above)</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2865625"></a>NETLOGON rpc Transact Named Pipe</h2></div></div><p>The sequence of actions taken on this pipe are:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>tablish a connection to the IPC$ share (SMBtconX). use encrypted passwords.</td></tr><tr><td>en an RPC Pipe with the name "\\PIPE\\NETLOGON". Store the file handle.</td></tr><tr><td>ing the file handle, send a Set Named Pipe Handle state to 0x4300.</td></tr><tr><td>eate Client Challenge. Send LSA Request Challenge. Store Server Challenge.</td></tr><tr><td>lculate Session Key. Send an LSA Auth 2 Challenge. Store Auth2 Challenge.</td></tr><tr><td>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA Srv PW Set. Calc/Verify Server Creds.</td></tr><tr><td>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA SAM Logon . Calc/Verify Server Creds.</td></tr><tr><td>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA SAM Logoff. Calc/Verify Server Creds.</td></tr><tr><td>ose the IPC$ share.</td></tr></table><p>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LSA Request Challenge:</span></dt><dd><p>0x04</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Server Password Set:</span></dt><dd><p>0x06</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA SAM Logon:</span></dt><dd><p>0x02</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA SAM Logoff:</span></dt><dd><p>0x03</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Auth 2:</span></dt><dd><p>0x0f</p></dd><dt><span class="term">LSA Logon Control:</span></dt><dd><p>0x0e</p></dd></dl></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865786"></a>LSA Request Challenge</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: logon client is the machine, not the user.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: the initial LanManager password hash, against which the challenge is issued, is the machine name itself (lower case). there will becalls issued (LSA Server Password Set) which will change this, later. refusing these calls allows you to always deal with the same password (i.e the LM# of the machine name in lower case).</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865818"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon server unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>logon client unicode string</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[8]</span></dt><dd><p>client challenge</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865888"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">char[8]</span></dt><dd><p>server challenge</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865921"></a>LSA Authenticate 2</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: in between request and response, calculate the client credentials, and check them against the client-calculated credentials (this process uses the previously received client credentials).</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: neg_flags in the response is the same as that in the request.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received here, because they will be used in subsequent authentication packets.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865952"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">LOG_INFO</span></dt><dd><p>client identification info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[8]</span></dt><dd><p>client-calculated credentials</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to 4-byte align with start of SMB header.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>neg_flags - negotiated flags (usual value is 0x0000 01ff)</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866021"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">char[8]</span></dt><dd><p>server credentials.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>neg_flags - same as neg_flags in request.</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success. failure value unknown.</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866069"></a>LSA Server Password Set</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: the new password is suspected to be a DES encryption using the old password to generate the key.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: in between request and response, calculate the client credentials, and check them against the client-calculated credentials (this process uses the previously received client credentials).</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: the server credentials are constructed from the client-calculated credentials and the client time + 1 second.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received here, because they will be used in subsequent authentication packets.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866109"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">CLNT_INFO</span></dt><dd><p>client identification/authentication info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[]</span></dt><dd><p>new password - undocumented.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866151"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">CREDS</span></dt><dd><p>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success; 0xC000 006a indicates failure</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866185"></a>LSA SAM Logon</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Note: valid_user is True iff the username and password hash are valid for - the requested domain. -</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866200"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">SAM_INFO</span></dt><dd><p>sam_id structure</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866227"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">CREDS</span></dt><dd><p>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</p></dd></dl></div><pre class="programlisting"> -if (valid_user) +return 0 - indicates success</PRE +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2001" +></A +>9.3.8. LSA Enumerate Trusted Domains</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2003" +></A +>9.3.8.1. Request</H4 +><P +>no extra data</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2006" +></A +>9.3.8.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - enumeration context</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - entries read</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - trust information</P +></DD +><DT +>return</DT +><DD +><P +>0x8000 001a - "no trusted domains" success code</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2025" +></A +>9.3.9. LSA Open Secret</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2027" +></A +>9.3.9.1. Request</H4 +><P +>no extra data</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2030" +></A +>9.3.9.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>0 - undocumented</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0x0C00 0034 - "no such secret" success code</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2054" +></A +>9.3.10. LSA Close</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2056" +></A +>9.3.10.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>policy handle to be closed</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2063" +></A +>9.3.10.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>0s - closed policy handle (all zeros)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2071" +></A +>9.3.11. LSA Lookup SIDS</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: num_entries in response must be same as num_entries in request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2075" +></A +>9.3.11.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>LSA policy handle</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain SID buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain name buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*[num_entries] undocumented domain SID pointers to be looked up.</DT +><DD +><P +>DOM_SID[num_entries] domain SIDs to be looked up.</P +></DD +><DT +>char[16]</DT +><DD +><P +>completely undocumented 16 bytes.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2102" +></A +>9.3.11.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>DOM_REF</DT +><DD +><P +>domain reference response</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_SID2[num_entries]</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SIDs (from Request, listed above).</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2130" +></A +>9.3.12. LSA Lookup Names</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: num_entries in response must be same as num_entries in request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2134" +></A +>9.3.12.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>POL_HND</DT +><DD +><P +>LSA policy handle</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain SID buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented domain name buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>NAME[num_entries]</DT +><DD +><P +>names to be looked up.</P +></DD +><DT +>char[]</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented bytes - falsely translated SID structure?</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2165" +></A +>9.3.12.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>DOM_REF</DT +><DD +><P +>domain reference response</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +><DT +>DOM_RID[num_entries]</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SIDs (from Request, listed above).</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>num_entries (listed above)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2193" +></A +>9.4. NETLOGON rpc Transact Named Pipe</H2 +><P +>The sequence of actions taken on this pipe are:</P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>tablish a connection to the IPC$ share (SMBtconX). use encrypted passwords.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>en an RPC Pipe with the name "\\PIPE\\NETLOGON". Store the file handle.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>ing the file handle, send a Set Named Pipe Handle state to 0x4300.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>eate Client Challenge. Send LSA Request Challenge. Store Server Challenge.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>lculate Session Key. Send an LSA Auth 2 Challenge. Store Auth2 Challenge.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA Srv PW Set. Calc/Verify Server Creds.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA SAM Logon . Calc/Verify Server Creds.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>lc/Verify Client Creds. Send LSA SAM Logoff. Calc/Verify Server Creds.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>ose the IPC$ share.</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +><P +>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>LSA Request Challenge:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x04</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Server Password Set:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x06</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA SAM Logon:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x02</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA SAM Logoff:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x03</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Auth 2:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0f</P +></DD +><DT +>LSA Logon Control:</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0e</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2232" +></A +>9.4.1. LSA Request Challenge</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: logon server name starts with two '\' characters and is upper case.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: logon client is the machine, not the user.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: the initial LanManager password hash, against which the challenge is issued, is the machine name itself (lower case). there will becalls issued (LSA Server Password Set) which will change this, later. refusing these calls allows you to always deal with the same password (i.e the LM# of the machine name in lower case).</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2240" +></A +>9.4.1.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon server unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>logon client unicode string</P +></DD +><DT +>char[8]</DT +><DD +><P +>client challenge</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2259" +></A +>9.4.1.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>char[8]</DT +><DD +><P +>server challenge</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2267" +></A +>9.4.2. LSA Authenticate 2</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: in between request and response, calculate the client credentials, and check them against the client-calculated credentials (this process uses the previously received client credentials).</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: neg_flags in the response is the same as that in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received here, because they will be used in subsequent authentication packets.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2275" +></A +>9.4.2.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>LOG_INFO</DT +><DD +><P +>client identification info</P +></DD +><DT +>char[8]</DT +><DD +><P +>client-calculated credentials</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to 4-byte align with start of SMB header.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>neg_flags - negotiated flags (usual value is 0x0000 01ff)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2294" +></A +>9.4.2.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>char[8]</DT +><DD +><P +>server credentials.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>neg_flags - same as neg_flags in request.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success. failure value unknown.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2306" +></A +>9.4.3. LSA Server Password Set</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: the new password is suspected to be a DES encryption using the old password to generate the key.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: in between request and response, calculate the client credentials, and check them against the client-calculated credentials (this process uses the previously received client credentials).</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: the server credentials are constructed from the client-calculated credentials and the client time + 1 second.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: you must take a copy of the client-calculated credentials received here, because they will be used in subsequent authentication packets.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2316" +></A +>9.4.3.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>CLNT_INFO</DT +><DD +><P +>client identification/authentication info</P +></DD +><DT +>char[]</DT +><DD +><P +>new password - undocumented.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2327" +></A +>9.4.3.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>CREDS</DT +><DD +><P +>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success; 0xC000 006a indicates failure</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2335" +></A +>9.4.4. LSA SAM Logon</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: valid_user is True iff the username and password hash are valid for + the requested domain.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2339" +></A +>9.4.4.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>SAM_INFO</DT +><DD +><P +>sam_id structure</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2346" +></A +>9.4.4.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>CREDS</DT +><DD +><P +>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>if (valid_user) { UINT16 3 - switch value indicating USER_INFO structure. VOID* non-zero - pointer to USER_INFO structure @@ -1298,117 +6896,1325 @@ else UINT32 1 - Authoritative response; 0 - Non-Auth? return 0xC000 0064 - NT_STATUS_NO_SUCH_USER. -} -</pre></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866299"></a>LSA SAM Logoff</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Note: presumably, the SAM_INFO structure is validated, and a (currently - undocumented) error code returned if the Logoff is invalid. -</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866314"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">SAM_INFO</span></dt><dd><p>sam_id structure</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866341"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>undocumented buffer pointer</p></dd><dt><span class="term">CREDS</span></dt><dd><p>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success. undocumented failure indication.</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866391"></a>\\MAILSLOT\NET\NTLOGON</h2></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Note: mailslots will contain a response mailslot, to which the response - should be sent. the target NetBIOS name is REQUEST_NAME<20>, where - REQUEST_NAME is the name of the machine that sent the request. -</em></span></p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866408"></a>Query for PDC</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: NTversion, LMNTtoken, LM20token in response are the same as those given in the request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866422"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>0x0007 - Query for PDC</p></dd><dt><span class="term">STR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">STR</span></dt><dd><p>response mailslot</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to 2-byte align with start of mailslot.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>NTversion</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LMNTtoken</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LM20token</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866549"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>0x000A - Respose to Query for PDC</p></dd><dt><span class="term">STR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name (in uppercase)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to 2-byte align with start of mailslot.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>domain name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>NTversion (same as received in request)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LMNTtoken (same as received in request)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LM20token (same as received in request)</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866670"></a>SAM Logon</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: machine name in response is preceded by two '\' characters.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: NTversion, LMNTtoken, LM20token in response are the same as those given in the request.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: user name in the response is presumably the same as that in the request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866698"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>0x0012 - SAM Logon</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>request count</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>user name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">STR</span></dt><dd><p>response mailslot</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>alloweable account</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID size</p></dd><dt><span class="term">char[sid_size]</span></dt><dd><p>domain SID, of sid_size bytes.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>???? padding to 4? 2? -byte align with start of mailslot.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>NTversion</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LMNTtoken</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LM20token</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2866881"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>0x0013 - Response to SAM Logon</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>machine name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>user name - workstation trust account</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR</span></dt><dd><p>domain name </p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>NTversion</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LMNTtoken</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT16</span></dt><dd><p>LM20token</p></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866996"></a>SRVSVC Transact Named Pipe</h2></div></div><p>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Net Share Enum</span></dt><dd><p>0x0f</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Net Server Get Info</span></dt><dd><p>0x15</p></dd></dl></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867041"></a>Net Share Enum</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: share level and switch value in the response are presumably the same as those in the request.</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: cifsrap2.txt (section 5) may be of limited assistance here.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867062"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer (to server name?)</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>server name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT8[]</span></dt><dd><p>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with the start of the SMB header.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>share level</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>switch value</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</span></dt><dd><p>share info with 0 entries</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>preferred maximum length (0xffff ffff)</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867188"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>share level</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>switch value</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</span></dt><dd><p>share info (only added if share info ptr is non-zero)</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867261"></a>Net Server Get Info</h3></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note: level is the same value as in the request.</em></span></p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867275"></a>Request</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UNISTR2</span></dt><dd><p>server name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>switch level</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867316"></a>Response</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">UINT32</span></dt><dd><p>switch level</p></dd><dt><span class="term">VOID*</span></dt><dd><p>pointer to SERVER_INFO_101</p></dd><dt><span class="term">SERVER_INFO_101</span></dt><dd><p>server info (only added if server info ptr is non-zero)</p></dd></dl></div><p>return 0 - indicates success</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867378"></a>Cryptographic side of NT Domain Authentication</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867386"></a>Definitions</h3></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Add(A1,A2)</span></dt><dd><p>Intel byte ordered addition of corresponding 4 byte words in arrays A1 and A2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">E(K,D)</span></dt><dd><p>DES ECB encryption of 8 byte data D using 7 byte key K</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lmowf()</span></dt><dd><p>Lan man hash</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ntowf()</span></dt><dd><p>NT hash</p></dd><dt><span class="term">PW</span></dt><dd><p>md4(machine_password) == md4(lsadump $machine.acc) == -pwdump(machine$) (initially) == md4(lmowf(unicode(machine))) -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ARC4(K,Lk,D,Ld)</span></dt><dd><p>ARC4 encryption of data D of length Ld with key K of length Lk</p></dd><dt><span class="term">v[m..n(,l)]</span></dt><dd><p>subset of v from bytes m to n, optionally padded with zeroes to length l</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Cred(K,D)</span></dt><dd><p>E(K[7..7,7],E(K[0..6],D)) computes a credential</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Time()</span></dt><dd><p>4 byte current time</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Cc,Cs</span></dt><dd><p>8 byte client and server challenges Rc,Rs: 8 byte client and server credentials</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867548"></a>Protocol</h3></div></div><pre class="programlisting"> -C->S ReqChal,Cc -S->C Cs -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -C & S compute session key Ks = E(PW[9..15],E(PW[0..6],Add(Cc,Cs))) -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Cc) -C->S Authenticate,Rc -S: Rs = Cred(Ks,Cs), assert(Rc == Cred(Ks,Cc)) -S->C Rs -C: assert(Rs == Cred(Ks,Cs)) -</pre><p> -On joining the domain the client will optionally attempt to change its +}</PRE +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2359" +></A +>9.4.5. LSA SAM Logoff</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: presumably, the SAM_INFO structure is validated, and a (currently + undocumented) error code returned if the Logoff is invalid.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2363" +></A +>9.4.5.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>SAM_INFO</DT +><DD +><P +>sam_id structure</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2370" +></A +>9.4.5.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>undocumented buffer pointer</P +></DD +><DT +>CREDS</DT +><DD +><P +>server credentials. server time stamp appears to be ignored.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success. undocumented failure indication.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2382" +></A +>9.5. \\MAILSLOT\NET\NTLOGON</H2 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: mailslots will contain a response mailslot, to which the response + should be sent. the target NetBIOS name is REQUEST_NAME<20>, where + REQUEST_NAME is the name of the machine that sent the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2386" +></A +>9.5.1. Query for PDC</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: NTversion, LMNTtoken, LM20token in response are the same as those given in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2390" +></A +>9.5.1.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0007 - Query for PDC</P +></DD +><DT +>STR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name</P +></DD +><DT +>STR</DT +><DD +><P +>response mailslot</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to 2-byte align with start of mailslot.</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>NTversion</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LMNTtoken</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LM20token</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2425" +></A +>9.5.1.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>0x000A - Respose to Query for PDC</P +></DD +><DT +>STR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name (in uppercase)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to 2-byte align with start of mailslot.</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>NTversion (same as received in request)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LMNTtoken (same as received in request)</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LM20token (same as received in request)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2460" +></A +>9.5.2. SAM Logon</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: machine name in response is preceded by two '\' characters.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: NTversion, LMNTtoken, LM20token in response are the same as those given in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: user name in the response is presumably the same as that in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2468" +></A +>9.5.2.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0012 - SAM Logon</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>request count</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>user name</P +></DD +><DT +>STR</DT +><DD +><P +>response mailslot</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>alloweable account</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID size</P +></DD +><DT +>char[sid_size]</DT +><DD +><P +>domain SID, of sid_size bytes.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>???? padding to 4? 2? -byte align with start of mailslot.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>NTversion</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LMNTtoken</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LM20token</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2519" +></A +>9.5.2.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0013 - Response to SAM Logon</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>machine name</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>user name - workstation trust account</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR</DT +><DD +><P +>domain name </P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>NTversion</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LMNTtoken</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT16</DT +><DD +><P +>LM20token</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2550" +></A +>9.6. SRVSVC Transact Named Pipe</H2 +><P +>Defines for this pipe, identifying the query are:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>Net Share Enum</DT +><DD +><P +>0x0f</P +></DD +><DT +>Net Server Get Info</DT +><DD +><P +>0x15</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2562" +></A +>9.6.1. Net Share Enum</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: share level and switch value in the response are presumably the same as those in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: cifsrap2.txt (section 5) may be of limited assistance here.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2568" +></A +>9.6.1.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer (to server name?)</P +></DD +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>server name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT8[]</DT +><DD +><P +>padding to get unicode string 4-byte aligned with the start of the SMB header.</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>share level</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>switch value</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</P +></DD +><DT +>SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</DT +><DD +><P +>share info with 0 entries</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>preferred maximum length (0xffff ffff)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2603" +></A +>9.6.1.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>share level</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>switch value</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</P +></DD +><DT +>SHARE_INFO_1_CTR</DT +><DD +><P +>share info (only added if share info ptr is non-zero)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2623" +></A +>9.6.2. Net Server Get Info</H3 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note: level is the same value as in the request.</I +></SPAN +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2627" +></A +>9.6.2.1. Request</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UNISTR2</DT +><DD +><P +>server name</P +></DD +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>switch level</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2638" +></A +>9.6.2.2. Response</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>UINT32</DT +><DD +><P +>switch level</P +></DD +><DT +>VOID*</DT +><DD +><P +>pointer to SERVER_INFO_101</P +></DD +><DT +>SERVER_INFO_101</DT +><DD +><P +>server info (only added if server info ptr is non-zero)</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>return 0 - indicates success</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2654" +></A +>9.7. Cryptographic side of NT Domain Authentication</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2656" +></A +>9.7.1. Definitions</H3 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>Add(A1,A2)</DT +><DD +><P +>Intel byte ordered addition of corresponding 4 byte words in arrays A1 and A2</P +></DD +><DT +>E(K,D)</DT +><DD +><P +>DES ECB encryption of 8 byte data D using 7 byte key K</P +></DD +><DT +>lmowf()</DT +><DD +><P +>Lan man hash</P +></DD +><DT +>ntowf()</DT +><DD +><P +>NT hash</P +></DD +><DT +>PW</DT +><DD +><P +>md4(machine_password) == md4(lsadump $machine.acc) == +pwdump(machine$) (initially) == md4(lmowf(unicode(machine)))</P +></DD +><DT +>ARC4(K,Lk,D,Ld)</DT +><DD +><P +>ARC4 encryption of data D of length Ld with key K of length Lk</P +></DD +><DT +>v[m..n(,l)]</DT +><DD +><P +>subset of v from bytes m to n, optionally padded with zeroes to length l</P +></DD +><DT +>Cred(K,D)</DT +><DD +><P +>E(K[7..7,7],E(K[0..6],D)) computes a credential</P +></DD +><DT +>Time()</DT +><DD +><P +>4 byte current time</P +></DD +><DT +>Cc,Cs</DT +><DD +><P +>8 byte client and server challenges Rc,Rs: 8 byte client and server credentials</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2699" +></A +>9.7.2. Protocol</H3 +><P +>C->S ReqChal,Cc S->C Cs</P +><P +>C & S compute session key Ks = E(PW[9..15],E(PW[0..6],Add(Cc,Cs)))</P +><P +>C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Cc) C->S Authenticate,Rc S: Rs = Cred(Ks,Cs), +assert(Rc == Cred(Ks,Cc)) S->C Rs C: assert(Rs == Cred(Ks,Cs))</P +><P +>On joining the domain the client will optionally attempt to change its password and the domain controller may refuse to update it depending -on registry settings. This will also occur weekly afterwards. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -C: Tc = Time(), Rc' = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc) -C->S ServerPasswordSet,Rc',Tc,arc4(Ks[0..7,16],lmowf(randompassword()) -C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1) -S: assert(Rc' == Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc)), Ts = Time() -S: Rs' = Cred(Ks,Rs+Tc+1) -S->C Rs',Ts -C: assert(Rs' == Cred(Ks,Rs+Tc+1)) -S: Rs = Rs' -</pre><p> -User: U with password P wishes to login to the domain (incidental data -such as workstation and domain omitted) -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -C: Tc = Time(), Rc' = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc) -C->S NetLogonSamLogon,Rc',Tc,U,arc4(Ks[0..7,16],16,ntowf(P),16), arc4(Ks[0..7,16],16,lmowf(P),16) -S: assert(Rc' == Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc)) assert(passwords match those in SAM) -S: Ts = Time() -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -S->C Cred(Ks,Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1)),userinfo(logon script,UID,SIDs,etc) -C: assert(Rs == Cred(Ks,Cred(Rc+Tc+1)) -C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1) -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867629"></a>Comments</h3></div></div><p> -On first joining the domain the session key could be computed by +on registry settings. This will also occur weekly afterwards.</P +><P +>C: Tc = Time(), Rc' = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc) C->S ServerPasswordSet,Rc',Tc, +arc4(Ks[0..7,16],lmowf(randompassword()) C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1) S: +assert(Rc' == Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc)), Ts = Time() S: Rs' = Cred(Ks,Rs+Tc+1) +S->C Rs',Ts C: assert(Rs' == Cred(Ks,Rs+Tc+1)) S: Rs = Rs'</P +><P +>User: U with password P wishes to login to the domain (incidental data +such as workstation and domain omitted)</P +><P +>C: Tc = Time(), Rc' = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc) C->S NetLogonSamLogon,Rc',Tc,U, +arc4(Ks[0..7,16],16,ntowf(P),16), arc4(Ks[0..7,16],16,lmowf(P),16) S: +assert(Rc' == Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc)) assert(passwords match those in SAM) S: +Ts = Time()</P +><P +>S->C Cred(Ks,Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1)),userinfo(logon script,UID,SIDs,etc) C: +assert(Rs == Cred(Ks,Cred(Rc+Tc+1)) C: Rc = Cred(Ks,Rc+Tc+1)</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2709" +></A +>9.7.3. Comments</H3 +><P +>On first joining the domain the session key could be computed by anyone listening in on the network as the machine password has a well known value. Until the machine is rebooted it will use this session key to encrypt NT and LM one way functions of passwords which are password equivalents. Any user who logs in before the machine has been rebooted a second time will have their password equivalent exposed. Of -course the new machine password is exposed at this time anyway. -</p><p> -None of the returned user info such as logon script, profile path and -SIDs *appear* to be protected by anything other than the TCP checksum. -</p><p> -The server time stamps appear to be ignored. -</p><p> -The client sends a ReturnAuthenticator in the SamLogon request which I +course the new machine password is exposed at this time anyway.</P +><P +>None of the returned user info such as logon script, profile path and +SIDs *appear* to be protected by anything other than the TCP checksum.</P +><P +>The server time stamps appear to be ignored.</P +><P +>The client sends a ReturnAuthenticator in the SamLogon request which I can't find a use for. However its time is used as the timestamp -returned by the server. -</p><p> -The password OWFs should NOT be sent over the network reversibly +returned by the server.</P +><P +>The password OWFs should NOT be sent over the network reversibly encrypted. They should be sent using ARC4(Ks,md4(owf)) with the server -computing the same function using the owf values in the SAM. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867679"></a>SIDs and RIDs</h2></div></div><p> -SIDs and RIDs are well documented elsewhere. -</p><p> -A SID is an NT Security ID (see DOM_SID structure). They are of the form: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>revision-NN-SubAuth1-SubAuth2-SubAuth3... </td></tr><tr><td>revision-0xNNNNNNNNNNNN-SubAuth1-SubAuth2-SubAuth3...</td></tr></table><p> -currently, the SID revision is 1. -The Sub-Authorities are known as Relative IDs (RIDs). -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867719"></a>Well-known SIDs</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867726"></a>Universal well-known SIDs</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Null SID</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-0-0</p></dd><dt><span class="term">World</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-1-0</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Local</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-2-0</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Creator Owner ID</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-3-0</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Creator Group ID</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-3-1</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Creator Owner Server ID</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-3-2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Creator Group Server ID</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-3-3</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(Non-unique IDs)</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-4</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867852"></a>NT well-known SIDs</h4></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">NT Authority</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Dialup</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-1</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Network</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Batch</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-3</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Interactive</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-4</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Service</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-6</p></dd><dt><span class="term">AnonymousLogon(aka null logon session)</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-7</p></dd><dt><span class="term">Proxy</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-8</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ServerLogon(aka domain controller account)</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-8</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(Logon IDs)</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-5-X-Y</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(NT non-unique IDs)</span></dt><dd><p>S-1-5-0x15-...</p></dd><dt><span class="term">(Built-in domain)</span></dt><dd><p>s-1-5-0x20</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2868034"></a>Well-known RIDS</h3></div></div><p> -A RID is a sub-authority value, as part of either a SID, or in the case +computing the same function using the owf values in the SAM.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2716" +></A +>9.8. SIDs and RIDs</H2 +><P +>SIDs and RIDs are well documented elsewhere.</P +><P +>A SID is an NT Security ID (see DOM_SID structure). They are of the form:</P +><P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>revision-NN-SubAuth1-SubAuth2-SubAuth3... </TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>revision-0xNNNNNNNNNNNN-SubAuth1-SubAuth2-SubAuth3...</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +><P +>currently, the SID revision is 1. +The Sub-Authorities are known as Relative IDs (RIDs).</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2724" +></A +>9.8.1. Well-known SIDs</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2726" +></A +>9.8.1.1. Universal well-known SIDs</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>Null SID</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-0-0</P +></DD +><DT +>World</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-1-0</P +></DD +><DT +>Local</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-2-0</P +></DD +><DT +>Creator Owner ID</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-3-0</P +></DD +><DT +>Creator Group ID</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-3-1</P +></DD +><DT +>Creator Owner Server ID</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-3-2</P +></DD +><DT +>Creator Group Server ID</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-3-3</P +></DD +><DT +>(Non-unique IDs)</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-4</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2761" +></A +>9.8.1.2. NT well-known SIDs</H4 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>NT Authority</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5</P +></DD +><DT +>Dialup</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-1</P +></DD +><DT +>Network</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-2</P +></DD +><DT +>Batch</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-3</P +></DD +><DT +>Interactive</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-4</P +></DD +><DT +>Service</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-6</P +></DD +><DT +>AnonymousLogon(aka null logon session)</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-7</P +></DD +><DT +>Proxy</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-8</P +></DD +><DT +>ServerLogon(aka domain controller account)</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-8</P +></DD +><DT +>(Logon IDs)</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-5-X-Y</P +></DD +><DT +>(NT non-unique IDs)</DT +><DD +><P +>S-1-5-0x15-...</P +></DD +><DT +>(Built-in domain)</DT +><DD +><P +>s-1-5-0x20</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2812" +></A +>9.8.2. Well-known RIDS</H3 +><P +>A RID is a sub-authority value, as part of either a SID, or in the case of Group RIDs, part of the DOM_GID structure, in the USER_INFO_1 -structure, in the LSA SAM Logon response. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2868049"></a>Well-known RID users</h4></div></div><div class="segmentedlist"><p><b>Groupname: </b>DOMAIN_USER_RID_ADMIN</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>01F4</p><p><b>Groupname: </b>DOMAIN_USER_RID_GUEST</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>01F5</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2868097"></a>Well-known RID groups</h4></div></div><div class="segmentedlist"><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ADMINS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0200</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0201</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_GUESTS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0202</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2868157"></a>Well-known RID aliases</h4></div></div><div class="segmentedlist"><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0220</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0221</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_GUESTS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0222</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0223</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ACCOUNT_OPS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0224</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_SYSTEM_OPS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0225</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PRINT_OPS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0226</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_BACKUP_OPS</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0227</p><p><b>Groupname: </b> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_REPLICATOR</p><p><b>????: </b>0x0000</p><p><b>RID: </b>0228</p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="printing"></a>Chapter 10. Samba Printing Internals</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald Carter</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">October 2002</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2859754">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859770"> -Printing Interface to Various Back ends -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859712"> -Print Queue TDB's -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868639"> -ChangeID and Client Caching of Printer Information -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868653"> -Windows NT/2K Printer Change Notify -</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859754"></a>Abstract</h2></div></div><p> -The purpose of this document is to provide some insight into +structure, in the LSA SAM Logon response.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2815" +></A +>9.8.2.1. Well-known RID users</H4 +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +>DOMAIN_USER_RID_ADMIN</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>01F4</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +>DOMAIN_USER_RID_GUEST</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>01F5</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2829" +></A +>9.8.2.2. Well-known RID groups</H4 +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ADMINS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0200</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0201</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_GUESTS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0202</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><HR><H4 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2847" +></A +>9.8.2.3. Well-known RID aliases</H4 +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0220</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0221</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_GUESTS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0222</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0223</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ACCOUNT_OPS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0224</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_SYSTEM_OPS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0225</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PRINT_OPS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0226</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_BACKUP_OPS</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0227</P +><P +><B +>Groupname: </B +> DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_REPLICATOR</P +><P +><B +>????: </B +>0x0000</P +><P +><B +>RID: </B +>0228</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="PRINTING" +></A +>Chapter 10. Samba Printing Internals</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2896" +></A +>10.1. Abstract</H2 +><P +>The purpose of this document is to provide some insight into Samba's printing functionality and also to describe the semantics -of certain features of Windows client printing. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859770"></a> -Printing Interface to Various Back ends -</h2></div></div><p> -Samba uses a table of function pointers to seven functions. The -function prototypes are defined in the <tt>printif</tt> structure declared -in <tt>printing.h</tt>. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>retrieve the contents of a print queue</p></li><li><p>pause the print queue</p></li><li><p>resume a paused print queue</p></li><li><p>delete a job from the queue</p></li><li><p>pause a job in the print queue</p></li><li><p>result a paused print job in the queue</p></li><li><p>submit a job to the print queue</p></li></ul></div><p> -Currently there are only two printing back end implementations -defined. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a generic set of functions for working with standard UNIX - printing subsystems</p></li><li><p>a set of CUPS specific functions (this is only enabled if - the CUPS libraries were located at compile time).</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859712"></a> -Print Queue TDB's -</h2></div></div><p> -Samba provides periodic caching of the output from the "lpq command" +of certain features of Windows client printing.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2899" +></A +>10.2. Printing Interface to Various Back ends</H2 +><P +>Samba uses a table of function pointers to seven functions. The +function prototypes are defined in the <TT +CLASS="VARNAME" +>printif</TT +> structure declared +in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>printing.h</TT +>.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>retrieve the contents of a print queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pause the print queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>resume a paused print queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>delete a job from the queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pause a job in the print queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>result a paused print job in the queue</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>submit a job to the print queue</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Currently there are only two printing back end implementations +defined.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>a generic set of functions for working with standard UNIX + printing subsystems</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>a set of CUPS specific functions (this is only enabled if + the CUPS libraries were located at compile time).</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2925" +></A +>10.3. Print Queue TDB's</H2 +><P +>Samba provides periodic caching of the output from the "lpq command" for performance reasons. This cache time is configurable in seconds. Obviously the longer the cache time the less often smbd will be required to exec a copy of lpq. However, the accuracy of the print -queue contents displayed to clients will be diminished as well. -</p><p> -The list of currently opened print queue TDB's can be found +queue contents displayed to clients will be diminished as well.</P +><P +>The list of currently opened print queue TDB's can be found be examining the list of tdb_print_db structures ( see print_db_head in printing.c ). A queue TDB is opened using the wrapper function printing.c:get_print_db_byname(). The function ensures that smbd @@ -1416,15 +8222,17 @@ does not open more than MAX_PRINT_DBS_OPEN in an effort to prevent a large print server from exhausting all available file descriptors. If the number of open queue TDB's exceeds the MAX_PRINT_DBS_OPEN limit, smbd falls back to a most recently used algorithm for maintaining -a list of open TDB's. -</p><p> -There are two ways in which a a print job can be entered into +a list of open TDB's.</P +><P +>There are two ways in which a a print job can be entered into a print queue's TDB. The first is to submit the job from a Windows client which will insert the job information directly into the TDB. The second method is to have the print job picked up by executing the -"lpq command". -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -/* included from printing.h */ +"lpq command".</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>/* included from printing.h */ struct printjob { pid_t pid; /* which process launched the job */ int sysjob; /* the system (lp) job number */ @@ -1440,28 +8248,63 @@ struct printjob { fstring user; /* the user who started the job */ fstring queuename; /* service number of printer for this job */ NT_DEVICEMODE *nt_devmode; -}; -</pre><p> -The current manifestation of the printjob structure contains a field -for the UNIX job id returned from the "lpq command" and a Windows job +};</PRE +></P +><P +>The current manifestation of the printjob structure contains a field +for the UNIX job id returned from the "lpq command" and a Windows job ID (32-bit bounded by PRINT_MAX_JOBID). When a print job is returned -by the "lpq command" that does not match an existing job in the queue's +by the "lpq command" that does not match an existing job in the queue's TDB, a 32-bit job ID above the <*vance doesn't know what word is missing here*> is generating by adding UNIX_JOB_START to -the id reported by lpq. -</p><p> -In order to match a 32-bit Windows jobid onto a 16-bit lanman print job +the id reported by lpq.</P +><P +>In order to match a 32-bit Windows jobid onto a 16-bit lanman print job id, smbd uses an in memory TDB to match the former to a number appropriate -for old lanman clients. -</p><p> -When updating a print queue, smbd will perform the following -steps ( refer to <tt>print.c:print_queue_update()</tt> ): -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>Check to see if another smbd is currently in +for old lanman clients.</P +><P +>When updating a print queue, smbd will perform the following +steps ( refer to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>print.c:print_queue_update()</TT +> ):</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>Check to see if another smbd is currently in the process of updating the queue contents by checking the pid - stored in <tt>LOCK/<i><tt>printer_name</tt></i></tt>. - If so, then do not update the TDB.</p></li><li><p>Lock the mutex entry in the TDB and store our own pid. - Check that this succeeded, else fail.</p></li><li><p>Store the updated time stamp for the new cache - listing</p></li><li><p>Retrieve the queue listing via "lpq command"</p></li><li><pre class="programlisting"> - foreach job in the queue + stored in <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LOCK/<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>printer_name</I +></TT +></TT +>. + If so, then do not update the TDB.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Lock the mutex entry in the TDB and store our own pid. + Check that this succeeded, else fail.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Store the updated time stamp for the new cache + listing</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Retrieve the queue listing via "lpq command"</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> foreach job in the queue { if the job is a UNIX job, create a new entry; if the job has a Windows based jobid, then @@ -1472,51 +8315,119 @@ steps ( refer to <tt>print.c:print_queue_update()</tt> ): else update the job status only } - }</pre></li><li><p>Delete any jobs in the TDB that are not - in the in the lpq listing</p></li><li><p>Store the print queue status in the TDB</p></li><li><p>update the cache time stamp again</p></li></ol></div><p> -Note that it is the contents of this TDB that is returned to Windows -clients and not the actual listing from the "lpq command". -</p><p> -The NT_DEVICEMODE stored as part of the printjob structure is used to + }</PRE +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Delete any jobs in the TDB that are not + in the in the lpq listing</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Store the print queue status in the TDB</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>update the cache time stamp again</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>Note that it is the contents of this TDB that is returned to Windows +clients and not the actual listing from the "lpq command".</P +><P +>The NT_DEVICEMODE stored as part of the printjob structure is used to store a pointer to a non-default DeviceMode associated with the print job. The pointer will be non-null when the client included a Device Mode in the OpenPrinterEx() call and subsequently submitted a job for printing on that same handle. If the client did not include a Device Mode in the OpenPrinterEx() request, the nt_devmode field is NULL -and the job has the printer's device mode associated with it by default. -</p><p> -Only non-default Device Mode are stored with print jobs in the print +and the job has the printer's device mode associated with it by default.</P +><P +>Only non-default Device Mode are stored with print jobs in the print queue TDB. Otherwise, the Device Mode is obtained from the printer -object when the client issues a GetJob(level == 2) request. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868639"></a> -ChangeID and Client Caching of Printer Information -</h2></div></div><p> -[To be filled in later] -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868653"></a> -Windows NT/2K Printer Change Notify -</h2></div></div><p> -When working with Windows NT+ clients, it is possible for a +object when the client issues a GetJob(level == 2) request.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2959" +></A +>10.4. ChangeID & Client Caching of Printer Information</H2 +><P +>[To be filled in later]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2962" +></A +>10.5. Windows NT/2K Printer Change Notify</H2 +><P +>When working with Windows NT+ clients, it is possible for a print server to use RPC to send asynchronous change notification events to clients for certain printer and print job attributes. This can be useful when the client needs to know that a new job has been added to the queue for a given printer or that the driver for a printer has been changed. Note that this is done entirely orthogonal to cache updates based on a new ChangeID for -a printer object. -</p><p> -The basic set of RPC's used to implement change notification are -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>RemoteFindFirstPrinterChangeNotifyEx ( RFFPCN )</p></li><li><p>RemoteFindNextPrinterChangeNotifyEx ( RFNPCN )</p></li><li><p>FindClosePrinterChangeNotify( FCPCN )</p></li><li><p>ReplyOpenPrinter</p></li><li><p>ReplyClosePrinter</p></li><li><p>RouteRefreshPrinterChangeNotify ( RRPCN )</p></li></ul></div><p> -One additional RPC is available to a server, but is never used by the -Windows spooler service: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>RouteReplyPrinter()</p></li></ul></div><p> -The opnum for all of these RPC's are defined in include/rpc_spoolss.h -</p><p> -Windows NT print servers use a bizarre method of sending print +a printer object.</P +><P +>The basic set of RPC's used to implement change notification are</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>RemoteFindFirstPrinterChangeNotifyEx ( RFFPCN )</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>RemoteFindNextPrinterChangeNotifyEx ( RFNPCN )</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>FindClosePrinterChangeNotify( FCPCN )</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>ReplyOpenPrinter</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>ReplyClosePrinter</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>RouteRefreshPrinterChangeNotify ( RRPCN )</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>One additional RPC is available to a server, but is never used by the +Windows spooler service:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>RouteReplyPrinter()</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The opnum for all of these RPC's are defined in include/rpc_spoolss.h</P +><P +>Windows NT print servers use a bizarre method of sending print notification event to clients. The process of registering a new change notification handle is as follows. The 'C' is for client and the -'S' is for server. All error conditions have been eliminated. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -C: Obtain handle to printer or to the printer +'S' is for server. All error conditions have been eliminated.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>C: Obtain handle to printer or to the printer server via the standard OpenPrinterEx() call. S: Respond with a valid handle to object @@ -1546,229 +8457,453 @@ C: If the change notification handle is ever released by the or a piece of data was wrong. S: The server closes the internal change notification handle (POLICY_HND) and does not send any further change notification - events to the client for that printer or job. -</pre><p> -The current list of notification events supported by Samba can be -found by examining the internal tables in srv_spoolss_nt.c -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>printer_notify_table[]</p></li><li><p>job_notify_table[]</p></li></ul></div><p> -When an event occurs that could be monitored, smbd sends a message + events to the client for that printer or job.</PRE +></P +><P +>The current list of notification events supported by Samba can be +found by examining the internal tables in srv_spoolss_nt.c</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>printer_notify_table[]</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>job_notify_table[]</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>When an event occurs that could be monitored, smbd sends a message to itself about the change. The list of events to be transmitted are queued by the smbd process sending the message to prevent an overload of TDB usage and the internal message is sent during smbd's idle loop (refer to printing/notify.c and the functions -send_spoolss_notify2_msg() and print_notify_send_messages() ). -</p><p> -The decision of whether or not the change is to be sent to connected +send_spoolss_notify2_msg() and print_notify_send_messages() ).</P +><P +>The decision of whether or not the change is to be sent to connected clients is made by the routine which actually sends the notification. -( refer to srv_spoolss_nt.c:recieve_notify2_message() ). -</p><p> -Because it possible to receive a listing of multiple changes for +( refer to srv_spoolss_nt.c:recieve_notify2_message() ).</P +><P +>Because it possible to receive a listing of multiple changes for multiple printers, the notification events must be split into categories by the printer name. This makes it possible to group multiple change events to be sent in a single RPC according to the -printer handle obtained via a ReplyOpenPrinter(). -</p><p> -The actual change notification is performed using the RRPCN request -RPC. This packet contains -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the printer handle registered with the -client's spooler on which the change occurred</p></li><li><p>The change_low value which was sent as part -of the last RFNPCN request from the client</p></li><li><p>The SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO container with the event -information</p></li></ul></div><p> -A <tt>SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO</tt> contains: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the version and flags field are predefined -and should not be changed</p></li><li><p>The count field is the number of entries -in the SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO_DATA array</p></li></ul></div><p> -The <tt>SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO_DATA</tt> entries contain: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The type defines whether or not this event -is for a printer or a print job</p></li><li><p>The field is the flag identifying the event</p></li><li><p>the notify_data union contains the new valuie of the -attribute</p></li><li><p>The enc_type defines the size of the structure for marshalling -and unmarshalling</p></li><li><p>(a) the id must be 0 for a printer event on a printer handle. +printer handle obtained via a ReplyOpenPrinter().</P +><P +>The actual change notification is performed using the RRPCN request +RPC. This packet contains</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>the printer handle registered with the +client's spooler on which the change occurred</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The change_low value which was sent as part +of the last RFNPCN request from the client</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO container with the event +information</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>A <TT +CLASS="VARNAME" +>SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO</TT +> contains:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>the version and flags field are predefined +and should not be changed</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The count field is the number of entries +in the SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO_DATA array</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="VARNAME" +>SPOOL_NOTIFY_INFO_DATA</TT +> entries contain:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The type defines whether or not this event +is for a printer or a print job</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The field is the flag identifying the event</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>the notify_data union contains the new valuie of the +attribute</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The enc_type defines the size of the structure for marshalling +and unmarshalling</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>(a) the id must be 0 for a printer event on a printer handle. (b) the id must be the job id for an event on a printer job (c) the id must be the matching number of the printer index used in the response packet to the RFNPCN when using a print server handle for notification. Samba currently uses the snum of the printer for this which can break if the list of services -has been modified since the notification handle was registered.</p></li><li><p>The size is either (a) the string length in UNICODE for strings, +has been modified since the notification handle was registered.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The size is either (a) the string length in UNICODE for strings, (b) the size in bytes of the security descriptor, or (c) 0 for -data values.</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="wins"></a>Chapter 11. Samba WINS Internals</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald Carter</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">October 2002</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2868400">WINS Failover</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868400"></a>WINS Failover</h2></div></div><p> -The current Samba codebase possesses the capability to use groups of WINS +data values.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="WINS" +></A +>Chapter 11. Samba WINS Internals</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3033" +></A +>11.1. WINS Failover</H2 +><P +>The current Samba codebase possesses the capability to use groups of WINS servers that share a common namespace for NetBIOS name registration and -resolution. The formal parameter syntax is -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - WINS_SERVER_PARAM = SERVER [ SEPARATOR SERVER_LIST ] +resolution. The formal parameter syntax is</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> WINS_SERVER_PARAM = SERVER [ SEPARATOR SERVER_LIST ] WINS_SERVER_PARAM = "wins server" SERVER = ADDR[:TAG] ADDR = ip_addr | fqdn TAG = string SEPARATOR = comma | \s+ - SERVER_LIST = SERVER [ SEPARATOR SERVER_LIST ] -</pre><p> -A simple example of a valid wins server setting is -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - wins server = 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3 -</pre><p> -In the event that no TAG is defined in for a SERVER in the list, smbd assigns a default + SERVER_LIST = SERVER [ SEPARATOR SERVER_LIST ]</PRE +></P +><P +>A simple example of a valid wins server setting is</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] + wins server = 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.3</PRE +></P +><P +>In the event that no TAG is defined in for a SERVER in the list, smbd assigns a default TAG of "*". A TAG is used to group servers of a shared NetBIOS namespace together. Upon startup, nmbd will attempt to register the netbios name value with one server in each -tagged group. -</p><p> -An example using tags to group WINS servers together is show here. Note that the use of -interface names in the tags is only by convention and is not a technical requirement. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - wins server = 192.168.1.2:eth0 192.168.1.3:eth0 192.168.2.2:eth1 -</pre><p> -Using this configuration, nmbd would attempt to register the server's NetBIOS name +tagged group.</P +><P +>An example using tags to group WINS servers together is show here. Note that the use of +interface names in the tags is only by convention and is not a technical requirement.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] + wins server = 192.168.1.2:eth0 192.168.1.3:eth0 192.168.2.2:eth1</PRE +></P +><P +>Using this configuration, nmbd would attempt to register the server's NetBIOS name with one WINS server in each group. Because the "eth0" group has two servers, the second server would only be used when a registration (or resolution) request to -the first server in that group timed out. -</p><p> -NetBIOS name resolution follows a similar pattern as name registration. When resolving +the first server in that group timed out.</P +><P +>NetBIOS name resolution follows a similar pattern as name registration. When resolving a NetBIOS name via WINS, smbd and other Samba programs will attempt to query a single WINS server in a tagged group until either a positive response is obtained at least once or until a server from every tagged group has responded negatively to the name query request. If a timeout occurs when querying a specific WINS server, that server is marked as down to prevent further timeouts and the next server in the WINS group is contacted. Once marked as dead, Samba will not attempt to contact that server for name registration/resolution queries -for a period of 10 minutes. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="sam"></a>Chapter 12. The Upcoming SAM System</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Bartlett</h3></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">1 October 2002</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2869126">Security in the 'new SAM'</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869257">Standalone from UNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869292">Handles and Races in the new SAM</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869361">Layers</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869368">Application</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869384">SAM Interface</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869412">SAM Modules</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869434">SAM Modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869441">Special Module: sam_passdb</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869459">sam_ads</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869498">Memory Management</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869589">Testing</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869126"></a>Security in the 'new SAM'</h2></div></div><p>One of the biggest problems with passdb is it's implementation of +for a period of 10 minutes.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="SAM" +></A +>Chapter 12. The Upcoming SAM System</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3054" +></A +>12.1. Security in the 'new SAM'</H2 +><P +>One of the biggest problems with passdb is it's implementation of 'security'. Access control is on a 'are you root at the moment' basis, and it has no concept of NT ACLs. Things like ldapsam had to add -'magic' 'are you root' checks.</p><p>We took this very seriously when we started work, and the new structure +'magic' 'are you root' checks.</P +><P +>We took this very seriously when we started work, and the new structure is designed with this in mind, from the ground up. Each call to the SAM has a NT_TOKEN and (if relevant) an 'access desired'. This is either provided as a parameter, or implicitly supplied by the object being -accessed.</p><p> -For example, when you call -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +accessed.</P +><P +>For example, when you call </P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>< NTSTATUS sam_get_account_by_name(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const NT_USER_TOKEN *access_token, uint32 access_desired, const char *domain, -const char *name, SAM_ACCOUNT_HANDLE **account) -</pre><p> -The context can be NULL (and is used to allow import/export by setting -up 2 contexts, and allowing calls on both simultaneously) -</p><p> -The access token *must* be specified. Normally the user's token out of -current_user, this can also be a global 'system' context. -</p><p> -The access desired is as per the ACL, for passing to the seaccess stuff. -</p><p> -The domain/username are standard. Even if we only have one domain, +const char *name, SAM_ACCOUNT_HANDLE **account)</PRE +><P +>The context can be NULL (and is used to allow import/export by setting +up 2 contexts, and allowing calls on both simultaneously)</P +><P +>The access token *must* be specified. Normally the user's token out of +current_user, this can also be a global 'system' context.</P +><P +>The access desired is as per the ACL, for passing to the seaccess stuff.</P +><P +>The domain/username are standard. Even if we only have one domain, keeping this ensures that we don't get 'unqualified' usernames (same -problem as we had with unqualified SIDs). -</p><p> -We return a 'handle'. This is opaque to the rest of Samba, but is -operated on by get/set routines, all of which return NTSTATUS. -</p><p> -The access checking is done by the SAM module. The reason it is not +problem as we had with unqualified SIDs).</P +><P +>We return a 'handle'. This is opaque to the rest of Samba, but is +operated on by get/set routines, all of which return NTSTATUS.</P +><P +>The access checking is done by the SAM module. The reason it is not done 'above' the interface is to ensure a 'choke point'. I put a lot of effort into the auth subsystem to ensure we never 'accidentally' forgot to check for null passwords, missed a restriction etc. I intend the SAM -to be written with the same caution. -</p><p> -The reason the access checking is not handled by the interface itself is +to be written with the same caution.</P +><P +>The reason the access checking is not handled by the interface itself is due to the different implementations it make take on. For example, on ADS, you cannot set a password over a non-SSL connection. Other backends may have similar requirements - we need to leave this policy up to the modules. They will naturally have access to 'helper' procedures -and good examples to avoid mishaps. -</p><p> -(Furthermore, some backends my actually chose to push the whole ACL +and good examples to avoid mishaps.</P +><P +>(Furthermore, some backends my actually chose to push the whole ACL issue to the remote server, and - assuming ldap for this example - bind -as the user directly) -</p><p> -Each returned handle has an internal 'access permitted', which allows +as the user directly)</P +><P +>Each returned handle has an internal 'access permitted', which allows the 'get' and 'set' routines to return 'ACCESS_DENIED' for things that were not able to be retrieved from the backend. This removes the need to specify the NT_TOKEN on every operation, and allows for 'object not -present' to be easily distinguished from 'access denied'. -</p><p> -When you 'set' an object (calling sam_update_account) the internal +present' to be easily distinguished from 'access denied'.</P +><P +>When you 'set' an object (calling sam_update_account) the internal details are again used. Each change that has been made to the object has been flagged, so as to avoid race conditions (on unmodified components) and to avoid violating any extra ACL requirements on the -actual data store (like the LDAP server). -</p><p> -Finally, we have generic get_sec_desc() and set_sec_desc() routines to -allow external ACL manipulation. These do lookups based on SID. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869257"></a>Standalone from UNIX</h2></div></div><p> -One of the primary tenants of the 'new SAM' is that it would not attempt +actual data store (like the LDAP server).</P +><P +>Finally, we have generic get_sec_desc() and set_sec_desc() routines to +allow external ACL manipulation. These do lookups based on SID.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3071" +></A +>12.2. Standalone from UNIX</H2 +><P +>One of the primary tenants of the 'new SAM' is that it would not attempt to deal with 'what unix id for that'. This would be left to the 'SMS' (Sid Mapping System') or SID farm, and probably administered via winbind. We have had constructive discussion on how 'basic' unix accounts like 'root' would be handled, and we think this can work. -Accounts not preexisting in unix would be served up via winbind. -</p><p> -This is an *optional* part, and my preferred end-game. We have a fare -way to go before things like winbind up to it however. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869292"></a>Handles and Races in the new SAM</h2></div></div><p> -One of the things that the 'new SAM' work has tried to face is both +Accounts not preexisting in unix would be served up via winbind.</P +><P +>This is an *optional* part, and my preferred end-game. We have a fare +way to go before things like winbind up to it however.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3075" +></A +>12.3. Handles and Races in the new SAM</H2 +><P +>One of the things that the 'new SAM' work has tried to face is both compatibility with existing code, and a closer alignment to the SAMR interface. I consider SAMR to be a 'primary customer' to the this work, because if we get alignment with that wrong, things get more, rather than less complex. Also, most other parts of Samba are much more -flexible with what they can allow. -</p><p> -In any case, that was a decision taken as to how the general design -would progress. BTW, my understanding of SAMR may be completely flawed. -</p><p> -One of the most race-prone areas of the new code is the conflicting -update problem. We have taken two approaches: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>'Not conflicting' conflicts. Due to the way usrmgr operates, it will +flexible with what they can allow.</P +><P +>In any case, that was a decision taken as to how the general design +would progress. BTW, my understanding of SAMR may be completely flawed.</P +><P +>One of the most race-prone areas of the new code is the conflicting +update problem. We have taken two approaches: </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>'Not conflicting' conflicts. Due to the way usrmgr operates, it will open a user, display all the properties and *save* them all, even if you -don't change any. -</p><p> -For this, see what I've done in rpc_server/srv_samr_util.c. I intend +don't change any.</P +><P +>For this, see what I've done in rpc_server/srv_samr_util.c. I intend to take this one step further, and operate on the 'handle' that the values were read from. This should mean that we only update things that -have *really* changed. -</p></li><li><p> -'conflicting' updates: Currently we don't deal with this (in passdb +have *really* changed.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>'conflicting' updates: Currently we don't deal with this (in passdb or the new sam stuff), but the design is sufficiently flexible to 'deny' -a second update. I don't foresee locking records however. -</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869361"></a>Layers</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869368"></a>Application</h3></div></div><p> -This is where smbd, samtest and whatever end-user replacement we have +a second update. I don't foresee locking records however.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3086" +></A +>12.4. Layers</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3088" +></A +>12.4.1. Application</H3 +><P +>This is where smbd, samtest and whatever end-user replacement we have for pdbedit sits. They use only the SAM interface, and do not get -'special knowledge' of what is below them. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869384"></a>SAM Interface</h3></div></div><p> -This level 'owns' the various handle structures, the get/set routines on +'special knowledge' of what is below them.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3091" +></A +>12.4.2. SAM Interface</H3 +><P +>This level 'owns' the various handle structures, the get/set routines on those structures and provides the public interface. The application layer may initialize a 'context' to be passed to all interface routines, else a default, self-initialising context will be supplied. This layser finds the appropriate backend module for the task, and tries very hard not to need to much 'knowledge'. It should just provide the required -abstraction to the modules below, and arrange for their initial loading. -</p><p> -We could possibly add ACL checking at this layer, to avoid discrepancies -in implementation modules. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869412"></a>SAM Modules</h3></div></div><p> -These do not communicate with the application directly, only by setting +abstraction to the modules below, and arrange for their initial loading.</P +><P +>We could possibly add ACL checking at this layer, to avoid discrepancies +in implementation modules.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3095" +></A +>12.4.3. SAM Modules</H3 +><P +>These do not communicate with the application directly, only by setting values in the handles, and receiving requests from the interface. These modules are responsible for translating values from the handle's .private into (say) an LDAP modification list. The module is expected to 'know' things like it's own domain SID, domain name, and any other state attached to the SAM. Simpler modules may call back to some helper -routine. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869434"></a>SAM Modules</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869441"></a>Special Module: sam_passdb</h3></div></div><p> -In order for there to be a smooth transition, kai is writing a module +routine.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3098" +></A +>12.5. SAM Modules</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3100" +></A +>12.5.1. Special Module: sam_passdb</H3 +><P +>In order for there to be a smooth transition, kai is writing a module that reads existing passdb backends, and translates them into SAM replies. (Also pulling data from the account policy DB etc). We also intend to write a module that does the reverse - gives the SAM a passdb -interface. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869459"></a>sam_ads</h3></div></div><p> -This is the first of the SAM modules to be committed to the tree - +interface.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><HR><H3 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3103" +></A +>12.5.2. sam_ads</H3 +><P +>This is the first of the SAM modules to be committed to the tree - mainly because I needed to coordinate work with metze (who authored most of it). This module aims to use Samba's libads code to provide an Active Directory LDAP client, suitable for use on a mixed-mode DC. While it is currently being tested against Win2k servers (with a password in the smb.conf file) it is expected to eventually use a (possibly modified) OpenLDAP server. We hope that this will assist in -the construction of an Samba AD DC. -</p><p> -We also intend to construct a Samba 2.2/3.0 compatible ldap module, -again using libads code. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869498"></a>Memory Management</h2></div></div><p> +the construction of an Samba AD DC.</P +><P +>We also intend to construct a Samba 2.2/3.0 compatible ldap module, +again using libads code.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3107" +></A +>12.6. Memory Management</H2 +><P +> The 'new SAM' development effort also concerned itself with getting a sane implementation of memory management. It was decided that we would be (as much as possible) talloc based, using an 'internal talloc @@ -1776,63 +8911,132 @@ context' on many objects. That is, the creation of an object would initiate it's own internal talloc context, and this would be used for all operations on that object. Much of this is already implemented in passdb. Also, like passdb, it will be possible to specify that some -object actually be created on a specified context. -</p><p> -Memory management is important here because the APIs in the 'new SAM' do +object actually be created on a specified context. </P +><P +>Memory management is important here because the APIs in the 'new SAM' do not use 'pdb_init()' or an equivalent. They always allocate new objects. Enumeration's are slightly different, and occur on a supplied context that 'owns' the entire list, rather than per-element. (the enumeration functions return an array of all elements - not full handles just basic (and public) info) Likewise for things that fill in a char -**. -</p><p>For example:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -NTSTATUS sam_lookup_sid(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const NT_USER_TOKEN +**.</P +><P +>For example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>NTSTATUS sam_lookup_sid(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const NT_USER_TOKEN *access_token, TALLOC_CTX *mem_ctx, const DOM_SID *sid, char **name, -uint32 *type) -</pre><p>Takes a context to allocate the 'name' on, while:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -NTSTATUS sam_get_account_by_sid(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const +uint32 *type)</PRE +></P +><P +>Takes a context to allocate the 'name' on, while:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>NTSTATUS sam_get_account_by_sid(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const NT_USER_TOKEN *access_token, uint32 access_desired, const DOM_SID -*accountsid, SAM_ACCOUNT_HANDLE **account) -</pre><p>Allocates a handle and stores the allocation context on that handle.</p><p>I think that the following:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -NTSTATUS sam_enum_accounts(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const +*accountsid, SAM_ACCOUNT_HANDLE **account)</PRE +></P +><P +>Allocates a handle and stores the allocation context on that handle.</P +><P +>I think that the following:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>NTSTATUS sam_enum_accounts(const SAM_CONTEXT *context, const NT_USER_TOKEN *access_token, const DOM_SID *domainsid, uint16 acct_ctrl, -int32 *account_count, SAM_ACCOUNT_ENUM **accounts) -</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869589"></a>Testing</h2></div></div><p> -Testing is vital in any piece of software, and Samba is certainly no +int32 *account_count, SAM_ACCOUNT_ENUM **accounts)</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3121" +></A +>12.7. Testing</H2 +><P +>Testing is vital in any piece of software, and Samba is certainly no exception. In designing this new subsystem, we have taken care to ensure -it is easily tested, independent of outside protocols. -</p><p> -To this end, Jelmer has constructed 'samtest'. -</p><p> -This utility (see torture/samtest.c) is structured like rpcclient, but +it is easily tested, independent of outside protocols.</P +><P +>To this end, Jelmer has constructed 'samtest'. </P +><P +>This utility (see torture/samtest.c) is structured like rpcclient, but instead operates on the SAM subsystem. It creates a 'custom' SAM context, that may be distinct from the default values used by the rest -of the system, and can load a separate configuration file. -</p><p> -A small number of commands are currently implemented, but these have +of the system, and can load a separate configuration file. </P +><P +>A small number of commands are currently implemented, but these have already proved vital in testing. I expect SAM module authors will find -it particularly valuable. -</p><p>Example useage:</p><p><tt>$</tt> <b>bin/samtest</b></p><pre class="programlisting"> -> context ads:ldap://192.168.1.96 -</pre><p> +it particularly valuable.</P +><P +>Example useage:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>bin/samtest</B +></P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>> context ads:ldap://192.168.1.96</PRE +> (this loads a new context, using the new ADS module. The parameter is -the 'location' of the ldap server) -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -> lookup_name DOMAIN abartlet -</pre><p> -(returns a sid). -</p><p> -Because the 'new SAM' is NT ACL based, there will be a command to -specify an arbitrary NT ACL, but for now it uses 'system' by default. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="pwencrypt"></a>Chapter 13. LanMan and NT Password Encryption</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><br> - <tt><<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org</a>></tt><br> - </p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">19 Apr 1999</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2869092">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868961">How does it work?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869678">The smbpasswd file</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869092"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>With the development of LanManager and Windows NT +the 'location' of the ldap server)</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>> lookup_name DOMAIN abartlet</PRE +> +(returns a sid).</P +><P +>Because the 'new SAM' is NT ACL based, there will be a command to +specify an arbitrary NT ACL, but for now it uses 'system' by default.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><HR><H1 +><A +NAME="PWENCRYPT" +></A +>Chapter 13. LanMan and NT Password Encryption</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3147" +></A +>13.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>With the development of LanManager and Windows NT compatible password encryption for Samba, it is now able to validate user connections in exactly the same way as - a LanManager or Windows NT server.</p><p>This document describes how the SMB password encryption + a LanManager or Windows NT server.</P +><P +>This document describes how the SMB password encryption algorithm works and what issues there are in choosing whether you want to use it. You should read it carefully, especially - the part about security and the "PROS and CONS" section.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868961"></a>How does it work?</h2></div></div><p>LanManager encryption is somewhat similar to UNIX + the part about security and the "PROS and CONS" section.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3151" +></A +>13.2. How does it work?</H2 +><P +>LanManager encryption is somewhat similar to UNIX password encryption. The server uses a file containing a hashed value of a user's password. This is created by taking the user's plaintext password, capitalising it, and either @@ -1840,190 +9044,265 @@ specify an arbitrary NT ACL, but for now it uses 'system' by default. This 14 byte value is used as two 56 bit DES keys to encrypt a 'magic' eight byte value, forming a 16 byte value which is stored by the server and client. Let this value be known as - the "hashed password".</p><p>Windows NT encryption is a higher quality mechanism, + the "hashed password".</P +><P +>Windows NT encryption is a higher quality mechanism, consisting of doing an MD4 hash on a Unicode version of the user's password. This also produces a 16 byte hash value that is - non-reversible.</p><p>When a client (LanManager, Windows for WorkGroups, Windows + non-reversible.</P +><P +>When a client (LanManager, Windows for WorkGroups, Windows 95 or Windows NT) wishes to mount a Samba drive (or use a Samba resource), it first requests a connection and negotiates the protocol that the client and server will use. In the reply to this request the Samba server generates and appends an 8 byte, random value - this is stored in the Samba server after the reply is sent - and is known as the "challenge". The challenge is different for - every client connection.</p><p>The client then uses the hashed password (16 byte values + and is known as the "challenge". The challenge is different for + every client connection.</P +><P +>The client then uses the hashed password (16 byte values described above), appended with 5 null bytes, as three 56 bit DES keys, each of which is used to encrypt the challenge 8 byte - value, forming a 24 byte value known as the "response".</p><p>In the SMB call SMBsessionsetupX (when user level security + value, forming a 24 byte value known as the "response".</P +><P +>In the SMB call SMBsessionsetupX (when user level security is selected) or the call SMBtconX (when share level security is selected), the 24 byte response is returned by the client to the Samba server. For Windows NT protocol levels the above calculation is done on both hashes of the user's password and both responses are - returned in the SMB call, giving two 24 byte values.</p><p>The Samba server then reproduces the above calculation, using + returned in the SMB call, giving two 24 byte values.</P +><P +>The Samba server then reproduces the above calculation, using its own stored value of the 16 byte hashed password (read from the - <tt>smbpasswd</tt> file - described later) and the challenge + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +> file - described later) and the challenge value that it kept from the negotiate protocol reply. It then checks to see if the 24 byte value it calculates matches the 24 byte value - returned to it from the client.</p><p>If these values match exactly, then the client knew the + returned to it from the client.</P +><P +>If these values match exactly, then the client knew the correct password (or the 16 byte hashed value - see security note below) and is thus allowed access. If not, then the client did not - know the correct password and is denied access.</p><p>Note that the Samba server never knows or stores the cleartext + know the correct password and is denied access.</P +><P +>Note that the Samba server never knows or stores the cleartext of the user's password - just the 16 byte hashed values derived from it. Also note that the cleartext password or 16 byte hashed values - are never transmitted over the network - thus increasing security.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869678"></a>The smbpasswd file</h2></div></div><a name="SMBPASSWDFILEFORMAT"></a><p>In order for Samba to participate in the above protocol + are never transmitted over the network - thus increasing security.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><HR><H2 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3162" +></A +>13.3. <A +NAME="SMBPASSWDFILEFORMAT" +></A +>The smbpasswd file</H2 +><P +>In order for Samba to participate in the above protocol it must be able to look up the 16 byte hashed values given a user name. Unfortunately, as the UNIX password value is also a one way hash function (ie. it is impossible to retrieve the cleartext of the user's password given the UNIX hash of it), a separate password file containing this 16 byte value must be kept. To minimise problems with - these two password files, getting out of sync, the UNIX <tt> - /etc/passwd</tt> and the <tt>smbpasswd</tt> file, - a utility, <b>mksmbpasswd.sh</b>, is provided to generate - a smbpasswd file from a UNIX <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> file. - </p><p>To generate the smbpasswd file from your <tt>/etc/passwd - </tt> file use the following command:</p><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>cat /etc/passwd | mksmbpasswd.sh - > /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</tt></b></p><p>If you are running on a system that uses NIS, use</p><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>ypcat passwd | mksmbpasswd.sh - > /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</tt></b></p><p>The <b>mksmbpasswd.sh</b> program is found in + these two password files, getting out of sync, the UNIX <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /etc/passwd</TT +> and the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +> file, + a utility, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mksmbpasswd.sh</B +>, is provided to generate + a smbpasswd file from a UNIX <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> file. + </P +><P +>To generate the smbpasswd file from your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd + </TT +> file use the following command :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>cat /etc/passwd | mksmbpasswd.sh + > /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</B +></TT +></P +><P +>If you are running on a system that uses NIS, use</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>ypcat passwd | mksmbpasswd.sh + > /usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</B +></TT +></P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mksmbpasswd.sh</B +> program is found in the Samba source directory. By default, the smbpasswd file is - stored in :</p><p><tt>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</tt></p><p>The owner of the <tt>/usr/local/samba/private/</tt> + stored in :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</TT +></P +><P +>The owner of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/private/</TT +> directory should be set to root, and the permissions on it should - be set to 0500 (<b>chmod 500 /usr/local/samba/private</b>). - </p><p>Likewise, the smbpasswd file inside the private directory should + be set to 0500 (<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chmod 500 /usr/local/samba/private</B +>). + </P +><P +>Likewise, the smbpasswd file inside the private directory should be owned by root and the permissions on is should be set to 0600 - (<b>chmod 600 smbpasswd</b>).</p><p>The format of the smbpasswd file is (The line has been + (<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chmod 600 smbpasswd</B +>).</P +><P +>The format of the smbpasswd file is (The line has been wrapped here. It should appear as one entry per line in - your smbpasswd file.)</p><pre class="programlisting"> -username:uid:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX: + your smbpasswd file.)</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>username:uid:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX: [Account type]:LCT-<last-change-time>:Long name - </pre><p>Although only the <i><tt>username</tt></i>, - <i><tt>uid</tt></i>, <i><tt> - XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</tt></i>, - [<i><tt>Account type</tt></i>] and <i><tt> - last-change-time</tt></i> sections are significant - and are looked at in the Samba code.</p><p>It is <span class="emphasis"><em>VITALLY</em></span> important that there by 32 + </PRE +></P +><P +>Although only the <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>username</I +></TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>uid</I +></TT +>, <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +> XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX</I +></TT +>, + [<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>Account type</I +></TT +>] and <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +> last-change-time</I +></TT +> sections are significant + and are looked at in the Samba code.</P +><P +>It is <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>VITALLY</I +></SPAN +> important that there by 32 'X' characters between the two ':' characters in the XXX sections - the smbpasswd and Samba code will fail to validate any entries that do not have 32 characters between ':' characters. The first XXX section is for the Lanman password hash, the second is for the - Windows NT version.</p><p>When the password file is created all users have password entries + Windows NT version.</P +><P +>When the password file is created all users have password entries consisting of 32 'X' characters. By default this disallows any access as this user. When a user has a password set, the 'X' characters change to 32 ascii hexadecimal digits (0-9, A-F). These are an ascii - representation of the 16 byte hashed value of a user's password.</p><p>To set a user to have no password (not recommended), edit the file + representation of the 16 byte hashed value of a user's password.</P +><P +>To set a user to have no password (not recommended), edit the file using vi, and replace the first 11 characters with the ascii text - <tt>"NO PASSWORD"</tt> (minus the quotes).</p><p>For example, to clear the password for user bob, his smbpasswd file - entry would look like :</p><pre class="programlisting"> -bob:100:NO PASSWORDXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX: - [U ]:LCT-00000000:Bob's full name:/bobhome:/bobshell - </pre><p>If you are allowing users to use the smbpasswd command to set + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>"NO PASSWORD"</TT +> (minus the quotes).</P +><P +>For example, to clear the password for user bob, his smbpasswd file + entry would look like :</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> bob:100:NO PASSWORDXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX:[U ]:LCT-00000000:Bob's full name:/bobhome:/bobshell + </PRE +></P +><P +>If you are allowing users to use the smbpasswd command to set their own passwords, you may want to give users NO PASSWORD initially so they do not have to enter a previous password when changing to their new password (not recommended). In order for you to allow this the - <b>smbpasswd</b> program must be able to connect to the - <b>smbd</b> daemon as that user with no password. Enable this - by adding the line :</p><p><b>null passwords = yes</b></p><p>to the [global] section of the smb.conf file (this is why + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> program must be able to connect to the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> daemon as that user with no password. Enable this + by adding the line :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>null passwords = yes</B +></P +><P +>to the [global] section of the smb.conf file (this is why the above scenario is not recommended). Preferably, allocate your users a default password to begin with, so you do not have - to enable this on your server.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note : </em></span>This file should be protected very + to enable this on your server.</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note : </I +></SPAN +>This file should be protected very carefully. Anyone with access to this file can (with enough knowledge of the protocols) gain access to your SMB server. The file is thus more - sensitive than a normal unix <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> file.</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="modules"></a>Chapter 14. Modules</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 19 March 2003 </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2870133">Advantages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869868">Loading modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869901">Static modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870337">Shared modules</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2870365">Writing modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2870425">Static/Shared selection in configure.in</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2870133"></a>Advantages</h2></div></div><p> -The new modules system has the following advantages: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Transparent loading of static and shared modules (no need -for a subsystem to know about modules)</td></tr><tr><td>Simple selection between shared and static modules at configure time</td></tr><tr><td>"preload modules" option for increasing performance for stable modules</td></tr><tr><td>No nasty #define stuff anymore</td></tr><tr><td>All backends are available as plugin now (including pdb_ldap and pdb_tdb)</td></tr></table></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869868"></a>Loading modules</h2></div></div><p> -Some subsystems in samba use different backends. These backends can be -either statically linked in to samba or available as a plugin. A subsystem -should have a function that allows a module to register itself. For example, -the passdb subsystem has: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -BOOL smb_register_passdb(const char *name, pdb_init_function init, int version); -</pre><p> -This function will be called by the initialisation function of the module to -register itself. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869901"></a>Static modules</h3></div></div><p> -The modules system compiles a list of initialisation functions for the -static modules of each subsystem. This is a define. For example, -it is here currently (from <tt>include/config.h</tt>): -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -/* Static init functions */ -#define static_init_pdb { pdb_mysql_init(); pdb_ldap_init(); pdb_smbpasswd_init(); pdb_tdbsam_init(); pdb_guest_init();} -</pre><p> -These functions should be called before the subsystem is used. That -should be done when the subsystem is initialised or first used. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870337"></a>Shared modules</h3></div></div><p> -If a subsystem needs a certain backend, it should check if it has -already been registered. If the backend hasn't been registered already, -the subsystem should call smb_probe_module(char *subsystem, char *backend). -This function tries to load the correct module from a certain path -($LIBDIR/subsystem/backend.so). If the first character in 'backend' -is a slash, smb_probe_module() tries to load the module from the -absolute path specified in 'backend'. -</p><p>After smb_probe_module() has been executed, the subsystem -should check again if the module has been registered. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2870365"></a>Writing modules</h2></div></div><p> -Each module has an initialisation function. For modules that are -included with samba this name is '<i><tt>subsystem</tt></i>_<i><tt>backend</tt></i>_init'. For external modules (that will never be built-in, but only available as a module) this name is always 'init_module'. (In the case of modules included with samba, the configure system will add a #define subsystem_backend_init() init_module()). -The prototype for these functions is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -int init_module(void); -</pre><p>This function should call one or more -registration functions. The function should return non-zero on success and zero on -failure.</p><p>For example, pdb_ldap_init() contains: </p><pre class="programlisting"> -int pdb_ldap_init(void) -{ - smb_register_passdb("ldapsam", pdb_init_ldapsam, PASSDB_INTERFACE_VERSION); - smb_register_passdb("ldapsam_nua", pdb_init_ldapsam_nua, PASSDB_INTERFACE_VERSION); - return TRUE; -} -</pre><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870425"></a>Static/Shared selection in configure.in</h3></div></div><p> -Some macros in configure.in generate the various defines and substs that -are necessary for the system to work correct. All modules that should -be built by default have to be added to the variable 'default_modules'. -For example, if ldap is found, pdb_ldap is added to this variable. -</p><p> -On the bottom of configure.in, SMB_MODULE() should be called -for each module and SMB_SUBSYSTEM() for each subsystem. -</p><p>Syntax:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -SMB_MODULE(<i><tt>subsystem</tt></i>_<i><tt>backend</tt></i>, <i><tt>object files</tt></i>, <i><tt>plugin name</tt></i>, <i><tt>subsystem name</tt></i>, <i><tt>static_action</tt></i>, <i><tt>shared_action</tt></i>) -SMB_SUBSYSTEM(<i><tt>subsystem</tt></i>) -</pre><p>Also, make sure to add the correct directives to -<tt>Makefile.in</tt>. <i><tt>@SUBSYSTEM_STATIC@</tt></i> -will be replaced with a list of objects files of the modules that need to -be linked in statically. <i><tt>@SUBSYSTEM_MODULES@</tt></i> will -be replaced with the names of the plugins to build. -</p><p>You must make sure all .c files that contain defines that can -be changed by ./configure are rebuilded in the 'modules_clean' make target. -Practically, this means all c files that contain <b>static_init_subsystem;</b> calls need to be rebuilded. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="rpc-plugin"></a>Chapter 15. RPC Pluggable Modules</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Anthony Liguori</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IBM<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:aliguor@us.ibm.com">aliguor@us.ibm.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">January 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2869935">About</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869954">General Overview</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869935"></a>About</h2></div></div><p> -This document describes how to make use the new RPC Pluggable Modules features -of Samba 3.0. This architecture was added to increase the maintainability of -Samba allowing RPC Pipes to be worked on separately from the main CVS branch. -The RPM architecture will also allow third-party vendors to add functionality -to Samba through plug-ins. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869954"></a>General Overview</h2></div></div><p> -When an RPC call is sent to smbd, smbd tries to load a shared library by the -name <tt>librpc_<pipename>.so</tt> to handle the call if -it doesn't know how to handle the call internally. For instance, LSA calls -are handled by <tt>librpc_lsass.so</tt>.. -These shared libraries should be located in the <tt><sambaroot>/lib/rpc</tt>. smbd then attempts to call the init_module function within -the shared library. Check the chapter on modules for more information. -</p><p> -In the init_module function, the library should call -rpc_pipe_register_commands(). This function takes the following arguments: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -int rpc_pipe_register_commands(const char *clnt, const char *srv, - const struct api_struct *cmds, int size); -</pre><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">clnt</span></dt><dd><p>the Client name of the named pipe</p></dd><dt><span class="term">srv</span></dt><dd><p>the Server name of the named pipe</p></dd><dt><span class="term">cmds</span></dt><dd><p>a list of api_structs that map RPC ordinal numbers to function calls</p></dd><dt><span class="term">size</span></dt><dd><p>the number of api_structs contained in cmds</p></dd></dl></div><p> -See rpc_server/srv_reg.c and rpc_server/srv_reg_nt.c for a small example of -how to use this library. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Packaging"></a>Chapter 16. Notes to packagers</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer Vernooij</h3></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2870644">Versioning</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870677">Modules</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2870644"></a>Versioning</h2></div></div><p>Please, please update the version number in -<tt>source/include/version.h</tt> to include the versioning of your package. This makes it easier to distinguish standard samba builds -from custom-build samba builds (distributions often patch packages). For -example, a good version would be: </p><pre class="programlisting"> -Version 2.999+3.0.alpha21-5 for Debian -</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2870677"></a>Modules</h2></div></div><p>Samba now has support for building parts of samba as plugins. This -makes it possible to, for example, put ldap or mysql support in a seperate -package, thus making it possible to have a normal samba package not -depending on ldap or mysql. To build as much parts of samba -as a plugin, run: </p><pre class="programlisting"> -./configure --with-shared-modules=rpc,vfs,auth,pdb,charset -</pre></div></div></div></body></html> + sensitive than a normal unix <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> file.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-HOWTO-Collection.html b/docs/htmldocs/Samba-HOWTO-Collection.html deleted file mode 100644 index 8334ef82f3..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/Samba-HOWTO-Collection.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,9515 +0,0 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>SAMBA Project Documentation</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><meta name="description" content=" -This book is a collection of HOWTOs added to Samba documentation over the years. -Samba is always under development, and so is its' documentation. This release of the -documentation represents a major revision or layout as well as contents. -The most recent version of this document can be found at -http://www.samba.org/ -on the "Documentation" page. Please send updates to -Jelmer Venrooij, -John Terpstra or -Gerald (Jerry) Carter. - -The Samba-Team would like to express sincere thanks to the many people who have with -or without their knowledge contributed to this update. The size and scope of this -project would not have been possible without significant community contribution. A not -insignificant number of ideas for inclusion (if not content itself) has been obtained -from a number of Unofficial HOWTOs - to each such author a big "Thank-you" is also offered. -Please keep publishing your Unofficial HOWTO's - they are a source of inspiration and -application knowledge that is most to be desired by many Samba users and administrators. -"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="book" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="Samba-HOWTO-Collection"></a>SAMBA Project Documentation</h1></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">SAMBA Team</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><p> -This documentation is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) -version 2. A copy of the license is included with the Samba source -distribution. A copy can be found on-line at <a href="http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt" target="_top">http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt</a> -</p></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Monday April 21, 2003</p></div><div><div class="abstract"><p class="title"><b>Abstract</b></p><p> -This book is a collection of HOWTOs added to Samba documentation over the years. -Samba is always under development, and so is its' documentation. This release of the -documentation represents a major revision or layout as well as contents. -The most recent version of this document can be found at -<a href="http://www.samba.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba.org/</a> -on the "Documentation" page. Please send updates to -<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org" target="_top">Jelmer Venrooij</a>, -<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">John Terpstra</a> or -<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</a>. -</p><p> -The Samba-Team would like to express sincere thanks to the many people who have with -or without their knowledge contributed to this update. The size and scope of this -project would not have been possible without significant community contribution. A not -insignificant number of ideas for inclusion (if not content itself) has been obtained -from a number of Unofficial HOWTOs - to each such author a big "Thank-you" is also offered. -Please keep publishing your Unofficial HOWTO's - they are a source of inspiration and -application knowledge that is most to be desired by many Samba users and administrators. -</p></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>I. <a href="#introduction">General Installation</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2794048">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2794106">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2795149">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845311">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790901">Additional Resources</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793926">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2844986">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2844847">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845201">Configuring samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2844744">Editing the smb.conf file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858916">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858954">Try listing the shares available on your - server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859005">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859108">Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859169">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>II. <a href="#type">Server Configuration Basics</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>3. <a href="#ServerType">Nomenclature of Server Types</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2845139">Stand Alone Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859402">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859442">Domain Controller</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859458">Domain Controller Types</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>4. <a href="#securitylevels">Samba as Stand-Alone Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859216">User and Share security level</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859238">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859720">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859774">Server Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860095">Domain Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860234">ADS Level Security</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc"> -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859583">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859607"> -Background -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860563">Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860863">Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861132">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861366">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861423">Joining the Client to the Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861529">Common Problems and Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861536">I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861574">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861621">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861672">The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861721">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861746">Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861910">Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc"> -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2845056">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860294">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862166">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862187">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862212">When is the PDC needed?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2862231">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862264">How do I set up a Samba BDC?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862361">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862390">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#ADS">Samba as a ADS domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862021">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862571">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862765">Possible errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862919">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#domain-member">Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862413">Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863318">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>III. <a href="#optional">Advanced Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>9. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862996">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863646">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863809">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863936">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864124">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864390">Making samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864538">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864555">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864584">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864695">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2864763">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863586">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865218">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865243">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865274">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865287">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865354">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865470">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865517">Browsing support in samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865624">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865703">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>10. <a href="#passdb">User information database</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866099">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866152">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866314">Advantages of SMB Encryption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866353">Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866388">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866568">Plain text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866597">TDB</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866613">LDAP</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866621">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866721">Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866860">Supported LDAP Servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866898">Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867008">Configuring Samba with LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867304">Accounts and Groups management</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867341">Security and sambaAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867456">LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867737">Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867793">MySQL</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867800">Creating the database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867854">Configuring</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867999">Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868029">Getting non-column data from the table</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868072">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#unix-permissions">UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865054">Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864937">How to view file security on a Samba share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868280">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868401">Viewing file or directory permissions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868484">File Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868587">Directory Permissions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868637">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868797">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869113">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Configuring Group Mapping</a></dt><dt>13. <a href="#printing">Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869498">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869614">Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869661">Creating [print$]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869893">Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869992">Support a large number of printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870099">Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870231">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869233">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869259">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870336">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870355">The Imprints server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870379">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869340">Diagnosis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869347">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870552">Debugging printer problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870619">What printers do I have?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870661">Setting up printcap and print servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870795">Job sent, no output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871344">Job sent, strange output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871420">Raw PostScript printed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871438">Advanced Printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">Real debugging</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871008">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871067">Configuring smb.conf for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871607">CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871091">CUPS as a network PostScript RIP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872272">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872314">Setting up CUPS for driver download</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872401">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872566">cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872915">The CUPS Filter Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873302">CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873339">Further printing steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873758">Limiting the number of pages users can print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874367">Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874473">Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#winbind">Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874714">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874743">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874814">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872135">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872170">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875280">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875352">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875387">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875414">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875442">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875518">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875611">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877210">Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877264">Conclusion</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Manangement</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875143">Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874905">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874974">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875057">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877889">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877672">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877925">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878014">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878140">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878344">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878457">With Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878478">With a Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878502">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877599">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877483">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879080">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879695">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879742">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879925">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879970">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880011">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880040">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880129">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880513">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878684">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881006">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881019">NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881063">NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881087">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881114">Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881210">Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#pam">PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880956">Samba and PAM</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881738">PAM Configuration in smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881795">Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882047">Distributed Authentication</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881331">Introduction and configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882249">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882256">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882295">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882416">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882554">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882592">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882614">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882669">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882214">Instructions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882961">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882745">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883178">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883316">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883360">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883403">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883498">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883030">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883069">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883112">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883144">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883156">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883603">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883619">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884070">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884122">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884164">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883724">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883760">Upgrading Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884358">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884428">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884517">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884562">Japanese charsets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884210">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884872">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884987">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885212">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885239">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885320">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885350">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>IV. <a href="#troubleshooting">Troubleshooting</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>27. <a href="#diagnosis">The samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884776">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884810">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793401">The tests</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886854">Still having troubles?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2790687">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887096">Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887237">Useful URL's</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887343">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887497">How to get off the mailinglists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887016">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886937">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887713">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887849">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887942">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887989">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>V. <a href="#Appendixes">Appendixes</a></dt><dd><dl><dt>30. <a href="#compiling">How to compile SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887580">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887587">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887620">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888377">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888418">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888501">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888639">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888786">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888853">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889045">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888159">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888028">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889725">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889980">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890062">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890304">Samba Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889273">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889171">SCO Unix</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889194">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890671">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890709">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890716">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890741">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890748">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>33. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890402">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890976">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890983">How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891066">How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891126">Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891155">How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891218">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891226">Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891257">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891287">Configure WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891313">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891344">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891361">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891388">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891458">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891475">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891585">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890961">SWAT Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890837">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891873">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891946">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892010">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892118">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892216">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892261">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892300">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892316">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#speed">Samba performance issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891608">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891653">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892541">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892584">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892637">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892660">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892759">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892781">Client tuning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>21.1. <a href="#id2882333">Extended Auditing Log Information</a></dt><dt>31.1. <a href="#id2889997">The 3 Major Site Types</a></dt><dt>31.2. <a href="#id2890135">Nature of the Conversion Choices</a></dt></dl></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="introduction"></a>General Installation</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2789774"></a>Preparing Samba for Configuration</h1></div></div><p>This section of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection contains general info on how to install samba -and how to configure the parts of samba you will most likely need. -PLEASE read this.</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>1. <a href="#IntroSMB">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2794048">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2794106">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2795149">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845311">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790901">Additional Resources</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793926">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2844986">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="#install">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2844847">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845201">Configuring samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2844744">Editing the smb.conf file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858916">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858954">Try listing the shares available on your - server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859005">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859108">Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859169">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="IntroSMB"></a>Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">David Lechnyr</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Unofficial HOWTO<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:david@lechnyr.com">david@lechnyr.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 14, 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2794048">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2794106">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2795149">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845311">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2790901">Additional Resources</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793926">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2844986">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -"If you understand what you're doing, you're not learning anything." --- Anonymous -</em></span></p><p> -Samba is a file and print server for Windows-based clients using TCP/IP as the underlying -transport protocol. In fact, it can support any SMB/CIFS-enabled client. One of Samba's big -strengths is that you can use it to blend your mix of Windows and Linux machines together -without requiring a separate Windows NT/2000/2003 Server. Samba is actively being developed -by a global team of about 30 active programmers and was originally developed by Andrew Tridgell. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2794048"></a>Background</h2></div></div><p> -Once long ago, there was a buzzword referred to as DCE/RPC. This stood for Distributed -Computing Environment/Remote Procedure Calls and conceptually was a good idea. It was -originally developed by Apollo/HP as NCA 1.0 (Network Computing Architecture) and only -ran over UDP. When there was a need to run it over TCP so that it would be compatible -with DECnet 3.0, it was redesigned, submitted to The Open Group, and officially became -known as DCE/RPC. Microsoft came along and decided, rather than pay $20 per seat to -license this technology, to reimplement DCE/RPC themselves as MSRPC. From this, the -concept continued in the form of SMB (Server Message Block, or the "what") using the -NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System, or the "how") compatibility layer. You can -run SMB (i.e., transport) over several different protocols; many different implementations -arose as a result, including NBIPX (NetBIOS over IPX, NwLnkNb, or NWNBLink) and NBT -(NetBIOS over TCP/IP, or NetBT). As the years passed, NBT became the most common form -of implementation until the advance of "Direct-Hosted TCP" -- the Microsoft marketing -term for eliminating NetBIOS entirely and running SMB by itself across TCP port 445 -only. As of yet, direct-hosted TCP has yet to catch on. -</p><p> -Perhaps the best summary of the origins of SMB are voiced in the 1997 article titled, CIFS: -Common Insecurities Fail Scrutiny: -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Several megabytes of NT-security archives, random whitepapers, RFCs, the CIFS spec, the Samba -stuff, a few MS knowledge-base articles, strings extracted from binaries, and packet dumps have -been dutifully waded through during the information-gathering stages of this project, and there -are *still* many missing pieces... While often tedious, at least the way has been generously -littered with occurrences of clapping hand to forehead and muttering 'crikey, what are they -thinking? -</em></span></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2794106"></a>Terminology</h2></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - SMB: Acronym for "Server Message Block". This is Microsoft's file and printer sharing protocol. - </p></li><li><p> - CIFS: Acronym for "Common Internet File System". Around 1996, Microsoft apparently - decided that SMB needed the word "Internet" in it, so they changed it to CIFS. - </p></li><li><p> - Direct-Hosted: A method of providing file/printer sharing services over port 445/tcp - only using DNS for name resolution instead of WINS. - </p></li><li><p> - IPC: Acronym for "Inter-Process Communication". A method to communicate specific - information between programs. - </p></li><li><p> - Marshalling: - A method of serializing (i.e., sequential ordering of) variable data - suitable for transmission via a network connection or storing in a file. The source - data can be re-created using a similar process called unmarshalling. - </p></li><li><p> - NetBIOS: Acronym for "Network Basic Input/Output System". This is not a protocol; - it is a method of communication across an existing protocol. This is a standard which - was originally developed for IBM by Sytek in 1983. To exaggerate the analogy a bit, - it can help to think of this in comparison your computer's BIOS -- it controls the - essential functions of your input/output hardware -- whereas NetBIOS controls the - essential functions of your input/output traffic via the network. Again, this is a bit - of an exaggeration but it should help that paradigm shift. What is important to realize - is that NetBIOS is a transport standard, not a protocol. Unfortunately, even technically - brilliant people tend to interchange NetBIOS with terms like NetBEUI without a second - thought; this will cause no end (and no doubt) of confusion. - </p></li><li><p> - NetBEUI: Acronym for the "NetBIOS Extended User Interface". Unlike NetBIOS, NetBEUI - is a protocol, not a standard. It is also not routable, so traffic on one side of a - router will be unable to communicate with the other side. Understanding NetBEUI is - not essential to deciphering SMB; however it helps to point out that it is not the - same as NetBIOS and to improve your score in trivia at parties. NetBEUI was originally - referred to by Microsoft as "NBF", or "The Windows NT NetBEUI Frame protocol driver". - It is not often heard from these days. - </p></li><li><p> - NBT: Acronym for "NetBIOS over TCP"; also known as "NetBT". Allows the continued use - of NetBIOS traffic proxied over TCP/IP. As a result, NetBIOS names are made - to IP addresses and NetBIOS name types are conceptually equivalent to TCP/IP ports. - This is how file and printer sharing are accomplished in Windows 95/98/ME. They - traditionally rely on three ports: NetBIOS Name Service (nbname) via UDP port 137, - NetBIOS Datagram Service (nbdatagram) via UDP port 138, and NetBIOS Session Service - (nbsession) via TCP port 139. All name resolution is done via WINS, NetBIOS broadcasts, - and DNS. NetBIOS over TCP is documented in RFC 1001 (Concepts and methods) and RFC 1002 - (Detailed specifications). - </p></li><li><p> - W2K: Acronym for Windows 2000 Professional or Server - </p></li><li><p> - W3K: Acronym for Windows 2003 Server - </p></li></ul></div><p>If you plan on getting help, make sure to subscribe to the Samba Mailing List (available at -http://www.samba.org). Optionally, you could just search mailing.unix.samba at http://groups.google.com -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2795149"></a>Related Projects</h2></div></div><p> -There are currently two network filesystem client projects for Linux that are directly -related to Samba: SMBFS and CIFS VFS. These are both available in the Linux kernel itself. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - SMBFS (Server Message Block File System) allows you to mount SMB shares (the protocol - that Microsoft Windows and OS/2 Lan Manager use to share files and printers - over local networks) and access them just like any other Unix directory. This is useful - if you just want to mount such filesystems without being a SMBFS server. - </p></li><li><p> - CIFS VFS (Common Internet File System Virtual File System) is the successor to SMBFS, and - is being actively developed for the upcoming version of the Linux kernel. The intent of this module - is to provide advanced network file system functionality including support for dfs (heirarchical - name space), secure per-user session establishment, safe distributed caching (oplock), - optional packet signing, Unicode and other internationalization improvements, and optional - Winbind (nsswitch) integration. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Again, it's important to note that these are implementations for client filesystems, and have -nothing to do with acting as a file and print server for SMB/CIFS clients. -</p><p> -There are other Open Source CIFS client implementations, such as the jCIFS project -(jcifs.samba.org) which provides an SMB client toolkit written in Java. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2845311"></a>SMB Methodology</h2></div></div><p> -Traditionally, SMB uses UDP port 137 (NetBIOS name service, or netbios-ns), -UDP port 138 (NetBIOS datagram service, or netbios-dgm), and TCP port 139 (NetBIOS -session service, or netbios-ssn). Anyone looking at their network with a good -packet sniffer will be amazed at the amount of traffic generated by just opening -up a single file. In general, SMB sessions are established in the following order: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - "TCP Connection" - establish 3-way handshake (connection) to port 139/tcp - or 445/tcp. - </p></li><li><p> - "NetBIOS Session Request" - using the following "Calling Names": The local - machine's NetBIOS name plus the 16th character 0x00; The server's NetBIOS - name plus the 16th character 0x20 - </p></li><li><p> - "SMB Negotiate Protocol" - determine the protocol dialect to use, which will - be one of the following: PC Network Program 1.0 (Core) - share level security - mode only; Microsoft Networks 1.03 (Core Plus) - share level security - mode only; Lanman1.0 (LAN Manager 1.0) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication; Lanman2.1 (LAN Manager 2.1) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication; NT LM 0.12 (NT LM 0.12) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication - </p></li><li><p> - SMB Session Startup. Passwords are encrypted (or not) according to one of - the following methods: Null (no encryption); Cleartext (no encryption); LM - and NTLM; NTLM; NTLMv2 - </p></li><li><p> - SMB Tree Connect: Connect to a share name (e.g., \\servername\share); Connect - to a service type (e.g., IPC$ named pipe) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -A good way to examine this process in depth is to try out SecurityFriday's SWB program -at http://www.securityfriday.com/ToolDownload/SWB/swb_doc.html. It allows you to -walk through the establishment of a SMB/CIFS session step by step. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790901"></a>Additional Resources</h2></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <a href="http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/cifs.txt" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>CIFS: Common Insecurities Fail Scrutiny</em></span> by "Hobbit"</a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://afr.com/it/2002/10/01/FFXDF43AP6D.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Doing the Samba on Windows</em></span> by Financial Review - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://ubiqx.org/cifs/" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Implementing CIFS</em></span> by Christopher R. Hertel - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://samba.anu.edu.au/cifs/docs/what-is-smb.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Just What Is SMB?</em></span> by Richard Sharpe - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-05/samba_01.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Opening Windows Everywhere</em></span> by Mike Warfield - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMB-HOWTO.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>SMB HOWTO</em></span> by David Wood - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.phrack.org/phrack/60/p60-0x0b.txt" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>SMB/CIFS by The Root</em></span> by "ledin" - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-09/samba_01.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>The Story of Samba</em></span> by Christopher R. Hertel - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/samba/" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>The Unofficial Samba HOWTO</em></span> by David Lechnyr - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.linux-mag.com/2001-05/smb_01.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Understanding the Network Neighborhood</em></span> by Christopher R. Hertel - </a> - </p></li><li><p> - <a href="http://www.linux-mag.com/2002-02/samba_01.html" target="_top"> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Using Samba as a PDC</em></span> by Andrew Bartlett - </a> - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2793926"></a>Epilogue</h2></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -"What's fundamentally wrong is that nobody ever had any taste when they -did it. Microsoft has been very much into making the user interface look good, -but internally it's just a complete mess. And even people who program for Microsoft -and who have had years of experience, just don't know how it works internally. -Worse, nobody dares change it. Nobody dares to fix bugs because it's such a -mess that fixing one bug might just break a hundred programs that depend on -that bug. And Microsoft isn't interested in anyone fixing bugs -- they're interested -in making money. They don't have anybody who takes pride in Windows 95 as an -operating system. -</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -People inside Microsoft know it's a bad operating system and they still -continue obviously working on it because they want to get the next version out -because they want to have all these new features to sell more copies of the -system. -</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -The problem with that is that over time, when you have this kind of approach, -and because nobody understands it, because nobody REALLY fixes bugs (other than -when they're really obvious), the end result is really messy. You can't trust -it because under certain circumstances it just spontaneously reboots or just -halts in the middle of something that shouldn't be strange. Normally it works -fine and then once in a blue moon for some completely unknown reason, it's dead, -and nobody knows why. Not Microsoft, not the experienced user and certainly -not the completely clueless user who probably sits there shivering thinking -"What did I do wrong?" when they didn't do anything wrong at all. -</em></span></p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -That's what's really irritating to me." -</em></span></p><p>-- -<a href="http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/boot.txt" target="_top">Linus Torvalds, from an interview with BOOT Magazine, Sept 1998</a> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2844986"></a>Miscellaneous</h2></div></div><p> -This chapter was lovingly handcrafted on a Dell Latitude C400 laptop running Slackware Linux 9.0, -in case anyone asks. -</p><p> -This chapter is Copyright © 2003 David Lechnyr (david at lechnyr dot com). -Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms -of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free -Software Foundation. A copy of the license is available at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Karl Auer</h3></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2844847">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2845201">Configuring samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2844744">Editing the smb.conf file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2858916">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2858954">Try listing the shares available on your - server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859005">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859108">Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859169">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2844847"></a>Obtaining and installing samba</h2></div></div><p>Binary packages of samba are included in almost any Linux or - Unix distribution. There are also some packages available at - <a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">the samba homepage</a>. - </p><p>If you need to compile samba from source, check the - <a href="#compiling" title="Chapter 30. How to compile SAMBA">appropriate appendix chapter</a>.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2845201"></a>Configuring samba</h2></div></div><p>Samba's configuration is stored in the smb.conf file, - that usually resides in <tt>/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt> - or <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt>. You can either - edit this file yourself or do it using one of the many graphical - tools that are available, such as the web-based interface swat, that - is included with samba.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2844744"></a>Editing the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file</h3></div></div><p>There are sample configuration files in the examples - subdirectory in the distribution. I suggest you read them - carefully so you can see how the options go together in - practice. See the man page for all the options.</p><p>The simplest useful configuration file would be - something like this:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - workgroup = MYGROUP - -[homes] - guest ok = no - read only = no - </pre><p>which would allow connections by anyone with an - account on the server, using either their login name or - "<b>homes</b>" as the service name. (Note that I also set the - workgroup that Samba is part of. See BROWSING.txt for details)</p><p>Make sure you put the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file in the same place - you specified in the<tt>Makefile</tt> (the default is to - look for it in <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/</tt>).</p><p>For more information about security settings for the - <b>[homes]</b> share please refer to the chapter - <a href="#securing-samba" title="Chapter 24. Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a>.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2858862"></a>Test your config file with - <b>testparm</b></h4></div></div><p>It's important that you test the validity of your - <tt>smb.conf</tt> file using the testparm program. - If testparm runs OK then it will list the loaded services. If - not it will give an error message.</p><p>Make sure it runs OK and that the services look - reasonable before proceeding. </p><p>Always run testparm again when you change - <tt>smb.conf</tt>!</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2858916"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div><p> - SWAT is a web-based interface that helps you configure samba. - SWAT might not be available in the samba package on your platform, - but in a separate package. Please read the swat manpage - on compiling, installing and configuring swat from source. - </p><p>To launch SWAT just run your favorite web browser and - point it at "http://localhost:901/". Replace <i><tt>localhost</tt></i> with the name of the computer you are running samba on if you - are running samba on a different computer than your browser.</p><p>Note that you can attach to SWAT from any IP connected - machine but connecting from a remote machine leaves your - connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent - in the clear over the wire. </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2858954"></a>Try listing the shares available on your - server</h2></div></div><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient -L - <i><tt>yourhostname</tt></i></tt></b></p><p>You should get back a list of shares available on - your server. If you don't then something is incorrectly setup. - Note that this method can also be used to see what shares - are available on other LanManager clients (such as WfWg).</p><p>If you choose user level security then you may find - that Samba requests a password before it will list the shares. - See the <b>smbclient</b> man page for details. (you - can force it to list the shares without a password by - adding the option -U% to the command line. This will not work - with non-Samba servers)</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859005"></a>Try connecting with the unix client</h2></div></div><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient <i><tt> - //yourhostname/aservice</tt></i></tt></b></p><p>Typically the <i><tt>yourhostname</tt></i> - would be the name of the host where you installed smbd. - The <i><tt>aservice</tt></i> is - any service you have defined in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> - file. Try your user name if you just have a <b>[homes]</b> - section - in <tt>smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>For example if your unix host is <i><tt>bambi</tt></i> - and your login name is <i><tt>fred</tt></i> you would type:</p><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient //<i><tt>bambi</tt></i>/<i><tt>fred</tt></i> - </tt></b></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859108"></a>Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</h2></div></div><p>Try mounting disks. eg:</p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>net use d: \\servername\service - </tt></b></p><p>Try printing. eg:</p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>net use lpt1: - \\servername\spoolservice</tt></b></p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>print filename - </tt></b></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859169"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h2></div></div><p>Then you might read the file chapter - <a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 27. The samba checklist">Diagnosis</a> and the - FAQ. If you are still stuck then try to follow - the <a href="#problems" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and Solving Problems chapter</a> - Samba has been successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide, - so maybe someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it. </p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="type"></a>Server Configuration Basics</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2845027"></a>First Steps in Server Configuration</h1></div></div><p> -Samba can operate in various modes within SMB networks. This HOWTO section contains information on -configuring samba to function as the type of server your network requires. Please read this -section carefully. -</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>3. <a href="#ServerType">Nomenclature of Server Types</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2845139">Stand Alone Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859402">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859442">Domain Controller</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859458">Domain Controller Types</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>4. <a href="#securitylevels">Samba as Stand-Alone Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859216">User and Share security level</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859238">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859720">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859774">Server Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860095">Domain Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860234">ADS Level Security</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="#samba-pdc"> -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859583">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859607"> -Background -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860563">Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860863">Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861132">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861366">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861423">Joining the Client to the Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861529">Common Problems and Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861536">I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861574">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861621">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861672">The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861721">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861746">Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861910">Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="#samba-bdc"> -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2845056">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860294">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862166">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862187">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862212">When is the PDC needed?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2862231">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862264">How do I set up a Samba BDC?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862361">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862390">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="#ADS">Samba as a ADS domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862021">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862571">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862765">Possible errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862919">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="#domain-member">Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862413">Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863318">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ServerType"></a>Chapter 3. Nomenclature of Server Types</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2845139">Stand Alone Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859402">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859442">Domain Controller</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859458">Domain Controller Types</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>Adminstrators of Microsoft networks often refer to there being three -different type of servers:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Stand Alone Server</p></li><li><p>Domain Member Server</p></li><li><p>Domain Controller</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="circle"><li><p>Primary Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>Backup Domain Controller</p></li><li><p>ADS Domain Controller</p></li></ul></div></li></ul></div><p>A network administrator who is familiar with these terms and who -wishes to migrate to or use Samba will want to know what these terms mean -within a Samba context.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2845139"></a>Stand Alone Server</h2></div></div><p> -The term <span class="emphasis"><em>stand alone server</em></span> means that the server -will provide local authentication and access control for all resources -that are available from it. In general this means that there will be a -local user database. In more technical terms, it means that resources -on the machine will either be made available in either SHARE mode or in -USER mode. SHARE mode and USER mode security are documented under -discussions regarding "security mode". The smb.conf configuration parameters -that control security mode are: "security = user" and "security = share". -</p><p> -No special action is needed other than to create user accounts. Stand-alone -servers do NOT provide network logon services, meaning that machines that -use this server do NOT perform a domain logon but instead make use only of -the MS Windows logon which is local to the MS Windows workstation/server. -</p><p> -Samba tends to blur the distinction a little in respect of what is -a stand alone server. This is because the authentication database may be -local or on a remote server, even if from the samba protocol perspective -the samba server is NOT a member of a domain security context. -</p><p> -Through the use of PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) and nsswitch -(the name service switcher) the source of authentication may reside on -another server. We would be inclined to call this the authentication server. -This means that the samba server may use the local Unix/Linux system -password database (/etc/passwd or /etc/shadow), may use a local smbpasswd -file (/etc/samba/smbpasswd or /usr/local/samba/lib/private/smbpasswd), or -may use an LDAP back end, or even via PAM and Winbind another CIFS/SMB -server for authentication. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859402"></a>Domain Member Server</h2></div></div><p> -This mode of server operation involves the samba machine being made a member -of a domain security context. This means by definition that all user authentication -will be done from a centrally defined authentication regime. The authentication -regime may come from an NT3/4 style (old domain technology) server, or it may be -provided from an Active Directory server (ADS) running on MS Windows 2000 or later. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Of course it should be clear that the authentication back end itself could be from any -distributed directory architecture server that is supported by Samba. This can be -LDAP (from OpenLDAP), or Sun's iPlanet, of NetWare Directory Server, etc. -</em></span></p><p> -Please refer to the section on Howto configure Samba as a Primary Domain Controller -and for more information regarding how to create a domain machine account for a -domain member server as well as for information regarding how to enable the samba -domain member machine to join the domain and to be fully trusted by it. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859442"></a>Domain Controller</h2></div></div><p> -Over the years public perceptions of what Domain Control really is has taken on an -almost mystical nature. Before we branch into a brief overview of what Domain Control -is the following types of controller are known: -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2859458"></a>Domain Controller Types</h3></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Primary Domain Controller</td></tr><tr><td>Backup Domain Controller</td></tr><tr><td>ADS Domain Controller</td></tr></table><p> -The <span class="emphasis"><em>Primary Domain Controller</em></span> or PDC plays an important role in the MS -Windows NT3 and NT4 Domain Control architecture, but not in the manner that so many -expect. The PDC seeds the Domain Control database (a part of the Windows registry) and -it plays a key part in synchronisation of the domain authentication database. -</p><p> -New to Samba-3.0.0 is the ability to use a back-end file that holds the same type of data as -the NT4 style SAM (Security Account Manager) database (one of the registry files). -The samba-3.0.0 SAM can be specified via the smb.conf file parameter "passwd backend" and -valid options include <span class="emphasis"><em> smbpasswd tdbsam ldapsam nisplussam plugin unixsam</em></span>. -The smbpasswd, tdbsam and ldapsam options can have a "_nua" suffix to indicate that No Unix -Accounts need to be created. In other words, the Samba SAM will be independant of Unix/Linux -system accounts, provided a uid range is defined from which SAM accounts can be created. -</p><p> -The <span class="emphasis"><em>Backup Domain Controller</em></span> or BDC plays a key role in servicing network -authentication requests. The BDC is biased to answer logon requests so that on a network segment -that has a BDC and a PDC the BDC will be most likely to service network logon requests. The PDC will -answer network logon requests when the BDC is too busy (high load). A BDC can be promoted to -a PDC. If the PDC is on line at the time that the BDC is promoted to PDC the previous PDC is -automatically demoted to a BDC. -</p><p> -At this time Samba is NOT capable of acting as an <span class="emphasis"><em>ADS Domain Controller</em></span>. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="securitylevels"></a>Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2859216">User and Share security level</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2859238">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859720">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859774">Server Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860095">Domain Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860234">ADS Level Security</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -In this section the function and purpose of Samba's <span class="emphasis"><em>security</em></span> -modes are described. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859216"></a>User and Share security level</h2></div></div><p> -A SMB server tells the client at startup what "security level" it is -running. There are two options "share level" and "user level". Which -of these two the client receives affects the way the client then tries -to authenticate itself. It does not directly affect (to any great -extent) the way the Samba server does security. I know this is -strange, but it fits in with the client/server approach of SMB. In SMB -everything is initiated and controlled by the client, and the server -can only tell the client what is available and whether an action is -allowed. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2859238"></a>User Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -I'll describe user level security first, as its simpler. In user level -security the client will send a "session setup" command directly after -the protocol negotiation. This contains a username and password. The -server can either accept or reject that username/password -combination. Note that at this stage the server has no idea what -share the client will eventually try to connect to, so it can't base -the "accept/reject" on anything other than: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>the username/password</p></li><li><p>the machine that the client is coming from</p></li></ol></div><p> -If the server accepts the username/password then the client expects to -be able to mount any share (using a "tree connection") without -specifying a password. It expects that all access rights will be as -the username/password specified in the "session setup". -</p><p> -It is also possible for a client to send multiple "session setup" -requests. When the server responds it gives the client a "uid" to use -as an authentication tag for that username/password. The client can -maintain multiple authentication contexts in this way (WinDD is an -example of an application that does this) -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2859720"></a>Share Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -Ok, now for share level security. In share level security the client -authenticates itself separately for each share. It will send a -password along with each "tree connection" (share mount). It does not -explicitly send a username with this operation. The client is -expecting a password to be associated with each share, independent of -the user. This means that samba has to work out what username the -client probably wants to use. It is never explicitly sent the -username. Some commercial SMB servers such as NT actually associate -passwords directly with shares in share level security, but samba -always uses the unix authentication scheme where it is a -username/password that is authenticated, not a "share/password". -</p><p> -Many clients send a "session setup" even if the server is in share -level security. They normally send a valid username but no -password. Samba records this username in a list of "possible -usernames". When the client then does a "tree connection" it also adds -to this list the name of the share they try to connect to (useful for -home directories) and any users listed in the <b>user =</b> <tt>smb.conf</tt> -line. The password is then checked in turn against these "possible -usernames". If a match is found then the client is authenticated as -that user. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2859774"></a>Server Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -Finally "server level" security. In server level security the samba -server reports to the client that it is in user level security. The -client then does a "session setup" as described earlier. The samba -server takes the username/password that the client sends and attempts -to login to the "password server" by sending exactly the same -username/password that it got from the client. If that server is in -user level security and accepts the password then samba accepts the -clients connection. This allows the samba server to use another SMB -server as the "password server". -</p><p> -You should also note that at the very start of all this, where the -server tells the client what security level it is in, it also tells -the client if it supports encryption. If it does then it supplies the -client with a random "cryptkey". The client will then send all -passwords in encrypted form. You have to compile samba with encryption -enabled to support this feature, and you have to maintain a separate -smbpasswd file with SMB style encrypted passwords. It is -cryptographically impossible to translate from unix style encryption -to SMB style encryption, although there are some fairly simple management -schemes by which the two could be kept in sync. -</p><p> -"security = server" means that Samba reports to clients that -it is running in "user mode" but actually passes off all authentication -requests to another "user mode" server. This requires an additional -parameter "password server =" that points to the real authentication server. -That real authentication server can be another Samba server or can be a -Windows NT server, the later natively capable of encrypted password support. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>Server</em></span> level security is incompatible with what is known -as <span class="emphasis"><em>schannel</em></span> or "sign and seal" protocols. This means that -if you want to use <span class="emphasis"><em>server</em></span> level security you must disable -the use of "sign and seal" on all machines on your network. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2859859"></a>Configuring Samba for Seemless Windows Network Integration</h4></div></div><p> -MS Windows clients may use encrypted passwords as part of a challenege/response -authentication model (a.k.a. NTLMv1) or alone, or clear text strings for simple -password based authentication. It should be realized that with the SMB protocol -the password is passed over the network either in plain text or encrypted, but -not both in the same authentication request. -</p><p> -When encrypted passwords are used a password that has been entered by the user -is encrypted in two ways: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>An MD4 hash of the UNICODE of the password - string. This is known as the NT hash. - </p></li><li><p>The password is converted to upper case, - and then padded or trucated to 14 bytes. This string is - then appended with 5 bytes of NULL characters and split to - form two 56 bit DES keys to encrypt a "magic" 8 byte value. - The resulting 16 bytes for the LanMan hash. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -MS Windows 95 pre-service pack 1, MS Windows NT versions 3.x and version 4.0 -pre-service pack 3 will use either mode of password authentication. All -versions of MS Windows that follow these versions no longer support plain -text passwords by default. -</p><p> -MS Windows clients have a habit of dropping network mappings that have been idle -for 10 minutes or longer. When the user attempts to use the mapped drive -connection that has been dropped, the client re-establishes the connection using -a cached copy of the password. -</p><p> -When Microsoft changed the default password mode, support was dropped for caching -of the plain text password. This means that when the registry parameter is changed -to re-enable use of plain text passwords it appears to work, but when a dropped -service connection mapping attempts to revalidate it will fail if the remote -authentication server does not support encrypted passwords. This means that it -is definitely not a good idea to re-enable plain text password support in such clients. -</p><p> -The following parameters can be used to work around the issue of Windows 9x client -upper casing usernames and password before transmitting them to the SMB server -when using clear text authentication. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDLEVEL" target="_top">passsword level</a> = <i><tt>integer</tt></i> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#USERNAMELEVEL" target="_top">username level</a> = <i><tt>integer</tt></i> -</pre><p> -By default Samba will lower case the username before attempting to lookup the user -in the database of local system accounts. Because UNIX usernames conventionally -only contain lower case character, the <i><tt>username level</tt></i> parameter -is rarely needed. -</p><p> -However, passwords on UNIX systems often make use of mixed case characters. -This means that in order for a user on a Windows 9x client to connect to a Samba -server using clear text authentication, the <i><tt>password level</tt></i> -must be set to the maximum number of upper case letter which <span class="emphasis"><em>could</em></span> -appear is a password. Note that the server OS uses the traditional DES version -of crypt(), a <i><tt>password level</tt></i> of 8 will result in case -insensitive passwords as seen from Windows users. This will also result in longer -login times as Samba has to compute the permutations of the password string and -try them one by one until a match is located (or all combinations fail). -</p><p> -The best option to adopt is to enable support for encrypted passwords -where ever Samba is used. There are three configuration possibilities -for support of encrypted passwords: -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860034"></a>Use MS Windows NT as an authentication server</h4></div></div><p> -This method involves the additions of the following parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - encrypt passwords = Yes - security = server - password server = "NetBIOS_name_of_PDC" -</pre><p> -There are two ways of identifying whether or not a username and -password pair was valid or not. One uses the reply information provided -as part of the authentication messaging process, the other uses -just an error code. -</p><p> -The down-side of this mode of configuration is the fact that -for security reasons Samba will send the password server a bogus -username and a bogus password and if the remote server fails to -reject the username and password pair then an alternative mode -of identification of validation is used. Where a site uses password -lock out after a certain number of failed authentication attempts -this will result in user lockouts. -</p><p> -Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be -a standard Unix account for the user, this account can be blocked -to prevent logons by other than MS Windows clients. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860095"></a>Domain Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -When samba is operating in <span class="emphasis"><em>security = domain</em></span> mode this means that -the Samba server has a domain security trust account (a machine account) and will cause -all authentication requests to be passed through to the domain controllers. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2860115"></a>Samba as a member of an MS Windows NT security domain</h4></div></div><p> -This method involves addition of the following parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - encrypt passwords = Yes - security = domain - workgroup = "name of NT domain" - password server = * -</pre><p> -The use of the "*" argument to <b>password server</b> will cause samba to locate the -domain controller in a way analogous to the way this is done within MS Windows NT. -This is the default behaviour. -</p><p> -In order for this method to work the Samba server needs to join the -MS Windows NT security domain. This is done as follows: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>On the MS Windows NT domain controller using - the Server Manager add a machine account for the Samba server. - </p></li><li><p>Next, on the Linux system execute: - <b>smbpasswd -r PDC_NAME -j DOMAIN_NAME</b> (samba 2.x) - - <b>net join -U administrator%password</b> (samba-3) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be a standard Unix account -for the user in order to assign a uid once the account has been authenticated by -the remote Windows DC. This account can be blocked to prevent logons by clients other than -MS Windows through things such as setting an invalid shell in the -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry. -</p><p> -An alternative to assigning UIDs to Windows users on a Samba member server is -presented in the <a href="#winbind" title="Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind">Winbind Overview</a> chapter -in this HOWTO collection. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2860234"></a>ADS Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -For information about the configuration option please refer to the entire section entitled -<span class="emphasis"><em>Samba as an ADS Domain Member.</em></span> -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-pdc"></a>Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">David Bannon</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (26 Apr 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2859583">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2859607"> -Background -</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860563">Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860863">Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861132">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861366">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861423">Joining the Client to the Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861529">Common Problems and Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861536">I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861574">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861621">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861672">The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2861721">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2861746">Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2861910">Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859583"></a>Prerequisite Reading</h2></div></div><p> -Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure -that you are comfortable with configuring basic files services -in smb.conf and how to enable and administer password -encryption in Samba. Theses two topics are covered in the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> manpage. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2859607"></a> -Background -</h2></div></div><p> -This article outlines the steps necessary for configuring Samba as a PDC. -It is necessary to have a working Samba server prior to implementing the -PDC functionality. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Domain logons for Windows NT 4.0 / 200x / XP Professional clients. - </p></li><li><p> - Placing Windows 9x / Me clients in user level security - </p></li><li><p> - Retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to - Windows 9x / Me / NT / 200x / XP Professional clients - </p></li><li><p> - Roaming Profiles - </p></li><li><p> - Network/System Policies - </p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Roaming Profiles and System/Network policies are advanced network administration topics -that are covered separately in this document. -</p></div><p> -The following functionalities are new to the Samba 3.0 release: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Windows NT 4 domain trusts - </p></li><li><p> - Adding users via the User Manager for Domains - </p></li></ul></div><p> -The following functionalities are NOT provided by Samba 3.0: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - SAM replication with Windows NT 4.0 Domain Controllers - (i.e. a Samba PDC and a Windows NT BDC or vice versa) - </p></li><li><p> - Acting as a Windows 2000 Domain Controller (i.e. Kerberos and - Active Directory) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Please note that Windows 9x / Me / XP Home clients are not true members of a domain -for reasons outlined in this article. Therefore the protocol for -support of Windows 9x-style domain logons is completely different -from NT4 / Win2k type domain logons and has been officially supported for some -time. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -MS Windows XP Home edition is NOT able to join a domain and does not permit -the use of domain logons.</em></span> -</p><p> -Implementing a Samba PDC can basically be divided into 3 broad -steps. -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Configuring the Samba PDC - </p></li><li><p> - Creating machine trust accounts and joining clients to the domain - </p></li><li><p> - Adding and managing domain user accounts - </p></li></ol></div><p> -There are other minor details such as user profiles, system -policies, etc... However, these are not necessarily specific -to a Samba PDC as much as they are related to Windows NT networking -concepts. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2860563"></a>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</h2></div></div><p> -The first step in creating a working Samba PDC is to -understand the parameters necessary in smb.conf. Here we -attempt to explain the parameters that are covered in -the <tt>smb.conf</tt> man page. -</p><p> -Here is an example <tt>smb.conf</tt> for acting as a PDC: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - ; Basic server settings - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#NETBIOSNAME" target="_top">netbios name</a> = <i><tt>POGO</tt></i> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP" target="_top">workgroup</a> = <i><tt>NARNIA</tt></i> - - ; User and Machine Account Backends - ; Choices are: tdbsam, tdbsam_nua, smbpasswd, smbpasswd_nua, ldapsam, ldapsam_nua, ... - ; mysqlsam, xmlsam, guest - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSDBBACKEND" target="_top">passdb backend</a> = ldapsam, guest - - ; we should act as the domain and local master browser - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#OSLEVEL" target="_top">os level</a> = 64 - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PERFERREDMASTER" target="_top">preferred master</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINMASTER" target="_top">domain master</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER" target="_top">local master</a> = yes - - ; security settings (must user security = user) - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSUSER" target="_top">security</a> = user - - ; encrypted passwords are a requirement for a PDC - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">encrypt passwords</a> = yes - - ; support domain logons - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINLOGONS" target="_top">domain logons</a> = yes - - ; where to store user profiles? - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONPATH" target="_top">logon path</a> = \\%N\profiles\%u - - ; where is a user's home directory and where should it be mounted at? - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONDRIVE" target="_top">logon drive</a> = H: - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONHOME" target="_top">logon home</a> = \\homeserver\%u - - ; specify a generic logon script for all users - ; this is a relative **DOS** path to the [netlogon] share - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONSCRIPT" target="_top">logon script</a> = logon.cmd - -; necessary share for domain controller -[netlogon] - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path</a> = /usr/local/samba/lib/netlogon - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" target="_top">read only</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" target="_top">write list</a> = <i><tt>ntadmin</tt></i> - -; share for storing user profiles -[profiles] - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path</a> = /export/smb/ntprofile - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" target="_top">read only</a> = no - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" target="_top">create mask</a> = 0600 - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DIRECTORYMASK" target="_top">directory mask</a> = 0700 -</pre><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The above parameters make for a full set of parameters that may define the server's mode -of operation. The following parameters are the essentials alone: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = NARNIA - domain logons = Yes - security = User -</pre><p> - -The additional parameters shown in the longer listing above just makes for a -more complete environment. -</p></div><p> -There are a couple of points to emphasize in the above configuration. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Encrypted passwords must be enabled. For more details on how - to do this, refer to <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 10. User information database">the User Database chapter</a>. - </p></li><li><p> - The server must support domain logons and a - <tt>[netlogon]</tt> share - </p></li><li><p> - The server must be the domain master browser in order for Windows - client to locate the server as a DC. Please refer to the various - Network Browsing documentation included with this distribution for - details. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Samba 3.0 offers a complete implementation of group mapping -between Windows NT groups and Unix groups (this is really quite -complicated to explain in a short space). -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2860863"></a>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</h2></div></div><p> -A machine trust account is a Samba account that is used to -authenticate a client machine (rather than a user) to the Samba -server. In Windows terminology, this is known as a "Computer -Account."</p><p> -The password of a machine trust account acts as the shared secret for -secure communication with the Domain Controller. This is a security -feature to prevent an unauthorized machine with the same NetBIOS name -from joining the domain and gaining access to domain user/group -accounts. Windows NT, 200x, XP Professional clients use machine trust -accounts, but Windows 9x / Me / XP Home clients do not. Hence, a -Windows 9x / Me / XP Home client is never a true member of a domain -because it does not possess a machine trust account, and thus has no -shared secret with the domain controller. -</p><p>A Windows PDC stores each machine trust account in the Windows -Registry. A Samba-3 PDC also has to store machine trust account information -in a suitable backend data store. With Samba-3 there can be multiple back-ends -for this including: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> - the plain ascii file stored used by - earlier versions of Samba. This file configuration option requires - a Unix/Linux system account for EVERY entry (ie: both for user and for - machine accounts). This file will be located in the <span class="emphasis"><em>private</em></span> - directory (default is /usr/local/samba/lib/private or on linux /etc/samba). - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd_nua</em></span> - This file is independant of the - system wide user accounts. The use of this back-end option requires - specification of the "non unix account range" option also. It is called - smbpasswd and will be located in the <tt>private</tt> directory. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam</em></span> - a binary database backend that will be - stored in the <span class="emphasis"><em>private</em></span> directory in a file called - <span class="emphasis"><em>passwd.tdb</em></span>. The key benefit of this binary format - file is that it can store binary objects that can not be accomodated - in the traditional plain text smbpasswd file. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam_nua</em></span> like the smbpasswd_nua option above, this - file allows the creation of arbitrary user and machine accounts without - requiring that account to be added to the system (/etc/passwd) file. It - too requires the specification of the "non unix account range" option - in the [globals] section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>ldapsam</em></span> - An LDAP based back-end. Permits the - LDAP server to be specified. eg: ldap://localhost or ldap://frodo.murphy.com - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>ldapsam_nua</em></span> - LDAP based back-end with no unix - account requirement, like smbpasswd_nua and tdbsam_nua above. - </p></li></ul></div><p>Read the chapter about the <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 10. User information database">User Database</a> -for details.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The new tdbsam and ldapsam account backends store vastly more information than -smbpasswd is capable of. The new backend database includes capacity to specify -per user settings for many parameters, over-riding global settings given in the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file. eg: logon drive, logon home, logon path, etc. -</p></div><p> -A Samba PDC, however, stores each machine trust account in two parts, -as follows: - -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A Samba account, stored in the same location as user - LanMan and NT password hashes (currently - <tt>smbpasswd</tt>). The Samba account - possesses and uses only the NT password hash.</p></li><li><p>A corresponding Unix account, typically stored in - <tt>/etc/passwd</tt>. (Future releases will alleviate the need to - create <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entries.) </p></li></ul></div><p> -</p><p> -There are two ways to create machine trust accounts: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> Manual creation. Both the Samba and corresponding - Unix account are created by hand.</p></li><li><p> "On-the-fly" creation. The Samba machine trust - account is automatically created by Samba at the time the client - is joined to the domain. (For security, this is the - recommended method.) The corresponding Unix account may be - created automatically or manually. </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861132"></a>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><p> -The first step in manually creating a machine trust account is to -manually create the corresponding Unix account in -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>. This can be done using -<b>vipw</b> or other 'add user' command that is normally -used to create new Unix accounts. The following is an example for a -Linux based Samba server: -</p><p> - <tt>root# </tt><b>/usr/sbin/useradd -g 100 -d /dev/null -c <i><tt>"machine -nickname"</tt></i> -s /bin/false <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$ </b> -</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b>passwd -l <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$</b> -</p><p>On *BSD systems, this can be done using the 'chpass' utility:</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b>chpass -a "<i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$:*:101:100::0:0:Workstation <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin"</b> -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry will list the machine name -with a "$" appended, won't have a password, will have a null shell and no -home directory. For example a machine named 'doppy' would have an -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -doppy$:x:505:501:<i><tt>machine_nickname</tt></i>:/dev/null:/bin/false -</pre><p> -Above, <i><tt>machine_nickname</tt></i> can be any -descriptive name for the client, i.e., BasementComputer. -<i><tt>machine_name</tt></i> absolutely must be the NetBIOS -name of the client to be joined to the domain. The "$" must be -appended to the NetBIOS name of the client or Samba will not recognize -this as a machine trust account. -</p><p> -Now that the corresponding Unix account has been created, the next step is to create -the Samba account for the client containing the well-known initial -machine trust account password. This can be done using the <a href="smbpasswd.8.html" target="_top"><b>smbpasswd(8)</b></a> command -as shown here: -</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b><tt>smbpasswd -a -m <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i></tt></b> -</p><p> -where <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i> is the machine's NetBIOS -name. The RID of the new machine account is generated from the UID of -the corresponding Unix account. -</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Join the client to the domain immediately</h3><p> - Manually creating a machine trust account using this method is the - equivalent of creating a machine trust account on a Windows NT PDC using - the "Server Manager". From the time at which the account is created - to the time which the client joins the domain and changes the password, - your domain is vulnerable to an intruder joining your domain using - a machine with the same NetBIOS name. A PDC inherently trusts - members of the domain and will serve out a large degree of user - information to such clients. You have been warned! - </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861366"></a>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><p> -The second (and recommended) way of creating machine trust accounts is -simply to allow the Samba server to create them as needed when the client -is joined to the domain. </p><p>Since each Samba machine trust account requires a corresponding -Unix account, a method for automatically creating the -Unix account is usually supplied; this requires configuration of the -<a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDUSERSCRIPT" target="_top">add user script</a> -option in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. This -method is not required, however; corresponding Unix accounts may also -be created manually. -</p><p>Below is an example for a RedHat 6.2 Linux system. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - # <...remainder of parameters...> - add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861423"></a>Joining the Client to the Domain</h3></div></div><p> -The procedure for joining a client to the domain varies with the -version of Windows. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Windows 2000</em></span></p><p> - When the user elects to join the client to a domain, Windows prompts for - an account and password that is privileged to join the domain. A Samba administrative - account (i.e., a Samba account that has root privileges on the Samba server) must be - entered here; the operation will fail if an ordinary user account is given. - The password for this account should be set to a different password than the associated - <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry, for security reasons. - </p><p> - The session key of the Samba administrative account acts as an - encryption key for setting the password of the machine trust - account. The machine trust account will be created on-the-fly, or - updated if it already exists. - </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Windows NT</em></span></p><p> If the machine trust account was created manually, on the - Identification Changes menu enter the domain name, but do not - check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In this case, - the existing machine trust account is used to join the machine to - the domain.</p><p> If the machine trust account is to be created - on-the-fly, on the Identification Changes menu enter the domain - name, and check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In - this case, joining the domain proceeds as above for Windows 2000 - (i.e., you must supply a Samba administrative account when - prompted).</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Samba</em></span></p><p>Joining a samba client to a domain is documented in - the <a href="#domain-member" title="Chapter 8. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member">Domain Member</a> chapter. -</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2861529"></a>Common Problems and Errors</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861536"></a>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</h3></div></div><p> -A 'machine name' in (typically) <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> -of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD -systems?) won't create a user with a '$' in their name. -</p><p> -The problem is only in the program used to make the entry. Once made, it works perfectly. -Create a user without the '$' using <b>vipw</b> to edit the entry, adding -the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if you like, make sure you use a unique User ID! -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861574"></a>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</h3></div></div><p> -This happens if you try to create a machine trust account from the -machine itself and already have a connection (e.g. mapped drive) -to a share (or IPC$) on the Samba PDC. The following command -will remove all network drive connections: -</p><p> -<tt>C:\WINNT\></tt> <b>net use * /d</b> -</p><p> -Further, if the machine is already a 'member of a workgroup' that -is the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will -get this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it -does not matter what, reboot, and try again. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861621"></a>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</h3></div></div><p>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading -to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system -can not log you on (C000019B), Please try again or consult your -system administrator" when attempting to logon. -</p><p> -This occurs when the domain SID stored in the secrets.tdb database -is changed. The most common cause of a change in domain SID is when -the domain name and/or the server name (netbios name) is changed. -The only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain -SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin. The domain -SID may be reset using either the net or rpcclient utilities. -</p><p> -The reset or change the domain SID you can use the net command as follows: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - net getlocalsid 'OLDNAME' - net setlocalsid 'SID' -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861672"></a>The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</h3></div></div><p> -When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account -for this computer either does not exist or is not accessible". What's -wrong? -</p><p> -This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine trust account. -If you are using the <i><tt>add user script</tt></i> method to create -accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain -admin user system is working. -</p><p> -Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they -have not been created correctly. Make sure that you have the entry -correct for the machine trust account in smbpasswd file on the Samba PDC. -If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd -utility, make sure that the account name is the machine NetBIOS name -with a '$' appended to it ( i.e. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry -in both /etc/passwd and the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported -that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT -client have caused this problem. Make sure that these are consistent -for both client and server. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861721"></a>When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</h3></div></div><p> -At first be ensure to enable the useraccounts with <b>smbpasswd -e -%user%</b>, this is normally done, when you create an account. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2861746"></a>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</h2></div></div><p> -A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same thing in terms of network -browsing. The difference is that a distributable authentication -database is associated with a domain, for secure login access to a -network. Also, different access rights can be granted to users if they -successfully authenticate against a domain logon server. Samba-3 does this -now in the same way that MS Windows NT/2K. -</p><p> -The SMB client logging on to a domain has an expectation that every other -server in the domain should accept the same authentication information. -Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is identical and -is explained in this documentation under the browsing discussions. -It should be noted, that browsing is totally orthogonal to logon support. -</p><p> -Issues related to the single-logon network model are discussed in this -section. Samba supports domain logons, network logon scripts, and user -profiles for MS Windows for workgroups and MS Windows 9X/ME clients -which are the focus of this section. -</p><p> -When an SMB client in a domain wishes to logon it broadcast requests for a -logon server. The first one to reply gets the job, and validates its -password using whatever mechanism the Samba administrator has installed. -It is possible (but very stupid) to create a domain where the user -database is not shared between servers, i.e. they are effectively workgroup -servers advertising themselves as participating in a domain. This -demonstrates how authentication is quite different from but closely -involved with domains. -</p><p> -Using these features you can make your clients verify their logon via -the Samba server; make clients run a batch file when they logon to -the network and download their preferences, desktop and start menu. -</p><p> -Before launching into the configuration instructions, it is -worthwhile to look at how a Windows 9x/ME client performs a logon: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - The client broadcasts (to the IP broadcast address of the subnet it is in) - a NetLogon request. This is sent to the NetBIOS name DOMAIN<1c> at the - NetBIOS layer. The client chooses the first response it receives, which - contains the NetBIOS name of the logon server to use in the format of - \\SERVER. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to that server, logs on (does an SMBsessetupX) and - then connects to the IPC$ share (using an SMBtconX). - </p></li><li><p> - The client then does a NetWkstaUserLogon request, which retrieves the name - of the user's logon script. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to the NetLogon share and searches for this - and if it is found and can be read, is retrieved and executed by the client. - After this, the client disconnects from the NetLogon share. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then sends a NetUserGetInfo request to the server, to retrieve - the user's home share, which is used to search for profiles. Since the - response to the NetUserGetInfo request does not contain much more then - the user's home share, profiles for Win9X clients MUST reside in the user - home directory. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to the user's home share and searches for the - user's profile. As it turns out, you can specify the user's home share as - a sharename and path. For example, \\server\fred\.profile. - If the profiles are found, they are implemented. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then disconnects from the user's home share, and reconnects to - the NetLogon share and looks for CONFIG.POL, the policies file. If this is - found, it is read and implemented. - </p></li></ol></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2861910"></a>Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</h3></div></div><p> -The main difference between a PDC and a Windows 9x logon -server configuration is that -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -Password encryption is not required for a Windows 9x logon server. -</p></li><li><p> -Windows 9x/ME clients do not possess machine trust accounts. -</p></li></ul></div><p> -Therefore, a Samba PDC will also act as a Windows 9x logon -server. -</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">security mode and master browsers</h3><p> -There are a few comments to make in order to tie up some -loose ends. There has been much debate over the issue of whether -or not it is ok to configure Samba as a Domain Controller in security -modes other than <tt>USER</tt>. The only security mode -which will not work due to technical reasons is <tt>SHARE</tt> -mode security. <tt>DOMAIN</tt> and <tt>SERVER</tt> -mode security is really just a variation on SMB user level security. -</p><p> -Actually, this issue is also closely tied to the debate on whether -or not Samba must be the domain master browser for its workgroup -when operating as a DC. While it may technically be possible -to configure a server as such (after all, browsing and domain logons -are two distinctly different functions), it is not a good idea to do -so. You should remember that the DC must register the DOMAIN#1b NetBIOS -name. This is the name used by Windows clients to locate the DC. -Windows clients do not distinguish between the DC and the DMB. -For this reason, it is very wise to configure the Samba DC as the DMB. -</p><p> -Now back to the issue of configuring a Samba DC to use a mode other -than "security = user". If a Samba host is configured to use -another SMB server or DC in order to validate user connection -requests, then it is a fact that some other machine on the network -(the "password server") knows more about the user than the Samba host. -99% of the time, this other host is a domain controller. Now -in order to operate in domain mode security, the "workgroup" parameter -must be set to the name of the Windows NT domain (which already -has a domain controller, right?) -</p><p> -Therefore configuring a Samba box as a DC for a domain that -already by definition has a PDC is asking for trouble. -Therefore, you should always configure the Samba DC to be the DMB -for its domain. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-bdc"></a>Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Volker Lendecke</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (26 Apr 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2845056">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2860294">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862166">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862187">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862212">When is the PDC needed?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2862231">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862264">How do I set up a Samba BDC?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862361">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862390">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2845056"></a>Prerequisite Reading</h2></div></div><p> -Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure -that you are comfortable with configuring a Samba PDC -as described in the <a href="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-HOWTO</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2860294"></a>Background</h2></div></div><p> -What is a Domain Controller? It is a machine that is able to answer -logon requests from workstations in a Windows NT Domain. Whenever a -user logs into a Windows NT Workstation, the workstation connects to a -Domain Controller and asks him whether the username and password the -user typed in is correct. The Domain Controller replies with a lot of -information about the user, for example the place where the users -profile is stored, the users full name of the user. All this -information is stored in the NT user database, the so-called SAM. -</p><p> -There are two kinds of Domain Controller in a NT 4 compatible Domain: -A Primary Domain Controller (PDC) and one or more Backup Domain -Controllers (BDC). The PDC contains the master copy of the -SAM. Whenever the SAM has to change, for example when a user changes -his password, this change has to be done on the PDC. A Backup Domain -Controller is a machine that maintains a read-only copy of the -SAM. This way it is able to reply to logon requests and authenticate -users in case the PDC is not available. During this time no changes to -the SAM are possible. Whenever changes to the SAM are done on the PDC, -all BDC receive the changes from the PDC. -</p><p> -Since version 2.2 Samba officially supports domain logons for all -current Windows Clients, including Windows 2000 and XP. This text -assumes the domain to be named SAMBA. To be able to act as a PDC, some -parameters in the [global]-section of the smb.conf have to be set: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = SAMBA - domain master = yes - domain logons = yes -</pre><p> -Several other things like a [homes] and a [netlogon] share also may be -set along with settings for the profile path, the users home drive and -others. This will not be covered in this document. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862166"></a>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</h2></div></div><p> -Every machine that is a Domain Controller for the domain SAMBA has to -register the NetBIOS group name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server and/or -by broadcast on the local network. The PDC also registers the unique -NetBIOS name SAMBA#1b with the WINS server. The name type #1b is -normally reserved for the domain master browser, a role that has -nothing to do with anything related to authentication, but the -Microsoft Domain implementation requires the domain master browser to -be on the same machine as the PDC. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2862187"></a>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</h3></div></div><p> -A NT workstation in the domain SAMBA that wants a local user to be -authenticated has to find the domain controller for SAMBA. It does -this by doing a NetBIOS name query for the group name SAMBA#1c. It -assumes that each of the machines it gets back from the queries is a -domain controller and can answer logon requests. To not open security -holes both the workstation and the selected (TODO: How is the DC -chosen) domain controller authenticate each other. After that the -workstation sends the user's credentials (his name and password) to -the domain controller, asking for approval. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2862212"></a>When is the PDC needed?</h3></div></div><p> -Whenever a user wants to change his password, this has to be done on -the PDC. To find the PDC, the workstation does a NetBIOS name query -for SAMBA#1b, assuming this machine maintains the master copy of the -SAM. The workstation contacts the PDC, both mutually authenticate and -the password change is done. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862231"></a>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</h2></div></div><p> -With version 2.2, no. The native NT SAM replication protocols have -not yet been fully implemented. The Samba Team is working on -understanding and implementing the protocols, but this work has not -been finished for version 2.2. -</p><p> -With version 3.0, the work on both the replication protocols and a -suitable storage mechanism has progressed, and some form of NT4 BDC -support is expected soon. -</p><p> -Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes. The main reason for -implementing a BDC is availability. If the PDC is a Samba machine, -a second Samba machine can be set up to -service logon requests whenever the PDC is down. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862264"></a>How do I set up a Samba BDC?</h2></div></div><p> -Several things have to be done: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -The domain SID has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC. This used to -be stored in the file private/MACHINE.SID. This file is not created -anymore since Samba 2.2.5 or even earlier. Nowadays the domain SID is -stored in the file private/secrets.tdb. Simply copying the secrets.tdb -from the PDC to the BDC does not work, as the BDC would -generate a new SID for itself and override the domain SID with this -new BDC SID.</p><p> -To retrieve the domain SID from the PDC or an existing BDC and store it in the -secrets.tdb, execute 'net rpc getsid' on the BDC. -</p></li><li><p> -The Unix user database has to be synchronized from the PDC to the -BDC. This means that both the /etc/passwd and /etc/group have to be -replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This can be done manually -whenever changes are made, or the PDC is set up as a NIS master -server and the BDC as a NIS slave server. To set up the BDC as a -mere NIS client would not be enough, as the BDC would not be able to -access its user database in case of a PDC failure. -</p></li><li><p> -The Samba password database in the file private/smbpasswd has to be -replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This is a bit tricky, see the -next section. -</p></li><li><p> -Any netlogon share has to be replicated from the PDC to the -BDC. This can be done manually whenever login scripts are changed, -or it can be done automatically together with the smbpasswd -synchronization. -</p></li></ul></div><p> -Finally, the BDC has to be found by the workstations. This can be done -by setting -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = samba - domain master = no - domain logons = yes -</pre><p> -in the [global]-section of the smb.conf of the BDC. This makes the BDC -only register the name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server. This is no -problem as the name SAMBA#1c is a NetBIOS group name that is meant to -be registered by more than one machine. The parameter 'domain master = -no' forces the BDC not to register SAMBA#1b which as a unique NetBIOS -name is reserved for the Primary Domain Controller. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2862361"></a>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</h3></div></div><p> -Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done -whenever changes to the SAM are made. Every user's password change is -done in the smbpasswd file and has to be replicated to the BDC. So -replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary. -</p><p> -As the smbpasswd file contains plain text password equivalents, it -must not be sent unencrypted over the wire. The best way to set up -smbpasswd replication from the PDC to the BDC is to use the utility -rsync. rsync can use ssh as a transport. ssh itself can be set up to -accept *only* rsync transfer without requiring the user to type a -password. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2862390"></a>Can I do this all with LDAP?</h3></div></div><p>The simple answer is YES. Samba's pdb_ldap code supports -binding to a replica LDAP server, and will also follow referrals and -rebind to the master if it ever needs to make a modification to the -database. (Normally BDCs are read only, so this will not occur -often). -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ADS"></a>Chapter 7. Samba as a ADS domain member</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">2002/2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2862021">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862571">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862765">Possible errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2862919">Notes</a></dt></dl></div><p> -This is a rough guide to setting up Samba 3.0 with kerberos authentication against a -Windows2000 KDC. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862021"></a>Setup your <tt>smb.conf</tt></h2></div></div><p>You must use at least the following 3 options in smb.conf:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - realm = YOUR.KERBEROS.REALM - security = ADS - encrypt passwords = yes -</pre><p> -In case samba can't figure out your ads server using your realm name, use the -<b>ads server</b> option in <tt>smb.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - ads server = your.kerberos.server -</pre><p> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>You do *not* need a smbpasswd file, and older clients will - be authenticated as if <b>security = domain</b>, - although it won't do any harm - and allows you to have local users not in the domain. - I expect that the above required options will change soon when we get better - active directory integration.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862571"></a>Setup your <tt>/etc/krb5.conf</tt></h2></div></div><p>Note: you will need the krb5 workstation, devel, and libs installed</p><p>The minimal configuration for <tt>krb5.conf</tt> is:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [realms] - YOUR.KERBEROS.REALM = { - kdc = your.kerberos.server - } -</pre><p>Test your config by doing a <b><tt>kinit -<i><tt>USERNAME</tt></i>@<i><tt>REALM</tt></i></tt></b> and -making sure that your password is accepted by the Win2000 KDC. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>The realm must be uppercase or you will get "Cannot find KDC for requested -realm while getting initial credentials" error </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Time between the two servers must be synchronized. You will get a -"kinit(v5): Clock skew too great while getting initial credentials" if the time -difference is more than five minutes. </p></div><p> -You also must ensure that you can do a reverse DNS lookup on the IP -address of your KDC. Also, the name that this reverse lookup maps to -must either be the netbios name of the KDC (ie. the hostname with no -domain attached) or it can alternatively be the netbios name -followed by the realm. -</p><p> -The easiest way to ensure you get this right is to add a -<tt>/etc/hosts</tt> entry mapping the IP address of your KDC to -its netbios name. If you don't get this right then you will get a -"local error" when you try to join the realm. -</p><p> -If all you want is kerberos support in smbclient then you can skip -straight to <a href="#ads-test-smbclient" title="Testing with smbclient">Test with smbclient</a> now. -<a href="#ads-create-machine-account" title="Create the computer account">Creating a computer account</a> -and <a href="#ads-test-server" title="Test your server setup">testing your servers</a> -is only needed if you want kerberos support for smbd and winbindd. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ads-create-machine-account"></a>Create the computer account</h2></div></div><p> -As a user that has write permission on the Samba private directory -(usually root) run: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - <b><tt>net join -U Administrator%password</tt></b> -</pre><p> -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2862765"></a>Possible errors</h3></div></div><p> -</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">"ADS support not compiled in"</span></dt><dd><p>Samba must be reconfigured (remove config.cache) and recompiled - (make clean all install) after the kerberos libs and headers are installed. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">net join prompts for user name</span></dt><dd><p>You need to login to the domain using <b><tt>kinit - <i><tt>USERNAME</tt></i>@<i><tt>REALM</tt></i></tt></b>. - <i><tt>USERNAME</tt></i> must be a user who has rights to add a machine - to the domain. </p></dd></dl></div><p> -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ads-test-server"></a>Test your server setup</h2></div></div><p> -If the join was successful, you will see a new computer account with the -NetBIOS name of your Samba server in Active Directory (in the "Computers" -folder under Users and Computers. -</p><p> -On a Windows 2000 client try <b><tt>net use * \\server\share</tt></b>. You should -be logged in with kerberos without needing to know a password. If -this fails then run <b><tt>klist tickets</tt></b>. Did you get a ticket for the -server? Does it have an encoding type of DES-CBC-MD5 ? -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="ads-test-smbclient"></a>Testing with smbclient</h2></div></div><p> -On your Samba server try to login to a Win2000 server or your Samba -server using smbclient and kerberos. Use smbclient as usual, but -specify the <i><tt>-k</tt></i> option to choose kerberos authentication. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862919"></a>Notes</h2></div></div><p>You must change administrator password at least once after DC -install, to create the right encoding types</p><p>w2k doesn't seem to create the _kerberos._udp and _ldap._tcp in - their defaults DNS setup. Maybe fixed in service packs?</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="domain-member"></a>Chapter 8. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">16 Apr 2001</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2862413">Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863318">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862413"></a>Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</h2></div></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Assumptions:</em></span> - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - NetBIOS name: SERV1 - Win2K/NT domain name: DOM - Domain's PDC NetBIOS name: DOMPDC - Domain's BDC NetBIOS names: DOMBDC1 and DOMBDC2 - </pre><p> - </p><p>First, you must edit your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file to tell Samba it should - now use domain security.</p><p>Change (or add) your <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITY" target="_top"> - <i><tt>security =</tt></i></a> line in the [global] section - of your <tt>smb.conf</tt> to read:</p><p><b>security = domain</b></p><p>Next change the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP" target="_top"><i><tt> - workgroup =</tt></i></a> line in the [global] section to read: </p><p><b>workgroup = DOM</b></p><p>as this is the name of the domain we are joining. </p><p>You must also have the parameter <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top"> - <i><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i></a> set to <tt>yes - </tt> in order for your users to authenticate to the NT PDC.</p><p>Finally, add (or modify) a <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDSERVER" target="_top"> - <i><tt>password server =</tt></i></a> line in the [global] - section to read: </p><p><b>password server = DOMPDC DOMBDC1 DOMBDC2</b></p><p>These are the primary and backup domain controllers Samba - will attempt to contact in order to authenticate users. Samba will - try to contact each of these servers in order, so you may want to - rearrange this list in order to spread out the authentication load - among domain controllers.</p><p>Alternatively, if you want smbd to automatically determine - the list of Domain controllers to use for authentication, you may - set this line to be :</p><p><b>password server = *</b></p><p>This method, allows Samba to use exactly the same - mechanism that NT does. This - method either broadcasts or uses a WINS database in order to - find domain controllers to authenticate against.</p><p>In order to actually join the domain, you must run this - command:</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>net join -S DOMPDC - -U<i><tt>Administrator%password</tt></i></tt></b></p><p> - If the <b><tt>-S DOMPDC</tt></b> argument is not given then - the domain name will be obtained from smb.conf. - </p><p>as we are joining the domain DOM and the PDC for that domain - (the only machine that has write access to the domain SAM database) - is DOMPDC. The <i><tt>Administrator%password</tt></i> is - the login name and password for an account which has the necessary - privilege to add machines to the domain. If this is successful - you will see the message:</p><p><tt>Joined domain DOM.</tt> - or <tt>Joined 'SERV1' to realm 'MYREALM'</tt> - </p><p>in your terminal window. See the <a href="net.8.html" target="_top"> - net(8)</a> man page for more details.</p><p>This process joins the server to the domain - without having to create the machine trust account on the PDC - beforehand.</p><p>This command goes through the machine account password - change protocol, then writes the new (random) machine account - password for this Samba server into a file in the same directory - in which an smbpasswd file would be stored - normally :</p><p><tt>/usr/local/samba/private/secrets.tdb</tt></p><p>This file is created and owned by root and is not - readable by any other user. It is the key to the domain-level - security for your system, and should be treated as carefully - as a shadow password file.</p><p>Finally, restart your Samba daemons and get ready for - clients to begin using domain security!</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2863318"></a>Why is this better than security = server?</h2></div></div><p>Currently, domain security in Samba doesn't free you from - having to create local Unix users to represent the users attaching - to your server. This means that if domain user <tt>DOM\fred - </tt> attaches to your domain security Samba server, there needs - to be a local Unix user fred to represent that user in the Unix - filesystem. This is very similar to the older Samba security mode - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSSERVER" target="_top">security = server</a>, - where Samba would pass through the authentication request to a Windows - NT server in the same way as a Windows 95 or Windows 98 server would. - </p><p>Please refer to the <a href="winbind.html" target="_top">Winbind - paper</a> for information on a system to automatically - assign UNIX uids and gids to Windows NT Domain users and groups. - </p><p>The advantage to domain-level security is that the - authentication in domain-level security is passed down the authenticated - RPC channel in exactly the same way that an NT server would do it. This - means Samba servers now participate in domain trust relationships in - exactly the same way NT servers do (i.e., you can add Samba servers into - a resource domain and have the authentication passed on from a resource - domain PDC to an account domain PDC).</p><p>In addition, with <b>security = server</b> every Samba - daemon on a server has to keep a connection open to the - authenticating server for as long as that daemon lasts. This can drain - the connection resources on a Microsoft NT server and cause it to run - out of available connections. With <b>security = domain</b>, - however, the Samba daemons connect to the PDC/BDC only for as long - as is necessary to authenticate the user, and then drop the connection, - thus conserving PDC connection resources.</p><p>And finally, acting in the same manner as an NT server - authenticating to a PDC means that as part of the authentication - reply, the Samba server gets the user identification information such - as the user SID, the list of NT groups the user belongs to, etc. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> Much of the text of this document - was first published in the Web magazine <a href="http://www.linuxworld.com" target="_top"> - LinuxWorld</a> as the article <a href="http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1998-10/lw-10-samba.html" target="_top">Doing - the NIS/NT Samba</a>.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="optional"></a>Advanced Configuration</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2859626"></a>Valuable Nuts and Bolts Information</h1></div></div><p> -Samba has several features that you might want or might not want to use. The chapters in this part each cover specific Samba features. -</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>9. <a href="#NetworkBrowsing">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2862996">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863646">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863809">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863936">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864124">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864390">Making samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864538">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864555">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864584">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864695">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2864763">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863586">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865218">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865243">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865274">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865287">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865354">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865470">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865517">Browsing support in samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865624">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865703">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>10. <a href="#passdb">User information database</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866099">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866152">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866314">Advantages of SMB Encryption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866353">Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866388">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866568">Plain text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866597">TDB</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866613">LDAP</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866621">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866721">Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866860">Supported LDAP Servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866898">Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867008">Configuring Samba with LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867304">Accounts and Groups management</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867341">Security and sambaAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867456">LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867737">Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867793">MySQL</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867800">Creating the database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867854">Configuring</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867999">Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868029">Getting non-column data from the table</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868072">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="#unix-permissions">UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865054">Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864937">How to view file security on a Samba share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868280">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868401">Viewing file or directory permissions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868484">File Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868587">Directory Permissions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868637">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868797">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869113">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="#groupmapping">Configuring Group Mapping</a></dt><dt>13. <a href="#printing">Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869498">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869614">Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869661">Creating [print$]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869893">Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869992">Support a large number of printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870099">Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870231">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869233">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869259">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870336">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870355">The Imprints server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870379">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869340">Diagnosis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869347">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870552">Debugging printer problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870619">What printers do I have?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870661">Setting up printcap and print servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870795">Job sent, no output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871344">Job sent, strange output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871420">Raw PostScript printed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871438">Advanced Printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">Real debugging</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="#CUPS-printing">CUPS Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2871008">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871067">Configuring smb.conf for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871607">CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871091">CUPS as a network PostScript RIP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872272">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872314">Setting up CUPS for driver download</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872401">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872566">cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872915">The CUPS Filter Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873302">CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873339">Further printing steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873758">Limiting the number of pages users can print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874367">Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874473">Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="#winbind">Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874714">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874743">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874814">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872135">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872170">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875280">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875352">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875387">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875414">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875442">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875518">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875611">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877210">Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877264">Conclusion</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="#AdvancedNetworkManagement">Advanced Network Manangement</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875143">Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874905">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874974">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875057">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877889">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="#PolicyMgmt">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877672">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877925">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878014">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878140">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878344">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878457">With Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878478">With a Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878502">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="#ProfileMgmt">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877599">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877483">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879080">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879695">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879742">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879925">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879970">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880011">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880040">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880129">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880513">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="#InterdomainTrusts">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878684">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881006">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881019">NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881063">NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881087">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881114">Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881210">Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="#pam">PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880956">Samba and PAM</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881738">PAM Configuration in smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881795">Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882047">Distributed Authentication</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="#VFS">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881331">Introduction and configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882249">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882256">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882295">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882416">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882554">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882592">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882614">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882669">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="#msdfs">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882214">Instructions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882961">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="#integrate-ms-networks">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882745">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883178">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883316">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883360">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883403">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883498">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883030">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883069">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883112">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883144">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883156">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="#securing-samba">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883603">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883619">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884070">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884122">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884164">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883724">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883760">Upgrading Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="#unicode">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884358">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884428">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884517">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884562">Japanese charsets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="#locking">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884210">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884872">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884987">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885212">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885239">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885320">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885350">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NetworkBrowsing"></a>Chapter 9. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">July 5, 1998</p></div><div><p class="pubdate">Updated: April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2862996">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863646">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2863809">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863936">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864124">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="#browse-force-master">Forcing samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864390">Making samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864538">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864555">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864584">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864695">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2864763">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2863586">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865218">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865243">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865274">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865287">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865354">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2865470">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2865517">Browsing support in samba</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865624">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2865703">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -This document contains detailed information as well as a fast track guide to -implementing browsing across subnets and / or across workgroups (or domains). -WINS is the best tool for resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addesses. WINS is -NOT involved in browse list handling except by way of name to address resolution. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -MS Windows 2000 and later can be configured to operate with NO NetBIOS -over TCP/IP. Samba-3 and later also supports this mode of operation. -When the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP has been disabled then the primary -means for resolution of MS Windows machine names is via DNS and Active Directory. -The following information assumes that your site is running NetBIOS over TCP/IP. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2862996"></a>What is Browsing?</h2></div></div><p> -To most people browsing means that they can see the MS Windows and Samba servers -in the Network Neighborhood, and when the computer icon for a particular server is -clicked, it opens up and shows the shares and printers available on the target server. -</p><p> -What seems so simple is in fact a very complex interaction of different technologies. -The technologies (or methods) employed in making all of this work includes: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>MS Windows machines register their presence to the network</td></tr><tr><td>Machines announce themselves to other machines on the network</td></tr><tr><td>One or more machine on the network collates the local announcements</td></tr><tr><td>The client machine finds the machine that has the collated list of machines</td></tr><tr><td>The client machine is able to resolve the machine names to IP addresses</td></tr><tr><td>The client machine is able to connect to a target machine</td></tr></table><p> -The samba application that controls/manages browse list management and name resolution is -called <tt>nmbd</tt>. The configuration parameters involved in nmbd's operation are: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Browsing options: - ----------------- - * os level - lm announce - lm interval - * preferred master - * local master - * domain master - browse list - enhanced browsing - - Name Resolution Method: - ----------------------- - * name resolve order - - WINS options: - ------------- - dns proxy - wins proxy - * wins server - * wins support - wins hook -</pre><p> -WINS Server and WINS Support are mutually exclusive options. Those marked with an '*' are -the only options that commonly MAY need to be modified. Even if not one of these parameters -is set nmbd will still do it's job. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2863646"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><p> -Firstly, all MS Windows networking is based on SMB (Server Message -Block) based messaging. SMB messaging may be implemented using NetBIOS or -without NetBIOS. Samba implements NetBIOS by encapsulating it over TCP/IP. -MS Windows products can do likewise. NetBIOS based networking uses broadcast -messaging to affect browse list management. When running NetBIOS over -TCP/IP this uses UDP based messaging. UDP messages can be broadcast or unicast. -</p><p> -Normally, only unicast UDP messaging can be forwarded by routers. The -<b>remote announce</b> -parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements -to remote network segments via unicast UDP. Similarly, the -<b>remote browse sync</b> parameter of <tt>smb.conf</tt> -implements browse list collation using unicast UDP. -</p><p> -Secondly, in those networks where Samba is the only SMB server technology -wherever possible <tt>nmbd</tt> should be configured on one (1) machine as the WINS -server. This makes it easy to manage the browsing environment. If each network -segment is configured with it's own Samba WINS server, then the only way to -get cross segment browsing to work is by using the -<b>remote announce</b> and the <b>remote browse sync</b> -parameters to your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -</p><p> -If only one WINS server is used for an entire multi-segment network then -the use of the <b>remote announce</b> and the -<b>remote browse sync</b> parameters should NOT be necessary. -</p><p> -As of Samba 3 WINS replication is being worked on. The bulk of the code has -been committed, but it still needs maturation. -</p><p> -Right now samba WINS does not support MS-WINS replication. This means that -when setting up Samba as a WINS server there must only be one <tt>nmbd</tt> configured -as a WINS server on the network. Some sites have used multiple Samba WINS -servers for redundancy (one server per subnet) and then used -<b>remote browse sync</b> and <b>remote announce</b> -to affect browse list collation across all -segments. Note that this means clients will only resolve local names, -and must be configured to use DNS to resolve names on other subnets in -order to resolve the IP addresses of the servers they can see on other -subnets. This setup is not recommended, but is mentioned as a practical -consideration (ie: an 'if all else fails' scenario). -</p><p> -Lastly, take note that browse lists are a collection of unreliable broadcast -messages that are repeated at intervals of not more than 15 minutes. This means -that it will take time to establish a browse list and it can take up to 45 -minutes to stabilise, particularly across network segments. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2863809"></a>How Browsing Functions</h2></div></div><p> -As stated above, MS Windows machines register their NetBIOS names -(ie: the machine name for each service type in operation) on start -up. Also, as stated above, the exact method by which this name registration -takes place is determined by whether or not the MS Windows client/server -has been given a WINS server address, whether or not LMHOSTS lookup -is enabled, or if DNS for NetBIOS name resolution is enabled, etc. -</p><p> -In the case where there is no WINS server all name registrations as -well as name lookups are done by UDP broadcast. This isolates name -resolution to the local subnet, unless LMHOSTS is used to list all -names and IP addresses. In such situations Samba provides a means by -which the samba server name may be forcibly injected into the browse -list of a remote MS Windows network (using the -<b>remote announce</b> parameter). -</p><p> -Where a WINS server is used, the MS Windows client will use UDP -unicast to register with the WINS server. Such packets can be routed -and thus WINS allows name resolution to function across routed networks. -</p><p> -During the startup process an election will take place to create a -local master browser if one does not already exist. On each NetBIOS network -one machine will be elected to function as the domain master browser. This -domain browsing has nothing to do with MS security domain control. -Instead, the domain master browser serves the role of contacting each local -master browser (found by asking WINS or from LMHOSTS) and exchanging browse -list contents. This way every master browser will eventually obtain a complete -list of all machines that are on the network. Every 11-15 minutes an election -is held to determine which machine will be the master browser. By the nature of -the election criteria used, the machine with the highest uptime, or the -most senior protocol version, or other criteria, will win the election -as domain master browser. -</p><p> -Clients wishing to browse the network make use of this list, but also depend -on the availability of correct name resolution to the respective IP -address/addresses. -</p><p> -Any configuration that breaks name resolution and/or browsing intrinsics -will annoy users because they will have to put up with protracted -inability to use the network services. -</p><p> -Samba supports a feature that allows forced synchonisation -of browse lists across routed networks using the <b>remote -browse sync</b> parameter in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -This causes Samba to contact the local master browser on a remote network and -to request browse list synchronisation. This effectively bridges -two networks that are separated by routers. The two remote -networks may use either broadcast based name resolution or WINS -based name resolution, but it should be noted that the <b>remote -browse sync</b> parameter provides browse list synchronisation - and -that is distinct from name to address resolution, in other -words, for cross subnet browsing to function correctly it is -essential that a name to address resolution mechanism be provided. -This mechanism could be via DNS, <tt>/etc/hosts</tt>, -and so on. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2863936"></a>Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</h3></div></div><p> -To set up cross subnet browsing on a network containing machines -in up to be in a WORKGROUP, not an NT Domain you need to set up one -Samba server to be the Domain Master Browser (note that this is *NOT* -the same as a Primary Domain Controller, although in an NT Domain the -same machine plays both roles). The role of a Domain master browser is -to collate the browse lists from local master browsers on all the -subnets that have a machine participating in the workgroup. Without -one machine configured as a domain master browser each subnet would -be an isolated workgroup, unable to see any machines on any other -subnet. It is the presense of a domain master browser that makes -cross subnet browsing possible for a workgroup. -</p><p> -In an WORKGROUP environment the domain master browser must be a -Samba server, and there must only be one domain master browser per -workgroup name. To set up a Samba server as a domain master browser, -set the following option in the [global] section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = yes -</pre><p> -</p><p> -The domain master browser should also preferrably be the local master -browser for its own subnet. In order to achieve this set the following -options in the [global] section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = yes - local master = yes - preferred master = yes - os level = 65 -</pre><p> -</p><p> -The domain master browser may be the same machine as the WINS -server, if you require. -</p><p> -Next, you should ensure that each of the subnets contains a -machine that can act as a local master browser for the -workgroup. Any MS Windows NT/2K/XP/2003 machine should be -able to do this, as will Windows 9x machines (although these -tend to get rebooted more often, so it's not such a good idea -to use these). To make a Samba server a local master browser -set the following options in the [global] section of the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = no - local master = yes - preferred master = yes - os level = 65 -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Do not do this for more than one Samba server on each subnet, -or they will war with each other over which is to be the local -master browser. -</p><p> -The <b>local master</b> parameter allows Samba to act as a -local master browser. The <b>preferred master</b> causes nmbd -to force a browser election on startup and the <b>os level</b> -parameter sets Samba high enough so that it should win any browser elections. -</p><p> -If you have an NT machine on the subnet that you wish to -be the local master browser then you can disable Samba from -becoming a local master browser by setting the following -options in the <b>[global]</b> section of the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = no - local master = no - preferred master = no - os level = 0 -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864124"></a>Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</h3></div></div><p> -If you are adding Samba servers to a Windows NT Domain then -you must not set up a Samba server as a domain master browser. -By default, a Windows NT Primary Domain Controller for a Domain -name is also the Domain master browser for that name, and many -things will break if a Samba server registers the Domain master -browser NetBIOS name (<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i><1B>) -with WINS instead of the PDC. -</p><p> -For subnets other than the one containing the Windows NT PDC -you may set up Samba servers as local master browsers as -described. To make a Samba server a local master browser set -the following options in the <b>[global]</b> section -of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = no - local master = yes - preferred master = yes - os level = 65 -</pre><p> -</p><p> -If you wish to have a Samba server fight the election with machines -on the same subnet you may set the <b>os level</b> parameter -to lower levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that -will become local master browsers if they are running. For -more details on this see the section <a href="#browse-force-master" title="Forcing samba to be the master"> -Forcing samba to be the master browser</a> -below. -</p><p> -If you have Windows NT machines that are members of the domain -on all subnets, and you are sure they will always be running then -you can disable Samba from taking part in browser elections and -ever becoming a local master browser by setting following options -in the <b>[global]</b> section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> -file : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domain master = no - local master = no - preferred master = no - os level = 0 -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="browse-force-master"></a>Forcing samba to be the master</h3></div></div><p> -Who becomes the <b>master browser</b> is determined by an election -process using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters -which determine what precedence (bias) a host should have in the -election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses -elections to just about anyone else. -</p><p> -If you want Samba to win elections then just set the <b>os level</b> global -option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34 -would make it win all elections over every other system (except other -samba systems!) -</p><p> -A <b>os level</b> of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not MS Windows -NT/2K Server. A MS Windows NT/2K Server domain controller uses level 32. -</p><p>The maximum os level is 255</p><p> -If you want samba to force an election on startup, then set the -<b>preferred master</b> global option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to "yes". Samba will -then have a slight advantage over other potential master browsers -that are not preferred master browsers. Use this parameter with -care, as if you have two hosts (whether they are windows 95 or NT or -samba) on the same local subnet both set with <b>preferred master</b> to -"yes", then periodically and continually they will force an election -in order to become the local master browser. -</p><p> -If you want samba to be a <b>domain master browser</b>, then it is -recommended that you also set <b>preferred master</b> to "yes", because -samba will not become a domain master browser for the whole of your -LAN or WAN if it is not also a local master browser on its own -broadcast isolated subnet. -</p><p> -It is possible to configure two samba servers to attempt to become -the domain master browser for a domain. The first server that comes -up will be the domain master browser. All other samba servers will -attempt to become the domain master browser every 5 minutes. They -will find that another samba server is already the domain master -browser and will fail. This provides automatic redundancy, should -the current domain master browser fail. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864390"></a>Making samba the domain master</h3></div></div><p> -The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of -multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can -make samba act as the domain master by setting <b>domain master = yes</b> -in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. By default it will not be a domain master. -</p><p> -Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a -workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain. -</p><p> -When samba is the domain master and the master browser it will listen -for master announcements (made roughly every twelve minutes) from local -master browsers on other subnets and then contact them to synchronise -browse lists. -</p><p> -If you want samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set -the <b>os level</b> high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set -<b>preferred master</b> to "yes", to get samba to force an election on -startup. -</p><p> -Note that all your servers (including samba) and clients should be -using a WINS server to resolve NetBIOS names. If your clients are only -using broadcasting to resolve NetBIOS names, then two things will occur: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - your local master browsers will be unable to find a domain master - browser, as it will only be looking on the local subnet. - </p></li><li><p> - if a client happens to get hold of a domain-wide browse list, and - a user attempts to access a host in that list, it will be unable to - resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. - </p></li></ol></div><p> -If, however, both samba and your clients are using a WINS server, then: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - your local master browsers will contact the WINS server and, as long as - samba has registered that it is a domain master browser with the WINS - server, your local master browser will receive samba's ip address - as its domain master browser. - </p></li><li><p> - when a client receives a domain-wide browse list, and a user attempts - to access a host in that list, it will contact the WINS server to - resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. as long as that host has - registered its NetBIOS name with the same WINS server, the user will - be able to see that host. - </p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864538"></a>Note about broadcast addresses</h3></div></div><p> -If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it -ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups -does not seem to support a 0's broadcast and you will probably find -that browsing and name lookups won't work. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864555"></a>Multiple interfaces</h3></div></div><p> -Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you -have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the <b>interfaces</b> -option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to configure them. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864584"></a>Use of the <b>Remote Announce</b> parameter</h3></div></div><p> -The <b>remote announce</b> parameter of -<tt>smb.conf</tt> can be used to forcibly ensure -that all the NetBIOS names on a network get announced to a remote network. -The syntax of the <b>remote announce</b> parameter is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - remote announce = a.b.c.d [e.f.g.h] ... -</pre><p> -_or_ -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - remote announce = a.b.c.d/WORKGROUP [e.f.g.h/WORKGROUP] ... -</pre><p> - -where: -</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><i><tt>a.b.c.d</tt></i> and -<i><tt>e.f.g.h</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>is either the LMB (Local Master Browser) IP address -or the broadcst address of the remote network. -ie: the LMB is at 192.168.1.10, or the address -could be given as 192.168.1.255 where the netmask -is assumed to be 24 bits (255.255.255.0). -When the remote announcement is made to the broadcast -address of the remote network every host will receive -our announcements. This is noisy and therefore -undesirable but may be necessary if we do NOT know -the IP address of the remote LMB.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><i><tt>WORKGROUP</tt></i></span></dt><dd><p>is optional and can be either our own workgroup -or that of the remote network. If you use the -workgroup name of the remote network then our -NetBIOS machine names will end up looking like -they belong to that workgroup, this may cause -name resolution problems and should be avoided. -</p></dd></dl></div><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2864695"></a>Use of the <b>Remote Browse Sync</b> parameter</h3></div></div><p> -The <b>remote browse sync</b> parameter of -<tt>smb.conf</tt> is used to announce to -another LMB that it must synchronise it's NetBIOS name list with our -Samba LMB. It works ONLY if the Samba server that has this option is -simultaneously the LMB on it's network segment. -</p><p> -The syntax of the <b>remote browse sync</b> parameter is: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -remote browse sync = <i><tt>a.b.c.d</tt></i> -</pre><p> - -where <i><tt>a.b.c.d</tt></i> is either the IP address of the -remote LMB or else is the network broadcast address of the remote segment. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2864763"></a>WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</h2></div></div><p> -Use of WINS (either Samba WINS _or_ MS Windows NT Server WINS) is highly -recommended. Every NetBIOS machine registers it's name together with a -name_type value for each of of several types of service it has available. -eg: It registers it's name directly as a unique (the type 0x03) name. -It also registers it's name if it is running the lanmanager compatible -server service (used to make shares and printers available to other users) -by registering the server (the type 0x20) name. -</p><p> -All NetBIOS names are up to 15 characters in length. The name_type variable -is added to the end of the name - thus creating a 16 character name. Any -name that is shorter than 15 characters is padded with spaces to the 15th -character. ie: All NetBIOS names are 16 characters long (including the -name_type information). -</p><p> -WINS can store these 16 character names as they get registered. A client -that wants to log onto the network can ask the WINS server for a list -of all names that have registered the NetLogon service name_type. This saves -broadcast traffic and greatly expedites logon processing. Since broadcast -name resolution can not be used across network segments this type of -information can only be provided via WINS _or_ via statically configured -<tt>lmhosts</tt> files that must reside on all clients in the -absence of WINS. -</p><p> -WINS also serves the purpose of forcing browse list synchronisation by all -LMB's. LMB's must synchronise their browse list with the DMB (domain master -browser) and WINS helps the LMB to identify it's DMB. By definition this -will work only within a single workgroup. Note that the domain master browser -has NOTHING to do with what is referred to as an MS Windows NT Domain. The -later is a reference to a security environment while the DMB refers to the -master controller for browse list information only. -</p><p> -Use of WINS will work correctly only if EVERY client TCP/IP protocol stack -has been configured to use the WINS server/s. Any client that has not been -configured to use the WINS server will continue to use only broadcast based -name registration so that WINS may NEVER get to know about it. In any case, -machines that have not registered with a WINS server will fail name to address -lookup attempts by other clients and will therefore cause workstation access -errors. -</p><p> -To configure Samba as a WINS server just add -<b>wins support = yes</b> to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> -file [globals] section. -</p><p> -To configure Samba to register with a WINS server just add -"wins server = a.b.c.d" to your smb.conf file [globals] section. -</p><div class="important" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Important</h3><p> -Never use both <b>wins support = yes</b> together -with <b>wins server = a.b.c.d</b> -particularly not using it's own IP address. -Specifying both will cause nmbd to refuse to start! -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2863586"></a>Setting up a WINS server</h3></div></div><p> -Either a Samba machine or a Windows NT Server machine may be set up -as a WINS server. To set a Samba machine to be a WINS server you must -add the following option to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file on the selected machine : -in the [globals] section add the line -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins support = yes -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Versions of Samba prior to 1.9.17 had this parameter default to -yes. If you have any older versions of Samba on your network it is -strongly suggested you upgrade to a recent version, or at the very -least set the parameter to 'no' on all these machines. -</p><p> -Machines with <b>wins support = yes</b> will keep a list of -all NetBIOS names registered with them, acting as a DNS for NetBIOS names. -</p><p> -You should set up only ONE wins server. Do NOT set the -<b>wins support = yes</b> option on more than one Samba -server. -</p><p> -To set up a Windows NT Server as a WINS server you need to set up -the WINS service - see your NT documentation for details. Note that -Windows NT WINS Servers can replicate to each other, allowing more -than one to be set up in a complex subnet environment. As Microsoft -refuse to document these replication protocols Samba cannot currently -participate in these replications. It is possible in the future that -a Samba->Samba WINS replication protocol may be defined, in which -case more than one Samba machine could be set up as a WINS server -but currently only one Samba server should have the -<b>wins support = yes</b> parameter set. -</p><p> -After the WINS server has been configured you must ensure that all -machines participating on the network are configured with the address -of this WINS server. If your WINS server is a Samba machine, fill in -the Samba machine IP address in the "Primary WINS Server" field of -the "Control Panel->Network->Protocols->TCP->WINS Server" dialogs -in Windows 95 or Windows NT. To tell a Samba server the IP address -of the WINS server add the following line to the [global] section of -all <tt>smb.conf</tt> files : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins server = <name or IP address> -</pre><p> -</p><p> -where <name or IP address> is either the DNS name of the WINS server -machine or its IP address. -</p><p> -Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file of the Samba -server acting as the WINS server itself. If you set both the -<b>wins support = yes</b> option and the -<b>wins server = <name></b> option then -nmbd will fail to start. -</p><p> -There are two possible scenarios for setting up cross subnet browsing. -The first details setting up cross subnet browsing on a network containing -Windows 95, Samba and Windows NT machines that are not configured as -part of a Windows NT Domain. The second details setting up cross subnet -browsing on networks that contain NT Domains. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865218"></a>WINS Replication</h3></div></div><p> -Samba-3 permits WINS replication through the use of the <tt>wrepld</tt> utility. -This tool is not currently capable of being used as it is still in active development. -As soon as this tool becomes moderately functional we will prepare man pages and enhance this -section of the documentation to provide usage and technical details. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865243"></a>Static WINS Entries</h3></div></div><p> -New to Samba-3 is a tool called <tt>winsedit</tt> that may be used to add -static WINS entries to the WINS database. This tool can be used also to modify entries -existing in the WINS database. -</p><p> -The development of the winsedit tool was made necessary due to the migration -of the older style wins.dat file into a new tdb binary backend data store. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2865274"></a>Helpful Hints</h2></div></div><p> -The following hints should be carefully considered as they are stumbling points -for many new network administrators. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865287"></a>Windows Networking Protocols</h3></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> -Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines -</p></div><p> -A very common cause of browsing problems results from installing more than -one protocol on an MS Windows machine. -</p><p> -Every NetBIOS machine takes part in a process of electing the LMB (and DMB) -every 15 minutes. A set of election criteria is used to determine the order -of precidence for winning this election process. A machine running Samba or -Windows NT will be biased so that the most suitable machine will predictably -win and thus retain it's role. -</p><p> -The election process is "fought out" so to speak over every NetBIOS network -interface. In the case of a Windows 9x machine that has both TCP/IP and IPX -installed and has NetBIOS enabled over both protocols the election will be -decided over both protocols. As often happens, if the Windows 9x machine is -the only one with both protocols then the LMB may be won on the NetBIOS -interface over the IPX protocol. Samba will then lose the LMB role as Windows -9x will insist it knows who the LMB is. Samba will then cease to function -as an LMB and thus browse list operation on all TCP/IP only machines will -fail. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -Windows 95, 98, 98se, Me are referred to generically as Windows 9x. -The Windows NT4, 2000, XP and 2003 use common protocols. These are roughly -referred to as the WinNT family, but it should be recognised that 2000 and -XP/2003 introduce new protocol extensions that cause them to behave -differently from MS Windows NT4. Generally, where a server does NOT support -the newer or extended protocol, these will fall back to the NT4 protocols. -</em></span></p><p> -The safest rule of all to follow it this - USE ONLY ONE PROTOCOL! -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865354"></a>Name Resolution Order</h3></div></div><p> -Resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addresses can take place using a number -of methods. The only ones that can provide NetBIOS name_type information -are:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>WINS: the best tool!</td></tr><tr><td>LMHOSTS: is static and hard to maintain.</td></tr><tr><td>Broadcast: uses UDP and can not resolve names across remote segments.</td></tr></table><p> -Alternative means of name resolution includes:</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>/etc/hosts: is static, hard to maintain, and lacks name_type info</td></tr><tr><td>DNS: is a good choice but lacks essential name_type info.</td></tr></table><p> -Many sites want to restrict DNS lookups and want to avoid broadcast name -resolution traffic. The "name resolve order" parameter is of great help here. -The syntax of the "name resolve order" parameter is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast host -</pre><p> -_or_ -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -name resolve order = wins lmhosts (eliminates bcast and host) -</pre><p> -The default is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -name resolve order = host lmhost wins bcast -</pre><p> -where "host" refers the the native methods used by the Unix system -to implement the gethostbyname() function call. This is normally -controlled by <tt>/etc/host.conf</tt>, <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> and <tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt>. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2865470"></a>Technical Overview of browsing</h2></div></div><p> -SMB networking provides a mechanism by which clients can access a list -of machines in a network, a so-called <b>browse list</b>. This list -contains machines that are ready to offer file and/or print services -to other machines within the network. Thus it does not include -machines which aren't currently able to do server tasks. The browse -list is heavily used by all SMB clients. Configuration of SMB -browsing has been problematic for some Samba users, hence this -document. -</p><p> -MS Windows 2000 and later, as with Samba 3 and later, can be -configured to not use NetBIOS over TCP/IP. When configured this way -it is imperative that name resolution (using DNS/LDAP/ADS) be correctly -configured and operative. Browsing will NOT work if name resolution -from SMB machine names to IP addresses does not function correctly. -</p><p> -Where NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled use of a WINS server is highly -recommended to aid the resolution of NetBIOS (SMB) names to IP addresses. -WINS allows remote segment clients to obtain NetBIOS name_type information -that can NOT be provided by any other means of name resolution. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865517"></a>Browsing support in samba</h3></div></div><p> -Samba facilitates browsing. The browsing is supported by nmbd -and is also controlled by options in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability -to support domain logons and scripts is now available. -</p><p> -Samba can also act as a domain master browser for a workgroup. This -means that it will collate lists from local browse masters into a -wide area network server list. In order for browse clients to -resolve the names they may find in this list, it is recommended that -both samba and your clients use a WINS server. -</p><p> -Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a -workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain: on each wide area -network, you must only ever have one domain master browser per workgroup, -regardless of whether it is NT, Samba or any other type of domain master -that is providing this service. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Nmbd can be configured as a WINS server, but it is not -necessary to specifically use samba as your WINS server. MS Windows -NT4, Server or Advanced Server 2000 or 2003 can be configured as -your WINS server. In a mixed NT/2000/2003 server and samba environment on -a Wide Area Network, it is recommended that you use the Microsoft -WINS server capabilities. In a samba-only environment, it is -recommended that you use one and only one Samba server as your WINS server. -</p></div><p> -To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need -to use the <b>workgroup</b> option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> -to control what workgroup Samba becomes a part of. -</p><p> -Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for -browsing on another subnet. It is recommended that this option is only -used for 'unusual' purposes: announcements over the internet, for -example. See <b>remote announce</b> in the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> man page. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865624"></a>Problem resolution</h3></div></div><p> -If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmb file will help -you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for finding -problems. Also note that the current browse list usually gets stored -in text form in a file called <tt>browse.dat</tt>. -</p><p> -Note that if it doesn't work for you, then you should still be able to -type the server name as <tt>\\SERVER</tt> in filemanager then -hit enter and filemanager should display the list of available shares. -</p><p> -Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global -<b>guest account</b> set to a valid account. Remember that the -IPC$ connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must -have a valid guest account. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -MS Windows 2000 and upwards (as with Samba) can be configured to disallow -anonymous (ie: Guest account) access to the IPC$ share. In that case, the -MS Windows 2000/XP/2003 machine acting as an SMB/CIFS client will use the -name of the currently logged in user to query the IPC$ share. MS Windows -9X clients are not able to do this and thus will NOT be able to browse -server resources. -</em></span></p><p> -The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address, -netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the "interfaces" option -in <tt>smb.conf</tt>) -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2865703"></a>Browsing across subnets</h3></div></div><p> -Since the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1) Samba has been -updated to enable it to support the replication of browse lists -across subnet boundaries. New code and options have been added to -achieve this. This section describes how to set this feature up -in different settings. -</p><p> -To see browse lists that span TCP/IP subnets (ie. networks separated -by routers that don't pass broadcast traffic) you must set up at least -one WINS server. The WINS server acts as a DNS for NetBIOS names, allowing -NetBIOS name to IP address translation to be done by doing a direct -query of the WINS server. This is done via a directed UDP packet on -port 137 to the WINS server machine. The reason for a WINS server is -that by default, all NetBIOS name to IP address translation is done -by broadcasts from the querying machine. This means that machines -on one subnet will not be able to resolve the names of machines on -another subnet without using a WINS server. -</p><p> -Remember, for browsing across subnets to work correctly, all machines, -be they Windows 95, Windows NT, or Samba servers must have the IP address -of a WINS server given to them by a DHCP server, or by manual configuration -(for Win95 and WinNT, this is in the TCP/IP Properties, under Network -settings) for Samba this is in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2865754"></a>How does cross subnet browsing work ?</h4></div></div><p> -Cross subnet browsing is a complicated dance, containing multiple -moving parts. It has taken Microsoft several years to get the code -that achieves this correct, and Samba lags behind in some areas. -Samba is capable of cross subnet browsing when configured correctly. -</p><p> -Consider a network set up as follows : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - (DMB) - N1_A N1_B N1_C N1_D N1_E - | | | | | - ------------------------------------------------------- - | subnet 1 | - +---+ +---+ - |R1 | Router 1 Router 2 |R2 | - +---+ +---+ - | | - | subnet 2 subnet 3 | - -------------------------- ------------------------------------ - | | | | | | | | - N2_A N2_B N2_C N2_D N3_A N3_B N3_C N3_D - (WINS) -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Consisting of 3 subnets (1, 2, 3) connected by two routers -(R1, R2) - these do not pass broadcasts. Subnet 1 has 5 machines -on it, subnet 2 has 4 machines, subnet 3 has 4 machines. Assume -for the moment that all these machines are configured to be in the -same workgroup (for simplicities sake). Machine N1_C on subnet 1 -is configured as Domain Master Browser (ie. it will collate the -browse lists for the workgroup). Machine N2_D is configured as -WINS server and all the other machines are configured to register -their NetBIOS names with it. -</p><p> -As all these machines are booted up, elections for master browsers -will take place on each of the three subnets. Assume that machine -N1_C wins on subnet 1, N2_B wins on subnet 2, and N3_D wins on -subnet 3 - these machines are known as local master browsers for -their particular subnet. N1_C has an advantage in winning as the -local master browser on subnet 1 as it is set up as Domain Master -Browser. -</p><p> -On each of the three networks, machines that are configured to -offer sharing services will broadcast that they are offering -these services. The local master browser on each subnet will -receive these broadcasts and keep a record of the fact that -the machine is offering a service. This list of records is -the basis of the browse list. For this case, assume that -all the machines are configured to offer services so all machines -will be on the browse list. -</p><p> -For each network, the local master browser on that network is -considered 'authoritative' for all the names it receives via -local broadcast. This is because a machine seen by the local -master browser via a local broadcast must be on the same -network as the local master browser and thus is a 'trusted' -and 'verifiable' resource. Machines on other networks that -the local master browsers learn about when collating their -browse lists have not been directly seen - these records are -called 'non-authoritative'. -</p><p> -At this point the browse lists look as follows (these are -the machines you would see in your network neighborhood if -you looked in it on a particular network right now). -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Note that at this point all the subnets are separate, no -machine is seen across any of the subnets. -</p><p> -Now examine subnet 2. As soon as N2_B has become the local -master browser it looks for a Domain master browser to synchronize -its browse list with. It does this by querying the WINS server -(N2_D) for the IP address associated with the NetBIOS name -WORKGROUP<1B>. This name was registerd by the Domain master -browser (N1_C) with the WINS server as soon as it was booted. -</p><p> -Once N2_B knows the address of the Domain master browser it -tells it that is the local master browser for subnet 2 by -sending a MasterAnnouncement packet as a UDP port 138 packet. -It then synchronizes with it by doing a NetServerEnum2 call. This -tells the Domain Master Browser to send it all the server -names it knows about. Once the domain master browser receives -the MasterAnnouncement packet it schedules a synchronization -request to the sender of that packet. After both synchronizations -are done the browse lists look like : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. -</pre><p> -</p><p> -At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on -subnets 1 or 2 will see all the servers on both, users on -subnet 3 will still only see the servers on their own subnet. -</p><p> -The same sequence of events that occured for N2_B now occurs -for the local master browser on subnet 3 (N3_D). When it -synchronizes browse lists with the domain master browser (N1_A) -it gets both the server entries on subnet 1, and those on -subnet 2. After N3_D has synchronized with N1_C and vica-versa -the browse lists look like. -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. -</pre><p> -</p><p> -At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on -subnets 1 or 3 will see all the servers on all sunbets, users on -subnet 2 will still only see the servers on subnets 1 and 2, but not 3. -</p><p> -Finally, the local master browser for subnet 2 (N2_B) will sync again -with the domain master browser (N1_C) and will recieve the missing -server entries. Finally - and as a steady state (if no machines -are removed or shut off) the browse lists will look like : -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Synchronizations between the domain master browser and local -master browsers will continue to occur, but this should be a -steady state situation. -</p><p> -If either router R1 or R2 fails the following will occur: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Names of computers on each side of the inaccessible network fragments - will be maintained for as long as 36 minutes, in the network neighbourhood - lists. - </p></li><li><p> - Attempts to connect to these inaccessible computers will fail, but the - names will not be removed from the network neighbourhood lists. - </p></li><li><p> - If one of the fragments is cut off from the WINS server, it will only - be able to access servers on its local subnet, by using subnet-isolated - broadcast NetBIOS name resolution. The effects are similar to that of - losing access to a DNS server. - </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="passdb"></a>Chapter 10. User information database</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Olivier (lem) Lemaire</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IDEALX<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:olem@IDEALX.org">olem@IDEALX.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">February 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2866099">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866152">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866314">Advantages of SMB Encryption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866353">Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2866388">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866568">Plain text</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866597">TDB</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866613">LDAP</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2866621">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866721">Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866860">Supported LDAP Servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2866898">Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867008">Configuring Samba with LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867304">Accounts and Groups management</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867341">Security and sambaAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867456">LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867737">Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2867793">MySQL</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2867800">Creating the database</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867854">Configuring</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2867999">Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868029">Getting non-column data from the table</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868072">XML</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866099"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>Old windows clients send plain text passwords over the wire. - Samba can check these passwords by crypting them and comparing them - to the hash stored in the unix user database. - </p><p> - Newer windows clients send encrypted passwords (so-called - Lanman and NT hashes) over - the wire, instead of plain text passwords. The newest clients - will only send encrypted passwords and refuse to send plain text - passwords, unless their registry is tweaked. - </p><p>These passwords can't be converted to unix style encrypted - passwords. Because of that you can't use the standard unix - user database, and you have to store the Lanman and NT hashes - somewhere else. </p><p>Next to a differently encrypted passwords, - windows also stores certain data for each user - that is not stored in a unix user database, e.g. - workstations the user may logon from, the location where his/her - profile is stored, etc. - Samba retrieves and stores this information using a "passdb backend". - Commonly - available backends are LDAP, plain text file, MySQL and nisplus. - For more information, see the documentation about the - <b>passdb backend = </b> parameter. - </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866152"></a>Important Notes About Security</h2></div></div><p>The unix and SMB password encryption techniques seem similar - on the surface. This similarity is, however, only skin deep. The unix - scheme typically sends clear text passwords over the network when - logging in. This is bad. The SMB encryption scheme never sends the - cleartext password over the network but it does store the 16 byte - hashed values on disk. This is also bad. Why? Because the 16 byte hashed - values are a "password equivalent". You cannot derive the user's - password from them, but they could potentially be used in a modified - client to gain access to a server. This would require considerable - technical knowledge on behalf of the attacker but is perfectly possible. - You should thus treat the data stored in whatever - passdb backend you use (smbpasswd file, ldap, mysql) as though it contained the - cleartext passwords of all your users. Its contents must be kept - secret, and the file should be protected accordingly.</p><p>Ideally we would like a password scheme which neither requires - plain text passwords on the net or on disk. Unfortunately this - is not available as Samba is stuck with being compatible with - other SMB systems (WinNT, WfWg, Win95 etc). </p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>Note that Windows NT 4.0 Service pack 3 changed the - default for permissible authentication so that plaintext - passwords are <span class="emphasis"><em>never</em></span> sent over the wire. - The solution to this is either to switch to encrypted passwords - with Samba or edit the Windows NT registry to re-enable plaintext - passwords. See the document WinNT.txt for details on how to do - this.</p><p>Other Microsoft operating systems which also exhibit - this behavior includes</p><p> These versions of MS Windows do not support full domain - security protocols, although they may log onto a domain environment. - Of these Only MS Windows XP Home does NOT support domain logons.</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>MS DOS Network client 3.0 with - the basic network redirector installed</td></tr><tr><td>Windows 95 with the network redirector - update installed</td></tr><tr><td>Windows 98 [se]</td></tr><tr><td>Windows Me</td></tr><tr><td>Windows XP Home</td></tr></table><p> The following versions of MS Windows fully support domain - security protocols.</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Windows NT 3.5x</td></tr><tr><td>Windows NT 4.0</td></tr><tr><td>Windows 2000 Professional</td></tr><tr><td>Windows 200x Server/Advanced Server</td></tr><tr><td>Windows XP Professional</td></tr></table></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>All current release of - Microsoft SMB/CIFS clients support authentication via the - SMB Challenge/Response mechanism described here. Enabling - clear text authentication does not disable the ability - of the client to participate in encrypted authentication.</p></div><p>MS Windows clients will cache the encrypted password alone. - Even when plain text passwords are re-enabled, through the appropriate - registry change, the plain text password is NEVER cached. This means that - in the event that a network connections should become disconnected (broken) - only the cached (encrypted) password will be sent to the resource server - to affect a auto-reconnect. If the resource server does not support encrypted - passwords the auto-reconnect will fail. <span class="emphasis"><em>USE OF ENCRYPTED PASSWORDS - IS STRONGLY ADVISED.</em></span></p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866314"></a>Advantages of SMB Encryption</h3></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Plain text passwords are not passed across - the network. Someone using a network sniffer cannot just - record passwords going to the SMB server.</td></tr><tr><td>WinNT doesn't like talking to a server - that does not support encrypted passwords. It will refuse - to browse the server if the server is also in user level - security mode. It will insist on prompting the user for the - password on each connection, which is very annoying. The - only things you can do to stop this is to use SMB encryption. - </td></tr><tr><td>Encrypted password support allows automatic share - (resource) reconnects.</td></tr></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866353"></a>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</h3></div></div><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Plain text passwords are not kept - on disk, and are NOT cached in memory. </td></tr><tr><td>Uses same password file as other unix - services such as login and ftp</td></tr><tr><td>Use of other services (such as telnet and ftp) which - send plain text passwords over the net, so sending them for SMB - isn't such a big deal.</td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866388"></a>The smbpasswd Command</h2></div></div><p>The smbpasswd utility is a utility similar to the - <b>passwd</b> or <b>yppasswd</b> programs. - It maintains the two 32 byte password fields in the passdb backend. </p><p><b>smbpasswd</b> works in a client-server mode - where it contacts the local smbd to change the user's password on its - behalf. This has enormous benefits - as follows.</p><p><b>smbpasswd</b> has the capability - to change passwords on Windows NT servers (this only works when - the request is sent to the NT Primary Domain Controller if you - are changing an NT Domain user's password).</p><p>To run smbpasswd as a normal user just type :</p><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbpasswd</tt></b></p><p><tt>Old SMB password: </tt><b><tt><type old value here - - or hit return if there was no old password></tt></b></p><p><tt>New SMB Password: </tt><b><tt><type new value> - </tt></b></p><p><tt>Repeat New SMB Password: </tt><b><tt><re-type new value - </tt></b></p><p>If the old value does not match the current value stored for - that user, or the two new values do not match each other, then the - password will not be changed.</p><p>If invoked by an ordinary user it will only allow the user - to change his or her own Samba password.</p><p>If run by the root user smbpasswd may take an optional - argument, specifying the user name whose SMB password you wish to - change. Note that when run as root smbpasswd does not prompt for - or check the old password value, thus allowing root to set passwords - for users who have forgotten their passwords.</p><p><b>smbpasswd</b> is designed to work in the same way - and be familiar to UNIX users who use the <b>passwd</b> or - <b>yppasswd</b> commands.</p><p>For more details on using <b>smbpasswd</b> refer - to the man page which will always be the definitive reference.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866568"></a>Plain text</h2></div></div><p> -Older versions of samba retrieved user information from the unix user database -and eventually some other fields from the file <tt>/etc/samba/smbpasswd</tt> -or <tt>/etc/smbpasswd</tt>. When password encryption is disabled, no -data is stored at all. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866597"></a>TDB</h2></div></div><p>Samba can also store the user data in a "TDB" (Trivial Database). Using this backend -doesn't require any additional configuration. This backend is recommended for new installations that -don not require LDAP. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2866613"></a>LDAP</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866621"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -This document describes how to use an LDAP directory for storing Samba user -account information traditionally stored in the smbpasswd(5) file. It is -assumed that the reader already has a basic understanding of LDAP concepts -and has a working directory server already installed. For more information -on LDAP architectures and Directories, please refer to the following sites. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>OpenLDAP - <a href="http://www.openldap.org/" target="_top">http://www.openldap.org/</a></p></li><li><p>iPlanet Directory Server - <a href="http://iplanet.netscape.com/directory" target="_top">http://iplanet.netscape.com/directory</a></p></li></ul></div><p> -Note that <a href="http://www.ora.com/" target="_top">O'Reilly Publishing</a> is working on -a guide to LDAP for System Administrators which has a planned release date of -early summer, 2002. -</p><p> -Two additional Samba resources which may prove to be helpful are -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The <a href="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb/ldap-smb-3-howto.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-LDAP-HOWTO</a> - maintained by Ignacio Coupeau.</p></li><li><p>The NT migration scripts from <a href="http://samba.idealx.org/" target="_top">IDEALX</a> that are - geared to manage users and group in such a Samba-LDAP Domain Controller configuration. - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866721"></a>Encrypted Password Database</h3></div></div><p> -Traditionally, when configuring <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">"encrypt -passwords = yes"</a> in Samba's <tt>smb.conf</tt> file, user account -information such as username, LM/NT password hashes, password change times, and account -flags have been stored in the <tt>smbpasswd(5)</tt> file. There are several -disadvantages to this approach for sites with very large numbers of users (counted -in the thousands). -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -The first is that all lookups must be performed sequentially. Given that -there are approximately two lookups per domain logon (one for a normal -session connection such as when mapping a network drive or printer), this -is a performance bottleneck for large sites. What is needed is an indexed approach -such as is used in databases. -</p></li><li><p> -The second problem is that administrators who desired to replicate a -smbpasswd file to more than one Samba server were left to use external -tools such as <b>rsync(1)</b> and <b>ssh(1)</b> -and wrote custom, in-house scripts. -</p></li><li><p> -And finally, the amount of information which is stored in an -smbpasswd entry leaves no room for additional attributes such as -a home directory, password expiration time, or even a Relative -Identified (RID). -</p></li></ul></div><p> -As a result of these defeciencies, a more robust means of storing user attributes -used by smbd was developed. The API which defines access to user accounts -is commonly referred to as the samdb interface (previously this was called the passdb -API, and is still so named in the CVS trees). -</p><p> -There are a few points to stress about that the ldapsam -does not provide. The LDAP support referred to in the this documentation does not -include: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A means of retrieving user account information from - an Windows 2000 Active Directory server.</p></li><li><p>A means of replacing /etc/passwd.</p></li></ul></div><p> -The second item can be accomplished by using LDAP NSS and PAM modules. LGPL -versions of these libraries can be obtained from PADL Software -(<a href="http://www.padl.com/" target="_top">http://www.padl.com/</a>). More -information about the configuration of these packages may be found at "LDAP, -System Administration; Gerald Carter, O'Reilly; Chapter 6: Replacing NIS". -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866860"></a>Supported LDAP Servers</h3></div></div><p> -The LDAP samdb code in 2.2.3 (and later) has been developed and tested -using the OpenLDAP 2.0 server and client libraries. -The same code should be able to work with Netscape's Directory Server -and client SDK. However, due to lack of testing so far, there are bound -to be compile errors and bugs. These should not be hard to fix. -If you are so inclined, please be sure to forward all patches to -<a href="mailto:samba-patches@samba.org" target="_top">samba-patches@samba.org</a> and -<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2866898"></a>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</h3></div></div><p> -Samba 3.0 includes the necessary schema file for OpenLDAP 2.0 in -<tt>examples/LDAP/samba.schema</tt>. The sambaAccount objectclass is given here: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -objectclass ( 1.3.1.5.1.4.1.7165.2.2.2 NAME 'sambaAccount' SUP top AUXILIARY - DESC 'Samba Account' - MUST ( uid $ rid ) - MAY ( cn $ lmPassword $ ntPassword $ pwdLastSet $ logonTime $ - logoffTime $ kickoffTime $ pwdCanChange $ pwdMustChange $ acctFlags $ - displayName $ smbHome $ homeDrive $ scriptPath $ profilePath $ - description $ userWorkstations $ primaryGroupID $ domain )) -</pre><p> -The samba.schema file has been formatted for OpenLDAP 2.0. The OID's are -owned by the Samba Team and as such is legal to be openly published. -If you translate the schema to be used with Netscape DS, please -submit the modified schema file as a patch to <a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org" target="_top">jerry@samba.org</a> -</p><p> -Just as the smbpasswd file is meant to store information which supplements a -user's <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry, so is the sambaAccount object -meant to supplement the UNIX user account information. A sambaAccount is a -<tt>STRUCTURAL</tt> objectclass so it can be stored individually -in the directory. However, there are several fields (e.g. uid) which overlap -with the posixAccount objectclass outlined in RFC2307. This is by design. -</p><p> -In order to store all user account information (UNIX and Samba) in the directory, -it is necessary to use the sambaAccount and posixAccount objectclasses in -combination. However, smbd will still obtain the user's UNIX account -information via the standard C library calls (e.g. getpwnam(), et. al.). -This means that the Samba server must also have the LDAP NSS library installed -and functioning correctly. This division of information makes it possible to -store all Samba account information in LDAP, but still maintain UNIX account -information in NIS while the network is transitioning to a full LDAP infrastructure. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867008"></a>Configuring Samba with LDAP</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867016"></a>OpenLDAP configuration</h4></div></div><p> -To include support for the sambaAccount object in an OpenLDAP directory -server, first copy the samba.schema file to slapd's configuration directory. -</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b><tt>cp samba.schema /etc/openldap/schema/</tt></b> -</p><p> -Next, include the <tt>samba.schema</tt> file in <tt>slapd.conf</tt>. -The sambaAccount object contains two attributes which depend upon other schema -files. The 'uid' attribute is defined in <tt>cosine.schema</tt> and -the 'displayName' attribute is defined in the <tt>inetorgperson.schema</tt> -file. Both of these must be included before the <tt>samba.schema</tt> file. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -## /etc/openldap/slapd.conf - -## schema files (core.schema is required by default) -include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema - -## needed for sambaAccount -include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema -include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema -include /etc/openldap/schema/samba.schema -include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema - -.... -</pre><p> -It is recommended that you maintain some indices on some of the most usefull attributes, -like in the following example, to speed up searches made on sambaAccount objectclasses -(and possibly posixAccount and posixGroup as well). -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -# Indices to maintain -## required by OpenLDAP 2.0 -index objectclass eq - -## support pb_getsampwnam() -index uid pres,eq -## support pdb_getsambapwrid() -index rid eq - -## uncomment these if you are storing posixAccount and -## posixGroup entries in the directory as well -##index uidNumber eq -##index gidNumber eq -##index cn eq -##index memberUid eq - -# (both fetched via ldapsearch): -index primaryGroupID eq -index displayName pres,eq - -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2867134"></a>Configuring Samba</h4></div></div><p> -The following parameters are available in smb.conf only with <i><tt>--with-ldapsam</tt></i> -was included when compiling Samba. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSDBBACKEND" target="_top">passdb backend [ldapsam|ldapsam_nua]:url</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPSSL" target="_top">ldap ssl</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" target="_top">ldap admin dn</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPSUFFIX" target="_top">ldap suffix</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPFILTER" target="_top">ldap filter</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPPORT" target="_top">ldap port</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPMACHINSUFFIX" target="_top">ldap machine suffix</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPUSERSUFFIX" target="_top">ldap user suffix</a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPDELETEDN" target="_top">ldap delete dn</a></p></li></ul></div><p> -These are described in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top">smb.conf(5)</a> man -page and so will not be repeated here. However, a sample smb.conf file for -use with an LDAP directory could appear as -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -## /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf -[global] - security = user - encrypt passwords = yes - - netbios name = TASHTEGO - workgroup = NARNIA - - # ldap related parameters - - # define the DN to use when binding to the directory servers - # The password for this DN is not stored in smb.conf. Rather it - # must be set by using 'smbpasswd -w <i><tt>secretpw</tt></i>' to store the - # passphrase in the secrets.tdb file. If the "ldap admin dn" values - # change, this password will need to be reset. - ldap admin dn = "cn=Samba Manager,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org" - - # Define the SSL option when connecting to the directory - # ('off', 'start tls', or 'on' (default)) - ldap ssl = start tls - - passdb backend ldapsam:ldap://ahab.samba.org - - # smbpasswd -x delete the entire dn-entry - ldap delete dn = no - - # the machine and user suffix added to the base suffix - # wrote WITHOUT quotes. NULL siffixes by default - ldap user suffix = ou=People - ldap machine suffix = ou=Systems - - # define the port to use in the LDAP session (defaults to 636 when - # "ldap ssl = on") - ldap port = 389 - - # specify the base DN to use when searching the directory - ldap suffix = "ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org" - - # generally the default ldap search filter is ok - # ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaAccount))" -</pre></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867304"></a>Accounts and Groups management</h3></div></div><p> -As users accounts are managed thru the sambaAccount objectclass, you should -modify your existing administration tools to deal with sambaAccount attributes. -</p><p> -Machines accounts are managed with the sambaAccount objectclass, just -like users accounts. However, it's up to you to store thoses accounts -in a different tree of you LDAP namespace: you should use -"ou=Groups,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store groups and -"ou=People,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store users. Just configure your -NSS and PAM accordingly (usually, in the /etc/ldap.conf configuration -file). -</p><p> -In Samba release 3.0, the group management system is based on posix -groups. This means that Samba makes usage of the posixGroup objectclass. -For now, there is no NT-like group system management (global and local -groups). -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867341"></a>Security and sambaAccount</h3></div></div><p> -There are two important points to remember when discussing the security -of sambaAccount entries in the directory. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> retrieve the lmPassword or - ntPassword attribute values over an unencrypted LDAP session.</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Never</em></span> allow non-admin users to - view the lmPassword or ntPassword attribute values.</p></li></ul></div><p> -These password hashes are clear text equivalents and can be used to impersonate -the user without deriving the original clear text strings. For more information -on the details of LM/NT password hashes, refer to the <a href="#passdb" title="Chapter 10. User information database">User Database</a> of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection. -</p><p> -To remedy the first security issue, the "ldap ssl" smb.conf parameter defaults -to require an encrypted session (<b>ldap ssl = on</b>) using -the default port of 636 -when contacting the directory server. When using an OpenLDAP 2.0 server, it -is possible to use the use the StartTLS LDAP extended operation in the place of -LDAPS. In either case, you are strongly discouraged to disable this security -(<b>ldap ssl = off</b>). -</p><p> -Note that the LDAPS protocol is deprecated in favor of the LDAPv3 StartTLS -extended operation. However, the OpenLDAP library still provides support for -the older method of securing communication between clients and servers. -</p><p> -The second security precaution is to prevent non-administrative users from -harvesting password hashes from the directory. This can be done using the -following ACL in <tt>slapd.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -## allow the "ldap admin dn" access, but deny everyone else -access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword - by dn="cn=Samba Admin,ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" write - by * none -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867456"></a>LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</h3></div></div><p> -The sambaAccount objectclass is composed of the following attributes: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>lmPassword</tt>: the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character - representation of a hexidecimal string.</p></li><li><p><tt>ntPassword</tt>: the NT password hash 16-byte stored as a character - representation of a hexidecimal string.</p></li><li><p><tt>pwdLastSet</tt>: The integer time in seconds since 1970 when the - <tt>lmPassword</tt> and <tt>ntPassword</tt> attributes were last set. - </p></li><li><p><tt>acctFlags</tt>: string of 11 characters surrounded by square brackets [] - representing account flags such as U (user), W(workstation), X(no password expiration), and - D(disabled).</p></li><li><p><tt>logonTime</tt>: Integer value currently unused</p></li><li><p><tt>logoffTime</tt>: Integer value currently unused</p></li><li><p><tt>kickoffTime</tt>: Integer value currently unused</p></li><li><p><tt>pwdCanChange</tt>: Integer value currently unused</p></li><li><p><tt>pwdMustChange</tt>: Integer value currently unused</p></li><li><p><tt>homeDrive</tt>: specifies the drive letter to which to map the - UNC path specified by homeDirectory. The drive letter must be specified in the form "X:" - where X is the letter of the drive to map. Refer to the "logon drive" parameter in the - smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</p></li><li><p><tt>scriptPath</tt>: The scriptPath property specifies the path of - the user's logon script, .CMD, .EXE, or .BAT file. The string can be null. The path - is relative to the netlogon share. Refer to the "logon script" parameter in the - smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</p></li><li><p><tt>profilePath</tt>: specifies a path to the user's profile. - This value can be a null string, a local absolute path, or a UNC path. Refer to the - "logon path" parameter in the smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</p></li><li><p><tt>smbHome</tt>: The homeDirectory property specifies the path of - the home directory for the user. The string can be null. If homeDrive is set and specifies - a drive letter, homeDirectory should be a UNC path. The path must be a network - UNC path of the form \\server\share\directory. This value can be a null string. - Refer to the "logon home" parameter in the smb.conf(5) man page for more information. - </p></li><li><p><tt>userWorkstation</tt>: character string value currently unused. - </p></li><li><p><tt>rid</tt>: the integer representation of the user's relative identifier - (RID).</p></li><li><p><tt>primaryGroupID</tt>: the relative identifier (RID) of the primary group - of the user.</p></li></ul></div><p> -The majority of these parameters are only used when Samba is acting as a PDC of -a domain (refer to the <a href="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-HOWTO</a> for details on -how to configure Samba as a Primary Domain Controller). The following four attributes -are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if the values are non-default values: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>smbHome</p></li><li><p>scriptPath</p></li><li><p>logonPath</p></li><li><p>homeDrive</p></li></ul></div><p> -These attributes are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if -the values are non-default values. For example, assume TASHTEGO has now been -configured as a PDC and that <b>logon home = \\%L\%u</b> was defined in -its <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. When a user named "becky" logons to the domain, -the <i><tt>logon home</tt></i> string is expanded to \\TASHTEGO\becky. -If the smbHome attribute exists in the entry "uid=becky,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org", -this value is used. However, if this attribute does not exist, then the value -of the <i><tt>logon home</tt></i> parameter is used in its place. Samba -will only write the attribute value to the directory entry if the value is -something other than the default (e.g. \\MOBY\becky). -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867737"></a>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</h3></div></div><p> -The following is a working LDIF with the inclusion of the posixAccount objectclass: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -dn: uid=guest2, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org -ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7 -pwdMustChange: 2147483647 -primaryGroupID: 1201 -lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE -pwdLastSet: 1010179124 -logonTime: 0 -objectClass: sambaAccount -uid: guest2 -kickoffTime: 2147483647 -acctFlags: [UX ] -logoffTime: 2147483647 -rid: 19006 -pwdCanChange: 0 -</pre><p> -The following is an LDIF entry for using both the sambaAccount and -posixAccount objectclasses: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -dn: uid=gcarter, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org -logonTime: 0 -displayName: Gerald Carter -lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE -primaryGroupID: 1201 -objectClass: posixAccount -objectClass: sambaAccount -acctFlags: [UX ] -userPassword: {crypt}BpM2ej8Rkzogo -uid: gcarter -uidNumber: 9000 -cn: Gerald Carter -loginShell: /bin/bash -logoffTime: 2147483647 -gidNumber: 100 -kickoffTime: 2147483647 -pwdLastSet: 1010179230 -rid: 19000 -homeDirectory: /home/tashtego/gcarter -pwdCanChange: 0 -pwdMustChange: 2147483647 -ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7 -</pre></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2867793"></a>MySQL</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867800"></a>Creating the database</h3></div></div><p> -You either can set up your own table and specify the field names to pdb_mysql (see below -for the column names) or use the default table. The file <tt>examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt> -contains the correct queries to create the required tables. Use the command : - -<b>mysql -u<i><tt>username</tt></i> -h<i><tt>hostname</tt></i> -p<i><tt>password</tt></i> <i><tt>databasename</tt></i> > <tt>/path/to/samba/examples/pdb/mysql/mysql.dump</tt></b> - -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867854"></a>Configuring</h3></div></div><p>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</p><p>Add a the following to the <b>passdb backend</b> variable in your <tt>smb.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -passdb backend = [other-plugins] mysql:identifier [other-plugins] -</pre><p> -</p><p>The identifier can be any string you like, as long as it doesn't collide with -the identifiers of other plugins or other instances of pdb_mysql. If you -specify multiple pdb_mysql.so entries in 'passdb backend', you also need to -use different identifiers! -</p><p> -Additional options can be given thru the smb.conf file in the [global] section. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -identifier:mysql host - host name, defaults to 'localhost' -identifier:mysql password -identifier:mysql user - defaults to 'samba' -identifier:mysql database - defaults to 'samba' -identifier:mysql port - defaults to 3306 -identifier:table - Name of the table containing users -</pre><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> -Since the password for the mysql user is stored in the -smb.conf file, you should make the the smb.conf file -readable only to the user that runs samba. This is considered a security -bug and will be fixed soon. -</p></div><p>Names of the columns in this table(I've added column types those columns should have first):</p><pre class="programlisting"> -identifier:logon time column - int(9) -identifier:logoff time column - int(9) -identifier:kickoff time column - int(9) -identifier:pass last set time column - int(9) -identifier:pass can change time column - int(9) -identifier:pass must change time column - int(9) -identifier:username column - varchar(255) - unix username -identifier:domain column - varchar(255) - NT domain user is part of -identifier:nt username column - varchar(255) - NT username -identifier:fullname column - varchar(255) - Full name of user -identifier:home dir column - varchar(255) - Unix homedir path -identifier:dir drive column - varchar(2) - Directory drive path (eg: 'H:') -identifier:logon script column - varchar(255) - - Batch file to run on client side when logging on -identifier:profile path column - varchar(255) - Path of profile -identifier:acct desc column - varchar(255) - Some ASCII NT user data -identifier:workstations column - varchar(255) - - Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all) -identifier:unknown string column - varchar(255) - unknown string -identifier:munged dial column - varchar(255) - ? -identifier:user sid column - varchar(255) - NT user SID -identifier:group sid column - varchar(255) - NT group ID -identifier:lanman pass column - varchar(255) - encrypted lanman password -identifier:nt pass column - varchar(255) - encrypted nt passwd -identifier:plain pass column - varchar(255) - plaintext password -identifier:acct control column - int(9) - nt user data -identifier:unknown 3 column - int(9) - unknown -identifier:logon divs column - int(9) - ? -identifier:hours len column - int(9) - ? -identifier:unknown 5 column - int(9) - unknown -identifier:unknown 6 column - int(9) - unknown -</pre><p> -Eventually, you can put a colon (:) after the name of each column, which -should specify the column to update when updating the table. You can also -specify nothing behind the colon - then the data from the field will not be -updated. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2867999"></a>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</h3></div></div><p> -I strongly discourage the use of plaintext passwords, however, you can use them: -</p><p> -If you would like to use plaintext passwords, set -'identifier:lanman pass column' and 'identifier:nt pass column' to -'NULL' (without the quotes) and 'identifier:plain pass column' to the -name of the column containing the plaintext passwords. -</p><p> -If you use encrypted passwords, set the 'identifier:plain pass -column' to 'NULL' (without the quotes). This is the default. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2868029"></a>Getting non-column data from the table</h3></div></div><p> -It is possible to have not all data in the database and making some 'constant'. -</p><p> -For example, you can set 'identifier:fullname column' to : -<b>CONCAT(First_name,' ',Sur_name)</b> -</p><p> -Or, set 'identifier:workstations column' to : -<b>NULL</b></p><p>See the MySQL documentation for more language constructs.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868072"></a>XML</h2></div></div><p>This module requires libxml2 to be installed.</p><p>The usage of pdb_xml is pretty straightforward. To export data, use: -</p><p> - <b><tt>pdbedit -e xml:filename</tt></b> -</p><p> -(where filename is the name of the file to put the data in) -</p><p> -To import data, use: -<b><tt>pdbedit -i xml:filename -e current-pdb</tt></b> -</p><p> -Where filename is the name to read the data from and current-pdb to put it in. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unix-permissions"></a>Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Apr 1999</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2865054">Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2864937">How to view file security on a Samba share</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868280">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868401">Viewing file or directory permissions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2868484">File Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868587">Directory Permissions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2868637">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2868797">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869113">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2865054"></a>Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</h2></div></div><p>Windows NT clients can use their native security settings - dialog box to view and modify the underlying UNIX permissions.</p><p>Note that this ability is careful not to compromise - the security of the UNIX host Samba is running on, and - still obeys all the file permission rules that a Samba - administrator can set.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - All access to Unix/Linux system file via Samba is controlled at - the operating system file access control level. When trying to - figure out file access problems it is vitally important to identify - the identity of the Windows user as it is presented by Samba at - the point of file access. This can best be determined from the - Samba log files. - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2864937"></a>How to view file security on a Samba share</h2></div></div><p>From an NT4/2000/XP client, single-click with the right - mouse button on any file or directory in a Samba mounted - drive letter or UNC path. When the menu pops-up, click - on the <span class="emphasis"><em>Properties</em></span> entry at the bottom of - the menu. This brings up the file properties dialog - box. Click on the tab <span class="emphasis"><em>Security</em></span> and you - will see three buttons, <span class="emphasis"><em>Permissions</em></span>, - <span class="emphasis"><em>Auditing</em></span>, and <span class="emphasis"><em>Ownership</em></span>. - The <span class="emphasis"><em>Auditing</em></span> button will cause either - an error message A requested privilege is not held - by the client to appear if the user is not the - NT Administrator, or a dialog which is intended to allow an - Administrator to add auditing requirements to a file if the - user is logged on as the NT Administrator. This dialog is - non-functional with a Samba share at this time, as the only - useful button, the <b>Add</b> button will not currently - allow a list of users to be seen.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868280"></a>Viewing file ownership</h2></div></div><p>Clicking on the <b>"Ownership"</b> button - brings up a dialog box telling you who owns the given file. The - owner name will be of the form :</p><p><b>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</b></p><p>Where <i><tt>SERVER</tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of - the Samba server, <i><tt>user</tt></i> is the user name of - the UNIX user who owns the file, and <i><tt>(Long name)</tt></i> - is the descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the - GECOS field of the UNIX password database). Click on the <b>Close - </b> button to remove this dialog.</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then the file owner will - be shown as the NT user <b>"Everyone"</b>.</p><p>The <b>Take Ownership</b> button will not allow - you to change the ownership of this file to yourself (clicking on - it will display a dialog box complaining that the user you are - currently logged onto the NT client cannot be found). The reason - for this is that changing the ownership of a file is a privileged - operation in UNIX, available only to the <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> - user. As clicking on this button causes NT to attempt to change - the ownership of a file to the current user logged into the NT - client this will not work with Samba at this time.</p><p>There is an NT chown command that will work with Samba - and allow a user with Administrator privilege connected - to a Samba server as root to change the ownership of - files on both a local NTFS filesystem or remote mounted NTFS - or Samba drive. This is available as part of the <span class="emphasis"><em>Seclib - </em></span> NT security library written by Jeremy Allison of - the Samba Team, available from the main Samba ftp site.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868401"></a>Viewing file or directory permissions</h2></div></div><p>The third button is the <b>"Permissions"</b> - button. Clicking on this brings up a dialog box that shows both - the permissions and the UNIX owner of the file or directory. - The owner is displayed in the form :</p><p><b>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</b></p><p>Where <i><tt>SERVER</tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of - the Samba server, <i><tt>user</tt></i> is the user name of - the UNIX user who owns the file, and <i><tt>(Long name)</tt></i> - is the descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the - GECOS field of the UNIX password database).</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then the file owner will - be shown as the NT user <b>"Everyone"</b> and the - permissions will be shown as NT "Full Control".</p><p>The permissions field is displayed differently for files - and directories, so I'll describe the way file permissions - are displayed first.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2868484"></a>File Permissions</h3></div></div><p>The standard UNIX user/group/world triple and - the corresponding "read", "write", "execute" permissions - triples are mapped by Samba into a three element NT ACL - with the 'r', 'w', and 'x' bits mapped into the corresponding - NT permissions. The UNIX world permissions are mapped into - the global NT group <b>Everyone</b>, followed - by the list of permissions allowed for UNIX world. The UNIX - owner and group permissions are displayed as an NT - <b>user</b> icon and an NT <b>local - group</b> icon respectively followed by the list - of permissions allowed for the UNIX user and group.</p><p>As many UNIX permission sets don't map into common - NT names such as <b>"read"</b>, <b> - "change"</b> or <b>"full control"</b> then - usually the permissions will be prefixed by the words <b> - "Special Access"</b> in the NT display list.</p><p>But what happens if the file has no permissions allowed - for a particular UNIX user group or world component ? In order - to allow "no permissions" to be seen and modified then Samba - overloads the NT <b>"Take Ownership"</b> ACL attribute - (which has no meaning in UNIX) and reports a component with - no permissions as having the NT <b>"O"</b> bit set. - This was chosen of course to make it look like a zero, meaning - zero permissions. More details on the decision behind this will - be given below.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2868587"></a>Directory Permissions</h3></div></div><p>Directories on an NT NTFS file system have two - different sets of permissions. The first set of permissions - is the ACL set on the directory itself, this is usually displayed - in the first set of parentheses in the normal <b>"RW"</b> - NT style. This first set of permissions is created by Samba in - exactly the same way as normal file permissions are, described - above, and is displayed in the same way.</p><p>The second set of directory permissions has no real meaning - in the UNIX permissions world and represents the <b> - "inherited"</b> permissions that any file created within - this directory would inherit.</p><p>Samba synthesises these inherited permissions for NT by - returning as an NT ACL the UNIX permission mode that a new file - created by Samba on this share would receive.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868637"></a>Modifying file or directory permissions</h2></div></div><p>Modifying file and directory permissions is as simple - as changing the displayed permissions in the dialog box, and - clicking the <b>OK</b> button. However, there are - limitations that a user needs to be aware of, and also interactions - with the standard Samba permission masks and mapping of DOS - attributes that need to also be taken into account.</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then any attempt to set - security permissions will fail with an <b>"Access Denied" - </b> message.</p><p>The first thing to note is that the <b>"Add"</b> - button will not return a list of users in Samba (it will give - an error message of <b>"The remote procedure call failed - and did not execute"</b>). This means that you can only - manipulate the current user/group/world permissions listed in - the dialog box. This actually works quite well as these are the - only permissions that UNIX actually has.</p><p>If a permission triple (either user, group, or world) - is removed from the list of permissions in the NT dialog box, - then when the <b>"OK"</b> button is pressed it will - be applied as "no permissions" on the UNIX side. If you then - view the permissions again the "no permissions" entry will appear - as the NT <b>"O"</b> flag, as described above. This - allows you to add permissions back to a file or directory once - you have removed them from a triple component.</p><p>As UNIX supports only the "r", "w" and "x" bits of - an NT ACL then if other NT security attributes such as "Delete - access" are selected then they will be ignored when applied on - the Samba server.</p><p>When setting permissions on a directory the second - set of permissions (in the second set of parentheses) is - by default applied to all files within that directory. If this - is not what you want you must uncheck the <b>"Replace - permissions on existing files"</b> checkbox in the NT - dialog before clicking <b>"OK"</b>.</p><p>If you wish to remove all permissions from a - user/group/world component then you may either highlight the - component and click the <b>"Remove"</b> button, - or set the component to only have the special <b>"Take - Ownership"</b> permission (displayed as <b>"O" - </b>) highlighted.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2868797"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</h2></div></div><p>There are four parameters - to control interaction with the standard Samba create mask parameters. - These are :</p><p><i><tt>security mask</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></p><p>Once a user clicks <b>"OK"</b> to apply the - permissions Samba maps the given permissions into a user/group/world - r/w/x triple set, and then will check the changed permissions for a - file against the bits set in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYMASK" target="_top"> - <i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a> parameter. Any bits that - were changed that are not set to '1' in this parameter are left alone - in the file permissions.</p><p>Essentially, zero bits in the <i><tt>security mask</tt></i> - mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> - allowed to change, and one bits are those the user is allowed to change. - </p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value as - the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" target="_top"><i><tt>create mask - </tt></i></a> parameter. To allow a user to modify all the - user/group/world permissions on a file, set this parameter - to 0777.</p><p>Next Samba checks the changed permissions for a file against - the bits set in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#FORCESECURITYMODE" target="_top"> - <i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></a> parameter. Any bits - that were changed that correspond to bits set to '1' in this parameter - are forced to be set.</p><p>Essentially, bits set in the <i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i> parameter may be treated as a set of bits that, when - modifying security on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value - as the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#FORCECREATEMODE" target="_top"><i><tt>force - create mode</tt></i></a> parameter. - To allow a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file - with no restrictions set this parameter to 000.</p><p>The <i><tt>security mask</tt></i> and <i><tt>force - security mode</tt></i> parameters are applied to the change - request in that order.</p><p>For a directory Samba will perform the same operations as - described above for a file except using the parameter <i><tt> - directory security mask</tt></i> instead of <i><tt>security - mask</tt></i>, and <i><tt>force directory security mode - </tt></i> parameter instead of <i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i>.</p><p>The <i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i> parameter - by default is set to the same value as the <i><tt>directory mask - </tt></i> parameter and the <i><tt>force directory security - mode</tt></i> parameter by default is set to the same value as - the <i><tt>force directory mode</tt></i> parameter. </p><p>In this way Samba enforces the permission restrictions that - an administrator can set on a Samba share, whilst still allowing users - to modify the permission bits within that restriction.</p><p>If you want to set up a share that allows users full control - in modifying the permission bits on their files and directories and - doesn't force any particular bits to be set 'on', then set the following - parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file in that share specific section :</p><p><i><tt>security mask = 0777</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force security mode = 0</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>directory security mask = 0777</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force directory security mode = 0</tt></i></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869113"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</h2></div></div><p>Samba maps some of the DOS attribute bits (such as "read - only") into the UNIX permissions of a file. This means there can - be a conflict between the permission bits set via the security - dialog and the permission bits set by the file attribute mapping. - </p><p>One way this can show up is if a file has no UNIX read access - for the owner it will show up as "read only" in the standard - file attributes tabbed dialog. Unfortunately this dialog is - the same one that contains the security info in another tab.</p><p>What this can mean is that if the owner changes the permissions - to allow themselves read access using the security dialog, clicks - <b>"OK"</b> to get back to the standard attributes tab - dialog, and then clicks <b>"OK"</b> on that dialog, then - NT will set the file permissions back to read-only (as that is what - the attributes still say in the dialog). This means that after setting - permissions and clicking <b>"OK"</b> to get back to the - attributes dialog you should always hit <b>"Cancel"</b> - rather than <b>"OK"</b> to ensure that your changes - are not overridden.</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="groupmapping"></a>Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jean François Micouleau</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><p> -Starting with Samba 3.0 alpha 2, new group mapping functionality -is available to create associations between Windows SIDs and UNIX -groups. The <i><tt>groupmap</tt></i> subcommand included with -the <b>net</b> tool can be used to manage these associations. -</p><p> -The first immediate reason to use the group mapping on a Samba PDC, is that -the <i><tt>domain admin group</tt></i> <tt>smb.conf</tt> has been removed. -This parameter was used to give the listed users membership in the "Domain Admins" -Windows group which gave local admin rights on their workstations (in -default configurations). -</p><p> -When installing NT/W2K on a computer, the installer program creates some users -and groups. Notably the 'Administrators' group, and gives to that group some -privileges like the ability to change the date and time or to kill any process -(or close too) running on the local machine. The 'Administrator' user is a -member of the 'Administrators' group, and thus 'inherit' the 'Administrators' -group privileges. If a 'joe' user is created and become a member of the -'Administrator' group, 'joe' has exactly the same rights as 'Administrator'. -</p><p> -When a NT/W2K machine is joined to a domain, the "Domain Adminis" group of the -PDC is added to the local 'Administrators' group of the workstation. Every -member of the 'Domain Administrators' group 'inherit' the -rights of the local 'Administrators' group when logging on the workstation. -</p><p> -The following steps describe how to make samba PDC users members of the -'Domain Admins' group? -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>create a unix group (usually in <tt>/etc/group</tt>), - let's call it domadm</p></li><li><p>add to this group the users that must be Administrators. For example - if you want joe,john and mary, your entry in <tt>/etc/group</tt> will - look like:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domadm:x:502:joe,john,mary - </pre></li><li><p>Map this domadm group to the "Domain Admins" group - by running the command:</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=domadm</tt></b></p><p>The quotes around "Domain Admins" are necessary due to the space in the group name. Also make - sure to leave no whitespace surrounding the equal character (=).</p></li></ol></div><p>Now joe, john and mary are domain administrators!</p><p> -It is possible to map any arbitrary UNIX group to any Windows NT -group as well as making any UNIX group a Windows domain group. -For example, if you wanted to include a UNIX group (e.g. acct) in a ACL on a -local file or printer on a domain member machine, you would flag -that group as a domain group by running the following on the Samba PDC: -</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>net groupmap add rid=1000 ntgroup="Accounting" unixgroup=acct</tt></b></p><p>Be aware that the rid parmeter is a unsigned 32 bit integer that should -normally start at 1000. However, this rid must not overlap with any RID assigned -to a user. Verifying this is done differently depending on on the passdb backend -you are using. Future versions of the tools may perform the verification automatically, -but for now the burden in on you.</p><p>You can list the various groups in the mapping database by executing -<b>net groupmap list</b>. Here is an example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><tt>root# </tt>net groupmap list -System Administrators (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-1002) -> sysadmin -Domain Admins (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-512) -> domadmin -Domain Users (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-513) -> domuser -Domain Guests (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-514) -> domguest -</pre><p>For complete details on <b>net groupmap</b>, refer to the -net(8) man page.</p></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="printing"></a>Chapter 13. Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Patrick Powell</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:papowell@lprng.org">papowell@lprng.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (3 May 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2869498">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869614">Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869661">Creating [print$]</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869893">Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2869992">Support a large number of printers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870099">Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870231">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869233">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869259">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870336">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870355">The Imprints server</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870379">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2869340">Diagnosis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2869347">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870552">Debugging printer problems</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870619">What printers do I have?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870661">Setting up printcap and print servers</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2870795">Job sent, no output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871344">Job sent, strange output</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871420">Raw PostScript printed</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871438">Advanced Printing</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871464">Real debugging</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869498"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>Beginning with the 2.2.0 release, Samba supports -the native Windows NT printing mechanisms implemented via -MS-RPC (i.e. the SPOOLSS named pipe). Previous versions of -Samba only supported LanMan printing calls.</p><p>The additional functionality provided by the new -SPOOLSS support includes:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Support for downloading printer driver - files to Windows 95/98/NT/2000 clients upon demand. - </p></li><li><p>Uploading of printer drivers via the - Windows NT Add Printer Wizard (APW) or the - Imprints tool set (refer to <a href="http://imprints.sourceforge.net" target="_top">http://imprints.sourceforge.net</a>). - </p></li><li><p>Support for the native MS-RPC printing - calls such as StartDocPrinter, EnumJobs(), etc... (See - the MSDN documentation at <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/" target="_top">http://msdn.microsoft.com/</a> - for more information on the Win32 printing API) - </p></li><li><p>Support for NT Access Control Lists (ACL) - on printer objects</p></li><li><p>Improved support for printer queue manipulation - through the use of an internal databases for spooled job - information</p></li></ul></div><p> -There has been some initial confusion about what all this means -and whether or not it is a requirement for printer drivers to be -installed on a Samba host in order to support printing from Windows -clients. As a side note, Samba does not use these drivers in any way to process -spooled files. They are utilized entirely by the clients. -</p><p> -The following MS KB article, may be of some help if you are dealing with -Windows 2000 clients: <span class="emphasis"><em>How to Add Printers with No User -Interaction in Windows 2000</em></span> -</p><p> -<a href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP</a> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869614"></a>Configuration</h2></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">[print$] vs. [printer$]</h3><p> -Previous versions of Samba recommended using a share named [printer$]. -This name was taken from the printer$ service created by Windows 9x -clients when a printer was shared. Windows 9x printer servers always have -a printer$ service which provides read-only access via no -password in order to support printer driver downloads. -</p><p> -However, the initial implementation allowed for a -parameter named <i><tt>printer driver location</tt></i> -to be used on a per share basis to specify the location of -the driver files associated with that printer. Another -parameter named <i><tt>printer driver</tt></i> provided -a means of defining the printer driver name to be sent to -the client. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869661"></a>Creating [print$]</h3></div></div><p> -In order to support the uploading of printer driver -files, you must first configure a file share named [print$]. -The name of this share is hard coded in Samba's internals so -the name is very important (print$ is the service used by -Windows NT print servers to provide support for printer driver -download). -</p><p>You should modify the server's smb.conf file to add the global -parameters and to create the -following file share (of course, some of the parameter values, -such as 'path' are arbitrary and should be replaced with -appropriate values for your site):</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - ; members of the ntadmin group should be able - ; to add drivers and set printer properties - ; root is implicitly a 'printer admin' - printer admin = @ntadmin - -[print$] - path = /usr/local/samba/printers - guest ok = yes - browseable = yes - read only = yes - ; since this share is configured as read only, then we need - ; a 'write list'. Check the file system permissions to make - ; sure this account can copy files to the share. If this - ; is setup to a non-root account, then it should also exist - ; as a 'printer admin' - write list = @ntadmin,root -</pre><p>The <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" target="_top"><i><tt> -write list</tt></i></a> is used to allow administrative -level user accounts to have write access in order to update files -on the share. See the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top">smb.conf(5) -man page</a> for more information on configuring file shares.</p><p>The requirement for <a href="smb.conf.5.html#GUESTOK" target="_top"><b>guest -ok = yes</b></a> depends upon how your -site is configured. If users will be guaranteed to have -an account on the Samba host, then this is a non-issue.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Author's Note</h3><p> -The non-issue is that if all your Windows NT users are guaranteed to be -authenticated by the Samba server (such as a domain member server and the NT -user has already been validated by the Domain Controller in -order to logon to the Windows NT console), then guest access -is not necessary. Of course, in a workgroup environment where -you just want to be able to print without worrying about -silly accounts and security, then configure the share for -guest access. You'll probably want to add <a href="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" target="_top"><b>map to guest = Bad User -</b></a> in the [global] section as well. Make sure -you understand what this parameter does before using it -though. --jerry -</p></div><p>In order for a Windows NT print server to support -the downloading of driver files by multiple client architectures, -it must create subdirectories within the [print$] service -which correspond to each of the supported client architectures. -Samba follows this model as well.</p><p>Next create the directory tree below the [print$] share -for each architecture you wish to support.</p><p><tt> -[print$]----- - |-W32X86 ; "Windows NT x86" - |-WIN40 ; "Windows 95/98" - |-W32ALPHA ; "Windows NT Alpha_AXP" - |-W32MIPS ; "Windows NT R4000" - |-W32PPC ; "Windows NT PowerPC" -</tt></p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">ATTENTION! REQUIRED PERMISSIONS</h3><p> -In order to currently add a new driver to you Samba host, -one of two conditions must hold true: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The account used to connect to the Samba host - must have a uid of 0 (i.e. a root account)</p></li><li><p>The account used to connect to the Samba host - must be a member of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top"><i><tt>printer - admin</tt></i></a> list.</p></li></ul></div><p> -Of course, the connected account must still possess access -to add files to the subdirectories beneath [print$]. Remember -that all file shares are set to 'read only' by default. -</p></div><p> -Once you have created the required [print$] service and -associated subdirectories, simply log onto the Samba server using -a root (or <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i>) account -from a Windows NT 4.0/2k client. Open "Network Neighbourhood" or -"My Network Places" and browse for the Samba host. Once you have located -the server, navigate to the "Printers..." folder. -You should see an initial listing of printers -that matches the printer shares defined on your Samba host. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869893"></a>Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</h3></div></div><p>The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's -Printers folder will have no real printer driver assigned -to them. This defaults to a NULL string to allow the use -of the local Add Printer Wizard on NT/2000 clients. -Attempting to view the printer properties for a printer -which has this default driver assigned will result in -the error message:</p><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>Device settings cannot be displayed. The driver -for the specified printer is not installed, only spooler -properties will be displayed. Do you want to install the -driver now?</em></span> -</p><p> -Click "No" in the error dialog and you will be presented with -the printer properties window. The way to assign a driver to a -printer is to either -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Use the "New Driver..." button to install - a new printer driver, or</p></li><li><p>Select a driver from the popup list of - installed drivers. Initially this list will be empty.</p></li></ul></div><p>If you wish to install printer drivers for client -operating systems other than "Windows NT x86", you will need -to use the "Sharing" tab of the printer properties dialog.</p><p>Assuming you have connected with a root account, you -will also be able modify other printer properties such as -ACLs and device settings using this dialog box.</p><p>A few closing comments for this section, it is possible -on a Windows NT print server to have printers -listed in the Printers folder which are not shared. Samba does -not make this distinction. By definition, the only printers of -which Samba is aware are those which are specified as shares in -<tt>smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>Another interesting side note is that Windows NT clients do -not use the SMB printer share, but rather can print directly -to any printer on another Windows NT host using MS-RPC. This -of course assumes that the printing client has the necessary -privileges on the remote host serving the printer. The default -permissions assigned by Windows NT to a printer gives the "Print" -permissions to the "Everyone" well-known group. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869992"></a>Support a large number of printers</h3></div></div><p>One issue that has arisen during the development -phase of Samba 2.2 is the need to support driver downloads for -100's of printers. Using the Windows NT APW is somewhat -awkward to say the list. If more than one printer are using the -same driver, the <a href="rpcclient.1.html" target="_top"><b>rpcclient's -setdriver command</b></a> can be used to set the driver -associated with an installed driver. The following is example -of how this could be accomplished:</p><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumdrivers"</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] - -[Windows NT x86] -Printer Driver Info 1: - Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS] - -Printer Driver Info 1: - Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 2100 Series PS] - -Printer Driver Info 1: - Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS] -</pre><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumprinters"</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] - flags:[0x800000] - name:[\\POGO\hp-print] - description:[POGO\\POGO\hp-print,NO DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR THIS PRINTER,] - comment:[] - -</pre><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "setdriver hp-print \"HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS\""</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] -Successfully set hp-print to driver HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS. -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870099"></a>Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</h3></div></div><p> -By default, Samba offers all printer shares defined in <tt>smb.conf</tt> -in the "Printers..." folder. Also existing in this folder is the Windows NT -Add Printer Wizard icon. The APW will be show only if -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The connected user is able to successfully - execute an OpenPrinterEx(\\server) with administrative - privileges (i.e. root or <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i>). - </p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" target="_top"><i><tt>show - add printer wizard = yes</tt></i></a> (the default). - </p></li></ul></div><p> -In order to be able to use the APW to successfully add a printer to a Samba -server, the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>add -printer command</tt></i></a> must have a defined value. The program -hook must successfully add the printer to the system (i.e. -<tt>/etc/printcap</tt> or appropriate files) and -<tt>smb.conf</tt> if necessary. -</p><p> -When using the APW from a client, if the named printer share does -not exist, <b>smbd</b> will execute the <i><tt>add printer -command</tt></i> and reparse to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> -to attempt to locate the new printer share. If the share is still not defined, -an error of "Access Denied" is returned to the client. Note that the -<i><tt>add printer program</tt></i> is executed under the context -of the connected user, not necessarily a root account. -</p><p> -There is a complementary <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>delete -printer command</tt></i></a> for removing entries from the "Printers..." -folder. -</p><p> -The following is an example <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAN" target="_top"><i><tt>add printer command</tt></i></a> script. It adds the appropriate entries to <tt>/etc/printcap.local</tt> (change that to what you need) and returns a line of 'Done' which is needed for the whole process to work. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#!/bin/sh - -# Script to insert a new printer entry into printcap.local -# -# $1, printer name, used as the descriptive name -# $2, share name, used as the printer name for Linux -# $3, port name -# $4, driver name -# $5, location, used for the device file of the printer -# $6, win9x location - -# -# Make sure we use the location that RedHat uses for local printer defs -PRINTCAP=/etc/printcap.local -DATE=`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S` -LP=lp -RESTART="service lpd restart" - -# Keep a copy -cp $PRINTCAP $PRINTCAP.$DATE -# Add the printer to $PRINTCAP -echo "" >> $PRINTCAP -echo "$2|$1:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :sd=/var/spool/lpd/$2:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :mx=0:ml=0:sh:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :lp=/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn:" >> $PRINTCAP - -touch "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 -chown $LP "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 - -mkdir /var/spool/lpd/$2 -chmod 700 /var/spool/lpd/$2 -chown $LP /var/spool/lpd/$2 -#echo $1 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $2 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $3 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $4 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $5 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $6 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -$RESTART >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -# Not sure if this is needed -touch /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf -# -# You need to return a value, but I am not sure what it means. -# -echo "Done" -exit 0 -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870231"></a>Samba and Printer Ports</h3></div></div><p> -Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each printer. These normally -take the form of LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:, etc... Samba must also support the -concept of ports associated with a printer. By default, only one printer port, -named "Samba Printer Port", exists on a system. Samba does not really a port in -order to print, rather it is a requirement of Windows clients. -</p><p> -Note that Samba does not support the concept of "Printer Pooling" internally -either. This is when a logical printer is assigned to multiple ports as -a form of load balancing or fail over. -</p><p> -If you require that multiple ports be defined for some reason, -<tt>smb.conf</tt> possesses a <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENUMPORTSCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>enumports -command</tt></i></a> which can be used to define an external program -that generates a listing of ports on a system. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869233"></a>The Imprints Toolset</h2></div></div><p>The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the - Windows NT Add Printer Wizard. For complete information, please - refer to the Imprints web site at <a href="http://imprints.sourceforge.net/" target="_top"> - http://imprints.sourceforge.net/</a> as well as the documentation - included with the imprints source distribution. This section will - only provide a brief introduction to the features of Imprints.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869259"></a>What is Imprints?</h3></div></div><p>Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting the goals - of</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Providing a central repository information - regarding Windows NT and 95/98 printer driver packages</p></li><li><p>Providing the tools necessary for creating - the Imprints printer driver packages.</p></li><li><p>Providing an installation client which - will obtain and install printer drivers on remote Samba - and Windows NT 4 print servers.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870336"></a>Creating Printer Driver Packages</h3></div></div><p>The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond - the scope of this document (refer to Imprints.txt also included - with the Samba distribution for more information). In short, - an Imprints driver package is a gzipped tarball containing the - driver files, related INF files, and a control file needed by the - installation client.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870355"></a>The Imprints server</h3></div></div><p>The Imprints server is really a database server that - may be queried via standard HTTP mechanisms. Each printer - entry in the database has an associated URL for the actual - downloading of the package. Each package is digitally signed - via GnuPG which can be used to verify that package downloaded - is actually the one referred in the Imprints database. It is - <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> recommended that this security check - be disabled.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870379"></a>The Installation Client</h3></div></div><p>More information regarding the Imprints installation client - is available in the <tt>Imprints-Client-HOWTO.ps</tt> - file included with the imprints source package.</p><p>The Imprints installation client comes in two forms.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a set of command line Perl scripts</p></li><li><p>a GTK+ based graphical interface to - the command line perl scripts</p></li></ul></div><p>The installation client (in both forms) provides a means - of querying the Imprints database server for a matching - list of known printer model names as well as a means to - download and install the drivers on remote Samba and Windows - NT print servers.</p><p>The basic installation process is in four steps and - perl code is wrapped around <b>smbclient</b> - and <b>rpcclient</b>.</p><pre class="programlisting"> -foreach (supported architecture for a given driver) -{ - 1. rpcclient: Get the appropriate upload directory - on the remote server - 2. smbclient: Upload the driver files - 3. rpcclient: Issues an AddPrinterDriver() MS-RPC -} - -4. rpcclient: Issue an AddPrinterEx() MS-RPC to actually - create the printer -</pre><p>One of the problems encountered when implementing - the Imprints tool set was the name space issues between - various supported client architectures. For example, Windows - NT includes a driver named "Apple LaserWriter II NTX v51.8" - and Windows 95 calls its version of this driver "Apple - LaserWriter II NTX"</p><p>The problem is how to know what client drivers have - been uploaded for a printer. As astute reader will remember - that the Windows NT Printer Properties dialog only includes - space for one printer driver name. A quick look in the - Windows NT 4.0 system registry at</p><p><tt>HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environment - </tt></p><p>will reveal that Windows NT always uses the NT driver - name. This is ok as Windows NT always requires that at least - the Windows NT version of the printer driver is present. - However, Samba does not have the requirement internally. - Therefore, how can you use the NT driver name if is has not - already been installed?</p><p>The way of sidestepping this limitation is to require - that all Imprints printer driver packages include both the Intel - Windows NT and 95/98 printer drivers and that NT driver is - installed first.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2869340"></a>Diagnosis</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2869347"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with -Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB -client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse -see the examples/printing directory. -</p><p> -Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first -thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any -printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client -and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC -then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command -you use is up to you. -</p><p> -The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most -relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page) -are: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [global] - print command - send a file to a spooler - lpq command - get spool queue status - lprm command - remove a job - [printers] - path = /var/spool/lpd/samba -</pre><p> -The following are nice to know about: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue - queueresume command - start a printer or print queue -</pre><p> -Example: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s - lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s - lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j - queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop - queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start -</pre><p> -Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your -system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you -have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should -always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have -the correct PATH values. -</p><p> -When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary -copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section. -and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option -requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If -printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory, -and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq -command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job -by the spooler. -</p><p> -The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate -values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool -file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the -printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from -the lpq output. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870552"></a>Debugging printer problems</h3></div></div><p> -One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these -command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents -of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might -be: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s - - #!/bin/saveprint - # we make sure that we are the right user - /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print - # we run the command and save the error messages - # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system - /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print -</pre><p> -Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the -print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status -and remove the job: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - -h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi -h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4 -added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 -Password: -Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7] -smb: \> print /tmp/hi -putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s) -smb: \> queue -1049 3 hi-17534 -smb: \> cancel 1049 -Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0 -smb: \> cancel 1049 -Job 1049 cancelled -smb: \> queue -smb: \> exit -</pre><p> -The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment -by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this. -You can observe the command output and then and look at the -/tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly -find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people -have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on -various print queues. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870619"></a>What printers do I have?</h3></div></div><p> -You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer -name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can -use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - testprns printer /etc/printcap -</pre><p> -Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. -You can try the following to see the format of the extracted -information: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - testprns -a printer /etc/printcap - - testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap' -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870661"></a>Setting up printcap and print servers</h3></div></div><p> -You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. -It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by -the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information. -</p><p> -Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap -information. This printcap information has the format: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:... -</pre><p> -For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed -only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also -allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the -printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment' -about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines -to extend the printcap to multiple lines. -</p><p> -Here are some examples of printcap files: -</p><p> -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -pr just printer name -</p></li><li><p> -pr|alias printer name and alias -</p></li><li><p> -pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment -</p></li><li><p> -pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing - :cm= \ - testing -</p></li><li><p> -pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing - :cm= testing -</p></li></ol></div><p> -</p><p> -Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make -changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. -The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this. -</p></li><li><p> -make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the -correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f' -command to do this. -</p></li><li><p> -You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have -it reread the printcap information. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2870795"></a>Job sent, no output</h3></div></div><p> -This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the -job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around -the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer. -</p><p> -First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the -right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler, -you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be -submitted, but they will not be printed. Use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - lpc -Pprinter stop -</pre><p> -Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the -job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then -you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing. -</p><p> -Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really -was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view -the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these -are not in what you would expect to call a printable format. -You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job -format actually is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs - ls # find job files - file dfA001myhost -</pre><p> -You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that -your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will -convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2871344"></a>Job sent, strange output</h3></div></div><p> -Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about -making it print nicely. -</p><p> -The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages -OR blank pages at the end. -</p><p> -If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the -printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners. -If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner -page) option. You should have the following in your printer. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - printer: ... :sh -</pre><p> -If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there -is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you -automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled -for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software -or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer. -</p><p> -If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems -with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs, -incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client. -For example, under Win95 there is a option: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced| -</pre><p> -that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. -This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will -automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as -PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2871420"></a>Raw PostScript printed</h3></div></div><p> -This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling -system putting information at the start of the print job that makes -the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply -does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic -Format Detection' on your printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2871438"></a>Advanced Printing</h3></div></div><p> -Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your -imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. -Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print -command shell script. You could even make the print command detect -the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate -printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2871464"></a>Real debugging</h3></div></div><p> -If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in -the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="CUPS-printing"></a>Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Kurt Pfeifle</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:kpfeifle@danka.de">kpfeifle@danka.de</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (25 March 2003) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2871008">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871067">Configuring smb.conf for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871607">CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2871091">CUPS as a network PostScript RIP</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872272">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872314">Setting up CUPS for driver download</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872401">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872566">cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872915">The CUPS Filter Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2873302">CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2873339">Further printing steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2873758">Limiting the number of pages users can print</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874367">Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874473">Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2871008"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) has become very popular, but to many it is -a very mystical tool. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding CUPS and how -it works. The result is seen in a large number of posting on the samba mailing lists -expressing frustration when MS Windows printers appear not to work with a CUPS -backr-end. -</p><p> -This is a good time to point out how CUPS can be used and what it does. CUPS is more -than just a print spooling system - it is a complete printer management system that -complies with HTTP and IPP protocols. It can be managed remotely via a web browser -and it can print using http and ipp protocols. -</p><p> -CUPS allows to creation of RAW printers (ie: NO file format translation) as well as -SMART printers (ie: CUPS does file format conversion as required for the printer). In -many ways this gives CUPS similar capabilities to the MS Windows print monitoring -system. Of course, if you are a CUPS advocate, you would agrue that CUPS is better! -In any case, let us now move on to explore how one may configure CUPS for interfacing -with MS Windows print clients via Samba. -</p><p> -<a href="http://www.cups.org/" target="_top">CUPS</a> is a newcomer in the UNIX printing scene, -which has convinced many people upon first trial already. However, it has quite a few -new features, which make it different from other, more traditional printing systems. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2871067"></a>Configuring <tt>smb.conf</tt> for CUPS</h2></div></div><p> -Printing with CUPS in the most basic <tt>smb.conf</tt> -setup in Samba-3 only needs two settings: <b>printing = cups</b> and -<b>printcap = cups</b>. While CUPS itself doesn't need a printcap -anymore, the <tt>cupsd.conf</tt> configuration file knows two directives -(example: <b>Printcap /etc/printcap</b> and <b>PrintcapFormat -BSD</b>), which control if such a file should be created for the -convenience of third party applications. Make sure it is set! For details see -<b>man cupsd.conf</b> and other CUPS-related documentation. -</p><p> -If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then <b>printcap = cups</b> uses the -CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V commands -with an additional <i><tt>-oraw</tt></i> option for printing. On a Linux system, -you can use the <b>ldd</b> command to find out details (ldd may not be -present on other OS platforms, or its function may be embodied by a different command): -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting">transmeta:/home/kurt # ldd `which smbd` - libssl.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.6 (0x4002d000) - libcrypto.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.6 (0x4005a000) - libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x40123000) - libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x401e8000) - libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x401ec000) - libpam.so.0 => /lib/libpam.so.0 (0x40202000) - libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4020b000) - /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000) -</pre><p> -The line "libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 -(0x40123000)" shows there is CUPS support compiled into this version of -Samba. If this is the case, and <b>printing = cups</b> is set, then any -otherwise manually set print command in <tt>smb.conf</tt> is ignored. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2871607"></a>CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</h2></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -When used in raw print through mode is will be necessary to use the printer -vendor's drivers in each Windows client PC. -</p></div><p> -When CUPS printers are configured for RAW print-through mode operation it is the -responsibility of the Samba client to fully render the print job (file) in a format -that is suitable for direct delivery to the printer. In this case CUPS will NOT -do any print file format conversion work. -</p><p> -The CUPS files that need to be correctly set for RAW mode printers to work are: - -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>/etc/cups/mime.types</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/cups/mime.convs</tt></p></li></ul></div><p> - -Both contain entries that must be uncommented to allow <span class="emphasis"><em>RAW</em></span> mode -operation. -</p><p> -Firstly, to enable CUPS based printing from Samba the following options must be -enabled in your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file [globals] section: - -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>printing = CUPS</p></li><li><p>printcap = CUPS</p></li></ul></div><p> - -When these parameters are specified the print directives in <tt>smb.conf</tt> (as well as in -samba itself) will be ignored because samba will directly interface with CUPS through -it's application program interface (API) - so long as Samba has been compiled with -CUPS library (libcups) support. If samba has NOT been compiled with CUPS support then -printing will use the System V AT&T command set with the <span class="emphasis"><em>-oraw</em></span> -option automatically passing through. -</p><p> -Cupsomatic (an enhanced printing utility that is part of some CUPS implementations) -on the Samba/CUPS server does *not* add any features if a file is really -printed "raw". However, if you have loaded the driver for the Windows client from -the CUPS server, using the "cupsaddsmb" utility, and if this driver is one using -a "Foomatic" PPD, the PJL header in question is already added on the Windows client, -at the time when the driver initially generated the PostScript data and CUPS in true -"-oraw" manner doesn't remove this PJL header and passes the file "as is" to its -printer communication backend. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>NOTE: editing in the "mime.convs" and the "mime.types" file does not *enforce* -"raw" printing, it only *allows* it.</p></div><p> -Print files that arrive from MS Windows printing are "auto-typed" by CUPS. This aids -the process of determining proper treatment while in the print queue system. - -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Files generated by PCL drivers and directed at PCK printers get auto-typed as - <tt>application/octet-stream</tt>. Unknown file format types also - get auto-typed with this tag. - </p></li><li><p> - Files generated by a Postscript driver and directed at a Postscript printer - are auto-typed depending on the auto-detected most suitable MIME type as: - - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="circle"><li><p>* application/postscript</p></li><li><p>* application/vnd.cups-postscript</p></li></ul></div><p> - </p></li></ul></div><p> -</p><p> -"application/postscript" first goes thru the "pstops" filter (where the page counting -and accounting takes place). The outcome will be of MIME type -"application/vnd.cups-postscript". The pstopsfilter reads and uses information from -the PPD and inserts user-provided options into the PostScript file. As a consequence, -the filtered file could possibly have an unwanted PJL header. -</p><p> -"application/postscript" will be all files with a ".ps", ".ai", ".eps" suffix or which -have as their first character string one of "%!" or ">04<%". -</p><p> -"application/vnd.cups-postscript" will files which contain the string -"LANGUAGE=POSTSCRIPT" (or similar variations with different capitalization) in the -first 512 bytes, and also contain the "PJL super escape code" in the first 128 bytes -(">1B<%-12345X"). Very likely, most PostScript files generated on Windows using a CUPS -or other PPD, will have to be auto-typed as "vnd.cups-postscript". A file produced -with a "Generic PostScript driver" will just be tagged "application/postscript". -</p><p> -Once the file is in "application/vnd.cups-postscript" format, either "pstoraster" -or "cupsomatic" will take over (depending on the printer configuration, as -determined by the PPD in use). -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -A printer queue with *no* PPD associated to it is a "raw" printer and all files -will go directly there as received by the spooler. The exeptions are file types -"application/octet-stream" which need "passthrough feature" enabled. -"Raw" queues don't do any filtering at all, they hand the file directly to the -CUPS backend. This backend is responsible for the sending of the data to the device -(as in the "device URI" notation as lpd://, socket://, smb://, ipp://, http://, -parallel:/, serial:/, usb:/ etc.) -</p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -"cupsomatic"/Foomatic are *not* native CUPS drivers and they don't ship with CUPS. -They are a Third Party add-on, developed at Linuxprinting.org. As such, they are -a brilliant hack to make all models (driven by Ghostscript drivers/filters in -traditional spoolers) also work via CUPS, with the same (good or bad!) quality -as in these other spoolers. "cupsomatic" is only a vehicle to execute a ghostscript -commandline at that stage in the CUPS filtering chain, where "normally" the native -CUPS "pstoraster" filter would kick in. cupsomatic by-passes pstoraster, "kidnaps" -the printfile from CUPS away and re-directs it to go through Ghostscipt. CUPS accepts this, -because the associated CUPS-O-Matic-/Foomatic-PPD specifies: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - *cupsFilter: "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 cupsomatic" -</pre><p> -This line persuades CUPS to hand the file to cupsomatic, once it has successfully -converted it to the MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript". This conversion will not -happen for Jobs arriving from Windows which are auto-typed "application/octet-stream", -with the according changes in "/etc/cups/mime.types" in place. -</p></div><p> -CUPS is widely configurable and flexible, even regarding its filtering mechanism. -Another workaround in some situations would be to have -in "/etc/cups/mime.types" entries as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - application/postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - - application/vnd.cups-postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - -</pre><p> -This would prevent all Postscript files from being filtered (rather, they will go -thru the virtual "nullfilter" denoted with "-"). This could only be useful for -PS printers. If you want to print PS code on non-PS printers an entry as follows -could be useful: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - */* application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - -</pre><p> -and would effectively send *all* files to the backend without further processing. -</p><p> -Lastly, you could have the following entry: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - application/vnd.cups-postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 my_PJL_stripping_filter -</pre><p> -You will need to write a "my_PJL_stripping_filter" (could be a shellscript) that -parses the PostScript and removes the unwanted PJL. This would need to conform to -CUPS filter design (mainly, receive and pass the parameters printername, job-id, -username, jobtitle, copies, print options and possibly the filename). It would -be installed as world executable into "/usr/lib/cups/filters/" and will be called -by CUPS if it encounters a MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript". -</p><p> -CUPS can handle "-o job-hold-until=indefinite". This keeps the job in the queue -"on hold". It will only be printed upon manual release by the printer operator. -This is a requirement in many "central reproduction departments", where a few -operators manage the jobs of hundreds of users on some big machine, where no -user is allowed to have direct access. (The operators often need to load the -proper paper type before running the 10.000 page job requested by marketing -for the mailing, etc.). -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2871091"></a>CUPS as a network PostScript RIP</h2></div></div><p> -This is the configuration where CUPS drivers are working on server, and where the -Adobe PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs is downloaded to clients. -</p><p> -CUPS is perfectly able to use PPD files (PostScript -Printer Descriptions). PPDs can control all print device options. They -are usually provided by the manufacturer -- if you own a PostSript printer, -that is. PPD files are always a component of PostScript printer drivers on MS -Windows or Apple Mac OS systems. They are ASCII files containing -user-selectable print options, mapped to appropriate PostScript, PCL or PJL -commands for the target printer. Printer driver GUI dialogs translate these -options "on-the-fly" into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to -select. -</p><p> -CUPS can load, without any conversions, the PPD file from -any Windows (NT is recommended) PostScript driver and handle the options. -There is a web browser interface to the print options (select -http://localhost:631/printers/ and click on one "Configure Printer" button -to see it), a commandline interface (see <b>man lpoptions</b> or -try if you have <b>lphelp</b> on your system) plus some different GUI frontends on Linux -UNIX, which can present PPD options to the users. PPD options are normally -meant to become evaluated by the PostScript RIP on the real PostScript -printer. -</p><p> -CUPS doesn't stop at "real" PostScript printers in its -usage of PPDs. The CUPS developers have extended the PPD concept, to also -describe available device and driver options for non-PostScript printers -through CUPS-PPDs. -</p><p> -This is logical, as CUPS includes a fully featured -PostScript interpreter (RIP). This RIP is based on Ghostscript. It can -process all received PostScript (and additionally many other file formats) -from clients. All CUPS-PPDs geared to non-PostScript printers contain an -additional line, starting with the keyword <i><tt>*cupsFilter</tt></i>. -This line -tells the CUPS print system which printer-specific filter to use for the -interpretation of the accompanying PostScript. Thus CUPS lets all its -printers appear as PostScript devices to its clients, because it can act as a -PostScript RIP for those printers, processing the received PostScript code -into a proper raster print format. -</p><p> -CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows-Clients, on top of a -PostScript driver (recommended is the Adobe one). -</p><p> -This feature enables CUPS to do a few tricks no other -spooler can do: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>act as a networked PostScript RIP (Raster Image Processor), handling - printfiles from all client platforms in a uniform way;</p></li><li><p>act as a central accounting and billing server, as all files are passed - through the <b>pstops</b> Filter and are therefor logged in - the CUPS <tt>page_log</tt>. - <span class="emphasis"><em>NOTE: </em></span>this - can not happen with "raw" print jobs, which always remain unfiltered - per definition;</p></li><li><p>enable clients to consolidate on a single PostScript driver, even for - many different target printers.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2872272"></a>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</h2></div></div><p> -This setup may be of special interest to people -experiencing major problems in WTS environments. WTS need often a multitude -of non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of -different printer models. This often imposes the price of much increased -instability. In many cases, in an attempt to overcome this problem, site -administrators have resorted to restrict the allowed drivers installed on -their WTS to one generic PCL- and one PostScript driver. This however -restricts the clients in the amount of printer options available for them -- -often they can't get out more then simplex prints from one standard paper -tray, while their devices could do much better, if driven by a different -driver! -</p><p> -Using an Adobe PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD, -seems to be a very elegant way to overcome all these shortcomings. The -PostScript driver is not known to cause major stability problems on WTS (even -if used with many different PPDs). The clients will be able to (again) chose -paper trays, duplex printing and other settings. However, there is a certain -price for this too: a CUPS server acting as a PostScript RIP for its clients -requires more CPU and RAM than just to act as a "raw spooling" device. Plus, -this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks look very -promising... -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2872314"></a>Setting up CUPS for driver download</h2></div></div><p> -The <b>cupsadsmb</b> utility (shipped with all current -CUPS versions) makes the sharing of any (or all) installed CUPS printers very -easy. Prior to using it, you need the following settings in <tt>smb.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting">[global] - load printers = yes - printing = cups - printcap name = cups - - [printers] - comment = All Printers - path = /var/spool/samba - browseable = no - public = yes - guest ok = yes - writable = no - printable = yes - printer admin = root - - [print$] - comment = Printer Drivers - path = /etc/samba/drivers - browseable = yes - guest ok = no - read only = yes - write list = root - </pre><p> -For licensing reasons the necessary files of the Adobe -Postscript driver can not be distributed with either Samba or CUPS. You need -to download them yourself from the Adobe website. Once extracted, create a -<tt>drivers</tt> directory in the CUPS data directory (usually -<tt>/usr/share/cups/</tt>). Copy the Adobe files using -UPPERCASE filenames, to this directory as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - ADFONTS.MFM - ADOBEPS4.DRV - ADOBEPS4.HLP - ADOBEPS5.DLL - ADOBEPSU.DLL - ADOBEPSU.HLP - DEFPRTR2.PPD - ICONLIB.DLL - </pre><p> -Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install -their "Samba Drivers" package for this purpose with no problem. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2872401"></a>Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</h2></div></div><p> -On the internet you can find now many thousand CUPS-PPD -files (with their companion filters), in many national languages, -supporting more than 1.000 non-PostScript models. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/" target="_top">ESP PrintPro - (http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/)</a> - (commercial, non-Free) is packaged with more than 3.000 PPDs, ready for - successful usage "out of the box" on Linux, IBM-AIX, HP-UX, Sun-Solaris, - SGI-IRIX, Compaq Tru64, Digital Unix and some more commercial Unices (it - is written by the CUPS developers themselves and its sales help finance - the further development of CUPS, as they feed their creators)</p></li><li><p>the <a href="http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">Gimp-Print-Project - (http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/)</a> - (GPL, Free Software) provides around 120 PPDs (supporting nearly 300 - printers, many driven to photo quality output), to be used alongside the - Gimp-Print CUPS filters;</p></li><li><p><a href="http://www.turboprint.com/" target="_top">TurboPrint - (http://www.turboprint.com/)</a> - (Shareware, non-Freee) supports roughly the same amount of printers in - excellent quality;</p></li><li><p><a href="http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/" target="_top">OMNI - (http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/)</a> - (LPGL, Free) is a package made by IBM, now containing support for more - than 400 printers, stemming from the inheritance of IBM OS/2 KnowHow - ported over to Linux (CUPS support is in a Beta-stage at present);</p></li><li><p><a href="http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/" target="_top">HPIJS - (http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/)</a> - (BSD-style licnes, Free) supports around 120 of HP's own printers and is - also providing excellent print quality now;</p></li><li><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" target="_top">Foomatic/cupsomatic (http://www.linuxprinting.org/)</a> - (LPGL, Free) from Linuxprinting.org are providing PPDs for practically every - Ghostscript filter known to the world, now usable with CUPS.</p></li></ul></div><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>NOTE: </em></span>the cupsomatic trick from Linuxprinting.org is -working different from the other drivers. While the other drivers take the -generic CUPS raster (produced by CUPS' own pstoraster PostScript RIP) as -their input, cupsomatic "kidnaps" the PostScript inside CUPS, before -RIP-ping, deviates it to an external Ghostscript installation (which now -becomes the RIP) and gives it back to a CUPS backend once Ghostscript is -finished. -- CUPS versions from 1.1.15 and later will provide their pstoraster -PostScript RIP function again inside a system-wide Ghostscript -installation rather than in "their own" pstoraster filter. (This -CUPS-enabling Ghostscript version may be installed either as a -patch to GNU or AFPL Ghostscript, or as a complete ESP Ghostscript package). -However, this will not change the cupsomatic approach of guiding the printjob -along a different path through the filtering system than the standard CUPS -way... -</p><p> -Once you installed a printer inside CUPS with one of the -recommended methods (the lpadmin command, the web browser interface or one of -the available GUI wizards), you can use <b>cupsaddsmb</b> to share the -printer via Samba. <b>cupsaddsmb</b> prepares the driver files for -comfortable client download and installation upon their first contact with -this printer share. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2872566"></a><b>cupsaddsmb</b></h3></div></div><p> -The <b>cupsaddsmb</b> command copies the needed files -for convenient Windows client installations from the previously prepared CUPS -data directory to your [print$] share. Additionally, the PPD -associated with this printer is copied from <tt>/etc/cups/ppd/</tt> to -[print$]. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>root# </tt> <b>cupsaddsmb -U root infotec_IS2027</b> -Password for root required to access localhost via -SAMBA: <b><tt>[type in password 'secret']</tt></b> -</pre><p> -To share all printers and drivers, use the <i><tt>-a</tt></i> -parameter instead of a printer name. -</p><p> -Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the -<i><tt>-v</tt></i> parameter to get a more verbose output: -</p><p> -Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the -<i><tt>-v</tt></i> parameter to get a more verbose output: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Note: The following line shave been wrapped so that information is not lost. - -<tt>root# </tt> cupsaddsmb -v -U root infotec_IS2027 - Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: - Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir W32X86;put - /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ - ADOBEPS5.DLL W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLLr - W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP' - added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 - added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] - NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \W32X86 - putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as - \W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD (17394.6 kb/s) (average 17395.2 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS5.DLL as - \W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL (10877.4 kb/s) (average 11343.0 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLL as - \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL (5095.2 kb/s) (average 9260.4 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP as - \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP (8828.7 kb/s) (average 9247.1 kb/s) - - Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir WIN40;put - /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL WIN40/PSMON.DLL;' - added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 - added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] - NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \WIN40 - putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as - \WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD (26091.5 kb/s) (average 26092.8 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM as - \WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM (11241.6 kb/s) (average 11812.9 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV as - \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV (16640.6 kb/s) (average 14679.3 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP as - \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP (11285.6 kb/s) (average 14281.5 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD as - \WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD (823.5 kb/s) (average 12944.0 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL as - \WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL (19226.2 kb/s) (average 13169.7 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL as - \WIN40/PSMON.DLL (18666.1 kb/s) (average 13266.7 kb/s) - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' - -c 'adddriver "Windows NT x86" - "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL: - ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL"' - cmd = adddriver "Windows NT x86" - "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL: - ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL" - Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' - -c 'adddriver "Windows 4.0" - "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL: - ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW: ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL"' - cmd = adddriver "Windows 4.0" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV: - infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL:ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW: - ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL" - Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' - -c 'setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027' - cmd = setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027 - Succesfully set infotec_IS2027 to driver infotec_IS2027. - - <tt>root# </tt> -</pre><p> -If you look closely, you'll discover your root password was transfered unencrypted over -the wire, so beware! Also, if you look further her, you'll discover error messages like -<tt>NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION</tt> in between. They occur, because -the directories <tt>WIN40</tt> and <tt>W32X86</tt> already -existed in the [print$] driver download share (from a previous driver -installation). They are harmless here. -</p><p> -Now your printer is prepared for the clients to use. From -a client, browse to the CUPS/Samba server, open the "Printers" -share, right-click on this printer and select "Install..." or -"Connect..." (depending on the Windows version you use). Now their -should be a new printer in your client's local "Printers" folder, -named (in my case) "infotec_IS2027 on kdebitshop" -</p><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>NOTE: </em></span> -<b>cupsaddsmb</b> will only reliably work i -with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher -and Samba from 2.2.4. If it doesn't work, or if the automatic printer -driver download to the clients doesn't succeed, you can still manually -install the CUPS printer PPD on top of the Adobe PostScript driver on -clients and then point the client's printer queue to the Samba printer -share for connection, should you desire to use the CUPS networked -PostScript RIP functions. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2872915"></a>The CUPS Filter Chains</h2></div></div><p> -The following diagrams reveal how CUPS handles print jobs. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# CUPS in and of itself has this (general) filter chain (CAPITAL -# letters are FILE-FORMATS or MIME types, other are filters (this is -# true for pre-1.1.15 of pre-4.3 versions of CUPS and ESP PrintPro): -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstoraster # as shipped with CUPS, independent from any Ghostscipt -# | # installation on the system -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here) -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# ESP PrintPro has some enhanced "rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i>" filters as compared to -# CUPS, and also a somewhat improved "pstoraster" filter. -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -######################################################################### -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# This is how "cupsomatic" comes into play: -# ========================================= -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+ -# | | -# | V -# V cupsomatic -# pstoraster (constructs complicated -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") Ghostscript commandline -# | to let the file be -# V processed by a -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER "-sDEVICE=<i><tt>s.th.</tt></i>" -# | call...) -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> V -# | (= "raster driver") +-------------------------+ -# | | Ghostscript at work.... | -# V | | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC *-------------------------+ -# | | -# | | -# V | -# backend >------------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# THE PRINTER -# -# -# Note, that cupsomatic "kidnaps" the printfile after the -# "APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRPT" stage and deviates it through -# the CUPS-external, systemwide Ghostscript installation, bypassing the -# "pstoraster" filter (therefor also bypassing the CUPS-raster-drivers -# "rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i>", and hands the rasterized file directly to the CUPS -# backend... -# -# cupsomatic is not made by the CUPS developers. It is an independent -# contribution to printing development, made by people from -# Linuxprinting.org. (see also http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html) -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -######################################################################### -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for ESP PrintPro from 4.3: -# =================================================== -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# gsrip -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here) -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -######################################################################### -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# This is how "cupsomatic" would come into play with ESP PrintPro: -# ================================================================ -# -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+ -# | | -# | V -# V cupsomatic -# gsrip (constructs complicated -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") Ghostscript commandline -# | to let the file be -# V processed by a -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER "-sDEVICE=<i><tt>s.th.</tt></i>" -# | call...) -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> V -# | (= "raster driver") +-------------------------+ -# | | Ghostscript at work.... | -# V | | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC *-------------------------+ -# | | -# | | -# V | -# backend >------------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# THE PRINTER -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -######################################################################### -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15: -# ============================================== -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+ -# | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | Ghostscript | -# | at work... | -# | (with | -# | "-sDEVICE=cups") | -# | | -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") | -# | | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER >-------+ -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# NOTE: since version 1.1.15 CUPS "outsourced" the pstoraster process to -# Ghostscript. GNU Ghostscript needs to be patched to handle the -# CUPS requirement; ESP Ghostscript has this builtin. In any case, -# "gs -h" needs to show up a "cups" device. pstoraster is now a -# calling an appropriate "gs -sDEVICE=cups..." commandline to do -# the job. It will output "application/vnd.cup-raster", which will -# be finally processed by a CUPS raster driver "rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i>" -# Note the difference to "cupsomatic", which will *not* output -# CUPS-raster, but a final version of the printfile, ready to be -# sent to the printer. cupsomatic also doesn't use the "cups" -# devicemode in Ghostscript, but one of the classical devicemodes.... -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -######################################################################### -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15, with cupsomatic included: -# ======================================================================== -# -# <i><tt>SOMETHNG</tt></i>-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <i><tt>something</tt></i>tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+ -# | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | Ghostscript . Ghostscript at work.... | -# | at work... . (with "-sDEVICE= | -# | (with . <i><tt>s.th.</tt></i>" | -# | "-sDEVICE=cups") . | -# | . | -# | (CUPS standard) . (cupsomatic) | -# | . | -# | (= "postscript interpreter") | -# | . | -# +------------------v--------------v---------------+ -# | | -# | | -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER >-------+ | -# | | -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> | -# | (= "raster driver") | -# | | -# V | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC >------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<i><tt>something</tt></i> is noted. -# -########################################################################## -</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2873302"></a>CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</h2></div></div><p> -CUPS ships with good support for HP LaserJet type printers. You can install -the driver as follows: - -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd - </p></li></ul></div><p> - -(The "-m" switch will retrieve the "laserjet.ppd" from the standard repository -for not-yet-installed-PPDs, which CUPS typically stores in -<tt>/usr/share/cups/model</tt>. Alternatively, you may use -"-P /absolute/filesystem/path/to/where/there/is/PPD/your.ppd"). -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2873339"></a>Further printing steps</h3></div></div><p> -Always also consult the database on linuxprinting.org for all recommendations -about which driver is best used for each printer: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi</a></p><p> -There select your model and click on "Show". You'll arrive at a page listing -all drivers working with your model. There will always be *one* -<span class="emphasis"><em>recommended</em></span> one. Try this one first. In your case -("HP LaserJet 4 Plus"), you'll arrive here: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104</a></p><p> -The recommended driver is "ljet4". It has a link to the page for the ljet4 -driver too: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4</a></p><p> -On the driver's page, you'll find important and detailed info about how to use -that driver within the various available spoolers. You can generate a PPD for -CUPS. The PPD contains all the info about how to use your model and the driver; -this is, once installed, working transparently for the user -- you'll only -need to choose resolution, paper size etc. from the web-based menu or from -the print dialog GUI or from the commandline... -</p><p> -On the driver's page, choose to use the "PPD-O-Matic" online PPD generator -program. Select your model and click "Generate PPD file". When you safe the -appearing ASCII text file, don't use "cut'n'past" (as it could possiblly corrupt -line endings and tabs), but use "Save as..." in your browser's menu. Save it -at "/some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd" -</p><p> -Then install the printer: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E \ - -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd" -</pre><p> -Note, that for all the "Foomatic-PPDs" from Linuxprinting.org, you also need -a special "CUPS filter" named "cupsomatic". Get the latest version of -"cupsomatic" from: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic</a></p><p> -This needs to be copied to <tt>/usr/lib/cups/filter/cupsomatic</tt> -and be made world executable. This filter is needed to read and act upon the -specially encoded Foomatic comments, embedded in the printfile, which in turn -are used to construct (transparently for you, the user) the complicated -ghostscript command line needed for your printer/driver combo. -</p><p> -You can have a look at all the options for the Ghostscript commandline supported -by your printer and the ljet4 driver by going to the section "Execution details", -selecting your model (Laserjet 4 Plus) and clicking on "Show execution details". -This will bring up this web page: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=75104&.submit=Show%2Bexecution%2Bdetails" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=75104&.submit=Show+execution+details</a></p><p> -The ingenious thing is that the database is kept current. If there -is a bug fix and an improvement somewhere in the database, you will -always get the most current and stable and feature-rich driver by following -the steps described above. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft is doing an excellent job here that too few -people are aware of. (So if you use it often, please send him a note showing -your appreciation).</p></div><p> -The latest and greatest improvement now is support for "custom page sizes" -for all those printers which support it. -</p><p> -"cupsomatic" is documented here: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html</a></p><p> -More printing tutorial info may be found here: -</p><p><a href="http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/" target="_top">http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/</a></p><p> -Note, that *all* the Foomatic drivers listed on Linuxprinting.org (now -approaching the "all-time high" number of 1.000 for the supported models) -are using a special filtering chain involving Ghostscript, as described -in this document. -</p><p> -Summary - You need: -</p><p> -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>A "foomatic+<i><tt>something</tt></i>" PPD is not enough to print with CUPS (but it is *one* important component)</td></tr><tr><td>The "cupsomatic" filter script (Perl) in <tt>/usr/lib/cups/filters/</tt></td></tr><tr><td>Perl to make cupsomatic run</td></tr><tr><td>Ghostscript (because it is called and controlled by the PPD/cupsomatic combo in a way to fit your printermodel/driver combo.</td></tr><tr><td>Ghostscript *must*, depending on the driver/model, contain support for a certain "device" (as shown by "gs -h")</td></tr></table><p> -</p><p> -In the case of the "hpijs" driver, you need a Ghostscript version, which -has "ijs" amongst its supported devices in "gs -h". In the case of -"hpijs+foomatic", a valid ghostscript commandline would be reading like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ijs \ - -sIjsServer=hpijs<i><tt>PageSize</tt></i> -dDuplex=<i><tt>Duplex</tt></i> <i><tt>Model</tt></i> \ - -r<i><tt>Resolution</tt></i>,PS:MediaPosition=<i><tt>InputSlot</tt></i> -dIjsUseOutputFD \ - -sOutputFile=- - -</pre><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Note, that with CUPS and the "hpijs+foomatic" PPD (plus Perl and cupsomatic) -you don't need to remember this. You can choose the available print options -thru a GUI print command (like "glp" from ESP's commercially supported -PrintPro software, or KDE's "kprinter", or GNOME's "gtklp" or the independent -"xpp") or the CUPS web interface via human-readable drop-down selection -menus. -</p></div><p> -If you use "ESP Ghostscript" (also under the GPL, provided by Easy Software -Products, the makers of CUPS, downloadable from -<a href="http://www.cups.org/software.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/software.html</a>, -co-maintained by the developers of linuxprinting.org), you are guaranteed to -have in use the most uptodate, bug-fixed, enhanced and stable version of a Free -Ghostscript. It contains support for ~300 devices, whereas plain vanilla -GNU Ghostscript 7.05 only has ~200. -</p><p> -If you print only one CUPS test page, from the web interface and when you try to -print a windows test page, it acts like the job was never sent: - -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Can you print "standard" jobs from the CUPS machine?</td></tr><tr><td>Are the jobs from Windows visible in the Web interface on CUPS (http://localhost:631/)?</td></tr><tr><td><span class="emphasis"><em>Most important:</em></span> What kind of printer driver are you using on the Windows clients?</td></tr></table><p> - -You can try to get a more detailed debugging info by setting "LogLevel debug" in -<tt>/etc/cups/cupsd.conf</tt>, re-start cupsd and investigate <tt>/var/log/cups/error_log</tt> -for the whereabouts of your Windows-originating printjobs: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>what does the "auto-typing" line say? which is the "MIME type" CUPS thinks is arriving from the Windows clients?</td></tr><tr><td>are there "filter" available for this MIME type?</td></tr><tr><td>are there "filter rules" defined in "/etc/cups/mime.convs" for this MIME type?</td></tr></table></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2873758"></a>Limiting the number of pages users can print</h2></div></div><p> -The feature you want is dependent on the real print subsystem you're using. -Samba's part is always to receive the job files from the clients (filtered -*or* unfiltered) and hand it over to this printing subsystem. -</p><p> -Of course one could "hack" things with one's own scripts. -</p><p> -But there is CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). CUPS supports "quotas". -Quotas can be based on sizes of jobs or on the number of pages or both, -and are spanning any time period you want. -</p><p> -This is an example command how root would set a print quota in CUPS, -assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter": -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 \ - -o job-page-limit=100 -</pre><p> -This would limit every single user to print 100 pages or 1024 KB of -data (whichever comes first) within the last 604.800 seconds ( = 1 week). -</p><p> -For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS "pstops" filter, -otherwise it uses a "dummy" count of "1". Some printfiles don't pass it -(eg: image files) but then those are mostly 1 page jobs anyway. This also means, -proprietary drivers for the target printer running on the client computers and -CUPS/Samba then spooling these files as "raw" (i.e. leaving them untouched, not -filtering them), will be counted as "1-pagers" too! -</p><p> -You need to send PostScript from the clients (i.e. run a PostScript driver there) -for having the chance to get accounting done. If the printer is a non-PostScript model, -you need to let CUPS do the job to convert the file to a print-ready format for the -target printer. This will be working for currently ~1.000 different printer models, see -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi -</pre><p> -Before CUPS-1.1.16 your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript -Driver on the Windows clients. The output of this driver was not always -passed thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and therefor was -not counted correctly (the reason is that it often --- depending on the -"PPD" being used --- did write a "PJL"-header in front of the real -PostScript which made CUPS to skip the pstops and go directy to -the "pstoraster" stage). -</p><p> -From CUPS-1.1.16 onward you can use the "CUPS PostScript Driver -for Windows NT/2K/XP clients" (it is tagged in the download area of -http://www.cups.org/ as the "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz" package). -It is *not* working for Win9x/ME clients. But it: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>it guarantees to not write an PJL-header</td></tr><tr><td>it guarantees to still read and support all PJL-options named in the driver PPD with its own means</td></tr><tr><td>it guarantees the file going thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba server</td></tr><tr><td>it guarantees to page-count correctly the printfile</td></tr></table><p> -You can read more about the setup of this combination in the -manpage for "cupsaddsmb" (only present with CUPS installed, only -current with CUPS 1.1.16). -</p><p> -These are the items CUPS logs in the "page_log" for every single *page* of a job: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Printer name</td></tr><tr><td>User name</td></tr><tr><td>Job ID</td></tr><tr><td>Time of printing</td></tr><tr><td>the page number</td></tr><tr><td>the number of copies</td></tr><tr><td>a billing info string (optional)</td></tr></table><p> -</p><p> -Here is an extract of my CUPS server's page_log file to illustrate -the format and included items: -</p><p><tt> - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 1 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 2 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 3 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 4 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 5 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 6 2 #marketing -</tt></p><p> -This was Job ID "40", printed on "infotec_IS2027" by user "kurt", a 6-page job -printed in 2 copies and billed to "#marketing"... -</p><p> -What flaws or shortcomings are there? -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>the ones named above</td></tr><tr><td> - CUPS really counts the job pages being *processsed in software* - (going thru the "RIP") rather than the physical sheets successfully - leaving the printing device -- if there is a jam while printing - the 5th sheet out of 1000 and the job is aborted by the printer, - the "page count" will still show the figure of 1000 for that job - </td></tr><tr><td> - all quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility to give the - boss a higher quota than the clerk) no support for groups - </td></tr><tr><td> - no means to read out the current balance or "used-up" number of current quota - </td></tr><tr><td> - a user having used up 99 sheets of 100 quota will still be able to send and print a 1.000 sheet job - </td></tr><tr><td> - a user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota doesn't get a meaningful - error message from CUPS other than "client-error-not-possible". - </td></tr></table><p> -But this is the best system out there currently. And there are -huge improvements under development: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>page counting will go into the "backends" (these talk - directly to the printer and will increase the count in sync with the - actual printing process -- a jam at the 5th sheet will lead to a stop in the counting)</td></tr><tr><td>quotas will be handled more flexibly</td></tr><tr><td>probably there will be support for users to inquire their "accounts" in advance</td></tr><tr><td>probably there will be support for some other tools around this topic</td></tr></table><p> -Other than the current stage of the CUPS development, I don't -know any other ready-to-use tool which you could consider. -</p><p> -You can download the driver files from -<a href="http://www.cups.org/software.html" target="_top">http://www.cups.org/software.html</a>. -It is a separate package from the CUPS base software files, tagged as "CUPS 1.1.16 -Windows NT/2k/XP Printer Driver for SAMBA (tar.gz, 192k)". The filename to -download is "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz". Upon untar-/unzip-ping it will reveal -the files: -</p><p> -<tt> - cups-samba.install - cups-samba.license - cups-samba.readme - cups-samba.remove - cups-samba.ss -</tt> -</p><p> -These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The -*.install and *.remove files are simple shell script, which untars the -*.ss (which is nothing else than a tar-archive) and puts its contents -into <tt>/usr/share/cups/drivers/</tt>. Its contents are 3 files: -</p><p> -<tt> - cupsdrvr.dll - cupsui.dll - cups.hlp -</tt> -</p><div class="caution" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Caution</h3><p> -Due to a bug one CUPS release puts the <tt>cups.hlp</tt> -into <tt>/usr/share/drivers/</tt> instead of -<tt>/usr/share/cups/drivers/</tt>. To work around this, copy/move -the file after running the "./cups-samba.install" script manually to the right place: -</p><p> -<b><tt> cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/ -</tt></b> - </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary-only, but free -no source code is provided (yet). The reason is this: it has -been developed with the help of the Microsoft Driver Developer Kit (DDK) -and compiled with Microsoft Visual Studio 6. It is not clear to the driver -developers if they are allowed to distribute the whole of the source code -as Free Software. However, they will likely release the "diff" in source -code under the GPL, so anybody with a license of Visual Studio and a DDK -will be able to compile for him/herself. -</p><p> -Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually moved the -"cups.hlp" file to "/usr/share/cups/drivers/"), the driver is ready to be -put into Samba's [print$] share (which often maps to "/etc/samba/drivers/" -and contains a subdir tree with WIN40 and W32X86 branches), by running -"cupsaddsmb" (see also "man cupsaddsmb" for CUPS 1.1.16). [Don't forget to -put root into the smbpasswd file by running "smbpasswd" should you run -this whole procedure for the first time.] Once the driver files are in the -[print$] share, they are ready to be downloaded and installed by the -Win NT/2k/XP clients. -</p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd - still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously. - </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from - previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory. - The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the - "newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers). - </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the - Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation - of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail - at first. - </p><p> - It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files - will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to - re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver - files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via - "Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click - onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A - new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select - the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button. - (This will only work if there is no single printer left which - uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers - using this driver in the "Printers" folder first.) - </p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver - to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one - by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO - Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer. - </p></div><p> -What are the benefits with the "CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP" -as compared to the Adobe drivers? -</p><p> -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td><p> - no hassle with the Adobe EULA - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - no hassle with the question "where do I get the ADOBE*.* driver files from?" - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the Adobe drivers (depending on the printer PPD associated with them) - often put a PJL header in front of the core PostScript part of the print - file (thus the file starts with "<i><tt>1B</tt></i>%-12345X" - or "<i><tt>escape</tt></i>%-12345X" - instead of "%!PS"). This leads to the CUPS daemon autotyping the - arriving file as a print-ready file, not requiring a pass thru the - "pstops" filter (to speak more technical, it is not regarded as the - generic MIME type "application/postscript", but as the more special - MIME type "application/cups.vnd-postscript"), which therefore also - leads to the page accounting in "/var/log/cups/page_log" not receiving - the exact mumber of pages; instead the dummy page number of "1" is - logged in a standard setup) - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the Adobe driver has more options to "mis-configure" the PostScript - generated by it (like setting it inadvertedly to "Optimize for Speed", - instead of "Optimize for Portability", which could lead to CUPS being - unable to process it) - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows clients to the CUPS - server will be guaranteed to be auto-typed as generic MIME type - "application/postscript", thusly passing thru the CUPS "pstops" filter - and logging the correct number of pages in the page_log for accounting - and quota purposes - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the CUPS PostScript driver supports the sending of additional print - options by the Win NT/2k/XP clients, such as naming the CUPS standard - banner pages (or the custom ones, should they be installed at the time - of driver download), using the CUPS "page-label" option, setting a - job-priority and setting the scheduled time of printing (with the option - to support additional useful IPP job attributes in the future). - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of the new - "*cupsJobTicket" comments at the beginnig of the PostScript file (which - could be used in the future for all sort of beneficial extensions on - the CUPS side, but which will not disturb any other application as those - will regard it as a comment and simply ignore it). - </p></td></tr><tr><td><p> - the CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the fully fledged CUPS - IPP client for Windows NT/2k/XP to be released soon (probably alongside - the first Beta release for CUPS 1.2). - </p></td></tr></table><p> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874367"></a>Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</h2></div></div><p> -Let the Windows Clients use a PostScript driver to deliver poistscript to -the samba print server (just like any Linux or Unix Client would also use -PostScript to send to the server) -</p><p> -Make the Unix printing subsystem to which Samba sends the job convert the -incoming PostScript files to the native print format of the target printers -(would be PCL if you have an HP printer) -</p><p> -Now if you are afraid that this would just mean using a *Generic* PostScript -driver for the clients that has no Simplex/Duplex selection, and no paper tray -choice, but you need them to be able to set up print jobs, with all the bells -and whistles of your printers:- -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Not possible with traditional spooling systems</td></tr><tr><td> - But perfectly supported by CUPS (which uses "PPD" files to - describe how to control the print options for PostScript and - non-PostScript devices alike... - </td></tr></table><p> -CUPS PPDs are working perfectly on Windows clients who use Adobe PostScript -drivers (or the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2K/XP). Clients can use -them to setup the job to their liking and CUPS will use the received job options -to make the (PCL-, ESC/P- or PostScript-) printer behave as required. -</p><p> -If you want to have the additional benefit of page count logging and accounting -then the CUPS PostScript driver is the best choice (better than the Adobe one). -</p><p> -If you want to make the drivers downloadable for the clients then "cupsaddsmb" is -your friend. It will setup the [print$] share on the Samba host to be ready to serve -the clients for a "point and print" driver installation. -</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>What strings are attached?</p></div><p> -There are some. But, given the sheer CPU power you can buy nowadays, -these can be overcome easily. The strings: -</p><p> -Well, if the CUPS/Samba side will have to print to many printers serving many users, -you probably will need to set up a second server (which can do automatic load balancing -with the first one, plus a degree of fail-over mechanism). Converting the incoming -PostScript jobs, "interpreting" them for non-PostScript printers, amounts to the work -of a "RIP" (Raster Image Processor) done in software. This requires more CPU and RAM -than for the mere "raw spooling" task your current setup is solving. It all depends -on the avarage and peak printing load the server should be able to handle. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874473"></a>Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</h2></div></div><p> -Samba print files pass thru two "spool" directories. One the incoming directory -managed by Samba, (set eg: in the <b>path = /var/spool/samba</b> directive in the [printers] -section of <tt>smb.conf</tt>). Second is the spool directory of your UNIX print subsystem. -For CUPS it is normally "/var/spool/cups/", as set by the cupsd.conf directive -"RequestRoot /var/spool/cups". -</p><p> -I am not sure, which one of your directories keeps the files. From what you say, -it is most likely the Samba part. -</p><p> -For the CUPS part, you may want to consult: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobFiles</td></tr><tr><td>http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobHistory</td></tr><tr><td>http://localhost:631/sam.html#MaxJobs</td></tr></table><p> -There are the settings described for your CUPS daemon, which could lead to completed -job files not being deleted. -</p><p> -"PreserveJobHistory Yes" -- keeps some details of jobs in -cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "c12345", "c12346" etc. files -in the CUPS spool directory, which do a similar job as the -old-fashioned BSD-LPD control files). This is set to "Yes" -as a default. -</p><p> -"PreserveJobFiles Yes" -- keeps the job files themselves in -cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "d12345", "d12346" etc. files -in the CUPS spool directory...). This is set to "No" as the -CUPS default. -</p><p> -"MaxJobs 500" -- this directive controls the maximum number -of jobs that are kept in memory. Once the number of jobs -reaches the limit, the oldest completed job is automatically -purged from the system to make room for the new one. If all -of the known jobs are still pending or active then the new -job will be rejected. Setting the maximum to 0 disables this -functionality. The default setting is 0. -</p><p> -(There are also additional settings for "MaxJobsPerUser" and -"MaxJobsPerPrinter"...) -</p><p> -For everything to work as announced, you need to have three things: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td> - a Samba-smbd which is compiled against "libcups" (Check on Linux by running <b><tt>ldd `which smbd`</tt></b>) - </td></tr><tr><td> - a Samba-<tt>smb.conf</tt> setting of <b>printing = cups</b> - </td></tr><tr><td> - another Samba-<tt>smb.conf</tt> setting of <b>printcap = cups</b> - </td></tr></table><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Note, that in this case all other manually set printing-related -commands (like "print command", "lpq command", "lprm command", -"lppause command" or "lpresume command") are ignored and they -should normally have no influence what-so-ever on your printing. -</p></div><p> -If you want to do things manually, replace the "printing = cups" -by "printing = bsd". Then your manually set commands may work -(haven't tested this), and a "print command = lp -d %P %s; rm %s" -may do what you need. -</p><p> -You forgot to mention the CUPS version you're using. If you did -set things up as described in the man pages, then the Samba -spool files should be deleted. Otherwise it may be a bug. On -the CUPS side, you can control the behaviour as described -above. -</p><p> -If you have more problems, post the output of these commands: -</p><p> -<b><tt> - grep -v ^# /etc/cups/cupsd.conf | grep -v ^$ - grep -v ^# /etc/samba/smb.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "^;" -</tt></b> -</p><p> -(adapt paths as needed). These commands sanitize the files -and cut out the empty lines and lines with comments, providing -the "naked settings" in a compact way. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="winbind"></a>Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Tim Potter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tpot@linuxcare.com.au">tpot@linuxcare.com.au</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Naag Mummaneni</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:getnag@rediffmail.com">getnag@rediffmail.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">27 June 2002</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2874714">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874743">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2874814">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872076">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2872107">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2872135">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872170">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2872192">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875280">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875352">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875387">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2875414">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2875442">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875518">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875611">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2877210">Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2877264">Conclusion</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874714"></a>Abstract</h2></div></div><p>Integration of UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT through - a unified logon has been considered a "holy grail" in heterogeneous - computing environments for a long time. We present - <span class="emphasis"><em>winbind</em></span>, a component of the Samba suite - of programs as a solution to the unified logon problem. Winbind - uses a UNIX implementation - of Microsoft RPC calls, Pluggable Authentication Modules, and the Name - Service Switch to allow Windows NT domain users to appear and operate - as UNIX users on a UNIX machine. This paper describes the winbind - system, explaining the functionality it provides, how it is configured, - and how it works internally.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874743"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>It is well known that UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT have - different models for representing user and group information and - use different technologies for implementing them. This fact has - made it difficult to integrate the two systems in a satisfactory - manner.</p><p>One common solution in use today has been to create - identically named user accounts on both the UNIX and Windows systems - and use the Samba suite of programs to provide file and print services - between the two. This solution is far from perfect however, as - adding and deleting users on both sets of machines becomes a chore - and two sets of passwords are required both of which - can lead to synchronization problems between the UNIX and Windows - systems and confusion for users.</p><p>We divide the unified logon problem for UNIX machines into - three smaller problems:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Obtaining Windows NT user and group information - </p></li><li><p>Authenticating Windows NT users - </p></li><li><p>Password changing for Windows NT users - </p></li></ul></div><p>Ideally, a prospective solution to the unified logon problem - would satisfy all the above components without duplication of - information on the UNIX machines and without creating additional - tasks for the system administrator when maintaining users and - groups on either system. The winbind system provides a simple - and elegant solution to all three components of the unified logon - problem.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874814"></a>What Winbind Provides</h2></div></div><p>Winbind unifies UNIX and Windows NT account management by - allowing a UNIX box to become a full member of a NT domain. Once - this is done the UNIX box will see NT users and groups as if - they were native UNIX users and groups, allowing the NT domain - to be used in much the same manner that NIS+ is used within - UNIX-only environments.</p><p>The end result is that whenever any - program on the UNIX machine asks the operating system to lookup - a user or group name, the query will be resolved by asking the - NT domain controller for the specified domain to do the lookup. - Because Winbind hooks into the operating system at a low level - (via the NSS name resolution modules in the C library) this - redirection to the NT domain controller is completely - transparent.</p><p>Users on the UNIX machine can then use NT user and group - names as they would use "native" UNIX names. They can chown files - so that they are owned by NT domain users or even login to the - UNIX machine and run a UNIX X-Window session as a domain user.</p><p>The only obvious indication that Winbind is being used is - that user and group names take the form DOMAIN\user and - DOMAIN\group. This is necessary as it allows Winbind to determine - that redirection to a domain controller is wanted for a particular - lookup and which trusted domain is being referenced.</p><p>Additionally, Winbind provides an authentication service - that hooks into the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) system - to provide authentication via a NT domain to any PAM enabled - applications. This capability solves the problem of synchronizing - passwords between systems since all passwords are stored in a single - location (on the domain controller).</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2872076"></a>Target Uses</h3></div></div><p>Winbind is targeted at organizations that have an - existing NT based domain infrastructure into which they wish - to put UNIX workstations or servers. Winbind will allow these - organizations to deploy UNIX workstations without having to - maintain a separate account infrastructure. This greatly - simplifies the administrative overhead of deploying UNIX - workstations into a NT based organization.</p><p>Another interesting way in which we expect Winbind to - be used is as a central part of UNIX based appliances. Appliances - that provide file and print services to Microsoft based networks - will be able to use Winbind to provide seamless integration of - the appliance into the domain.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2872107"></a>How Winbind Works</h2></div></div><p>The winbind system is designed around a client/server - architecture. A long running <b>winbindd</b> daemon - listens on a UNIX domain socket waiting for requests - to arrive. These requests are generated by the NSS and PAM - clients and processed sequentially.</p><p>The technologies used to implement winbind are described - in detail below.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2872135"></a>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</h3></div></div><p>Over the last few years, efforts have been underway - by various Samba Team members to decode various aspects of - the Microsoft Remote Procedure Call (MSRPC) system. This - system is used for most network related operations between - Windows NT machines including remote management, user authentication - and print spooling. Although initially this work was done - to aid the implementation of Primary Domain Controller (PDC) - functionality in Samba, it has also yielded a body of code which - can be used for other purposes.</p><p>Winbind uses various MSRPC calls to enumerate domain users - and groups and to obtain detailed information about individual - users or groups. Other MSRPC calls can be used to authenticate - NT domain users and to change user passwords. By directly querying - a Windows PDC for user and group information, winbind maps the - NT account information onto UNIX user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2872170"></a>Microsoft Active Directory Services</h3></div></div><p> - Since late 2001, Samba has gained the ability to - interact with Microsoft Windows 2000 using its 'Native - Mode' protocols, rather than the NT4 RPC services. - Using LDAP and Kerberos, a domain member running - winbind can enumerate users and groups in exactly the - same way as a Win2k client would, and in so doing - provide a much more efficient and - effective winbind implementation. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2872192"></a>Name Service Switch</h3></div></div><p>The Name Service Switch, or NSS, is a feature that is - present in many UNIX operating systems. It allows system - information such as hostnames, mail aliases and user information - to be resolved from different sources. For example, a standalone - UNIX workstation may resolve system information from a series of - flat files stored on the local filesystem. A networked workstation - may first attempt to resolve system information from local files, - and then consult a NIS database for user information or a DNS server - for hostname information.</p><p>The NSS application programming interface allows winbind - to present itself as a source of system information when - resolving UNIX usernames and groups. Winbind uses this interface, - and information obtained from a Windows NT server using MSRPC - calls to provide a new source of account enumeration. Using standard - UNIX library calls, one can enumerate the users and groups on - a UNIX machine running winbind and see all users and groups in - a NT domain plus any trusted domain as though they were local - users and groups.</p><p>The primary control file for NSS is - <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt>. - When a UNIX application makes a request to do a lookup - the C library looks in <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> - for a line which matches the service type being requested, for - example the "passwd" service type is used when user or group names - are looked up. This config line species which implementations - of that service should be tried and in what order. If the passwd - config line is:</p><p><b>passwd: files example</b></p><p>then the C library will first load a module called - <tt>/lib/libnss_files.so</tt> followed by - the module <tt>/lib/libnss_example.so</tt>. The - C library will dynamically load each of these modules in turn - and call resolver functions within the modules to try to resolve - the request. Once the request is resolved the C library returns the - result to the application.</p><p>This NSS interface provides a very easy way for Winbind - to hook into the operating system. All that needs to be done - is to put <tt>libnss_winbind.so</tt> in <tt>/lib/</tt> - then add "winbind" into <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> at - the appropriate place. The C library will then call Winbind to - resolve user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875280"></a>Pluggable Authentication Modules</h3></div></div><p>Pluggable Authentication Modules, also known as PAM, - is a system for abstracting authentication and authorization - technologies. With a PAM module it is possible to specify different - authentication methods for different system applications without - having to recompile these applications. PAM is also useful - for implementing a particular policy for authorization. For example, - a system administrator may only allow console logins from users - stored in the local password file but only allow users resolved from - a NIS database to log in over the network.</p><p>Winbind uses the authentication management and password - management PAM interface to integrate Windows NT users into a - UNIX system. This allows Windows NT users to log in to a UNIX - machine and be authenticated against a suitable Primary Domain - Controller. These users can also change their passwords and have - this change take effect directly on the Primary Domain Controller. - </p><p>PAM is configured by providing control files in the directory - <tt>/etc/pam.d/</tt> for each of the services that - require authentication. When an authentication request is made - by an application the PAM code in the C library looks up this - control file to determine what modules to load to do the - authentication check and in what order. This interface makes adding - a new authentication service for Winbind very easy, all that needs - to be done is that the <tt>pam_winbind.so</tt> module - is copied to <tt>/lib/security/</tt> and the PAM - control files for relevant services are updated to allow - authentication via winbind. See the PAM documentation - for more details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875352"></a>User and Group ID Allocation</h3></div></div><p>When a user or group is created under Windows NT - is it allocated a numerical relative identifier (RID). This is - slightly different to UNIX which has a range of numbers that are - used to identify users, and the same range in which to identify - groups. It is winbind's job to convert RIDs to UNIX id numbers and - vice versa. When winbind is configured it is given part of the UNIX - user id space and a part of the UNIX group id space in which to - store Windows NT users and groups. If a Windows NT user is - resolved for the first time, it is allocated the next UNIX id from - the range. The same process applies for Windows NT groups. Over - time, winbind will have mapped all Windows NT users and groups - to UNIX user ids and group ids.</p><p>The results of this mapping are stored persistently in - an ID mapping database held in a tdb database). This ensures that - RIDs are mapped to UNIX IDs in a consistent way.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875387"></a>Result Caching</h3></div></div><p>An active system can generate a lot of user and group - name lookups. To reduce the network cost of these lookups winbind - uses a caching scheme based on the SAM sequence number supplied - by NT domain controllers. User or group information returned - by a PDC is cached by winbind along with a sequence number also - returned by the PDC. This sequence number is incremented by - Windows NT whenever any user or group information is modified. If - a cached entry has expired, the sequence number is requested from - the PDC and compared against the sequence number of the cached entry. - If the sequence numbers do not match, then the cached information - is discarded and up to date information is requested directly - from the PDC.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875414"></a>Installation and Configuration</h2></div></div><p> -Many thanks to John Trostel <a href="mailto:jtrostel@snapserver.com" target="_top">jtrostel@snapserver.com</a> -for providing the HOWTO for this section. -</p><p> -This HOWTO describes how to get winbind services up and running -to control access and authenticate users on your Linux box using -the winbind services which come with SAMBA 3.0. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875442"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -This HOWTO describes the procedures used to get winbind up and -running on my RedHat 7.1 system. Winbind is capable of providing access -and authentication control for Windows Domain users through an NT -or Win2K PDC for 'regular' services, such as telnet a nd ftp, as -well for SAMBA services. -</p><p> -This HOWTO has been written from a 'RedHat-centric' perspective, so if -you are using another distribution, you may have to modify the instructions -somewhat to fit the way your distribution works. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Why should I to this?</em></span> - </p><p>This allows the SAMBA administrator to rely on the - authentication mechanisms on the NT/Win2K PDC for the authentication - of domain members. NT/Win2K users no longer need to have separate - accounts on the SAMBA server. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Who should be reading this document?</em></span> - </p><p> - This HOWTO is designed for system administrators. If you are - implementing SAMBA on a file server and wish to (fairly easily) - integrate existing NT/Win2K users from your PDC onto the - SAMBA server, this HOWTO is for you. That said, I am no NT or PAM - expert, so you may find a better or easier way to accomplish - these tasks. - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875518"></a>Requirements</h3></div></div><p> -If you have a samba configuration file that you are currently -using... <span class="emphasis"><em>BACK IT UP!</em></span> If your system already uses PAM, -<span class="emphasis"><em>back up the <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> directory -contents!</em></span> If you haven't already made a boot disk, -<span class="emphasis"><em>MAKE ONE NOW!</em></span> -</p><p> -Messing with the pam configuration files can make it nearly impossible -to log in to yourmachine. That's why you want to be able to boot back -into your machine in single user mode and restore your -<tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> back to the original state they were in if -you get frustrated with the way things are going. ;-) -</p><p> -The latest version of SAMBA (version 3.0 as of this writing), now -includes a functioning winbindd daemon. Please refer to the -<a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">main SAMBA web page</a> or, -better yet, your closest SAMBA mirror site for instructions on -downloading the source code. -</p><p> -To allow Domain users the ability to access SAMBA shares and -files, as well as potentially other services provided by your -SAMBA machine, PAM (pluggable authentication modules) must -be setup properly on your machine. In order to compile the -winbind modules, you should have at least the pam libraries resident -on your system. For recent RedHat systems (7.1, for instance), that -means <tt>pam-0.74-22</tt>. For best results, it is helpful to also -install the development packages in <tt>pam-devel-0.74-22</tt>. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875611"></a>Testing Things Out</h3></div></div><p> -Before starting, it is probably best to kill off all the SAMBA -related daemons running on your server. Kill off all <b>smbd</b>, -<b>nmbd</b>, and <b>winbindd</b> processes that may -be running. To use PAM, you will want to make sure that you have the -standard PAM package (for RedHat) which supplies the <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> -directory structure, including the pam modules are used by pam-aware -services, several pam libraries, and the <tt>/usr/doc</tt> -and <tt>/usr/man</tt> entries for pam. Winbind built better -in SAMBA if the pam-devel package was also installed. This package includes -the header files needed to compile pam-aware applications. For instance, -my RedHat system has both <tt>pam-0.74-22</tt> and -<tt>pam-devel-0.74-22</tt> RPMs installed. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2875688"></a>Configure and compile SAMBA</h4></div></div><p> -The configuration and compilation of SAMBA is pretty straightforward. -The first three steps may not be necessary depending upon -whether or not you have previously built the Samba binaries. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>autoconf</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make clean</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>rm config.cache</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>./configure</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make install</b> -</pre><p> -This will, by default, install SAMBA in <tt>/usr/local/samba</tt>. -See the main SAMBA documentation if you want to install SAMBA somewhere else. -It will also build the winbindd executable and libraries. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2875809"></a>Configure <tt>nsswitch.conf</tt> and the -winbind libraries on Linux and Solaris</h4></div></div><p> -The libraries needed to run the <b>winbindd</b> daemon -through nsswitch need to be copied to their proper locations, so -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/libnss_winbind.so /lib</b> -</p><p> -I also found it necessary to make the following symbolic link: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>ln -s /lib/libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</b> -</p><p>And, in the case of Sun solaris:</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1</tt></b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.1</tt></b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.2</tt></b> -</p><p> -Now, as root you need to edit <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> to -allow user and group entries to be visible from the <b>winbindd</b> -daemon. My <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file look like -this after editing: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - passwd: files winbind - shadow: files - group: files winbind -</pre><p> -The libraries needed by the winbind daemon will be automatically -entered into the <b>ldconfig</b> cache the next time -your system reboots, but it -is faster (and you don't need to reboot) if you do it manually: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/sbin/ldconfig -v | grep winbind</b> -</p><p> -This makes <tt>libnss_winbind</tt> available to winbindd -and echos back a check to you. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876014"></a>NSS Winbind on AIX</h4></div></div><p>(This section is only for those running AIX)</p><p> -The winbind AIX identification module gets built as libnss_winbind.so in the -nsswitch directory of the samba source. This file can be copied to -/usr/lib/security, and the AIX naming convention would indicate that it -should be named WINBIND. A stanza like the following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -WINBIND: - program = /usr/lib/security/WINBIND - options = authonly -</pre><p>can then be added to -<tt>/usr/lib/security/methods.cfg</tt>. This module only -supports identification, but there have been success reports using the -standard winbind pam module for authentication. Use caution configuring -loadable authentication modules as it is possible to make it impossible -to logon to the system. More information about the AIX authentication -module API can be found at "Kernel Extensions and Device Support -Programming Concepts for AIX": <a href="#"> -Chapter 18. Loadable Authentication Module Programming Interface</a> -and more information on administering the modules at <a href="#"> -"System Management Guide: Operating System and Devices"</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876087"></a>Configure smb.conf</h4></div></div><p> -Several parameters are needed in the smb.conf file to control -the behavior of <b>winbindd</b>. Configure -<tt>smb.conf</tt> These are described in more detail in -the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> man page. My -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file was modified to -include the following entries in the [global] section: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - <...> - # separate domain and username with '+', like DOMAIN+username - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDSEPARATOR" target="_top">winbind separator</a> = + - # use uids from 10000 to 20000 for domain users - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDUID" target="_top">winbind uid</a> = 10000-20000 - # use gids from 10000 to 20000 for domain groups - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDGID" target="_top">winbind gid</a> = 10000-20000 - # allow enumeration of winbind users and groups - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMUSERS" target="_top">winbind enum users</a> = yes - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMGROUP" target="_top">winbind enum groups</a> = yes - # give winbind users a real shell (only needed if they have telnet access) - <a href="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" target="_top">template homedir</a> = /home/winnt/%D/%U - <a href="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATESHELL" target="_top">template shell</a> = /bin/bash -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876202"></a>Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain</h4></div></div><p> -Enter the following command to make the SAMBA server join the -PDC domain, where <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> is the name of -your Windows domain and <i><tt>Administrator</tt></i> is -a domain user who has administrative privileges in the domain. -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/net join -S PDC -U Administrator</b> -</p><p> -The proper response to the command should be: "Joined the domain -<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>" where <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> -is your DOMAIN name. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876259"></a>Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</h4></div></div><p> -Eventually, you will want to modify your smb startup script to -automatically invoke the winbindd daemon when the other parts of -SAMBA start, but it is possible to test out just the winbind -portion first. To start up winbind services, enter the following -command as root: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd</b> -</p><p> -Winbindd can now also run in 'dual daemon mode'. This will make it -run as 2 processes. The first will answer all requests from the cache, -thus making responses to clients faster. The other will -update the cache for the query that the first has just responded. -Advantage of this is that responses stay accurate and are faster. -You can enable dual daemon mode by adding '-B' to the commandline: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B</b> -</p><p> -I'm always paranoid and like to make sure the daemon -is really running... -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>ps -ae | grep winbindd</b> -</p><p> -This command should produce output like this, if the daemon is running -</p><p> -3025 ? 00:00:00 winbindd -</p><p> -Now... for the real test, try to get some information about the -users on your PDC -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -u</b> -</p><p> -This should echo back a list of users on your Windows users on -your PDC. For example, I get the following response: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - CEO+Administrator - CEO+burdell - CEO+Guest - CEO+jt-ad - CEO+krbtgt - CEO+TsInternetUser -</pre><p> -Obviously, I have named my domain 'CEO' and my <i><tt>winbind -separator</tt></i> is '+'. -</p><p> -You can do the same sort of thing to get group information from -the PDC: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -g</b> - CEO+Domain Admins - CEO+Domain Users - CEO+Domain Guests - CEO+Domain Computers - CEO+Domain Controllers - CEO+Cert Publishers - CEO+Schema Admins - CEO+Enterprise Admins - CEO+Group Policy Creator Owners -</pre><p> -The function 'getent' can now be used to get unified -lists of both local and PDC users and groups. -Try the following command: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>getent passwd</b> -</p><p> -You should get a list that looks like your <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> -list followed by the domain users with their new uids, gids, home -directories and default shells. -</p><p> -The same thing can be done for groups with the command -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>getent group</b> -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876504"></a>Fix the init.d startup scripts</h4></div></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2876511"></a>Linux</h5></div></div><p> -The <b>winbindd</b> daemon needs to start up after the -<b>smbd</b> and <b>nmbd</b> daemons are running. -To accomplish this task, you need to modify the startup scripts of your system. -They are located at <tt>/etc/init.d/smb</tt> in RedHat and -<tt>/etc/init.d/samba</tt> in Debian. -script to add commands to invoke this daemon in the proper sequence. My -startup script starts up <b>smbd</b>, -<b>nmbd</b>, and <b>winbindd</b> from the -<tt>/usr/local/samba/bin</tt> directory directly. The 'start' -function in the script looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -start() { - KIND="SMB" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd $SMBDOPTIONS - RETVAL=$? - echo - KIND="NMB" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd $NMBDOPTIONS - RETVAL2=$? - echo - KIND="Winbind" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd - RETVAL3=$? - echo - [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && \ - touch /var/lock/subsys/smb || RETVAL=1 - return $RETVAL -} -</pre><p>If you would like to run winbindd in dual daemon mode, replace -the line -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -</pre><p> - -in the example above with: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B -</pre><p>. -</p><p> -The 'stop' function has a corresponding entry to shut down the -services and looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -stop() { - KIND="SMB" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " - killproc smbd - RETVAL=$? - echo - KIND="NMB" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " - killproc nmbd - RETVAL2=$? - echo - KIND="Winbind" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " - killproc winbindd - RETVAL3=$? - [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && \ - rm -f /var/lock/subsys/smb - echo "" - return $RETVAL -} -</pre></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2876648"></a>Solaris</h5></div></div><p>Winbind doesn't work on solaris 9, see the <a href="#winbind-solaris9" title="Winbind on Solaris 9">Portability</a> chapter for details.</p><p>On solaris, you need to modify the -<tt>/etc/init.d/samba.server</tt> startup script. It usually -only starts smbd and nmbd but should now start winbindd too. If you -have samba installed in <tt>/usr/local/samba/bin</tt>, -the file could contains something like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - ## - ## samba.server - ## - - if [ ! -d /usr/bin ] - then # /usr not mounted - exit - fi - - killproc() { # kill the named process(es) - pid=`/usr/bin/ps -e | - /usr/bin/grep -w $1 | - /usr/bin/sed -e 's/^ *//' -e 's/ .*//'` - [ "$pid" != "" ] && kill $pid - } - - # Start/stop processes required for samba server - - case "$1" in - - 'start') - # - # Edit these lines to suit your installation (paths, workgroup, host) - # - echo Starting SMBD - /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D -s \ - /usr/local/samba/smb.conf - - echo Starting NMBD - /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D -l \ - /usr/local/samba/var/log -s /usr/local/samba/smb.conf - - echo Starting Winbind Daemon - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd - ;; - - 'stop') - killproc nmbd - killproc smbd - killproc winbindd - ;; - - *) - echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/samba.server { start | stop }" - ;; - esac -</pre><p> -Again, if you would like to run samba in dual daemon mode, replace -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -</pre><p> - -in the script above with: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2876749"></a>Restarting</h5></div></div><p> -If you restart the <b>smbd</b>, <b>nmbd</b>, -and <b>winbindd</b> daemons at this point, you -should be able to connect to the samba server as a domain member just as -if you were a local user. -</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876785"></a>Configure Winbind and PAM</h4></div></div><p> -If you have made it this far, you know that winbindd and samba are working -together. If you want to use winbind to provide authentication for other -services, keep reading. The pam configuration files need to be altered in -this step. (Did you remember to make backups of your original -<tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> files? If not, do it now.) -</p><p> -You will need a pam module to use winbindd with these other services. This -module will be compiled in the <tt>../source/nsswitch</tt> directory -by invoking the command -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make nsswitch/pam_winbind.so</b> -</p><p> -from the <tt>../source</tt> directory. The -<tt>pam_winbind.so</tt> file should be copied to the location of -your other pam security modules. On my RedHat system, this was the -<tt>/lib/security</tt> directory. On Solaris, the pam security -modules reside in <tt>/usr/lib/security</tt>. -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security</b> -</p><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2876895"></a>Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</h5></div></div><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/samba</tt> file does not need to be changed. I -just left this fileas it was: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth -</pre><p> -The other services that I modified to allow the use of winbind -as an authentication service were the normal login on the console (or a terminal -session), telnet logins, and ftp service. In order to enable these -services, you may first need to change the entries in -<tt>/etc/xinetd.d</tt> (or <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt>). -RedHat 7.1 uses the new xinetd.d structure, in this case you need -to change the lines in <tt>/etc/xinetd.d/telnet</tt> -and <tt>/etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftp</tt> from -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - enable = no -</pre><p> -to -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - enable = yes -</pre><p> -For ftp services to work properly, you will also need to either -have individual directories for the domain users already present on -the server, or change the home directory template to a general -directory for all domain users. These can be easily set using -the <tt>smb.conf</tt> global entry -<b>template homedir</b>. -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/ftp</tt> file can be changed -to allow winbind ftp access in a manner similar to the -samba file. My <tt>/etc/pam.d/ftp</tt> file was -changed to look like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny \ - file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - auth required /lib/security/pam_shells.so - account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth -</pre><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/login</tt> file can be changed nearly the -same way. It now looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - auth required /lib/security/pam_nologin.so - account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - password required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session optional /lib/security/pam_console.so -</pre><p> -In this case, I added the <b>auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so</b> -lines as before, but also added the <b>required pam_securetty.so</b> -above it, to disallow root logins over the network. I also added a -<b>sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass</b> -line after the <b>winbind.so</b> line to get rid of annoying -double prompts for passwords. -</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2877118"></a>Solaris-specific configuration</h5></div></div><p> -The /etc/pam.conf needs to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain -users can logon both locally as well as telnet.The following are the changes -that I made.You can customize the pam.conf file as per your requirements,but -be sure of those changes because in the worst case it will leave your system -nearly impossible to boot. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # - #ident "@(#)pam.conf 1.14 99/09/16 SMI" - # - # Copyright (c) 1996-1999, Sun Microsystems, Inc. - # All Rights Reserved. - # - # PAM configuration - # - # Authentication management - # - login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_dial_auth.so.1 try_first_pass - # - rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 - rlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - dtlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - dtlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - rsh auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 - other auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - # Account management - # - login account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - login account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - login account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - dtlogin account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - dtlogin account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - dtlogin account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - other account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - other account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Session management - # - other session required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Password management - # - #other password sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other password required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - dtsession auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Support for Kerberos V5 authentication (uncomment to use Kerberos) - # - #rlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #login auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #dtlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #other auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #dtlogin account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other session optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other password optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass -</pre><p> -I also added a try_first_pass line after the winbind.so line to get rid of -annoying double prompts for passwords. -</p><p> -Now restart your Samba and try connecting through your application that you -configured in the pam.conf. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877210"></a>Limitations</h2></div></div><p>Winbind has a number of limitations in its current - released version that we hope to overcome in future - releases:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Winbind is currently only available for - the Linux, Solaris and IRIX operating systems, although ports to other operating - systems are certainly possible. For such ports to be feasible, - we require the C library of the target operating system to - support the Name Service Switch and Pluggable Authentication - Modules systems. This is becoming more common as NSS and - PAM gain support among UNIX vendors.</p></li><li><p>The mappings of Windows NT RIDs to UNIX ids - is not made algorithmically and depends on the order in which - unmapped users or groups are seen by winbind. It may be difficult - to recover the mappings of rid to UNIX id mapping if the file - containing this information is corrupted or destroyed.</p></li><li><p>Currently the winbind PAM module does not take - into account possible workstation and logon time restrictions - that may be been set for Windows NT users, this is - instead up to the PDC to enforce.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877264"></a>Conclusion</h2></div></div><p>The winbind system, through the use of the Name Service - Switch, Pluggable Authentication Modules, and appropriate - Microsoft RPC calls have allowed us to provide seamless - integration of Microsoft Windows NT domain users on a - UNIX system. The result is a great reduction in the administrative - cost of running a mixed UNIX and NT network.</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="AdvancedNetworkManagement"></a>Chapter 16. Advanced Network Manangement</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2875143">Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2874905">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2874974">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2875057">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877889">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -This section attempts to document peripheral issues that are of great importance to network -administrators who want to improve network resource access control, to automate the user -environment, and to make their lives a little easier. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875143"></a>Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</h2></div></div><p> -This section deals with how to configure Samba per share access control restrictions. -By default samba sets no restrictions on the share itself. Restrictions on the share itself -can be set on MS Windows NT4/200x/XP shares. This can be a very effective way to limit who can -connect to a share. In the absence of specific restrictions the default setting is to allow -the global user <span class="emphasis"><em>Everyone</em></span> Full Control (ie: Full control, Change and Read). -</p><p> -At this time Samba does NOT provide a tool for configuring access control setting on the Share -itself. Samba does have the capacity to store and act on access control settings, but the only -way to create those settings is to use either the NT4 Server Manager or the Windows 200x MMC for -Computer Management. -</p><p> -Samba stores the per share access control settings in a file called <tt>share_info.tdb</tt>. -The location of this file on your system will depend on how samba was compiled. The default location -for samba's tdb files is under <tt>/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. If the <tt>tdbdump</tt> -utility has been compiled and installed on your system then you can examine the contents of this file -by: <b><tt>tdbdump share_info.tdb</tt></b>. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2874905"></a>Share Permissions Management</h3></div></div><p> -The best tool for the task is platform dependant. Choose the best tool for your environmemt. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2874919"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation/Server</h4></div></div><p> -The tool you need to use to manage share permissions on a Samba server is the NT Server Manager. -Server Manager is shipped with Windows NT4 Server products but not with Windows NT4 Workstation. -You can obtain the NT Server Manager for MS Windows NT4 Workstation from Microsoft - see details below. -</p><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 16.1. Instructions</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> -Launch the NT4 Server Manager, click on the Samba server you want to administer, then from the menu -select Computer, then click on the Shared Directories entry. -</p></li><li><p> - Now click on the share that you wish to manage, then click on the Properties tab, next click on - the Permissions tab. Now you can Add or change access control settings as you wish. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2877329"></a>Windows 200x/XP</h4></div></div><p> -On MS Windows NT4/200x/XP system access control lists on the share itself are set using native -tools, usually from filemanager. For example, in Windows 200x: right click on the shared folder, -then select 'Sharing', then click on 'Permissions'. The default Windows NT4/200x permission allows -<span class="emphasis"><em>Everyone</em></span> Full Control on the Share. -</p><p> -MS Windows 200x and later all comes with a tool called the 'Computer Management' snap-in for the -Microsoft Management Console (MMC). This tool is located by clicking on <tt>Control Panel -> -Administrative Tools -> Computer Management</tt>. -</p><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 16.2. Instructions</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> - After launching the MMC with the Computer Management snap-in, click on the menu item 'Action', - select 'Connect to another computer'. If you are not logged onto a domain you will be prompted - to enter a domain login user identifier and a password. This will authenticate you to the domain. - If you where already logged in with administrative privilidge this step is not offered. -</p></li><li><p> -If the Samba server is not shown in the Select Computer box, then type in the name of the target -Samba server in the field 'Name:'. Now click on the [+] next to 'System Tools', then on the [+] -next to 'Shared Folders' in the left panel. -</p></li><li><p> -Now in the right panel, double-click on the share you wish to set access control permissions on. -Then click on the tab 'Share Permissions'. It is now possible to add access control entities -to the shared folder. Do NOT forget to set what type of access (full control, change, read) you -wish to assign for each entry. -</p></li></ol></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> -Be careful. If you take away all permissions from the Everyone user without removing this user -then effectively no user will be able to access the share. This is a result of what is known as -ACL precidence. ie: Everyone with NO ACCESS means that MaryK who is part of the group Everyone -will have no access even if this user is given explicit full control access. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2874974"></a>Remote Server Administration</h2></div></div><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'?</em></span> -</p><p> -Since I don't need to buy an NT4 Server, how do I get the 'User Manager for Domains', -the 'Server Manager'? -</p><p> -Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for installation on Windows 9x / Me -systems. The tools set includes: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Server Manager</p></li><li><p>User Manager for Domains</p></li><li><p>Event Viewer</p></li></ul></div><p> -Click here to download the archived file <a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE" target="_top">ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</a> -</p><p> -The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for -Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp -from <a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE" target="_top">ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</a> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875057"></a>Network Logon Script Magic</h2></div></div><p> -This section needs work. Volunteer contributions most welcome. Please send your patches or updates -to <a href="mailto:jht@samba.org" target="_top">John Terpstra</a>. -</p><p> -There are several opportunities for creating a custom network startup configuration environment. -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>No Logon Script</td></tr><tr><td>Simple universal Logon Script that applies to all users</td></tr><tr><td>Use of a conditional Logon Script that applies per user or per group attirbutes</td></tr><tr><td>Use of Samba's Preexec and Postexec functions on access to the NETLOGON share to create - a custom Logon Script and then execute it.</td></tr><tr><td>User of a tool such as KixStart</td></tr></table><p> -The Samba source code tree includes two logon script generation/execution tools. See <tt>examples</tt> directory <tt>genlogon</tt> and <tt>ntlogon</tt> subdirectories. -</p><p> -The following listings are from the genlogon directory. -</p><p> -This is the genlogon.pl file: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #!/usr/bin/perl - # - # genlogon.pl - # - # Perl script to generate user logon scripts on the fly, when users - # connect from a Windows client. This script should be called from smb.conf - # with the %U, %G and %L parameters. I.e: - # - # root preexec = genlogon.pl %U %G %L - # - # The script generated will perform - # the following: - # - # 1. Log the user connection to /var/log/samba/netlogon.log - # 2. Set the PC's time to the Linux server time (which is maintained - # daily to the National Institute of Standard's Atomic clock on the - # internet. - # 3. Connect the user's home drive to H: (H for Home). - # 4. Connect common drives that everyone uses. - # 5. Connect group-specific drives for certain user groups. - # 6. Connect user-specific drives for certain users. - # 7. Connect network printers. - - # Log client connection - #($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time); - ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time); - open LOG, ">>/var/log/samba/netlogon.log"; - print LOG "$mon/$mday/$year $hour:$min:$sec - User $ARGV[0] logged into $ARGV[1]\n"; - close LOG; - - # Start generating logon script - open LOGON, ">/shared/netlogon/$ARGV[0].bat"; - print LOGON "\@ECHO OFF\r\n"; - - # Connect shares just use by Software Development group - if ($ARGV[1] eq "SOFTDEV" || $ARGV[0] eq "softdev") - { - print LOGON "NET USE M: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SOURCE\r\n"; - } - - # Connect shares just use by Technical Support staff - if ($ARGV[1] eq "SUPPORT" || $ARGV[0] eq "support") - { - print LOGON "NET USE S: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SUPPORT\r\n"; - } - - # Connect shares just used by Administration staff - If ($ARGV[1] eq "ADMIN" || $ARGV[0] eq "admin") - { - print LOGON "NET USE L: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\ADMIN\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE K: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\MKTING\r\n"; - } - - # Now connect Printers. We handle just two or three users a little - # differently, because they are the exceptions that have desktop - # printers on LPT1: - all other user's go to the LaserJet on the - # server. - if ($ARGV[0] eq 'jim' - || $ARGV[0] eq 'yvonne') - { - print LOGON "NET USE LPT2: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n"; - } - else - { - print LOGON "NET USE LPT1: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n"; - } - - # All done! Close the output file. - close LOGON; -</pre><p> -</p><p> -Those wishing to use more elaborate or capable logon processing system should check out the following sites: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon</td></tr><tr><td>http://www.kixtart.org</td></tr><tr><td>http://support.microsoft.com/default.asp?scid=kb;en-us;189105</td></tr></table><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2877889"></a>Adding printers without user intervention</h3></div></div><p> -Printers may be added automatically during logon script processing through the use of: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - rundll32 printui.dll,PrintUIEntry /? -</pre><p> - -See the documentation in the Microsoft knowledgebase article no: 189105 referred to above. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="PolicyMgmt"></a>Chapter 17. System and Account Policies</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2877672">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877925">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878014">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878140">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878344">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2878457">With Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2878478">With a Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2878502">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877672"></a>Creating and Managing System Policies</h2></div></div><p> -Under MS Windows platforms, particularly those following the release of MS Windows -NT4 and MS Windows 95) it is possible to create a type of file that would be placed -in the NETLOGON share of a domain controller. As the client logs onto the network -this file is read and the contents initiate changes to the registry of the client -machine. This file allows changes to be made to those parts of the registry that -affect users, groups of users, or machines. -</p><p> -For MS Windows 9x/Me this file must be called <tt>Config.POL</tt> and may -be generated using a tool called <tt>poledit.exe</tt>, better known as the -Policy Editor. The policy editor was provided on the Windows 98 installation CD, but -dissappeared again with the introduction of MS Windows Me (Millenium Edition). From -comments from MS Windows network administrators it would appear that this tool became -a part of the MS Windows Me Resource Kit. -</p><p> -MS Windows NT4 Server products include the <span class="emphasis"><em>System Policy Editor</em></span> -under the <tt>Start -> Programs -> Administrative Tools</tt> menu item. -For MS Windows NT4 and later clients this file must be called <tt>NTConfig.POL</tt>. -</p><p> -New with the introduction of MS Windows 2000 was the Microsoft Management Console -or MMC. This tool is the new wave in the ever changing landscape of Microsoft -methods for management of network access and security. Every new Microsoft product -or technology seems to obsolete the old rules and to introduce newer and more -complex tools and methods. To Microsoft's credit though, the MMC does appear to -be a step forward, but improved functionality comes at a great price. -</p><p> -Before embarking on the configuration of network and system policies it is highly -advisable to read the documentation available from Microsoft's web site regarding -<a href="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp" target="_top"> -Implementing Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0 from http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp</a> available from Microsoft. -There are a large number of documents in addition to this old one that should also -be read and understood. Try searching on the Microsoft web site for "Group Policies". -</p><p> -What follows is a very brief discussion with some helpful notes. The information provided -here is incomplete - you are warned. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2877925"></a>Windows 9x/Me Policies</h3></div></div><p> -You need the Win98 Group Policy Editor to set Group Profiles up under Windows 9x/Me. -It can be found on the Original full product Win98 installation CD under -<tt>tools/reskit/netadmin/poledit</tt>. Install this using the -Add/Remove Programs facility and then click on the 'Have Disk' tab. -</p><p> -Use the Group Policy Editor to create a policy file that specifies the location of -user profiles and/or the <tt>My Documents</tt> etc. stuff. Then -save these settings in a file called <tt>Config.POL</tt> that needs to -be placed in the root of the [NETLOGON] share. If Win98 is configured to log onto -the Samba Domain, it will automatically read this file and update the Win9x/Me registry -of the machine as it logs on. -</p><p> -Further details are covered in the Win98 Resource Kit documentation. -</p><p> -If you do not take the right steps, then every so often Win9x/Me will check the -integrity of the registry and will restore it's settings from the back-up -copy of the registry it stores on each Win9x/Me machine. Hence, you will -occasionally notice things changing back to the original settings. -</p><p> -Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies. Look on the -Win98 CD in <tt>\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</tt>. -Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking -<tt>grouppol.inf</tt>. Log off and on again a couple of times and see -if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs to be done on every -Win9x/Me machine that uses group policies. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878014"></a>Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</h3></div></div><p> -To create or edit <tt>ntconfig.pol</tt> you must use the NT Server -Policy Editor, <b>poledit.exe</b> which is included with NT4 Server -but <span class="emphasis"><em>not NT Workstation</em></span>. There is a Policy Editor on a NT4 -Workstation but it is not suitable for creating <span class="emphasis"><em>Domain Policies</em></span>. -Further, although the Windows 95 Policy Editor can be installed on an NT4 -Workstation/Server, it will not work with NT clients. However, the files from -the NT Server will run happily enough on an NT4 Workstation. -</p><p> -You need <tt>poledit.exe, common.adm</tt> and <tt>winnt.adm</tt>. -It is convenient to put the two *.adm files in the <tt>c:\winnt\inf</tt> -directory which is where the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that -directory is normally 'hidden'. -</p><p> -The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and -later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <b>servicepackname /x</b>, -i.e. that's <b>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</b> for service pack 6a. The policy editor, -<b>poledit.exe</b> and the associated template files (*.adm) should -be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template -files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible -location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878116"></a>Registry Tattoos</h4></div></div><p> - With NT4 style registry based policy changes, a large number of settings are not - automatically reversed as the user logs off. Since the settings that were in the - NTConfig.POL file were applied to the client machine registry and that apply to the - hive key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are permanent until explicitly reversed. This is known - as tattooing. It can have serious consequences down-stream and the administrator must - be extremely careful not to lock out the ability to manage the machine at a later date. - </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878140"></a>MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</h3></div></div><p> -Windows NT4 System policies allows setting of registry parameters specific to -users, groups and computers (client workstations) that are members of the NT4 -style domain. Such policy file will work with MS Windows 2000 / XP clients also. -</p><p> -New to MS Windows 2000 Microsoft introduced a new style of group policy that confers -a superset of capabilities compared with NT4 style policies. Obviously, the tool used -to create them is different, and the mechanism for implementing them is much changed. -</p><p> -The older NT4 style registry based policies are known as <span class="emphasis"><em>Administrative Templates</em></span> -in MS Windows 2000/XP Group Policy Objects (GPOs). The later includes ability to set various security -configurations, enforce Internet Explorer browser settings, change and redirect aspects of the -users' desktop (including: the location of <span class="emphasis"><em>My Documents</em></span> files (directory), as -well as intrinsics of where menu items will appear in the Start menu). An additional new -feature is the ability to make available particular software Windows applications to particular -users and/or groups. -</p><p> -Remember: NT4 policy files are named <tt>NTConfig.POL</tt> and are stored in the root -of the NETLOGON share on the domain controllers. A Windows NT4 user enters a username, a password -and selects the domain name to which the logon will attempt to take place. During the logon -process the client machine reads the NTConfig.POL file from the NETLOGON share on the authenticating -server, modifies the local registry values according to the settings in this file. -</p><p> -Windows 2K GPOs are very feature rich. They are NOT stored in the NETLOGON share, rather part of -a Windows 200x policy file is stored in the Active Directory itself and the other part is stored -in a shared (and replicated) volume called the SYSVOL folder. This folder is present on all Active -Directory domain controllers. The part that is stored in the Active Directory itself is called the -group policy container (GPC), and the part that is stored in the replicated share called SYSVOL is -known as the group policy template (GPT). -</p><p> -With NT4 clients the policy file is read and executed upon only as each user logs onto the network. -MS Windows 200x policies are much more complex - GPOs are processed and applied at client machine -startup (machine specific part) and when the user logs onto the network the user specific part -is applied. In MS Windows 200x style policy management each machine and/or user may be subject -to any number of concurently applicable (and applied) policy sets (GPOs). Active Directory allows -the administrator to also set filters over the policy settings. No such equivalent capability -exists with NT4 style policy files. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878237"></a>Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</h4></div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878237"></a>Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</h4></div></div><p> -Instead of using the tool called "The System Policy Editor", commonly called Poledit (from the -executable name poledit.exe), GPOs are created and managed using a Microsoft Management Console -(MMC) snap-in as follows:</p><div class="procedure"><ol type="1"><li><p> -Go to the Windows 200x / XP menu <tt>Start->Programs->Administrative Tools</tt> - and select the MMC snap-in called "Active Directory Users and Computers" -</p></li><li><p> -Select the domain or organizational unit (OU) that you wish to manage, then right click -to open the context menu for that object, select the properties item. -</p></li><li><p> -Now left click on the Group Policy tab, then left click on the New tab. Type a name -for the new policy you will create. -</p></li><li><p> -Now left click on the Edit tab to commence the steps needed to create the GPO. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -All policy configuration options are controlled through the use of policy administrative -templates. These files have a .adm extension, both in NT4 as well as in Windows 200x / XP. -Beware however, since the .adm files are NOT interchangible across NT4 and Windows 200x. -The later introduces many new features as well as extended definition capabilities. It is -well beyond the scope of this documentation to explain how to program .adm files, for that -the adminsitrator is referred to the Microsoft Windows Resource Kit for your particular -version of MS Windows. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The MS Windows 2000 Resource Kit contains a tool called gpolmig.exe. This tool can be used -to migrate an NT4 NTConfig.POL file into a Windows 200x style GPO. Be VERY careful how you -use this powerful tool. Please refer to the resource kit manuals for specific usage information. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878344"></a>Managing Account/User Policies</h2></div></div><p> -Policies can define a specific user's settings or the settings for a group of users. The resulting -policy file contains the registry settings for all users, groups, and computers that will be using -the policy file. Separate policy files for each user, group, or computer are not not necessary. -</p><p> -If you create a policy that will be automatically downloaded from validating domain controllers, -you should name the file NTconfig.POL. As system administrator, you have the option of renaming the -policy file and, by modifying the Windows NT-based workstation, directing the computer to update -the policy from a manual path. You can do this by either manually changing the registry or by using -the System Policy Editor. This path can even be a local path such that each machine has its own policy file, -but if a change is necessary to all machines, this change must be made individually to each workstation. -</p><p> -When a Windows NT4/200x/XP machine logs onto the network the NETLOGON share on the authenticating domain -controller for the presence of the NTConfig.POL file. If one exists it is downloaded, parsed and then -applied to the user's part of the registry. -</p><p> -MS Windows 200x/XP clients that log onto an MS Windows Active Directory security domain may additionally, -acquire policy settings through Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that are defined and stored in Active Directory -itself. The key benefit of using AS GPOs is that they impose no registry <span class="emphasis"><em>tatooing</em></span> effect. -This has considerable advanage compared with the use of NTConfig.POL (NT4) style policy updates. -</p><p> -In addition to user access controls that may be imposed or applied via system and/or group policies -in a manner that works in conjunction with user profiles, the user management environment under -MS Windows NT4/200x/XP allows per domain as well as per user account restrictions to be applied. -Common restrictions that are frequently used includes: -</p><p> -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Logon Hours</td></tr><tr><td>Password Aging</td></tr><tr><td>Permitted Logon from certain machines only</td></tr><tr><td>Account type (Local or Global)</td></tr><tr><td>User Rights</td></tr></table><p> -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878457"></a>With Windows NT4/200x</h3></div></div><p> -The tools that may be used to configure these types of controls from the MS Windows environment are: -The NT4 User Manager for domains, the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor, the registry editor (regedt32.exe). -Under MS Windows 200x/XP this is done using the Microsoft Managment Console (MMC) with approapriate -"snap-ins", the registry editor, and potentially also the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878478"></a>With a Samba PDC</h3></div></div><p> -With a Samba Domain Controller, the new tools for managing of user account and policy information includes: -<tt>smbpasswd, pdbedit, net, rpcclient.</tt>. The administrator should read the -man pages for these tools and become familiar with their use. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878502"></a>System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</h2></div></div><p> -The following attempts to document the order of processing of system and user policies following a system -reboot and as part of the user logon: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Network starts, then Remote Procedure Call System Service (RPCSS) and Multiple Universal Naming - Convention Provider (MUP) start - </p></li><li><p> - Where Active Directory is involved, an ordered list of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) is downloaded - and applied. The list may include GPOs that: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Apply to the location of machines in a Directory</td></tr><tr><td>Apply only when settings have changed</td></tr><tr><td>Depend on configuration of scope of applicability: local, site, domain, organizational unit, etc.</td></tr></table><p> - No desktop user interface is presented until the above have been processed. - </p></li><li><p> - Execution of start-up scripts (hidden and synchronous by defaut). - </p></li><li><p> - A keyboard action to affect start of logon (Ctrl-Alt-Del). - </p></li><li><p> - User credentials are validated, User profile is loaded (depends on policy settings). - </p></li><li><p> - An ordered list of User GPOs is obtained. The list contents depends on what is configured in respsect of: - -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Is user a domain member, thus subject to particular policies</td></tr><tr><td>Loopback enablement, and the state of the loopback policy (Merge or Replace)</td></tr><tr><td>Location of the Active Directory itself</td></tr><tr><td>Has the list of GPOs changed. No processing is needed if not changed.</td></tr></table><p> - </p></li><li><p> - User Policies are applied from Active Directory. Note: There are several types. - </p></li><li><p> - Logon scripts are run. New to Win2K and Active Directory, logon scripts may be obtained based on Group - Policy objects (hidden and executed synchronously). NT4 style logon scripts are then run in a normal - window. - </p></li><li><p> - The User Interface as determined from the GPOs is presented. Note: In a Samba domain (like and NT4 - Domain) machine (system) policies are applied at start-up, User policies are applied at logon. - </p></li></ol></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="ProfileMgmt"></a>Chapter 18. Desktop Profile Management</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2877599">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2877483">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879080">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879695">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879742">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2879925">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2879970">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880011">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2880040">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880129">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2880513">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877599"></a>Roaming Profiles</h2></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p> -Roaming profiles support is different for Win9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x. -</p></div><p> -Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how -Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x clients implement these features. -</p><p> -Windows 9x / Me clients send a NetUserGetInfo request to the server to get the user's -profiles location. However, the response does not have room for a separate -profiles location field, only the user's home share. This means that Win9X/Me -profiles are restricted to being stored in the user's home directory. -</p><p> -Windows NT4/200x clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields, -including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2877483"></a>Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</h3></div></div><p> -This section documents how to configure Samba for MS Windows client profile support. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2877497"></a>NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><p> -To support Windowns NT4/200x clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the -following (for example): -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - logon path = \\profileserver\profileshare\profilepath\%U\moreprofilepath -</pre><p> - - This is typically implemented like: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%u -</pre><p> -where %L translates to the name of the Samba server and %u translates to the user name -</p><p> -The default for this option is \\%N\%U\profile, namely \\sambaserver\username\profile. -The \\N%\%U service is created automatically by the [homes] service. If you are using -a samba server for the profiles, you _must_ make the share specified in the logon path -browseable. Please refer to the man page for smb.conf in respect of the different -symantics of %L and %N, as well as %U and %u. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -MS Windows NT/2K clients at times do not disconnect a connection to a server -between logons. It is recommended to NOT use the <b>homes</b> -meta-service name as part of the profile share path. -</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878824"></a>Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</h4></div></div><p> -To support Windows 9x / Me clients, you must use the "logon home" parameter. Samba has -now been fixed so that <b><tt>net use /home</tt></b> now works as well, and it, too, relies -on the <b>logon home</b> parameter. -</p><p> -By using the logon home parameter, you are restricted to putting Win9x / Me -profiles in the user's home directory. But wait! There is a trick you -can use. If you set the following in the <b>[global]</b> section of your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles -</pre><p> -then your Windows 9x / Me clients will dutifully put their clients in a subdirectory -of your home directory called <tt>.profiles</tt> (thus making them hidden). -</p><p> -Not only that, but <b><tt>net use /home</tt></b> will also work, because of a feature in -Windows 9x / Me. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area -and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you -specified \\%L\%U for <b>logon home</b>. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878920"></a>Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</h4></div></div><p> -You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the -<b>logon home</b> and <b>logon path</b> parameters. For example: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - logon home = \\%L\%u\.profiles - logon path = \\%L\profiles\%u -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2878959"></a>Disabling Roaming Profile Support</h4></div></div><p> -A question often asked is "How may I enforce use of local profiles?" or -"How do I disable Roaming Profiles?" -</p><p> -There are three ways of doing this: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <b>In smb.conf:</b> affect the following settings and ALL clients - will be forced to use a local profile: - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - logon home = - logon path = - </pre></li><li><p> - <b>MS Windows Registry:</b> by using the Microsoft Management Console - gpedit.msc to instruct your MS Windows XP machine to use only a local profile. This - of course modifies registry settings. The full path to the option is: - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - Local Computer Policy\ - Computer Configuration\ - Administrative Templates\ - System\ - User Profiles\ - - Disable: Only Allow Local User Profiles - Disable: Prevent Roaming Profile Change from Propogating to the Server - </pre><p> - </p></li><li><p> - <b>Change of Profile Type:</b> From the start menu right click on the - MY Computer icon, select <span class="emphasis"><em>Properties</em></span>, click on the "<span class="emphasis"><em>User Profiles</em></span> - tab, select the profile you wish to change from Roaming type to Local, click <span class="emphasis"><em>Change Type</em></span>. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Consult the MS Windows registry guide for your particular MS Windows version for more -information about which registry keys to change to enforce use of only local user -profiles. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The specifics of how to convert a local profile to a roaming profile, or a roaming profile -to a local one vary according to the version of MS Windows you are running. Consult the -Microsoft MS Windows Resource Kit for your version of Windows for specific information. -</p></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879080"></a>Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</h3></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879088"></a>Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</h4></div></div><p> -When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created, -as are folders "Start Menu", "Desktop", "Programs" and "Nethood". -These directories and their contents will be merged with the local -versions stored in c:\windows\profiles\username on subsequent logins, -taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the [global] -options "preserve case = yes", "short preserve case = yes" and -"case sensitive = no" in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts -in any of the profile folders. -</p><p> -The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to -enforce a set of preferences, rename their user.DAT file to user.MAN, -and deny them write access to this file. -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - On the Windows 9x / Me machine, go to Control Panel -> Passwords and - select the User Profiles tab. Select the required level of - roaming preferences. Press OK, but do _not_ allow the computer - to reboot. - </p></li><li><p> - On the Windows 9x / Me machine, go to Control Panel -> Network -> - Client for Microsoft Networks -> Preferences. Select 'Log on to - NT Domain'. Then, ensure that the Primary Logon is 'Client for - Microsoft Networks'. Press OK, and this time allow the computer - to reboot. - </p></li></ol></div><p> -Under Windows 9x / Me Profiles are downloaded from the Primary Logon. -If you have the Primary Logon as 'Client for Novell Networks', then -the profiles and logon script will be downloaded from your Novell -Server. If you have the Primary Logon as 'Windows Logon', then the -profiles will be loaded from the local machine - a bit against the -concept of roaming profiles, it would seem! -</p><p> -You will now find that the Microsoft Networks Login box contains -[user, password, domain] instead of just [user, password]. Type in -the samba server's domain name (or any other domain known to exist, -but bear in mind that the user will be authenticated against this -domain and profiles downloaded from it, if that domain logon server -supports it), user name and user's password. -</p><p> -Once the user has been successfully validated, the Windows 9x / Me machine -will inform you that 'The user has not logged on before' and asks you -if you wish to save the user's preferences? Select 'yes'. -</p><p> -Once the Windows 9x / Me client comes up with the desktop, you should be able -to examine the contents of the directory specified in the "logon path" -on the samba server and verify that the "Desktop", "Start Menu", -"Programs" and "Nethood" folders have been created. -</p><p> -These folders will be cached locally on the client, and updated when -the user logs off (if you haven't made them read-only by then). -You will find that if the user creates further folders or short-cuts, -that the client will merge the profile contents downloaded with the -contents of the profile directory already on the local client, taking -the newest folders and short-cuts from each set. -</p><p> -If you have made the folders / files read-only on the samba server, -then you will get errors from the Windows 9x / Me machine on logon and logout, as -it attempts to merge the local and the remote profile. Basically, if -you have any errors reported by the Windows 9x / Me machine, check the Unix file -permissions and ownership rights on the profile directory contents, -on the samba server. -</p><p> -If you have problems creating user profiles, you can reset the user's -local desktop cache, as shown below. When this user then next logs in, -they will be told that they are logging in "for the first time". -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - instead of logging in under the [user, password, domain] dialog, - press escape. - </p></li><li><p> - run the regedit.exe program, and look in: - </p><p> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList - </p><p> - you will find an entry, for each user, of ProfilePath. Note the - contents of this key (likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), - then delete the key ProfilePath for the required user. - - [Exit the registry editor]. - - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING</em></span> - before deleting the contents of the - directory listed in the ProfilePath (this is likely to be - <tt>c:\windows\profiles\username)</tt>, ask them if they - have any important files stored on their desktop or in their start menu. - Delete the contents of the directory ProfilePath (making a backup if any - of the files are needed). - </p><p> - This will have the effect of removing the local (read-only hidden - system file) user.DAT in their profile directory, as well as the - local "desktop", "nethood", "start menu" and "programs" folders. - </p></li><li><p> - search for the user's .PWL password-caching file in the c:\windows - directory, and delete it. - </p></li><li><p> - log off the windows 9x / Me client. - </p></li><li><p> - check the contents of the profile path (see "logon path" described - above), and delete the user.DAT or user.MAN file for the user, - making a backup if required. - </p></li></ol></div><p> -If all else fails, increase samba's debug log levels to between 3 and 10, -and / or run a packet trace program such as ethereal or netmon.exe, and -look for error messages. -</p><p> -If you have access to an Windows NT4/200x server, then first set up roaming profiles -and / or netlogons on the Windows NT4/200x server. Make a packet trace, or examine -the example packet traces provided with Windows NT4/200x server, and see what the -differences are with the equivalent samba trace. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879358"></a>Windows NT4 Workstation</h4></div></div><p> -When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile -NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified -through the "logon path" parameter. -</p><p> -There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles: -"logon drive". This should be set to <tt>H:</tt> or any other drive, and -should be used in conjunction with the new "logon home" parameter. -</p><p> -The entry for the NT4 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT -help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS -extension. The user, while logging in, must have write permission to -create the full profile path (and the folder with the .PDS extension -for those situations where it might be created.) -</p><p> -In the profile directory, Windows NT4 creates more folders than Windows 9x / Me. -It creates "Application Data" and others, as well as "Desktop", "Nethood", -"Start Menu" and "Programs". The profile itself is stored in a file -NTuser.DAT. Nothing appears to be stored in the .PDS directory, and -its purpose is currently unknown. -</p><p> -You can use the System Control Panel to copy a local profile onto -a samba server (see NT Help on profiles: it is also capable of firing -up the correct location in the System Control Panel for you). The -NT Help file also mentions that renaming NTuser.DAT to NTuser.MAN -turns a profile into a mandatory one. -</p><p> -The case of the profile is significant. The file must be called -NTuser.DAT or, for a mandatory profile, NTuser.MAN. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879426"></a>Windows 2000/XP Professional</h4></div></div><p> -You must first convert the profile from a local profile to a domain -profile on the MS Windows workstation as follows: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Log on as the LOCAL workstation administrator. - </p></li><li><p> - Right click on the 'My Computer' Icon, select 'Properties' - </p></li><li><p> - Click on the 'User Profiles' tab - </p></li><li><p> - Select the profile you wish to convert (click on it once) - </p></li><li><p> - Click on the button 'Copy To' - </p></li><li><p> - In the "Permitted to use" box, click on the 'Change' button. - </p></li><li><p> - Click on the 'Look in" area that lists the machine name, when you click - here it will open up a selection box. Click on the domain to which the - profile must be accessible. - </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>You will need to log on if a logon box opens up. Eg: In the connect - as: MIDEARTH\root, password: mypassword.</p></div></li><li><p> - To make the profile capable of being used by anyone select 'Everyone' - </p></li><li><p> - Click OK. The Selection box will close. - </p></li><li><p> - Now click on the 'Ok' button to create the profile in the path you - nominated. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Done. You now have a profile that can be editted using the samba-3.0.0 -<tt>profiles</tt> tool. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Under NT/2K the use of mandotory profiles forces the use of MS Exchange -storage of mail data. That keeps desktop profiles usable. -</p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -This is a security check new to Windows XP (or maybe only -Windows XP service pack 1). It can be disabled via a group policy in -Active Directory. The policy is:</p><p>"Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\System\User -Profiles\Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile Folders"</p><p>...and it should be set to "Enabled". -Does the new version of samba have an Active Directory analogue? If so, -then you may be able to set the policy through this. -</p><p> -If you cannot set group policies in samba, then you may be able to set -the policy locally on each machine. If you want to try this, then do -the following (N.B. I don't know for sure that this will work in the -same way as a domain group policy): -</p></li><li><p> -On the XP workstation log in with an Administrator account. -</p></li><li><p>Click: "Start", "Run"</p></li><li><p>Type: "mmc"</p></li><li><p>Click: "OK"</p></li><li><p>A Microsoft Management Console should appear.</p></li><li><p>Click: File, "Add/Remove Snap-in...", "Add"</p></li><li><p>Double-Click: "Group Policy"</p></li><li><p>Click: "Finish", "Close"</p></li><li><p>Click: "OK"</p></li><li><p>In the "Console Root" window:</p></li><li><p>Expand: "Local Computer Policy", "Computer Configuration",</p></li><li><p>"Administrative Templates", "System", "User Profiles"</p></li><li><p>Double-Click: "Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile</p></li><li><p>Folders"</p></li><li><p>Select: "Enabled"</p></li><li><p>Click: OK"</p></li><li><p>Close the whole console. You do not need to save the settings (this - refers to the console settings rather than the policies you have - changed).</p></li><li><p>Reboot</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879695"></a>Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</h3></div></div><p> -Sharing of desktop profiles between Windows versions is NOT recommended. -Desktop profiles are an evolving phenomenon and profiles for later versions -of MS Windows clients add features that may interfere with earlier versions -of MS Windows clients. Probably the more salient reason to NOT mix profiles -is that when logging off an earlier version of MS Windows the older format -of profile contents may overwrite information that belongs to the newer -version resulting in loss of profile information content when that user logs -on again with the newer version of MS Windows. -</p><p> -If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W9x/Me, you will -need to specify a common location for the profiles. The smb.conf parameters -that need to be common are <span class="emphasis"><em>logon path</em></span> and -<span class="emphasis"><em>logon home</em></span>. -</p><p> -If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate user.DAT and -NTuser.DAT files in the same profile directory. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879742"></a>Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</h3></div></div><p> -There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the -location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the -profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as -that SMB server supports encrypted passwords. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879759"></a>Windows NT4 Profile Management Tools</h4></div></div><p> -Unfortunately, the Resource Kit information is specific to the version of MS Windows -NT4/200x. The correct resource kit is required for each platform. -</p><p> -Here is a quick guide: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -On your NT4 Domain Controller, right click on 'My Computer', then -select the tab labelled 'User Profiles'. -</p></li><li><p> -Select a user profile you want to migrate and click on it. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>I am using the term "migrate" lossely. You can copy a profile to -create a group profile. You can give the user 'Everyone' rights to the -profile you copy this to. That is what you need to do, since your samba -domain is not a member of a trust relationship with your NT4 PDC.</p></div></li><li><p>Click the 'Copy To' button.</p></li><li><p>In the box labelled 'Copy Profile to' add your new path, eg: - <tt>c:\temp\foobar</tt></p></li><li><p>Click on the button labelled 'Change' in the "Permitted to use" box.</p></li><li><p>Click on the group 'Everyone' and then click OK. This closes the - 'chose user' box.</p></li><li><p>Now click OK.</p></li></ul></div><p> -Follow the above for every profile you need to migrate. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879852"></a>Side bar Notes</h4></div></div><p> -You should obtain the SID of your NT4 domain. You can use smbpasswd to do -this. Read the man page.</p><p> -With Samba-3.0.0 alpha code you can import all you NT4 domain accounts -using the net samsync method. This way you can retain your profile -settings as well as all your users. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879874"></a>moveuser.exe</h4></div></div><p> -The W2K professional resource kit has moveuser.exe. moveuser.exe changes -the security of a profile from one user to another. This allows the account -domain to change, and/or the user name to change. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2879890"></a>Get SID</h4></div></div><p> -You can identify the SID by using GetSID.exe from the Windows NT Server 4.0 -Resource Kit. -</p><p> -Windows NT 4.0 stores the local profile information in the registry under -the following key: -HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList -</p><p> -Under the ProfileList key, there will be subkeys named with the SIDs of the -users who have logged on to this computer. (To find the profile information -for the user whose locally cached profile you want to move, find the SID for -the user with the GetSID.exe utility.) Inside of the appropriate user's -subkey, you will see a string value named ProfileImagePath. -</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2879925"></a>Mandatory profiles</h2></div></div><p> -A Mandatory Profile is a profile that the user does NOT have the ability to overwrite. -During the user's session it may be possible to change the desktop environment, but -as the user logs out all changes made will be lost. If it is desired to NOT allow the -user any ability to change the desktop environment then this must be done through -policy settings. See previous chapter. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Under NO circumstances should the profile directory (or it's contents) be made read-only -as this may render the profile un-usable. -</p></div><p> -For MS Windows NT4/200x/XP the above method can be used to create mandatory profiles -also. To convert a group profile into a mandatory profile simply locate the NTUser.DAT -file in the copied profile and rename it to NTUser.MAN. -</p><p> -For MS Windows 9x / Me it is the User.DAT file that must be renamed to User.MAN to -affect a mandatory profile. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2879970"></a>Creating/Managing Group Profiles</h2></div></div><p> -Most organisations are arranged into departments. There is a nice benenfit in -this fact since usually most users in a department will require the same desktop -applications and the same desktop layout. MS Windows NT4/200x/XP will allow the -use of Group Profiles. A Group Profile is a profile that is created firstly using -a template (example) user. Then using the profile migration tool (see above) the -profile is assigned access rights for the user group that needs to be given access -to the group profile. -</p><p> -The next step is rather important. PLEASE NOTE: Instead of assigning a group profile -to users (ie: Using User Manager) on a "per user" basis, the group itself is assigned -the now modified profile. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - Be careful with group profiles, if the user who is a member of a group also - has a personal profile, then the result will be a fusion (merge) of the two. - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2880011"></a>Default Profile for Windows Users</h2></div></div><p> -MS Windows 9x / Me and NT4/200x/XP will use a default profile for any user for whom -a profile does not already exist. Armed with a knowledge of where the default profile -is located on the Windows workstation, and knowing which registry keys affect the path -from which the default profile is created, it is possible to modify the default profile -to one that has been optimised for the site. This has significant administrative -advantages. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2880040"></a>MS Windows 9x/Me</h3></div></div><p> -To enable default per use profiles in Windows 9x / Me you can either use the Windows 98 System -Policy Editor or change the registry directly. -</p><p> -To enable default per user profiles in Windows 9x / Me, launch the System Policy Editor, then -select File -> Open Registry, then click on the Local Computer icon, click on Windows 98 System, -select User Profiles, click on the enable box. Do not forget to save the registry changes. -</p><p> -To modify the registry directly, launch the Registry Editor (regedit.exe), select the hive -<tt>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Network\Logon</tt>. Now add a DWORD type key with the name -"User Profiles", to enable user profiles set the value to 1, to disable user profiles set it to 0. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2880080"></a>How User Profiles Are Handled in Windows 9x / Me?</h4></div></div><p> -When a user logs on to a Windows 9x / Me machine, the local profile path, -<tt>HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList</tt>, is checked -for an existing entry for that user: -</p><p> -If the user has an entry in this registry location, Windows 9x / Me checks for a locally cached -version of the user profile. Windows 9x / Me also checks the user's home directory (or other -specified directory if the location has been modified) on the server for the User Profile. -If a profile exists in both locations, the newer of the two is used. If the User Profile exists -on the server, but does not exist on the local machine, the profile on the server is downloaded -and used. If the User Profile only exists on the local machine, that copy is used. -</p><p> -If a User Profile is not found in either location, the Default User Profile from the Windows 9x / Me -machine is used and is copied to a newly created folder for the logged on user. At log off, any -changes that the user made are written to the user's local profile. If the user has a roaming -profile, the changes are written to the user's profile on the server. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2880129"></a>MS Windows NT4 Workstation</h3></div></div><p> -On MS Windows NT4 the default user profile is obtained from the location -<tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles</tt> which in a default installation will translate to -<tt>C:\WinNT\Profiles</tt>. Under this directory on a clean install there will be -three (3) directories: <tt>Administrator, All Users, Default User</tt>. -</p><p> -The <tt>All Users</tt> directory contains menu settings that are common across all -system users. The <tt>Default User</tt> directory contains menu entries that are -customisable per user depending on the profile settings chosen/created. -</p><p> -When a new user first logs onto an MS Windows NT4 machine a new profile is created from: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>All Users settings</td></tr><tr><td>Default User settings (contains the default NTUser.DAT file)</td></tr></table><p> -When a user logs onto an MS Windows NT4 machine that is a member of a Microsoft security domain -the following steps are followed in respect of profile handling: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - The users' account information which is obtained during the logon process contains - the location of the users' desktop profile. The profile path may be local to the - machine or it may be located on a network share. If there exists a profile at the location - of the path from the user account, then this profile is copied to the location - <tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</tt>. This profile then inherits the - settings in the <tt>All Users</tt> profile in the <tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles</tt> - location. - </p></li><li><p> - If the user account has a profile path, but at it's location a profile does not exist, - then a new profile is created in the <tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</tt> - directory from reading the <tt>Default User</tt> profile. - </p></li><li><p> - If the NETLOGON share on the authenticating server (logon server) contains a policy file - (<tt>NTConfig.POL</tt>) then it's contents are applied to the <tt>NTUser.DAT</tt> - which is applied to the <tt>HKEY_CURRENT_USER</tt> part of the registry. - </p></li><li><p> - When the user logs out, if the profile is set to be a roaming profile it will be written - out to the location of the profile. The <tt>NTuser.DAT</tt> file is then - re-created from the contents of the <tt>HKEY_CURRENT_USER</tt> contents. - Thus, should there not exist in the NETLOGON share an <tt>NTConfig.POL</tt> at the - next logon, the effect of the provious <tt>NTConfig.POL</tt> will still be held - in the profile. The effect of this is known as <span class="emphasis"><em>tatooing</em></span>. - </p></li></ol></div><p> -MS Windows NT4 profiles may be <span class="emphasis"><em>Local</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>Roaming</em></span>. A Local profile -will stored in the <tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</tt> location. A roaming profile will -also remain stored in the same way, unless the following registry key is created: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\winlogon\ - "DeleteRoamingCache"=dword:00000001 -</pre><p> - -In which case, the local copy (in <tt>%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</tt>) will be -deleted on logout. -</p><p> -Under MS Windows NT4 default locations for common resources (like <tt>My Documents</tt> -may be redirected to a network share by modifying the following registry keys. These changes may be affected -via use of the System Policy Editor (to do so may require that you create your owns template extension -for the policy editor to allow this to be done through the GUI. Another way to do this is by way of first -creating a default user profile, then while logged in as that user, run regedt32 to edit the key settings. -</p><p> -The Registry Hive key that affects the behaviour of folders that are part of the default user profile -are controlled by entries on Windows NT4 is: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_CURRENT_USER - \Software - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders\ -</pre><p> -</p><p> -The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are: -</p><p> - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - Name Default Value - -------------- ----------------------------------------- - AppData %USERPROFILE%\Application Data - Desktop %USERPROFILE%\Desktop - Favorites %USERPROFILE%\Favorites - NetHood %USERPROFILE%\NetHood - PrintHood %USERPROFILE%\PrintHood - Programs %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs - Recent %USERPROFILE%\Recent - SendTo %USERPROFILE%\SendTo - Start Menu %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu - Startup %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup - </pre><p> - </p><p> -The registry key that contains the location of the default profile settings is: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE - \SOFTWARE - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders -</pre><p> - -The default entries are: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Common Desktop %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Desktop - Common Programs %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Programs - Common Start Menu %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu - Common Startup %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu\Progams\Startup -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2880513"></a>MS Windows 200x/XP</h3></div></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - MS Windows XP Home Edition does use default per user profiles, but can not participate - in domain security, can not log onto an NT/ADS style domain, and thus can obtain the profile - only from itself. While there are benefits in doing this the beauty of those MS Windows - clients that CAN participate in domain logon processes allows the administrator to create - a global default profile and to enforce it through the use of Group Policy Objects (GPOs). - </p></div><p> -When a new user first logs onto MS Windows 200x/XP machine the default profile is obtained from -<tt>C:\Documents and Settings\Default User</tt>. The administrator can modify (or change -the contents of this location and MS Windows 200x/XP will gladly use it. This is far from the optimum -arrangement since it will involve copying a new default profile to every MS Windows 200x/XP client -workstation. -</p><p> -When MS Windows 200x/XP participate in a domain security context, and if the default user -profile is not found, then the client will search for a default profile in the NETLOGON share -of the authenticating server. ie: In MS Windows parlance: -<tt>%LOGONSERVER%\NETLOGON\Default User</tt> and if one exits there it will copy this -to the workstation to the <tt>C:\Documents and Settings\</tt> under the Windows -login name of the user. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - This path translates, in Samba parlance, to the smb.conf [NETLOGON] share. The directory - should be created at the root of this share and must be called <tt>Default Profile</tt>. - </p></div><p> -If a default profile does not exist in this location then MS Windows 200x/XP will use the local -default profile. -</p><p> -On loging out, the users' desktop profile will be stored to the location specified in the registry -settings that pertain to the user. If no specific policies have been created, or passed to the client -during the login process (as Samba does automatically), then the user's profile will be written to -the local machine only under the path <tt>C:\Documents and Settings\%USERNAME%</tt>. -</p><p> -Those wishing to modify the default behaviour can do so through three methods: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Modify the registry keys on the local machine manually and place the new default profile in the - NETLOGON share root - NOT recommended as it is maintenance intensive. - </p></li><li><p> - Create an NT4 style NTConfig.POL file that specified this behaviour and locate this file - in the root of the NETLOGON share along with the new default profile. - </p></li><li><p> - Create a GPO that enforces this through Active Directory, and place the new default profile - in the NETLOGON share. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -The Registry Hive key that affects the behaviour of folders that are part of the default user profile -are controlled by entries on Windows 200x/XP is: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_CURRENT_USER - \Software - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders\ -</pre><p> -</p><p> -The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are: -</p><p> - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - Name Default Value - -------------- ----------------------------------------- - AppData %USERPROFILE%\Application Data - Cache %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files - Cookies %USERPROFILE%\Cookies - Desktop %USERPROFILE%\Desktop - Favorites %USERPROFILE%\Favorites - History %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\History - Local AppData %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Application Data - Local Settings %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings - My Pictures %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\My Pictures - NetHood %USERPROFILE%\NetHood - Personal %USERPROFILE%\My Documents - PrintHood %USERPROFILE%\PrintHood - Programs %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs - Recent %USERPROFILE%\Recent - SendTo %USERPROFILE%\SendTo - Start Menu %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu - Startup %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup - Templates %USERPROFILE%\Templates - </pre><p> - </p><p> -There is also an entry called "Default" that has no value set. The default entry is of type REG_SZ, all -the others are of type REG_EXPAND_SZ. -</p><p> -It makes a huge difference to the speed of handling roaming user profiles if all the folders are -stored on a dedicated location on a network server. This means that it will NOT be necessary to -write the Outlook PST file over the network for every login and logout. -</p><p> -To set this to a network location you could use the following examples: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - %LOGONSERVER%\%USERNAME%\Default Folders -</pre><p> - -This would store the folders in the user's home directory under a directory called "Default Folders" - -You could also use: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - \\SambaServer\FolderShare\%USERNAME% -</pre><p> - -in which case the default folders will be stored in the server named <span class="emphasis"><em>SambaServer</em></span> -in the share called <span class="emphasis"><em>FolderShare</em></span> under a directory that has the name of the MS Windows -user as seen by the Linux/Unix file system. -</p><p> -Please note that once you have created a default profile share, you MUST migrate a user's profile -(default or custom) to it. -</p><p> -MS Windows 200x/XP profiles may be <span class="emphasis"><em>Local</em></span> or <span class="emphasis"><em>Roaming</em></span>. -A roaming profile will be cached locally unless the following registry key is created: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\winlogon\ - "DeleteRoamingCache"=dword:00000001 -</pre><p> - -In which case, the local cache copy will be deleted on logout. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="InterdomainTrusts"></a>Chapter 19. Interdomain Trust Relationships</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Rafal Szczesniak</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:mimir@samba.org">mimir@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2878684">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881006">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881019">NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881063">NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2881087">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881114">Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881210">Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -Samba-3 supports NT4 style domain trust relationships. This is feature that many sites -will want to use if they migrate to Samba-3 from and NT4 style domain and do NOT want to -adopt Active Directory or an LDAP based authentication back end. This section explains -some background information regarding trust relationships and how to create them. It is now -possible for Samba-3 to NT4 trust (and vice versa), as well as Samba3 to Samba3 trusts. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878684"></a>Trust Relationship Background</h2></div></div><p> -MS Windows NT3.x/4.0 type security domains employ a non-hierarchical security structure. -The limitations of this architecture as it affects the scalability of MS Windows networking -in large organisations is well known. Additionally, the flat-name space that results from -this design significantly impacts the delegation of administrative responsibilities in -large and diverse organisations. -</p><p> -Microsoft developed Active Directory Service (ADS), based on Kerberos and LDAP, as a means -of circumventing the limitations of the older technologies. Not every organisation is ready -or willing to embrace ADS. For small companies the older NT4 style domain security paradigm -is quite adequate, there thus remains an entrenched user base for whom there is no direct -desire to go through a disruptive change to adopt ADS. -</p><p> -Microsoft introduced with MS Windows NT the ability to allow differing security domains -to affect a mechanism so that users from one domain may be given access rights and privileges -in another domain. The language that describes this capability is couched in terms of -<span class="emphasis"><em>Trusts</em></span>. Specifically, one domain will <span class="emphasis"><em>trust</em></span> the users -from another domain. The domain from which users are available to another security domain is -said to be a trusted domain. The domain in which those users have assigned rights and privileges -is the trusting domain. With NT3.x/4.0 all trust relationships are always in one direction only, -thus if users in both domains are to have privileges and rights in each others' domain, then it is -necessary to establish two (2) relationships, one in each direction. -</p><p> -In an NT4 style MS security domain, all trusts are non-transitive. This means that if there -are three (3) domains (let's call them RED, WHITE, and BLUE) where RED and WHITE have a trust -relationship, and WHITE and BLUE have a trust relationship, then it holds that there is no -implied trust between the RED and BLUE domains. ie: Relationships are explicit and not -transitive. -</p><p> -New to MS Windows 2000 ADS security contexts is the fact that trust relationships are two-way -by default. Also, all inter-ADS domain trusts are transitive. In the case of the RED, WHITE and BLUE -domains above, with Windows 2000 and ADS the RED and BLUE domains CAN trust each other. This is -an inherent feature of ADS domains. Samba-3 implements MS Windows NT4 -style Interdomain trusts and interoperates with MS Windows 200x ADS -security domains in similar manner to MS Windows NT4 style domains. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2881006"></a>Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</h2></div></div><p> -There are two steps to creating an interdomain trust relationship. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881019"></a>NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</h3></div></div><p> -For MS Windows NT4, all domain trust relationships are configured using the Domain User Manager. -To affect a two way trust relationship it is necessary for each domain administrator to make -available (for use by an external domain) it's security resources. This is done from the Domain -User Manager Policies entry on the menu bar. From the Policy menu, select Trust Relationships, then -next to the lower box that is labelled "Permitted to Trust this Domain" are two buttons, "Add" and -"Remove". The "Add" button will open a panel in which needs to be entered the remote domain that -will be able to assign user rights to your domain. In addition it is necessary to enter a password -that is specific to this trust relationship. The password needs to be -typed twice (for standard confirmation). -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881063"></a>NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</h3></div></div><p> -A trust relationship will work only when the other (trusting) domain makes the appropriate connections -with the trusted domain. To consumate the trust relationship the administrator will launch the -Domain User Manager, from the menu select Policies, then select Trust Relationships, then click on the -"Add" button that is next to the box that is labelled "Trusted Domains". A panel will open in -which must be entered the name of the remote domain as well as the password assigned to that trust. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2881087"></a>Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</h2></div></div><p> -This description is meant to be a fairly short introduction about how to set up a Samba server so -that it could participate in interdomain trust relationships. Trust relationship support in Samba -is in its early stage, so lot of things don't work yet. -</p><p> -Each of the procedures described below is treated as they were performed with Windows NT4 Server on -one end. The remote end could just as well be another Samba-3 domain. It can be clearly seen, after -reading this document, that combining Samba-specific parts of what's written below leads to trust -between domains in purely Samba environment. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881114"></a>Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</h3></div></div><p> -In order to set the Samba PDC to be the trusted party of the relationship first you need -to create special account for the domain that will be the trusting party. To do that, -you can use the 'smbpasswd' utility. Creating the trusted domain account is very -similiar to creating a trusted machine account. Suppose, your domain is -called SAMBA, and the remote domain is called RUMBA. The first step -will be to issue this command from your favourite shell: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="screen"> -<tt>deity#</tt> <b><tt>smbpasswd -a -i rumba</tt></b> - New SMB password: XXXXXXXX - Retype SMB password: XXXXXXXX - Added user rumba$ -</pre><p> - -where <i><tt>-a</tt></i> means to add a new account into the -passdb database and <i><tt>-i</tt></i> means: ''create this -account with the InterDomain trust flag'' -</p><p> -The account name will be 'rumba$' (the name of the remote domain) -</p><p> -After issuing this command you'll be asked to enter the password for -the account. You can use any password you want, but be aware that Windows NT will -not change this password until 7 days following account creation. -After the command returns successfully, you can look at the entry for the new account -(in the stardard way depending on your configuration) and see that account's name is -really RUMBA$ and it has 'I' flag in the flags field. Now you're ready to confirm -the trust by establishing it from Windows NT Server. -</p><p> -Open 'User Manager for Domains' and from menu 'Policies' select 'Trust Relationships...'. -Right beside 'Trusted domains' list box press 'Add...' button. You will be prompted for -the trusted domain name and the relationship password. Type in SAMBA, as this is -your domain name, and the password used at the time of account creation. -Press OK and, if everything went without incident, you will see 'Trusted domain relationship -successfully established' message. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881210"></a>Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</h3></div></div><p> -This time activities are somewhat reversed. Again, we'll assume that your domain -controlled by the Samba PDC is called SAMBA and NT-controlled domain is called RUMBA. -</p><p> -The very first thing requirement is to add an account for the SAMBA domain on RUMBA's PDC. -</p><p> -Launch the Domain User Manager, then from the menu select 'Policies', 'Trust Relationships'. -Now, next to 'Trusted Domains' box press the 'Add' button, and type in the name of the trusted -domain (SAMBA) and password securing the relationship. -</p><p> -The password can be arbitrarily chosen. It is easy to change the password -from the Samba server whenever you want. After confirming the password your account is -ready for use. Now it's Samba's turn. -</p><p> -Using your favourite shell while being logged in as root, issue this command: -</p><p> -<tt>deity# </tt><b><tt>net rpc trustdom establish rumba</tt></b> -</p><p> -You will be prompted for the password you just typed on your Windows NT4 Server box. -Do not worry if you see an error message that mentions a returned code of -NT_STATUS_NOLOGON_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_ACCOUNT. It means the -password you gave is correct and the NT4 Server says the account is -ready for interdomain connection and not for ordinary -connection. After that, be patient it can take a while (especially -in large networks), you should see the 'Success' message. Congratulations! Your trust -relationship has just been established. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Note that you have to run this command as root because you must have write access to -the <tt>secrets.tdb</tt> file. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="pam"></a>Chapter 20. PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jun 21 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2880956">Samba and PAM</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2881738">PAM Configuration in smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2881795">Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882047">Distributed Authentication</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2880956"></a>Samba and PAM</h2></div></div><p> -A number of Unix systems (eg: Sun Solaris), as well as the -xxxxBSD family and Linux, now utilize the Pluggable Authentication -Modules (PAM) facility to provide all authentication, -authorization and resource control services. Prior to the -introduction of PAM, a decision to use an alternative to -the system password database (<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>) -would require the provision of alternatives for all programs that provide -security services. Such a choice would involve provision of -alternatives to such programs as: <b>login</b>, -<b>passwd</b>, <b>chown</b>, etc. -</p><p> -PAM provides a mechanism that disconnects these security programs -from the underlying authentication/authorization infrastructure. -PAM is configured either through one file <tt>/etc/pam.conf</tt> (Solaris), -or by editing individual files that are located in <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt>. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - If the PAM authentication module (loadable link library file) is located in the - default location then it is not necessary to specify the path. In the case of - Linux, the default location is <tt>/lib/security</tt>. If the module - is located outside the default then the path must be specified as: - - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /other_path/pam_strange_module.so - </pre><p> - </p></div><p> -The following is an example <tt>/etc/pam.d/login</tt> configuration file. -This example had all options been uncommented is probably not usable -as it stacks many conditions before allowing successful completion -of the login process. Essentially all conditions can be disabled -by commenting them out except the calls to <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt>. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `login' service - # - auth required pam_securetty.so - auth required pam_nologin.so - # auth required pam_dialup.so - # auth optional pam_mail.so - auth required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 - # account requisite pam_time.so - account required pam_pwdb.so - session required pam_pwdb.so - # session optional pam_lastlog.so - # password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 -</pre><p> -PAM allows use of replacable modules. Those available on a -sample system include: -</p><p><tt>$</tt><b><tt>/bin/ls /lib/security</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - pam_access.so pam_ftp.so pam_limits.so - pam_ncp_auth.so pam_rhosts_auth.so pam_stress.so - pam_cracklib.so pam_group.so pam_listfile.so - pam_nologin.so pam_rootok.so pam_tally.so - pam_deny.so pam_issue.so pam_mail.so - pam_permit.so pam_securetty.so pam_time.so - pam_dialup.so pam_lastlog.so pam_mkhomedir.so - pam_pwdb.so pam_shells.so pam_unix.so - pam_env.so pam_ldap.so pam_motd.so - pam_radius.so pam_smbpass.so pam_unix_acct.so - pam_wheel.so pam_unix_auth.so pam_unix_passwd.so - pam_userdb.so pam_warn.so pam_unix_session.so -</pre><p> -The following example for the login program replaces the use of -the <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt> module which uses the system -password database (<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>, -<tt>/etc/shadow</tt>, <tt>/etc/group</tt>) with -the module <tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt> which uses the Samba -database which contains the Microsoft MD4 encrypted password -hashes. This database is stored in either -<tt>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</tt>, -<tt>/etc/samba/smbpasswd</tt>, or in -<tt>/etc/samba.d/smbpasswd</tt>, depending on the -Samba implementation for your Unix/Linux system. The -<tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt> module is provided by -Samba version 2.2.1 or later. It can be compiled by specifying the -<b>--with-pam_smbpass</b> options when running Samba's -<tt>configure</tt> script. For more information -on the <tt>pam_smbpass</tt> module, see the documentation -in the <tt>source/pam_smbpass</tt> directory of the Samba -source distribution. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `login' service - # - auth required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - account required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - session required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - password required pam_smbpass.so nodelay -</pre><p> -The following is the PAM configuration file for a particular -Linux system. The default condition uses <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt>. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service - # - auth required pam_pwdb.so nullok nodelay shadow audit - account required pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay - session required pam_pwdb.so nodelay - password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 -</pre><p> -In the following example the decision has been made to use the -smbpasswd database even for basic samba authentication. Such a -decision could also be made for the passwd program and would -thus allow the smbpasswd passwords to be changed using the passwd -program. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service - # - auth required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - account required pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay - session required pam_pwdb.so nodelay - password required pam_smbpass.so nodelay smbconf=/etc/samba.d/smb.conf -</pre><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>PAM allows stacking of authentication mechanisms. It is -also possible to pass information obtained within one PAM module through -to the next module in the PAM stack. Please refer to the documentation for -your particular system implementation for details regarding the specific -capabilities of PAM in this environment. Some Linux implmentations also -provide the <tt>pam_stack.so</tt> module that allows all -authentication to be configured in a single central file. The -<tt>pam_stack.so</tt> method has some very devoted followers -on the basis that it allows for easier administration. As with all issues in -life though, every decision makes trade-offs, so you may want examine the -PAM documentation for further helpful information. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881738"></a>PAM Configuration in smb.conf</h3></div></div><p> -There is an option in smb.conf called <a href="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS" target="_top">obey pam restrictions</a>. -The following is from the on-line help for this option in SWAT; -</p><p> -When Samba is configured to enable PAM support (i.e. -<tt>--with-pam</tt>), this parameter will -control whether or not Samba should obey PAM's account -and session management directives. The default behavior -is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to -ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba always -ignores PAM for authentication in the case of -<a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">encrypt passwords = yes</a>. -The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response -authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB -password encryption. -</p><p>Default: <b>obey pam restrictions = no</b></p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2881795"></a>Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</h3></div></div><p> -pam_smbpass is a PAM module which can be used on conforming systems to -keep the smbpasswd (Samba password) database in sync with the unix -password file. PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) is an API supported -under some Unices, such as Solaris, HPUX and Linux, that provides a -generic interface to authentication mechanisms. -</p><p> -For more information on PAM, see http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/ -</p><p> -This module authenticates a local smbpasswd user database. If you require -support for authenticating against a remote SMB server, or if you're -concerned about the presence of suid root binaries on your system, it is -recommended that you use pam_winbind instead. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Options recognized by this module are as follows: - - debug - log more debugging info - audit - like debug, but also logs unknown usernames - use_first_pass - don't prompt the user for passwords; - take them from PAM_ items instead - try_first_pass - try to get the password from a previous - PAM module, fall back to prompting the user - use_authtok - like try_first_pass, but *fail* if the new - PAM_AUTHTOK has not been previously set. - (intended for stacking password modules only) - not_set_pass - don't make passwords used by this module - available to other modules. - nodelay - don't insert ~1 second delays on authentication - failure. - nullok - null passwords are allowed. - nonull - null passwords are not allowed. Used to - override the Samba configuration. - migrate - only meaningful in an "auth" context; - used to update smbpasswd file with a - password used for successful authentication. - smbconf=< file > - specify an alternate path to the smb.conf - file. -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -Thanks go to the following people: - - * Andrew Morgan < morgan@transmeta.com >, for providing the Linux-PAM - framework, without which none of this would have happened - - * Christian Gafton < gafton@redhat.com > and Andrew Morgan again, for the - pam_pwdb module upon which pam_smbpass was originally based - - * Luke Leighton < lkcl@switchboard.net > for being receptive to the idea, - and for the occasional good-natured complaint about the project's status - that keep me working on it :) - - * and of course, all the other members of the Samba team - <http://www.samba.org/samba/team.html>, for creating a great product - and for giving this project a purpose - - --------------------- - Stephen Langasek < vorlon@netexpress.net > -</pre><p> -The following are examples of the use of pam_smbpass.so in the format of Linux -<tt>/etc/pam.d/</tt> files structure. Those wishing to implement this -tool on other platforms will need to adapt this appropriately. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2881907"></a>Password Synchonisation Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to make -sure private/smbpasswd is kept in sync when /etc/passwd (/etc/shadow) -is changed. Useful when an expired password might be changed by an -application (such as ssh). -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-sync - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth required pam_unix.so - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2881941"></a>Password Migration Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to migrate -from plaintext to encrypted passwords for Samba. Unlike other methods, -this can be used for users who have never connected to Samba shares: -password migration takes place when users ftp in, login using ssh, pop -their mail, etc. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-migration - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - # pam_smbpass is called IFF pam_unix succeeds. - auth requisite pam_unix.so - auth optional pam_smbpass.so migrate - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2881978"></a>Mature Password Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration for a 'mature' smbpasswd installation. -private/smbpasswd is fully populated, and we consider it an error if -the smbpasswd doesn't exist or doesn't match the Unix password. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-mature - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth required pam_unix.so - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_smbpass.so use_authtok use_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2882011"></a>Kerberos Password Integration Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows pam_smbpass used together with -pam_krb5. This could be useful on a Samba PDC that is also a member of -a Kerberos realm. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # kdc-pdc - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth requisite pam_krb5.so - auth optional pam_smbpass.so migrate - account required pam_krb5.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_krb5.so use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_krb5.so -</pre></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2882047"></a>Distributed Authentication</h2></div></div><p> -The astute administrator will realize from this that the -combination of <tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt>, -<b>winbindd</b>, and a distributed -passdb backend, such as ldap, will allow the establishment of a -centrally managed, distributed -user/password database that can also be used by all -PAM (eg: Linux) aware programs and applications. This arrangement -can have particularly potent advantages compared with the -use of Microsoft Active Directory Service (ADS) in so far as -reduction of wide area network authentication traffic. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="VFS"></a>Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Alexander Bokovoy</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Tim Potter</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Simo Sorce</h3></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2881331">Introduction and configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882249">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882256">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882295">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882416">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882554">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2882592">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882614">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2882669">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2881331"></a>Introduction and configuration</h2></div></div><p> -Since samba 3.0, samba supports stackable VFS(Virtual File System) modules. -Samba passes each request to access the unix file system thru the loaded VFS modules. -This chapter covers all the modules that come with the samba source and references to -some external modules. -</p><p> -You may have problems to compile these modules, as shared libraries are -compiled and linked in different ways on different systems. -They currently have been tested against GNU/linux and IRIX. -</p><p> -To use the VFS modules, create a share similar to the one below. The -important parameter is the <b>vfs object</b> parameter which must point to -the exact pathname of the shared library objects. For example, to log all access -to files and use a recycle bin: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [audit] - comment = Audited /data directory - path = /data - vfs object = /path/to/audit.so /path/to/recycle.so - writeable = yes - browseable = yes -</pre><p> -</p><p> -The modules are used in the order they are specified. -</p><p> -Further documentation on writing VFS modules for Samba can be found in -the Samba Developers Guide. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2882249"></a>Included modules</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882256"></a>audit</h3></div></div><p>A simple module to audit file access to the syslog -facility. The following operations are logged: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>share</td></tr><tr><td>connect/disconnect</td></tr><tr><td>directory opens/create/remove</td></tr><tr><td>file open/close/rename/unlink/chmod</td></tr></table><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882295"></a>extd_audit</h3></div></div><p> -This module is identical with the <span class="emphasis"><em>audit</em></span> module above except -that it sends audit logs to both syslog as well as the smbd log file/s. The -loglevel for this module is set in the smb.conf file. -</p><p> -The logging information that will be written to the smbd log file is controlled by -the <span class="emphasis"><em>log level</em></span> parameter in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. The -following information will be recorded: -</p><div class="table"><a name="id2882333"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 21.1. Extended Auditing Log Information</b></p><table summary="Extended Auditing Log Information" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="center">Log Level</th><th align="center">Log Details - File and Directory Operations</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="center">0</td><td align="left">Creation / Deletion</td></tr><tr><td align="center">1</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Permission Changes</td></tr><tr><td align="center">2</td><td align="left">Create / Delete / Rename / Perm Change / Open / Close</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882416"></a>recycle</h3></div></div><p> -A recycle-bin like module. When used any unlink call -will be intercepted and files moved to the recycle -directory instead of being deleted. -</p><p>Supported options: -</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:repository</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:keeptree</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:versions</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:touch</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:maxsize</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:exclude</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:exclude_dir</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd><dt><span class="term">vfs_recycle_bin:noversions</span></dt><dd><p>FIXME</p></dd></dl></div><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882554"></a>netatalk</h3></div></div><p> -A netatalk module, that will ease co-existence of samba and -netatalk file sharing services. -</p><p>Advantages compared to the old netatalk module: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>it doesn't care about creating of .AppleDouble forks, just keeps them in sync</td></tr><tr><td>if share in smb.conf doesn't contain .AppleDouble item in hide or veto list, it will be added automatically</td></tr></table><p> -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2882592"></a>VFS modules available elsewhere</h2></div></div><p> -This section contains a listing of various other VFS modules that -have been posted but don't currently reside in the Samba CVS -tree for one reason or another (e.g. it is easy for the maintainer -to have his or her own CVS tree). -</p><p> -No statemets about the stability or functionality of any module -should be implied due to its presence here. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882614"></a>DatabaseFS</h3></div></div><p> -URL: <a href="http://www.css.tayloru.edu/~elorimer/databasefs/index.php" target="_top">http://www.css.tayloru.edu/~elorimer/databasefs/index.php</a> -</p><p>By <a href="mailto:elorimer@css.tayloru.edu" target="_top">Eric Lorimer</a>.</p><p> -I have created a VFS module which implements a fairly complete read-only -filesystem. It presents information from a database as a filesystem in -a modular and generic way to allow different databases to be used -(originally designed for organizing MP3s under directories such as -"Artists," "Song Keywords," etc... I have since applied it to a student -roster database very easily). The directory structure is stored in the -database itself and the module makes no assumptions about the database -structure beyond the table it requires to run. -</p><p> -Any feedback would be appreciated: comments, suggestions, patches, -etc... If nothing else, hopefully it might prove useful for someone -else who wishes to create a virtual filesystem. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882669"></a>vscan</h3></div></div><p>URL: <a href="http://www.openantivirus.org/" target="_top">http://www.openantivirus.org/</a></p><p> -samba-vscan is a proof-of-concept module for Samba, which -uses the VFS (virtual file system) features of Samba 2.2.x/3.0 -alphaX. Of couse, Samba has to be compiled with VFS support. -samba-vscan supports various virus scanners and is maintained -by Rainer Link. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="msdfs"></a>Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Shirish Kalele</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team & Veritas Software<br></span><div class="address"><p><br> - <tt><<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org</a>></tt><br> - </p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Jul 2000</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2882214">Instructions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2882961">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2882214"></a>Instructions</h2></div></div><p>The Distributed File System (or Dfs) provides a means of - separating the logical view of files and directories that users - see from the actual physical locations of these resources on the - network. It allows for higher availability, smoother storage expansion, - load balancing etc. For more information about Dfs, refer to <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/NTServer/nts/downloads/winfeatures/NTSDistrFile/AdminGuide.asp" target="_top"> - Microsoft documentation</a>. </p><p>This document explains how to host a Dfs tree on a Unix - machine (for Dfs-aware clients to browse) using Samba.</p><p>To enable SMB-based DFS for Samba, configure it with the - <i><tt>--with-msdfs</tt></i> option. Once built, a - Samba server can be made a Dfs server by setting the global - boolean <a href="smb.conf.5.html#HOSTMSDFS" target="_top"><i><tt> - host msdfs</tt></i></a> parameter in the <tt>smb.conf - </tt> file. You designate a share as a Dfs root using the share - level boolean <a href="smb.conf.5.html#MSDFSROOT" target="_top"><i><tt> - msdfs root</tt></i></a> parameter. A Dfs root directory on - Samba hosts Dfs links in the form of symbolic links that point - to other servers. For example, a symbolic link - <tt>junction->msdfs:storage1\share1</tt> in - the share directory acts as the Dfs junction. When Dfs-aware - clients attempt to access the junction link, they are redirected - to the storage location (in this case, \\storage1\share1).</p><p>Dfs trees on Samba work with all Dfs-aware clients ranging - from Windows 95 to 2000.</p><p>Here's an example of setting up a Dfs tree on a Samba - server.</p><pre class="programlisting"> -# The smb.conf file: -[global] - netbios name = SAMBA - host msdfs = yes - -[dfs] - path = /export/dfsroot - msdfs root = yes - </pre><p>In the /export/dfsroot directory we set up our dfs links to - other servers on the network.</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>cd /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>chown root /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>chmod 755 /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>ln -s msdfs:storageA\\shareA linka</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>ln -s msdfs:serverB\\share,serverC\\share linkb</tt></b></p><p>You should set up the permissions and ownership of - the directory acting as the Dfs root such that only designated - users can create, delete or modify the msdfs links. Also note - that symlink names should be all lowercase. This limitation exists - to have Samba avoid trying all the case combinations to get at - the link name. Finally set up the symbolic links to point to the - network shares you want, and start Samba.</p><p>Users on Dfs-aware clients can now browse the Dfs tree - on the Samba server at \\samba\dfs. Accessing - links linka or linkb (which appear as directories to the client) - takes users directly to the appropriate shares on the network.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2882961"></a>Notes</h3></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Windows clients need to be rebooted - if a previously mounted non-dfs share is made a dfs - root or vice versa. A better way is to introduce a - new share and make it the dfs root.</p></li><li><p>Currently there's a restriction that msdfs - symlink names should all be lowercase.</p></li><li><p>For security purposes, the directory - acting as the root of the Dfs tree should have ownership - and permissions set so that only designated users can - modify the symbolic links in the directory.</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2882745">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883178">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883316">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883360">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883403">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2883498">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2883030">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883069">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883112">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883144">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883156">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -This section deals with NetBIOS over TCP/IP name to IP address resolution. If -your MS Windows clients are NOT configured to use NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this -section does not apply to your installation. If your installation involves use of -NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this section may help you to resolve networking problems. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - NetBIOS over TCP/IP has nothing to do with NetBEUI. NetBEUI is NetBIOS - over Logical Link Control (LLC). On modern networks it is highly advised - to NOT run NetBEUI at all. Note also that there is NO such thing as - NetBEUI over TCP/IP - the existence of such a protocol is a complete - and utter mis-apprehension. -</p></div><p> -Since the introduction of MS Windows 2000 it is possible to run MS Windows networking -without the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP. NetBIOS over TCP/IP uses UDP port 137 for NetBIOS -name resolution and uses TCP port 139 for NetBIOS session services. When NetBIOS over -TCP/IP is disabled on MS Windows 2000 and later clients then only TCP port 445 will be -used and UDP port 137 and TCP port 139 will not. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -When using Windows 2000 or later clients, if NetBIOS over TCP/IP is NOT disabled, then -the client will use UDP port 137 (NetBIOS Name Service, also known as the Windows Internet -Name Service or WINS), TCP port 139 AND TCP port 445 (for actual file and print traffic). -</p></div><p> -When NetBIOS over TCP/IP is disabled the use of DNS is essential. Most installations that -disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP today use MS Active Directory Service (ADS). ADS requires -Dynamic DNS with Service Resource Records (SRV RR) and with Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR). -Use of DHCP with ADS is recommended as a further means of maintaining central control -over client workstation network configuration. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2882745"></a>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</h2></div></div><p> -The key configuration files covered in this section are: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883178"></a><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><p> -Contains a static list of IP Addresses and names. -eg: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain - 192.168.1.1 bigbox.caldera.com bigbox alias4box -</pre><p> -The purpose of <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is to provide a -name resolution mechanism so that uses do not need to remember -IP addresses. -</p><p> -Network packets that are sent over the physical network transport -layer communicate not via IP addresses but rather using the Media -Access Control address, or MAC address. IP Addresses are currently -32 bits in length and are typically presented as four (4) decimal -numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1 -</p><p> -MAC Addresses use 48 bits (or 6 bytes) and are typically represented -as two digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. eg: -40:8e:0a:12:34:56 -</p><p> -Every network interfrace must have an MAC address. Associated with -a MAC address there may be one or more IP addresses. There is NO -relationship between an IP address and a MAC address, all such assignments -are arbitary or discretionary in nature. At the most basic level all -network communications takes place using MAC addressing. Since MAC -addresses must be globally unique, and generally remains fixed for -any particular interface, the assignment of an IP address makes sense -from a network management perspective. More than one IP address can -be assigned per MAC address. One address must be the primary IP address, -this is the address that will be returned in the ARP reply. -</p><p> -When a user or a process wants to communicate with another machine -the protocol implementation ensures that the "machine name" or "host -name" is resolved to an IP address in a manner that is controlled -by the TCP/IP configuration control files. The file -<tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is one such file. -</p><p> -When the IP address of the destination interface has been -determined a protocol called ARP/RARP is used to identify -the MAC address of the target interface. ARP stands for Address -Resolution Protocol, and is a broadcast oriented method that -uses UDP (User Datagram Protocol) to send a request to all -interfaces on the local network segment using the all 1's MAC -address. Network interfaces are programmed to respond to two -MAC addresses only; their own unique address and the address -ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. The reply packet from an ARP request will -contain the MAC address and the primary IP address for each -interface. -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file is foundational to all -Unix/Linux TCP/IP installations and as a minumum will contain -the localhost and local network interface IP addresses and the -primary names by which they are known within the local machine. -This file helps to prime the pump so that a basic level of name -resolution can exist before any other method of name resolution -becomes available. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883316"></a><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -This file tells the name resolution libraries: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The name of the domain to which the machine - belongs - </p></li><li><p>The name(s) of any domains that should be - automatically searched when trying to resolve unqualified - host names to their IP address - </p></li><li><p>The name or IP address of available Domain - Name Servers that may be asked to perform name to address - translation lookups - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883360"></a><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -<tt>/etc/host.conf</tt> is the primary means by -which the setting in /etc/resolv.conf may be affected. It is a -critical configuration file. This file controls the order by -which name resolution may procede. The typical structure is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - order hosts,bind - multi on -</pre><p> -then both addresses should be returned. Please refer to the -man page for host.conf for further details. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883403"></a><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -This file controls the actual name resolution targets. The -file typically has resolver object specifications as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # /etc/nsswitch.conf - # - # Name Service Switch configuration file. - # - - passwd: compat - # Alternative entries for password authentication are: - # passwd: compat files nis ldap winbind - shadow: compat - group: compat - - hosts: files nis dns - # Alternative entries for host name resolution are: - # hosts: files dns nis nis+ hesoid db compat ldap wins - networks: nis files dns - - ethers: nis files - protocols: nis files - rpc: nis files - services: nis files -</pre><p> -Of course, each of these mechanisms requires that the appropriate -facilities and/or services are correctly configured. -</p><p> -It should be noted that unless a network request/message must be -sent, TCP/IP networks are silent. All TCP/IP communications assumes a -principal of speaking only when necessary. -</p><p> -Starting with version 2.2.0 samba has Linux support for extensions to -the name service switch infrastructure so that linux clients will -be able to obtain resolution of MS Windows NetBIOS names to IP -Addresses. To gain this functionality Samba needs to be compiled -with appropriate arguments to the make command (ie: <b>make -nsswitch/libnss_wins.so</b>). The resulting library should -then be installed in the <tt>/lib</tt> directory and -the "wins" parameter needs to be added to the "hosts:" line in -the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file. At this point it -will be possible to ping any MS Windows machine by it's NetBIOS -machine name, so long as that machine is within the workgroup to -which both the samba machine and the MS Windows machine belong. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2883498"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><p> -MS Windows networking is predicated about the name each machine -is given. This name is known variously (and inconsistently) as -the "computer name", "machine name", "networking name", "netbios name", -"SMB name". All terms mean the same thing with the exception of -"netbios name" which can apply also to the name of the workgroup or the -domain name. The terms "workgroup" and "domain" are really just a -simply name with which the machine is associated. All NetBIOS names -are exactly 16 characters in length. The 16th character is reserved. -It is used to store a one byte value that indicates service level -information for the NetBIOS name that is registered. A NetBIOS machine -name is therefore registered for each service type that is provided by -the client/server. -</p><p> -The following are typical NetBIOS name/service type registrations: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Unique NetBIOS Names: - MACHINENAME<00> = Server Service is running on MACHINENAME - MACHINENAME<03> = Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name) - MACHINENAME<20> = LanMan Server service is running on MACHINENAME - WORKGROUP<1b> = Domain Master Browser - - Group Names: - WORKGROUP<03> = Generic Name registered by all members of WORKGROUP - WORKGROUP<1c> = Domain Controllers / Netlogon Servers - WORKGROUP<1d> = Local Master Browsers - WORKGROUP<1e> = Internet Name Resolvers -</pre><p> -It should be noted that all NetBIOS machines register their own -names as per the above. This is in vast contrast to TCP/IP -installations where traditionally the system administrator will -determine in the /etc/hosts or in the DNS database what names -are associated with each IP address. -</p><p> -One further point of clarification should be noted, the <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> -file and the DNS records do not provide the NetBIOS name type information -that MS Windows clients depend on to locate the type of service that may -be needed. An example of this is what happens when an MS Windows client -wants to locate a domain logon server. It finds this service and the IP -address of a server that provides it by performing a lookup (via a -NetBIOS broadcast) for enumeration of all machines that have -registered the name type *<1c>. A logon request is then sent to each -IP address that is returned in the enumerated list of IP addresses. Which -ever machine first replies then ends up providing the logon services. -</p><p> -The name "workgroup" or "domain" really can be confusing since these -have the added significance of indicating what is the security -architecture of the MS Windows network. The term "workgroup" indicates -that the primary nature of the network environment is that of a -peer-to-peer design. In a WORKGROUP all machines are responsible for -their own security, and generally such security is limited to use of -just a password (known as SHARE MODE security). In most situations -with peer-to-peer networking the users who control their own machines -will simply opt to have no security at all. It is possible to have -USER MODE security in a WORKGROUP environment, thus requiring use -of a user name and a matching password. -</p><p> -MS Windows networking is thus predetermined to use machine names -for all local and remote machine message passing. The protocol used is -called Server Message Block (SMB) and this is implemented using -the NetBIOS protocol (Network Basic Input Output System). NetBIOS can -be encapsulated using LLC (Logical Link Control) protocol - in which case -the resulting protocol is called NetBEUI (Network Basic Extended User -Interface). NetBIOS can also be run over IPX (Internetworking Packet -Exchange) protocol as used by Novell NetWare, and it can be run -over TCP/IP protocols - in which case the resulting protocol is called -NBT or NetBT, the NetBIOS over TCP/IP. -</p><p> -MS Windows machines use a complex array of name resolution mechanisms. -Since we are primarily concerned with TCP/IP this demonstration is -limited to this area. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883030"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><p> -All MS Windows machines employ an in memory buffer in which is -stored the NetBIOS names and IP addresses for all external -machines that that machine has communicated with over the -past 10-15 minutes. It is more efficient to obtain an IP address -for a machine from the local cache than it is to go through all the -configured name resolution mechanisms. -</p><p> -If a machine whose name is in the local name cache has been shut -down before the name had been expired and flushed from the cache, then -an attempt to exchange a message with that machine will be subject -to time-out delays. i.e.: Its name is in the cache, so a name resolution -lookup will succeed, but the machine can not respond. This can be -frustrating for users - but it is a characteristic of the protocol. -</p><p> -The MS Windows utility that allows examination of the NetBIOS -name cache is called "nbtstat". The Samba equivalent of this -is called "nmblookup". -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883069"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> -This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or -2000 in <tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains -the IP Address and the machine name in matched pairs. The -<tt>LMHOSTS</tt> file performs NetBIOS name -to IP address mapping. -</p><p> -It typically looks like: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # Copyright (c) 1998 Microsoft Corp. - # - # This is a sample LMHOSTS file used by the Microsoft Wins Client (NetBIOS - # over TCP/IP) stack for Windows98 - # - # This file contains the mappings of IP addresses to NT computernames - # (NetBIOS) names. Each entry should be kept on an individual line. - # The IP address should be placed in the first column followed by the - # corresponding computername. The address and the comptername - # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" character - # is generally used to denote the start of a comment (see the exceptions - # below). - # - # This file is compatible with Microsoft LAN Manager 2.x TCP/IP lmhosts - # files and offers the following extensions: - # - # #PRE - # #DOM:<domain> - # #INCLUDE <filename> - # #BEGIN_ALTERNATE - # #END_ALTERNATE - # \0xnn (non-printing character support) - # - # Following any entry in the file with the characters "#PRE" will cause - # the entry to be preloaded into the name cache. By default, entries are - # not preloaded, but are parsed only after dynamic name resolution fails. - # - # Following an entry with the "#DOM:<domain>" tag will associate the - # entry with the domain specified by <domain>. This affects how the - # browser and logon services behave in TCP/IP environments. To preload - # the host name associated with #DOM entry, it is necessary to also add a - # #PRE to the line. The <domain> is always preloaded although it will not - # be shown when the name cache is viewed. - # - # Specifying "#INCLUDE <filename>" will force the RFC NetBIOS (NBT) - # software to seek the specified <filename> and parse it as if it were - # local. <filename> is generally a UNC-based name, allowing a - # centralized lmhosts file to be maintained on a server. - # It is ALWAYS necessary to provide a mapping for the IP address of the - # server prior to the #INCLUDE. This mapping must use the #PRE directive. - # In addtion the share "public" in the example below must be in the - # LanManServer list of "NullSessionShares" in order for client machines to - # be able to read the lmhosts file successfully. This key is under - # \machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\nullsessionshares - # in the registry. Simply add "public" to the list found there. - # - # The #BEGIN_ and #END_ALTERNATE keywords allow multiple #INCLUDE - # statements to be grouped together. Any single successful include - # will cause the group to succeed. - # - # Finally, non-printing characters can be embedded in mappings by - # first surrounding the NetBIOS name in quotations, then using the - # \0xnn notation to specify a hex value for a non-printing character. - # - # The following example illustrates all of these extensions: - # - # 102.54.94.97 rhino #PRE #DOM:networking #net group's DC - # 102.54.94.102 "appname \0x14" #special app server - # 102.54.94.123 popular #PRE #source server - # 102.54.94.117 localsrv #PRE #needed for the include - # - # #BEGIN_ALTERNATE - # #INCLUDE \\localsrv\public\lmhosts - # #INCLUDE \\rhino\public\lmhosts - # #END_ALTERNATE - # - # In the above example, the "appname" server contains a special - # character in its name, the "popular" and "localsrv" server names are - # preloaded, and the "rhino" server name is specified so it can be used - # to later #INCLUDE a centrally maintained lmhosts file if the "localsrv" - # system is unavailable. - # - # Note that the whole file is parsed including comments on each lookup, - # so keeping the number of comments to a minimum will improve performance. - # Therefore it is not advisable to simply add lmhosts file entries onto the - # end of this file. -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883112"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> -This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or 2000 in -<tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains -the IP Address and the IP hostname in matched pairs. It can be -used by the name resolution infrastructure in MS Windows, depending -on how the TCP/IP environment is configured. This file is in -every way the equivalent of the Unix/Linux <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883144"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> -This capability is configured in the TCP/IP setup area in the network -configuration facility. If enabled an elaborate name resolution sequence -is followed the precise nature of which is dependant on what the NetBIOS -Node Type parameter is configured to. A Node Type of 0 means use -NetBIOS broadcast (over UDP broadcast) is first used if the name -that is the subject of a name lookup is not found in the NetBIOS name -cache. If that fails then DNS, HOSTS and LMHOSTS are checked. If set to -Node Type 8, then a NetBIOS Unicast (over UDP Unicast) is sent to the -WINS Server to obtain a lookup before DNS, HOSTS, LMHOSTS, or broadcast -lookup is used. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2883156"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> -A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivaent of the -rfc1001/1002 specified NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server). A WINS server stores -the names and IP addresses that are registered by a Windows client -if the TCP/IP setup has been given at least one WINS Server IP Address. -</p><p> -To configure Samba to be a WINS server the following parameter needs -to be added to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins support = Yes -</pre><p> -To configure Samba to use a WINS server the following parameters are -needed in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins support = No - wins server = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -</pre><p> -where <i><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt></i> is the IP address -of the WINS server. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="securing-samba"></a>Chapter 24. Securing Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">17 March 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2883603">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883619">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884070">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884122">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884164">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883724">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2883760">Upgrading Samba</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2883603"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This note was attached to the Samba 2.2.8 release notes as it contained an -important security fix. The information contained here applies to Samba -installations in general. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2883619"></a>Using host based protection</h2></div></div><p> -In many installations of Samba the greatest threat comes for outside -your immediate network. By default Samba will accept connections from -any host, which means that if you run an insecure version of Samba on -a host that is directly connected to the Internet you can be -especially vulnerable. -</p><p> -One of the simplest fixes in this case is to use the <b>hosts allow</b> and -<b>hosts deny</b> options in the Samba <tt>smb.conf</tt> configuration file to only -allow access to your server from a specific range of hosts. An example -might be: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - hosts allow = 127.0.0.1 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.3.0/24 - hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/0 -</pre><p> -The above will only allow SMB connections from 'localhost' (your own -computer) and from the two private networks 192.168.2 and -192.168.3. All other connections will be refused as soon -as the client sends its first packet. The refusal will be marked as a -'not listening on called name' error. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884070"></a>Using interface protection</h2></div></div><p> -By default Samba will accept connections on any network interface that -it finds on your system. That means if you have a ISDN line or a PPP -connection to the Internet then Samba will accept connections on those -links. This may not be what you want. -</p><p> -You can change this behaviour using options like the following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - interfaces = eth* lo - bind interfaces only = yes -</pre><p> -This tells Samba to only listen for connections on interfaces with a -name starting with 'eth' such as eth0, eth1, plus on the loopback -interface called 'lo'. The name you will need to use depends on what -OS you are using, in the above I used the common name for Ethernet -adapters on Linux. -</p><p> -If you use the above and someone tries to make a SMB connection to -your host over a PPP interface called 'ppp0' then they will get a TCP -connection refused reply. In that case no Samba code is run at all as -the operating system has been told not to pass connections from that -interface to any samba process. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884122"></a>Using a firewall</h2></div></div><p> -Many people use a firewall to deny access to services that they don't -want exposed outside their network. This can be a very good idea, -although I would recommend using it in conjunction with the above -methods so that you are protected even if your firewall is not active -for some reason. -</p><p> -If you are setting up a firewall then you need to know what TCP and -UDP ports to allow and block. Samba uses the following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - UDP/137 - used by nmbd - UDP/138 - used by nmbd - TCP/139 - used by smbd - TCP/445 - used by smbd -</pre><p> -The last one is important as many older firewall setups may not be -aware of it, given that this port was only added to the protocol in -recent years. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884164"></a>Using a IPC$ share deny</h2></div></div><p> -If the above methods are not suitable, then you could also place a -more specific deny on the IPC$ share that is used in the recently -discovered security hole. This allows you to offer access to other -shares while denying access to IPC$ from potentially untrustworthy -hosts. -</p><p> -To do that you could use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [ipc$] - hosts allow = 192.168.115.0/24 127.0.0.1 - hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/0 -</pre><p> -this would tell Samba that IPC$ connections are not allowed from -anywhere but the two listed places (localhost and a local -subnet). Connections to other shares would still be allowed. As the -IPC$ share is the only share that is always accessible anonymously -this provides some level of protection against attackers that do not -know a username/password for your host. -</p><p> -If you use this method then clients will be given a 'access denied' -reply when they try to access the IPC$ share. That means that those -clients will not be able to browse shares, and may also be unable to -access some other resources. -</p><p> -This is not recommended unless you cannot use one of the other -methods listed above for some reason. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2883724"></a>NTLMv2 Security</h2></div></div><p> -To configure NTLMv2 authentication the following registry keys are worth knowing about: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa] - "lmcompatibilitylevel"=dword:00000003 - - 0x3 - Send NTLMv2 response only. Clients will use NTLMv2 authentication, - use NTLMv2 session security if the server supports it. Domain - controllers accept LM, NTLM and NTLMv2 authentication. - - [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Lsa\MSV1_0] - "NtlmMinClientSec"=dword:00080000 - - 0x80000 - NTLMv2 session security. If either NtlmMinClientSec or - NtlmMinServerSec is set to 0x80000, the connection will fail if NTLMv2 - session security is not negotiated. -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2883760"></a>Upgrading Samba</h2></div></div><p> -Please check regularly on <a href="http://www.samba.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba.org/</a> for updates and -important announcements. Occasionally security releases are made and -it is highly recommended to upgrade Samba when a security vulnerability -is discovered. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unicode"></a>Chapter 25. Unicode/Charsets</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">TAKAHASHI Motonobu</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:monyo@home.monyo.com">monyo@home.monyo.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">25 March 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2884358">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884428">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884517">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884562">Japanese charsets</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884358"></a>What are charsets and unicode?</h2></div></div><p> -Computers communicate in numbers. In texts, each number will be -translated to a corresponding letter. The meaning that will be assigned -to a certain number depends on the <span class="emphasis"><em>character set(charset) -</em></span> that is used. -A charset can be seen as a table that is used to translate numbers to -letters. Not all computers use the same charset (there are charsets -with German umlauts, Japanese characters, etc). Usually a charset contains -256 characters, which means that storing a character with it takes -exactly one byte. </p><p> -There are also charsets that support even more characters, -but those need twice(or even more) as much storage space. These -charsets can contain <b>256 * 256 = 65536</b> characters, which -is more then all possible characters one could think of. They are called -multibyte charsets (because they use more then one byte to -store one character). -</p><p> -A standardised multibyte charset is unicode, info is available at -<a href="http://www.unicode.org/" target="_top">www.unicode.org</a>. -A big advantage of using a multibyte charset is that you only need one; no -need to make sure two computers use the same charset when they are -communicating. -</p><p>Old windows clients used to use single-byte charsets, named -'codepages' by microsoft. However, there is no support for -negotiating the charset to be used in the smb protocol. Thus, you -have to make sure you are using the same charset when talking to an old client. -Newer clients (Windows NT, 2K, XP) talk unicode over the wire. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884428"></a>Samba and charsets</h2></div></div><p> -As of samba 3.0, samba can (and will) talk unicode over the wire. Internally, -samba knows of three kinds of character sets: -</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">unix charset</span></dt><dd><p> - This is the charset used internally by your operating system. - The default is <tt>ASCII</tt>, which is fine for most - systems. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">display charset</span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba will use to print messages - on your screen. It should generally be the same as the <b>unix charset</b>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">dos charset</span></dt><dd><p>This is the charset samba uses when communicating with - DOS and Windows 9x clients. It will talk unicode to all newer clients. - The default depends on the charsets you have installed on your system. - Run <b>testparm -v | grep "dos charset"</b> to see - what the default is on your system. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884517"></a>Conversion from old names</h2></div></div><p>Because previous samba versions did not do any charset conversion, -characters in filenames are usually not correct in the unix charset but only -for the local charset used by the DOS/Windows clients.</p><p>The following script from Steve Langasek converts all -filenames from CP850 to the iso8859-15 charset.</p><p> -<tt>#</tt><b><tt>find <i><tt>/path/to/share</tt></i> -type f -exec bash -c 'CP="{}"; ISO=`echo -n "$CP" | iconv -f cp850 \ - -t iso8859-15`; if [ "$CP" != "$ISO" ]; then mv "$CP" "$ISO"; fi' \; -</tt></b> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884562"></a>Japanese charsets</h2></div></div><p>Samba doesn't work correctly with Japanese charsets yet. Here are -points of attention when setting it up:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You should set <b>mangling method = -hash</b></p></li><li><p>There are various iconv() implementations around and not -all of them work equally well. glibc2's iconv() has a critical problem -in CP932. libiconv-1.8 works with CP932 but still has some problems and -does not work with EUC-JP.</p></li><li><p>You should set <b>dos charset = CP932</b>, not -Shift_JIS, SJIS...</p></li><li><p>Currently only <b>unix charset = CP932</b> -will work (but still has some problems...) because of iconv() issues. -<b>unix charset = EUC-JP</b> doesn't work well because of -iconv() issues.</p></li><li><p>Currently Samba 3.0 does not support <b>unix charset -= UTF8-MAC/CAP/HEX/JIS*</b></p></li></ul></div><p>More information (in Japanese) is available at: <a href="http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html" target="_top">http://www.atmarkit.co.jp/flinux/special/samba3/samba3a.html</a>.</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="locking"></a>Chapter 26. File and Record Locking</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2884210">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884872">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884987">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2885212">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885239">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2885320">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2885350">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884210"></a>Discussion</h2></div></div><p> -One area which sometimes causes trouble is locking. -</p><p> -There are two types of locking which need to be performed by a SMB server. -The first is <span class="emphasis"><em>record locking</em></span> which allows a client to lock -a range of bytes in a open file. The second is the <span class="emphasis"><em>deny modes</em></span> -that are specified when a file is open. -</p><p> -Record locking semantics under Unix is very different from record locking under -Windows. Versions of Samba before 2.2 have tried to use the native fcntl() unix -system call to implement proper record locking between different Samba clients. -This can not be fully correct due to several reasons. The simplest is the fact -that a Windows client is allowed to lock a byte range up to 2^32 or 2^64, -depending on the client OS. The unix locking only supports byte ranges up to 2^31. -So it is not possible to correctly satisfy a lock request above 2^31. There are -many more differences, too many to be listed here. -</p><p> -Samba 2.2 and above implements record locking completely independent of the -underlying unix system. If a byte range lock that the client requests happens -to fall into the range 0-2^31, Samba hands this request down to the Unix system. -All other locks can not be seen by unix anyway. -</p><p> -Strictly a SMB server should check for locks before every read and write call on -a file. Unfortunately with the way fcntl() works this can be slow and may overstress -the rpc.lockd. It is also almost always unnecessary as clients are supposed to -independently make locking calls before reads and writes anyway if locking is -important to them. By default Samba only makes locking calls when explicitly asked -to by a client, but if you set <span class="emphasis"><em>strict locking = yes</em></span> then it -will make lock checking calls on every read and write. -</p><p> -You can also disable by range locking completely using <span class="emphasis"><em>locking = no</em></span>. -This is useful for those shares that don't support locking or don't need it -(such as cdroms). In this case Samba fakes the return codes of locking calls to -tell clients that everything is OK. -</p><p> -The second class of locking is the <span class="emphasis"><em>deny modes</em></span>. These -are set by an application when it opens a file to determine what types of -access should be allowed simultaneously with its open. A client may ask for -DENY_NONE, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE or DENY_ALL. There are also special compatibility -modes called DENY_FCB and DENY_DOS. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884872"></a>Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</h2></div></div><p> -Opportunistic locking essentially means that the client is allowed to download and cache -a file on their hard drive while making changes; if a second client wants to access the -file, the first client receives a break and must synchronise the file back to the server. -This can give significant performance gains in some cases; some programs insist on -synchronising the contents of the entire file back to the server for a single change. -</p><p> -Level1 Oplocks (aka just plain "oplocks") is another term for opportunistic locking. -</p><p> -Level2 Oplocks provids opportunistic locking for a file that will be treated as -<span class="emphasis"><em>read only</em></span>. Typically this is used on files that are read-only or -on files that the client has no initial intention to write to at time of opening the file. -</p><p> -Kernel Oplocks are essentially a method that allows the Linux kernel to co-exist with -Samba's oplocked files, although this has provided better integration of MS Windows network -file locking with the under lying OS, SGI IRIX and Linux are the only two OS's that are -oplock aware at this time. -</p><p> -Unless your system supports kernel oplocks, you should disable oplocks if you are -accessing the same files from both Unix/Linux and SMB clients. Regardless, oplocks should -always be disabled if you are sharing a database file (e.g., Microsoft Access) between -multiple clients, as any break the first client receives will affect synchronisation of -the entire file (not just the single record), which will result in a noticable performance -impairment and, more likely, problems accessing the database in the first place. Notably, -Microsoft Outlook's personal folders (*.pst) react very badly to oplocks. If in doubt, -disable oplocks and tune your system from that point. -</p><p> -If client-side caching is desirable and reliable on your network, you will benefit from -turning on oplocks. If your network is slow and/or unreliable, or you are sharing your -files among other file sharing mechanisms (e.g., NFS) or across a WAN, or multiple people -will be accessing the same files frequently, you probably will not benefit from the overhead -of your client sending oplock breaks and will instead want to disable oplocks for the share. -</p><p> -Another factor to consider is the perceived performance of file access. If oplocks provide no -measurable speed benefit on your network, it might not be worth the hassle of dealing with them. -</p><p> -You can disable oplocks on a per-share basis with the following: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - oplocks = False - level2 oplocks = False -</pre><p> - -Alternately, you could disable oplocks on a per-file basis within the share: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - veto oplock files = /*.mdb/*.MDB/*.dbf/*.DBF/ -</pre><p> -</p><p> -If you are experiencing problems with oplocks as apparent from Samba's log entries, -you may want to play it safe and disable oplocks and level2 oplocks. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884987"></a>MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</h2></div></div><p> -There is a known issue when running applications (like Norton Anti-Virus) on a Windows 2000/ XP -workstation computer that can affect any application attempting to access shared database files -across a network. This is a result of a default setting configured in the Windows 2000/XP -operating system known as <span class="emphasis"><em>Opportunistic Locking</em></span>. When a workstation -attempts to access shared data files located on another Windows 2000/XP computer, -the Windows 2000/XP operating system will attempt to increase performance by locking the -files and caching information locally. When this occurs, the application is unable to -properly function, which results in an <span class="emphasis"><em>Access Denied</em></span> - error message being displayed during network operations. -</p><p> -All Windows operating systems in the NT family that act as database servers for data files -(meaning that data files are stored there and accessed by other Windows PCs) may need to -have opportunistic locking disabled in order to minimize the risk of data file corruption. -This includes Windows 9x/Me, Windows NT, Windows 200x and Windows XP. -</p><p> -If you are using a Windows NT family workstation in place of a server, you must also -disable opportunistic locking (oplocks) on that workstation. For example, if you use a -PC with the Windows NT Workstation operating system instead of Windows NT Server, and you -have data files located on it that are accessed from other Windows PCs, you may need to -disable oplocks on that system. -</p><p> -The major difference is the location in the Windows registry where the values for disabling -oplocks are entered. Instead of the LanManServer location, the LanManWorkstation location -may be used. -</p><p> -You can verify (or change or add, if necessary) this Registry value using the Windows -Registry Editor. When you change this registry value, you will have to reboot the PC -to ensure that the new setting goes into effect. -</p><p> -The location of the client registry entry for opportunistic locking has changed in -Windows 2000 from the earlier location in Microsoft Windows NT. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Windows 2000 will still respect the EnableOplocks registry value used to disable oplocks -in earlier versions of Windows. -</p></div><p> -You can also deny the granting of opportunistic locks by changing the following registry entries: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\MRXSmb\Parameters\ - - OplocksDisabled REG_DWORD 0 or 1 - Default: 0 (not disabled) -</pre><p> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The OplocksDisabled registry value configures Windows clients to either request or not -request opportunistic locks on a remote file. To disable oplocks, the value of - OplocksDisabled must be set to 1. -</p></div><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters - - EnableOplocks REG_DWORD 0 or 1 - Default: 1 (Enabled by Default) - - EnableOpLockForceClose REG_DWORD 0 or 1 - Default: 0 (Disabled by Default) -</pre><p> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The EnableOplocks value configures Windows-based servers (including Workstations sharing -files) to allow or deny opportunistic locks on local files. -</p></div><p> -To force closure of open oplocks on close or program exit EnableOpLockForceClose must be set to 1. -</p><p> -An illustration of how level II oplocks work: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Station 1 opens the file, requesting oplock. - </p></li><li><p> - Since no other station has the file open, the server grants station 1 exclusive oplock. - </p></li><li><p> - Station 2 opens the file, requesting oplock. - </p></li><li><p> - Since station 1 has not yet written to the file, the server asks station 1 to Break - to Level II Oplock. - </p></li><li><p> - Station 1 complies by flushing locally buffered lock information to the server. - </p></li><li><p> - Station 1 informs the server that it has Broken to Level II Oplock (alternatively, - station 1 could have closed the file). - </p></li><li><p> - The server responds to station 2's open request, granting it level II oplock. - Other stations can likewise open the file and obtain level II oplock. - </p></li><li><p> - Station 2 (or any station that has the file open) sends a write request SMB. - The server returns the write response. - </p></li><li><p> - The server asks all stations that have the file open to Break to None, meaning no - station holds any oplock on the file. Because the workstations can have no cached - writes or locks at this point, they need not respond to the break-to-none advisory; - all they need do is invalidate locally cashed read-ahead data. - </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885212"></a>Workstation Service Entries</h3></div></div><pre class="programlisting"> - \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanWorkstation\Parameters - - UseOpportunisticLocking REG_DWORD 0 or 1 - Default: 1 (true) -</pre><p> -Indicates whether the redirector should use opportunistic-locking (oplock) performance -enhancement. This parameter should be disabled only to isolate problems. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885239"></a>Server Service Entries</h3></div></div><pre class="programlisting"> - \HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\LanmanServer\Parameters - - EnableOplocks REG_DWORD 0 or 1 - Default: 1 (true) -</pre><p> -Specifies whether the server allows clients to use oplocks on files. Oplocks are a -significant performance enhancement, but have the potential to cause lost cached -data on some networks, particularly wide-area networks. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - MinLinkThroughput REG_DWORD 0 to infinite bytes per second - Default: 0 -</pre><p> -Specifies the minimum link throughput allowed by the server before it disables -raw and opportunistic locks for this connection. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - MaxLinkDelay REG_DWORD 0 to 100,000 seconds - Default: 60 -</pre><p> -Specifies the maximum time allowed for a link delay. If delays exceed this number, -the server disables raw I/O and opportunistic locking for this connection. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - OplockBreakWait REG_DWORD 10 to 180 seconds - Default: 35 -</pre><p> -Specifies the time that the server waits for a client to respond to an oplock break -request. Smaller values can allow detection of crashed clients more quickly but can -potentially cause loss of cached data. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885320"></a>Persistent Data Corruption</h2></div></div><p> -If you have applied all of the settings discussed in this paper but data corruption problems -and other symptoms persist, here are some additional things to check out: -</p><p> -We have credible reports from developers that faulty network hardware, such as a single -faulty network card, can cause symptoms similar to read caching and data corruption. -If you see persistent data corruption even after repeated reindexing, you may have to -rebuild the data files in question. This involves creating a new data file with the -same definition as the file to be rebuilt and transferring the data from the old file -to the new one. There are several known methods for doing this that can be found in -our Knowledge Base. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885350"></a>Additional Reading</h2></div></div><p> -You may want to check for an updated version of this white paper on our Web site from -time to time. Many of our white papers are updated as information changes. For those papers, -the Last Edited date is always at the top of the paper. -</p><p> -Section of the Microsoft MSDN Library on opportunistic locking: -</p><p> -Opportunistic Locks, Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN), Windows Development > -Windows Base Services > Files and I/O > SDK Documentation > File Storage > File Systems -> About File Systems > Opportunistic Locks, Microsoft Corporation. -<a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/storage_5yk3.asp" target="_top">http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/en-us/fileio/storage_5yk3.asp</a> -</p><p> -Microsoft Knowledge Base Article Q224992 "Maintaining Transactional Integrity with OPLOCKS", -Microsoft Corporation, April 1999, <a href="=http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q224992" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q224992</a>. -</p><p> -Microsoft Knowledge Base Article Q296264 "Configuring Opportunistic Locking in Windows 2000", -Microsoft Corporation, April 2001, <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q296264" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q296264</a>. -</p><p> -Microsoft Knowledge Base Article Q129202 "PC Ext: Explanation of Opportunistic Locking on Windows NT", - Microsoft Corporation, April 1995, <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q129202" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;Q129202</a>. -</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="troubleshooting"></a>Troubleshooting</h1></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>27. <a href="#diagnosis">The samba checklist</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2884776">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884810">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793401">The tests</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886854">Still having troubles?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>28. <a href="#problems">Analysing and solving samba problems</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2790687">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887096">Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887237">Useful URL's</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887343">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887497">How to get off the mailinglists</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>29. <a href="#bugreport">Reporting Bugs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887016">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886937">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887713">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887849">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887942">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887989">Patches</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 27. The samba checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2884776">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2884810">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2793401">The tests</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886854">Still having troubles?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884776"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your -Samba server. It also tells you what the likely cause of the problem -is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests -then it is probably working fine. -</p><p> -You should do ALL the tests, in the order shown. We have tried to -carefully choose them so later tests only use capabilities verified in -the earlier tests. However, do not stop at the first error as there -have been some instances when continuing with the tests has helped -to solve a problem. -</p><p> -If you send one of the samba mailing lists an email saying "it doesn't work" -and you have not followed this test procedure then you should not be surprised -if your email is ignored. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2884810"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><p> -In all of the tests it is assumed you have a Samba server called -BIGSERVER and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP. -</p><p> -The procedure is similar for other types of clients. -</p><p> -It is also assumed you know the name of an available share in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>. I will assume this share is called <i><tt>tmp</tt></i>. -You can add a <i><tt>tmp</tt></i> share like this by adding the -following to <tt>smb.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - -[tmp] - comment = temporary files - path = /tmp - read only = yes - -</pre><p> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -These tests assume version 3.0 or later of the samba suite. -Some commands shown did not exist in earlier versions. -</p></div><p> -Please pay attention to the error messages you receive. If any error message -reports that your server is being unfriendly you should first check that your -IP name resolution is correctly set up. eg: Make sure your <tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt> -file points to name servers that really do exist. -</p><p> -Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check -that the settings for your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file results in <b>dns proxy = no</b>. The -best way to check this is with <b><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. -</p><p> -It is helpful to monitor the log files during testing by using the -<b>tail -F <i><tt>log_file_name</tt></i></b> in a separate -terminal console (use ctrl-alt-F1 through F6 or multiple terminals in X). -Relevant log files can be found (for default installations) in -<tt>/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. Also, connection logs from -machines can be found here or possibly in <tt>/var/log/samba</tt> -depending on how or if you specified logging in your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -</p><p> -If you make changes to your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file while going through these test, -don't forget to restart smbd and nmbd. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2793401"></a>The tests</h2></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 27.1. Diagnosing your samba server</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> -In the directory in which you store your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file, run the command -<b><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. If it reports any errors then your <tt>smb.conf</tt> -configuration file is faulty. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file may be located in: <tt>/etc/samba</tt> -Or in: <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib</tt> -</p></div></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>ping BIGSERVER</tt></b> from the PC and -<b><tt>ping ACLIENT</tt></b> from -the unix box. If you don't get a valid response then your TCP/IP -software is not correctly installed. -</p><p> -Note that you will need to start a "dos prompt" window on the PC to -run ping. -</p><p> -If you get a message saying "host not found" or similar then your DNS -software or <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file is not correctly setup. -It is possible to -run samba without DNS entries for the server and client, but I assume -you do have correct entries for the remainder of these tests. -</p><p> -Another reason why ping might fail is if your host is running firewall -software. You will need to relax the rules to let in the workstation -in question, perhaps by allowing access from another subnet (on Linux -this is done via the ipfwadm program.) -</p><p> -Note: Modern Linux distributions install ipchains/iptables by default. -This is a common problem that is often overlooked. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>smbclient -L BIGSERVER</tt></b> on the unix box. You -should get a list of available shares back. -</p><p> -If you get a error message containing the string "Bad password" then -you probably have either an incorrect <b>hosts allow</b>, -<b>hosts deny</b> or <b>valid users</b> line in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>, or your guest account is not -valid. Check what your guest account is using testparm and -temporarily remove any <b>hosts allow</b>, <b>hosts deny</b>, <b>valid users</b> or <b>invalid users</b> lines. -</p><p> -If you get a "connection refused" response then the smbd server may -not be running. If you installed it in inetd.conf then you probably edited -that file incorrectly. If you installed it as a daemon then check that -it is running, and check that the netbios-ssn port is in a LISTEN -state using <b><tt>netstat -a</tt></b>. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Some Unix / Linux systems use <b>xinetd</b> in place of -<b>inetd</b>. Check your system documentation for the location -of the control file/s for your particular system implementation of -this network super daemon. -</p></div><p> -If you get a "session request failed" then the server refused the -connection. If it says "Your server software is being unfriendly" then -its probably because you have invalid command line parameters to smbd, -or a similar fatal problem with the initial startup of smbd. Also -check your config file (<tt>smb.conf</tt>) for syntax errors with testparm -and that the various directories where samba keeps its log and lock -files exist. -</p><p> -There are a number of reasons for which smbd may refuse or decline -a session request. The most common of these involve one or more of -the following <tt>smb.conf</tt> file entries: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - hosts deny = ALL - hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy - bind interfaces only = Yes -</pre><p> -In the above, no allowance has been made for any session requests that -will automatically translate to the loopback adaptor address 127.0.0.1. -To solve this problem change these lines to: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - hosts deny = ALL - hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127. -</pre><p> -Do NOT use the <b>bind interfaces only</b> parameter where you -may wish to -use the samba password change facility, or where smbclient may need to -access a local service for name resolution or for local resource -connections. (Note: the <b>bind interfaces only</b> parameter deficiency -where it will not allow connections to the loopback address will be -fixed soon). -</p><p> -Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running -on port 139, such as Samba (ie: smbd is running from inetd already) or -something like Digital's Pathworks. Check your <tt>inetd.conf</tt> file before trying -to start smbd as a daemon, it can avoid a lot of frustration! -</p><p> -And yet another possible cause for failure of this test is when the subnet mask -and / or broadcast address settings are incorrect. Please check that the -network interface IP Address / Broadcast Address / Subnet Mask settings are -correct and that Samba has correctly noted these in the <tt>log.nmb</tt> file. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__</tt></b>. You should get the -IP address of your Samba server back. -</p><p> -If you don't then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your <tt>inetd.conf</tt> -if you run it from there, or that the daemon is running and listening -to udp port 137. -</p><p> -One common problem is that many inetd implementations can't take many -parameters on the command line. If this is the case then create a -one-line script that contains the right parameters and run that from -inetd. -</p></li><li><p>run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -B ACLIENT '*'</tt></b></p><p> -You should get the PCs IP address back. If you don't then the client -software on the PC isn't installed correctly, or isn't started, or you -got the name of the PC wrong. -</p><p> -If ACLIENT doesn't resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the -client in the above test. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -d 2 '*'</tt></b> -</p><p> -This time we are trying the same as the previous test but are trying -it via a broadcast to the default broadcast address. A number of -Netbios/TCPIP hosts on the network should respond, although Samba may -not catch all of the responses in the short time it listens. You -should see "got a positive name query response" messages from several -hosts. -</p><p> -If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then -nmblookup isn't correctly getting your broadcast address through its -automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment with the -<b>interfaces</b> option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP -address, broadcast and netmask. -</p><p> -If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to -use the <i><tt>-B</tt></i> option to set the broadcast address to that of the PCs -subnet. -</p><p> -This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are -not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above). -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</tt></b>. You should -then be prompted for a password. You should use the password of the account -you are logged into the unix box with. If you want to test with -another account then add the <i><tt>-U <i><tt>accountname</tt></i></tt></i> option to the end of -the command line. eg: -<b><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe</tt></b> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -It is possible to specify the password along with the username -as follows: -<b><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret</tt></b> -</p></div><p> -Once you enter the password you should get the <tt>smb></tt> prompt. If you -don't then look at the error message. If it says "invalid network -name" then the service "tmp" is not correctly setup in your <tt>smb.conf</tt>. -</p><p> -If it says "bad password" then the likely causes are: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - you have shadow passords (or some other password system) but didn't - compile in support for them in smbd - </p></li><li><p> - your <b>valid users</b> configuration is incorrect - </p></li><li><p> - you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <b>password - level</b> option at a high enough level - </p></li><li><p> - the <b>path =</b> line in <tt>smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with testparm - </p></li><li><p> - you enabled password encryption but didn't create the SMB encrypted - password file - </p></li></ol></div><p> -Once connected you should be able to use the commands -<b>dir</b> <b>get</b> <b>put</b> etc. -Type <b>help <i><tt>command</tt></i></b> for instructions. You should -especially check that the amount of free disk space shown is correct -when you type <b>dir</b>. -</p></li><li><p> -On the PC, type the command <b><tt>net view \\BIGSERVER</tt></b>. You will -need to do this from within a "dos prompt" window. You should get back a -list of available shares on the server. -</p><p> -If you get a "network name not found" or similar error then netbios -name resolution is not working. This is usually caused by a problem in -nmbd. To overcome it you could do one of the following (you only need -to choose one of them): -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - fixup the nmbd installation -</p></li><li><p> - add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the <b>wins server</b> box in the - advanced tcp/ip setup on the PC. -</p></li><li><p> - enable windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of - the tcp/ip setup -</p></li><li><p> - add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -If you get a "invalid network name" or "bad password error" then the -same fixes apply as they did for the <b><tt>smbclient -L</tt></b> test above. In -particular, make sure your <b>hosts allow</b> line is correct (see the man -pages) -</p><p> -Also, do not overlook that fact that when the workstation requests the -connection to the samba server it will attempt to connect using the -name with which you logged onto your Windows machine. You need to make -sure that an account exists on your Samba server with that exact same -name and password. -</p><p> -If you get "specified computer is not receiving requests" or similar -it probably means that the host is not contactable via tcp services. -Check to see if the host is running tcp wrappers, and if so add an entry in -the <tt>hosts.allow</tt> file for your client (or subnet, etc.) -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP</tt></b>. You should -be prompted for a password then you should get a "command completed -successfully" message. If not then your PC software is incorrectly -installed or your smb.conf is incorrect. make sure your <b>hosts allow</b> -and other config lines in <tt>smb.conf</tt> are correct. -</p><p> -It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to -connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line <b>user = -<i><tt>username</tt></i></b> to the <b>[tmp]</b> section of -<tt>smb.conf</tt> where <i><tt>username</tt></i> is the -username corresponding to the password you typed. If you find this -fixes things you may need the username mapping option. -</p><p> -It might also be the case that your client only sends encrypted passwords -and you have <b>encrypt passwords = no</b> in <tt>smb.conf</tt> -Turn it back on to fix. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -M <i><tt>testgroup</tt></i></tt></b> where -<i><tt>testgroup</tt></i> is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and -Windows PCs belong to. You should get back the IP address of the -master browser for that workgroup. -</p><p> -If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to -see if it is just being slow then try again. If it still fails after -that then look at the browsing options you have set in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. Make -sure you have <b>preferred master = yes</b> to ensure that -an election is held at startup. -</p></li><li><p> ->From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should -appear in the browse list of your local workgroup (or the one you -specified in smb.conf). You should be able to double click on the name -of the server and get a list of shares. If you get a "invalid -password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it -is refusing to browse a server that has no encrypted password -capability and is in user level security mode. In this case either set -<b>security = server</b> AND -<b>password server = Windows_NT_Machine</b> in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <b>encrypted passwords</b> is -set to "yes". -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886854"></a>Still having troubles?</h2></div></div><p>Read the chapter on -<a href="#problems" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and Solving Problems</a>. -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="problems"></a>Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">David Bannon</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">8 Apr 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2790687">Diagnostics tools</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887096">Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887237">Useful URL's</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887343">Getting help from the mailing lists</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887497">How to get off the mailinglists</a></dt></dl></div><p> -There are many sources of information available in the form -of mailing lists, RFC's and documentation. The docs that come -with the samba distribution contain very good explanations of -general SMB topics such as browsing.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2790687"></a>Diagnostics tools</h2></div></div><p> -One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself. -You can use the -d option for both smbd and nmbd to specify what -'debug level' at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd and -smb.conf for more information on debugging options. The debug -level can range from 1 (the default) to 10 (100 for debugging passwords). -</p><p> -Another helpful method of debugging is to compile samba using the -<b>gcc -g </b> flag. This will include debug -information in the binaries and allow you to attach gdb to the -running smbd / nmbd process. In order to attach gdb to an smbd -process for an NT workstation, first get the workstation to make the -connection. Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down to the domain box -is sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to -generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation -maintains an open connection, and therefore there will be an smbd -process running (assuming that you haven't set a really short smbd -idle timeout) So, in between pressing ctrl alt delete, and actually -typing in your password, you can attach gdb and continue. -</p><p> -Some useful samba commands worth investigating: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>testparam | more</p></li><li><p>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</p></li></ul></div><p> -An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from -<a href="http://www.tcpdump.org/" target="_top">http://www.tcpdup.org/</a>. -Ethereal, another good packet sniffer for Unix and Win32 -hosts, can be downloaded from <a href="http://www.ethereal.com/" target="_top">http://www.ethereal.com</a>. -</p><p> -For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor -(aka. netmon) is available on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's, -the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's. The version of -netmon that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two -computers (i.e. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode). -The version on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring -of network traffic directed to the local NT box and broadcasts on the -local subnet. Be aware that Ethereal can read and write netmon -formatted files. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887096"></a>Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box</h2></div></div><p> -Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple -of steps. The following are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes -with Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT -Workstation 4.0. The process should be similar for other versions of -Windows NT / Netmon. You will need both the Microsoft Windows -NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD. -</p><p> -Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' -on the NT Server. To do this -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - - Network - Services - Add </p></li><li><p>Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and - click on 'OK'.</p></li><li><p>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel. - </p></li><li><p>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD - when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p> -At this point the Netmon files should exist in -<tt>%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</tt>. -Two subdirectories exist as well, <tt>parsers\</tt> -which contains the necessary DLL's for parsing the netmon packet -dump, and <tt>captures\</tt>. -</p><p> -In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will -first need to install the 'Network Monitor Agent' from the Workstation -install CD. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - - Network - Services - Add</p></li><li><p>Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click - on 'OK'.</p></li><li><p>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel. - </p></li><li><p>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install - CD when prompted.</p></li></ul></div><p> -Now copy the files from the NT Server in %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* -to %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* on the Workstation and set -permissions as you deem appropriate for your site. You will need -administrative rights on the NT box to run netmon. -</p><p> -To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent -from the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon). There is a readme -file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need -information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working -Netmon installation. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887237"></a>Useful URL's</h2></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Home of Samba site <a href="http://samba.org" target="_top"> - http://samba.org</a>. We have a mirror near you !</p></li><li><p> The <span class="emphasis"><em>Development</em></span> document -on the Samba mirrors might mention your problem. If so, -it might mean that the developers are working on it.</p></li><li><p>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at - <a href="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html" target="_top"> - http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</a>. </p></li><li><p>Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, David Bannon will - keep the 2.0.7 PDC pages at <a href="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba" target="_top"> - http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</a> going for a while yet.</p></li><li><p>Misc links to CIFS information - <a href="http://samba.org/cifs/" target="_top">http://samba.org/cifs/</a></p></li><li><p>NT Domains for Unix <a href="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/" target="_top"> - http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/</a></p></li><li><p>FTP site for older SMB specs: - <a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887343"></a>Getting help from the mailing lists</h2></div></div><p> -There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <a href="http://samba.org" target="_top">http://samba.org</a>, click on your nearest mirror -and then click on <b>Support</b> and then click on <b> -Samba related mailing lists</b>. -</p><p> -For questions relating to Samba TNG go to -<a href="http://www.samba-tng.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba-tng.org/</a> -It has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to the -main stream Samba lists.</p><p> -If you post a message to one of the lists please observe the following guide lines : -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are -not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at -a particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more. -</p></li><li><p> Always mention what version of samba you are using and what -operating system its running under. You should probably list the -relevant sections of your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file, at least the options -in [global] that affect PDC support.</p></li><li><p>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via -CVS mention the date when you last checked it out.</p></li><li><p> Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long, -convoluted questions get deleted before they are completely read ! -Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font -size its html).</p></li><li><p> If you run one of those nifty 'I'm on holidays' things when -you are away, make sure its configured to not answer mailing lists. -</p></li><li><p> Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to -and see what happens, i.e. don't post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical. -Many people active on the lists subscribe to more -than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times. -Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be better dealt -with on another, will forward it on for you.</p></li><li><p>You might include <span class="emphasis"><em>partial</em></span> -log files written at a debug level set to as much as 20. -Please don't send the entire log but enough to give the context of the -error messages.</p></li><li><p>(Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening of -the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</p></li><li><p>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email. -Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba -mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your -smb.conf in their attach directory?</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887497"></a>How to get off the mailinglists</h2></div></div><p>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the -same place you went to to get on it. Go to <a href="http://lists.samba.org/" target="_top">http://lists.samba.org</a>, -click on your nearest mirror and then click on <b>Support</b> and -then click on <b> Samba related mailing lists</b>. Or perhaps see -<a href="http://lists.samba.org/mailman/roster/samba-ntdom" target="_top">here</a> -</p><p> -Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just -be referred to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...) -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="bugreport"></a>Chapter 29. Reporting Bugs</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 27 June 1997 </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2887016">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2886937">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887713">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887849">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887942">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887989">Patches</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887016"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>Please report bugs using <a href="https://bugzilla.samba.org/" target="_top">bugzilla</a>.</p><p> -Please take the time to read this file before you submit a bug -report. Also, please see if it has changed between releases, as we -may be changing the bug reporting mechanism at some time. -</p><p> -Please also do as much as you can yourself to help track down the -bug. Samba is maintained by a dedicated group of people who volunteer -their time, skills and efforts. We receive far more mail about it than -we can possibly answer, so you have a much higher chance of an answer -and a fix if you send us a "developer friendly" bug report that lets -us fix it fast. -</p><p> -Do not assume that if you post the bug to the comp.protocols.smb -newsgroup or the mailing list that we will read it. If you suspect that your -problem is not a bug but a configuration problem then it is better to send -it to the Samba mailing list, as there are (at last count) 5000 other users on -that list that may be able to help you. -</p><p> -You may also like to look though the recent mailing list archives, -which are conveniently accessible on the Samba web pages -at <a href="http://samba.org/samba/" target="_top">http://samba.org/samba/</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886937"></a>General info</h2></div></div><p> -Before submitting a bug report check your config for silly -errors. Look in your log files for obvious messages that tell you that -you've misconfigured something and run testparm to test your config -file for correct syntax. -</p><p> -Have you run through the <a href="#diagnosis" title="Chapter 27. The samba checklist">diagnosis</a>? -This is very important. -</p><p> -If you include part of a log file with your bug report then be sure to -annotate it with exactly what you were doing on the client at the -time, and exactly what the results were. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887713"></a>Debug levels</h2></div></div><p> -If the bug has anything to do with Samba behaving incorrectly as a -server (like refusing to open a file) then the log files will probably -be very useful. Depending on the problem a log level of between 3 and -10 showing the problem may be appropriate. A higher level givesmore -detail, but may use too much disk space. -</p><p> -To set the debug level use <b>log level =</b> in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>. You may also find it useful to set the log -level higher for just one machine and keep separate logs for each machine. -To do this use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -log level = 10 -log file = /usr/local/samba/lib/log.%m -include = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m -</pre><p> -then create a file -<tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.<i><tt>machine</tt></i></tt> where -<i><tt>machine</tt></i> is the name of the client you wish to debug. In that file -put any <tt>smb.conf</tt> commands you want, for example -<b>log level=</b> may be useful. This also allows you to -experiment with different security systems, protocol levels etc on just -one machine. -</p><p> -The <tt>smb.conf</tt> entry <b>log level =</b> -is synonymous with the entry <b>debuglevel =</b> that has been -used in older versions of Samba and is being retained for backwards -compatibility of <tt>smb.conf</tt> files. -</p><p> -As the <b>log level =</b> value is increased you will record -a significantly increasing level of debugging information. For most -debugging operations you may not need a setting higher than 3. Nearly -all bugs can be tracked at a setting of 10, but be prepared for a VERY -large volume of log data. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887849"></a>Internal errors</h2></div></div><p> -If you get a "INTERNAL ERROR" message in your log files it means that -Samba got an unexpected signal while running. It is probably a -segmentation fault and almost certainly means a bug in Samba (unless -you have faulty hardware or system software). -</p><p> -If the message came from smbd then it will probably be accompanied by -a message which details the last SMB message received by smbd. This -info is often very useful in tracking down the problem so please -include it in your bug report. -</p><p> -You should also detail how to reproduce the problem, if -possible. Please make this reasonably detailed. -</p><p> -You may also find that a core file appeared in a <tt>corefiles</tt> -subdirectory of the directory where you keep your samba log -files. This file is the most useful tool for tracking down the bug. To -use it you do this: -</p><p><b>gdb smbd core</b></p><p> -adding appropriate paths to smbd and core so gdb can find them. If you -don't have gdb then try <b><tt>dbx</tt></b>. Then within the debugger use the -command <b><tt>where</tt></b> to give a stack trace of where the problem -occurred. Include this in your mail. -</p><p> -If you know any assembly language then do a <b><tt>disass</tt></b> of the routine -where the problem occurred (if its in a library routine then -disassemble the routine that called it) and try to work out exactly -where the problem is by looking at the surrounding code. Even if you -don't know assembly then incuding this info in the bug report can be -useful. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887942"></a>Attaching to a running process</h2></div></div><p> -Unfortunately some unixes (in particular some recent linux kernels) -refuse to dump a core file if the task has changed uid (which smbd -does often). To debug with this sort of system you could try to attach -to the running process using <b><tt>gdb smbd <i><tt>PID</tt></i></tt></b> where you get <i><tt>PID</tt></i> from -smbstatus. Then use <b><tt>c</tt></b> to continue and try to cause the core dump -using the client. The debugger should catch the fault and tell you -where it occurred. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887989"></a>Patches</h2></div></div><p> -The best sort of bug report is one that includes a fix! If you send us -patches please use <b><tt>diff -u</tt></b> format if your version of -diff supports it, otherwise use <b><tt>diff -c4</tt></b>. Make sure -you do the diff against a clean version of the source and let me know -exactly what version you used. -</p></div></div></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="Appendixes"></a>Appendixes</h1></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>30. <a href="#compiling">How to compile SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887580">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887587">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887620">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888377">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888418">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888501">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888639">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888786">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888853">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889045">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>31. <a href="#NT4Migration">Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888159">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888028">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889725">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889980">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890062">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890304">Samba Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>32. <a href="#Portability">Portability</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2889273">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889171">SCO Unix</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889194">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890671">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890709">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890716">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890741">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890748">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>33. <a href="#Other-Clients">Samba and other CIFS clients</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890402">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890976">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890983">How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891066">How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891126">Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891155">How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891218">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891226">Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891257">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891287">Configure WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891313">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891344">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891361">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891388">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891458">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891475">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891585">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>34. <a href="#SWAT">SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890961">SWAT Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890837">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891873">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891946">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892010">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892118">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892216">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892261">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892300">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892316">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>35. <a href="#speed">Samba performance issues</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891608">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891653">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892541">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892584">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892637">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892660">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892759">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892781">Client tuning</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="compiling"></a>Chapter 30. How to compile SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (22 May 2001) </p></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 18 March 2003 </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2887580">Access Samba source code via CVS</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2887587">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2887620">CVS Access to samba.org</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888377">Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888418">Verifying Samba's PGP signature</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2888501">Building the Binaries</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888639">Compiling samba with Active Directory support</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2888786">Starting the smbd and nmbd</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888853">Starting from inetd.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889045">Alternative: starting it as a daemon</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -You can obtain the samba source from the <a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">samba website</a>. To obtain a development version, -you can download samba from CVS or using rsync. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2887580"></a>Access Samba source code via CVS</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887587"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -Samba is developed in an open environment. Developers use CVS -(Concurrent Versioning System) to "checkin" (also known as -"commit") new source code. Samba's various CVS branches can -be accessed via anonymous CVS using the instructions -detailed in this chapter. -</p><p> -This chapter is a modified version of the instructions found at -<a href="http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html" target="_top">http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html</a> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887620"></a>CVS Access to samba.org</h3></div></div><p> -The machine samba.org runs a publicly accessible CVS -repository for access to the source code of several packages, -including samba, rsync and jitterbug. There are two main ways of -accessing the CVS server on this host. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2887636"></a>Access via CVSweb</h4></div></div><p> -You can access the source code via your -favourite WWW browser. This allows you to access the contents of -individual files in the repository and also to look at the revision -history and commit logs of individual files. You can also ask for a diff -listing between any two versions on the repository. -</p><p> -Use the URL : <a href="http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb" target="_top">http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb</a> -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2888200"></a>Access via cvs</h4></div></div><p> -You can also access the source code via a -normal cvs client. This gives you much more control over what you can -do with the repository and allows you to checkout whole source trees -and keep them up to date via normal cvs commands. This is the -preferred method of access if you are a developer and not -just a casual browser. -</p><p> -To download the latest cvs source code, point your -browser at the URL : <a href="http://www.cyclic.com/" target="_top">http://www.cyclic.com/</a>. -and click on the 'How to get cvs' link. CVS is free software under -the GNU GPL (as is Samba). Note that there are several graphical CVS clients -which provide a graphical interface to the sometimes mundane CVS commands. -Links to theses clients are also available from http://www.cyclic.com. -</p><p> -To gain access via anonymous cvs use the following steps. -For this example it is assumed that you want a copy of the -samba source code. For the other source code repositories -on this system just substitute the correct package name -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Install a recent copy of cvs. All you really need is a - copy of the cvs client binary. - </p></li><li><p> - Run the command - </p><p> - <b><tt>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot login</tt></b> - </p><p> - When it asks you for a password type <b><tt>cvs</tt></b>. - </p></li><li><p> - Run the command - </p><p> - <b><tt>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot co samba</tt></b> - </p><p> - This will create a directory called samba containing the - latest samba source code (i.e. the HEAD tagged cvs branch). This - currently corresponds to the 3.0 development tree. - </p><p> - CVS branches other then HEAD can be obtained by using the <i><tt>-r</tt></i> - and defining a tag name. A list of branch tag names can be found on the - "Development" page of the samba web site. A common request is to obtain the - latest 2.2 release code. This could be done by using the following userinput. - </p><p> - <b><tt>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot co -r SAMBA_2_2 samba</tt></b> - </p></li><li><p> - Whenever you want to merge in the latest code changes use - the following command from within the samba directory: - </p><p> - <b><tt>cvs update -d -P</tt></b> - </p></li></ol></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2888377"></a>Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</h2></div></div><p> - pserver.samba.org also exports unpacked copies of most parts of the CVS tree at <a href="ftp://pserver.samba.org/pub/unpacked" target="_top">ftp://pserver.samba.org/pub/unpacked</a> and also via anonymous rsync at rsync://pserver.samba.org/ftp/unpacked/. I recommend using rsync rather than ftp. - See <a href="http://rsync.samba.org/" target="_top">the rsync homepage</a> for more info on rsync. - </p><p> - The disadvantage of the unpacked trees - is that they do not support automatic - merging of local changes like CVS does. - rsync access is most convenient for an - initial install. - </p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2888418"></a>Verifying Samba's PGP signature</h2></div></div><p> -In these days of insecurity, it's strongly recommended that you verify the PGP signature for any -source file before installing it. According to Jerry Carter of the Samba Team, only about 22% of -all Samba downloads have had a corresponding PGP signature download (a very low percentage, which -should be considered a bad thing). Even if you're not downloading from a mirror site, verifying PGP -signatures should be a standard reflex. -</p><p> -With that said, go ahead and download the following files: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - $ wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-2.2.8a.tar.asc - $ wget http://us1.samba.org/samba/ftp/samba-pubkey.asc -</pre><p> -The first file is the PGP signature for the Samba source file; the other is the Samba public -PGP key itself. Import the public PGP key with: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - $ gpg --import samba-pubkey.asc -</pre><p> -And verify the Samba source code integrity with: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - $ gzip -d samba-2.2.8a.tar.gz - $ gpg --verify samba-2.2.8a.tar.asc -</pre><p> -If you receive a message like, "Good signature from Samba Distribution Verification Key..." -then all is well. The warnings about trust relationships can be ignored. An example of what -you would not want to see would be: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - gpg: BAD signature from "Samba Distribution Verification Key" -</pre></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2888501"></a>Building the Binaries</h2></div></div><p>To do this, first run the program <b><tt>./configure - </tt></b> in the source directory. This should automatically - configure Samba for your operating system. If you have unusual - needs then you may wish to run</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>./configure --help - </tt></b></p><p>first to see what special options you can enable. - Then executing</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>make</tt></b></p><p>will create the binaries. Once it's successfully - compiled you can use </p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>make install</tt></b></p><p>to install the binaries and manual pages. You can - separately install the binaries and/or man pages using</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>make installbin - </tt></b></p><p>and</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>make installman - </tt></b></p><p>Note that if you are upgrading for a previous version - of Samba you might like to know that the old versions of - the binaries will be renamed with a ".old" extension. You - can go back to the previous version with</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>make revert - </tt></b></p><p>if you find this version a disaster!</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888639"></a>Compiling samba with Active Directory support</h3></div></div><p>In order to compile samba with ADS support, you need to have installed - on your system:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>the MIT kerberos development libraries - (either install from the sources or use a package). The - heimdal libraries will not work.</p></li><li><p>the OpenLDAP development libraries.</p></li></ul></div><p>If your kerberos libraries are in a non-standard location then - remember to add the configure option --with-krb5=DIR.</p><p>After you run configure make sure that <tt>include/config.h</tt> it generates contains lines like this:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#define HAVE_KRB5 1 -#define HAVE_LDAP 1 -</pre><p>If it doesn't then configure did not find your krb5 libraries or - your ldap libraries. Look in config.log to figure out why and fix - it.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2888706"></a>Installing the required packages for Debian</h4></div></div><p>On Debian you need to install the following packages:</p><p> - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li>libkrb5-dev</li><li>krb5-user</li></ul></div><p> - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2888736"></a>Installing the required packages for RedHat</h4></div></div><p>On RedHat this means you should have at least: </p><p> - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li>krb5-workstation (for kinit)</li><li>krb5-libs (for linking with)</li><li>krb5-devel (because you are compiling from source)</li></ul></div><p> - </p><p>in addition to the standard development environment.</p><p>Note that these are not standard on a RedHat install, and you may need - to get them off CD2.</p></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2888786"></a>Starting the smbd and nmbd</h2></div></div><p>You must choose to start smbd and nmbd either - as daemons or from inetdDon't try - to do both! Either you can put them in <tt> - inetd.conf</tt> and have them started on demand - by inetd, or you can start them as - daemons either from the command line or in <tt> - /etc/rc.local</tt>. See the man pages for details - on the command line options. Take particular care to read - the bit about what user you need to be in order to start - Samba. In many cases you must be root.</p><p>The main advantage of starting smbd - and nmbd using the recommended daemon method - is that they will respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection - request.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888853"></a>Starting from inetd.conf</h3></div></div><p>NOTE; The following will be different if - you use NIS, NIS+ or LDAP to distribute services maps.</p><p>Look at your <tt>/etc/services</tt>. - What is defined at port 139/tcp. If nothing is defined - then add a line like this:</p><p><b><tt>netbios-ssn 139/tcp</tt></b></p><p>similarly for 137/udp you should have an entry like:</p><p><b><tt>netbios-ns 137/udp</tt></b></p><p>Next edit your <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> - and add two lines something like this:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd smbd - netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd - </pre><p>The exact syntax of <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> - varies between unixes. Look at the other entries in inetd.conf - for a guide.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Some unixes already have entries like netbios_ns - (note the underscore) in <tt>/etc/services</tt>. - You must either edit <tt>/etc/services</tt> or - <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> to make them consistent.</p></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>On many systems you may need to use the - <b>interfaces</b> option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to specify the IP address - and netmask of your interfaces. Run ifconfig - as root if you don't know what the broadcast is for your - net. nmbd tries to determine it at run - time, but fails on some unixes. - </p></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Warning</h3><p>Many unixes only accept around 5 - parameters on the command line in <tt>inetd.conf</tt>. - This means you shouldn't use spaces between the options and - arguments, or you should use a script, and start the script - from <b>inetd</b>.</p></div><p>Restart <b>inetd</b>, perhaps just send - it a HUP. If you have installed an earlier version of - nmbd then you may need to kill nmbd as well.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889045"></a>Alternative: starting it as a daemon</h3></div></div><p>To start the server as a daemon you should create - a script something like this one, perhaps calling - it <tt>startsmb</tt>.</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #!/bin/sh - /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D - /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D - </pre><p>then make it executable with <b>chmod - +x startsmb</b></p><p>You can then run <b>startsmb</b> by - hand or execute it from <tt>/etc/rc.local</tt> - </p><p>To kill it send a kill signal to the processes - <b>nmbd</b> and <b>smbd</b>.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>If you use the SVR4 style init system then - you may like to look at the <tt>examples/svr4-startup</tt> - script to make Samba fit into that system.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2888159">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2888028">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889725">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2889980">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890062">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890304">Samba Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -This is a rough guide to assist those wishing to migrate from NT4 domain control to -Samba-3 based domain control. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2888159"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div><p> -In the IT world there is often a saying that all problems are encountered because of -poor planning. The corrollary to this saying is that not all problems can be anticpated -and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticpate most show stopper type situations. -</p><p> -Those wishing to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-3 domain control -environment would do well to develop a detailed migration plan. So here are a few pointers to -help migration get under way. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888028"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div><p> -The key objective for most organisations will be to make the migration from MS Windows NT4 -to Samba-3 domain control as painless as possible. One of the challenges you may experience -in your migration process may well be one of convincing management that the new environment -should remain in place. Many who have introduced open source technologies have experienced -pressure to return to a Microsoft based platform solution at the first sign of trouble. -</p><p> -It is strongly advised that before attempting a migration to a Samba-3 controlled network -that every possible effort be made to gain all-round commitment to the change. Firstly, you -should know precisely <span class="emphasis"><em>why</em></span> the change is important for the organisation. -Possible motivations to make a change include: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Improve network manageability</p></li><li><p>Obtain better user level functionality</p></li><li><p>Reduce network operating costs</p></li><li><p>Reduce exposure caused by Microsoft withdrawal of NT4 support</p></li><li><p>Avoid MS License 6 implications</p></li><li><p>Reduce organisation's dependency on Microsoft</p></li></ul></div><p> -It is vital that it be well recognised that Samba-3 is NOT MS Windows NT4. Samba-3 offers -an alternative solution that is both different from MS Windows NT4 and that offers some -advantages compared with it. It should also be recognised that Samba-3 lacks many of the -features that Microsoft has promoted as core values in migration from MS Windows NT4 to -MS Windows 2000 and beyond (with or without Active Directory services). -</p><p> -What are the features that Samba-3 can NOT provide? -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Active Directory Server</p></li><li><p>Group Policy Objects (in Active Direcrtory)</p></li><li><p>Machine Policy objects</p></li><li><p>Logon Scripts in Active Directorty</p></li><li><p>Software Application and Access Controls in Active Directory</p></li></ul></div><p> -The features that Samba-3 DOES provide and that may be of compelling interest to your site -includes: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Lower Cost of Ownership</p></li><li><p>Global availability of support with no strings attached</p></li><li><p>Dynamic SMB Servers (ie:Can run more than one server per Unix/Linux system)</p></li><li><p>Creation of on-the-fly logon scripts</p></li><li><p>Creation of on-the-fly Policy Files</p></li><li><p>Greater Stability, Reliability, Performance and Availability</p></li><li><p>Manageability via an ssh connection</p></li><li><p>Flexible choices of back-end authentication technologies (tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam)</p></li><li><p>Ability to implement a full single-signon architecture</p></li><li><p>Ability to distribute authentication systems for absolute minimum wide area network bandwidth demand</p></li></ul></div><p> -Before migrating a network from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3 it is vital that all necessary factors are -considered. Users should be educated about changes they may experience so that the change will be a -welcome one and not become an obstacle to the work they need to do. The following are some of the -factors that will go into a successful migration: -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2889498"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div><p> -Samba-3 can be configured as a domain controller, a back-up domain controller (probably best called -a secondary controller), a domain member, or as a stand-alone server. The Windows network security -domain context should be sized and scoped before implementation. Particular attention needs to be -paid to the location of the primary domain controller (PDC) as well as backup controllers (BDCs). -It should be noted that one way in which Samba-3 differs from Microsoft technology is that if one -chooses to use an LDAP authentication backend then the same database can be used by several different -domains. This means that in a complex organisation there can be a single LDAP database, that itself -can be distributed, that can simultaneously serve multiple domains (that can also be widely distributed). -</p><p> -It is recommended that from a design perspective, the number of users per server, as well as the number -of servers, per domain should be scaled according to needs and should also consider server capacity -and network bandwidth. -</p><p> -A physical network segment may house several domains, each of which may span multiple network segments. -Where domains span routed network segments it is most advisable to consider and test the performance -implications of the design and layout of a network. A Centrally located domain controller that is being -designed to serve mulitple routed network segments may result in severe performance problems if the -response time (eg: ping timing) between the remote segment and the PDC is more than 100 ms. In situations -where the delay is too long it is highly recommended to locate a backup controller (BDC) to serve as -the local authentication and access control server. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2889551"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div><p> -There are few cardinal rules to effective network design that can be broken with impunity. -The most important rule of effective network management is that simplicity is king in every -well controlled network. Every part of the infrastructure must be managed, the more complex -it is, the greater will be the demand of keeping systems secure and functional. -</p><p> -The nature of the data that must be stored needs to be born in mind when deciding how many -shares must be created. The physical disk space layout should also be taken into account -when designing where share points will be created. Keep in mind that all data needs to be -backed up, thus the simpler the disk layout the easier it will be to keep track of what must -be backed up to tape or other off-line storage medium. Always plan and implement for minimum -maintenance. Leave nothing to chance in your design, above all, do not leave backups to chance: -Backup and test, validate every backup, create a disaster recovery plan and prove that it works. -</p><p> -Users should be grouped according to data access control needs. File and directory access -is best controlled via group permissions and the use of the "sticky bit" on group controlled -directories may substantially avoid file access complaints from samba share users. -</p><p> -Many network administrators who are new to the game will attempt to use elaborate techniques -to set access controls, on files, directories, shares, as well as in share definitions. -There is the ever present danger that that administrator's successor will not understand the -complex mess that has been inherited. Remember, apparent job security through complex design -and implementation may ultimately cause loss of operations and downtime to users as the new -administrator learns to untangle your web. Keep access controls simple and effective and -make sure that users will never be interrupted by the stupidity of complexity. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2889612"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div><p> -Please refer to the section of this document on Advanced Network Adminsitration for information -regarding the network logon script options for Samba-3. Logon scripts can help to ensure that -all users gain share and printer connections they need. -</p><p> -Logon scripts can be created on-the-fly so that all commands executed are specific to the -rights and privilidges granted to the user. The preferred controls should be affected through -group membership so that group information can be used to custom create a logong script using -the <tt>root preexec</tt> parameters to the <tt>NETLOGON</tt> share. -</p><p> -Some sites prefer to use a tool such as <tt>kixstart</tt> to establish a controlled -user environment. In any case you may wish to do a google search for logon script process controls. -In particular, you may wish to explore the use of the Microsoft knowledgebase article KB189105 that -deals with how to add printers without user intervention via the logon script process. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2889670"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div><p> -User and Group Profiles may be migrated using the tools described in the section titled Desktop Profile -Management. -</p><p> -Profiles may also be managed using the Samba-3 tool <tt>profiles</tt>. This tool allows -the MS Windows NT style security identifiers (SIDs) that are stored inside the profile NTuser.DAT file -to be changed to the SID of the Samba-3 domain. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2889700"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div><p> -It is possible to migrate all account settings from an MS Windows NT4 domain to Samba-3. Before -attempting to migrate user and group accounts it is STRONGLY advised to create in Samba-3 the -groups that are present on the MS Windows NT4 domain <span class="emphasis"><em>AND</em></span> to connect these to -suitable Unix/Linux groups. Following this simple advice will mean that all user and group attributes -should migrate painlessly. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889725"></a>Steps In Migration Process</h3></div></div><p> -The approximate migration process is described below. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -You will have an NT4 PDC that has the users, groups, policies and profiles to be migrated -</p></li><li><p> -Samba-3 set up as a DC with netlogon share, profile share, etc. -</p></li></ul></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 31.1. The Account Migration Process</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p>Create a BDC account for the samba server using NT Server Manager</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Samba must NOT be running</p></li></ol></li><li><p>rpcclient NT4PDC -U Administrator%passwd</p><ol type="a"><li><p>lsaquery</p></li><li><p>Note the SID returned</p></li></ol></li><li><p>net getsid -S NT4PDC -w DOMNAME -U Administrator%passwd</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note the SID</p></li></ol></li><li><p>net getlocalsid</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note the SID, now check that all three SIDS reported are the same!</p></li></ol></li><li><p>net rpc join -S NT4PDC -w DOMNAME -U Administrator%passwd</p></li><li><p>net rpc vampire -S NT4PDC -U administrator%passwd</p></li><li><p>pdbedit -l</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note - did the users migrate?</p></li></ol></li><li><p>initGrps.sh DOMNAME</p></li><li><p>net groupmap list</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Now check that all groups are recognised</p></li></ol></li><li><p>net rpc campire -S NT4PDC -U administrator%passwd</p></li><li><p>pdbedit -lv</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note - check that all group membership has been migrated</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><p> -Now it is time to migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files. -More later. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2889980"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div><p> -Based on feedback from many sites as well as from actual installation and maintenance -experience sites that wish to migrate from MS Windows NT4 Domain Control to a Samba -based solution fit into three basic categories. -</p><div class="table"><a name="id2889997"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.1. The 3 Major Site Types</b></p><table summary="The 3 Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Number of Users</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>< 50</td><td><p>Want simple conversion with NO pain</p></td></tr><tr><td>50 - 250</td><td><p>Want new features, can manage some in-house complexity</p></td></tr><tr><td>> 250</td><td><p>Solution/Implementation MUST scale well, complex needs. Cross departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890062"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div><p> -There are three basic choices for sites that intend to migrate from MS Windwows NT4 -to Samba-3. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Simple Conversion (total replacement) - </p></li><li><p> - Upgraded Conversion (could be one of integration) - </p></li><li><p> - Complete Redesign (completely new solution) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -No matter what choice you make, the following rules will minimise down-stream problems: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Take sufficient time - </p></li><li><p> - Avoid Panic - </p></li><li><p> - Test ALL assumptions - </p></li><li><p> - Test full roll-out program, including workstation deployment - </p></li></ul></div><div class="table"><a name="id2890135"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Simple</th><th>Upgraded</th><th>Redesign</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>Make use of minimal OS specific features</p></td><td><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td><p>Decide:</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Suck all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td><p>Copy and improve:</p></td><td><p>Authentication Regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td><p>Desktop Management Methods</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td><p>Minimise user impact</p></td><td><p>Better Control of Desktops / Users</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Live versus Isolated Conversion</p></td><td><p>Maximise functionality</p></td><td><p>Identify Needs for: Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Integrate Samba-3 then migrate while users are active, then Change of control (ie: swap out)</p></td><td><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890304"></a>Samba Implementation Choices</h3></div></div><pre class="programlisting"> -Authentication database back end - Winbind (external Samba or NT4/200x server) - Can use pam_mkhomedir.so to auto-create home dirs - External server could use Active Directory or NT4 Domain - -Database type - smbpasswd, tdbsam, ldapsam, MySQLsam - -Access Control Points - On the Share itself (Use NT4 Server Manager) - On the file system - Unix permissions on files and directories - Posix ACLs enablement in file system? - Through Samba share parameters - Not recommended - except as only resort - -Policies (migrate or create new ones) - Group Policy Editor (NT4) - Watch out for Tattoo effect - -User and Group Profiles - Platform specific so use platform tool to change from a Local - to a Roaming profile Can use new profiles tool to change SIDs - (NTUser.DAT) - -Logon Scripts (Know how they work) - -User and Group mapping to Unix/Linux - username map facility may be needed - Use 'net groupmap' to connect NT4 groups to Unix groups - Use pdbedit to set/change user configuration -NOTE: -If migrating to LDAP back end it may be easier to dump initial LDAP database -to LDIF, then edit, then reload into LDAP - - OS specific scripts / programs may be needed - Add / delete Users - Note OS limits on size of name (Linux 8 chars) - NT4 up to 254 chars - Add / delete machines - Applied only to domain members (note up to 16 chars) - Add / delete Groups - Note OS limits on size and nature - Linux limit is 16 char, - no spaces and no upper case chars (groupadd) - -Migration Tools - Domain Control (NT4 Style) - Profiles, Policies, Access Controls, Security - -Migration Tools - Samba: net, rpcclient, smbpasswd, pdbedit, profiles - Windows: NT4 Domain User Manager, Server Manager (NEXUS) - -Authentication - New SAM back end (smbpasswd, tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam) -</pre><p> -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Portability"></a>Chapter 32. Portability</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2889273">HPUX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889171">SCO Unix</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2889194">DNIX</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890671">RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890709">AIX</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890716">Sequential Read Ahead</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2890741">Solaris</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890748">Locking improvements</a></dt><dt><a href="#winbind-solaris9">Winbind on Solaris 9</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p>Samba works on a wide range of platforms but the interface all the -platforms provide is not always compatible. This chapter contains -platform-specific information about compiling and using samba.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2889273"></a>HPUX</h2></div></div><p> -HP's implementation of supplementary groups is, er, non-standard (for -hysterical reasons). There are two group files, /etc/group and -/etc/logingroup; the system maps UIDs to numbers using the former, but -initgroups() reads the latter. Most system admins who know the ropes -symlink /etc/group to /etc/logingroup (hard link doesn't work for reasons -too stupid to go into here). initgroups() will complain if one of the -groups you're in in /etc/logingroup has what it considers to be an invalid -ID, which means outside the range [0..UID_MAX], where UID_MAX is (I think) -60000 currently on HP-UX. This precludes -2 and 65534, the usual 'nobody' -GIDs. -</p><p> -If you encounter this problem, make sure that the programs that are failing -to initgroups() be run as users not in any groups with GIDs outside the -allowed range. -</p><p>This is documented in the HP manual pages under setgroups(2) and passwd(4). -</p><p> -On HPUX you must use gcc or the HP Ansi compiler. The free compiler -that comes with HP-UX is not Ansi compliant and cannot compile -Samba. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2889171"></a>SCO Unix</h2></div></div><p> -If you run an old version of SCO Unix then you may need to get important -TCP/IP patches for Samba to work correctly. Without the patch, you may -encounter corrupt data transfers using samba. -</p><p> -The patch you need is UOD385 Connection Drivers SLS. It is available from -SCO (ftp.sco.com, directory SLS, files uod385a.Z and uod385a.ltr.Z). -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2889194"></a>DNIX</h2></div></div><p> -DNIX has a problem with seteuid() and setegid(). These routines are -needed for Samba to work correctly, but they were left out of the DNIX -C library for some reason. -</p><p> -For this reason Samba by default defines the macro NO_EID in the DNIX -section of includes.h. This works around the problem in a limited way, -but it is far from ideal, some things still won't work right. -</p><p> -To fix the problem properly you need to assemble the following two -functions and then either add them to your C library or link them into -Samba. -</p><p> -put this in the file <tt>setegid.s</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - .globl _setegid -_setegid: - moveq #47,d0 - movl #100,a0 - moveq #1,d1 - movl 4(sp),a1 - trap #9 - bccs 1$ - jmp cerror -1$: - clrl d0 - rts -</pre><p> -put this in the file <tt>seteuid.s</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - .globl _seteuid -_seteuid: - moveq #47,d0 - movl #100,a0 - moveq #0,d1 - movl 4(sp),a1 - trap #9 - bccs 1$ - jmp cerror -1$: - clrl d0 - rts -</pre><p> -after creating the above files you then assemble them using -</p><p><b>as seteuid.s</b></p><p><b>as setegid.s</b></p><p> -that should produce the files <tt>seteuid.o</tt> and -<tt>setegid.o</tt> -</p><p> -then you need to add these to the LIBSM line in the DNIX section of -the Samba Makefile. Your LIBSM line will then look something like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -LIBSM = setegid.o seteuid.o -ln -</pre><p> -You should then remove the line: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#define NO_EID -</pre><p>from the DNIX section of <tt>includes.h</tt></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890671"></a>RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</h2></div></div><p> -By default RedHat Rembrandt-II during installation adds an -entry to /etc/hosts as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - 127.0.0.1 loopback "hostname"."domainname" -</pre><p> -</p><p> -This causes Samba to loop back onto the loopback interface. -The result is that Samba fails to communicate correctly with -the world and therefor may fail to correctly negotiate who -is the master browse list holder and who is the master browser. -</p><p> -Corrective Action: Delete the entry after the word loopback - in the line starting 127.0.0.1 -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890709"></a>AIX</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890716"></a>Sequential Read Ahead</h3></div></div><p> -Disabling Sequential Read Ahead using <b><tt>vmtune -r 0</tt></b> improves -samba performance significally. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890741"></a>Solaris</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890748"></a>Locking improvements</h3></div></div><p>Some people have been experiencing problems with F_SETLKW64/fcntl -when running samba on solaris. The built in file locking mechanism was -not scalable. Performance would degrade to the point where processes would -get into loops of trying to lock a file. It woul try a lock, then fail, -then try again. The lock attempt was failing before the grant was -occurring. So the visible manifestation of this would be a handful of -processes stealing all of the CPU, and when they were trussed they would -be stuck if F_SETLKW64 loops. -</p><p> -Sun released patches for Solaris 2.6, 8, and 9. The patch for Solaris 7 -has not been released yet. -</p><p> -The patch revision for 2.6 is 105181-34 -for 8 is 108528-19 -and for 9 is 112233-04 -</p><p> -After the install of these patches it is recommended to reconfigure -and rebuild samba. -</p><p>Thanks to Joe Meslovich for reporting</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="winbind-solaris9"></a>Winbind on Solaris 9</h3></div></div><p> -Nsswitch on Solaris 9 refuses to use the winbind nss module. This behavior -is fixed by Sun in patch 113476-05 which as of March 2003 is not in any -roll-up packages. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="Other-Clients"></a>Chapter 33. Samba and other CIFS clients</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jim McDonough</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">IBM<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jmcd@us.ibm.com">jmcd@us.ibm.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">5 Mar 2001</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2890402">Macintosh clients?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2890976">OS2 Client</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890983">How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891066">How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891126">Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891155">How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891218">Windows for Workgroups</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891226">Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891257">Delete .pwl files after password change</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891287">Configure WfW password handling</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891313">Case handling of passwords</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891344">Use TCP/IP as default protocol</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891361">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891388">Windows '95/'98</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2891458">Speed improvement</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="#id2891475">Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891585">Windows NT 3.1</a></dt></dl></div><p>This chapter contains client-specific information.</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890402"></a>Macintosh clients?</h2></div></div><p> -Yes. <a href="http://www.thursby.com/" target="_top">Thursby</a> now have a CIFS Client / Server called <a href="http://www.thursby.com/products/dave.html" target="_top">DAVE</a> -</p><p> -They test it against Windows 95, Windows NT and samba for -compatibility issues. At the time of writing, DAVE was at version -1.0.1. The 1.0.0 to 1.0.1 update is available as a free download from -the Thursby web site (the speed of finder copies has been greatly -enhanced, and there are bug-fixes included). -</p><p> -Alternatives - There are two free implementations of AppleTalk for -several kinds of UNIX machnes, and several more commercial ones. -These products allow you to run file services and print services -natively to Macintosh users, with no additional support required on -the Macintosh. The two free omplementations are -<a href="http://www.umich.edu/~rsug/netatalk/" target="_top">Netatalk</a>, and -<a href="http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/appletalk/atalk.html" target="_top">CAP</a>. -What Samba offers MS -Windows users, these packages offer to Macs. For more info on these -packages, Samba, and Linux (and other UNIX-based systems) see -<a href="http://www.eats.com/linux_mac_win.html" target="_top">http://www.eats.com/linux_mac_win.html</a> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890976"></a>OS2 Client</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890983"></a>How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</h3></div></div><p>A more complete answer to this question can be - found on <a href="http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/samba/warp.html" target="_top"> - http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/samba/warp.html</a>.</p><p>Basically, you need three components:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The File and Print Client ('IBM Peer') - </p></li><li><p>TCP/IP ('Internet support') - </p></li><li><p>The "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" driver ('TCPBEUI') - </p></li></ul></div><p>Installing the first two together with the base operating - system on a blank system is explained in the Warp manual. If Warp - has already been installed, but you now want to install the - networking support, use the "Selective Install for Networking" - object in the "System Setup" folder.</p><p>Adding the "NetBIOS over TCP/IP" driver is not described - in the manual and just barely in the online documentation. Start - MPTS.EXE, click on OK, click on "Configure LAPS" and click - on "IBM OS/2 NETBIOS OVER TCP/IP" in 'Protocols'. This line - is then moved to 'Current Configuration'. Select that line, - click on "Change number" and increase it from 0 to 1. Save this - configuration.</p><p>If the Samba server(s) is not on your local subnet, you - can optionally add IP names and addresses of these servers - to the "Names List", or specify a WINS server ('NetBIOS - Nameserver' in IBM and RFC terminology). For Warp Connect you - may need to download an update for 'IBM Peer' to bring it on - the same level as Warp 4. See the webpage mentioned above.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891066"></a>How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</h3></div></div><p>You can use the free Microsoft LAN Manager 2.2c Client - for OS/2 from - <a href="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/BusSys/Clients/LANMAN.OS2/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/BusSys/Clients/LANMAN.OS2/</a>. - See <a href="http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/lanman.html" target="_top"> - http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/lanman.html</a> for - more information on how to install and use this client. In - a nutshell, edit the file \OS2VER in the root directory of - the OS/2 boot partition and add the lines:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - 20=setup.exe - 20=netwksta.sys - 20=netvdd.sys - </pre><p>before you install the client. Also, don't use the - included NE2000 driver because it is buggy. Try the NE2000 - or NS2000 driver from - <a href="ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/os2/network/ndis/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.cdrom.com/pub/os2/network/ndis/</a> instead. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891126"></a>Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</h3></div></div><p>When you do a NET VIEW or use the "File and Print - Client Resource Browser", no Samba servers show up. This can - be fixed by a patch from <a href="http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/samba/fix.html" target="_top"> - http://carol.wins.uva.nl/~leeuw/samba/fix.html</a>. - The patch will be included in a later version of Samba. It also - fixes a couple of other problems, such as preserving long - filenames when objects are dragged from the Workplace Shell - to the Samba server. </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891155"></a>How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</h3></div></div><p>First, create a share called [PRINTDRV] that is - world-readable. Copy your OS/2 driver files there. Note - that the .EA_ files must still be separate, so you will need - to use the original install files, and not copy an installed - driver from an OS/2 system.</p><p>Install the NT driver first for that printer. Then, - add to your smb.conf a parameter, os2 driver map = - <i><tt>filename</tt></i>". Then, in the file - specified by <i><tt>filename</tt></i>, map the - name of the NT driver name to the OS/2 driver name as - follows:</p><p><b>nt driver name = os2 "driver - name"."device name"</b>, e.g.: - HP LaserJet 5L = LASERJET.HP LaserJet 5L</p><p>You can have multiple drivers mapped in this file.</p><p>If you only specify the OS/2 driver name, and not the - device name, the first attempt to download the driver will - actually download the files, but the OS/2 client will tell - you the driver is not available. On the second attempt, it - will work. This is fixed simply by adding the device name - to the mapping, after which it will work on the first attempt. - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891218"></a>Windows for Workgroups</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891226"></a>Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</h3></div></div><p>Use the latest TCP/IP stack from microsoft if you use Windows -for workgroups. -</p><p>The early TCP/IP stacks had lots of bugs.</p><p> -Microsoft has released an incremental upgrade to their TCP/IP 32-Bit -VxD drivers. The latest release can be found on their ftp site at -ftp.microsoft.com, located in /peropsys/windows/public/tcpip/wfwt32.exe. -There is an update.txt file there that describes the problems that were -fixed. New files include WINSOCK.DLL, TELNET.EXE, WSOCK.386, VNBT.386, -WSTCP.386, TRACERT.EXE, NETSTAT.EXE, and NBTSTAT.EXE. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891257"></a>Delete .pwl files after password change</h3></div></div><p> -WfWg does a lousy job with passwords. I find that if I change my -password on either the unix box or the PC the safest thing to do is to -delete the .pwl files in the windows directory. The PC will complain about not finding the files, but will soon get over it, allowing you to enter the new password. -</p><p> -If you don't do this you may find that WfWg remembers and uses the old -password, even if you told it a new one. -</p><p> -Often WfWg will totally ignore a password you give it in a dialog box. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891287"></a>Configure WfW password handling</h3></div></div><p> -There is a program call admincfg.exe -on the last disk (disk 8) of the WFW 3.11 disk set. To install it -type EXPAND A:\ADMINCFG.EX_ C:\WINDOWS\ADMINCFG.EXE Then add an icon -for it via the "Progam Manager" "New" Menu. This program allows you -to control how WFW handles passwords. ie disable Password Caching etc -for use with <b>security = user</b> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891313"></a>Case handling of passwords</h3></div></div><p>Windows for Workgroups uppercases the password before sending it to the server. Unix passwords can be case-sensitive though. Check the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top">smb.conf(5)</a> information on <b>password level</b> to specify what characters samba should try to uppercase when checking.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891344"></a>Use TCP/IP as default protocol</h3></div></div><p>To support print queue reporting you may find -that you have to use TCP/IP as the default protocol under -WfWg. For some reason if you leave Netbeui as the default -it may break the print queue reporting on some systems. -It is presumably a WfWg bug.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891361"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><p> -Note that some people have found that setting DefaultRcvWindow in -the [MSTCP] section of the SYSTEM.INI file under WfWg to 3072 gives a -big improvement. I don't know why. -</p><p> -My own experience wth DefaultRcvWindow is that I get much better -performance with a large value (16384 or larger). Other people have -reported that anything over 3072 slows things down enourmously. One -person even reported a speed drop of a factor of 30 when he went from -3072 to 8192. I don't know why. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891388"></a>Windows '95/'98</h2></div></div><p> -When using Windows 95 OEM SR2 the following updates are recommended where Samba -is being used. Please NOTE that the above change will affect you once these -updates have been installed. -</p><p> -There are more updates than the ones mentioned here. You are referred to the -Microsoft Web site for all currently available updates to your specific version -of Windows 95. -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>Kernel Update: KRNLUPD.EXE</p></li><li><p>Ping Fix: PINGUPD.EXE</p></li><li><p>RPC Update: RPCRTUPD.EXE</p></li><li><p>TCP/IP Update: VIPUPD.EXE</p></li><li><p>Redirector Update: VRDRUPD.EXE</p></li></ol></div><p> -Also, if using MS OutLook it is desirable to install the OLEUPD.EXE fix. This -fix may stop your machine from hanging for an extended period when exiting -OutLook and you may also notice a significant speedup when accessing network -neighborhood services. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891458"></a>Speed improvement</h3></div></div><p> -Configure the win95 TCPIP registry settings to give better -performance. I use a program called MTUSPEED.exe which I got off the -net. There are various other utilities of this type freely available. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891475"></a>Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</h2></div></div><p> -There are several annoyances with Windows 2000 SP2. One of which -only appears when using a Samba server to host user profiles -to Windows 2000 SP2 clients in a Windows domain. This assumes -that Samba is a member of the domain, but the problem will -likely occur if it is not. -</p><p> -In order to server profiles successfully to Windows 2000 SP2 -clients (when not operating as a PDC), Samba must have -<b>nt acl support = no</b> -added to the file share which houses the roaming profiles. -If this is not done, then the Windows 2000 SP2 client will -complain about not being able to access the profile (Access -Denied) and create multiple copies of it on disk (DOMAIN.user.001, -DOMAIN.user.002, etc...). See the -<a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top">smb.conf(5)</a> man page -for more details on this option. Also note that the -<b>nt acl support</b> parameter was formally a global parameter in -releases prior to Samba 2.2.2. -</p><p> -The following is a minimal profile share: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [profile] - path = /export/profile - create mask = 0600 - directory mask = 0700 - nt acl support = no - read only = no -</pre><p> -The reason for this bug is that the Win2k SP2 client copies -the security descriptor for the profile which contains -the Samba server's SID, and not the domain SID. The client -compares the SID for SAMBA\user and realizes it is -different that the one assigned to DOMAIN\user. Hence the reason -for the "access denied" message. -</p><p> -By disabling the <b>nt acl support</b> parameter, Samba will send -the Win2k client a response to the QuerySecurityDescriptor -trans2 call which causes the client to set a default ACL -for the profile. This default ACL includes -</p><p><b>DOMAIN\user "Full Control"</b></p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>This bug does not occur when using winbind to -create accounts on the Samba host for Domain users.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891585"></a>Windows NT 3.1</h2></div></div><p>If you have problems communicating across routers with Windows -NT 3.1 workstations, read <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;%5BLN%5D;Q103765" target="_top">this Microsoft Knowledge Base article</a>. - -</p></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="SWAT"></a>Chapter 34. SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 21, 2003</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2890961">SWAT Features and Benefits</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="#id2890837">Enabling SWAT for use</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891873">Securing SWAT through SSL</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891946">The SWAT Home Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892010">Global Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892118">Share Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892167">Printers Settings</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892216">The SWAT Wizard</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892261">The Status Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892300">The View Page</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892316">The Password Change Page</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -There are many and varied opinions regarding the usefulness or otherwise of SWAT. -No matter how hard one tries to produce the perfect configuration tool it remains -an object of personal taste. SWAT is a tool that will allow web based configuration -of samba. It has a wizard that may help to get samba configured quickly, it has context -sensitive help on each smb.conf parameter, it provides for monitoring of current state -of connection information, and it allows network wide MS Windows network password -management. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2890961"></a>SWAT Features and Benefits</h2></div></div><p> -There are network administrators who believe that it is a good idea to write systems -documentation inside configuration files, for them SWAT will aways be a nasty tool. SWAT -does not store the configuration file in any intermediate form, rather, it stores only the -parameter settings, so when SWAT writes the smb.conf file to disk it will write only -those parameters that are at other than the default settings. The result is that all comments -will be lost from the smb.conf file. Additionally, the parameters will be written back in -internal ordering. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -So before using SWAT please be warned - SWAT will completely replace your smb.conf with -a fully optimised file that has been stripped of all comments you might have placed there -and only non-default settings will be written to the file. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2890837"></a>Enabling SWAT for use</h3></div></div><p> -SWAT should be installed to run via the network super daemon. Depending on which system -your Unix/Linux system has you will have either an <tt>inetd</tt> or -<tt>xinetd</tt> based system. -</p><p> -The nature and location of the network super-daemon varies with the operating system -implementation. The control file (or files) can be located in the file -<tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> or in the directory <tt>/etc/[x]inet.d</tt> -or similar. -</p><p> -The control entry for the older style file might be: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # swat is the Samba Web Administration Tool - swat stream tcp nowait.400 root /usr/sbin/swat swat -</pre><p> -A control file for the newer style xinetd could be: -</p><p> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # default: off - # description: SWAT is the Samba Web Admin Tool. Use swat \ - # to configure your Samba server. To use SWAT, \ - # connect to port 901 with your favorite web browser. - service swat - { - port = 901 - socket_type = stream - wait = no - only_from = localhost - user = root - server = /usr/sbin/swat - log_on_failure += USERID - disable = yes - } -</pre><p> - -</p><p> -Both the above examples assume that the <tt>swat</tt> binary has been -located in the <tt>/usr/sbin</tt> directory. In addition to the above -SWAT will use a directory access point from which it will load it's help files -as well as other control information. The default location for this on most Linux -systems is in the directory <tt>/usr/share/samba/swat</tt>. The default -location using samba defaults will be <tt>/usr/local/samba/swat</tt>. -</p><p> -Access to SWAT will prompt for a logon. If you log onto SWAT as any non-root user -the only permission allowed is to view certain aspects of configuration as well as -access to the password change facility. The buttons that will be exposed to the non-root -user are: <span class="emphasis"><em>HOME, STATUS, VIEW, PASSWORD</em></span>. The only page that allows -change capability in this case is <span class="emphasis"><em>PASSWORD</em></span>. -</p><p> -So long as you log onto SWAT as the user <b>root</b> you should obtain -full change and commit ability. The buttons that will be exposed includes: -<span class="emphasis"><em>HOME, GLOBALS, SHARES, PRINTERS, WIZARD, STATUS, VIEW, PASSWORD</em></span>. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891873"></a>Securing SWAT through SSL</h3></div></div><p> -Lots of people have asked about how to setup SWAT with SSL to allow for secure remote -administration of Samba. Here is a method that works, courtesy of Markus Krieger -</p><p> -Modifications to the swat setup are as following: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - install OpenSSL - </p></li><li><p> - generate certificate and private key - - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - root# /usr/bin/openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -nodes -config \ - /usr/share/doc/packages/stunnel/stunnel.cnf \ - -out /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem -keyout /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem - </pre></li><li><p> - remove swat-entry from [x]inetd - </p></li><li><p> - start stunnel - - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - root# stunnel -p /etc/stunnel/stunnel.pem -d 901 \ - -l /usr/local/samba/bin/swat swat - </pre></li></ul></div><p> -afterwards simply contact to swat by using the URL "https://myhost:901", accept the certificate -and the SSL connection is up. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2891946"></a>The SWAT Home Page</h3></div></div><p> -The SWAT title page provides access to the latest Samba documentation. The manual page for -each samba component is accessible from this page as are the Samba-HOWTO-Collection (this -document) as well as the O'Reilly book "Using Samba". -</p><p> -Administrators who wish to validate their samba configuration may obtain useful information -from the man pages for the diganostic utilities. These are available from the SWAT home page -also. One diagnostic tool that is NOT mentioned on this page, but that is particularly -useful is <b>ethereal</b>, available from <a href="http://www.ethereal.com" target="_top"> -http://www.ethereal.com</a>. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -SWAT can be configured to run in <span class="emphasis"><em>demo</em></span> mode. This is NOT recommended -as it runs SWAT without authentication and with full administrative ability. ie: Allows -changes to smb.conf as well as general operation with root privilidges. The option that -creates this ability is the <b>-a</b> flag to swat. DO NOT USE THIS IN ANY -PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENT - you have been warned! -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892010"></a>Global Settings</h3></div></div><p> -The Globals button will expose a page that allows configuration of the global parameters -in smb.conf. There are three levels of exposure of the parameters: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <b>Basic</b> - exposes common configuration options. - </p></li><li><p> - <b>Advanced</b> - exposes configuration options needed in more - complex environments. - </p></li><li><p> - <b>Developer</b> - exposes configuration options that only the brave - will want to tamper with. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -To switch to other than <span class="emphasis"><em>Basic</em></span> editing ability click on either the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Advanced</em></span> or the <span class="emphasis"><em>Developer</em></span> dial, then click the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Commit Changes</em></span> button. -</p><p> -After making any changes to configuration parameters make sure that you click on the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Commit Changes</em></span> button before moving to another area otherwise -your changes will be immediately lost. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -SWAT has context sensitive help. To find out what each parameter is for simply click the -<b>Help</b> link to the left of the configurartion parameter. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892118"></a>Share Settings</h3></div></div><p> -To affect a currenly configured share, simply click on the pull down button between the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Choose Share</em></span> and the <span class="emphasis"><em>Delete Share</em></span> buttons, -select the share you wish to operate on, then to edit the settings click on the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Choose Share</em></span> button, to delete the share simply press the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Delete Share</em></span> button. -</p><p> -To create a new share, next to the button labelled <span class="emphasis"><em>Create Share</em></span> enter -into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Create Share</em></span> button. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892167"></a>Printers Settings</h3></div></div><p> -To affect a currenly configured printer, simply click on the pull down button between the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Choose Printer</em></span> and the <span class="emphasis"><em>Delete Printer</em></span> buttons, -select the printer you wish to operate on, then to edit the settings click on the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Choose Printer</em></span> button, to delete the share simply press the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Delete Printer</em></span> button. -</p><p> -To create a new printer, next to the button labelled <span class="emphasis"><em>Create Printer</em></span> enter -into the text field the name of the share to be created, then click on the -<span class="emphasis"><em>Create Printer</em></span> button. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892216"></a>The SWAT Wizard</h3></div></div><p> -The purpose if the SWAT Wizard is to help the Microsoft knowledgable network administrator -to configure Samba with a minimum of effort. -</p><p> -The Wizard page provides a tool for rewiting the smb.conf file in fully optimised format. -This will also happen if you press the commit button. The two differ in the the rewrite button -ignores any changes that may have been made, while the Commit button causes all changes to be -affected. -</p><p> -The <span class="emphasis"><em>Edit</em></span> button permits the editing (setting) of the minimal set of -options that may be necessary to create a working samba server. -</p><p> -Finally, there are a limited set of options that will determine what type of server samba -will be configured for, whether it will be a WINS server, participate as a WINS client, or -operate with no WINS support. By clicking on one button you can elect to epose (or not) user -home directories. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892261"></a>The Status Page</h3></div></div><p> -The status page serves a limited purpose. Firstly, it allows control of the samba daemons. -The key daemons that create the samba server environment are: <b> smbd, nmbd, winbindd</b>. -</p><p> -The daemons may be controlled individually or as a total group. Additionally, you may set -an automatic screen refresh timing. As MS Windows clients interact with Samba new smbd processes -will be continually spawned. The auto-refresh facility will allow you to track the changing -conditions with minimal effort. -</p><p> -Lastly, the Status page may be used to terminate specific smbd client connections in order to -free files that may be locked. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892300"></a>The View Page</h3></div></div><p> -This page allows the administrator to view the optimised smb.conf file and if you are -particularly massochistic will permit you also to see all possible global configuration -parameters and their settings. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892316"></a>The Password Change Page</h3></div></div><p> -The Password Change page is a popular tool. This tool allows the creation, deletion, deactivation -and reactivation of MS Windows networking users on the local machine. Alternatively, you can use -this tool to change a local password for a user account. -</p><p> -When logged in as a non-root account the user will have to provide the old password as well as -the new password (twice). When logged in as <b>root</b> only the new password is -required. -</p><p> -One popular use for this tool is to change user passwords across a range of remote MS Windows -servers. -</p></div></div></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="speed"></a>Chapter 35. Samba performance issues</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Paul Cochrane</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Dundee Limb Fitting Centre<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="#id2891608">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2891653">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892541">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892584">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892637">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892660">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892717">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892759">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="#id2892781">Client tuning</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891608"></a>Comparisons</h2></div></div><p> -The Samba server uses TCP to talk to the client. Thus if you are -trying to see if it performs well you should really compare it to -programs that use the same protocol. The most readily available -programs for file transfer that use TCP are ftp or another TCP based -SMB server. -</p><p> -If you want to test against something like a NT or WfWg server then -you will have to disable all but TCP on either the client or -server. Otherwise you may well be using a totally different protocol -(such as Netbeui) and comparisons may not be valid. -</p><p> -Generally you should find that Samba performs similarly to ftp at raw -transfer speed. It should perform quite a bit faster than NFS, -although this very much depends on your system. -</p><p> -Several people have done comparisons between Samba and Novell, NFS or -WinNT. In some cases Samba performed the best, in others the worst. I -suspect the biggest factor is not Samba vs some other system but the -hardware and drivers used on the various systems. Given similar -hardware Samba should certainly be competitive in speed with other -systems. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891653"></a>Socket options</h2></div></div><p> -There are a number of socket options that can greatly affect the -performance of a TCP based server like Samba. -</p><p> -The socket options that Samba uses are settable both on the command -line with the -O option, or in the smb.conf file. -</p><p> -The <b>socket options</b> section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> manual page describes how -to set these and gives recommendations. -</p><p> -Getting the socket options right can make a big difference to your -performance, but getting them wrong can degrade it by just as -much. The correct settings are very dependent on your local network. -</p><p> -The socket option TCP_NODELAY is the one that seems to make the -biggest single difference for most networks. Many people report that -adding <b>socket options = TCP_NODELAY</b> doubles the read -performance of a Samba drive. The best explanation I have seen for this is -that the Microsoft TCP/IP stack is slow in sending tcp ACKs. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892541"></a>Read size</h2></div></div><p> -The option <b>read size</b> affects the overlap of disk -reads/writes with network reads/writes. If the amount of data being -transferred in several of the SMB commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and -SMBreadbraw) is larger than this value then the server begins writing -the data before it has received the whole packet from the network, or -in the case of SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before -all the data has been read from disk. -</p><p> -This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and network access -are similar, having very little effect when the speed of one is much -greater than the other. -</p><p> -The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation has been -done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely that the best -value will vary greatly between systems anyway. A value over 65536 is -pointless and will cause you to allocate memory unnecessarily. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892584"></a>Max xmit</h2></div></div><p> -At startup the client and server negotiate a <b>maximum transmit</b> size, -which limits the size of nearly all SMB commands. You can set the -maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the <b>max xmit = </b> option -in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. Note that this is the maximum size of SMB requests that -Samba will accept, but not the maximum size that the *client* will accept. -The client maximum receive size is sent to Samba by the client and Samba -honours this limit. -</p><p> -It defaults to 65536 bytes (the maximum), but it is possible that some -clients may perform better with a smaller transmit unit. Trying values -of less than 2048 is likely to cause severe problems. -</p><p> -In most cases the default is the best option. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892637"></a>Log level</h2></div></div><p> -If you set the log level (also known as <b>debug level</b>) higher than 2 -then you may suffer a large drop in performance. This is because the -server flushes the log file after each operation, which can be very -expensive. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892660"></a>Read raw</h2></div></div><p> -The <b>read raw</b> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency -file read operation. A server may choose to not support it, -however. and Samba makes support for <b>read raw</b> optional, with it -being enabled by default. -</p><p> -In some cases clients don't handle <b>read raw</b> very well and actually -get lower performance using it than they get using the conventional -read operations. -</p><p> -So you might like to try <b>read raw = no</b> and see what happens on your -network. It might lower, raise or not affect your performance. Only -testing can really tell. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892717"></a>Write raw</h2></div></div><p> -The <b>write raw</b> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency -file write operation. A server may choose to not support it, -however. and Samba makes support for <b>write raw</b> optional, with it -being enabled by default. -</p><p> -Some machines may find <b>write raw</b> slower than normal write, in which -case you may wish to change this option. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892759"></a>Slow Logins</h2></div></div><p> -Slow logins are almost always due to the password checking time. Using -the lowest practical <b>password level</b> will improve things. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892781"></a>Client tuning</h2></div></div><p> -Often a speed problem can be traced to the client. The client (for -example Windows for Workgroups) can often be tuned for better TCP -performance. Check the sections on the various clients in -<a href="#Other-Clients" title="Chapter 33. Samba and other CIFS clients">Samba and Other Clients</a>. -</p></div></div></div></div></body></html> diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/ads.html b/docs/htmldocs/ads.html index b7468eb091..26ec1d04a7 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/ads.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/ads.html @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ >Samba as a ADS domain member</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK @@ -13,11 +14,11 @@ REL="UP" TITLE="Type of installation" HREF="type.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control" +TITLE="How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain" HREF="samba-bdc.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member" -HREF="domain-member.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Samba as a NT4 domain member" +HREF="domain-security.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="domain-member.html" +HREF="domain-security.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -72,73 +73,126 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="ADS" -></A ->Chapter 9. Samba as a ADS domain member</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->9.1. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1363" ->Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -></A -></DT -><DT ->9.2. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1376" ->Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/krb5.conf</TT -></A -></DT -><DT ->9.3. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-CREATE-MACHINE-ACCOUNT" ->Create the computer account</A -></DT -><DT ->9.4. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SERVER" ->Test your server setup</A -></DT -><DT ->9.5. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SMBCLIENT" ->Testing with <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -></A -></DT -><DT ->9.6. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1424" ->Notes</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV +NAME="ADS">Chapter 8. Samba as a ADS domain member</H1 ><P >This is a rough guide to setting up Samba 3.0 with kerberos authentication against a Windows2000 KDC. </P +><P +>Pieces you need before you begin: +<P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>a Windows 2000 server.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>samba 3.0 or higher.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>the MIT kerberos development libraries (either install from the above sources or use a package). The heimdal libraries will not work.</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>the OpenLDAP development libraries.</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +></P ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN1363" ->9.1. Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -></A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1187">8.1. Installing the required packages for Debian</H1 +><P +>On Debian you need to install the following packages: +<P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>libkrb5-dev</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>krb5-user</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE ><P ->You must use at least the following 3 options in smb.conf:</P +></P +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1193">8.2. Installing the required packages for RedHat</H1 +><P +>On RedHat this means you should have at least: +<P +></P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +><TBODY +><TR +><TD +>krb5-workstation (for kinit)</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>krb5-libs (for linking with)</TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +>krb5-devel (because you are compiling from source)</TD +></TR +></TBODY +></TABLE +><P +></P +></P +><P +>in addition to the standard development environment.</P +><P +>Note that these are not standard on a RedHat install, and you may need +to get them off CD2.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1202">8.3. Compile Samba</H1 +><P +>If your kerberos libraries are in a non-standard location then + remember to add the configure option --with-krb5=DIR.</P +><P +>After you run configure make sure that include/config.h contains + lines like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#define HAVE_KRB5 1 +#define HAVE_LDAP 1</PRE +></P +><P +>If it doesn't then configure did not find your krb5 libraries or + your ldap libraries. Look in config.log to figure out why and fix + it.</P +><P +>Then compile and install Samba as usual. You must use at least the + following 3 options in smb.conf:</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" @@ -159,103 +213,34 @@ CLASS="FILENAME" CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" > ads server = your.kerberos.server</PRE ></P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" ><P ->You do *not* need a smbpasswd file, and older clients will - be authenticated as if <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->security = domain</B ->, - although it won't do any harm - and allows you to have local users not in the domain. - I expect that the above required options will change soon when we get better - active directory integration.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV +>You do *not* need a smbpasswd file, although it won't do any harm + and if you have one then Samba will be able to fall back to normal + password security for older clients. I expect that the above + required options will change soon when we get better active + directory integration.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN1376" ->9.2. Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/krb5.conf</TT -></A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1217">8.4. Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</H1 ><P ->The minimal configuration for <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->krb5.conf</TT -> is:</P +>The minimal configuration for krb5.conf is:</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->[realms] +> [realms] YOUR.KERBEROS.REALM = { kdc = your.kerberos.server }</PRE ></P ><P ->Test your config by doing a <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->kinit <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->USERNAME</VAR ->@<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->REALM</VAR -></KBD -> and making sure that +>Test your config by doing a "kinit USERNAME@REALM" and making sure that your password is accepted by the Win2000 KDC. </P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" ><P ->The realm must be uppercase. </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV +>NOTE: The realm must be uppercase. </P ><P >You also must ensure that you can do a reverse DNS lookup on the IP address of your KDC. Also, the name that this reverse lookup maps to @@ -263,65 +248,36 @@ must either be the netbios name of the KDC (ie. the hostname with no domain attached) or it can alternatively be the netbios name followed by the realm. </P ><P ->The easiest way to ensure you get this right is to add a -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/hosts</TT -> entry mapping the IP address of your KDC to -its netbios name. If you don't get this right then you will get a -"local error" when you try to join the realm.</P -><P ->If all you want is kerberos support in <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -> then you can skip -straight to <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SMBCLIENT" ->Test with <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -></A -> now. -<A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-CREATE-MACHINE-ACCOUNT" ->Creating a computer account</A -> -and <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SERVER" ->testing your servers</A -> -is only needed if you want kerberos -support for <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbd</SPAN -> and <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->winbindd</SPAN ->.</P +>The easiest way to ensure you get this right is to add a /etc/hosts +entry mapping the IP address of your KDC to its netbios name. If you +don't get this right then you will get a "local error" when you try +to join the realm.</P +><P +>If all you want is kerberos support in smbclient then you can skip +straight to step 5 now. Step 3 is only needed if you want kerberos +support in smbd.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="ADS-CREATE-MACHINE-ACCOUNT" ->9.3. Create the computer account</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1227">8.5. Create the computer account</H1 ><P ->As a user that has write permission on the Samba private directory +>Do a "kinit" as a user that has authority to change arbitrary +passwords on the KDC ("Administrator" is a good choice). Then as a +user that has write permission on the Samba private directory (usually root) run: -<KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net ads join</KBD +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net ads join</B ></P ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN1404" ->9.3.1. Possible errors</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN1231">8.5.1. Possible errors</H2 ><P ><P ></P @@ -329,6 +285,12 @@ NAME="AEN1404" CLASS="VARIABLELIST" ><DL ><DT +>"bash: kinit: command not found"</DT +><DD +><P +>kinit is in the krb5-workstation RPM on RedHat systems, and is in /usr/kerberos/bin, so it won't be in the path until you log in again (or open a new terminal)</P +></DD +><DT >"ADS support not compiled in"</DT ><DD ><P @@ -344,18 +306,16 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="ADS-TEST-SERVER" ->9.4. Test your server setup</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1243">8.6. Test your server setup</H1 ><P ->On a Windows 2000 client try <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net use * \\server\share</KBD +>On a Windows 2000 client try <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net use * \\server\share</B >. You should be logged in with kerberos without needing to know a password. If -this fails then run <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->klist tickets</KBD +this fails then run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>klist tickets</B >. Did you get a ticket for the server? Does it have an encoding type of DES-CBC-MD5 ? </P ></DIV @@ -364,37 +324,21 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="ADS-TEST-SMBCLIENT" ->9.5. Testing with <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -></A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1248">8.7. Testing with smbclient</H1 ><P >On your Samba server try to login to a Win2000 server or your Samba -server using <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -> and kerberos. Use <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -> as usual, but -specify the <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-k</VAR -> option to choose kerberos authentication.</P +server using smbclient and kerberos. Use smbclient as usual, but +specify the -k option to choose kerberos authentication.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN1424" ->9.6. Notes</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1251">8.8. Notes</H1 ><P ->You must change administrator password at least once after DC -install, to create the right encoding types</P +>You must change administrator password at least once after DC install, + to create the right encoding types</P ><P >w2k doesn't seem to create the _kerberos._udp and _ldap._tcp in their defaults DNS setup. Maybe fixed in service packs?</P @@ -434,7 +378,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="domain-member.html" +HREF="domain-security.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -444,7 +388,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control</TD +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" @@ -458,7 +402,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</TD +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/advancednetworkmanagement.html b/docs/htmldocs/advancednetworkmanagement.html deleted file mode 100644 index b55eed16bc..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/advancednetworkmanagement.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,555 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Advanced Network Manangement</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind" -HREF="winbind.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="System and Account Policies" -HREF="policymgmt.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="winbind.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="policymgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="ADVANCEDNETWORKMANAGEMENT" -></A ->Chapter 16. Advanced Network Manangement</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->16.1. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2869" ->Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</A -></DT -><DT ->16.2. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2907" ->Remote Server Administration</A -></DT -><DT ->16.3. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2924" ->Network Logon Script Magic</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><P ->This section attempts to document peripheral issues that are of great importance to network -administrators who want to improve network resource access control, to automate the user -environment, and to make their lives a little easier.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2869" ->16.1. Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</A -></H1 -><P ->This section deals with how to configure Samba per share access control restrictions. -By default samba sets no restrictions on the share itself. Restrictions on the share itself -can be set on MS Windows NT4/200x/XP shares. This can be a very effective way to limit who can -connect to a share. In the absence of specific restrictions the default setting is to allow -the global user <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Everyone</I -></SPAN -> Full Control (ie: Full control, Change and Read).</P -><P ->At this time Samba does NOT provide a tool for configuring access control setting on the Share -itself. Samba does have the capacity to store and act on access control settings, but the only -way to create those settings is to use either the NT4 Server Manager or the Windows 200x MMC for -Computer Management.</P -><P ->Samba stores the per share access control settings in a file called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->share_info.tdb</TT ->. -The location of this file on your system will depend on how samba was compiled. The default location -for samba's tdb files is under <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/local/samba/var</TT ->. If the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->tdbdump</TT -> -utility has been compiled and installed on your system then you can examine the contents of this file -by: <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->tdbdump share_info.tdb</KBD ->.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN2879" ->16.1.1. Share Permissions Management</A -></H2 -><P ->The best tool for the task is platform dependant. Choose the best tool for your environmemt.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN2882" ->16.1.1.1. Windows NT4 Workstation/Server</A -></H3 -><P ->The tool you need to use to manage share permissions on a Samba server is the NT Server Manager. -Server Manager is shipped with Windows NT4 Server products but not with Windows NT4 Workstation. -You can obtain the NT Server Manager for MS Windows NT4 Workstation from Microsoft - see details below.</P -><DIV -CLASS="PROCEDURE" -><P -><B ->Instructions</B -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P ->Launch the NT4 Server Manager, click on the Samba server you want to administer, then from the menu -select Computer, then click on the Shared Directories entry.</P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Now click on the share that you wish to manage, then click on the Properties tab, next click on - the Permissions tab. Now you can Add or change access control settings as you wish.</P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN2891" ->16.1.1.2. Windows 200x/XP</A -></H3 -><P ->On MS Windows NT4/200x/XP system access control lists on the share itself are set using native -tools, usually from filemanager. For example, in Windows 200x: right click on the shared folder, -then select 'Sharing', then click on 'Permissions'. The default Windows NT4/200x permission allows -<SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Everyone</I -></SPAN -> Full Control on the Share.</P -><P ->MS Windows 200x and later all comes with a tool called the 'Computer Management' snap-in for the -Microsoft Management Console (MMC). This tool is located by clicking on <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Control Panel -> -Administrative Tools -> Computer Management</TT ->.</P -><DIV -CLASS="PROCEDURE" -><P -><B ->Instructions</B -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> After launching the MMC with the Computer Management snap-in, click on the menu item 'Action', - select 'Connect to another computer'. If you are not logged onto a domain you will be prompted - to enter a domain login user identifier and a password. This will authenticate you to the domain. - If you where already logged in with administrative privilidge this step is not offered.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->If the Samba server is not shown in the Select Computer box, then type in the name of the target -Samba server in the field 'Name:'. Now click on the [+] next to 'System Tools', then on the [+] -next to 'Shared Folders' in the left panel.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now in the right panel, double-click on the share you wish to set access control permissions on. -Then click on the tab 'Share Permissions'. It is now possible to add access control entities -to the shared folder. Do NOT forget to set what type of access (full control, change, read) you -wish to assign for each entry.</P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="WARNING" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="WARNING" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/warning.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Warning"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Be careful. If you take away all permissions from the Everyone user without removing this user -then effectively no user will be able to access the share. This is a result of what is known as -ACL precidence. ie: Everyone with NO ACCESS means that MaryK who is part of the group Everyone -will have no access even if this user is given explicit full control access.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2907" ->16.2. Remote Server Administration</A -></H1 -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'?</I -></SPAN -></P -><P ->Since I don't need to buy an NT4 Server, how do I get the 'User Manager for Domains', -the 'Server Manager'?</P -><P ->Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for installation on Windows 9x / Me -systems. The tools set includes:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->Server Manager</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->User Manager for Domains</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Event Viewer</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Click here to download the archived file <A -HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE" -TARGET="_top" ->ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</A -></P -><P ->The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for -Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp -from <A -HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE" -TARGET="_top" ->ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</A -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2924" ->16.3. Network Logon Script Magic</A -></H1 -><P ->This section needs work. Volunteer contributions most welcome. Please send your patches or updates -to <A -HREF="mailto:jht@samba.org" -TARGET="_top" ->John Terpstra</A ->.</P -><P ->There are several opportunities for creating a custom network startup configuration environment.</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->No Logon Script</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Simple universal Logon Script that applies to all users</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Use of a conditional Logon Script that applies per user or per group attirbutes</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Use of Samba's Preexec and Postexec functions on access to the NETLOGON share to create - a custom Logon Script and then execute it.</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->User of a tool such as KixStart</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->The Samba source code tree includes two logon script generation/execution tools. See <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->examples</TT -> directory <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->genlogon</TT -> and <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->ntlogon</TT -> subdirectories.</P -><P ->The following listings are from the genlogon directory.</P -><P ->This is the genlogon.pl file: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> #!/usr/bin/perl - # - # genlogon.pl - # - # Perl script to generate user logon scripts on the fly, when users - # connect from a Windows client. This script should be called from smb.conf - # with the %U, %G and %L parameters. I.e: - # - # root preexec = genlogon.pl %U %G %L - # - # The script generated will perform - # the following: - # - # 1. Log the user connection to /var/log/samba/netlogon.log - # 2. Set the PC's time to the Linux server time (which is maintained - # daily to the National Institute of Standard's Atomic clock on the - # internet. - # 3. Connect the user's home drive to H: (H for Home). - # 4. Connect common drives that everyone uses. - # 5. Connect group-specific drives for certain user groups. - # 6. Connect user-specific drives for certain users. - # 7. Connect network printers. - - # Log client connection - #($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time); - ($sec,$min,$hour,$mday,$mon,$year,$wday,$yday,$isdst) = localtime(time); - open LOG, ">>/var/log/samba/netlogon.log"; - print LOG "$mon/$mday/$year $hour:$min:$sec - User $ARGV[0] logged into $ARGV[1]\n"; - close LOG; - - # Start generating logon script - open LOGON, ">/shared/netlogon/$ARGV[0].bat"; - print LOGON "\@ECHO OFF\r\n"; - - # Connect shares just use by Software Development group - if ($ARGV[1] eq "SOFTDEV" || $ARGV[0] eq "softdev") - { - print LOGON "NET USE M: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SOURCE\r\n"; - } - - # Connect shares just use by Technical Support staff - if ($ARGV[1] eq "SUPPORT" || $ARGV[0] eq "support") - { - print LOGON "NET USE S: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\SUPPORT\r\n"; - } - - # Connect shares just used by Administration staff - If ($ARGV[1] eq "ADMIN" || $ARGV[0] eq "admin") - { - print LOGON "NET USE L: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\ADMIN\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE K: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\MKTING\r\n"; - } - - # Now connect Printers. We handle just two or three users a little - # differently, because they are the exceptions that have desktop - # printers on LPT1: - all other user's go to the LaserJet on the - # server. - if ($ARGV[0] eq 'jim' - || $ARGV[0] eq 'yvonne') - { - print LOGON "NET USE LPT2: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n"; - } - else - { - print LOGON "NET USE LPT1: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\LJET3\r\n"; - print LOGON "NET USE LPT3: \\\\$ARGV[2]\\FAXQ\r\n"; - } - - # All done! Close the output file. - close LOGON;</PRE -></P -><P ->Those wishing to use more elaborate or capable logon processing system should check out the following sites:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->http://www.craigelachie.org/rhacer/ntlogon</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->http://www.kixtart.org</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="winbind.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="policymgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->System and Account Policies</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/appendixes.html b/docs/htmldocs/appendixes.html index 8015702c51..e7eefcb441 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/appendixes.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/appendixes.html @@ -5,16 +5,17 @@ >Appendixes</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Unicode/Charsets" -HREF="unicode.html"><LINK +TITLE="Samba performance issues" +HREF="speed.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="How to compile SAMBA" -HREF="compiling.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Portability" +HREF="portability.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="PART" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -42,7 +43,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="unicode.html" +HREF="speed.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="compiling.html" +HREF="portability.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -68,13 +69,262 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="PART" ><A -NAME="APPENDIXES" -></A -><DIV +NAME="APPENDIXES"><DIV CLASS="TITLEPAGE" ><H1 CLASS="TITLE" >IV. Appendixes</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>23. <A +HREF="portability.html" +>Portability</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>23.1. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3139" +>HPUX</A +></DT +><DT +>23.2. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3145" +>SCO Unix</A +></DT +><DT +>23.3. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3149" +>DNIX</A +></DT +><DT +>23.4. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3178" +>RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24. <A +HREF="other-clients.html" +>Samba and other CIFS clients</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3199" +>Macintosh clients?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3208" +>OS2 Client</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.2.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3210" +>How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or + OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3225" +>How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), + OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3234" +>Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) + is used as a client?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3238" +>How do I get printer driver download working + for OS/2 clients?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3248" +>Windows for Workgroups</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.3.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3250" +>Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3255" +>Delete .pwl files after password change</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3260" +>Configure WfW password handling</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3264" +>Case handling of passwords</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3269" +>Windows '95/'98</A +></DT +><DT +>24.5. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3285" +>Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>25. <A +HREF="bugreport.html" +>Reporting Bugs</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>25.1. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3309" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>25.2. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3319" +>General info</A +></DT +><DT +>25.3. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3325" +>Debug levels</A +></DT +><DT +>25.4. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3342" +>Internal errors</A +></DT +><DT +>25.5. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3352" +>Attaching to a running process</A +></DT +><DT +>25.6. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3355" +>Patches</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>26. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html" +>Diagnosing your samba server</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>26.1. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3378" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>26.2. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3383" +>Assumptions</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3393" +>Tests</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>26.3.1. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3395" +>Test 1</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.2. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3401" +>Test 2</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.3. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3407" +>Test 3</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.4. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3422" +>Test 4</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.5. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3427" +>Test 5</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.6. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3433" +>Test 6</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.7. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3441" +>Test 7</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.8. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3467" +>Test 8</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.9. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3484" +>Test 9</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.10. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3492" +>Test 10</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.11. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3498" +>Test 11</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>26.4. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3503" +>Still having troubles?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV @@ -93,7 +343,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="unicode.html" +HREF="speed.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -111,7 +361,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="compiling.html" +HREF="portability.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -121,7 +371,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->Unicode/Charsets</TD +>Samba performance issues</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" @@ -131,7 +381,7 @@ VALIGN="top" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->How to compile SAMBA</TD +>Portability</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html b/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html index 4611db7195..8c597e001f 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/browsing-quick.html @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ >Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK @@ -13,11 +14,11 @@ REL="UP" TITLE="General installation" HREF="introduction.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="How to Install and Test SAMBA" -HREF="install.html"><LINK +TITLE="Improved browsing in samba" +HREF="improved-browsing.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="User information database" -HREF="passdb.html"></HEAD +TITLE="LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba" +HREF="pwencrypt.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="install.html" +HREF="improved-browsing.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="passdb.html" +HREF="pwencrypt.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -72,74 +73,7 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="BROWSING-QUICK" -></A ->Chapter 3. Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->3.1. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN305" ->Discussion</A -></DT -><DT ->3.2. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN326" ->How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and -dependable browsing using Samba</A -></DT -><DT ->3.3. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN340" ->Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Announce</B -> parameter</A -></DT -><DT ->3.4. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN363" ->Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Browse Sync</B -> parameter</A -></DT -><DT ->3.5. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN374" ->Use of WINS</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->3.5.1. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN391" ->WINS Replication</A -></DT -><DT ->3.5.2. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN395" ->Static WINS Entries</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->3.6. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN400" ->Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</A -></DT -><DT ->3.7. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN408" ->Name Resolution Order</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV +NAME="BROWSING-QUICK">Chapter 3. Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</H1 ><P >This document should be read in conjunction with Browsing and may be taken as the fast track guide to implementing browsing across subnets @@ -147,117 +81,43 @@ and / or across workgroups (or domains). WINS is the best tool for resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addesses. WINS is NOT involved in browse list handling except by way of name to address mapping.</P ><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->MS Windows 2000 and later can be configured to operate with NO NetBIOS -over TCP/IP. Samba-3 and later also supports this mode of operation.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN305" ->3.1. Discussion</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN377">3.1. Discussion</H1 ><P >Firstly, all MS Windows networking is based on SMB (Server Message -Block) based messaging. SMB messaging may be implemented using NetBIOS or -without NetBIOS. Samba implements NetBIOS by encapsulating it over TCP/IP. -MS Windows products can do likewise. NetBIOS based networking uses broadcast -messaging to affect browse list management. When running NetBIOS over -TCP/IP this uses UDP based messaging. UDP messages can be broadcast or unicast.</P +Block) based messaging. SMB messaging is implemented using NetBIOS. Samba +implements NetBIOS by encapsulating it over TCP/IP. MS Windows products can +do likewise. NetBIOS based networking uses broadcast messaging to affect +browse list management. When running NetBIOS over TCP/IP this uses UDP +based messaging. UDP messages can be broadcast or unicast.</P ><P >Normally, only unicast UDP messaging can be forwarded by routers. The -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> -parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements -to remote network segments via unicast UDP. Similarly, the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> parameter of <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -implements browse list collation using unicast UDP.</P +"remote announce" parameter to smb.conf helps to project browse announcements +to remote network segments via unicast UDP. Similarly, the "remote browse sync" +parameter of smb.conf implements browse list collation using unicast UDP.</P ><P >Secondly, in those networks where Samba is the only SMB server technology -wherever possible <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->nmbd</SPAN -> should be configured on one (1) machine as the WINS +wherever possible nmbd should be configured on one (1) machine as the WINS server. This makes it easy to manage the browsing environment. If each network segment is configured with it's own Samba WINS server, then the only way to -get cross segment browsing to work is by using the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> and the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> -parameters to your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file.</P -><P ->If only one WINS server is used for an entire multi-segment network then -the use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> and the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> parameters should NOT be necessary.</P -><P ->As of Samba 3 WINS replication is being worked on. The bulk of the code has -been committed, but it still needs maturation.</P -><P ->Right now samba WINS does not support MS-WINS replication. This means that -when setting up Samba as a WINS server there must only be one <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->nmbd</SPAN -> configured -as a WINS server on the network. Some sites have used multiple Samba WINS -servers for redundancy (one server per subnet) and then used -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> and <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> -to affect browse list collation across all -segments. Note that this means clients will only resolve local names, -and must be configured to use DNS to resolve names on other subnets in -order to resolve the IP addresses of the servers they can see on other -subnets. This setup is not recommended, but is mentioned as a practical -consideration (ie: an 'if all else fails' scenario).</P +get cross segment browsing to work is by using the "remote announce" and +the "remote browse sync" parameters to your smb.conf file.</P +><P +>If only one WINS server is used then the use of the "remote announce" and the +"remote browse sync" parameters should NOT be necessary.</P +><P +>Samba WINS does not support MS-WINS replication. This means that when setting up +Samba as a WINS server there must only be one nmbd configured as a WINS server +on the network. Some sites have used multiple Samba WINS servers for redundancy +(one server per subnet) and then used "remote browse sync" and "remote announce" +to affect browse list collation across all segments. Note that this means +clients will only resolve local names, and must be configured to use DNS to +resolve names on other subnets in order to resolve the IP addresses of the +servers they can see on other subnets. This setup is not recommended, but is +mentioned as a practical consideration (ie: an 'if all else fails' scenario).</P ><P >Lastly, take note that browse lists are a collection of unreliable broadcast messages that are repeated at intervals of not more than 15 minutes. This means @@ -269,120 +129,19 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN326" ->3.2. How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and -dependable browsing using Samba</A -></H1 -><P ->As stated above, MS Windows machines register their NetBIOS names -(i.e.: the machine name for each service type in operation) on start -up. Also, as stated above, the exact method by which this name registration -takes place is determined by whether or not the MS Windows client/server -has been given a WINS server address, whether or not LMHOSTS lookup -is enabled, or if DNS for NetBIOS name resolution is enabled, etc.</P -><P ->In the case where there is no WINS server all name registrations as -well as name lookups are done by UDP broadcast. This isolates name -resolution to the local subnet, unless LMHOSTS is used to list all -names and IP addresses. In such situations Samba provides a means by -which the samba server name may be forcibly injected into the browse -list of a remote MS Windows network (using the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> parameter).</P -><P ->Where a WINS server is used, the MS Windows client will use UDP -unicast to register with the WINS server. Such packets can be routed -and thus WINS allows name resolution to function across routed networks.</P -><P ->During the startup process an election will take place to create a -local master browser if one does not already exist. On each NetBIOS network -one machine will be elected to function as the domain master browser. This -domain browsing has nothing to do with MS security domain control. -Instead, the domain master browser serves the role of contacting each local -master browser (found by asking WINS or from LMHOSTS) and exchanging browse -list contents. This way every master browser will eventually obtain a complete -list of all machines that are on the network. Every 11-15 minutes an election -is held to determine which machine will be the master browser. By the nature of -the election criteria used, the machine with the highest uptime, or the -most senior protocol version, or other criteria, will win the election -as domain master browser.</P -><P ->Clients wishing to browse the network make use of this list, but also depend -on the availability of correct name resolution to the respective IP -address/addresses. </P -><P ->Any configuration that breaks name resolution and/or browsing intrinsics -will annoy users because they will have to put up with protracted -inability to use the network services.</P +NAME="AEN385">3.2. Use of the "Remote Announce" parameter</H1 ><P ->Samba supports a feature that allows forced synchonisation -of browse lists across routed networks using the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote -browse sync</B -> parameter in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file. -This causes Samba to contact the local master browser on a remote network and -to request browse list synchronisation. This effectively bridges -two networks that are separated by routers. The two remote -networks may use either broadcast based name resolution or WINS -based name resolution, but it should be noted that the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote -browse sync</B -> parameter provides browse list synchronisation - and -that is distinct from name to address resolution, in other -words, for cross subnet browsing to function correctly it is -essential that a name to address resolution mechanism be provided. -This mechanism could be via DNS, <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/hosts</TT ->, -and so on.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN340" ->3.3. Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Announce</B -> parameter</A -></H1 -><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> parameter of -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> can be used to forcibly ensure +>The "remote announce" parameter of smb.conf can be used to forcibly ensure that all the NetBIOS names on a network get announced to a remote network. -The syntax of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> parameter is: +The syntax of the "remote announce" parameter is: <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> remote announce = <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->a.b.c.d [e.f.g.h]</VAR -> ...</PRE +> remote announce = a.b.c.d [e.f.g.h] ...</PRE > _or_ <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> remote announce = <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->a.b.c.d/WORKGROUP [e.f.g.h/WORKGROUP]</VAR -> ...</PRE +> remote announce = a.b.c.d/WORKGROUP [e.f.g.h/WORKGROUP] ...</PRE > where: @@ -392,14 +151,7 @@ where: CLASS="VARIABLELIST" ><DL ><DT -><VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->a.b.c.d</VAR -> and -<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->e.f.g.h</VAR -></DT +>a.b.c.d and e.f.g.h</DT ><DD ><P >is either the LMB (Local Master Browser) IP address @@ -414,10 +166,7 @@ undesirable but may be necessary if we do NOT know the IP address of the remote LMB.</P ></DD ><DT -><VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->WORKGROUP</VAR -></DT +>WORKGROUP</DT ><DD ><P >is optional and can be either our own workgroup @@ -436,51 +185,27 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN363" ->3.4. Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Browse Sync</B -> parameter</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN399">3.3. Use of the "Remote Browse Sync" parameter</H1 ><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> parameter of -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> is used to announce to +>The "remote browse sync" parameter of smb.conf is used to announce to another LMB that it must synchronise it's NetBIOS name list with our Samba LMB. It works ONLY if the Samba server that has this option is simultaneously the LMB on it's network segment.</P ><P ->The syntax of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote browse sync</B -> parameter is: - +>The syntax of the "remote browse sync" parameter is: <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->remote browse sync = <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->a.b.c.d</VAR -></PRE +> remote browse sync = a.b.c.d</PRE > -where <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->a.b.c.d</VAR -> is either the IP address of the remote LMB or else is the network broadcast address of the remote segment.</P +where a.b.c.d is either the IP address of the remote LMB or else is the network broadcast address of the remote segment.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN374" ->3.5. Use of WINS</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN404">3.4. Use of WINS</H1 ><P >Use of WINS (either Samba WINS _or_ MS Windows NT Server WINS) is highly recommended. Every NetBIOS machine registers it's name together with a @@ -502,11 +227,7 @@ of all names that have registered the NetLogon service name_type. This saves broadcast traffic and greatly expedites logon processing. Since broadcast name resolution can not be used across network segments this type of information can only be provided via WINS _or_ via statically configured -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->lmhosts</TT -> files that must reside on all clients in the -absence of WINS.</P +"lmhosts" files that must reside on all clients in the absence of WINS.</P ><P >WINS also serves the purpose of forcing browse list synchronisation by all LMB's. LMB's must synchronise their browse list with the DMB (domain master @@ -524,106 +245,32 @@ machines that have not registered with a WINS server will fail name to address lookup attempts by other clients and will therefore cause workstation access errors.</P ><P ->To configure Samba as a WINS server just add -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -file [globals] section.</P +>To configure Samba as a WINS server just add "wins support = yes" to the +smb.conf file [globals] section.</P ><P >To configure Samba to register with a WINS server just add "wins server = a.b.c.d" to your smb.conf file [globals] section.</P -><DIV -CLASS="IMPORTANT" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="IMPORTANT" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/important.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Important"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Never use both <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> together -with <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins server = a.b.c.d</B -> -particularly not using it's own IP address. -Specifying both will cause <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->nmbd</SPAN -> to refuse to start!</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN391" ->3.5.1. WINS Replication</A -></H2 ><P ->Samba-3 permits WINS replication through the use of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->wrepld</TT -> utility. -This tool is not currently capable of being used as it is still in active development. -As soon as this tool becomes moderately functional we will prepare man pages and enhance this -section of the documentation to provide usage and technical details.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN395" ->3.5.2. Static WINS Entries</A -></H2 -><P ->New to Samba-3 is a tool called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->winsedit</TT -> that may be used to add -static WINS entries to the WINS database. This tool can be used also to modify entries -existing in the WINS database.</P -><P ->The development of the winsedit tool was made necessary due to the migration -of the older style wins.dat file into a new tdb binary backend data store.</P -></DIV +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DO NOT EVER</I +></SPAN +> use both "wins support = yes" together with "wins server = a.b.c.d" +particularly not using it's own IP address.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN400" ->3.6. Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN415">3.5. Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</H1 ><P >A very common cause of browsing problems results from installing more than one protocol on an MS Windows machine.</P ><P ->Every NetBIOS machine takes part in a process of electing the LMB (and DMB) +>Every NetBIOS machine take part in a process of electing the LMB (and DMB) every 15 minutes. A set of election criteria is used to determine the order of precidence for winning this election process. A machine running Samba or Windows NT will be biased so that the most suitable machine will predictably @@ -639,19 +286,6 @@ interface over the IPX protocol. Samba will then lose the LMB role as Windows as an LMB and thus browse list operation on all TCP/IP only machines will fail.</P ><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Windows 95, 98, 98se, Me are referred to generically as Windows 9x. -The Windows NT4, 2000, XP and 2003 use common protocols. These are roughly -referred to as the WinNT family, but it should be recognised that 2000 and -XP/2003 introduce new protocol extensions that cause them to behave -differently from MS Windows NT4. Generally, where a server does NOT support -the newer or extended protocol, these will fall back to the NT4 protocols.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P >The safest rule of all to follow it this - USE ONLY ONE PROTOCOL!</P ></DIV ><DIV @@ -659,14 +293,12 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN408" ->3.7. Name Resolution Order</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN421">3.6. Name Resolution Order</H1 ><P >Resolution of NetBIOS names to IP addresses can take place using a number of methods. The only ones that can provide NetBIOS name_type information -are:</P -><P +are: +<P ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" @@ -687,9 +319,10 @@ BORDER="0" ></TABLE ><P ></P +></P ><P ->Alternative means of name resolution includes:</P -><P +>Alternative means of name resolution includes: +<P ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" @@ -706,23 +339,24 @@ BORDER="0" ></TABLE ><P ></P +></P ><P >Many sites want to restrict DNS lookups and want to avoid broadcast name resolution traffic. The "name resolve order" parameter is of great help here. The syntax of the "name resolve order" parameter is: <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast host</PRE +> name resolve order = wins lmhosts bcast host</PRE > _or_ <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->name resolve order = wins lmhosts (eliminates bcast and host)</PRE +> name resolve order = wins lmhosts (eliminates bcast and host)</PRE > The default is: <PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->name resolve order = host lmhost wins bcast</PRE +> name resolve order = host lmhost wins bcast</PRE >. where "host" refers the the native methods used by the Unix system to implement the gethostbyname() function call. This is normally @@ -754,7 +388,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="install.html" +HREF="improved-browsing.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -772,7 +406,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="passdb.html" +HREF="pwencrypt.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -782,7 +416,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->How to Install and Test SAMBA</TD +>Improved browsing in samba</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" @@ -796,7 +430,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->User information database</TD +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/bugreport.html b/docs/htmldocs/bugreport.html index b46173f559..fcc4b7e91a 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/bugreport.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/bugreport.html @@ -1,113 +1,352 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 29. Reporting Bugs</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part IV. Troubleshooting"><link rel="previous" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems"><link rel="next" href="Appendixes.html" title="Part V. Appendixes"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 29. Reporting Bugs</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="problems.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Appendixes.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="bugreport"></a>Chapter 29. Reporting Bugs</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> 27 June 1997 </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2903912">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2903826">General info</a></dt><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2904609">Debug levels</a></dt><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2904745">Internal errors</a></dt><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2904838">Attaching to a running process</a></dt><dt><a href="bugreport.html#id2904885">Patches</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2903912"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>Please report bugs using <a href="https://bugzilla.samba.org/" target="_top">bugzilla</a>.</p><p> -Please take the time to read this file before you submit a bug +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Reporting Bugs</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Appendixes" +HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Samba and other CIFS clients" +HREF="other-clients.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Diagnosing your samba server" +HREF="diagnosis.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="other-clients.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="diagnosis.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="BUGREPORT">Chapter 25. Reporting Bugs</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3309">25.1. Introduction</H1 +><P +>The email address for bug reports for stable releases is <A +HREF="samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>samba@samba.org</A +>. +Bug reports for alpha releases should go to <A +HREF="mailto:samba-technical@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>samba-technical@samba.org</A +>.</P +><P +>Please take the time to read this file before you submit a bug report. Also, please see if it has changed between releases, as we -may be changing the bug reporting mechanism at some time. -</p><p> -Please also do as much as you can yourself to help track down the +may be changing the bug reporting mechanism at some time.</P +><P +>Please also do as much as you can yourself to help track down the bug. Samba is maintained by a dedicated group of people who volunteer their time, skills and efforts. We receive far more mail about it than we can possibly answer, so you have a much higher chance of an answer -and a fix if you send us a "developer friendly" bug report that lets -us fix it fast. -</p><p> -Do not assume that if you post the bug to the comp.protocols.smb +and a fix if you send us a "developer friendly" bug report that lets +us fix it fast. </P +><P +>Do not assume that if you post the bug to the comp.protocols.smb newsgroup or the mailing list that we will read it. If you suspect that your problem is not a bug but a configuration problem then it is better to send it to the Samba mailing list, as there are (at last count) 5000 other users on -that list that may be able to help you. -</p><p> -You may also like to look though the recent mailing list archives, +that list that may be able to help you.</P +><P +>You may also like to look though the recent mailing list archives, which are conveniently accessible on the Samba web pages -at <a href="http://samba.org/samba/" target="_top">http://samba.org/samba/</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2903826"></a>General info</h2></div></div><p> -Before submitting a bug report check your config for silly +at <A +HREF="http://samba.org/samba/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/samba/</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3319">25.2. General info</H1 +><P +>Before submitting a bug report check your config for silly errors. Look in your log files for obvious messages that tell you that you've misconfigured something and run testparm to test your config -file for correct syntax. -</p><p> -Have you run through the <a href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter 27. The samba checklist">diagnosis</a>? -This is very important. -</p><p> -If you include part of a log file with your bug report then be sure to +file for correct syntax.</P +><P +>Have you run through the <A +HREF="Diagnosis.html" +TARGET="_top" +>diagnosis</A +>? +This is very important.</P +><P +>If you include part of a log file with your bug report then be sure to annotate it with exactly what you were doing on the client at the -time, and exactly what the results were. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2904609"></a>Debug levels</h2></div></div><p> -If the bug has anything to do with Samba behaving incorrectly as a +time, and exactly what the results were.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3325">25.3. Debug levels</H1 +><P +>If the bug has anything to do with Samba behaving incorrectly as a server (like refusing to open a file) then the log files will probably be very useful. Depending on the problem a log level of between 3 and 10 showing the problem may be appropriate. A higher level givesmore -detail, but may use too much disk space. -</p><p> -To set the debug level use <b>log level =</b> in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>. You may also find it useful to set the log +detail, but may use too much disk space.</P +><P +>To set the debug level use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log level =</B +> in your +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. You may also find it useful to set the log level higher for just one machine and keep separate logs for each machine. -To do this use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -log level = 10 +To do this use:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>log level = 10 log file = /usr/local/samba/lib/log.%m -include = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m -</pre><p> -then create a file -<tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.<i><tt>machine</tt></i></tt> where -<i><tt>machine</tt></i> is the name of the client you wish to debug. In that file -put any <tt>smb.conf</tt> commands you want, for example -<b>log level=</b> may be useful. This also allows you to +include = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m</PRE +></P +><P +>then create a file +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.machine</TT +> where +"machine" is the name of the client you wish to debug. In that file +put any smb.conf commands you want, for example +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log level=</B +> may be useful. This also allows you to experiment with different security systems, protocol levels etc on just -one machine. -</p><p> -The <tt>smb.conf</tt> entry <b>log level =</b> -is synonymous with the entry <b>debuglevel =</b> that has been +one machine.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> entry <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log level =</B +> +is synonymous with the entry <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debuglevel =</B +> that has been used in older versions of Samba and is being retained for backwards -compatibility of <tt>smb.conf</tt> files. -</p><p> -As the <b>log level =</b> value is increased you will record +compatibility of smb.conf files.</P +><P +>As the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log level =</B +> value is increased you will record a significantly increasing level of debugging information. For most debugging operations you may not need a setting higher than 3. Nearly all bugs can be tracked at a setting of 10, but be prepared for a VERY -large volume of log data. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2904745"></a>Internal errors</h2></div></div><p> -If you get a "INTERNAL ERROR" message in your log files it means that +large volume of log data.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3342">25.4. Internal errors</H1 +><P +>If you get a "INTERNAL ERROR" message in your log files it means that Samba got an unexpected signal while running. It is probably a segmentation fault and almost certainly means a bug in Samba (unless -you have faulty hardware or system software). -</p><p> -If the message came from smbd then it will probably be accompanied by +you have faulty hardware or system software)</P +><P +>If the message came from smbd then it will probably be accompanied by a message which details the last SMB message received by smbd. This info is often very useful in tracking down the problem so please -include it in your bug report. -</p><p> -You should also detail how to reproduce the problem, if -possible. Please make this reasonably detailed. -</p><p> -You may also find that a core file appeared in a <tt>corefiles</tt> +include it in your bug report.</P +><P +>You should also detail how to reproduce the problem, if +possible. Please make this reasonably detailed.</P +><P +>You may also find that a core file appeared in a "corefiles" subdirectory of the directory where you keep your samba log files. This file is the most useful tool for tracking down the bug. To -use it you do this: -</p><p><b>gdb smbd core</b></p><p> -adding appropriate paths to smbd and core so gdb can find them. If you -don't have gdb then try <b><tt>dbx</tt></b>. Then within the debugger use the -command <b><tt>where</tt></b> to give a stack trace of where the problem -occurred. Include this in your mail. -</p><p> -If you know any assembly language then do a <b><tt>disass</tt></b> of the routine +use it you do this:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>gdb smbd core</B +></P +><P +>adding appropriate paths to smbd and core so gdb can find them. If you +don't have gdb then try "dbx". Then within the debugger use the +command "where" to give a stack trace of where the problem +occurred. Include this in your mail.</P +><P +>If you known any assembly language then do a "disass" of the routine where the problem occurred (if its in a library routine then disassemble the routine that called it) and try to work out exactly where the problem is by looking at the surrounding code. Even if you don't know assembly then incuding this info in the bug report can be -useful. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2904838"></a>Attaching to a running process</h2></div></div><p> -Unfortunately some unixes (in particular some recent linux kernels) +useful. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3352">25.5. Attaching to a running process</H1 +><P +>Unfortunately some unixes (in particular some recent linux kernels) refuse to dump a core file if the task has changed uid (which smbd does often). To debug with this sort of system you could try to attach -to the running process using <b><tt>gdb smbd <i><tt>PID</tt></i></tt></b> where you get <i><tt>PID</tt></i> from -smbstatus. Then use <b><tt>c</tt></b> to continue and try to cause the core dump +to the running process using "gdb smbd PID" where you get PID from +smbstatus. Then use "c" to continue and try to cause the core dump using the client. The debugger should catch the fault and tell you -where it occurred. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2904885"></a>Patches</h2></div></div><p> -The best sort of bug report is one that includes a fix! If you send us -patches please use <b><tt>diff -u</tt></b> format if your version of -diff supports it, otherwise use <b><tt>diff -c4</tt></b>. Make sure -you do the diff against a clean version of the source and let me know -exactly what version you used. -</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="problems.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="troubleshooting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Appendixes.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Part V. Appendixes</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +where it occurred.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3355">25.6. Patches</H1 +><P +>The best sort of bug report is one that includes a fix! If you send us +patches please use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>diff -u</B +> format if your version of +diff supports it, otherwise use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>diff -c4</B +>. Make sure +your do the diff against a clean version of the source and let me know +exactly what version you used. </P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="other-clients.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="diagnosis.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba and other CIFS clients</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="appendixes.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Diagnosing your samba server</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/cups-printing.html b/docs/htmldocs/cups-printing.html deleted file mode 100644 index 8dd4a94f4f..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/cups-printing.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2773 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->CUPS Printing Support</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Printing Support" -HREF="printing.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind" -HREF="winbind.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="printing.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="winbind.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="CUPS-PRINTING" -></A ->Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->14.1. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2034" ->Introduction</A -></DT -><DT ->14.2. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2041" ->Configuring <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> for CUPS</A -></DT -><DT ->14.3. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2061" ->CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</A -></DT -><DT ->14.4. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2118" ->CUPS as a network PostScript RIP -- CUPS drivers working on server, Adobe -PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs downloaded to clients</A -></DT -><DT ->14.5. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2139" ->Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</A -></DT -><DT ->14.6. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2143" ->Setting up CUPS for driver download</A -></DT -><DT ->14.7. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2156" ->Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</A -></DT -><DT ->14.8. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2212" ->The CUPS Filter Chains</A -></DT -><DT ->14.9. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2251" ->CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</A -></DT -><DT ->14.10. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2328" ->Limiting the number of pages users can print</A -></DT -><DT ->14.11. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2424" ->Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</A -></DT -><DT ->14.12. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2439" ->Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2034" ->14.1. Introduction</A -></H1 -><P ->The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) has become very popular, but to many it is -a very mystical tool. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding CUPS and how -it works. The result is seen in a large number of posting on the samba mailing lists -expressing frustration when MS Windows printers appear not to work with a CUPS -backr-end.</P -><P ->This is a good time to point out how CUPS can be used and what it does. CUPS is more -than just a print spooling system - it is a complete printer management system that -complies with HTTP and IPP protocols. It can be managed remotely via a web browser -and it can print using http and ipp protocols.</P -><P ->CUPS allows to creation of RAW printers (ie: NO file format translation) as well as -SMART printers (ie: CUPS does file format conversion as required for the printer). In -many ways this gives CUPS similar capabilities to the MS Windows print monitoring -system. Of course, if you are a CUPS advocate, you would agrue that CUPS is better! -In any case, let us now move on to explore how one may configure CUPS for interfacing -with MS Windows print clients via Samba.</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.cups.org/" -TARGET="_top" ->CUPS</A -> is a newcomer in the UNIX printing scene, -which has convinced many people upon first trial already. However, it has quite a few -new features, which make it different from other, more traditional printing systems.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2041" ->14.2. Configuring <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> for CUPS</A -></H1 -><P ->Printing with CUPS in the most basic <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -setup in Samba-3 only needs two settings: <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printing = cups</B -> and -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printcap = cups</B ->. While CUPS itself doesn't need a printcap -anymore, the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->cupsd.conf</TT -> configuration file knows two directives -(example: <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Printcap /etc/printcap</B -> and <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->PrintcapFormat -BSD</B ->), which control if such a file should be created for the -convenience of third party applications. Make sure it is set! For details see -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->man cupsd.conf</B -> and other CUPS-related documentation.</P -><P ->If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printcap = cups</B -> uses the -CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V commands -with an additional <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-oraw</VAR -> option for printing. On a Linux system, -you can use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->ldd</B -> command to find out details (ldd may not be -present on other OS platforms, or its function may be embodied by a different command):</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->transmeta:/home/kurt # ldd `which smbd` - libssl.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.6 (0x4002d000) - libcrypto.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.6 (0x4005a000) - libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x40123000) - libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x401e8000) - libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x401ec000) - libpam.so.0 => /lib/libpam.so.0 (0x40202000) - libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4020b000) - /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)</PRE -></P -><P ->The line "libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 -(0x40123000)" shows there is CUPS support compiled into this version of -Samba. If this is the case, and <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printing = cups</B -> is set, then any -otherwise manually set print command in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> is ignored.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2061" ->14.3. CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</A -></H1 -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->When used in raw print through mode is will be necessary to use the printer -vendor's drivers in each Windows client PC.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->When CUPS printers are configured for RAW print-through mode operation it is the -responsibility of the Samba client to fully render the print job (file) in a format -that is suitable for direct delivery to the printer. In this case CUPS will NOT -do any print file format conversion work.</P -><P ->The CUPS files that need to be correctly set for RAW mode printers to work are: - -<P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -><TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/cups/mime.types</TT -></P -></LI -><LI -><P -><TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/cups/mime.convs</TT -></P -></LI -></UL -> - -Both contain entries that must be uncommented to allow <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->RAW</I -></SPAN -> mode -operation.</P -><P ->Firstly, to enable CUPS based printing from Samba the following options must be -enabled in your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file [globals] section: - -<P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->printing = CUPS</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->printcap = CUPS</P -></LI -></UL -> - -When these parameters are specified the print directives in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> (as well as in -samba itself) will be ignored because samba will directly interface with CUPS through -it's application program interface (API) - so long as Samba has been compiled with -CUPS library (libcups) support. If samba has NOT been compiled with CUPS support then -printing will use the System V AT&T command set with the <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->-oraw</I -></SPAN -> -option automatically passing through.</P -><P ->Cupsomatic (an enhanced printing utility that is part of some CUPS implementations) -on the Samba/CUPS server does *not* add any features if a file is really -printed "raw". However, if you have loaded the driver for the Windows client from -the CUPS server, using the "cupsaddsmb" utility, and if this driver is one using -a "Foomatic" PPD, the PJL header in question is already added on the Windows client, -at the time when the driver initially generated the PostScript data and CUPS in true -"-oraw" manner doesn't remove this PJL header and passes the file "as is" to its -printer communication backend.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->NOTE: editing in the "mime.convs" and the "mime.types" file does not *enforce* -"raw" printing, it only *allows* it.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->Print files that arrive from MS Windows printing are "auto-typed" by CUPS. This aids -the process of determining proper treatment while in the print queue system. - -<P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> Files generated by PCL drivers and directed at PCK printers get auto-typed as - <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->application/octet-stream</TT ->. Unknown file format types also - get auto-typed with this tag. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Files generated by a Postscript driver and directed at a Postscript printer - are auto-typed depending on the auto-detected most suitable MIME type as: - - <P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->* application/postscript</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->* application/vnd.cups-postscript</P -></LI -></UL -> - </P -></LI -></UL -></P -><P ->"application/postscript" first goes thru the "pstops" filter (where the page counting -and accounting takes place). The outcome will be of MIME type -"application/vnd.cups-postscript". The pstopsfilter reads and uses information from -the PPD and inserts user-provided options into the PostScript file. As a consequence, -the filtered file could possibly have an unwanted PJL header.</P -><P ->"application/postscript" will be all files with a ".ps", ".ai", ".eps" suffix or which -have as their first character string one of "%!" or ">04<%".</P -><P ->"application/vnd.cups-postscript" will files which contain the string -"LANGUAGE=POSTSCRIPT" (or similar variations with different capitalization) in the -first 512 bytes, and also contain the "PJL super escape code" in the first 128 bytes -(">1B<%-12345X"). Very likely, most PostScript files generated on Windows using a CUPS -or other PPD, will have to be auto-typed as "vnd.cups-postscript". A file produced -with a "Generic PostScript driver" will just be tagged "application/postscript".</P -><P ->Once the file is in "application/vnd.cups-postscript" format, either "pstoraster" -or "cupsomatic" will take over (depending on the printer configuration, as -determined by the PPD in use).</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->A printer queue with *no* PPD associated to it is a "raw" printer and all files -will go directly there as received by the spooler. The exeptions are file types -"application/octet-stream" which need "passthrough feature" enabled. -"Raw" queues don't do any filtering at all, they hand the file directly to the -CUPS backend. This backend is responsible for the sending of the data to the device -(as in the "device URI" notation as lpd://, socket://, smb://, ipp://, http://, -parallel:/, serial:/, usb:/ etc.)</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->"cupsomatic"/Foomatic are *not* native CUPS drivers and they don't ship with CUPS. -They are a Third Party add-on, developed at Linuxprinting.org. As such, they are -a brilliant hack to make all models (driven by Ghostscript drivers/filters in -traditional spoolers) also work via CUPS, with the same (good or bad!) quality -as in these other spoolers. "cupsomatic" is only a vehicle to execute a ghostscript -commandline at that stage in the CUPS filtering chain, where "normally" the native -CUPS "pstoraster" filter would kick in. cupsomatic by-passes pstoraster, "kidnaps" -the printfile from CUPS away and re-directs it to go through Ghostscipt. CUPS accepts this, -because the associated CUPS-O-Matic-/Foomatic-PPD specifies:</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> *cupsFilter: "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 cupsomatic"</PRE -><P ->This line persuades CUPS to hand the file to cupsomatic, once it has successfully -converted it to the MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript". This conversion will not -happen for Jobs arriving from Windows which are auto-typed "application/octet-stream", -with the according changes in "/etc/cups/mime.types" in place.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->CUPS is widely configurable and flexible, even regarding its filtering mechanism. -Another workaround in some situations would be to have -in "/etc/cups/mime.types" entries as follows:</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> application/postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 - - application/vnd.cups-postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -</PRE -><P ->This would prevent all Postscript files from being filtered (rather, they will go -thru the virtual "nullfilter" denoted with "-"). This could only be useful for -PS printers. If you want to print PS code on non-PS printers an entry as follows -could be useful:</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> */* application/vnd.cups-raw 0 -</PRE -><P ->and would effectively send *all* files to the backend without further processing.</P -><P ->Lastly, you could have the following entry:</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> application/vnd.cups-postscript application/vnd.cups-raw 0 my_PJL_stripping_filter</PRE -><P ->You will need to write a "my_PJL_stripping_filter" (could be a shellscript) that -parses the PostScript and removes the unwanted PJL. This would need to conform to -CUPS filter design (mainly, receive and pass the parameters printername, job-id, -username, jobtitle, copies, print options and possibly the filename). It would -be installed as world executable into "/usr/lib/cups/filters/" and will be called -by CUPS if it encounters a MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript".</P -><P ->CUPS can handle "-o job-hold-until=indefinite". This keeps the job in the queue -"on hold". It will only be printed upon manual release by the printer operator. -This is a requirement in many "central reproduction departments", where a few -operators manage the jobs of hundreds of users on some big machine, where no -user is allowed to have direct access. (The operators often need to load the -proper paper type before running the 10.000 page job requested by marketing -for the mailing, etc.).</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2118" ->14.4. CUPS as a network PostScript RIP -- CUPS drivers working on server, Adobe -PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs downloaded to clients</A -></H1 -><P ->CUPS is perfectly able to use PPD files (PostScript -Printer Descriptions). PPDs can control all print device options. They -are usually provided by the manufacturer -- if you own a PostSript printer, -that is. PPD files are always a component of PostScript printer drivers on MS -Windows or Apple Mac OS systems. They are ASCII files containing -user-selectable print options, mapped to appropriate PostScript, PCL or PJL -commands for the target printer. Printer driver GUI dialogs translate these -options "on-the-fly" into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to -select.</P -><P ->CUPS can load, without any conversions, the PPD file from -any Windows (NT is recommended) PostScript driver and handle the options. -There is a web browser interface to the print options (select -http://localhost:631/printers/ and click on one "Configure Printer" button -to see it), a commandline interface (see <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->man lpoptions</B -> or -try if you have <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->lphelp</B -> on your system) plus some different GUI frontends on Linux -UNIX, which can present PPD options to the users. PPD options are normally -meant to become evaluated by the PostScript RIP on the real PostScript -printer.</P -><P ->CUPS doesn't stop at "real" PostScript printers in its -usage of PPDs. The CUPS developers have extended the PPD concept, to also -describe available device and driver options for non-PostScript printers -through CUPS-PPDs.</P -><P ->This is logical, as CUPS includes a fully featured -PostScript interpreter (RIP). This RIP is based on Ghostscript. It can -process all received PostScript (and additionally many other file formats) -from clients. All CUPS-PPDs geared to non-PostScript printers contain an -additional line, starting with the keyword <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->*cupsFilter</VAR ->. -This line -tells the CUPS print system which printer-specific filter to use for the -interpretation of the accompanying PostScript. Thus CUPS lets all its -printers appear as PostScript devices to its clients, because it can act as a -PostScript RIP for those printers, processing the received PostScript code -into a proper raster print format.</P -><P ->CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows-Clients, on top of a -PostScript driver (recommended is the Adobe one).</P -><P ->This feature enables CUPS to do a few tricks no other -spooler can do:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->act as a networked PostScript RIP (Raster Image Processor), handling - printfiles from all client platforms in a uniform way;</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->act as a central accounting and billing server, as all files are passed - through the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->pstops</B -> Filter and are therefor logged in - the CUPS <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->page_log</TT ->. - <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->NOTE: </I -></SPAN ->this - can not happen with "raw" print jobs, which always remain unfiltered - per definition;</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->enable clients to consolidate on a single PostScript driver, even for - many different target printers.</P -></LI -></UL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2139" ->14.5. Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</A -></H1 -><P ->This setup may be of special interest to people -experiencing major problems in WTS environments. WTS need often a multitude -of non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of -different printer models. This often imposes the price of much increased -instability. In many cases, in an attempt to overcome this problem, site -administrators have resorted to restrict the allowed drivers installed on -their WTS to one generic PCL- and one PostScript driver. This however -restricts the clients in the amount of printer options available for them -- -often they can't get out more then simplex prints from one standard paper -tray, while their devices could do much better, if driven by a different -driver!</P -><P ->Using an Adobe PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD, -seems to be a very elegant way to overcome all these shortcomings. The -PostScript driver is not known to cause major stability problems on WTS (even -if used with many different PPDs). The clients will be able to (again) chose -paper trays, duplex printing and other settings. However, there is a certain -price for this too: a CUPS server acting as a PostScript RIP for its clients -requires more CPU and RAM than just to act as a "raw spooling" device. Plus, -this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks look very -promising...</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2143" ->14.6. Setting up CUPS for driver download</A -></H1 -><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsadsmb</B -> utility (shipped with all current -CUPS versions) makes the sharing of any (or all) installed CUPS printers very -easy. Prior to using it, you need the following settings in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->[global] - load printers = yes - printing = cups - printcap name = cups - - [printers] - comment = All Printers - path = /var/spool/samba - browseable = no - public = yes - guest ok = yes - writable = no - printable = yes - printer admin = root - - [print$] - comment = Printer Drivers - path = /etc/samba/drivers - browseable = yes - guest ok = no - read only = yes - write list = root - </PRE -></P -><P ->For licensing reasons the necessary files of the Adobe -Postscript driver can not be distributed with either Samba or CUPS. You need -to download them yourself from the Adobe website. Once extracted, create a -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->drivers</TT -> directory in the CUPS data directory (usually -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/share/cups/</TT ->). Copy the Adobe files using -UPPERCASE filenames, to this directory as follows:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> ADFONTS.MFM - ADOBEPS4.DRV - ADOBEPS4.HLP - ADOBEPS5.DLL - ADOBEPSU.DLL - ADOBEPSU.HLP - DEFPRTR2.PPD - ICONLIB.DLL - </PRE -></P -><P ->Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install -their "Samba Drivers" package for this purpose with no problem.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2156" ->14.7. Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</A -></H1 -><P ->On the internet you can find now many thousand CUPS-PPD -files (with their companion filters), in many national languages, -supporting more than 1.000 non-PostScript models.</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -><A -HREF="http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/" -TARGET="_top" ->ESP PrintPro - (http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/)</A -> - (commercial, non-Free) is packaged with more than 3.000 PPDs, ready for - successful usage "out of the box" on Linux, IBM-AIX, HP-UX, Sun-Solaris, - SGI-IRIX, Compaq Tru64, Digital Unix and some more commercial Unices (it - is written by the CUPS developers themselves and its sales help finance - the further development of CUPS, as they feed their creators)</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->the <A -HREF="http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/" -TARGET="_top" ->Gimp-Print-Project - (http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/)</A -> - (GPL, Free Software) provides around 120 PPDs (supporting nearly 300 - printers, many driven to photo quality output), to be used alongside the - Gimp-Print CUPS filters;</P -></LI -><LI -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.turboprint.com/" -TARGET="_top" ->TurboPrint - (http://www.turboprint.com/)</A -> - (Shareware, non-Freee) supports roughly the same amount of printers in - excellent quality;</P -></LI -><LI -><P -><A -HREF="http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/" -TARGET="_top" ->OMNI - (http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/)</A -> - (LPGL, Free) is a package made by IBM, now containing support for more - than 400 printers, stemming from the inheritance of IBM OS/2 KnowHow - ported over to Linux (CUPS support is in a Beta-stage at present);</P -></LI -><LI -><P -><A -HREF="http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/" -TARGET="_top" ->HPIJS - (http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/)</A -> - (BSD-style licnes, Free) supports around 120 of HP's own printers and is - also providing excellent print quality now;</P -></LI -><LI -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/" -TARGET="_top" ->Foomatic/cupsomatic (http://www.linuxprinting.org/)</A -> - (LPGL, Free) from Linuxprinting.org are providing PPDs for practically every - Ghostscript filter known to the world, now usable with CUPS.</P -></LI -></UL -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->NOTE: </I -></SPAN ->the cupsomatic trick from Linuxprinting.org is -working different from the other drivers. While the other drivers take the -generic CUPS raster (produced by CUPS' own pstoraster PostScript RIP) as -their input, cupsomatic "kidnaps" the PostScript inside CUPS, before -RIP-ping, deviates it to an external Ghostscript installation (which now -becomes the RIP) and gives it back to a CUPS backend once Ghostscript is -finished. -- CUPS versions from 1.1.15 and later will provide their pstoraster -PostScript RIP function again inside a system-wide Ghostscript -installation rather than in "their own" pstoraster filter. (This -CUPS-enabling Ghostscript version may be installed either as a -patch to GNU or AFPL Ghostscript, or as a complete ESP Ghostscript package). -However, this will not change the cupsomatic approach of guiding the printjob -along a different path through the filtering system than the standard CUPS -way...</P -><P ->Once you installed a printer inside CUPS with one of the -recommended methods (the lpadmin command, the web browser interface or one of -the available GUI wizards), you can use <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb</B -> to share the -printer via Samba. <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb</B -> prepares the driver files for -comfortable client download and installation upon their first contact with -this printer share.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN2183" ->14.7.1. <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb</B -></A -></H2 -><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb</B -> command copies the needed files -for convenient Windows client installations from the previously prepared CUPS -data directory to your [print$] share. Additionally, the PPD -associated with this printer is copied from <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/cups/ppd/</TT -> to -[print$].</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -><SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->root# </SAMP -> <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb -U root infotec_IS2027</B -> -Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->[type in password 'secret']</KBD -></PRE -></P -><P ->To share all printers and drivers, use the <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-a</VAR -> -parameter instead of a printer name.</P -><P ->Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the -<VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-v</VAR -> parameter to get a more verbose output:</P -><P ->Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the -<VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-v</VAR -> parameter to get a more verbose output:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->Note: The following line shave been wrapped so that information is not lost. - -<SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->root# </SAMP -> cupsaddsmb -v -U root infotec_IS2027 - Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: - Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir W32X86;put - /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ - ADOBEPS5.DLL W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLLr - W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP' - added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 - added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] - NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \W32X86 - putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD (17394.6 kb/s) - (average 17395.2 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS5.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL (10877.4 kb/s) - (average 11343.0 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL (5095.2 kb/s) - (average 9260.4 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP (8828.7 kb/s) - (average 9247.1 kb/s) - - Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir WIN40;put - /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL;put - /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL WIN40/PSMON.DLL;' - added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 - added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 - Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] - NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \WIN40 - putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD (26091.5 kb/s) - (average 26092.8 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM as \WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM (11241.6 kb/s) - (average 11812.9 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV (16640.6 kb/s) - (average 14679.3 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP (11285.6 kb/s) - (average 14281.5 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD as \WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD (823.5 kb/s) - (average 12944.0 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL as \WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL (19226.2 kb/s) - (average 13169.7 kb/s) - putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL as \WIN40/PSMON.DLL (18666.1 kb/s) - (average 13266.7 kb/s) - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows NT x86" - "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL:ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL"' - cmd = adddriver "Windows NT x86" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL: - ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL" - Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows 4.0" - "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL:ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW: - ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL"' - cmd = adddriver "Windows 4.0" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL: - ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW:ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL" - Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. - - Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' - -c 'setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027' - cmd = setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027 - Succesfully set infotec_IS2027 to driver infotec_IS2027. - - <SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->root# </SAMP -></PRE -></P -><P ->If you look closely, you'll discover your root password was transfered unencrypted over -the wire, so beware! Also, if you look further her, you'll discover error messages like -<CODE -CLASS="CONSTANT" ->NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION</CODE -> in between. They occur, because -the directories <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->WIN40</TT -> and <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->W32X86</TT -> already -existed in the [print$] driver download share (from a previous driver -installation). They are harmless here.</P -><P ->Now your printer is prepared for the clients to use. From -a client, browse to the CUPS/Samba server, open the "Printers" -share, right-click on this printer and select "Install..." or -"Connect..." (depending on the Windows version you use). Now their -should be a new printer in your client's local "Printers" folder, -named (in my case) "infotec_IS2027 on kdebitshop"</P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->NOTE: </I -></SPAN -> -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->cupsaddsmb</B -> will only reliably work i -with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher -and Samba from 2.2.4. If it doesn't work, or if the automatic printer -driver download to the clients doesn't succeed, you can still manually -install the CUPS printer PPD on top of the Adobe PostScript driver on -clients and then point the client's printer queue to the Samba printer -share for connection, should you desire to use the CUPS networked -PostScript RIP functions.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2212" ->14.8. The CUPS Filter Chains</A -></H1 -><P ->The following diagrams reveal how CUPS handles print jobs.</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# CUPS in and of itself has this (general) filter chain (CAPITAL -# letters are FILE-FORMATS or MIME types, other are filters (this is -# true for pre-1.1.15 of pre-4.3 versions of CUPS and ESP PrintPro): -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstoraster # as shipped with CUPS, independent from any Ghostscipt -# | # installation on the system -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here) -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# ESP PrintPro has some enhanced "rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->" filters as compared to -# CUPS, and also a somewhat improved "pstoraster" filter. -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -#########################################################################</PRE -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# This is how "cupsomatic" comes into play: -# ========================================= -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+ -# | | -# | V -# V cupsomatic -# pstoraster (constructs complicated -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") Ghostscript commandline -# | to let the file be -# V processed by a -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER "-sDEVICE=<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->s.th.</VAR ->" -# | call...) -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> V -# | (= "raster driver") +-------------------------+ -# | | Ghostscript at work.... | -# V | | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC *-------------------------+ -# | | -# | | -# V | -# backend >------------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# THE PRINTER -# -# -# Note, that cupsomatic "kidnaps" the printfile after the -# "APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRPT" stage and deviates it through -# the CUPS-external, systemwide Ghostscript installation, bypassing the -# "pstoraster" filter (therefor also bypassing the CUPS-raster-drivers -# "rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->", and hands the rasterized file directly to the CUPS -# backend... -# -# cupsomatic is not made by the CUPS developers. It is an independent -# contribution to printing development, made by people from -# Linuxprinting.org. (see also http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html) -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -#########################################################################</PRE -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for ESP PrintPro from 4.3: -# =================================================== -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# gsrip -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here) -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -#########################################################################</PRE -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# This is how "cupsomatic" would come into play with ESP PrintPro: -# ================================================================ -# -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+ -# | | -# | V -# V cupsomatic -# gsrip (constructs complicated -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") Ghostscript commandline -# | to let the file be -# V processed by a -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER "-sDEVICE=<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->s.th.</VAR ->" -# | call...) -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> V -# | (= "raster driver") +-------------------------+ -# | | Ghostscript at work.... | -# V | | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC *-------------------------+ -# | | -# | | -# V | -# backend >------------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# THE PRINTER -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -#########################################################################</PRE -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15: -# ============================================== -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+ -# | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | Ghostscript | -# | at work... | -# | (with | -# | "-sDEVICE=cups") | -# | | -# | (= "postscipt interpreter") | -# | | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | -# | -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER >-------+ -# | -# | -# V -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> -# | (= "raster driver") -# | -# V -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# NOTE: since version 1.1.15 CUPS "outsourced" the pstoraster process to -# Ghostscript. GNU Ghostscript needs to be patched to handle the -# CUPS requirement; ESP Ghostscript has this builtin. In any case, -# "gs -h" needs to show up a "cups" device. pstoraster is now a -# calling an appropriate "gs -sDEVICE=cups..." commandline to do -# the job. It will output "application/vnd.cup-raster", which will -# be finally processed by a CUPS raster driver "rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->" -# Note the difference to "cupsomatic", which will *not* output -# CUPS-raster, but a final version of the printfile, ready to be -# sent to the printer. cupsomatic also doesn't use the "cups" -# devicemode in Ghostscript, but one of the classical devicemodes.... -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -#########################################################################</PRE -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->######################################################################### -# -# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15, with cupsomatic included: -# ======================================================================== -# -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->SOMETHNG</VAR ->-FILEFORMAT -# | -# | -# V -# <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->tops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT -# | -# | -# V -# pstops -# | -# | -# V -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+ -# | -# +------------------v------------------------------+ -# | Ghostscript . Ghostscript at work.... | -# | at work... . (with "-sDEVICE= | -# | (with . <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->s.th.</VAR ->" | -# | "-sDEVICE=cups") . | -# | . | -# | (CUPS standard) . (cupsomatic) | -# | . | -# | (= "postscript interpreter") | -# | . | -# +------------------v--------------v---------------+ -# | | -# | | -# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER >-------+ | -# | | -# | | -# V | -# rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> | -# | (= "raster driver") | -# | | -# V | -# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC >------------------------+ -# | -# | -# V -# backend -# -# -# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to -# CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR -> is noted. -# -##########################################################################</PRE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2251" ->14.9. CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</A -></H1 -><P ->CUPS ships with good support for HP LaserJet type printers. You can install -the driver as follows: - -<P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd - </P -></LI -></UL -> - -(The "-m" switch will retrieve the "laserjet.ppd" from the standard repository -for not-yet-installed-PPDs, which CUPS typically stores in -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/share/cups/model</TT ->. Alternatively, you may use -"-P /absolute/filesystem/path/to/where/there/is/PPD/your.ppd").</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN2258" ->14.9.1. Further printing steps</A -></H2 -><P ->Always also consult the database on linuxprinting.org for all recommendations -about which driver is best used for each printer:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi</A -></P -><P ->There select your model and click on "Show". You'll arrive at a page listing -all drivers working with your model. There will always be *one* -<SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->recommended</I -></SPAN -> one. Try this one first. In your case -("HP LaserJet 4 Plus"), you'll arrive here:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104</A -></P -><P ->The recommended driver is "ljet4". It has a link to the page for the ljet4 -driver too:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4</A -></P -><P ->On the driver's page, you'll find important and detailed info about how to use -that driver within the various available spoolers. You can generate a PPD for -CUPS. The PPD contains all the info about how to use your model and the driver; -this is, once installed, working transparently for the user -- you'll only -need to choose resolution, paper size etc. from the web-based menu or from -the print dialog GUI or from the commandline...</P -><P ->On the driver's page, choose to use the "PPD-O-Matic" online PPD generator -program. Select your model and click "Generate PPD file". When you safe the -appearing ASCII text file, don't use "cut'n'past" (as it could possiblly corrupt -line endings and tabs), but use "Save as..." in your browser's menu. Save it -at "/some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"</P -><P ->Then install the printer:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E \ - -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"</PRE -></P -><P ->Note, that for all the "Foomatic-PPDs" from Linuxprinting.org, you also need -a special "CUPS filter" named "cupsomatic". Get the latest version of -"cupsomatic" from:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic</A -></P -><P ->This needs to be copied to <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/lib/cups/filter/cupsomatic</TT -> -and be made world executable. This filter is needed to read and act upon the -specially encoded Foomatic comments, embedded in the printfile, which in turn -are used to construct (transparently for you, the user) the complicated -ghostscript command line needed for your printer/driver combo.</P -><P ->You can have a look at all the options for the Ghostscript commandline supported -by your printer and the ljet4 driver by going to the section "Execution details", -selecting your model (Laserjet 4 Plus) and clicking on "Show execution details". -This will bring up this web page:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=75104&.submit=Show+execution+details" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&printer=75104&.submit=Show+execution+details</A -></P -><P ->The ingenious thing is that the database is kept current. If there -is a bug fix and an improvement somewhere in the database, you will -always get the most current and stable and feature-rich driver by following -the steps described above.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft is doing an excellent job here that too few -people are aware of. (So if you use it often, please send him a note showing -your appreciation).</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->The latest and greatest improvement now is support for "custom page sizes" -for all those printers which support it.</P -><P ->"cupsomatic" is documented here:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html</A -></P -><P ->More printing tutorial info may be found here:</P -><P -><A -HREF="http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/</A -></P -><P ->Note, that *all* the Foomatic drivers listed on Linuxprinting.org (now -approaching the "all-time high" number of 1.000 for the supported models) -are using a special filtering chain involving Ghostscript, as described -in this document.</P -><P ->Summary - You need:</P -><P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->A "foomatic+<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->something</VAR ->" PPD is not enough to print with CUPS (but it is *one* important component)</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->The "cupsomatic" filter script (Perl) in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/lib/cups/filters/</TT -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Perl to make cupsomatic run</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Ghostscript (because it is called and controlled by the PPD/cupsomatic combo in a way to fit your printermodel/driver combo.</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Ghostscript *must*, depending on the driver/model, contain support for a certain "device" (as shown by "gs -h")</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></P -><P ->In the case of the "hpijs" driver, you need a Ghostscript version, which -has "ijs" amongst its supported devices in "gs -h". In the case of -"hpijs+foomatic", a valid ghostscript commandline would be reading like this:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ijs \ - -sIjsServer=hpijs<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->PageSize</VAR -> -dDuplex=<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->Duplex</VAR -> <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->Model</VAR -> \ - -r<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->Resolution</VAR ->,PS:MediaPosition=<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->InputSlot</VAR -> -dIjsUseOutputFD \ - -sOutputFile=- -</PRE -></P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Note, that with CUPS and the "hpijs+foomatic" PPD (plus Perl and cupsomatic) -you don't need to remember this. You can choose the available print options -thru a GUI print command (like "glp" from ESP's commercially supported -PrintPro software, or KDE's "kprinter", or GNOME's "gtklp" or the independent -"xpp") or the CUPS web interface via human-readable drop-down selection -menus.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->If you use "ESP Ghostscript" (also under the GPL, provided by Easy Software -Products, the makers of CUPS, downloadable from -<A -HREF="http://www.cups.org/software.html" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.cups.org/software.html</A ->, -co-maintained by the developers of linuxprinting.org), you are guaranteed to -have in use the most uptodate, bug-fixed, enhanced and stable version of a Free -Ghostscript. It contains support for ~300 devices, whereas plain vanilla -GNU Ghostscript 7.05 only has ~200.</P -><P ->If you print only one CUPS test page, from the web interface and when you try to -print a windows test page, it acts like the job was never sent: - -<P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Can you print "standard" jobs from the CUPS machine?</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Are the jobs from Windows visible in the Web interface on CUPS (http://localhost:631/)?</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Most important:</I -></SPAN -> What kind of printer driver are you using on the Windows clients?</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -> - -You can try to get a more detailed debugging info by setting "LogLevel debug" in -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/cups/cupsd.conf</TT ->, re-start cupsd and investigate <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/var/log/cups/error_log</TT -> -for the whereabouts of your Windows-originating printjobs:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->what does the "auto-typing" line say? which is the "MIME type" CUPS thinks is arriving from the Windows clients?</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->are there "filter" available for this MIME type?</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->are there "filter rules" defined in "/etc/cups/mime.convs" for this MIME type?</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2328" ->14.10. Limiting the number of pages users can print</A -></H1 -><P ->The feature you want is dependent on the real print subsystem you're using. -Samba's part is always to receive the job files from the clients (filtered -*or* unfiltered) and hand it over to this printing subsystem.</P -><P ->Of course one could "hack" things with one's own scripts.</P -><P ->But there is CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). CUPS supports "quotas". -Quotas can be based on sizes of jobs or on the number of pages or both, -and are spanning any time period you want.</P -><P ->This is an example command how root would set a print quota in CUPS, -assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter":</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 \ - -o job-page-limit=100</PRE -><P ->This would limit every single user to print 100 pages or 1024 KB of -data (whichever comes first) within the last 604.800 seconds ( = 1 week).</P -><P ->For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS "pstops" filter, -otherwise it uses a "dummy" count of "1". Some printfiles don't pass it -(eg: image files) but then those are mostly 1 page jobs anyway. This also means, -proprietary drivers for the target printer running on the client computers and -CUPS/Samba then spooling these files as "raw" (i.e. leaving them untouched, not -filtering them), will be counted as "1-pagers" too!</P -><P ->You need to send PostScript from the clients (i.e. run a PostScript driver there) -for having the chance to get accounting done. If the printer is a non-PostScript model, -you need to let CUPS do the job to convert the file to a print-ready format for the -target printer. This will be working for currently ~1.000 different printer models, see</P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi</PRE -><P ->Before CUPS-1.1.16 your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript -Driver on the Windows clients. The output of this driver was not always -passed thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and therefor was -not counted correctly (the reason is that it often --- depending on the -"PPD" being used --- did write a "PJL"-header in front of the real -PostScript which made CUPS to skip the pstops and go directy to -the "pstoraster" stage).</P -><P ->From CUPS-1.1.16 onward you can use the "CUPS PostScript Driver -for Windows NT/2K/XP clients" (it is tagged in the download area of -http://www.cups.org/ as the "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz" package). -It is *not* working for Win9x/ME clients. But it:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->it guarantees to not write an PJL-header</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->it guarantees to still read and support all PJL-options named in the driver PPD with its own means</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->it guarantees the file going thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba server</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->it guarantees to page-count correctly the printfile</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->You can read more about the setup of this combination in the -manpage for "cupsaddsmb" (only present with CUPS installed, only -current with CUPS 1.1.16).</P -><P ->These are the items CUPS logs in the "page_log" for every single *page* of a job:</P -><P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Printer name</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->User name</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Job ID</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Time of printing</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->the page number</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->the number of copies</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->a billing info string (optional)</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></P -><P ->Here is an extract of my CUPS server's page_log file to illustrate -the format and included items:</P -><P -><SAMP -CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" -> infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 1 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 2 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 3 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 4 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 5 2 #marketing - infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 6 2 #marketing</SAMP -></P -><P ->This was Job ID "40", printed on "infotec_IS2027" by user "kurt", a 6-page job -printed in 2 copies and billed to "#marketing"...</P -><P ->What flaws or shortcomings are there?</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->the ones named above</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> CUPS really counts the job pages being *processsed in software* - (going thru the "RIP") rather than the physical sheets successfully - leaving the printing device -- if there is a jam while printing - the 5th sheet out of 1000 and the job is aborted by the printer, - the "page count" will still show the figure of 1000 for that job - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> all quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility to give the - boss a higher quota than the clerk) no support for groups - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> no means to read out the current balance or "used-up" number of current quota - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> a user having used up 99 sheets of 100 quota will still be able to send and print a 1.000 sheet job - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> a user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota doesn't get a meaningful - error message from CUPS other than "client-error-not-possible". - </TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->But this is the best system out there currently. And there are -huge improvements under development:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->page counting will go into the "backends" (these talk - directly to the printer and will increase the count in sync with the - actual printing process -- a jam at the 5th sheet will lead to a stop in the counting)</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->quotas will be handled more flexibly</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->probably there will be support for users to inquire their "accounts" in advance</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->probably there will be support for some other tools around this topic</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->Other than the current stage of the CUPS development, I don't -know any other ready-to-use tool which you could consider.</P -><P ->You can download the driver files from -<A -HREF="http://www.cups.org/software.html" -TARGET="_top" ->http://www.cups.org/software.html</A ->. -It is a separate package from the CUPS base software files, tagged as "CUPS 1.1.16 -Windows NT/2k/XP Printer Driver for SAMBA (tar.gz, 192k)". The filename to -download is "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz". Upon untar-/unzip-ping it will reveal -the files:</P -><P -> <SAMP -CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" -> cups-samba.install - cups-samba.license - cups-samba.readme - cups-samba.remove - cups-samba.ss - </SAMP -> - </P -><P ->These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The -*.install and *.remove files are simple shell script, which untars the -*.ss (which is nothing else than a tar-archive) and puts its contents -into <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/share/cups/drivers/</TT ->. Its contents are 3 files:</P -><P -> <SAMP -CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" -> cupsdrvr.dll - cupsui.dll - cups.hlp - </SAMP -> - </P -><DIV -CLASS="CAUTION" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="CAUTION" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/caution.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Caution"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Due to a bug one CUPS release puts the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->cups.hlp</TT -> -into <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/share/drivers/</TT -> instead of -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/share/cups/drivers/</TT ->. To work around this, copy/move -the file after running the "./cups-samba.install" script manually to the right place:</P -><P -> <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" -> cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/ - </KBD -> - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary-only, but free -no source code is provided (yet). The reason is this: it has -been developed with the help of the Microsoft Driver Developer Kit (DDK) -and compiled with Microsoft Visual Studio 6. It is not clear to the driver -developers if they are allowed to distribute the whole of the source code -as Free Software. However, they will likely release the "diff" in source -code under the GPL, so anybody with a license of Visual Studio and a DDK -will be able to compile for him/herself.</P -><P ->Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually moved the -"cups.hlp" file to "/usr/share/cups/drivers/"), the driver is ready to be -put into Samba's [print$] share (which often maps to "/etc/samba/drivers/" -and contains a subdir tree with WIN40 and W32X86 branches), by running -"cupsaddsmb" (see also "man cupsaddsmb" for CUPS 1.1.16). [Don't forget to -put root into the smbpasswd file by running "smbpasswd" should you run -this whole procedure for the first time.] Once the driver files are in the -[print$] share, they are ready to be downloaded and installed by the -Win NT/2k/XP clients.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd - still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously. - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from - previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory. - The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the - "newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers). - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the - Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation - of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail - at first. - </P -><P -> It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files - will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to - re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver - files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via - "Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click - onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A - new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select - the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button. - (This will only work if there is no single printer left which - uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers - using this driver in the "Printers" folder first.) - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver - to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one - by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO - Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer. - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->What are the benefits with the "CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP" -as compared to the Adobe drivers?</P -><P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> no hassle with the Adobe EULA - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> no hassle with the question "where do I get the ADOBE*.* driver files from?" - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the Adobe drivers (depending on the printer PPD associated with them) - often put a PJL header in front of the core PostScript part of the print - file (thus the file starts with "<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->1B</VAR ->%-12345X" or "<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->escape</VAR ->%-12345X" - instead of "%!PS"). This leads to the CUPS daemon autotyping the - arriving file as a print-ready file, not requiring a pass thru the - "pstops" filter (to speak more technical, it is not regarded as the - generic MIME type "application/postscript", but as the more special - MIME type "application/cups.vnd-postscript"), which therefore also - leads to the page accounting in "/var/log/cups/page_log" not receiving - the exact mumber of pages; instead the dummy page number of "1" is - logged in a standard setup) - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the Adobe driver has more options to "mis-configure" the PostScript - generated by it (like setting it inadvertedly to "Optimize for Speed", - instead of "Optimize for Portability", which could lead to CUPS being - unable to process it) - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows clients to the CUPS - server will be guaranteed to be auto-typed as generic MIME type - "application/postscript", thusly passing thru the CUPS "pstops" filter - and logging the correct number of pages in the page_log for accounting - and quota purposes - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the CUPS PostScript driver supports the sending of additional print - options by the Win NT/2k/XP clients, such as naming the CUPS standard - banner pages (or the custom ones, should they be installed at the time - of driver download), using the CUPS "page-label" option, setting a - job-priority and setting the scheduled time of printing (with the option - to support additional useful IPP job attributes in the future). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of the new - "*cupsJobTicket" comments at the beginnig of the PostScript file (which - could be used in the future for all sort of beneficial extensions on - the CUPS side, but which will not disturb any other application as those - will regard it as a comment and simply ignore it). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> the CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the fully fledged CUPS - IPP client for Windows NT/2k/XP to be released soon (probably alongside - the first Beta release for CUPS 1.2). - </P -></LI -></UL -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2424" ->14.11. Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</A -></H1 -><P ->Let the Windows Clients use a PostScript driver to deliver poistscript to -the samba print server (just like any Linux or Unix Client would also use -PostScript to send to the server)</P -><P ->Make the Unix printing subsystem to which Samba sends the job convert the -incoming PostScript files to the native print format of the target printers -(would be PCL if you have an HP printer)</P -><P ->Now if you are afraid that this would just mean using a *Generic* PostScript -driver for the clients that has no Simplex/Duplex selection, and no paper tray -choice, but you need them to be able to set up print jobs, with all the bells -and whistles of your printers:-</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Not possible with traditional spooling systems</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> But perfectly supported by CUPS (which uses "PPD" files to - describe how to control the print options for PostScript and - non-PostScript devices alike... - </TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->CUPS PPDs are working perfectly on Windows clients who use Adobe PostScript -drivers (or the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2K/XP). Clients can use -them to setup the job to their liking and CUPS will use the received job options -to make the (PCL-, ESC/P- or PostScript-) printer behave as required.</P -><P ->If you want to have the additional benefit of page count logging and accounting -then the CUPS PostScript driver is the best choice (better than the Adobe one).</P -><P ->If you want to make the drivers downloadable for the clients then "cupsaddsmb" is -your friend. It will setup the [print$] share on the Samba host to be ready to serve -the clients for a "point and print" driver installation.</P -><DIV -CLASS="WARNING" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="WARNING" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/warning.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Warning"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->What strings are attached?</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->There are some. But, given the sheer CPU power you can buy nowadays, -these can be overcome easily. The strings:</P -><P ->Well, if the CUPS/Samba side will have to print to many printers serving many users, -you probably will need to set up a second server (which can do automatic load balancing -with the first one, plus a degree of fail-over mechanism). Converting the incoming -PostScript jobs, "interpreting" them for non-PostScript printers, amounts to the work -of a "RIP" (Raster Image Processor) done in software. This requires more CPU and RAM -than for the mere "raw spooling" task your current setup is solving. It all depends -on the avarage and peak printing load the server should be able to handle.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2439" ->14.12. Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</A -></H1 -><P ->Samba print files pass thru two "spool" directories. One the incoming directory -managed by Samba, (set eg: in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->path = /var/spool/samba</B -> directive in the [printers] -section of <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->). Second is the spool directory of your UNIX print subsystem. -For CUPS it is normally "/var/spool/cups/", as set by the cupsd.conf directive -"RequestRoot /var/spool/cups".</P -><P ->I am not sure, which one of your directories keeps the files. From what you say, -it is most likely the Samba part.</P -><P ->For the CUPS part, you may want to consult:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobFiles</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobHistory</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->http://localhost:631/sam.html#MaxJobs</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->There are the settings described for your CUPS daemon, which could lead to completed -job files not being deleted.</P -><P ->"PreserveJobHistory Yes" -- keeps some details of jobs in -cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "c12345", "c12346" etc. files -in the CUPS spool directory, which do a similar job as the -old-fashioned BSD-LPD control files). This is set to "Yes" -as a default.</P -><P ->"PreserveJobFiles Yes" -- keeps the job files themselves in -cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "d12345", "d12346" etc. files -in the CUPS spool directory...). This is set to "No" as the -CUPS default.</P -><P ->"MaxJobs 500" -- this directive controls the maximum number -of jobs that are kept in memory. Once the number of jobs -reaches the limit, the oldest completed job is automatically -purged from the system to make room for the new one. If all -of the known jobs are still pending or active then the new -job will be rejected. Setting the maximum to 0 disables this -functionality. The default setting is 0.</P -><P ->(There are also additional settings for "MaxJobsPerUser" and -"MaxJobsPerPrinter"...)</P -><P ->For everything to work as announced, you need to have three things:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD -> a Samba-<SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbd</SPAN -> which is compiled against "libcups" (Check on Linux by running <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->ldd `which smbd`</KBD ->) - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> a Samba-<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> setting of <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printing = cups</B -> - </TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -> another Samba-<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> setting of <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->printcap = cups</B -> - </TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Note, that in this case all other manually set printing-related -commands (like "print command", "lpq command", "lprm command", -"lppause command" or "lpresume command") are ignored and they -should normally have no influence what-so-ever on your printing.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->If you want to do things manually, replace the "printing = cups" -by "printing = bsd". Then your manually set commands may work -(haven't tested this), and a "print command = lp -d %P %s; rm %s" -may do what you need.</P -><P ->You forgot to mention the CUPS version you're using. If you did -set things up as described in the man pages, then the Samba -spool files should be deleted. Otherwise it may be a bug. On -the CUPS side, you can control the behaviour as described -above.</P -><P ->If you have more problems, post the output of these commands:</P -><P -><KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" -> grep -v ^# /etc/cups/cupsd.conf | grep -v ^$ - grep -v ^# /etc/samba/smb.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "^;"</KBD -></P -><P ->(adapt paths as needed). These commands sanitize the files -and cut out the empty lines and lines with comments, providing -the "naked settings" in a compact way.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="printing.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="winbind.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Printing Support</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/cvs-access.html b/docs/htmldocs/cvs-access.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..73cd333805 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/cvs-access.html @@ -0,0 +1,298 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory" +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Group mapping HOWTO" +HREF="groupmapping.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="CVS-ACCESS">Chapter 20. HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2964">20.1. Introduction</H1 +><P +>Samba is developed in an open environment. Developers use CVS +(Concurrent Versioning System) to "checkin" (also known as +"commit") new source code. Samba's various CVS branches can +be accessed via anonymous CVS using the instructions +detailed in this chapter.</P +><P +>This document is a modified version of the instructions found at +<A +HREF="http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/samba/cvs.html</A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2969">20.2. CVS Access to samba.org</H1 +><P +>The machine samba.org runs a publicly accessible CVS +repository for access to the source code of several packages, +including samba, rsync and jitterbug. There are two main ways of +accessing the CVS server on this host.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2972">20.2.1. Access via CVSweb</H2 +><P +>You can access the source code via your +favourite WWW browser. This allows you to access the contents of +individual files in the repository and also to look at the revision +history and commit logs of individual files. You can also ask for a diff +listing between any two versions on the repository.</P +><P +>Use the URL : <A +HREF="http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb</A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2977">20.2.2. Access via cvs</H2 +><P +>You can also access the source code via a +normal cvs client. This gives you much more control over you can +do with the repository and allows you to checkout whole source trees +and keep them up to date via normal cvs commands. This is the +preferred method of access if you are a developer and not +just a casual browser.</P +><P +>To download the latest cvs source code, point your +browser at the URL : <A +HREF="http://www.cyclic.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.cyclic.com/</A +>. +and click on the 'How to get cvs' link. CVS is free software under +the GNU GPL (as is Samba). Note that there are several graphical CVS clients +which provide a graphical interface to the sometimes mundane CVS commands. +Links to theses clients are also available from http://www.cyclic.com.</P +><P +>To gain access via anonymous cvs use the following steps. +For this example it is assumed that you want a copy of the +samba source code. For the other source code repositories +on this system just substitute the correct package name</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> Install a recent copy of cvs. All you really need is a + copy of the cvs client binary. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Run the command + </P +><P +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot login</B +> + </P +><P +> When it asks you for a password type <TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>cvs</B +></TT +>. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Run the command + </P +><P +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot co samba</B +> + </P +><P +> This will create a directory called samba containing the + latest samba source code (i.e. the HEAD tagged cvs branch). This + currently corresponds to the 3.0 development tree. + </P +><P +> CVS branches other HEAD can be obtained by using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-r</I +></TT +> + and defining a tag name. A list of branch tag names can be found on the + "Development" page of the samba web site. A common request is to obtain the + latest 2.2 release code. This could be done by using the following command. + </P +><P +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cvs -d :pserver:cvs@samba.org:/cvsroot co -r SAMBA_2_2 samba</B +> + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Whenever you want to merge in the latest code changes use + the following command from within the samba directory: + </P +><P +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cvs update -d -P</B +> + </P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Group mapping HOWTO</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html b/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html index 35c0ea11ac..a7b2e59436 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/diagnosis.html @@ -1,303 +1,627 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 27. The samba checklist</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part IV. Troubleshooting"><link rel="previous" href="troubleshooting.html" title="Part IV. Troubleshooting"><link rel="next" href="problems.html" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 27. The samba checklist</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. Troubleshooting</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="diagnosis"></a>Chapter 27. The samba checklist</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">Wed Jan 15</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2901594">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2901628">Assumptions</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2902640">The tests</a></dt><dt><a href="diagnosis.html#id2903749">Still having troubles?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2901594"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p> -This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Diagnosing your samba server</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Appendixes" +HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Reporting Bugs" +HREF="bugreport.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="bugreport.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +> </TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="DIAGNOSIS">Chapter 26. Diagnosing your samba server</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3378">26.1. Introduction</H1 +><P +>This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your Samba server. It also tells you what the likely cause of the problem is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests -then it is probably working fine. -</p><p> -You should do ALL the tests, in the order shown. We have tried to +then it is probably working fine.</P +><P +>You should do ALL the tests, in the order shown. We have tried to carefully choose them so later tests only use capabilities verified in -the earlier tests. However, do not stop at the first error as there -have been some instances when continuing with the tests has helped -to solve a problem. -</p><p> -If you send one of the samba mailing lists an email saying "it doesn't work" +the earlier tests.</P +><P +>If you send one of the samba mailing lists an email saying "it doesn't work" and you have not followed this test procedure then you should not be surprised -if your email is ignored. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2901628"></a>Assumptions</h2></div></div><p> -In all of the tests it is assumed you have a Samba server called -BIGSERVER and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP. -</p><p> -The procedure is similar for other types of clients. -</p><p> -It is also assumed you know the name of an available share in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>. I will assume this share is called <i><tt>tmp</tt></i>. -You can add a <i><tt>tmp</tt></i> share like this by adding the -following to <tt>smb.conf</tt>: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - -[tmp] +your email is ignored.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3383">26.2. Assumptions</H1 +><P +>In all of the tests it is assumed you have a Samba server called +BIGSERVER and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP.</P +><P +>The procedure is similar for other types of clients.</P +><P +>It is also assumed you know the name of an available share in your +smb.conf. I will assume this share is called "tmp". You can add a +"tmp" share like by adding the following to smb.conf:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [tmp] comment = temporary files path = /tmp - read only = yes - -</pre><p> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -These tests assume version 3.0 or later of the samba suite. -Some commands shown did not exist in earlier versions. -</p></div><p> -Please pay attention to the error messages you receive. If any error message -reports that your server is being unfriendly you should first check that your -IP name resolution is correctly set up. eg: Make sure your <tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt> -file points to name servers that really do exist. -</p><p> -Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check -that the settings for your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file results in <b>dns proxy = no</b>. The -best way to check this is with <b><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. -</p><p> -It is helpful to monitor the log files during testing by using the -<b>tail -F <i><tt>log_file_name</tt></i></b> in a separate -terminal console (use ctrl-alt-F1 through F6 or multiple terminals in X). -Relevant log files can be found (for default installations) in -<tt>/usr/local/samba/var</tt>. Also, connection logs from -machines can be found here or possibly in <tt>/var/log/samba</tt> -depending on how or if you specified logging in your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. -</p><p> -If you make changes to your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file while going through these test, -don't forget to restart smbd and nmbd. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2902640"></a>The tests</h2></div></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 27.1. Diagnosing your samba server</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p> -In the directory in which you store your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file, run the command -<b><tt>testparm smb.conf</tt></b>. If it reports any errors then your <tt>smb.conf</tt> -configuration file is faulty. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Your <tt>smb.conf</tt> file may be located in: <tt>/etc/samba</tt> -Or in: <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib</tt> -</p></div></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>ping BIGSERVER</tt></b> from the PC and -<b><tt>ping ACLIENT</tt></b> from + read only = yes </PRE +></P +><P +>THESE TESTS ASSUME VERSION 3.0.0 OR LATER OF THE SAMBA SUITE. SOME +COMMANDS SHOWN DID NOT EXIST IN EARLIER VERSIONS</P +><P +>Please pay attention to the error messages you receive. If any error message +reports that your server is being unfriendly you should first check that you +IP name resolution is correctly set up. eg: Make sure your /etc/resolv.conf +file points to name servers that really do exist.</P +><P +>Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check +that the settings for your smb.conf file results in "dns proxy = no". The +best way to check this is with "testparm smb.conf"</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3393">26.3. Tests</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3395">26.3.1. Test 1</H2 +><P +>In the directory in which you store your smb.conf file, run the command +"testparm smb.conf". If it reports any errors then your smb.conf +configuration file is faulty.</P +><P +>Note: Your smb.conf file may be located in: <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/samba</TT +> + Or in: <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib</TT +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3401">26.3.2. Test 2</H2 +><P +>Run the command "ping BIGSERVER" from the PC and "ping ACLIENT" from the unix box. If you don't get a valid response then your TCP/IP -software is not correctly installed. -</p><p> -Note that you will need to start a "dos prompt" window on the PC to -run ping. -</p><p> -If you get a message saying "host not found" or similar then your DNS -software or <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file is not correctly setup. -It is possible to +software is not correctly installed. </P +><P +>Note that you will need to start a "dos prompt" window on the PC to +run ping.</P +><P +>If you get a message saying "host not found" or similar then your DNS +software or /etc/hosts file is not correctly setup. It is possible to run samba without DNS entries for the server and client, but I assume -you do have correct entries for the remainder of these tests. -</p><p> -Another reason why ping might fail is if your host is running firewall +you do have correct entries for the remainder of these tests. </P +><P +>Another reason why ping might fail is if your host is running firewall software. You will need to relax the rules to let in the workstation in question, perhaps by allowing access from another subnet (on Linux -this is done via the ipfwadm program.) -</p><p> -Note: Modern Linux distributions install ipchains/iptables by default. -This is a common problem that is often overlooked. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>smbclient -L BIGSERVER</tt></b> on the unix box. You -should get a list of available shares back. -</p><p> -If you get a error message containing the string "Bad password" then -you probably have either an incorrect <b>hosts allow</b>, -<b>hosts deny</b> or <b>valid users</b> line in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt>, or your guest account is not -valid. Check what your guest account is using testparm and -temporarily remove any <b>hosts allow</b>, <b>hosts deny</b>, <b>valid users</b> or <b>invalid users</b> lines. -</p><p> -If you get a "connection refused" response then the smbd server may +this is done via the ipfwadm program.)</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3407">26.3.3. Test 3</H2 +><P +>Run the command "smbclient -L BIGSERVER" on the unix box. You +should get a list of available shares back. </P +><P +>If you get a error message containing the string "Bad password" then +you probably have either an incorrect "hosts allow", "hosts deny" or +"valid users" line in your smb.conf, or your guest account is not +valid. Check what your guest account is using "testparm" and +temporarily remove any "hosts allow", "hosts deny", "valid users" or +"invalid users" lines.</P +><P +>If you get a "connection refused" response then the smbd server may not be running. If you installed it in inetd.conf then you probably edited that file incorrectly. If you installed it as a daemon then check that it is running, and check that the netbios-ssn port is in a LISTEN -state using <b><tt>netstat -a</tt></b>. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Some Unix / Linux systems use <b>xinetd</b> in place of -<b>inetd</b>. Check your system documentation for the location -of the control file/s for your particular system implementation of -this network super daemon. -</p></div><p> -If you get a "session request failed" then the server refused the -connection. If it says "Your server software is being unfriendly" then +state using "netstat -a".</P +><P +>If you get a "session request failed" then the server refused the +connection. If it says "Your server software is being unfriendly" then its probably because you have invalid command line parameters to smbd, or a similar fatal problem with the initial startup of smbd. Also -check your config file (<tt>smb.conf</tt>) for syntax errors with testparm +check your config file (smb.conf) for syntax errors with "testparm" and that the various directories where samba keeps its log and lock -files exist. -</p><p> -There are a number of reasons for which smbd may refuse or decline +files exist.</P +><P +>There are a number of reasons for which smbd may refuse or decline a session request. The most common of these involve one or more of -the following <tt>smb.conf</tt> file entries: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - hosts deny = ALL +the following smb.conf file entries:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> hosts deny = ALL hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy - bind interfaces only = Yes -</pre><p> -In the above, no allowance has been made for any session requests that + bind interfaces only = Yes</PRE +></P +><P +>In the above, no allowance has been made for any session requests that will automatically translate to the loopback adaptor address 127.0.0.1. -To solve this problem change these lines to: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - hosts deny = ALL - hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127. -</pre><p> -Do NOT use the <b>bind interfaces only</b> parameter where you -may wish to +To solve this problem change these lines to:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> hosts deny = ALL + hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127.</PRE +></P +><P +>Do NOT use the "bind interfaces only" parameter where you may wish to use the samba password change facility, or where smbclient may need to -access a local service for name resolution or for local resource -connections. (Note: the <b>bind interfaces only</b> parameter deficiency +access local service for name resolution or for local resource +connections. (Note: the "bind interfaces only" parameter deficiency where it will not allow connections to the loopback address will be -fixed soon). -</p><p> -Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running +fixed soon).</P +><P +>Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running on port 139, such as Samba (ie: smbd is running from inetd already) or -something like Digital's Pathworks. Check your <tt>inetd.conf</tt> file before trying -to start smbd as a daemon, it can avoid a lot of frustration! -</p><p> -And yet another possible cause for failure of this test is when the subnet mask +something like Digital's Pathworks. Check your inetd.conf file before trying +to start smbd as a daemon, it can avoid a lot of frustration!</P +><P +>And yet another possible cause for failure of TEST 3 is when the subnet mask and / or broadcast address settings are incorrect. Please check that the network interface IP Address / Broadcast Address / Subnet Mask settings are -correct and that Samba has correctly noted these in the <tt>log.nmb</tt> file. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__</tt></b>. You should get the -IP address of your Samba server back. -</p><p> -If you don't then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your <tt>inetd.conf</tt> +correct and that Samba has correctly noted these in the log.nmb file.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3422">26.3.4. Test 4</H2 +><P +>Run the command "nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__". You should get the +IP address of your Samba server back.</P +><P +>If you don't then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your inetd.conf if you run it from there, or that the daemon is running and listening -to udp port 137. -</p><p> -One common problem is that many inetd implementations can't take many +to udp port 137.</P +><P +>One common problem is that many inetd implementations can't take many parameters on the command line. If this is the case then create a one-line script that contains the right parameters and run that from -inetd. -</p></li><li><p>run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -B ACLIENT '*'</tt></b></p><p> -You should get the PCs IP address back. If you don't then the client +inetd.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3427">26.3.5. Test 5</H2 +><P +>run the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup -B ACLIENT '*'</B +></P +><P +>You should get the PCs IP address back. If you don't then the client software on the PC isn't installed correctly, or isn't started, or you -got the name of the PC wrong. -</p><p> -If ACLIENT doesn't resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the -client in the above test. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -d 2 '*'</tt></b> -</p><p> -This time we are trying the same as the previous test but are trying +got the name of the PC wrong. </P +><P +>If ACLIENT doesn't resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the +client in the above test.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3433">26.3.6. Test 6</H2 +><P +>Run the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup -d 2 '*'</B +></P +><P +>This time we are trying the same as the previous test but are trying it via a broadcast to the default broadcast address. A number of Netbios/TCPIP hosts on the network should respond, although Samba may not catch all of the responses in the short time it listens. You -should see "got a positive name query response" messages from several -hosts. -</p><p> -If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then +should see "got a positive name query response" messages from several +hosts.</P +><P +>If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then nmblookup isn't correctly getting your broadcast address through its -automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment with the -<b>interfaces</b> option in <tt>smb.conf</tt> to manually configure your IP -address, broadcast and netmask. -</p><p> -If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to -use the <i><tt>-B</tt></i> option to set the broadcast address to that of the PCs -subnet. -</p><p> -This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are -not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above). -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</tt></b>. You should +automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment use the +"interfaces" option in smb.conf to manually configure your IP +address, broadcast and netmask. </P +><P +>If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to +use the -B option to set the broadcast address to the that of the PCs +subnet.</P +><P +>This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are +not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3441">26.3.7. Test 7</H2 +><P +>Run the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP</B +>. You should then be prompted for a password. You should use the password of the account you are logged into the unix box with. If you want to test with -another account then add the <i><tt>-U <i><tt>accountname</tt></i></tt></i> option to the end of +another account then add the -U >accountname< option to the end of the command line. eg: -<b><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe</tt></b> -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -It is possible to specify the password along with the username +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe</B +></P +><P +>Note: It is possible to specify the password along with the username as follows: -<b><tt>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret</tt></b> -</p></div><p> -Once you enter the password you should get the <tt>smb></tt> prompt. If you -don't then look at the error message. If it says "invalid network -name" then the service "tmp" is not correctly setup in your <tt>smb.conf</tt>. -</p><p> -If it says "bad password" then the likely causes are: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - you have shadow passords (or some other password system) but didn't +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret</B +></P +><P +>Once you enter the password you should get the "smb>" prompt. If you +don't then look at the error message. If it says "invalid network +name" then the service "tmp" is not correctly setup in your smb.conf.</P +><P +>If it says "bad password" then the likely causes are:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> you have shadow passords (or some other password system) but didn't compile in support for them in smbd - </p></li><li><p> - your <b>valid users</b> configuration is incorrect - </p></li><li><p> - you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the <b>password - level</b> option at a high enough level - </p></li><li><p> - the <b>path =</b> line in <tt>smb.conf</tt> is incorrect. Check it with testparm - </p></li><li><p> - you enabled password encryption but didn't create the SMB encrypted + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> your "valid users" configuration is incorrect + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the "password + level" option at a high enough level + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> the "path =" line in smb.conf is incorrect. Check it with testparm + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> you enabled password encryption but didn't create the SMB encrypted password file - </p></li></ol></div><p> -Once connected you should be able to use the commands -<b>dir</b> <b>get</b> <b>put</b> etc. -Type <b>help <i><tt>command</tt></i></b> for instructions. You should + </P +></LI +></OL +><P +>Once connected you should be able to use the commands +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dir</B +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>get</B +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>put</B +> etc. +Type <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>help >command<</B +> for instructions. You should especially check that the amount of free disk space shown is correct -when you type <b>dir</b>. -</p></li><li><p> -On the PC, type the command <b><tt>net view \\BIGSERVER</tt></b>. You will -need to do this from within a "dos prompt" window. You should get back a -list of available shares on the server. -</p><p> -If you get a "network name not found" or similar error then netbios +when you type <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dir</B +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3467">26.3.8. Test 8</H2 +><P +>On the PC type the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net view \\BIGSERVER</B +>. You will +need to do this from within a "dos prompt" window. You should get back a +list of available shares on the server.</P +><P +>If you get a "network name not found" or similar error then netbios name resolution is not working. This is usually caused by a problem in nmbd. To overcome it you could do one of the following (you only need -to choose one of them): -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - fixup the nmbd installation -</p></li><li><p> - add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the <b>wins server</b> box in the - advanced tcp/ip setup on the PC. -</p></li><li><p> - enable windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of - the tcp/ip setup -</p></li><li><p> - add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC. -</p></li></ol></div><p> -If you get a "invalid network name" or "bad password error" then the -same fixes apply as they did for the <b><tt>smbclient -L</tt></b> test above. In -particular, make sure your <b>hosts allow</b> line is correct (see the man -pages) -</p><p> -Also, do not overlook that fact that when the workstation requests the +to choose one of them):</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> fixup the nmbd installation</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the "wins server" box in the + advanced tcp/ip setup on the PC.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> enable windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of + the tcp/ip setup</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC.</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>If you get a "invalid network name" or "bad password error" then the +same fixes apply as they did for the "smbclient -L" test above. In +particular, make sure your "hosts allow" line is correct (see the man +pages)</P +><P +>Also, do not overlook that fact that when the workstation requests the connection to the samba server it will attempt to connect using the name with which you logged onto your Windows machine. You need to make sure that an account exists on your Samba server with that exact same -name and password. -</p><p> -If you get "specified computer is not receiving requests" or similar +name and password.</P +><P +>If you get "specified computer is not receiving requests" or similar it probably means that the host is not contactable via tcp services. Check to see if the host is running tcp wrappers, and if so add an entry in -the <tt>hosts.allow</tt> file for your client (or subnet, etc.) -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP</tt></b>. You should -be prompted for a password then you should get a "command completed -successfully" message. If not then your PC software is incorrectly -installed or your smb.conf is incorrect. make sure your <b>hosts allow</b> -and other config lines in <tt>smb.conf</tt> are correct. -</p><p> -It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to -connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line <b>user = -<i><tt>username</tt></i></b> to the <b>[tmp]</b> section of -<tt>smb.conf</tt> where <i><tt>username</tt></i> is the +the hosts.allow file for your client (or subnet, etc.)</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3484">26.3.9. Test 9</H2 +><P +>Run the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP</B +>. You should +be prompted for a password then you should get a "command completed +successfully" message. If not then your PC software is incorrectly +installed or your smb.conf is incorrect. make sure your "hosts allow" +and other config lines in smb.conf are correct.</P +><P +>It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to +connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line "user = +USERNAME" to the [tmp] section of smb.conf where "USERNAME" is the username corresponding to the password you typed. If you find this -fixes things you may need the username mapping option. -</p><p> -It might also be the case that your client only sends encrypted passwords -and you have <b>encrypt passwords = no</b> in <tt>smb.conf</tt> -Turn it back on to fix. -</p></li><li><p> -Run the command <b><tt>nmblookup -M <i><tt>testgroup</tt></i></tt></b> where -<i><tt>testgroup</tt></i> is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and +fixes things you may need the username mapping option. </P +><P +>It might also be the case that your client only sends encrypted passwords +and you have <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>encrypt passwords = no</B +> in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. +Turn it back on to fix.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3492">26.3.10. Test 10</H2 +><P +>Run the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup -M TESTGROUP</B +> where +TESTGROUP is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and Windows PCs belong to. You should get back the IP address of the -master browser for that workgroup. -</p><p> -If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to +master browser for that workgroup.</P +><P +>If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to see if it is just being slow then try again. If it still fails after -that then look at the browsing options you have set in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. Make -sure you have <b>preferred master = yes</b> to ensure that -an election is held at startup. -</p></li><li><p> ->From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should +that then look at the browsing options you have set in smb.conf. Make +sure you have <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preferred master = yes</B +> to ensure that +an election is held at startup.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN3498">26.3.11. Test 11</H2 +><P +>From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should appear in the browse list of your local workgroup (or the one you specified in smb.conf). You should be able to double click on the name -of the server and get a list of shares. If you get a "invalid -password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it +of the server and get a list of shares. If you get a "invalid +password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it is refusing to browse a server that has no encrypted password capability and is in user level security mode. In this case either set -<b>security = server</b> AND -<b>password server = Windows_NT_Machine</b> in your -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file, or make sure <b>encrypted passwords</b> is -set to "yes". -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2903749"></a>Still having troubles?</h2></div></div><p>Read the chapter on -<a href="problems.html" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and Solving Problems</a>. -</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="troubleshooting.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="troubleshooting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="problems.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Part IV. Troubleshooting </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = server</B +> AND +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password server = Windows_NT_Machine</B +> in your +smb.conf file, or enable encrypted passwords AFTER compiling in support +for encrypted passwords (refer to the Makefile).</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3503">26.4. Still having troubles?</H1 +><P +>Try the mailing list or newsgroup, or use the ethereal utility to +sniff the problem. The official samba mailing list can be reached at +<A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>samba@samba.org</A +>. To find +out more about samba and how to subscribe to the mailing list check +out the samba web page at +<A +HREF="http://samba.org/samba" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/samba</A +></P +><P +>Also look at the other docs in the Samba package!</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="bugreport.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Reporting Bugs</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="appendixes.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/domain-security.html b/docs/htmldocs/domain-security.html index ddbc4624b8..670d96ba5f 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/domain-security.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/domain-security.html @@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ <HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE ->Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</TITLE +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK @@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Samba as a ADS domain member" HREF="ads.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" +TITLE="Optional configuration" HREF="optional.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" @@ -72,58 +73,157 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="DOMAIN-SECURITY" -></A ->Chapter 9. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</H1 +NAME="DOMAIN-SECURITY">Chapter 9. Samba as a NT4 domain member</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN1439" ->9.1. Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1273">9.1. Joining an NT Domain with Samba 2.2</H1 ><P ->Assume you have a Samba 3.0 server with a NetBIOS name of - <CODE +>Assume you have a Samba 2.x server with a NetBIOS name of + <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" ->SERV1</CODE -> and are joining an or Win2k NT domain called - <CODE +>SERV1</TT +> and are joining an NT domain called + <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" ->DOM</CODE +>DOM</TT >, which has a PDC with a NetBIOS name - of <CODE + of <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" ->DOMPDC</CODE +>DOMPDC</TT > and two backup domain controllers - with NetBIOS names <CODE + with NetBIOS names <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" ->DOMBDC1</CODE -> and <CODE +>DOMBDC1</TT +> and <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" >DOMBDC2 - </CODE + </TT >.</P ><P ->Firstly, you must edit your <TT +>In order to join the domain, first stop all Samba daemons + and run the command:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbpasswd -j DOM -r DOMPDC + -U<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>Administrator%password</I +></TT +></B +></TT +></P +><P +>as we are joining the domain DOM and the PDC for that domain + (the only machine that has write access to the domain SAM database) + is DOMPDC. The <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>Administrator%password</I +></TT +> is + the login name and password for an account which has the necessary + privilege to add machines to the domain. If this is successful + you will see the message:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +>smbpasswd: Joined domain DOM.</TT +> + </P +><P +>in your terminal window. See the <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbpasswd(8)</A +> man page for more details.</P +><P +>There is existing development code to join a domain + without having to create the machine trust account on the PDC + beforehand. This code will hopefully be available soon + in release branches as well.</P +><P +>This command goes through the machine account password + change protocol, then writes the new (random) machine account + password for this Samba server into a file in the same directory + in which an smbpasswd file would be stored - normally :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/private</TT +></P +><P +>In Samba 2.0.x, the filename looks like this:</P +><P +><TT CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file to tell Samba it should - now use domain security.</P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +><NT DOMAIN NAME></I +></TT +>.<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +><Samba + Server Name></I +></TT +>.mac</TT +></P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.mac</TT +> suffix stands for machine account + password file. So in our example above, the file would be called:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>DOM.SERV1.mac</TT +></P +><P +>In Samba 2.2, this file has been replaced with a TDB + (Trivial Database) file named <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>secrets.tdb</TT +>. + </P +><P +>This file is created and owned by root and is not + readable by any other user. It is the key to the domain-level + security for your system, and should be treated as carefully + as a shadow password file.</P +><P +>Now, before restarting the Samba daemons you must + edit your <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> + </A +> file to tell Samba it should now use domain security.</P ><P >Change (or add) your <A HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITY" TARGET="_top" -> <VAR +> <TT CLASS="PARAMETER" ->security =</VAR +><I +>security =</I +></TT ></A > line in the [global] section - of your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to read:</P + of your smb.conf to read:</P ><P ><B CLASS="COMMAND" @@ -133,9 +233,11 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" >Next change the <A HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP" TARGET="_top" -><VAR +><TT CLASS="PARAMETER" -> workgroup =</VAR +><I +> workgroup =</I +></TT ></A > line in the [global] section to read: </P ><P @@ -149,22 +251,26 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" >You must also have the parameter <A HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" TARGET="_top" -> <VAR +> <TT CLASS="PARAMETER" ->encrypt passwords</VAR +><I +>encrypt passwords</I +></TT ></A -> set to <CODE +> set to <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" >yes - </CODE + </TT > in order for your users to authenticate to the NT PDC.</P ><P >Finally, add (or modify) a <A HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDSERVER" TARGET="_top" -> <VAR +> <TT CLASS="PARAMETER" ->password server =</VAR +><I +>password server =</I +></TT ></A > line in the [global] section to read: </P @@ -189,89 +295,50 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" >password server = *</B ></P ><P ->This method, allows Samba to use exactly the same - mechanism that NT does. This +>This method, which was introduced in Samba 2.0.6, + allows Samba to use exactly the same mechanism that NT does. This method either broadcasts or uses a WINS database in order to find domain controllers to authenticate against.</P ><P ->In order to actually join the domain, you must run this - command:</P -><P -><SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->root# </SAMP -><KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net rpc join -S DOMPDC - -U<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->Administrator%password</VAR -></KBD -></P -><P ->as we are joining the domain DOM and the PDC for that domain - (the only machine that has write access to the domain SAM database) - is DOMPDC. The <VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->Administrator%password</VAR -> is - the login name and password for an account which has the necessary - privilege to add machines to the domain. If this is successful - you will see the message:</P -><P -><SAMP -CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" ->Joined domain DOM.</SAMP -> - or <SAMP -CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" ->Joined 'SERV1' to realm 'MYREALM'</SAMP -> - </P -><P ->in your terminal window. See the <A -HREF="net.8.html" -TARGET="_top" -> net(8)</A -> man page for more details.</P -><P ->This process joins the server to thedomain - without having to create the machine trust account on the PDC - beforehand.</P -><P ->This command goes through the machine account password - change protocol, then writes the new (random) machine account - password for this Samba server into a file in the same directory - in which an smbpasswd file would be stored - normally :</P +>Finally, restart your Samba daemons and get ready for + clients to begin using domain security!</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1337">9.2. Samba and Windows 2000 Domains</H1 ><P -><TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/usr/local/samba/private/secrets.tdb</TT -></P +>Many people have asked regarding the state of Samba's ability to participate in +a Windows 2000 Domain. Samba 3.0 is able to act as a member server of a Windows +2000 domain operating in mixed or native mode.</P ><P ->This file is created and owned by root and is not - readable by any other user. It is the key to the domain-level - security for your system, and should be treated as carefully - as a shadow password file.</P +>There is much confusion between the circumstances that require a "mixed" mode +Win2k DC and a when this host can be switched to "native" mode. A "mixed" mode +Win2k domain controller is only needed if Windows NT BDCs must exist in the same +domain. By default, a Win2k DC in "native" mode will still support +NetBIOS and NTLMv1 for authentication of legacy clients such as Windows 9x and +NT 4.0. Samba has the same requirements as a Windows NT 4.0 member server.</P ><P ->Finally, restart your Samba daemons and get ready for - clients to begin using domain security!</P +>The steps for adding a Samba 2.2 host to a Win2k domain are the same as those +for adding a Samba server to a Windows NT 4.0 domain. The only exception is that +the "Server Manager" from NT 4 has been replaced by the "Active Directory Users and +Computers" MMC (Microsoft Management Console) plugin.</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN1493" ->9.2. Why is this better than security = server?</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN1342">9.3. Why is this better than security = server?</H1 ><P >Currently, domain security in Samba doesn't free you from having to create local Unix users to represent the users attaching - to your server. This means that if domain user <CODE + to your server. This means that if domain user <TT CLASS="CONSTANT" >DOM\fred - </CODE + </TT > attaches to your domain security Samba server, there needs to be a local Unix user fred to represent that user in the Unix filesystem. This is very similar to the older Samba security mode @@ -320,28 +387,20 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" >And finally, acting in the same manner as an NT server authenticating to a PDC means that as part of the authentication reply, the Samba server gets the user identification information such - as the user SID, the list of NT groups the user belongs to, etc. </P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" + as the user SID, the list of NT groups the user belongs to, etc. All + this information will allow Samba to be extended in the future into + a mode the developers currently call appliance mode. In this mode, + no local Unix users will be necessary, and Samba will generate Unix + uids and gids from the information passed back from the PDC when a + user is authenticated, making a Samba server truly plug and play + in an NT domain environment. Watch for this code soon.</P ><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE:</I +></SPAN > Much of the text of this document was first published in the Web magazine <A HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com" @@ -354,10 +413,6 @@ TARGET="_top" >Doing the NIS/NT Samba</A >.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV @@ -418,7 +473,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->Advanced Configuration</TD +>Optional configuration</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/findsmb.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/findsmb.1.html index 878c3d78fe..af7100ed6f 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/findsmb.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/findsmb.1.html @@ -1,41 +1,214 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>findsmb</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="findsmb.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>findsmb — list info about machines that respond to SMB - name queries on a subnet</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>findsmb</tt> [subnet broadcast address]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This perl script is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> - suite.</p><p><b>findsmb</b> is a perl script that +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>findsmb</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="FINDSMB">findsmb</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>findsmb -- list info about machines that respond to SMB + name queries on a subnet</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> [subnet broadcast address]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN12" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This perl script is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> is a perl script that prints out several pieces of information about machines on a subnet that respond to SMB name query requests. - It uses <a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a> - and <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a> - to obtain this information. - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt><dd><p>Controls whether <b>findsmb</b> takes + It uses <A +HREF="nmblookup.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmblookup(1)</B +></A +> and <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +></A +> to obtain this information. + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN22" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-r</DT +><DD +><P +>Controls whether <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> takes bugs in Windows95 into account when trying to find a Netbios name registered of the remote machine. This option is disabled by default because it is specific to Windows 95 and Windows 95 machines only. - If set, <a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a> - will be called with <tt>-B</tt> option.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">subnet broadcast address</span></dt><dd><p>Without this option, <b>findsmb - </b> will probe the subnet of the machine where - <a href="findsmb.1.html">findsmb(1)</a> - is run. This value is passed to - <a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a> - as part of the <tt>-B</tt> option.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXAMPLES</h2><p>The output of <b>findsmb</b> lists the following + If set, <A +HREF="nmblookup.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +></A +> + will be called with <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>-B</TT +> option.</P +></DD +><DT +>subnet broadcast address</DT +><DD +><P +>Without this option, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb + </B +> will probe the subnet of the machine where + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> is run. This value is passed + to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> as part of the + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>-B</TT +> option.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN41" +></A +><H2 +>EXAMPLES</H2 +><P +>The output of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> lists the following information for all machines that respond to the initial - <b>nmblookup</b> for any name: IP address, NetBIOS name, - Workgroup name, operating system, and SMB server version.</p><p>There will be a '+' in front of the workgroup name for + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> for any name: IP address, NetBIOS name, + Workgroup name, operating system, and SMB server version.</P +><P +>There will be a '+' in front of the workgroup name for machines that are local master browsers for that workgroup. There will be an '*' in front of the workgroup name for machines that are the domain master browser for that workgroup. Machines that are running Windows, Windows 95 or Windows 98 will not show any information about the operating system or server - version.</p><p>The command with <tt>-r</tt> option - must be run on a system without <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> running. - - If <b>nmbd</b> is running on the system, you will + version.</P +><P +>The command with <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>-r</TT +> option + must be run on a system without <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +></A +> running. + If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> is running on the system, you will only get the IP address and the DNS name of the machine. To get proper responses from Windows 95 and Windows 98 machines, - the command must be run as root and with <tt>-r</tt> - option on a machine without <b>nmbd</b> running.</p><p>For example, running <b>findsmb</b> - without <tt>-r</tt> option set would yield output similar - to the following</p><pre class="screen"> -IP ADDR NETBIOS NAME WORKGROUP/OS/VERSION + the command must be run as root and with <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>-r</TT +> + option on a machine without <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> running.</P +><P +>For example, running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>findsmb</B +> without + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>-r</TT +> option set would yield output similar + to the following</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +><TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +>IP ADDR NETBIOS NAME WORKGROUP/OS/VERSION --------------------------------------------------------------------- 192.168.35.10 MINESET-TEST1 [DMVENGR] 192.168.35.55 LINUXBOX *[MYGROUP] [Unix] [Samba 2.0.6] @@ -47,15 +220,81 @@ IP ADDR NETBIOS NAME WORKGROUP/OS/VERSION 192.168.35.88 SCNT2 +[MVENGR] [Windows NT 4.0] [NT LAN Manager 4.0] 192.168.35.93 FROGSTAR-PC [MVENGR] [Windows 5.0] [Windows 2000 LAN Manager] 192.168.35.97 HERBNT1 *[HERB-NT] [Windows NT 4.0] [NT LAN Manager 4.0] -</pre></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>, - <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, and <a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a> - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + </TT +></PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN59" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN62" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1) + </B +></A +>, and <A +HREF="nmblookup.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup(1)</B +></A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN71" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top">ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) - and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook - XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/groupmapping.html b/docs/htmldocs/groupmapping.html index 704b799631..84cf521fc9 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/groupmapping.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/groupmapping.html @@ -1,53 +1,235 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="unix-permissions.html" title="Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists"><link rel="next" href="printing.html" title="Chapter 13. Printing Support"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unix-permissions.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="groupmapping"></a>Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jean François Micouleau</h3></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><p> -Starting with Samba 3.0 alpha 2, new group mapping functionality -is available to create associations between Windows SIDs and UNIX -groups. The <i><tt>groupmap</tt></i> subcommand included with -the <b>net</b> tool can be used to manage these associations. -</p><p> -The first immediate reason to use the group mapping on a Samba PDC, is that -the <i><tt>domain admin group</tt></i> <tt>smb.conf</tt> has been removed. -This parameter was used to give the listed users membership in the "Domain Admins" -Windows group which gave local admin rights on their workstations (in -default configurations). -</p><p> +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Group mapping HOWTO</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS" +HREF="cvs-access.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Samba performance issues" +HREF="speed.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="speed.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="GROUPMAPPING">Chapter 21. Group mapping HOWTO</H1 +><P +> +Starting with Samba 3.0 alpha 2, a new group mapping function is available. The +current method (likely to change) to manage the groups is a new command called +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbgroupedit</B +>.</P +><P +>The first immediate reason to use the group mapping on a PDC, is that +the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain admin group</B +> of <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> is +now gone. This parameter was used to give the listed users local admin rights +on their workstations. It was some magic stuff that simply worked but didn't +scale very well for complex setups.</P +><P +>Let me explain how it works on NT/W2K, to have this magic fade away. When installing NT/W2K on a computer, the installer program creates some users and groups. Notably the 'Administrators' group, and gives to that group some privileges like the ability to change the date and time or to kill any process (or close too) running on the local machine. The 'Administrator' user is a member of the 'Administrators' group, and thus 'inherit' the 'Administrators' group privileges. If a 'joe' user is created and become a member of the -'Administrator' group, 'joe' has exactly the same rights as 'Administrator'. -</p><p> -When a NT/W2K machine is joined to a domain, the "Domain Adminis" group of the -PDC is added to the local 'Administrators' group of the workstation. Every -member of the 'Domain Administrators' group 'inherit' the -rights of the local 'Administrators' group when logging on the workstation. -</p><p> -The following steps describe how to make samba PDC users members of the -'Domain Admins' group? -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>create a unix group (usually in <tt>/etc/group</tt>), - let's call it domadm</p></li><li><p>add to this group the users that must be Administrators. For example - if you want joe,john and mary, your entry in <tt>/etc/group</tt> will - look like:</p><pre class="programlisting"> - domadm:x:502:joe,john,mary - </pre></li><li><p>Map this domadm group to the "Domain Admins" group - by running the command:</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>net groupmap add ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=domadm</tt></b></p><p>The quotes around "Domain Admins" are necessary due to the space in the group name. Also make - sure to leave no whitespace surrounding the equal character (=).</p></li></ol></div><p>Now joe, john and mary are domain administrators!</p><p> -It is possible to map any arbitrary UNIX group to any Windows NT -group as well as making any UNIX group a Windows domain group. -For example, if you wanted to include a UNIX group (e.g. acct) in a ACL on a -local file or printer on a domain member machine, you would flag -that group as a domain group by running the following on the Samba PDC: -</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>net groupmap add rid=1000 ntgroup="Accounting" unixgroup=acct</tt></b></p><p>Be aware that the rid parmeter is a unsigned 32 bit integer that should -normally start at 1000. However, this rid must not overlap with any RID assigned -to a user. Verifying this is done differently depending on on the passdb backend -you are using. Future versions of the tools may perform the verification automatically, -but for now the burden in on you.</p><p>You can list the various groups in the mapping database by executing -<b>net groupmap list</b>. Here is an example:</p><pre class="programlisting"><tt>root# </tt>net groupmap list -System Administrators (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-1002) -> sysadmin -Domain Admins (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-512) -> domadmin -Domain Users (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-513) -> domuser -Domain Guests (S-1-5-21-2547222302-1596225915-2414751004-514) -> domguest -</pre><p>For complete details on <b>net groupmap</b>, refer to the -net(8) man page.</p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="unix-permissions.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="printing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 13. Printing Support</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +'Administrator' group, 'joe' has exactly the same rights as 'Administrator'.</P +><P +>When a NT/W2K machine is joined to a domain, during that phase, the "Domain +Administrators' group of the PDC is added to the 'Administrators' group of the +workstation. Every members of the 'Domain Administrators' group 'inherit' the +rights of the 'Administrators' group when logging on the workstation.</P +><P +>You are now wondering how to make some of your samba PDC users members of the +'Domain Administrators' ? That's really easy.</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>create a unix group (usually in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group</TT +>), let's call it domadm</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>add to this group the users that must be Administrators. For example if you want joe,john and mary, your entry in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group</TT +> will look like:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>domadm:x:502:joe,john,mary</PRE +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Map this domadm group to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain admins</B +> group by running the command:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbgroupedit -c "Domain Admins" -u domadm</B +></P +></LI +></OL +><P +>You're set, joe, john and mary are domain administrators !</P +><P +>Like the Domain Admins group, you can map any arbitrary Unix group to any NT +group. You can also make any Unix group a domain group. For example, on a domain +member machine (an NT/W2K or a samba server running winbind), you would like to +give access to a certain directory to some users who are member of a group on +your samba PDC. Flag that group as a domain group by running:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbgroupedit -a unixgroup -td</B +></P +><P +>You can list the various groups in the mapping database like this</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbgroupedit -v</B +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="speed.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba performance issues</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/groupprofiles.html b/docs/htmldocs/groupprofiles.html deleted file mode 100644 index 9c25717238..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/groupprofiles.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,568 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Creating Group Prolicy Files</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Optional configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Samba performance issues" -HREF="speed.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Securing Samba" -HREF="securing-samba.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="speed.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="GROUPPROFILES" -></A ->Chapter 21. Creating Group Prolicy Files</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3410" ->21.1. Windows '9x</A -></H1 -><P ->You need the Win98 Group Policy Editor to -set Group Profiles up under Windows '9x. It can be found on the Original -full product Win98 installation CD under -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->tools/reskit/netadmin/poledit</TT ->. You install this -using the Add/Remove Programs facility and then click on the 'Have Disk' -tab.</P -><P ->Use the Group Policy Editor to create a policy file that specifies the -location of user profiles and/or the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->My Documents</TT -> etc. -stuff. You then save these settings in a file called -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Config.POL</TT -> that needs to be placed in -the root of the [NETLOGON] share. If your Win98 is configured to log onto -the Samba Domain, it will automatically read this file and update the -Win9x/Me registry of the machine that is logging on.</P -><P ->All of this is covered in the Win98 Resource Kit documentation.</P -><P ->If you do not do it this way, then every so often Win9x/Me will check the -integrity of the registry and will restore it's settings from the back-up -copy of the registry it stores on each Win9x/Me machine. Hence, you will -occasionally notice things changing back to the original settings.</P -><P ->The following all refers to Windows NT/200x profile migration - not to policies. -We need a separate section on policies (NTConfig.Pol) for NT4/200x.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3420" ->21.2. Windows NT 4</A -></H1 -><P ->Unfortunately, the Resource Kit info is Win NT4 or 200x specific.</P -><P ->Here is a quick guide:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->On your NT4 Domain Controller, right click on 'My Computer', then -select the tab labelled 'User Profiles'.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select a user profile you want to migrate and click on it.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="90%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->I am using the term "migrate" lossely. You can copy a profile to -create a group profile. You can give the user 'Everyone' rights to the -profile you copy this to. That is what you need to do, since your samba -domain is not a member of a trust relationship with your NT4 PDC.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click the 'Copy To' button.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->In the box labelled 'Copy Profile to' add your new path, eg: -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->c:\temp\foobar</TT -></P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the button labelled 'Change' in the "Permitted to use" box.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the group 'Everyone' and then click OK. This closes the -'chose user' box.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now click OK.</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Follow the above for every profile you need to migrate.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3443" ->21.2.1. Side bar Notes</A -></H2 -><P ->You should obtain the SID of your NT4 domain. You can use smbpasswd to do -this. Read the man page.</P -><P ->With Samba-3.0.0 alpha code you can import all you NT4 domain accounts -using the net samsync method. This way you can retain your profile -settings as well as all your users.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3447" ->21.2.2. Mandatory profiles</A -></H2 -><P ->The above method can be used to create mandatory profiles also. To convert -a group profile into a mandatory profile simply locate the NTUser.DAT file -in the copied profile and rename it to NTUser.MAN.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3450" ->21.2.3. moveuser.exe</A -></H2 -><P ->The W2K professional resource kit has moveuser.exe. moveuser.exe changes -the security of a profile from one user to another. This allows the account -domain to change, and/or the user name to change.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3453" ->21.2.4. Get SID</A -></H2 -><P ->You can identify the SID by using GetSID.exe from the Windows NT Server 4.0 -Resource Kit.</P -><P ->Windows NT 4.0 stores the local profile information in the registry under -the following key: -HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList</P -><P ->Under the ProfileList key, there will be subkeys named with the SIDs of the -users who have logged on to this computer. (To find the profile information -for the user whose locally cached profile you want to move, find the SID for -the user with the GetSID.exe utility.) Inside of the appropriate user's -subkey, you will see a string value named ProfileImagePath.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3458" ->21.3. Windows 2000/XP</A -></H1 -><P ->You must first convert the profile from a local profile to a domain -profile on the MS Windows workstation as follows:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->Log on as the LOCAL workstation administrator.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Right click on the 'My Computer' Icon, select 'Properties'</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the 'User Profiles' tab</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select the profile you wish to convert (click on it once)</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the button 'Copy To'</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->In the "Permitted to use" box, click on the 'Change' button.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the 'Look in" area that lists the machine name, when you click -here it will open up a selection box. Click on the domain to which the -profile must be accessible.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="90%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->You will need to log on if a logon box opens up. Eg: In the connect -as: MIDEARTH\root, password: mypassword.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></LI -><LI -><P ->To make the profile capable of being used by anyone select 'Everyone'</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click OK. The Selection box will close.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now click on the 'Ok' button to create the profile in the path you -nominated.</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Done. You now have a profile that can be editted using the samba-3.0.0 -profiles tool.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Under NT/2K the use of mandotory profiles forces the use of MS Exchange -storage of mail data. That keeps desktop profiles usable.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->This is a security check new to Windows XP (or maybe only -Windows XP service pack 1). It can be disabled via a group policy in -Active Directory. The policy is:</P -><P ->"Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\System\User -Profiles\Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile Folders"</P -><P ->...and it should be set to "Enabled". -Does the new version of samba have an Active Directory analogue? If so, -then you may be able to set the policy through this.</P -><P ->If you cannot set group policies in samba, then you may be able to set -the policy locally on each machine. If you want to try this, then do -the following (N.B. I don't know for sure that this will work in the -same way as a domain group policy):</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->On the XP workstation log in with an Administrator account.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "Start", "Run"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Type: "mmc"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->A Microsoft Management Console should appear.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: File, "Add/Remove Snap-in...", "Add"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Double-Click: "Group Policy"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "Finish", "Close"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->In the "Console Root" window:</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Expand: "Local Computer Policy", "Computer Configuration",</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->"Administrative Templates", "System", "User Profiles"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Double-Click: "Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Folders"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select: "Enabled"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Close the whole console. You do not need to save the settings (this -refers to the console settings rather than the policies you have -changed).</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Reboot</P -></LI -></UL -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="speed.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Samba performance issues</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Securing Samba</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html b/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html index 209dfaaf54..4e9d7f639e 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html @@ -5,19 +5,20 @@ >Improved browsing in samba</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK +TITLE="General installation" +HREF="introduction.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba" -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html"><LINK +TITLE="How to Install and Test SAMBA" +HREF="install.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Securing Samba" -HREF="securing-samba.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide" +HREF="browsing-quick.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +HREF="install.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" +HREF="browsing-quick.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -72,87 +73,16 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="IMPROVED-BROWSING" -></A ->Chapter 24. Improved browsing in samba</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->24.1. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3874" ->Overview of browsing</A -></DT -><DT ->24.2. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3880" ->Browsing support in samba</A -></DT -><DT ->24.3. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3895" ->Problem resolution</A -></DT -><DT ->24.4. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3907" ->Browsing across subnets</A -></DT -><DT ->24.5. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3948" ->Setting up a WINS server</A -></DT -><DT ->24.6. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3971" ->Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A -></DT -><DT ->24.7. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3997" ->Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A -></DT -><DT ->24.8. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->Forcing samba to be the master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.9. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4032" ->Making samba the domain master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.10. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4054" ->Note about broadcast addresses</A -></DT -><DT ->24.11. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4057" ->Multiple interfaces</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV +NAME="IMPROVED-BROWSING">Chapter 2. Improved browsing in samba</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3874" ->24.1. Overview of browsing</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN229">2.1. Overview of browsing</H1 ><P >SMB networking provides a mechanism by which clients can access a list -of machines in a network, a so-called <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->browse list</B ->. This list +of machines in a network, a so-called "browse list". This list contains machines that are ready to offer file and/or print services to other machines within the network. Thus it does not include machines which aren't currently able to do server tasks. The browse @@ -160,13 +90,8 @@ list is heavily used by all SMB clients. Configuration of SMB browsing has been problematic for some Samba users, hence this document.</P ><P ->MS Windows 2000 and later, as with Samba 3 and later, can be -configured to not use NetBIOS over TCP/IP. When configured this way -it is imperative that name resolution (using DNS/LDAP/ADS) be correctly -configured and operative. Browsing will NOT work if name resolution -from SMB machine names to IP addresses does not function correctly.</P -><P ->Where NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled use of a WINS server is highly +>Browsing will NOT work if name resolution from NetBIOS names to IP +addresses does not function correctly. Use of a WINS server is highly recommended to aid the resolution of NetBIOS (SMB) names to IP addresses. WINS allows remote segment clients to obtain NetBIOS name_type information that can NOT be provided by any other means of name resolution.</P @@ -176,20 +101,14 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3880" ->24.2. Browsing support in samba</A -></H1 -><P ->Samba facilitates browsing. The browsing is supported by <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->nmbd</SPAN -> -and is also controlled by options in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file. -Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability -for samba to support domain logons and scripts is now available.</P +NAME="AEN233">2.2. Browsing support in samba</H1 +><P +>Samba now fully supports browsing. The browsing is supported by nmbd +and is also controlled by options in the smb.conf file (see smb.conf(5)).</P +><P +>Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability +for samba to support domain logons and scripts is now available. See +DOMAIN.txt for more information on domain logons.</P ><P >Samba can also act as a domain master browser for a workgroup. This means that it will collate lists from local browse masters into a @@ -202,123 +121,64 @@ workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain: on each wide area network, you must only ever have one domain master browser per workgroup, regardless of whether it is NT, Samba or any other type of domain master that is providing this service.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" ><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Nmbd can be configured as a WINS server, but it is not -necessary to specifically use samba as your WINS server. MS Windows -NT4, Server or Advanced Server 2000 or 2003 can be configured as -your WINS server. In a mixed NT/2000/2003 server and samba environment on -a Wide Area Network, it is recommended that you use the Microsoft -WINS server capabilities. In a samba-only environment, it is -recommended that you use one and only one Samba server as your WINS server.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV +>[Note that nmbd can be configured as a WINS server, but it is not +necessary to specifically use samba as your WINS server. NTAS can +be configured as your WINS server. In a mixed NT server and +samba environment on a Wide Area Network, it is recommended that +you use the NT server's WINS server capabilities. In a samba-only +environment, it is recommended that you use one and only one nmbd +as your WINS server].</P ><P >To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need -to use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->workgroup</B -> option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -to control what workgroup Samba becomes a part of.</P +to use the "workgroup" option in smb.conf to control what workgroup +Samba becomes a part of.</P ><P >Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for browsing on another subnet. It is recommended that this option is only used for 'unusual' purposes: announcements over the internet, for -example. See <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> in the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> man page. </P +example. See "remote announce" in the smb.conf man page. </P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3895" ->24.3. Problem resolution</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN242">2.3. Problem resolution</H1 ><P >If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmb file will help you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for finding problems. Also note that the current browse list usually gets stored -in text form in a file called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->browse.dat</TT ->.</P +in text form in a file called browse.dat.</P ><P >Note that if it doesn't work for you, then you should still be able to -type the server name as <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->\\SERVER</TT -> in filemanager then -hit enter and filemanager should display the list of available shares.</P +type the server name as \\SERVER in filemanager then hit enter and +filemanager should display the list of available shares.</P ><P >Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->guest account</B -> set to a valid account. Remember that the -IPC$ connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must +"guest account" set to a valid account. Remember that the IPC$ +connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must have a valid guest account.</P ><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->MS Windows 2000 and upwards (as with Samba) can be configured to disallow -anonymous (ie: Guest account) access to the IPC$ share. In that case, the -MS Windows 2000/XP/2003 machine acting as an SMB/CIFS client will use the -name of the currently logged in user to query the IPC$ share. MS Windows -9X clients are not able to do this and thus will NOT be able to browse -server resources.</I -></SPAN -></P +>Also, a lot of people are getting bitten by the problem of too many +parameters on the command line of nmbd in inetd.conf. This trick is to +not use spaces between the option and the parameter (eg: -d2 instead +of -d 2), and to not use the -B and -N options. New versions of nmbd +are now far more likely to correctly find your broadcast and network +address, so in most cases these aren't needed.</P ><P >The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address, netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the "interfaces" option -in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->)</P +in smb.conf)</P ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3907" ->24.4. Browsing across subnets</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN249">2.4. Browsing across subnets</H1 ><P ->Since the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1) Samba has been +>With the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1 and above) Samba has been updated to enable it to support the replication of browse lists across subnet boundaries. New code and options have been added to achieve this. This section describes how to set this feature up @@ -339,23 +199,19 @@ another subnet without using a WINS server.</P be they Windows 95, Windows NT, or Samba servers must have the IP address of a WINS server given to them by a DHCP server, or by manual configuration (for Win95 and WinNT, this is in the TCP/IP Properties, under Network -settings) for Samba this is in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file.</P +settings) for Samba this is in the smb.conf file.</P ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3913" ->24.4.1. How does cross subnet browsing work ?</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN254">2.4.1. How does cross subnet browsing work ?</H2 ><P >Cross subnet browsing is a complicated dance, containing multiple moving parts. It has taken Microsoft several years to get the code that achieves this correct, and Samba lags behind in some areas. -Samba is capable of cross subnet browsing when configured correctly.</P +However, with the 1.9.17 release, Samba is capable of cross subnet +browsing when configured correctly.</P ><P >Consider a network set up as follows :</P ><P @@ -436,7 +292,7 @@ machine is seen across any of the subnets.</P master browser it looks for a Domain master browser to synchronize its browse list with. It does this by querying the WINS server (N2_D) for the IP address associated with the NetBIOS name -WORKGROUP>1B<. This name was registerd by the Domain master +WORKGROUP>1B<. This name was registerd by the Domain master browser (N1_C) with the WINS server as soon as it was booted.</P ><P >Once N2_B knows the address of the Domain master browser it @@ -559,16 +415,11 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3948" ->24.5. Setting up a WINS server</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN289">2.5. Setting up a WINS server</H1 ><P >Either a Samba machine or a Windows NT Server machine may be set up as a WINS server. To set a Samba machine to be a WINS server you must -add the following option to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file on the selected machine : +add the following option to the smb.conf file on the selected machine : in the [globals] section add the line </P ><P ><B @@ -576,22 +427,22 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" > wins support = yes</B ></P ><P ->Versions of Samba prior to 1.9.17 had this parameter default to +>Versions of Samba previous to 1.9.17 had this parameter default to yes. If you have any older versions of Samba on your network it is -strongly suggested you upgrade to a recent version, or at the very +strongly suggested you upgrade to 1.9.17 or above, or at the very least set the parameter to 'no' on all these machines.</P ><P ->Machines with <B +>Machines with "<B CLASS="COMMAND" >wins support = yes</B -> will keep a list of +>" will keep a list of all NetBIOS names registered with them, acting as a DNS for NetBIOS names.</P ><P >You should set up only ONE wins server. Do NOT set the -<B +"<B CLASS="COMMAND" >wins support = yes</B -> option on more than one Samba +>" option on more than one Samba server.</P ><P >To set up a Windows NT Server as a WINS server you need to set up @@ -602,11 +453,8 @@ refuse to document these replication protocols Samba cannot currently participate in these replications. It is possible in the future that a Samba->Samba WINS replication protocol may be defined, in which case more than one Samba machine could be set up as a WINS server -but currently only one Samba server should have the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> parameter set.</P +but currently only one Samba server should have the "wins support = yes" +parameter set.</P ><P >After the WINS server has been configured you must ensure that all machines participating on the network are configured with the address @@ -615,32 +463,26 @@ the Samba machine IP address in the "Primary WINS Server" field of the "Control Panel->Network->Protocols->TCP->WINS Server" dialogs in Windows 95 or Windows NT. To tell a Samba server the IP address of the WINS server add the following line to the [global] section of -all <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> files :</P +all smb.conf files :</P ><P ><B CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins server = >name or IP address<</B +>wins server = >name or IP address<</B ></P ><P ->where >name or IP address< is either the DNS name of the WINS server +>where >name or IP address< is either the DNS name of the WINS server machine or its IP address.</P ><P ->Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file of the Samba +>Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the smb.conf file of the Samba server acting as the WINS server itself. If you set both the -<B +"<B CLASS="COMMAND" >wins support = yes</B -> option and the -<B +>" option and the +"<B CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins server = <name></B -> option then +>wins server = >name<</B +>" option then nmbd will fail to start.</P ><P >There are two possible scenarios for setting up cross subnet browsing. @@ -654,9 +496,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3971" ->24.6. Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN308">2.6. Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</H1 ><P >To set up cross subnet browsing on a network containing machines in up to be in a WORKGROUP, not an NT Domain you need to set up one @@ -673,10 +513,7 @@ cross subnet browsing possible for a workgroup.</P >In an WORKGROUP environment the domain master browser must be a Samba server, and there must only be one domain master browser per workgroup name. To set up a Samba server as a domain master browser, -set the following option in the [global] section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P +set the following option in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :</P ><P ><B CLASS="COMMAND" @@ -685,17 +522,14 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" ><P >The domain master browser should also preferrably be the local master browser for its own subnet. In order to achieve this set the following -options in the [global] section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = yes -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE +> domain master = yes + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65</PRE ></P ><P >The domain master browser may be the same machine as the WINS @@ -703,60 +537,40 @@ server, if you require.</P ><P >Next, you should ensure that each of the subnets contains a machine that can act as a local master browser for the -workgroup. Any MS Windows NT/2K/XP/2003 machine should be -able to do this, as will Windows 9x machines (although these -tend to get rebooted more often, so it's not such a good idea -to use these). To make a Samba server a local master browser -set the following options in the [global] section of the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P +workgroup. Any NT machine should be able to do this, as will +Windows 95 machines (although these tend to get rebooted more +often, so it's not such a good idea to use these). To make a +Samba server a local master browser set the following +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE +> domain master = no + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65</PRE ></P ><P >Do not do this for more than one Samba server on each subnet, or they will war with each other over which is to be the local master browser.</P ><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->local master</B -> parameter allows Samba to act as a -local master browser. The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> causes nmbd -to force a browser election on startup and the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> -parameter sets Samba high enough so that it should win any browser elections.</P +>The "local master" parameter allows Samba to act as a local master +browser. The "preferred master" causes nmbd to force a browser +election on startup and the "os level" parameter sets Samba high +enough so that it should win any browser elections.</P ><P >If you have an NT machine on the subnet that you wish to be the local master browser then you can disable Samba from becoming a local master browser by setting the following -options in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section of the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = no -preferred master = no -os level = 0</PRE +> domain master = no + local master = no + preferred master = no + os level = 0</PRE ></P ></DIV ><DIV @@ -764,66 +578,41 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3997" ->24.7. Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN326">2.7. Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</H1 ><P >If you are adding Samba servers to a Windows NT Domain then you must not set up a Samba server as a domain master browser. By default, a Windows NT Primary Domain Controller for a Domain name is also the Domain master browser for that name, and many things will break if a Samba server registers the Domain master -browser NetBIOS name (<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->DOMAIN</VAR -><1B>) -with WINS instead of the PDC.</P +browser NetBIOS name (DOMAIN>1B<) with WINS instead of the PDC.</P ><P >For subnets other than the one containing the Windows NT PDC you may set up Samba servers as local master browsers as described. To make a Samba server a local master browser set -the following options in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section -of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P +the following options in the [global] section of the smb.conf +file :</P ><P ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE +> domain master = no + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65</PRE ></P ><P >If you wish to have a Samba server fight the election with machines -on the same subnet you may set the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> parameter -to lower levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that +on the same subnet you may set the "os level" parameter to lower +levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that will become local master browsers if they are running. For -more details on this see the section <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->Forcing samba to be the master browser</A -> +more details on this see the section "FORCING SAMBA TO BE THE MASTER" below.</P ><P >If you have Windows NT machines that are members of the domain on all subnets, and you are sure they will always be running then you can disable Samba from taking part in browser elections and ever becoming a local master browser by setting following options -in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -file :</P +in the [global] section of the smb.conf file :</P ><P ><B CLASS="COMMAND" @@ -838,64 +627,35 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->24.8. Forcing samba to be the master</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN336">2.8. Forcing samba to be the master</H1 ><P ->Who becomes the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->master browser</B -> is determined by an election -process using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters +>Who becomes the "master browser" is determined by an election process +using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters which determine what precedence (bias) a host should have in the election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses elections to just about anyone else.</P ><P ->If you want Samba to win elections then just set the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> global -option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34 +>If you want Samba to win elections then just set the "os level" global +option in smb.conf to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34 would make it win all elections over every other system (except other samba systems!)</P ><P ->A <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not MS Windows -NT/2K Server. A MS Windows NT/2K Server domain controller uses level 32.</P +>A "os level" of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not NTAS. A +NTAS domain controller uses level 32.</P ><P >The maximum os level is 255</P ><P >If you want samba to force an election on startup, then set the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> global option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to "yes". Samba will +"preferred master" global option in smb.conf to "yes". Samba will then have a slight advantage over other potential master browsers that are not preferred master browsers. Use this parameter with care, as if you have two hosts (whether they are windows 95 or NT or -samba) on the same local subnet both set with <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to +samba) on the same local subnet both set with "preferred master" to "yes", then periodically and continually they will force an election in order to become the local master browser.</P ><P ->If you want samba to be a <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->domain master browser</B ->, then it is -recommended that you also set <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to "yes", because +>If you want samba to be a "domain master browser", then it is +recommended that you also set "preferred master" to "yes", because samba will not become a domain master browser for the whole of your LAN or WAN if it is not also a local master browser on its own broadcast isolated subnet.</P @@ -913,20 +673,12 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4032" ->24.9. Making samba the domain master</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN345">2.9. Making samba the domain master</H1 ><P >The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can -make samba act as the domain master by setting <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->domain master = yes</B -> -in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->. By default it will not be a domain master.</P +make samba act as the domain master by setting "domain master = yes" +in smb.conf. By default it will not be a domain master.</P ><P >Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain.</P @@ -937,14 +689,8 @@ master browsers on other subnets and then contact them to synchronise browse lists.</P ><P >If you want samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set -the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to "yes", to get samba to force an election on +the "os level" high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set +"preferred master" to "yes", to get samba to force an election on startup.</P ><P >Note that all your servers (including samba) and clients should be @@ -998,9 +744,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4054" ->24.10. Note about broadcast addresses</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN363">2.10. Note about broadcast addresses</H1 ><P >If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups @@ -1012,19 +756,11 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4057" ->24.11. Multiple interfaces</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN366">2.11. Multiple interfaces</H1 ><P >Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you -have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->interfaces</B -> -option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to configure them. </P +have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the "interfaces" +option in smb.conf to configure them. See smb.conf(5) for details.</P ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV @@ -1043,7 +779,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +HREF="install.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -1061,7 +797,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" +HREF="browsing-quick.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -1071,13 +807,13 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TD +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="optional.html" +HREF="introduction.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD @@ -1085,7 +821,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->Securing Samba</TD +>Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/install.html b/docs/htmldocs/install.html index 1c107c0019..0ba79dbe26 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/install.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/install.html @@ -1,75 +1,896 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="introduction.html" title="Part I. General Installation"><link rel="previous" href="IntroSMB.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba"><link rel="next" href="type.html" title="Part II. Server Configuration Basics"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="IntroSMB.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part I. General Installation</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="type.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="install"></a>Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Karl Auer</h3></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2812103">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2812254">Configuring samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2812000">Editing the smb.conf file</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2875811">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="install.html#id2875850">Try listing the shares available on your - server</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2875900">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876004">Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876065">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2812103"></a>Obtaining and installing samba</h2></div></div><p>Binary packages of samba are included in almost any Linux or - Unix distribution. There are also some packages available at - <a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">the samba homepage</a>. - </p><p>If you need to compile samba from source, check the - <a href="compiling.html" title="Chapter 30. How to compile SAMBA">appropriate appendix chapter</a>.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2812254"></a>Configuring samba</h2></div></div><p>Samba's configuration is stored in the smb.conf file, - that usually resides in <tt>/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt> - or <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt>. You can either - edit this file yourself or do it using one of the many graphical - tools that are available, such as the web-based interface swat, that - is included with samba.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2812000"></a>Editing the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file</h3></div></div><p>There are sample configuration files in the examples +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="General installation" +HREF="introduction.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="General installation" +HREF="introduction.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Improved browsing in samba" +HREF="improved-browsing.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="introduction.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="INSTALL">Chapter 1. How to Install and Test SAMBA</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN26">1.1. Read the man pages</H1 +><P +>The man pages distributed with SAMBA contain + lots of useful info that will help to get you started. + If you don't know how to read man pages then try + something like:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>man smbd.8</B +></TT +> + or + <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>nroff -man smbd.8 | more + </B +></TT +> on older unixes.</P +><P +>Other sources of information are pointed to + by the Samba web site,<A +HREF="http://www.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +> http://www.samba.org</A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN36">1.2. Building the Binaries</H1 +><P +>To do this, first run the program <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>./configure + </B +> in the source directory. This should automatically + configure Samba for your operating system. If you have unusual + needs then you may wish to run</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>./configure --help + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>first to see what special options you can enable. + Then executing</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>make</B +></TT +></P +><P +>will create the binaries. Once it's successfully + compiled you can use </P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>make install</B +></TT +></P +><P +>to install the binaries and manual pages. You can + separately install the binaries and/or man pages using</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>make installbin + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>and</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>make installman + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>Note that if you are upgrading for a previous version + of Samba you might like to know that the old versions of + the binaries will be renamed with a ".old" extension. You + can go back to the previous version with</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>make revert + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>if you find this version a disaster!</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN64">1.3. The all important step</H1 +><P +>At this stage you must fetch yourself a + coffee or other drink you find stimulating. Getting the rest + of the install right can sometimes be tricky, so you will + probably need it.</P +><P +>If you have installed samba before then you can skip + this step.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN68">1.4. Create the smb configuration file.</H1 +><P +>There are sample configuration files in the examples subdirectory in the distribution. I suggest you read them carefully so you can see how the options go together in - practice. See the man page for all the options.</p><p>The simplest useful configuration file would be - something like this:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - workgroup = MYGROUP + practice. See the man page for all the options.</P +><P +>The simplest useful configuration file would be + something like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [global] + workgroup = MYGROUP -[homes] - guest ok = no - read only = no - </pre><p>which would allow connections by anyone with an + [homes] + guest ok = no + read only = no + </PRE +></P +><P +>which would allow connections by anyone with an account on the server, using either their login name or - "<b>homes</b>" as the service name. (Note that I also set the - workgroup that Samba is part of. See BROWSING.txt for details)</p><p>Make sure you put the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file in the same place - you specified in the<tt>Makefile</tt> (the default is to - look for it in <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/</tt>).</p><p>For more information about security settings for the - <b>[homes]</b> share please refer to the chapter - <a href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter 24. Securing Samba">Securing Samba</a>.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2875758"></a>Test your config file with - <b>testparm</b></h4></div></div><p>It's important that you test the validity of your - <tt>smb.conf</tt> file using the testparm program. + "homes" as the service name. (Note that I also set the + workgroup that Samba is part of. See BROWSING.txt for details)</P +><P +>Note that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make install</B +> will not install + a <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. You need to create it + yourself. </P +><P +>Make sure you put the smb.conf file in the same place + you specified in the<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>Makefile</TT +> (the default is to + look for it in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/</TT +>).</P +><P +>For more information about security settings for the + [homes] share please refer to the document UNIX_SECURITY.txt.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN82">1.5. Test your config file with + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +></H1 +><P +>It's important that you test the validity of your + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file using the testparm program. If testparm runs OK then it will list the loaded services. If - not it will give an error message.</p><p>Make sure it runs OK and that the services look - reasonable before proceeding. </p><p>Always run testparm again when you change - <tt>smb.conf</tt>!</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2875811"></a>SWAT</h3></div></div><p> - SWAT is a web-based interface that helps you configure samba. - SWAT might not be available in the samba package on your platform, - but in a separate package. Please read the swat manpage - on compiling, installing and configuring swat from source. - </p><p>To launch SWAT just run your favorite web browser and - point it at "http://localhost:901/". Replace <i><tt>localhost</tt></i> with the name of the computer you are running samba on if you - are running samba on a different computer than your browser.</p><p>Note that you can attach to SWAT from any IP connected - machine but connecting from a remote machine leaves your - connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent - in the clear over the wire. </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875850"></a>Try listing the shares available on your - server</h2></div></div><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient -L - <i><tt>yourhostname</tt></i></tt></b></p><p>You should get back a list of shares available on + not it will give an error message.</P +><P +>Make sure it runs OK and that the services look + reasonable before proceeding. </P +><P +>Always run testparm again when you change + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>!</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN90">1.6. Starting the smbd and nmbd</H1 +><P +>You must choose to start smbd and nmbd either + as daemons or from <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>. Don't try + to do both! Either you can put them in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> inetd.conf</TT +> and have them started on demand + by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>, or you can start them as + daemons either from the command line or in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /etc/rc.local</TT +>. See the man pages for details + on the command line options. Take particular care to read + the bit about what user you need to be in order to start + Samba. In many cases you must be root.</P +><P +>The main advantage of starting <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> using the recommended daemon method + is that they will respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection + request.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN100">1.6.1. Starting from inetd.conf</H2 +><P +>NOTE; The following will be different if + you use NIS or NIS+ to distributed services maps.</P +><P +>Look at your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +>. + What is defined at port 139/tcp. If nothing is defined + then add a line like this:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>netbios-ssn 139/tcp</B +></TT +></P +><P +>similarly for 137/udp you should have an entry like:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>netbios-ns 137/udp</B +></TT +></P +><P +>Next edit your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +> + and add two lines something like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd smbd + netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd + </PRE +></P +><P +>The exact syntax of <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +> + varies between unixes. Look at the other entries in inetd.conf + for a guide.</P +><P +>NOTE: Some unixes already have entries like netbios_ns + (note the underscore) in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +>. + You must either edit <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +> or + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +> to make them consistent.</P +><P +>NOTE: On many systems you may need to use the + "interfaces" option in smb.conf to specify the IP address + and netmask of your interfaces. Run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ifconfig</B +> + as root if you don't know what the broadcast is for your + net. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> tries to determine it at run + time, but fails on some unixes. See the section on "testing nmbd" + for a method of finding if you need to do this.</P +><P +>!!!WARNING!!! Many unixes only accept around 5 + parameters on the command line in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>inetd.conf</TT +>. + This means you shouldn't use spaces between the options and + arguments, or you should use a script, and start the script + from <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>.</P +><P +>Restart <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>, perhaps just send + it a HUP. If you have installed an earlier version of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmbd</B +> then you may need to kill nmbd as well.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN129">1.6.2. Alternative: starting it as a daemon</H2 +><P +>To start the server as a daemon you should create + a script something like this one, perhaps calling + it <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>startsmb</TT +>.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> #!/bin/sh + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D + /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D + </PRE +></P +><P +>then make it executable with <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chmod + +x startsmb</B +></P +><P +>You can then run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>startsmb</B +> by + hand or execute it from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc.local</TT +> + </P +><P +>To kill it send a kill signal to the processes + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>.</P +><P +>NOTE: If you use the SVR4 style init system then + you may like to look at the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>examples/svr4-startup</TT +> + script to make Samba fit into that system.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN145">1.7. Try listing the shares available on your + server</H1 +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbclient -L + <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>yourhostname</I +></TT +></B +></TT +></P +><P +>You should get back a list of shares available on your server. If you don't then something is incorrectly setup. Note that this method can also be used to see what shares - are available on other LanManager clients (such as WfWg).</p><p>If you choose user level security then you may find + are available on other LanManager clients (such as WfWg).</P +><P +>If you choose user level security then you may find that Samba requests a password before it will list the shares. - See the <b>smbclient</b> man page for details. (you + See the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> man page for details. (you can force it to list the shares without a password by adding the option -U% to the command line. This will not work - with non-Samba servers)</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2875900"></a>Try connecting with the unix client</h2></div></div><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient <i><tt> - //yourhostname/aservice</tt></i></tt></b></p><p>Typically the <i><tt>yourhostname</tt></i> - would be the name of the host where you installed smbd. - The <i><tt>aservice</tt></i> is - any service you have defined in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> - file. Try your user name if you just have a <b>[homes]</b> - section - in <tt>smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>For example if your unix host is <i><tt>bambi</tt></i> - and your login name is <i><tt>fred</tt></i> you would type:</p><p><tt>$ </tt><b><tt>smbclient //<i><tt>bambi</tt></i>/<i><tt>fred</tt></i> - </tt></b></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2876004"></a>Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</h2></div></div><p>Try mounting disks. eg:</p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>net use d: \\servername\service - </tt></b></p><p>Try printing. eg:</p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>net use lpt1: - \\servername\spoolservice</tt></b></p><p><tt>C:\WINDOWS\> </tt><b><tt>print filename - </tt></b></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2876065"></a>What If Things Don't Work?</h2></div></div><p>Then you might read the file chapter - <a href="diagnosis.html" title="Chapter 27. The samba checklist">Diagnosis</a> and the - FAQ. If you are still stuck then try to follow - the <a href="problems.html" title="Chapter 28. Analysing and solving samba problems">Analysing and Solving Problems chapter</a> - Samba has been successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide, - so maybe someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it. </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="IntroSMB.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="introduction.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="type.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Part II. Server Configuration Basics</td></tr></table></div></body></html> + with non-Samba servers)</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN154">1.8. Try connecting with the unix client</H1 +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbclient <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +> //yourhostname/aservice</I +></TT +></B +></TT +></P +><P +>Typically the <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>yourhostname</I +></TT +> + would be the name of the host where you installed <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbd</B +>. The <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>aservice</I +></TT +> is + any service you have defined in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> + file. Try your user name if you just have a [homes] section + in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>.</P +><P +>For example if your unix host is bambi and your login + name is fred you would type:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbclient //bambi/fred + </B +></TT +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN170">1.9. Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, + Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</H1 +><P +>Try mounting disks. eg:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINDOWS\> </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>net use d: \\servername\service + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>Try printing. eg:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINDOWS\> </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>net use lpt1: + \\servername\spoolservice</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINDOWS\> </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>print filename + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>Celebrate, or send me a bug report!</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN184">1.10. What If Things Don't Work?</H1 +><P +>If nothing works and you start to think "who wrote + this pile of trash" then I suggest you do step 2 again (and + again) till you calm down.</P +><P +>Then you might read the file DIAGNOSIS.txt and the + FAQ. If you are still stuck then try the mailing list or + newsgroup (look in the README for details). Samba has been + successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide, so maybe + someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it. You could + also use the WWW site to scan back issues of the samba-digest.</P +><P +>When you fix the problem PLEASE send me some updates to the + documentation (or source code) so that the next person will find it + easier. </P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN189">1.10.1. Diagnosing Problems</H2 +><P +>If you have installation problems then go to the + <A +HREF="Diagnosis.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Diagnosis</A +> chapter to try to find the + problem.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN193">1.10.2. Scope IDs</H2 +><P +>By default Samba uses a blank scope ID. This means + all your windows boxes must also have a blank scope ID. + If you really want to use a non-blank scope ID then you will + need to use the 'netbios scope' smb.conf option. + All your PCs will need to have the same setting for + this to work. I do not recommend scope IDs.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN196">1.10.3. Choosing the Protocol Level</H2 +><P +>The SMB protocol has many dialects. Currently + Samba supports 5, called CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1, + LANMAN2 and NT1.</P +><P +>You can choose what maximum protocol to support + in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. The default is + NT1 and that is the best for the vast majority of sites.</P +><P +>In older versions of Samba you may have found it + necessary to use COREPLUS. The limitations that led to + this have mostly been fixed. It is now less likely that you + will want to use less than LANMAN1. The only remaining advantage + of COREPLUS is that for some obscure reason WfWg preserves + the case of passwords in this protocol, whereas under LANMAN1, + LANMAN2 or NT1 it uppercases all passwords before sending them, + forcing you to use the "password level=" option in some cases.</P +><P +>The main advantage of LANMAN2 and NT1 is support for + long filenames with some clients (eg: smbclient, Windows NT + or Win95). </P +><P +>See the smb.conf(5) manual page for more details.</P +><P +>Note: To support print queue reporting you may find + that you have to use TCP/IP as the default protocol under + WfWg. For some reason if you leave Netbeui as the default + it may break the print queue reporting on some systems. + It is presumably a WfWg bug.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN205">1.10.4. Printing from UNIX to a Client PC</H2 +><P +>To use a printer that is available via a smb-based + server from a unix host with LPR you will need to compile the + smbclient program. You then need to install the script + "smbprint". Read the instruction in smbprint for more details. + </P +><P +>There is also a SYSV style script that does much + the same thing called smbprint.sysv. It contains instructions.</P +><P +>See the CUPS manual for information about setting up + printing from a unix host with CUPS to a smb-based server. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN210">1.10.5. Locking</H2 +><P +>One area which sometimes causes trouble is locking.</P +><P +>There are two types of locking which need to be + performed by a SMB server. The first is "record locking" + which allows a client to lock a range of bytes in a open file. + The second is the "deny modes" that are specified when a file + is open.</P +><P +>Record locking semantics under Unix is very + different from record locking under Windows. Versions + of Samba before 2.2 have tried to use the native + fcntl() unix system call to implement proper record + locking between different Samba clients. This can not + be fully correct due to several reasons. The simplest + is the fact that a Windows client is allowed to lock a + byte range up to 2^32 or 2^64, depending on the client + OS. The unix locking only supports byte ranges up to + 2^31. So it is not possible to correctly satisfy a + lock request above 2^31. There are many more + differences, too many to be listed here.</P +><P +>Samba 2.2 and above implements record locking + completely independent of the underlying unix + system. If a byte range lock that the client requests + happens to fall into the range 0-2^31, Samba hands + this request down to the Unix system. All other locks + can not be seen by unix anyway.</P +><P +>Strictly a SMB server should check for locks before + every read and write call on a file. Unfortunately with the + way fcntl() works this can be slow and may overstress the + rpc.lockd. It is also almost always unnecessary as clients + are supposed to independently make locking calls before reads + and writes anyway if locking is important to them. By default + Samba only makes locking calls when explicitly asked + to by a client, but if you set "strict locking = yes" then it will + make lock checking calls on every read and write. </P +><P +>You can also disable by range locking completely + using "locking = no". This is useful for those shares that + don't support locking or don't need it (such as cdroms). In + this case Samba fakes the return codes of locking calls to + tell clients that everything is OK.</P +><P +>The second class of locking is the "deny modes". These + are set by an application when it opens a file to determine + what types of access should be allowed simultaneously with + its open. A client may ask for DENY_NONE, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE + or DENY_ALL. There are also special compatibility modes called + DENY_FCB and DENY_DOS.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN219">1.10.6. Mapping Usernames</H2 +><P +>If you have different usernames on the PCs and + the unix server then take a look at the "username map" option. + See the smb.conf man page for details.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="introduction.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>General installation</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="introduction.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Improved browsing in samba</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html b/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html index 70f446e09d..ad6aa9e225 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/integrate-ms-networks.html @@ -1,55 +1,221 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="msdfs.html" title="Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba"><link rel="next" href="securing-samba.html" title="Chapter 24. Securing Samba"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="msdfs.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="securing-samba.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="integrate-ms-networks"></a>Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jan 01 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899641">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900075">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900212">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900256">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900299">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900394">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899927">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899966">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900009">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900041">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900053">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -This section deals with NetBIOS over TCP/IP name to IP address resolution. If -your MS Windows clients are NOT configured to use NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this -section does not apply to your installation. If your installation involves use of -NetBIOS over TCP/IP then this section may help you to resolve networking problems. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - NetBIOS over TCP/IP has nothing to do with NetBEUI. NetBEUI is NetBIOS - over Logical Link Control (LLC). On modern networks it is highly advised - to NOT run NetBEUI at all. Note also that there is NO such thing as - NetBEUI over TCP/IP - the existence of such a protocol is a complete - and utter mis-apprehension. -</p></div><p> -Since the introduction of MS Windows 2000 it is possible to run MS Windows networking -without the use of NetBIOS over TCP/IP. NetBIOS over TCP/IP uses UDP port 137 for NetBIOS -name resolution and uses TCP port 139 for NetBIOS session services. When NetBIOS over -TCP/IP is disabled on MS Windows 2000 and later clients then only TCP port 445 will be -used and UDP port 137 and TCP port 139 will not. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -When using Windows 2000 or later clients, if NetBIOS over TCP/IP is NOT disabled, then -the client will use UDP port 137 (NetBIOS Name Service, also known as the Windows Internet -Name Service or WINS), TCP port 139 AND TCP port 445 (for actual file and print traffic). -</p></div><p> -When NetBIOS over TCP/IP is disabled the use of DNS is essential. Most installations that -disable NetBIOS over TCP/IP today use MS Active Directory Service (ADS). ADS requires -Dynamic DNS with Service Resource Records (SRV RR) and with Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR). -Use of DHCP with ADS is recommended as a further means of maintaining central control -over client workstation network configuration. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2899641"></a>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</h2></div></div><p> -The key configuration files covered in this section are: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900075"></a><tt>/etc/hosts</tt></h3></div></div><p> -Contains a static list of IP Addresses and names. -eg: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain - 192.168.1.1 bigbox.caldera.com bigbox alias4box -</pre><p> -The purpose of <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is to provide a +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists" +HREF="unix-permissions.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="INTEGRATE-MS-NETWORKS">Chapter 10. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1374">10.1. Agenda</H1 +><P +>To identify the key functional mechanisms of MS Windows networking +to enable the deployment of Samba as a means of extending and/or +replacing MS Windows NT/2000 technology.</P +><P +>We will examine:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>Name resolution in a pure Unix/Linux TCP/IP + environment + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Name resolution as used within MS Windows + networking + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>How browsing functions and how to deploy stable + and dependable browsing using Samba + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>MS Windows security options and how to + configure Samba for seemless integration + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Configuration of Samba as:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="a" +><LI +><P +>A stand-alone server</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An MS Windows NT 3.x/4.0 security domain member + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An alternative to an MS Windows NT 3.x/4.0 Domain Controller + </P +></LI +></OL +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1396">10.2. Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</H1 +><P +>The key configuration files covered in this section are:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/resolv.conf</TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/host.conf</TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +></P +></LI +></UL +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1412">10.2.1. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +></H2 +><P +>Contains a static list of IP Addresses and names. +eg:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain + 192.168.1.1 bigbox.caldera.com bigbox alias4box</PRE +></P +><P +>The purpose of <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> is to provide a name resolution mechanism so that uses do not need to remember -IP addresses. -</p><p> -Network packets that are sent over the physical network transport +IP addresses.</P +><P +>Network packets that are sent over the physical network transport layer communicate not via IP addresses but rather using the Media Access Control address, or MAC address. IP Addresses are currently 32 bits in length and are typically presented as four (4) decimal -numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1 -</p><p> -MAC Addresses use 48 bits (or 6 bytes) and are typically represented +numbers that are separated by a dot (or period). eg: 168.192.1.1</P +><P +>MAC Addresses use 48 bits (or 6 bytes) and are typically represented as two digit hexadecimal numbers separated by colons. eg: -40:8e:0a:12:34:56 -</p><p> -Every network interfrace must have an MAC address. Associated with +40:8e:0a:12:34:56</P +><P +>Every network interfrace must have an MAC address. Associated with a MAC address there may be one or more IP addresses. There is NO relationship between an IP address and a MAC address, all such assignments are arbitary or discretionary in nature. At the most basic level all @@ -58,15 +224,18 @@ addresses must be globally unique, and generally remains fixed for any particular interface, the assignment of an IP address makes sense from a network management perspective. More than one IP address can be assigned per MAC address. One address must be the primary IP address, -this is the address that will be returned in the ARP reply. -</p><p> -When a user or a process wants to communicate with another machine -the protocol implementation ensures that the "machine name" or "host -name" is resolved to an IP address in a manner that is controlled +this is the address that will be returned in the ARP reply.</P +><P +>When a user or a process wants to communicate with another machine +the protocol implementation ensures that the "machine name" or "host +name" is resolved to an IP address in a manner that is controlled by the TCP/IP configuration control files. The file -<tt>/etc/hosts</tt> is one such file. -</p><p> -When the IP address of the destination interface has been +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> is one such file.</P +><P +>When the IP address of the destination interface has been determined a protocol called ARP/RARP is used to identify the MAC address of the target interface. ARP stands for Address Resolution Protocol, and is a broadcast oriented method that @@ -76,41 +245,98 @@ address. Network interfaces are programmed to respond to two MAC addresses only; their own unique address and the address ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff. The reply packet from an ARP request will contain the MAC address and the primary IP address for each -interface. -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file is foundational to all +interface.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> file is foundational to all Unix/Linux TCP/IP installations and as a minumum will contain the localhost and local network interface IP addresses and the primary names by which they are known within the local machine. This file helps to prime the pump so that a basic level of name resolution can exist before any other method of name resolution -becomes available. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900212"></a><tt>/etc/resolv.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -This file tells the name resolution libraries: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The name of the domain to which the machine +becomes available.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1428">10.2.2. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/resolv.conf</TT +></H2 +><P +>This file tells the name resolution libraries:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The name of the domain to which the machine belongs - </p></li><li><p>The name(s) of any domains that should be + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The name(s) of any domains that should be automatically searched when trying to resolve unqualified host names to their IP address - </p></li><li><p>The name or IP address of available Domain + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The name or IP address of available Domain Name Servers that may be asked to perform name to address translation lookups - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900256"></a><tt>/etc/host.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -<tt>/etc/host.conf</tt> is the primary means by + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1439">10.2.3. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/host.conf</TT +></H2 +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/host.conf</TT +> is the primary means by which the setting in /etc/resolv.conf may be affected. It is a critical configuration file. This file controls the order by -which name resolution may procede. The typical structure is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - order hosts,bind - multi on -</pre><p> -then both addresses should be returned. Please refer to the -man page for host.conf for further details. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900299"></a><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt></h3></div></div><p> -This file controls the actual name resolution targets. The -file typically has resolver object specifications as follows: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # /etc/nsswitch.conf +which name resolution may procede. The typical structure is:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> order hosts,bind + multi on</PRE +></P +><P +>then both addresses should be returned. Please refer to the +man page for host.conf for further details.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1447">10.2.4. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +></H2 +><P +>This file controls the actual name resolution targets. The +file typically has resolver object specifications as follows:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> # /etc/nsswitch.conf # # Name Service Switch configuration file. # @@ -129,75 +355,99 @@ file typically has resolver object specifications as follows: ethers: nis files protocols: nis files rpc: nis files - services: nis files -</pre><p> -Of course, each of these mechanisms requires that the appropriate -facilities and/or services are correctly configured. -</p><p> -It should be noted that unless a network request/message must be + services: nis files</PRE +></P +><P +>Of course, each of these mechanisms requires that the appropriate +facilities and/or services are correctly configured.</P +><P +>It should be noted that unless a network request/message must be sent, TCP/IP networks are silent. All TCP/IP communications assumes a -principal of speaking only when necessary. -</p><p> -Starting with version 2.2.0 samba has Linux support for extensions to +principal of speaking only when necessary.</P +><P +>Starting with version 2.2.0 samba has Linux support for extensions to the name service switch infrastructure so that linux clients will be able to obtain resolution of MS Windows NetBIOS names to IP Addresses. To gain this functionality Samba needs to be compiled -with appropriate arguments to the make command (ie: <b>make -nsswitch/libnss_wins.so</b>). The resulting library should -then be installed in the <tt>/lib</tt> directory and -the "wins" parameter needs to be added to the "hosts:" line in -the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file. At this point it +with appropriate arguments to the make command (ie: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make +nsswitch/libnss_wins.so</B +>). The resulting library should +then be installed in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib</TT +> directory and +the "wins" parameter needs to be added to the "hosts:" line in +the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file. At this point it will be possible to ping any MS Windows machine by it's NetBIOS machine name, so long as that machine is within the workgroup to -which both the samba machine and the MS Windows machine belong. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2900394"></a>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</h2></div></div><p> -MS Windows networking is predicated about the name each machine +which both the samba machine and the MS Windows machine belong.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1459">10.3. Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</H1 +><P +>MS Windows networking is predicated about the name each machine is given. This name is known variously (and inconsistently) as -the "computer name", "machine name", "networking name", "netbios name", -"SMB name". All terms mean the same thing with the exception of -"netbios name" which can apply also to the name of the workgroup or the -domain name. The terms "workgroup" and "domain" are really just a +the "computer name", "machine name", "networking name", "netbios name", +"SMB name". All terms mean the same thing with the exception of +"netbios name" which can apply also to the name of the workgroup or the +domain name. The terms "workgroup" and "domain" are really just a simply name with which the machine is associated. All NetBIOS names are exactly 16 characters in length. The 16th character is reserved. It is used to store a one byte value that indicates service level information for the NetBIOS name that is registered. A NetBIOS machine name is therefore registered for each service type that is provided by -the client/server. -</p><p> -The following are typical NetBIOS name/service type registrations: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Unique NetBIOS Names: - MACHINENAME<00> = Server Service is running on MACHINENAME - MACHINENAME<03> = Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name) - MACHINENAME<20> = LanMan Server service is running on MACHINENAME - WORKGROUP<1b> = Domain Master Browser +the client/server.</P +><P +>The following are typical NetBIOS name/service type registrations:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> Unique NetBIOS Names: + MACHINENAME<00> = Server Service is running on MACHINENAME + MACHINENAME<03> = Generic Machine Name (NetBIOS name) + MACHINENAME<20> = LanMan Server service is running on MACHINENAME + WORKGROUP<1b> = Domain Master Browser Group Names: - WORKGROUP<03> = Generic Name registered by all members of WORKGROUP - WORKGROUP<1c> = Domain Controllers / Netlogon Servers - WORKGROUP<1d> = Local Master Browsers - WORKGROUP<1e> = Internet Name Resolvers -</pre><p> -It should be noted that all NetBIOS machines register their own + WORKGROUP<03> = Generic Name registered by all members of WORKGROUP + WORKGROUP<1c> = Domain Controllers / Netlogon Servers + WORKGROUP<1d> = Local Master Browsers + WORKGROUP<1e> = Internet Name Resolvers</PRE +></P +><P +>It should be noted that all NetBIOS machines register their own names as per the above. This is in vast contrast to TCP/IP installations where traditionally the system administrator will determine in the /etc/hosts or in the DNS database what names -are associated with each IP address. -</p><p> -One further point of clarification should be noted, the <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> +are associated with each IP address.</P +><P +>One further point of clarification should be noted, the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> file and the DNS records do not provide the NetBIOS name type information that MS Windows clients depend on to locate the type of service that may be needed. An example of this is what happens when an MS Windows client -wants to locate a domain logon server. It finds this service and the IP +wants to locate a domain logon server. It find this service and the IP address of a server that provides it by performing a lookup (via a NetBIOS broadcast) for enumeration of all machines that have -registered the name type *<1c>. A logon request is then sent to each +registered the name type *<1c>. A logon request is then sent to each IP address that is returned in the enumerated list of IP addresses. Which -ever machine first replies then ends up providing the logon services. -</p><p> -The name "workgroup" or "domain" really can be confusing since these +ever machine first replies then ends up providing the logon services.</P +><P +>The name "workgroup" or "domain" really can be confusing since these have the added significance of indicating what is the security -architecture of the MS Windows network. The term "workgroup" indicates +architecture of the MS Windows network. The term "workgroup" indicates that the primary nature of the network environment is that of a peer-to-peer design. In a WORKGROUP all machines are responsible for their own security, and generally such security is limited to use of @@ -205,9 +455,9 @@ just a password (known as SHARE MODE security). In most situations with peer-to-peer networking the users who control their own machines will simply opt to have no security at all. It is possible to have USER MODE security in a WORKGROUP environment, thus requiring use -of a user name and a matching password. -</p><p> -MS Windows networking is thus predetermined to use machine names +of a user name and a matching password.</P +><P +>MS Windows networking is thus predetermined to use machine names for all local and remote machine message passing. The protocol used is called Server Message Block (SMB) and this is implemented using the NetBIOS protocol (Network Basic Input Output System). NetBIOS can @@ -216,39 +466,60 @@ the resulting protocol is called NetBEUI (Network Basic Extended User Interface). NetBIOS can also be run over IPX (Internetworking Packet Exchange) protocol as used by Novell NetWare, and it can be run over TCP/IP protocols - in which case the resulting protocol is called -NBT or NetBT, the NetBIOS over TCP/IP. -</p><p> -MS Windows machines use a complex array of name resolution mechanisms. +NBT or NetBT, the NetBIOS over TCP/IP.</P +><P +>MS Windows machines use a complex array of name resolution mechanisms. Since we are primarily concerned with TCP/IP this demonstration is -limited to this area. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899927"></a>The NetBIOS Name Cache</h3></div></div><p> -All MS Windows machines employ an in memory buffer in which is +limited to this area.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1471">10.3.1. The NetBIOS Name Cache</H2 +><P +>All MS Windows machines employ an in memory buffer in which is stored the NetBIOS names and IP addresses for all external machines that that machine has communicated with over the past 10-15 minutes. It is more efficient to obtain an IP address for a machine from the local cache than it is to go through all the -configured name resolution mechanisms. -</p><p> -If a machine whose name is in the local name cache has been shut +configured name resolution mechanisms.</P +><P +>If a machine whose name is in the local name cache has been shut down before the name had been expired and flushed from the cache, then an attempt to exchange a message with that machine will be subject to time-out delays. i.e.: Its name is in the cache, so a name resolution lookup will succeed, but the machine can not respond. This can be -frustrating for users - but it is a characteristic of the protocol. -</p><p> -The MS Windows utility that allows examination of the NetBIOS -name cache is called "nbtstat". The Samba equivalent of this -is called "nmblookup". -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899966"></a>The LMHOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> -This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or -2000 in <tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains +frustrating for users - but it is a characteristic of the protocol.</P +><P +>The MS Windows utility that allows examination of the NetBIOS +name cache is called "nbtstat". The Samba equivalent of this +is called "nmblookup".</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1476">10.3.2. The LMHOSTS file</H2 +><P +>This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or +2000 in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</TT +> and contains the IP Address and the machine name in matched pairs. The -<tt>LMHOSTS</tt> file performs NetBIOS name -to IP address mapping. -</p><p> -It typically looks like: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # Copyright (c) 1998 Microsoft Corp. +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>LMHOSTS</TT +> file performs NetBIOS name +to IP address mapping oriented.</P +><P +>It typically looks like:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> # Copyright (c) 1998 Microsoft Corp. # # This is a sample LMHOSTS file used by the Microsoft Wins Client (NetBIOS # over TCP/IP) stack for Windows98 @@ -257,7 +528,7 @@ It typically looks like: # (NetBIOS) names. Each entry should be kept on an individual line. # The IP address should be placed in the first column followed by the # corresponding computername. The address and the comptername - # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" character + # should be separated by at least one space or tab. The "#" character # is generally used to denote the start of a comment (see the exceptions # below). # @@ -271,28 +542,28 @@ It typically looks like: # #END_ALTERNATE # \0xnn (non-printing character support) # - # Following any entry in the file with the characters "#PRE" will cause + # Following any entry in the file with the characters "#PRE" will cause # the entry to be preloaded into the name cache. By default, entries are # not preloaded, but are parsed only after dynamic name resolution fails. # - # Following an entry with the "#DOM:<domain>" tag will associate the + # Following an entry with the "#DOM:<domain>" tag will associate the # entry with the domain specified by <domain>. This affects how the # browser and logon services behave in TCP/IP environments. To preload # the host name associated with #DOM entry, it is necessary to also add a # #PRE to the line. The <domain> is always preloaded although it will not # be shown when the name cache is viewed. # - # Specifying "#INCLUDE <filename>" will force the RFC NetBIOS (NBT) + # Specifying "#INCLUDE <filename>" will force the RFC NetBIOS (NBT) # software to seek the specified <filename> and parse it as if it were # local. <filename> is generally a UNC-based name, allowing a # centralized lmhosts file to be maintained on a server. # It is ALWAYS necessary to provide a mapping for the IP address of the # server prior to the #INCLUDE. This mapping must use the #PRE directive. - # In addtion the share "public" in the example below must be in the - # LanManServer list of "NullSessionShares" in order for client machines to + # In addtion the share "public" in the example below must be in the + # LanManServer list of "NullSessionShares" in order for client machines to # be able to read the lmhosts file successfully. This key is under # \machine\system\currentcontrolset\services\lanmanserver\parameters\nullsessionshares - # in the registry. Simply add "public" to the list found there. + # in the registry. Simply add "public" to the list found there. # # The #BEGIN_ and #END_ALTERNATE keywords allow multiple #INCLUDE # statements to be grouped together. Any single successful include @@ -305,7 +576,7 @@ It typically looks like: # The following example illustrates all of these extensions: # # 102.54.94.97 rhino #PRE #DOM:networking #net group's DC - # 102.54.94.102 "appname \0x14" #special app server + # 102.54.94.102 "appname \0x14" #special app server # 102.54.94.123 popular #PRE #source server # 102.54.94.117 localsrv #PRE #needed for the include # @@ -314,51 +585,564 @@ It typically looks like: # #INCLUDE \\rhino\public\lmhosts # #END_ALTERNATE # - # In the above example, the "appname" server contains a special - # character in its name, the "popular" and "localsrv" server names are - # preloaded, and the "rhino" server name is specified so it can be used - # to later #INCLUDE a centrally maintained lmhosts file if the "localsrv" + # In the above example, the "appname" server contains a special + # character in its name, the "popular" and "localsrv" server names are + # preloaded, and the "rhino" server name is specified so it can be used + # to later #INCLUDE a centrally maintained lmhosts file if the "localsrv" # system is unavailable. # # Note that the whole file is parsed including comments on each lookup, # so keeping the number of comments to a minimum will improve performance. # Therefore it is not advisable to simply add lmhosts file entries onto the - # end of this file. -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900009"></a>HOSTS file</h3></div></div><p> -This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or 2000 in -<tt>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</tt> and contains + # end of this file.</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1484">10.3.3. HOSTS file</H2 +><P +>This file is usually located in MS Windows NT 4.0 or 2000 in +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC</TT +> and contains the IP Address and the IP hostname in matched pairs. It can be used by the name resolution infrastructure in MS Windows, depending on how the TCP/IP environment is configured. This file is in -every way the equivalent of the Unix/Linux <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900041"></a>DNS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> -This capability is configured in the TCP/IP setup area in the network +every way the equivalent of the Unix/Linux <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> file.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1489">10.3.4. DNS Lookup</H2 +><P +>This capability is configured in the TCP/IP setup area in the network configuration facility. If enabled an elaborate name resolution sequence -is followed the precise nature of which is dependant on what the NetBIOS +is followed the precise nature of which isdependant on what the NetBIOS Node Type parameter is configured to. A Node Type of 0 means use NetBIOS broadcast (over UDP broadcast) is first used if the name that is the subject of a name lookup is not found in the NetBIOS name cache. If that fails then DNS, HOSTS and LMHOSTS are checked. If set to Node Type 8, then a NetBIOS Unicast (over UDP Unicast) is sent to the WINS Server to obtain a lookup before DNS, HOSTS, LMHOSTS, or broadcast -lookup is used. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2900053"></a>WINS Lookup</h3></div></div><p> -A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivaent of the +lookup is used.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1492">10.3.5. WINS Lookup</H2 +><P +>A WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) service is the equivaent of the rfc1001/1002 specified NBNS (NetBIOS Name Server). A WINS server stores the names and IP addresses that are registered by a Windows client -if the TCP/IP setup has been given at least one WINS Server IP Address. -</p><p> -To configure Samba to be a WINS server the following parameter needs -to be added to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins support = Yes -</pre><p> -To configure Samba to use a WINS server the following parameters are -needed in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - wins support = No - wins server = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx -</pre><p> -where <i><tt>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</tt></i> is the IP address -of the WINS server. -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="msdfs.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="securing-samba.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 24. Securing Samba</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +if the TCP/IP setup has been given at least one WINS Server IP Address.</P +><P +>To configure Samba to be a WINS server the following parameter needs +to be added to the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> wins support = Yes</PRE +></P +><P +>To configure Samba to use a WINS server the following parameters are +needed in the smb.conf file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> wins support = No + wins server = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</PRE +></P +><P +>where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx</I +></TT +> is the IP address +of the WINS server.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1504">10.4. How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and +dependable browsing using Samba</H1 +><P +>As stated above, MS Windows machines register their NetBIOS names +(i.e.: the machine name for each service type in operation) on start +up. Also, as stated above, the exact method by which this name registration +takes place is determined by whether or not the MS Windows client/server +has been given a WINS server address, whether or not LMHOSTS lookup +is enabled, or if DNS for NetBIOS name resolution is enabled, etc.</P +><P +>In the case where there is no WINS server all name registrations as +well as name lookups are done by UDP broadcast. This isolates name +resolution to the local subnet, unless LMHOSTS is used to list all +names and IP addresses. In such situations Samba provides a means by +which the samba server name may be forcibly injected into the browse +list of a remote MS Windows network (using the "remote announce" parameter).</P +><P +>Where a WINS server is used, the MS Windows client will use UDP +unicast to register with the WINS server. Such packets can be routed +and thus WINS allows name resolution to function across routed networks.</P +><P +>During the startup process an election will take place to create a +local master browser if one does not already exist. On each NetBIOS network +one machine will be elected to function as the domain master browser. This +domain browsing has nothing to do with MS security domain control. +Instead, the domain master browser serves the role of contacting each local +master browser (found by asking WINS or from LMHOSTS) and exchanging browse +list contents. This way every master browser will eventually obtain a complete +list of all machines that are on the network. Every 11-15 minutes an election +is held to determine which machine will be the master browser. By the nature of +the election criteria used, the machine with the highest uptime, or the +most senior protocol version, or other criteria, will win the election +as domain master browser.</P +><P +>Clients wishing to browse the network make use of this list, but also depend +on the availability of correct name resolution to the respective IP +address/addresses. </P +><P +>Any configuration that breaks name resolution and/or browsing intrinsics +will annoy users because they will have to put up with protracted +inability to use the network services.</P +><P +>Samba supports a feature that allows forced synchonisation +of browse lists across routed networks using the "remote +browse sync" parameter in the smb.conf file. This causes Samba +to contact the local master browser on a remote network and +to request browse list synchronisation. This effectively bridges +two networks that are separated by routers. The two remote +networks may use either broadcast based name resolution or WINS +based name resolution, but it should be noted that the "remote +browse sync" parameter provides browse list synchronisation - and +that is distinct from name to address resolution, in other +words, for cross subnet browsing to function correctly it is +essential that a name to address resolution mechanism be provided. +This mechanism could be via DNS, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +>, +and so on.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1514">10.5. MS Windows security options and how to configure +Samba for seemless integration</H1 +><P +>MS Windows clients may use encrypted passwords as part of a +challenege/response authentication model (a.k.a. NTLMv1) or +alone, or clear text strings for simple password based +authentication. It should be realized that with the SMB +protocol the password is passed over the network either +in plain text or encrypted, but not both in the same +authentication requets.</P +><P +>When encrypted passwords are used a password that has been +entered by the user is encrypted in two ways:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>An MD4 hash of the UNICODE of the password + string. This is known as the NT hash. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The password is converted to upper case, + and then padded or trucated to 14 bytes. This string is + then appended with 5 bytes of NULL characters and split to + form two 56 bit DES keys to encrypt a "magic" 8 byte value. + The resulting 16 bytes for the LanMan hash. + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>You should refer to the <A +HREF="ENCRYPTION.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Password Encryption</A +> chapter in this HOWTO collection +for more details on the inner workings</P +><P +>MS Windows 95 pre-service pack 1, MS Windows NT versions 3.x +and version 4.0 pre-service pack 3 will use either mode of +password authentication. All versions of MS Windows that follow +these versions no longer support plain text passwords by default.</P +><P +>MS Windows clients have a habit of dropping network mappings that +have been idle for 10 minutes or longer. When the user attempts to +use the mapped drive connection that has been dropped, the client +re-establishes the connection using +a cached copy of the password.</P +><P +>When Microsoft changed the default password mode, they dropped support for +caching of the plain text password. This means that when the registry +parameter is changed to re-enable use of plain text passwords it appears to +work, but when a dropped mapping attempts to revalidate it will fail if +the remote authentication server does not support encrypted passwords. +This means that it is definitely not a good idea to re-enable plain text +password support in such clients.</P +><P +>The following parameters can be used to work around the +issue of Windows 9x client upper casing usernames and +password before transmitting them to the SMB server +when using clear text authentication.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDLEVEL" +TARGET="_top" +>passsword level</A +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>integer</I +></TT +> + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#USERNAMELEVEL" +TARGET="_top" +>username level</A +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>integer</I +></TT +></PRE +></P +><P +>By default Samba will lower case the username before attempting +to lookup the user in the database of local system accounts. +Because UNIX usernames conventionally only contain lower case +character, the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username level</I +></TT +> parameter +is rarely even needed.</P +><P +>However, password on UNIX systems often make use of mixed case +characters. This means that in order for a user on a Windows 9x +client to connect to a Samba server using clear text authentication, +the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password level</I +></TT +> must be set to the maximum +number of upper case letter which <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>could</I +></SPAN +> appear +is a password. Note that is the server OS uses the traditional +DES version of crypt(), then a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password level</I +></TT +> +of 8 will result in case insensitive passwords as seen from Windows +users. This will also result in longer login times as Samba +hash to compute the permutations of the password string and +try them one by one until a match is located (or all combinations fail).</P +><P +>The best option to adopt is to enable support for encrypted passwords +where ever Samba is used. There are three configuration possibilities +for support of encrypted passwords:</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1542">10.5.1. Use MS Windows NT as an authentication server</H2 +><P +>This method involves the additions of the following parameters +in the smb.conf file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> encrypt passwords = Yes + security = server + password server = "NetBIOS_name_of_PDC"</PRE +></P +><P +>There are two ways of identifying whether or not a username and +password pair was valid or not. One uses the reply information provided +as part of the authentication messaging process, the other uses +just and error code.</P +><P +>The down-side of this mode of configuration is the fact that +for security reasons Samba will send the password server a bogus +username and a bogus password and if the remote server fails to +reject the username and password pair then an alternative mode +of identification of validation is used. Where a site uses password +lock out after a certain number of failed authentication attempts +this will result in user lockouts.</P +><P +>Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be +a standard Unix account for the user, this account can be blocked +to prevent logons by other than MS Windows clients.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1550">10.5.2. Make Samba a member of an MS Windows NT security domain</H2 +><P +>This method involves additon of the following paramters in the smb.conf file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> encrypt passwords = Yes + security = domain + workgroup = "name of NT domain" + password server = *</PRE +></P +><P +>The use of the "*" argument to "password server" will cause samba +to locate the domain controller in a way analogous to the way +this is done within MS Windows NT.</P +><P +>In order for this method to work the Samba server needs to join the +MS Windows NT security domain. This is done as follows:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>On the MS Windows NT domain controller using + the Server Manager add a machine account for the Samba server. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Next, on the Linux system execute: + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd -r PDC_NAME -j DOMAIN_NAME</B +> + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be +a standard Unix account for the user in order to assign +a uid once the account has been authenticated by the remote +Windows DC. This account can be blocked to prevent logons by +other than MS Windows clients by things such as setting an invalid +shell in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entry.</P +><P +>An alternative to assigning UIDs to Windows users on a +Samba member server is presented in the <A +HREF="winbind.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Winbind Overview</A +> chapter in +this HOWTO collection.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1567">10.5.3. Configure Samba as an authentication server</H2 +><P +>This mode of authentication demands that there be on the +Unix/Linux system both a Unix style account as well as an +smbpasswd entry for the user. The Unix system account can be +locked if required as only the encrypted password will be +used for SMB client authentication.</P +><P +>This method involves addition of the following parameters to +the smb.conf file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>## please refer to the Samba PDC HOWTO chapter later in +## this collection for more details +[global] + encrypt passwords = Yes + security = user + domain logons = Yes + ; an OS level of 33 or more is recommended + os level = 33 + +[NETLOGON] + path = /somewhare/in/file/system + read only = yes</PRE +></P +><P +>in order for this method to work a Unix system account needs +to be created for each user, as well as for each MS Windows NT/2000 +machine. The following structure is required.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1574">10.5.3.1. Users</H3 +><P +>A user account that may provide a home directory should be +created. The following Linux system commands are typical of +the procedure for creating an account.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> # useradd -s /bin/bash -d /home/"userid" -m "userid" + # passwd "userid" + Enter Password: <pw> + + # smbpasswd -a "userid" + Enter Password: <pw></PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1579">10.5.3.2. MS Windows NT Machine Accounts</H3 +><P +>These are required only when Samba is used as a domain +controller. Refer to the Samba-PDC-HOWTO for more details.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> # useradd -s /bin/false -d /dev/null "machine_name"\$ + # passwd -l "machine_name"\$ + # smbpasswd -a -m "machine_name"</PRE +></P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1584">10.6. Conclusions</H1 +><P +>Samba provides a flexible means to operate as...</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>A Stand-alone server - No special action is needed + other than to create user accounts. Stand-alone servers do NOT + provide network logon services, meaning that machines that use this + server do NOT perform a domain logon but instead make use only of + the MS Windows logon which is local to the MS Windows + workstation/server. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An MS Windows NT 3.x/4.0 security domain member. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>An alternative to an MS Windows NT 3.x/4.0 + Domain Controller. + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Optional configuration</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/interdomaintrusts.html b/docs/htmldocs/interdomaintrusts.html deleted file mode 100644 index c9fe4a533f..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/interdomaintrusts.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,451 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Interdomain Trust Relationships</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Desktop Profile Management" -HREF="profilemgmt.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication" -HREF="pam.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="profilemgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="pam.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="INTERDOMAINTRUSTS" -></A ->Chapter 19. Interdomain Trust Relationships</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->19.1. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3446" ->Trust Relationship Background</A -></DT -><DT ->19.2. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3455" ->Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->19.2.1. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3458" ->NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</A -></DT -><DT ->19.2.2. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3461" ->NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->19.3. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3464" ->Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->19.3.1. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3468" ->Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</A -></DT -><DT ->19.3.2. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3480" ->Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -></DL -></DIV -><P ->Samba-3 supports NT4 style domain trust relationships. This is feature that many sites -will want to use if they migrate to Samba-3 from and NT4 style domain and do NOT want to -adopt Active Directory or an LDAP based authentication back end. This section explains -some background information regarding trust relationships and how to create them. It is now -possible for Samba-3 to NT4 trust (and vice versa), as well as Samba3 to Samba3 trusts.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3446" ->19.1. Trust Relationship Background</A -></H1 -><P ->MS Windows NT3.x/4.0 type security domains employ a non-hierarchical security structure. -The limitations of this architecture as it affects the scalability of MS Windows networking -in large organisations is well known. Additionally, the flat-name space that results from -this design significantly impacts the delegation of administrative responsibilities in -large and diverse organisations.</P -><P ->Microsoft developed Active Directory Service (ADS), based on Kerberos and LDAP, as a means -of circumventing the limitations of the older technologies. Not every organisation is ready -or willing to embrace ADS. For small companies the older NT4 style domain security paradigm -is quite adequate, there thus remains an entrenched user base for whom there is no direct -desire to go through a disruptive change to adopt ADS.</P -><P ->Microsoft introduced with MS Windows NT the ability to allow differing security domains -to affect a mechanism so that users from one domain may be given access rights and privileges -in another domain. The language that describes this capability is couched in terms of -<SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Trusts</I -></SPAN ->. Specifically, one domain will <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->trust</I -></SPAN -> the users -from another domain. The domain from which users are available to another security domain is -said to be a trusted domain. The domain in which those users have assigned rights and privileges -is the trusting domain. With NT3.x/4.0 all trust relationships are always in one direction only, -thus if users in both domains are to have privileges and rights in each others' domain, then it is -necessary to establish two (2) relationships, one in each direction.</P -><P ->In an NT4 style MS security domain, all trusts are non-transitive. This means that if there -are three (3) domains (let's call them RED, WHITE, and BLUE) where RED and WHITE have a trust -relationship, and WHITE and BLUE have a trust relationship, then it holds that there is no -implied trust between the RED and BLUE domains. ie: Relationships are explicit and not -transitive.</P -><P ->New to MS Windows 2000 ADS security contexts is the fact that trust relationships are two-way -by default. Also, all inter-ADS domain trusts are transitive. In the case of the RED, WHITE and BLUE -domains above, with Windows 2000 and ADS the RED and BLUE domains CAN trust each other. This is -an inherent feature of ADS domains. Samba-3 implements MS Windows NT4 -style Interdomain trusts and interoperates with MS Windows 200x ADS -security domains in similar manner to MS Windows NT4 style domains.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3455" ->19.2. Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</A -></H1 -><P ->There are two steps to creating an interdomain trust relationship.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3458" ->19.2.1. NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</A -></H2 -><P ->For MS Windows NT4, all domain trust relationships are configured using the Domain User Manager. -To affect a two way trust relationship it is necessary for each domain administrator to make -available (for use by an external domain) it's security resources. This is done from the Domain -User Manager Policies entry on the menu bar. From the Policy menu, select Trust Relationships, then -next to the lower box that is labelled "Permitted to Trust this Domain" are two buttons, "Add" and -"Remove". The "Add" button will open a panel in which needs to be entered the remote domain that -will be able to assign user rights to your domain. In addition it is necessary to enter a password -that is specific to this trust relationship. The password needs to be -typed twice (for standard confirmation).</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3461" ->19.2.2. NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</A -></H2 -><P ->A trust relationship will work only when the other (trusting) domain makes the appropriate connections -with the trusted domain. To consumate the trust relationship the administrator will launch the -Domain User Manager, from the menu select Policies, then select Trust Relationships, then click on the -"Add" button that is next to the box that is labelled "Trusted Domains". A panel will open in -which must be entered the name of the remote domain as well as the password assigned to that trust.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3464" ->19.3. Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</A -></H1 -><P ->This description is meant to be a fairly short introduction about how to set up a Samba server so -that it could participate in interdomain trust relationships. Trust relationship support in Samba -is in its early stage, so lot of things don't work yet.</P -><P ->Each of the procedures described below is treated as they were performed with Windows NT4 Server on -one end. The remote end could just as well be another Samba-3 domain. It can be clearly seen, after -reading this document, that combining Samba-specific parts of what's written below leads to trust -between domains in purely Samba environment.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3468" ->19.3.1. Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</A -></H2 -><P ->In order to set Samba PDC to be trusted party of the relationship first you need -to create special account for the domain that will be the trusting party. To do that, -you can use the 'smbpasswd' utility. Creating the trusted domain account is very -similiar to creating a trusted machine account. Suppose, your domain is -called SAMBA, and the remote domain is called RUMBA. The first step -will be to issue this command from your favourite shell:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="SCREEN" -> <SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->deity#</SAMP -> <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->smbpasswd -a -i rumba</KBD -> - New SMB password: XXXXXXXX - Retype SMB password: XXXXXXXX - Added user rumba$</PRE -> - -where <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-a</VAR -> means to add a new account into the -passdb database and <VAR -CLASS="PARAMETER" ->-i</VAR -> means: ''create this -account with the InterDomain trust flag''</P -><P ->The account name will be 'rumba$' (the name of the remote domain)</P -><P ->After issuing this command you'll be asked to enter the password for -the account. You can use any password you want, but be aware that Windows NT will -not change this password until 7 days following account creation. -After the command returns successfully, you can look at the entry for new account -(in the way depending on your configuration) and see that account's name is -really RUMBA$ and it has 'I' flag in the flags field. Now you're ready to confirm -the trust by establishing it from Windows NT Server.</P -><P ->Open 'User Manager for Domains' and from menu 'Policies' select 'Trust Relationships...'. -Right beside 'Trusted domains' list box press 'Add...' button. You will be prompted for -the trusted domain name and the relationship password. Type in SAMBA, as this is -your domain name, and the password used at the time of account creation. -Press OK and, if everything went without incident, you will see 'Trusted domain relationship -successfully established' message.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3480" ->19.3.2. Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</A -></H2 -><P ->This time activities are somewhat reversed. Again, we'll assume that your domain -controlled by the Samba PDC is called SAMBA and NT-controlled domain is called RUMBA.</P -><P ->The very first thing requirement is to add an account for the SAMBA domain on RUMBA's PDC.</P -><P ->Launch the Domain User Manager, then from the menu select 'Policies', 'Trust Relationships'. -Now, next to 'Trusted Domains' box press the 'Add' button, and type in the name of the trusted -domain (SAMBA) and password securing the relationship.</P -><P ->The password can be arbitrarily chosen. It is easy to change it the password -from Samba server whenever you want. After confirming the password your account is -ready for use. Now it's Samba's turn.</P -><P ->Using your favourite shell while being logged in as root, issue this command:</P -><P -><SAMP -CLASS="PROMPT" ->deity# </SAMP -><KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net rpc trustdom establish rumba</KBD -></P -><P ->You will be prompted for the password you just typed on your Windows NT4 Server box. -Don not worry if you see an error message that mentions a returned code of -<SPAN -CLASS="ERRORNAME" ->NT_STATUS_NOLOGON_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_ACCOUNT</SPAN ->. It means the -password you gave is correct and the NT4 Server says the account is -ready for interdomain connection and not for ordinary -connection. After that, be patient it can take a while (especially -in large networks), you should see the 'Success' message. Congratulations! Your trust -relationship has just been established.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Note that you have to run this command as root because you must have write access to -the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->secrets.tdb</TT -> file.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="profilemgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="pam.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Desktop Profile Management</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/introduction.html b/docs/htmldocs/introduction.html index f54776747c..762d56ba6a 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/introduction.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/introduction.html @@ -1,6 +1,421 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Part I. General Installation</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="previous" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="next" href="IntroSMB.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Part I. General Installation</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="IntroSMB.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="introduction"></a>General Installation</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2861627"></a>Preparing Samba for Configuration</h1></div></div><p>This section of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection contains general info on how to install samba +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>General installation</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="How to Install and Test SAMBA" +HREF="install.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="install.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="INTRODUCTION"><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>I. General installation</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN21"><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>This part contains general info on how to install samba and how to configure the parts of samba you will most likely need. -PLEASE read this.</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>1. <a href="IntroSMB.html">Introduction to Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2810945">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2811002">Terminology</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2811109">Related Projects</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2810650">SMB Methodology</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2807791">Additional Resources</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2810803">Epilogue</a></dt><dt><a href="IntroSMB.html#id2810879">Miscellaneous</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>2. <a href="install.html">How to Install and Test SAMBA</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2812103">Obtaining and installing samba</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2812254">Configuring samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="install.html#id2812000">Editing the smb.conf file</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2875811">SWAT</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="install.html#id2875850">Try listing the shares available on your - server</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2875900">Try connecting with the unix client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876004">Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</a></dt><dt><a href="install.html#id2876065">What If Things Don't Work?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="index.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="IntroSMB.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">SAMBA Project Documentation </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +PLEASE read this.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>1. <A +HREF="install.html" +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN26" +>Read the man pages</A +></DT +><DT +>1.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN36" +>Building the Binaries</A +></DT +><DT +>1.3. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN64" +>The all important step</A +></DT +><DT +>1.4. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN68" +>Create the smb configuration file.</A +></DT +><DT +>1.5. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN82" +>Test your config file with + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +></A +></DT +><DT +>1.6. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN90" +>Starting the smbd and nmbd</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.6.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN100" +>Starting from inetd.conf</A +></DT +><DT +>1.6.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN129" +>Alternative: starting it as a daemon</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>1.7. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN145" +>Try listing the shares available on your + server</A +></DT +><DT +>1.8. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN154" +>Try connecting with the unix client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.9. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN170" +>Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, + Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN184" +>What If Things Don't Work?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.10.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN189" +>Diagnosing Problems</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN193" +>Scope IDs</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.3. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN196" +>Choosing the Protocol Level</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.4. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN205" +>Printing from UNIX to a Client PC</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.5. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN210" +>Locking</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.6. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN219" +>Mapping Usernames</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>2. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +>Improved browsing in samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>2.1. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN229" +>Overview of browsing</A +></DT +><DT +>2.2. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN233" +>Browsing support in samba</A +></DT +><DT +>2.3. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN242" +>Problem resolution</A +></DT +><DT +>2.4. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN249" +>Browsing across subnets</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>2.4.1. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN254" +>How does cross subnet browsing work ?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>2.5. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN289" +>Setting up a WINS server</A +></DT +><DT +>2.6. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN308" +>Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A +></DT +><DT +>2.7. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN326" +>Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A +></DT +><DT +>2.8. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN336" +>Forcing samba to be the master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.9. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN345" +>Making samba the domain master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.10. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN363" +>Note about broadcast addresses</A +></DT +><DT +>2.11. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN366" +>Multiple interfaces</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>3. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +>Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>3.1. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN377" +>Discussion</A +></DT +><DT +>3.2. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN385" +>Use of the "Remote Announce" parameter</A +></DT +><DT +>3.3. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN399" +>Use of the "Remote Browse Sync" parameter</A +></DT +><DT +>3.4. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN404" +>Use of WINS</A +></DT +><DT +>3.5. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN415" +>Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</A +></DT +><DT +>3.6. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN421" +>Name Resolution Order</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>4. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>4.1. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN457" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>4.2. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN462" +>Important Notes About Security</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>4.2.1. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN481" +>Advantages of SMB Encryption</A +></DT +><DT +>4.2.2. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN488" +>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>4.3. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN497" +>The smbpasswd Command</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="install.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/introsmb.html b/docs/htmldocs/introsmb.html deleted file mode 100644 index 52db6a8a95..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/introsmb.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,659 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Introduction to Samba</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="General installation" -HREF="introduction.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="General installation" -HREF="introduction.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="How to Install and Test SAMBA" -HREF="install.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="introduction.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="install.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="INTROSMB" -></A ->Chapter 1. Introduction to Samba</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->1.1. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN61" ->Background</A -></DT -><DT ->1.2. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN67" ->Terminology</A -></DT -><DT ->1.3. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN91" ->Related Projects</A -></DT -><DT ->1.4. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN100" ->SMB Methodology</A -></DT -><DT ->1.5. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN115" ->Additional Resources</A -></DT -><DT ->1.6. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN151" ->Epilogue</A -></DT -><DT ->1.7. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN162" ->Miscellaneous</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->"If you understand what you're doing, you're not learning anything." --- Anonymous</I -></SPAN -></P -><P ->Samba is a file and print server for Windows-based clients using TCP/IP as the underlying -transport protocol. In fact, it can support any SMB/CIFS-enabled client. One of Samba's big -strengths is that you can use it to blend your mix of Windows and Linux machines together -without requiring a separate Windows NT/2000/2003 Server. Samba is actively being developed -by a global team of about 30 active programmers and was originally developed by Andrew Tridgell.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN61" ->1.1. Background</A -></H1 -><P ->Once long ago, there was a buzzword referred to as DCE/RPC. This stood for Distributed -Computing Environment/Remote Procedure Calls and conceptually was a good idea. It was -originally developed by Apollo/HP as NCA 1.0 (Network Computing Architecture) and only -ran over UDP. When there was a need to run it over TCP so that it would be compatible -with DECnet 3.0, it was redesigned, submitted to The Open Group, and officially became -known as DCE/RPC. Microsoft came along and decided, rather than pay $20 per seat to -license this technology, to reimplement DCE/RPC themselves as MSRPC. From this, the -concept continued in the form of SMB (Server Message Block, or the "what") using the -NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System, or the "how") compatibility layer. You can -run SMB (i.e., transport) over several different protocols; many different implementations -arose as a result, including NBIPX (NetBIOS over IPX, NwLnkNb, or NWNBLink) and NBT -(NetBIOS over TCP/IP, or NetBT). As the years passed, NBT became the most common form -of implementation until the advance of "Direct-Hosted TCP" -- the Microsoft marketing -term for eliminating NetBIOS entirely and running SMB by itself across TCP port 445 -only. As of yet, direct-hosted TCP has yet to catch on.</P -><P ->Perhaps the best summary of the origins of SMB are voiced in the 1997 article titled, CIFS: -Common Insecurities Fail Scrutiny:</P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Several megabytes of NT-security archives, random whitepapers, RFCs, the CIFS spec, the Samba -stuff, a few MS knowledge-base articles, strings extracted from binaries, and packet dumps have -been dutifully waded through during the information-gathering stages of this project, and there -are *still* many missing pieces... While often tedious, at least the way has been generously -littered with occurrences of clapping hand to forehead and muttering 'crikey, what are they -thinking?</I -></SPAN -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN67" ->1.2. Terminology</A -></H1 -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> SMB: Acronym for "Server Message Block". This is Microsoft's file and printer sharing protocol. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> CIFS: Acronym for "Common Internet File System". Around 1996, Microsoft apparently - decided that SMB needed the word "Internet" in it, so they changed it to CIFS. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Direct-Hosted: A method of providing file/printer sharing services over port 445/tcp - only using DNS for name resolution instead of WINS. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> IPC: Acronym for "Inter-Process Communication". A method to communicate specific - information between programs. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Marshalling: - A method of serializing (i.e., sequential ordering of) variable data - suitable for transmission via a network connection or storing in a file. The source - data can be re-created using a similar process called unmarshalling. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> NetBIOS: Acronym for "Network Basic Input/Output System". This is not a protocol; - it is a method of communication across an existing protocol. This is a standard which - was originally developed for IBM by Sytek in 1983. To exaggerate the analogy a bit, - it can help to think of this in comparison your computer's BIOS -- it controls the - essential functions of your input/output hardware -- whereas NetBIOS controls the - essential functions of your input/output traffic via the network. Again, this is a bit - of an exaggeration but it should help that paradigm shift. What is important to realize - is that NetBIOS is a transport standard, not a protocol. Unfortunately, even technically - brilliant people tend to interchange NetBIOS with terms like NetBEUI without a second - thought; this will cause no end (and no doubt) of confusion. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> NetBEUI: Acronym for the "NetBIOS Extended User Interface". Unlike NetBIOS, NetBEUI - is a protocol, not a standard. It is also not routable, so traffic on one side of a - router will be unable to communicate with the other side. Understanding NetBEUI is - not essential to deciphering SMB; however it helps to point out that it is not the - same as NetBIOS and to improve your score in trivia at parties. NetBEUI was originally - referred to by Microsoft as "NBF", or "The Windows NT NetBEUI Frame protocol driver". - It is not often heard from these days. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> NBT: Acronym for "NetBIOS over TCP"; also known as "NetBT". Allows the continued use - of NetBIOS traffic proxied over TCP/IP. As a result, NetBIOS names are made - to IP addresses and NetBIOS name types are conceptually equivalent to TCP/IP ports. - This is how file and printer sharing are accomplished in Windows 95/98/ME. They - traditionally rely on three ports: NetBIOS Name Service (nbname) via UDP port 137, - NetBIOS Datagram Service (nbdatagram) via UDP port 138, and NetBIOS Session Service - (nbsession) via TCP port 139. All name resolution is done via WINS, NetBIOS broadcasts, - and DNS. NetBIOS over TCP is documented in RFC 1001 (Concepts and methods) and RFC 1002 - (Detailed specifications). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> W2K: Acronym for Windows 2000 Professional or Server - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> W3K: Acronym for Windows 2003 Server - </P -></LI -></UL -><P ->If you plan on getting help, make sure to subscribe to the Samba Mailing List (available at -http://www.samba.org). Optionally, you could just search mailing.unix.samba at http://groups.google.com</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN91" ->1.3. Related Projects</A -></H1 -><P ->Currently, there are two projects that are directly related to Samba: SMBFS and CIFS network -client file systems for Linux, both available in the Linux kernel itself.</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> SMBFS (Server Message Block File System) allows you to mount SMB shares (the protocol - that Microsoft Windows and OS/2 Lan Manager use to share files and printers - over local networks) and access them just like any other Unix directory. This is useful - if you just want to mount such filesystems without being a SMBFS server. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> CIFS (Common Internet File System) is the successor to SMB, and is actively being worked - on in the upcoming version of the Linux kernel. The intent of this module is to - provide advanced network file system functionality including support for dfs (heirarchical - name space), secure per-user session establishment, safe distributed caching (oplock), - optional packet signing, Unicode and other internationalization improvements, and optional - Winbind (nsswitch) integration. - </P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Again, it's important to note that these are implementations for client filesystems, and have -nothing to do with acting as a file and print server for SMB/CIFS clients.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN100" ->1.4. SMB Methodology</A -></H1 -><P ->Traditionally, SMB uses UDP port 137 (NetBIOS name service, or netbios-ns), -UDP port 138 (NetBIOS datagram service, or netbios-dgm), and TCP port 139 (NetBIOS -session service, or netbios-ssn). Anyone looking at their network with a good -packet sniffer will be amazed at the amount of traffic generated by just opening -up a single file. In general, SMB sessions are established in the following order:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> "TCP Connection" - establish 3-way handshake (connection) to port 139/tcp - or 445/tcp. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> "NetBIOS Session Request" - using the following "Calling Names": The local - machine's NetBIOS name plus the 16th character 0x00; The server's NetBIOS - name plus the 16th character 0x20 - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> "SMB Negotiate Protocol" - determine the protocol dialect to use, which will - be one of the following: PC Network Program 1.0 (Core) - share level security - mode only; Microsoft Networks 1.03 (Core Plus) - share level security - mode only; Lanman1.0 (LAN Manager 1.0) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication; Lanman2.1 (LAN Manager 2.1) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication; NT LM 0.12 (NT LM 0.12) - uses Challenge/Response - Authentication - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> SMB Session Startup. Passwords are encrypted (or not) according to one of - the following methods: Null (no encryption); Cleartext (no encryption); LM - and NTLM; NTLM; NTLMv2 - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> SMB Tree Connect: Connect to a share name (e.g., \\servername\share); Connect - to a service type (e.g., IPC$ named pipe) - </P -></LI -></UL -><P ->A good way to examine this process in depth is to try out SecurityFriday's SWB program -at http://www.securityfriday.com/ToolDownload/SWB/swb_doc.html. It allows you to -walk through the establishment of a SMB/CIFS session step by step.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN115" ->1.5. Additional Resources</A -></H1 -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->CIFS: Common Insecurities Fail Scrutiny</I -></SPAN -> by "Hobbit", - http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/cifs.txt - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Doing the Samba on Windows</I -></SPAN -> by Financial Review, - http://afr.com/it/2002/10/01/FFXDF43AP6D.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Implementing CIFS</I -></SPAN -> by Christopher R. Hertel, - http://ubiqx.org/cifs/ - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Just What Is SMB?</I -></SPAN -> by Richard Sharpe, - http://samba.anu.edu.au/cifs/docs/what-is-smb.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Opening Windows Everywhere</I -></SPAN -> by Mike Warfield, - http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-05/samba_01.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->SMB HOWTO</I -></SPAN -> by David Wood, - http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/SMB-HOWTO.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->SMB/CIFS by The Root</I -></SPAN -> by "ledin", - http://www.phrack.org/phrack/60/p60-0x0b.txt - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->The Story of Samba</I -></SPAN -> by Christopher R. Hertel, - http://www.linux-mag.com/1999-09/samba_01.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->The Unofficial Samba HOWTO</I -></SPAN -> by David Lechnyr, - http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/samba/ - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Understanding the Network Neighborhood</I -></SPAN -> by Christopher R. Hertel, - http://www.linux-mag.com/2001-05/smb_01.html - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Using Samba as a PDC</I -></SPAN -> by Andrew Bartlett, - http://www.linux-mag.com/2002-02/samba_01.html - </P -></LI -></UL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN151" ->1.6. Epilogue</A -></H1 -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->"What's fundamentally wrong is that nobody ever had any taste when they -did it. Microsoft has been very much into making the user interface look good, -but internally it's just a complete mess. And even people who program for Microsoft -and who have had years of experience, just don't know how it works internally. -Worse, nobody dares change it. Nobody dares to fix bugs because it's such a -mess that fixing one bug might just break a hundred programs that depend on -that bug. And Microsoft isn't interested in anyone fixing bugs -- they're interested -in making money. They don't have anybody who takes pride in Windows 95 as an -operating system.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->People inside Microsoft know it's a bad operating system and they still -continue obviously working on it because they want to get the next version out -because they want to have all these new features to sell more copies of the -system.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->The problem with that is that over time, when you have this kind of approach, -and because nobody understands it, because nobody REALLY fixes bugs (other than -when they're really obvious), the end result is really messy. You can't trust -it because under certain circumstances it just spontaneously reboots or just -halts in the middle of something that shouldn't be strange. Normally it works -fine and then once in a blue moon for some completely unknown reason, it's dead, -and nobody knows why. Not Microsoft, not the experienced user and certainly -not the completely clueless user who probably sits there shivering thinking -"What did I do wrong?" when they didn't do anything wrong at all.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->That's what's really irritating to me."</I -></SPAN -></P -><P ->-- Linus Torvalds, from an interview with BOOT Magazine, Sept 1998 -(http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/boot.txt)</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN162" ->1.7. Miscellaneous</A -></H1 -><P ->This chapter was lovingly handcrafted on a Dell Latitude C400 laptop running Slackware Linux 9.0, -in case anyone asks.</P -><P ->This chapter is Copyright © 2003 David Lechnyr (david at lechnyr dot com). -Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms -of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free -Software Foundation. A copy of the license is available at http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl.txt.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="introduction.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="install.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->General installation</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="introduction.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->How to Install and Test SAMBA</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/lmhosts.5.html b/docs/htmldocs/lmhosts.5.html index 9995b6937a..4d7f11e64b 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/lmhosts.5.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/lmhosts.5.html @@ -1,37 +1,210 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>lmhosts</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="lmhosts.5"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>lmhosts — The Samba NetBIOS hosts file</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><p><tt>lmhosts</tt> is the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> NetBIOS name to IP address mapping file.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This file is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><tt>lmhosts</tt> is the <span class="emphasis"><em>Samba - </em></span> NetBIOS name to IP address mapping file. It - is very similar to the <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> file +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>lmhosts</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="LMHOSTS" +></A +>lmhosts</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>lmhosts -- The Samba NetBIOS hosts file</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>lmhosts</TT +> is the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> NetBIOS name to IP address mapping file.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN12" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This file is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>lmhosts</TT +> is the <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Samba + </I +></SPAN +> NetBIOS name to IP address mapping file. It + is very similar to the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> file format, except that the hostname component must correspond - to the NetBIOS naming format.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILE FORMAT</h2><p>It is an ASCII file containing one line for NetBIOS name. + to the NetBIOS naming format.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN20" +></A +><H2 +>FILE FORMAT</H2 +><P +>It is an ASCII file containing one line for NetBIOS name. The two fields on each line are separated from each other by white space. Any entry beginning with '#' is ignored. Each line - in the lmhosts file contains the following information:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>IP Address - in dotted decimal format.</p></li><li><p>NetBIOS Name - This name format is a + in the lmhosts file contains the following information :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>IP Address - in dotted decimal format.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>NetBIOS Name - This name format is a maximum fifteen character host name, with an optional trailing '#' character followed by the NetBIOS name type - as two hexadecimal digits.</p><p>If the trailing '#' is omitted then the given IP + as two hexadecimal digits.</P +><P +>If the trailing '#' is omitted then the given IP address will be returned for all names that match the given - name, whatever the NetBIOS name type in the lookup.</p></li></ul></div><p>An example follows:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -# + name, whatever the NetBIOS name type in the lookup.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>An example follows :</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +># # Sample Samba lmhosts file. # 192.9.200.1 TESTPC 192.9.200.20 NTSERVER#20 192.9.200.21 SAMBASERVER - </pre><p>Contains three IP to NetBIOS name mappings. The first - and third will be returned for any queries for the names "TESTPC" - and "SAMBASERVER" respectively, whatever the type component of - the NetBIOS name requested.</p><p>The second mapping will be returned only when the "0x20" name - type for a name "NTSERVER" is queried. Any other name type will not - be resolved.</p><p>The default location of the <tt>lmhosts</tt> file - is in the same directory as the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>, and <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a> - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + </PRE +></P +><P +>Contains three IP to NetBIOS name mappings. The first + and third will be returned for any queries for the names "TESTPC" + and "SAMBASERVER" respectively, whatever the type component of + the NetBIOS name requested.</P +><P +>The second mapping will be returned only when the "0x20" name + type for a name "NTSERVER" is queried. Any other name type will not + be resolved.</P +><P +>The default location of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>lmhosts</TT +> file + is in the same directory as the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> + smb.conf(5)></A +> file.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN37" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN40" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1) + </B +></A +>, <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NAMERESOLVEORDER" +TARGET="_top" +> smb.conf(5)</A +>, and <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN48" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open Source software, available at - <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook - XML 4.2 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/msdfs.html b/docs/htmldocs/msdfs.html index cb7592214e..f6fe1c7e1d 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/msdfs.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/msdfs.html @@ -1,29 +1,151 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="VFS.html" title="Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules"><link rel="next" href="integrate-ms-networks.html" title="Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="VFS.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="integrate-ms-networks.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="msdfs"></a>Chapter 22. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Shirish Kalele</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team & Veritas Software<br></span><div class="address"><p><br> - <tt><<a href="mailto:samba@samba.org">samba@samba.org</a>></tt><br> - </p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Jul 2000</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="msdfs.html#id2899111">Instructions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="msdfs.html#id2899858">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2899111"></a>Instructions</h2></div></div><p>The Distributed File System (or Dfs) provides a means of +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication" +HREF="pam.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Printing Support" +HREF="printing.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pam.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="printing.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="MSDFS">Chapter 13. Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1859">13.1. Instructions</H1 +><P +>The Distributed File System (or Dfs) provides a means of separating the logical view of files and directories that users see from the actual physical locations of these resources on the network. It allows for higher availability, smoother storage expansion, - load balancing etc. For more information about Dfs, refer to <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/NTServer/nts/downloads/winfeatures/NTSDistrFile/AdminGuide.asp" target="_top"> - Microsoft documentation</a>. </p><p>This document explains how to host a Dfs tree on a Unix - machine (for Dfs-aware clients to browse) using Samba.</p><p>To enable SMB-based DFS for Samba, configure it with the - <i><tt>--with-msdfs</tt></i> option. Once built, a + load balancing etc. For more information about Dfs, refer to <A +HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/NTServer/nts/downloads/winfeatures/NTSDistrFile/AdminGuide.asp" +TARGET="_top" +> Microsoft documentation</A +>. </P +><P +>This document explains how to host a Dfs tree on a Unix + machine (for Dfs-aware clients to browse) using Samba.</P +><P +>To enable SMB-based DFS for Samba, configure it with the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-msdfs</I +></TT +> option. Once built, a Samba server can be made a Dfs server by setting the global - boolean <a href="smb.conf.5.html#HOSTMSDFS" target="_top"><i><tt> - host msdfs</tt></i></a> parameter in the <tt>smb.conf - </tt> file. You designate a share as a Dfs root using the share - level boolean <a href="smb.conf.5.html#MSDFSROOT" target="_top"><i><tt> - msdfs root</tt></i></a> parameter. A Dfs root directory on + boolean <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#HOSTMSDFS" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> host msdfs</I +></TT +></A +> parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf + </TT +> file. You designate a share as a Dfs root using the share + level boolean <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#MSDFSROOT" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> msdfs root</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. A Dfs root directory on Samba hosts Dfs links in the form of symbolic links that point to other servers. For example, a symbolic link - <tt>junction->msdfs:storage1\share1</tt> in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>junction->msdfs:storage1\share1</TT +> in the share directory acts as the Dfs junction. When Dfs-aware clients attempt to access the junction link, they are redirected - to the storage location (in this case, \\storage1\share1).</p><p>Dfs trees on Samba work with all Dfs-aware clients ranging - from Windows 95 to 2000.</p><p>Here's an example of setting up a Dfs tree on a Samba - server.</p><pre class="programlisting"> -# The smb.conf file: + to the storage location (in this case, \\storage1\share1).</P +><P +>Dfs trees on Samba work with all Dfs-aware clients ranging + from Windows 95 to 2000.</P +><P +>Here's an example of setting up a Dfs tree on a Samba + server.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +># The smb.conf file: [global] netbios name = SAMBA host msdfs = yes @@ -31,21 +153,169 @@ [dfs] path = /export/dfsroot msdfs root = yes - </pre><p>In the /export/dfsroot directory we set up our dfs links to - other servers on the network.</p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>cd /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>chown root /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>chmod 755 /export/dfsroot</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>ln -s msdfs:storageA\\shareA linka</tt></b></p><p><tt>root# </tt><b><tt>ln -s msdfs:serverB\\share,serverC\\share linkb</tt></b></p><p>You should set up the permissions and ownership of + </PRE +></P +><P +>In the /export/dfsroot directory we set up our dfs links to + other servers on the network.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>cd /export/dfsroot</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>chown root /export/dfsroot</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>chmod 755 /export/dfsroot</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>ln -s msdfs:storageA\\shareA linka</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>ln -s msdfs:serverB\\share,serverC\\share linkb</B +></TT +></P +><P +>You should set up the permissions and ownership of the directory acting as the Dfs root such that only designated users can create, delete or modify the msdfs links. Also note that symlink names should be all lowercase. This limitation exists to have Samba avoid trying all the case combinations to get at the link name. Finally set up the symbolic links to point to the - network shares you want, and start Samba.</p><p>Users on Dfs-aware clients can now browse the Dfs tree + network shares you want, and start Samba.</P +><P +>Users on Dfs-aware clients can now browse the Dfs tree on the Samba server at \\samba\dfs. Accessing links linka or linkb (which appear as directories to the client) - takes users directly to the appropriate shares on the network.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2899858"></a>Notes</h3></div></div><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Windows clients need to be rebooted + takes users directly to the appropriate shares on the network.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1894">13.1.1. Notes</H2 +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Windows clients need to be rebooted if a previously mounted non-dfs share is made a dfs root or vice versa. A better way is to introduce a - new share and make it the dfs root.</p></li><li><p>Currently there's a restriction that msdfs - symlink names should all be lowercase.</p></li><li><p>For security purposes, the directory + new share and make it the dfs root.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Currently there's a restriction that msdfs + symlink names should all be lowercase.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>For security purposes, the directory acting as the root of the Dfs tree should have ownership and permissions set so that only designated users can - modify the symbolic links in the directory.</p></li></ul></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="VFS.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="integrate-ms-networks.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 23. Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</td></tr></table></div></body></html> + modify the symbolic links in the directory.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pam.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="printing.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Printing Support</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/net.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/net.8.html index be30dbed05..b7ed1357c3 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/net.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/net.8.html @@ -1,146 +1,403 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>net</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="net.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>net — Tool for administration of Samba and remote - CIFS servers. - </p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>net</tt> {<ads|rap|rpc>} [-h] [-w workgroup] [-W myworkgroup] [-U user] [-I ip-address] [-p port] [-n myname] [-s conffile] [-S server] [-l] [-P] [-D debuglevel]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>The samba net utility is meant to work just like the net utility - available for windows and DOS. The first argument should be used - to specify the protocol to use when executing a certain command. - ADS is used for ActiveDirectory, RAP is using for old (Win9x/NT3) - clients and RPC can be used for NT4 and Windows 2000. If this - argument is omitted, net will try to determine it automatically. - Not all commands are available on all protocols. - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-w target-workgroup</span></dt><dd><p> - Sets target workgroup or domain. You have to specify - either this option or the IP address or the name of a server. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-W workgroup</span></dt><dd><p> - Sets client workgroup or domain - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U user</span></dt><dd><p> - User name to use - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-I ip-address</span></dt><dd><p> - IP address of target server to use. You have to - specify either this option or a target workgroup or - a target server. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p port</span></dt><dd><p> - Port on the target server to connect to (usually 139 or 445). - Defaults to trying 445 first, then 139. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n <primary NetBIOS name></span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override -the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical -to setting the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#netbiosname" target="_top"><i><tt>NetBIOS -name</tt></i></a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. However, a command -line setting will take precedence over settings in -<a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S server</span></dt><dd><p> - Name of target server. You should specify either - this option or a target workgroup or a target IP address. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l</span></dt><dd><p> - When listing data, give more information on each item. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-P</span></dt><dd><p> - Make queries to the external server using the machine account of the local server. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMMANDS</h2><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>TIME</h3><p>The <b>NET TIME</b> command allows you to view the time on a remote server - or synchronise the time on the local server with the time on the remote server.</p><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>TIME</h4><p>Without any options, the <b>NET TIME</b> command -displays the time on the remote server. -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>TIME SYSTEM</h4><p> Displays the time on the remote server in a format ready for <b>/bin/date</b></p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>TIME SET</h4><p>Tries to set the date and time of the local server to that on -the remote server using <b>/bin/date</b>. </p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>TIME ZONE</h4><p>Displays the timezone in hours from GMT on the remote computer.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|ADS] JOIN [TYPE] [-U username[%password]] [options]</h3><p> -Join a domain. If the account already exists on the server, and -[TYPE] is MEMBER, the machine will attempt to join automatically. -(Assuming that the machine has been created in server manager) -Otherwise, a password will be prompted for, and a new account may -be created.</p><p> -[TYPE] may be PDC, BDC or MEMBER to specify the type of server -joining the domain. -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC] OLDJOIN [options]</h3><p>Join a domain. Use the OLDJOIN option to join the domain -using the old style of domain joining - you need to create a trust -account in server manager first.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|ADS] USER</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] USER DELETE <i><tt>target</tt></i></h4><p>Delete specified user</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] USER LIST</h4><p>List all users</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] USER INFO <i><tt>target</tt></i></h4><p>List the domain groups of a the specified user.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] USER ADD <i><tt>name</tt></i> [password] [-F user flags] [-C comment]</h4><p>Add specified user.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|ADS] GROUP</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] GROUP [misc options] [targets]</h4><p>List user groups.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] GROUP DELETE <i><tt>name</tt></i> [misc. options]</h4><p>Delete specified group.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|ADS] GROUP ADD <i><tt>name</tt></i> [-C comment]</h4><p>Create specified group.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RAP|RPC] SHARE</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RAP|RPC] SHARE [misc. options] [targets]</h4><p>Enumerates all exported resources (network shares) on target server.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RAP|RPC] SHARE ADD <i><tt>name=serverpath</tt></i> [-C comment] [-M maxusers] [targets]</h4><p>Adds a share from a server (makes the export active). Maxusers -specifies the number of users that can be connected to the -share simultaneously.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>SHARE DELETE <i><tt>sharenam</tt></i></h4><p>Delete specified share.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|RAP] FILE</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|RAP] FILE</h4><p>List all open files on remote server.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|RAP] FILE CLOSE <i><tt>fileid</tt></i></h4><p>Close file with specified <i><tt>fileid</tt></i> on -remote server.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RPC|RAP] FILE INFO <i><tt>fileid</tt></i></h4><p> -Print information on specified <i><tt>fileid</tt></i>. -Currently listed are: file-id, username, locks, path, permissions. -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>[RAP|RPC] FILE USER</h4><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SESSION</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP SESSION</h4><p>Without any other options, SESSION enumerates all active SMB/CIFS -sessions on the target server.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP SESSION DELETE|CLOSE <i><tt>CLIENT_NAME</tt></i></h4><p>Close the specified sessions.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP SESSION INFO <i><tt>CLIENT_NAME</tt></i></h4><p>Give a list with all the open files in specified session.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP SERVER <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h3><p>List all servers in specified domain or workgroup. Defaults -to local domain.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP DOMAIN</h3><p>Lists all domains and workgroups visible on the -current network.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP PRINTQ</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP PRINTQ LIST <i><tt>QUEUE_NAME</tt></i></h4><p>Lists the specified print queue and print jobs on the server. -If the <i><tt>QUEUE_NAME</tt></i> is omitted, all -queues are listed.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP PRINTQ DELETE <i><tt>JOBID</tt></i></h4><p>Delete job with specified id.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP VALIDATE <i><tt>user</tt></i> [<i><tt>password</tt></i>]</h3><p> -Validate whether the specified user can log in to the -remote server. If the password is not specified on the commandline, it -will be prompted. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP GROUPMEMBER</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP GROUPMEMBER LIST <i><tt>GROUP</tt></i></h4><p>List all members of the specified group.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP GROUPMEMBER DELETE <i><tt>GROUP</tt></i> <i><tt>USER</tt></i></h4><p>Delete member from group.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP GROUPMEMBER ADD <i><tt>GROUP</tt></i> <i><tt>USER</tt></i></h4><p>Add member to group.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP ADMIN <i><tt>command</tt></i></h3><p>Execute the specified <i><tt>command</tt></i> on -the remote server. Only works with OS/2 servers. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP SERVICE</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP SERVICE START <i><tt>NAME</tt></i> [arguments...]</h4><p>Start the specified service on the remote server. Not implemented yet.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RAP SERVICE STOP</h4><p>Stop the specified service on the remote server.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RAP PASSWORD <i><tt>USER</tt></i> <i><tt>OLDPASS</tt></i> <i><tt>NEWPASS</tt></i></h3><p> -Change password of <i><tt>USER</tt></i> from <i><tt>OLDPASS</tt></i> to <i><tt>NEWPASS</tt></i>. -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>LOOKUP</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>LOOKUP HOST <i><tt>HOSTNAME</tt></i> [<i><tt>TYPE</tt></i>]</h4><p> -Lookup the IP address of the given host with the specified type (netbios suffix). -The type defaults to 0x20 (workstation). -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>LOOKUP LDAP [<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h4><p>Give IP address of LDAP server of specified <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>. Defaults to local domain.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>LOOKUP KDC [<i><tt>REALM</tt></i>]</h4><p>Give IP address of KDC for the specified <i><tt>REALM</tt></i>. -Defaults to local realm.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>LOOKUP DC [<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>]</h4><p>Give IP's of Domain Controllers for specified <i><tt> -DOMAIN</tt></i>. Defaults to local domain.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>LOOKUP MASTER <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h4><p>Give IP of master browser for specified <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> -or workgroup. Defaults to local domain.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>CACHE</h3><p>Samba uses a general caching interface called 'gencache'. It -can be controlled using 'NET CACHE'.</p><p>All the timeout parameters support the suffixes: - -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>s - Seconds</td></tr><tr><td>m - Minutes</td></tr><tr><td>h - Hours</td></tr><tr><td>d - Days</td></tr><tr><td>w - Weeks</td></tr></table><p> - -</p><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE ADD <i><tt>key</tt></i> <i><tt>data</tt></i> <i><tt>time-out</tt></i></h4><p>Add specified key+data to the cache with the given timeout.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE DEL <i><tt>key</tt></i></h4><p>Delete key from the cache.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE SET <i><tt>key</tt></i> <i><tt>data</tt></i> <i><tt>time-out</tt></i></h4><p>Update data of existing cache entry.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE SEARCH <i><tt>PATTERN</tt></i></h4><p>Search for the specified pattern in the cache data.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE LIST</h4><p> -List all current items in the cache. -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>CACHE FLUSH</h4><p>Remove all the current items from the cache.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>GETLOCALSID [DOMAIN]</h3><p>Print the SID of the specified domain, or if the parameter is -omitted, the SID of the domain the local server is in.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SETLOCALSID S-1-5-21-x-y-z</h3><p>Sets domain sid for the local server to the specified SID.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>GROUPMAP</h3><p>Manage the mappings between Windows group SIDs and UNIX groups. -Parameters take the for "parameter=value". Common options include:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>unixgroup - Name of the UNIX group</p></li><li><p>ntgroup - Name of the Windows NT group (must be - resolvable to a SID</p></li><li><p>rid - Unsigned 32-bit integer</p></li><li><p>sid - Full SID in the form of "S-1-..."</p></li><li><p>type - Type of the group; either 'domain', 'local', - or 'builtin'</p></li><li><p>comment - Freeform text description of the group</p></li></ul></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>GROUPMAP ADD</h4><p>Add a new group mapping entry</p><p>net groupmap add {rid=int|sid=string} unixgroup=string [type={domain|local|builtin}] [ntgroup=string] [comment=string]</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>GROUPMAP DELETE</h4><p>Delete a group mapping entry</p><p>net groupmap delete {ntgroup=string|sid=SID}</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>GROUPMAP MODIFY</h4><p>Update en existing group entry</p><p>net groupmap modify {ntgroup=string|sid=SID} [unixgroup=string] [comment=string] [type={domain|local}</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>GROUPMAP LIST</h4><p>List existing group mapping entries</p><p>net groupmap list [verbose] [ntgroup=string] [sid=SID]</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>MAXRID</h3><p>Prints out the highest RID currently in use on the local -server (by the active 'passdb backend'). -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RPC INFO</h3><p>Print information about the domain of the remote server, -such as domain name, domain sid and number of users and groups. -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|ADS] TESTJOIN</h3><p>Check whether participation in a domain is still valid.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>[RPC|ADS] CHANGETRUSTPW</h3><p>Force change of domain trust password.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RPC TRUSTDOM</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RPC TRUSTDOM ADD <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h4><p>Add a interdomain trust account for -<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> to the remote server. -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RPC TRUSTDOM DEL <i><tt>DOMAIM</tt></i></h4><p>Remove interdomain trust account for -<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> from the remote server. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Currently NOT implemented.</p></div></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RPC TRUSTDOM ESTABLISH <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h4><p> -Establish a trust relationship to a trusting domain. -Interdomain account must already be created on the remote PDC. -</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RPC TRUSTDOM REVOKE <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i></h4><p>Abandon relationship to trusted domain</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>RPC TRUSTDOM LIST</h4><p>List all current interdomain trust relationships.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>RPC ABORTSHUTDOWN</h3><p>Abort the shutdown of a remote server.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SHUTDOWN [-t timeout] [-r] [-f] [-C message]</h3><p>Shut down the remote server.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt><dd><p> -Reboot after shutdown. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt><dd><p> -Force shutting down all applications. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t timeout</span></dt><dd><p> -Timeout before system will be shut down. An interactive -user of the system can use this time to cancel the shutdown. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-C message</span></dt><dd><p>Display the specified message on the screen to -announce the shutdown.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SAMDUMP</h3><p>Print out sam database of remote server. You need -to run this on either a BDC. </p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>VAMPIRE</h3><p>Export users, aliases and groups from remote server to -local server. Can only be run an a BDC. -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>GETSID</h3><p>Fetch domain SID and store it in the local <tt>secrets.tdb</tt>. </p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>ADS LEAVE</h3><p>Make the remote host leave the domain it is part of. </p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>ADS STATUS</h3><p>Print out status of machine account of the local machine in ADS. -Prints out quite some debug info. Aimed at developers, regular -users should use <b>NET ADS TESTJOIN</b>.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>ADS PRINTER</h3><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>ADS PRINTER INFO [<i><tt>PRINTER</tt></i>] [<i><tt>SERVER</tt></i>]</h4><p> -Lookup info for <i><tt>PRINTER</tt></i> on <i><tt>SERVER</tt></i>. The printer name defaults to "*", the -server name defaults to the local host.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>ADS PRINTER PUBLISH <i><tt>PRINTER</tt></i></h4><p>Publish specified printer using ADS.</p></div><div class="refsect3" lang="en"><h4>ADS PRINTER REMOVE <i><tt>PRINTER</tt></i></h4><p>Remove specified printer from ADS directory.</p></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>ADS SEARCH <i><tt>EXPRESSION</tt></i> <i><tt>ATTRIBUTES...</tt></i></h3><p>Perform a raw LDAP search on a ADS server and dump the results. The -expression is a standard LDAP search expression, and the -attributes are a list of LDAP fields to show in the results.</p><p>Example: <b><tt>net ads search '(objectCategory=group)' sAMAccountName</tt></b> -</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>ADS DN <i><tt>DN</tt></i> <i><tt>(attributes)</tt></i></h3><p> -Perform a raw LDAP search on a ADS server and dump the results. The -DN standard LDAP DN, and the attributes are a list of LDAP fields -to show in the result. -</p><p>Example: <b><tt>net ads dn 'CN=administrator,CN=Users,DC=my,DC=domain' SAMAccountName</tt></b></p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>WORKGROUP</h3><p>Print out workgroup name for specified kerberos realm.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>HELP [COMMAND]</h3><p>Gives usage information for the specified command.</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is complete for version 3.0 of the Samba - suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>net</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="NET" +></A +>net</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>net -- Tool for administration of Samba and remote + CIFS servers.</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net</B +> {<ads|rap|rpc>} [-h] [-w workgroup] [-W myworkgroup] [-U user] [-I ip-address] [-p port] [-n myname] [-s conffile] [-S server] [-C comment] [-M maxusers] [-F flags] [-j jobid] [-l] [-r] [-f] [-t timeout] [-P] [-D debuglevel]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN31" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>The samba net utility is meant to work just like the net utility + available for windows and DOS.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN36" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +> Display summary of all available options. + + </P +></DD +><DT +>-w target-workgroup</DT +><DD +><P +> Sets target workgroup or domain. You have to specify either this option or the IP address or the name of a server. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-W workgroup</DT +><DD +><P +> Sets client workgroup or domain + </P +></DD +><DT +>-U user</DT +><DD +><P +> User name to use + </P +></DD +><DT +>-I ip-address</DT +><DD +><P +> IP address of target server to use. You have to specify either this option or a target workgroup or a target server. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-p port</DT +><DD +><P +> Port on the target server to connect to. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-n myname</DT +><DD +><P +> Sets name of the client. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-s conffile</DT +><DD +><P +> Specify alternative configuration file that should be loaded. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S server</DT +><DD +><P +> Name of target server. You should specify either this option or a target workgroup or a target IP address. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-C comment</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-M maxusers</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-F flags</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-j jobid</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-l</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-r</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-f</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-t timeout</DT +><DD +><P +> FIXME + </P +></DD +><DT +>-P</DT +><DD +><P +> Make queries to the external server using the machine account of the local server. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-D debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +>set the debuglevel. Debug level 0 is the lowest + and 100 being the highest. This should be set to 100 if you are + planning on submitting a bug report to the Samba team (see + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>BUGS.txt</TT +>). + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN116" +></A +><H2 +>TIME</H2 +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NET TIME</B +> command allows you to view the time on a remote server + or synchronise the time on the local server with the time on the remote server.</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +></DT +><DD +><P +> Without any options, the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NET TIME</B +> command + displays the time on the remote server. + </P +></DD +><DT +>SYSTEM</DT +><DD +><P +> Displays the time on the remote server in a format ready for /bin/date + </P +></DD +><DT +>SET</DT +><DD +><P +> Tries to set the date and time of the local server to that on + the remote server using /bin/date. + </P +></DD +><DT +>ZONE</DT +><DD +><P +> Displays the timezone in hours from GMT on the remote computer. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN138" +></A +><H2 +>RPC</H2 +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NET RPC</B +> command allows you to do various + NT4 operations.</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>JOIN -U username[%password] [options]</DT +><DD +><P +> Join a domain with specified username and password. Password + will be prompted if none is specified.</P +></DD +><DT +>JOIN [options except -U]</DT +><DD +><P +> to join a domain created in server manager + </P +></DD +><DT +>USER [misc. options] [targets]</DT +><DD +><P +> List users + </P +></DD +><DT +>USER DELETE <name> [misc options]</DT +><DD +><P +> delete specified user + </P +></DD +><DT +>USER INFO <name> [misc options]</DT +><DD +><P +> list the domain groups of the specified user + </P +></DD +><DT +>USER ADD <name> [password] [-F user flags] [misc. options</DT +><DD +><P +> Add specified user + </P +></DD +><DT +>GROUP [misc options] [targets]</DT +><DD +><P +> List user groups + </P +></DD +><DT +>GROUP DELETE <name> [misc. options] [targets]</DT +><DD +><P +> Delete specified group + </P +></DD +><DT +>GROUP ADD <name> [-C comment]</DT +><DD +><P +> Create specified group + </P +></DD +><DT +>SHARE [misc. options] [targets]</DT +><DD +><P +> enumerates all exported resources (network shares) on target server + </P +></DD +><DT +>SHARE ADD <name=serverpath> [misc. options] [targets]</DT +><DD +><P +> Adds a share from a server (makes the export active) + </P +></DD +><DT +>SHARE DELETE <sharenam</DT +><DD +><P +></P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN191" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is incomplete for version 3.0 of the Samba + suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN194" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The net manpage was written by Jelmer Vernooij.</p></div></div></body></html> + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + The current set of manpages and documentation is maintained + by the Samba Team in the same fashion as the Samba source code.</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/nmbd.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/nmbd.8.html index b07267fa45..1183a14522 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/nmbd.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/nmbd.8.html @@ -1,153 +1,754 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>nmbd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="nmbd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>nmbd — NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS - over IP naming services to clients</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>nmbd</tt> [-D] [-F] [-S] [-a] [-i] [-o] [-h] [-V] [-d <debug level>] [-H <lmhosts file>] [-l <log directory>] [-n <primary netbios name>] [-p <port number>] [-s <configuration file>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This program is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>nmbd</b> is a server that understands +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>nmbd</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="NMBD">nmbd</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>nmbd -- NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS + over IP naming services to clients</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> [-D] [-F] [-S] [-a] [-i] [-o] [-h] [-V] [-d <debug level>] [-H <lmhosts file>] [-l <log directory>] [-n <primary netbios name>] [-p <port number>] [-s <configuration file>]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN25" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This program is part of the Samba suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> is a server that understands and can reply to NetBIOS over IP name service requests, like those produced by SMB/CIFS clients such as Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP and LanManager clients. It also participates in the browsing protocols which make up the - Windows "Network Neighborhood" view.</p><p>SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to + Windows "Network Neighborhood" view.</P +><P +>SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to locate an SMB/CIFS server. That is, they wish to know what - IP number a specified host is using.</p><p>Amongst other services, <b>nmbd</b> will + IP number a specified host is using.</P +><P +>Amongst other services, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will listen for such requests, and if its own NetBIOS name is specified it will respond with the IP number of the host it - is running on. Its "own NetBIOS name" is by + is running on. Its "own NetBIOS name" is by default the primary DNS name of the host it is running on, - but this can be overridden with the <span class="emphasis"><em>-n</em></span> - option (see OPTIONS below). Thus <b>nmbd</b> will + but this can be overridden with the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>-n</I +> + option (see OPTIONS below). Thus <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will reply to broadcast queries for its own name(s). Additional - names for <b>nmbd</b> to respond on can be set - via parameters in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> configuration file.</p><p><b>nmbd</b> can also be used as a WINS + names for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to respond on can be set + via parameters in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> configuration file.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> can also be used as a WINS (Windows Internet Name Server) server. What this basically means is that it will act as a WINS database server, creating a database from name registration requests that it receives and - replying to queries from clients for these names.</p><p>In addition, <b>nmbd</b> can act as a WINS + replying to queries from clients for these names.</P +><P +>In addition, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> can act as a WINS proxy, relaying broadcast queries from clients that do not understand how to talk the WINS protocol to a WINS - server.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-D</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - <b>nmbd</b> to operate as a daemon. That is, + server.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN42" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-D</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding - requests on the appropriate port. By default, <b>nmbd</b> + requests on the appropriate port. By default, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will operate as a daemon if launched from a command shell. - nmbd can also be operated from the <b>inetd</b> + nmbd can also be operated from the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +> meta-daemon, although this is not recommended. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-F</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - the main <b>nmbd</b> process to not daemonize, + </P +></DD +><DT +>-F</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + the main <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> process to not daemonize, i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. Child processes are still created as normal to service each connection request, but the main process does not exit. This operation mode is suitable for running - <b>nmbd</b> under process supervisors such - as <b>supervise</b> and <b>svscan</b> - from Daniel J. Bernstein's <b>daemontools</b> + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> under process supervisors such + as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>supervise</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>svscan</B +> + from Daniel J. Bernstein's <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>daemontools</B +> package, or the AIX process monitor. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - <b>nmbd</b> to log to standard output rather - than a file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is specified it causes the - server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to log to standard output rather + than a file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-a</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is specified, each new + connection will append log messages to the log file. + This is the default.</P +></DD +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is specified it causes the + server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this parameter negates the implicit daemon mode when run from the - command line. <b>nmbd</b> also logs to standard - output, as if the <tt>-S</tt> parameter had been - given. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-H <filename></span></dt><dd><p>NetBIOS lmhosts file. The lmhosts + command line. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> also logs to standard + output, as if the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-S</B +> parameter had been + given. </P +></DD +><DT +>-o</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is specified, the + log files will be overwritten when opened. By default, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will append entries to the log + files.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Prints the help information (usage) + for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-H <filename></DT +><DD +><P +>NetBIOS lmhosts file. The lmhosts file is a list of NetBIOS names to IP addresses that is loaded by the nmbd server and used via the name - resolution mechanism <a href="smb.conf.5.html#nameresolveorder" target="_top"><i><tt>name resolve - order</tt></i></a> described in <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> to resolve any - NetBIOS name queries needed by the server. Note - that the contents of this file are <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> - used by <b>nmbd</b> to answer any name queries. + resolution mechanism <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#nameresolveorder" +TARGET="_top" +> name resolve order</A +> described in <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> + to resolve any NetBIOS name queries needed by the server. Note + that the contents of this file are <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> + used by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to answer any name queries. Adding a line to this file affects name NetBIOS resolution - from this host <span class="emphasis"><em>ONLY</em></span>.</p><p>The default path to this file is compiled into + from this host <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ONLY</I +>.</P +><P +>The default path to this file is compiled into Samba as part of the build process. Common defaults - are <tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts</tt>, - <tt>/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts</tt> or - <tt>/etc/samba/lmhosts</tt>. See the <a href="lmhosts.5.html">lmhosts(5)</a> man page for details on the contents of this file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p <UDP port number></span></dt><dd><p>UDP port number is a positive integer value. + are <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts</TT +> or + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/lmhosts</TT +>. See the + <A +HREF="lmhosts.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>lmhosts(5)</TT +></A +> + man page for details on the contents of this file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-V</DT +><DD +><P +>Prints the version number for + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d <debug level></DT +><DD +><P +>debuglevel is an integer + from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is + not specified is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will + be logged to the log files about the activities of the + server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious + warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for + day to day running - it generates a small amount of + information about operations carried out.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts + of log data, and should only be used when investigating + a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers + and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely + cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will override + the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" +TARGET="_top" +>log level</A +> + parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-l <log directory></DT +><DD +><P +>The -l parameter specifies a directory + into which the "log.nmbd" log file will be created + for operational data from the running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + server. The default log directory is compiled into Samba + as part of the build process. Common defaults are <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /usr/local/samba/var/log.nmb</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /usr/samba/var/log.nmb</TT +> or + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/var/log/log.nmb</TT +>. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Beware:</I +> + If the directory specified does not exist, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + will log to the default debug log location defined at compile time. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-n <primary NetBIOS name></DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to override + the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical + to setting the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#netbiosname" +TARGET="_top" +> NetBIOS name</A +> parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +></A +> file. However, a command + line setting will take precedence over settings in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-p <UDP port number></DT +><DD +><P +>UDP port number is a positive integer value. This option changes the default UDP port number (normally 137) - that <b>nmbd</b> responds to name queries on. Don't + that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> responds to name queries on. Don't use this option unless you are an expert, in which case you - won't need help!</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>If the server is to be run by the - <b>inetd</b> meta-daemon, this file + won't need help!</P +></DD +><DT +>-s <configuration file></DT +><DD +><P +>The default configuration file name + is set at build time, typically as <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +>, but + this may be changed when Samba is autoconfigured.</P +><P +>The file specified contains the configuration details + required by the server. See <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> for more information. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN148" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>If the server is to be run by the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +> meta-daemon, this file must contain suitable startup information for the - meta-daemon. See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">install</a> document + meta-daemon. See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> document for details. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/rc</tt></span></dt><dd><p>or whatever initialization script your - system uses).</p><p>If running the server as a daemon at startup, + </P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>or whatever initialization script your + system uses).</P +><P +>If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to contain an appropriate startup - sequence for the server. See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">"How to Install and Test SAMBA"</a> document - for details.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/services</tt></span></dt><dd><p>If running the server via the - meta-daemon <b>inetd</b>, this file + sequence for the server. See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> document + for details.</P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>If running the server via the + meta-daemon <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>, this file must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). - See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">"How to Install and Test SAMBA"</a> - document for details.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This is the default location of - the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> server - configuration file. Other common places that systems - install this file are <tt>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt> - and <tt>/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>When run as a WINS server (see the - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINSSUPPORT" target="_top"><tt>wins support</tt></a> - parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> man page), - <b>nmbd</b> - will store the WINS database in the file <tt>wins.dat</tt> - in the <tt>var/locks</tt> directory configured under - wherever Samba was configured to install itself.</p><p>If <b>nmbd</b> is acting as a <span class="emphasis"><em> - browse master</em></span> (see the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER" target="_top"><tt>local master</tt></a> - parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> man page, <b>nmbd</b> - will store the browsing database in the file <tt>browse.dat - </tt> in the <tt>var/locks</tt> directory + See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> + document for details.</P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This is the default location of the + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +></A +> + server configuration file. Other common places that systems + install this file are <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/smb.conf</TT +>.</P +><P +>When run as a WINS server (see the + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINSSUPPORT" +TARGET="_top" +>wins support</A +> + parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> man page), + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + will store the WINS database in the file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>wins.dat</TT +> + in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>var/locks</TT +> directory configured under + wherever Samba was configured to install itself.</P +><P +>If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> is acting as a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> browse master</I +> (see the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER" +TARGET="_top" +>local master</A +> + parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> man page, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + will store the browsing database in the file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>browse.dat + </TT +> in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>var/locks</TT +> directory configured under wherever Samba was configured to install itself. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SIGNALS</h2><p>To shut down an <b>nmbd</b> process it is recommended - that SIGKILL (-9) <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be used, except as a last + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN195" +></A +><H2 +>SIGNALS</H2 +><P +>To shut down an <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> process it is recommended + that SIGKILL (-9) <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the name database in an inconsistent state. - The correct way to terminate <b>nmbd</b> is to send it - a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.</p><p><b>nmbd</b> will accept SIGHUP, which will cause - it to dump out its namelists into the file <tt>namelist.debug - </tt> in the <tt>/usr/local/samba/var/locks</tt> - directory (or the <tt>var/locks</tt> directory configured + The correct way to terminate <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> is to send it + a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will accept SIGHUP, which will cause + it to dump out its namelists into the file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>namelist.debug + </TT +> in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/var/locks</TT +> + directory (or the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>var/locks</TT +> directory configured under wherever Samba was configured to install itself). This will also - cause <b>nmbd</b> to dump out its server database in - the <tt>log.nmb</tt> file.</p><p>The debug log level of nmbd may be raised or lowered - using <a href="smbcontrol.1.html">smbcontrol(1)</a> (SIGUSR[1|2] signals - are no longer used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow - transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running - at a normally low log level.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p> - <a href="inetd.8.html">inetd(8)</a>, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a>, <a href="testprns.1.html">testprns(1)</a>, and the Internet - RFC's <tt>rfc1001.txt</tt>, <tt>rfc1002.txt</tt>. + cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to dump out its server database in + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>log.nmb</TT +> file.</P +><P +>The debug log level of nmbd may be raised or lowered using + <A +HREF="smbcontrol.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcontrol(1)</B +> + </A +> (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer used in Samba 2.2). This is + to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running + at a normally low log level.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN211" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN214" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd(8)</B +>, <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1) + </B +></A +>, <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> testparm(1)</B +></A +>, <A +HREF="testprns.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns(1)</B +></A +>, and the Internet RFC's + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1001.txt</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1002.txt</TT +>. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available - as a link from the Web page <a href="http://samba.org/cifs/" target="_top"> - http://samba.org/cifs/</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + as a link from the Web page <A +HREF="http://samba.org/cifs/" +TARGET="_top" +> + http://samba.org/cifs/</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN231" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook - XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/nmblookup.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/nmblookup.1.html index 851544f0d8..2ce322990f 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/nmblookup.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/nmblookup.1.html @@ -1,107 +1,412 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>nmblookup</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="nmblookup"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>nmblookup — NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup NetBIOS - names</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>nmblookup</tt> [-M] [-R] [-S] [-r] [-A] [-h] [-B <broadcast address>] [-U <unicast address>] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>] [-i <NetBIOS scope>] [-T] [-f] {name}</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>nmblookup</b> is used to query NetBIOS names +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>nmblookup</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="NMBLOOKUP" +></A +>nmblookup</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>nmblookup -- NetBIOS over TCP/IP client used to lookup NetBIOS + names</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> [-M] [-R] [-S] [-r] [-A] [-h] [-B <broadcast address>] [-U <unicast address>] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>] [-i <NetBIOS scope>] [-T] [-f] {name}</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN25" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> is used to query NetBIOS names and map them to IP addresses in a network using NetBIOS over TCP/IP queries. The options allow the name queries to be directed at a particular IP broadcast area or to a particular machine. All queries - are done over UDP.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-M</span></dt><dd><p>Searches for a master browser by looking - up the NetBIOS name <i><tt>name</tt></i> with a - type of <tt>0x1d</tt>. If <i><tt> - name</tt></i> is "-" then it does a lookup on the special name - <tt>__MSBROWSE__</tt>. Please note that in order to - use the name "-", you need to make sure "-" isn't parsed as an - argument, e.g. use : - <b><tt>nmblookup -M -- -</tt></b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-R</span></dt><dd><p>Set the recursion desired bit in the packet + are done over UDP.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN31" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-M</DT +><DD +><P +>Searches for a master browser by looking + up the NetBIOS name <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>name</I +></TT +> with a + type of <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>0x1d</TT +>. If <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +> name</I +></TT +> is "-" then it does a lookup on the special name + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>__MSBROWSE__</TT +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-R</DT +><DD +><P +>Set the recursion desired bit in the packet to do a recursive lookup. This is used when sending a name query to a machine running a WINS server and the user wishes to query the names in the WINS server. If this bit is unset the normal (broadcast responding) NetBIOS processing code - on a machine is used instead. See RFC1001, RFC1002 for details. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt><dd><p>Once the name query has returned an IP + on a machine is used instead. See rfc1001, rfc1002 for details. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S</DT +><DD +><P +>Once the name query has returned an IP address then do a node status query as well. A node status query returns the NetBIOS names registered by a host. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt><dd><p>Try and bind to UDP port 137 to send and receive UDP + </P +></DD +><DT +>-r</DT +><DD +><P +>Try and bind to UDP port 137 to send and receive UDP datagrams. The reason for this option is a bug in Windows 95 where it ignores the source port of the requesting packet and only replies to UDP port 137. Unfortunately, on most UNIX systems root privilege is needed to bind to this port, and - in addition, if the <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> daemon is running on this machine it also binds to this port. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-A</span></dt><dd><p>Interpret <i><tt>name</tt></i> as - an IP Address and do a node status query on this address.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n <primary NetBIOS name></span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override -the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical -to setting the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#netbiosname" target="_top"><i><tt>NetBIOS -name</tt></i></a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. However, a command -line setting will take precedence over settings in -<a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i <scope></span></dt><dd><p>This specifies a NetBIOS scope that -<b>nmblookup</b> will use to communicate with when -generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS -scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are -<span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> rarely used, only set this parameter -if you are the system administrator in charge of all the -NetBIOS systems you communicate with.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-W|--workgroup=domain</span></dt><dd><p>Set the SMB domain of the username. This -overrides the default domain which is the domain defined in -smb.conf. If the domain specified is the same as the servers -NetBIOS name, it causes the client to log on using the servers local -SAM (as opposed to the Domain SAM). </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-O socket options</span></dt><dd><p>TCP socket options to set on the client -socket. See the socket options parameter in -the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> manual page for the list of valid -options. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-B <broadcast address></span></dt><dd><p>Send the query to the given broadcast address. Without + in addition, if the <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + daemon is running on this machine it also binds to this port. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-A</DT +><DD +><P +>Interpret <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>name</I +></TT +> as + an IP Address and do a node status query on this address.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Print a help (usage) message.</P +></DD +><DT +>-B <broadcast address></DT +><DD +><P +>Send the query to the given broadcast address. Without this option the default behavior of nmblookup is to send the query to the broadcast address of the network interfaces as - either auto-detected or defined in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#INTERFACES" target="_top"><i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> - </a> parameter of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U <unicast address></span></dt><dd><p>Do a unicast query to the specified address or - host <i><tt>unicast address</tt></i>. This option - (along with the <i><tt>-R</tt></i> option) is needed to - query a WINS server.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-T</span></dt><dd><p>This causes any IP addresses found in the + either auto-detected or defined in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#INTERFACES" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf (5)</TT +> file. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-U <unicast address></DT +><DD +><P +>Do a unicast query to the specified address or + host <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>unicast address</I +></TT +>. This option + (along with the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-R</I +></TT +> option) is needed to + query a WINS server.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d <debuglevel></DT +><DD +><P +>debuglevel is an integer from 0 to 10.</P +><P +>The default value if this parameter is not specified + is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged + about the activities of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +>. At level + 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of + log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. + Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and + generate HUGE amounts of data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will override + the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGLEVEL" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> log level</I +></TT +></A +> parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-s <smb.conf></DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the pathname to + the Samba configuration file, <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smb.conf(5)</A +>. This file controls all aspects of + the Samba setup on the machine.</P +></DD +><DT +>-i <scope></DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies a NetBIOS scope that + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> will use to communicate with when + generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS + scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are + <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>very</I +></SPAN +> rarely used, only set this parameter + if you are the system administrator in charge of all the + NetBIOS systems you communicate with.</P +></DD +><DT +>-T</DT +><DD +><P +>This causes any IP addresses found in the lookup to be looked up via a reverse DNS lookup into a - DNS name, and printed out before each</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>IP address .... NetBIOS name</em></span></p><p> pair that is the normal output.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-f</span></dt><dd><p> - Show which flags apply to the name that has been looked up. Possible + DNS name, and printed out before each</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>IP address .... NetBIOS name</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +> pair that is the normal output.</P +></DD +><DT +>-f</DT +><DD +><P +> Show which flags apply to the name that has been looked up. Possible answers are zero or more of: Response, Authoritative, Truncated, Recursion_Desired, Recursion_Available, Broadcast. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">name</span></dt><dd><p>This is the NetBIOS name being queried. Depending + </P +></DD +><DT +>name</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the NetBIOS name being queried. Depending upon the previous options this may be a NetBIOS name or IP address. If a NetBIOS name then the different name types may be specified by appending '#<type>' to the name. This name may also be '*', which will return all registered names within a broadcast - area.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXAMPLES</h2><p><b>nmblookup</b> can be used to query - a WINS server (in the same way <b>nslookup</b> is - used to query DNS servers). To query a WINS server, <b>nmblookup</b> - must be called like this:</p><p><b>nmblookup -U server -R 'name'</b></p><p>For example, running :</p><p><b>nmblookup -U samba.org -R 'IRIX#1B'</b></p><p>would query the WINS server samba.org for the domain - master browser (1B name type) for the IRIX workgroup.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>, <a href="samba.7.html">samba(7)</a>, and <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + area.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN115" +></A +><H2 +>EXAMPLES</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> can be used to query + a WINS server (in the same way <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nslookup</B +> is + used to query DNS servers). To query a WINS server, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> must be called like this:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup -U server -R 'name'</B +></P +><P +>For example, running :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup -U samba.org -R 'IRIX#1B'</B +></P +><P +>would query the WINS server samba.org for the domain + master browser (1B name type) for the IRIX workgroup.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN127" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN130" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +>, and <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN137" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook - XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/nt4migration.html b/docs/htmldocs/nt4migration.html deleted file mode 100644 index 2079c1b6c4..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/nt4migration.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,356 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Appendixes" -HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="How to compile SAMBA" -HREF="compiling.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Portability" -HREF="portability.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="compiling.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="portability.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="NT4MIGRATION" -></A ->Chapter 28. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->28.1. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4396" ->Planning and Getting Started</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->28.1.1. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4400" ->Objectives</A -></DT -><DT ->28.1.2. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4426" ->Steps In Migration Process</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->28.2. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4429" ->Managing Samba-3 Domain Control</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><P ->This is a rough guide to assist those wishing to migrate from NT4 domain control to -Samba-3 based domain control.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4396" ->28.1. Planning and Getting Started</A -></H1 -><P ->In the IT world there is often a saying that all problems are encountered because of -poor planning. The corrollary to this saying is that not all problems can be anticpated -and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticpate most show stopper type situations.</P -><P ->Those wishing to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-3 domain control -environment would do well to develop a detailed migration plan. So here are a few pointers to -help migration get under way.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4400" ->28.1.1. Objectives</A -></H2 -><P ->The key objective for most organisations will be to make the migration from MS Windows NT4 -to Samba-3 domain control as painless as possible. One of the challenges you may experience -in your migration process may well be one of convincing management that the new environment -should remain in place. Many who have introduced open source technologies have experienced -pressure to return to a Microsoft based platform solution at the first sign of trouble. </P -><P ->It is strongly advised that before attempting a migration to a Samba-3 controlled network -that every possible effort be made to gain all-round commitment to the change. Firstly, you -should know precisely <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->why</I -></SPAN -> the change is important for the organisation. -Possible motivations to make a change include:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->Improve network manageability</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Obtain better user level functionality</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Reduce network operating costs</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Reduce exposure caused by Microsoft withdrawal of NT4 support</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Avoid MS License 6 implications</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Reduce organisation's dependency on Microsoft</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->It is vital that oit be well recognised that Samba-3 is NOT MS Windows NT4. Samba-3 offers -an alternative solution that is both different from MS Windows NT4 and that offers some -advantages compared with it. It should also be recognised that Samba-3 lacks many of the -features that Microsoft has promoted as core values in migration from MS Windows NT4 to -MS Windows 2000 and beyond (with or without Active Directory services).</P -><P ->What are the features the Samba-3 can NOT provide?</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Active Directory Server</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Group Policy Objects (in Active Direcrtory)</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Machine Policy objects</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Logon Scripts in Active Directorty</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Software Application and Access Controls in Active Directory</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4426" ->28.1.2. Steps In Migration Process</A -></H2 -><P ->This is not a definitive ste-by-step process yet - just a place holder so the info -is not lost. - -1. You will have an NT4 PDC that has the users, groups, policies and profiles to be migrated - -2. Samba-3 set up as a DC with netlogon share, profile share, etc. - -3. Process: - a. Create a BDC account for the samba server using NT Server Manager - - Samba must NOT be running - - b. rpcclient NT4PDC -U Administrator%passwd - lsaquery - - Note the SID returned by step b. - - c. net getsid -S NT4PDC -w DOMNAME -U Administrator%passwd - - Note the SID in step c. - - d. net getlocalsid - - Note the SID, now check that all three SIDS reported are the same! - - e. net rpc join -S NT4PDC -w DOMNAME -U Administrator%passwd - - f. net rpc vampire -S NT4PDC -U administrator%passwd - - g. pdbedit -l - - Note - did the users migrate? - - h. initGrps.sh DOMNAME - - i. smbgroupedit -v - - Now check that all groups are recognised - - j. net rpc campire -S NT4PDC -U administrator%passwd - - k. pdbedit -lv - - Note - check that all group membership has been migrated. - - -Now it is time to migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files. - -Moe later.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4429" ->28.2. Managing Samba-3 Domain Control</A -></H1 -><P ->Lots of blah blah here.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="compiling.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="portability.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->How to compile SAMBA</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="appendixes.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Portability</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/oplocks.html b/docs/htmldocs/oplocks.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..6aa91fb17f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/oplocks.html @@ -0,0 +1,208 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Oplocks</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="General installation" +HREF="introduction.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Improved browsing in samba" +HREF="improved-browsing.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide" +HREF="browsing-quick.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="OPLOCKS" +></A +>Chapter 3. Oplocks</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN378" +></A +>3.1. What are oplocks?</H1 +><P +>When a client opens a file it can request an "oplock" or file +lease. This is (to simplify a bit) a guarentee that no one else +has the file open simultaneously. It allows the client to not +send any updates on the file to the server, thus reducing a +network file access to local access (once the file is in +client cache). An "oplock break" is when the server sends +a request to the client to flush all its changes back to +the server, so the file is in a consistent state for other +opens to succeed. If a client fails to respond to this +asynchronous request then the file can be corrupted. Hence +the "turn off oplocks" answer if people are having multi-user +file access problems.</P +><P +>Unless the kernel is "oplock aware" (SGI IRIX and Linux are +the only two UNIXes that are at the moment) then if a local +UNIX process accesses the file simultaneously then Samba +has no way of telling this is occuring, so the guarentee +to the client is broken. This can corrupt the file. Short +answer - it you have UNIX clients accessing the same file +as smbd locally or via NFS and you're not running Linux or +IRIX then turn off oplocks for that file or share.</P +><P +>"Share modes". These are modes of opening a file, that +guarentee an invarient - such as DENY_WRITE - which means +that if any other opens are requested with write access after +this current open has succeeded then they should be denied +with a "sharing violation" error message. Samba handles these +internally inside smbd. UNIX clients accessing the same file +ignore these invarients. Just proving that if you need simultaneous +file access from a Windows and UNIX client you *must* have an +application that is written to lock records correctly on both +sides. Few applications are written like this, and even fewer +are cross platform (UNIX and Windows) so in practice this isn't +much of a problem.</P +><P +>"Locking". This really means "byte range locking" - such as +lock 10 bytes at file offset 24 for write access. This is the +area in which well written UNIX and Windows apps will cooperate. +Windows locks (at least from NT or above) are 64-bit unsigned +offsets. UNIX locks are either 31 bit or 63 bit and are signed +(the top bit is used for the sign). Samba handles these by +first ensuring that all the Windows locks don't conflict (ie. +if other Windows clients have competing locks then just reject +immediately) - this allows us to support 64-bit Windows locks +on 32-bit filesystems. Secondly any locks that are valid are +then mapped onto UNIX fcntl byte range locks. These are the +locks that will be seen by UNIX processes. If there is a conflict +here the lock is rejected.</P +><P +>Note that if a client has an oplock then it "knows" that no +other client can have the file open so usually doesn't bother +to send to lock request to the server - this means once again +if you need to share files between UNIX and Windows processes +either use IRIX or Linux, or turn off oplocks for these +files/shares.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Improved browsing in samba</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="introduction.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/optional.html b/docs/htmldocs/optional.html index 33f7a02b7c..b15515ddab 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/optional.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/optional.html @@ -1,7 +1,898 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Part III. Advanced Configuration</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="previous" href="domain-member.html" title="Chapter 8. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member"><link rel="next" href="NetworkBrowsing.html" title="Chapter 9. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="domain-member.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="NetworkBrowsing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="optional"></a>Advanced Configuration</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2812389"></a>Valuable Nuts and Bolts Information</h1></div></div><p> -Samba has several features that you might want or might not want to use. The chapters in this part each cover specific Samba features. -</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>9. <a href="NetworkBrowsing.html">Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2879892">What is Browsing?</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2880542">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2880704">How Browsing Functions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2880831">Setting up WORKGROUP Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881020">Setting up DOMAIN Browsing</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#browse-force-master">Forcing samba to be the master</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881285">Making samba the domain master</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881434">Note about broadcast addresses</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881451">Multiple interfaces</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881480">Use of the Remote Announce parameter</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881591">Use of the Remote Browse Sync parameter</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2881658">WINS - The Windows Internetworking Name Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2880482">Setting up a WINS server</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882114">WINS Replication</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882139">Static WINS Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882170">Helpful Hints</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882183">Windows Networking Protocols</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882250">Name Resolution Order</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882366">Technical Overview of browsing</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882413">Browsing support in samba</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882520">Problem resolution</a></dt><dt><a href="NetworkBrowsing.html#id2882599">Browsing across subnets</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>10. <a href="passdb.html">User information database</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2882995">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883048">Important Notes About Security</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883210">Advantages of SMB Encryption</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883249">Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883283">The smbpasswd Command</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883464">Plain text</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883493">TDB</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883509">LDAP</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883516">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883617">Encrypted Password Database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883756">Supported LDAP Servers</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883794">Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2883904">Configuring Samba with LDAP</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884200">Accounts and Groups management</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884237">Security and sambaAccount</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884352">LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884633">Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884689">MySQL</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884696">Creating the database</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884750">Configuring</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884895">Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</a></dt><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884925">Getting non-column data from the table</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="passdb.html#id2884968">XML</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>11. <a href="unix-permissions.html">UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2881950">Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2881832">How to view file security on a Samba share</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885176">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885297">Viewing file or directory permissions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885379">File Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885483">Directory Permissions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885533">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885693">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2886008">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>12. <a href="groupmapping.html">Configuring Group Mapping</a></dt><dt>13. <a href="printing.html">Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886394">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886510">Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886557">Creating [print$]</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886789">Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886888">Support a large number of printers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886995">Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887127">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886128">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886155">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887231">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887251">The Imprints server</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887275">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886236">Diagnosis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886243">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887448">Debugging printer problems</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887515">What printers do I have?</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887557">Setting up printcap and print servers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887691">Job sent, no output</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888240">Job sent, strange output</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888316">Raw PostScript printed</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888334">Advanced Printing</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888360">Real debugging</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>14. <a href="CUPS-printing.html">CUPS Printing Support</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2887904">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2887963">Configuring smb.conf for CUPS</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2888503">CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2887987">CUPS as a network PostScript RIP</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2889168">Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2889210">Setting up CUPS for driver download</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2889297">Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2889462">cupsaddsmb</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2889811">The CUPS Filter Chains</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2890198">CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2890235">Further printing steps</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2890654">Limiting the number of pages users can print</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2891263">Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</a></dt><dt><a href="CUPS-printing.html#id2891369">Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>15. <a href="winbind.html">Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891610">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891639">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891710">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2888972">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889003">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889031">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889066">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889088">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892176">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892248">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892282">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892310">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892338">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892413">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892507">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2894106">Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2894160">Conclusion</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>16. <a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html">Advanced Network Manangement</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2892036">Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2891799">Share Permissions Management</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2891866">Remote Server Administration</a></dt><dt><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2891949">Network Logon Script Magic</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html#id2894784">Adding printers without user intervention</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>17. <a href="PolicyMgmt.html">System and Account Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2894568">Creating and Managing System Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2894821">Windows 9x/Me Policies</a></dt><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2894910">Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</a></dt><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2895036">MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2895240">Managing Account/User Policies</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2895353">With Windows NT4/200x</a></dt><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2895374">With a Samba PDC</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="PolicyMgmt.html#id2895398">System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>18. <a href="ProfileMgmt.html">Desktop Profile Management</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2894496">Roaming Profiles</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2894382">Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2895976">Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896591">Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896638">Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896821">Mandatory profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896866">Creating/Managing Group Profiles</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896907">Default Profile for Windows Users</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2896936">MS Windows 9x/Me</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2897025">MS Windows NT4 Workstation</a></dt><dt><a href="ProfileMgmt.html#id2897409">MS Windows 200x/XP</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>19. <a href="InterdomainTrusts.html">Interdomain Trust Relationships</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2895580">Trust Relationship Background</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2897902">Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2897915">NT4 as the Trusting Domain (ie. creating the trusted account)</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2897959">NT4 as the Trusted Domain (ie. creating trusted account's password)</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2897983">Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2898010">Samba-3 as the Trusting Domain</a></dt><dt><a href="InterdomainTrusts.html#id2898106">Samba-3 as the Trusted Domain</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>20. <a href="pam.html">PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="pam.html#id2897853">Samba and PAM</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898634">PAM Configuration in smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898691">Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898943">Distributed Authentication</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>21. <a href="VFS.html">Stackable VFS modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2898226">Introduction and configuration</a></dt><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899145">Included modules</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899152">audit</a></dt><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899191">extd_audit</a></dt><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899312">recycle</a></dt><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899450">netatalk</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899488">VFS modules available elsewhere</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899510">DatabaseFS</a></dt><dt><a href="VFS.html#id2899565">vscan</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>22. <a href="msdfs.html">Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="msdfs.html#id2899111">Instructions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="msdfs.html#id2899858">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>23. <a href="integrate-ms-networks.html">Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899641">Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900075">/etc/hosts</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900212">/etc/resolv.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900256">/etc/host.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900299">/etc/nsswitch.conf</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900394">Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899927">The NetBIOS Name Cache</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2899966">The LMHOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900009">HOSTS file</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900041">DNS Lookup</a></dt><dt><a href="integrate-ms-networks.html#id2900053">WINS Lookup</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>24. <a href="securing-samba.html">Securing Samba</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2900501">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2900517">Using host based protection</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2900967">Using interface protection</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2901018">Using a firewall</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2901061">Using a IPC$ share deny</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2900617">NTLMv2 Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securing-samba.html#id2900653">Upgrading Samba</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>25. <a href="unicode.html">Unicode/Charsets</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="unicode.html#id2901255">What are charsets and unicode?</a></dt><dt><a href="unicode.html#id2901324">Samba and charsets</a></dt><dt><a href="unicode.html#id2901414">Conversion from old names</a></dt><dt><a href="unicode.html#id2901459">Japanese charsets</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>26. <a href="locking.html">File and Record Locking</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="locking.html#id2901106">Discussion</a></dt><dt><a href="locking.html#id2901768">Samba Opportunistic Locking Control</a></dt><dt><a href="locking.html#id2901884">MS Windows Opportunistic Locking and Caching Controls</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="locking.html#id2902109">Workstation Service Entries</a></dt><dt><a href="locking.html#id2902136">Server Service Entries</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="locking.html#id2902216">Persistent Data Corruption</a></dt><dt><a href="locking.html#id2902247">Additional Reading</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="domain-member.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="NetworkBrowsing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 8. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 9. Samba / MS Windows Network Browsing Guide</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Optional configuration</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Samba as a NT4 domain member" +HREF="domain-security.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba" +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="domain-security.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="OPTIONAL"><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>III. Optional configuration</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN1360"><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>Samba has several features that you might want or might not want to use. The chapters in this +part each cover one specific feature.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>10. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1374" +>Agenda</A +></DT +><DT +>10.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1396" +>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.2.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1412" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1428" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/resolv.conf</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1439" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/host.conf</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1447" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +></A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1459" +>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.3.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1471" +>The NetBIOS Name Cache</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1476" +>The LMHOSTS file</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1484" +>HOSTS file</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1489" +>DNS Lookup</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.5. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1492" +>WINS Lookup</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1504" +>How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and +dependable browsing using Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1514" +>MS Windows security options and how to configure +Samba for seemless integration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.5.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1542" +>Use MS Windows NT as an authentication server</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1550" +>Make Samba a member of an MS Windows NT security domain</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1567" +>Configure Samba as an authentication server</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.6. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1584" +>Conclusions</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>11. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +>UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>11.1. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1605" +>Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT + security dialogs</A +></DT +><DT +>11.2. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1614" +>How to view file security on a Samba share</A +></DT +><DT +>11.3. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1625" +>Viewing file ownership</A +></DT +><DT +>11.4. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1645" +>Viewing file or directory permissions</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>11.4.1. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1660" +>File Permissions</A +></DT +><DT +>11.4.2. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1674" +>Directory Permissions</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>11.5. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1681" +>Modifying file or directory permissions</A +></DT +><DT +>11.6. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1703" +>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask + parameters</A +></DT +><DT +>11.7. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1767" +>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute + mapping</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>12. <A +HREF="pam.html" +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>12.1. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1788" +>Samba and PAM</A +></DT +><DT +>12.2. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1832" +>Distributed Authentication</A +></DT +><DT +>12.3. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1839" +>PAM Configuration in smb.conf</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>13. <A +HREF="msdfs.html" +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1. <A +HREF="msdfs.html#AEN1859" +>Instructions</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1.1. <A +HREF="msdfs.html#AEN1894" +>Notes</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14. <A +HREF="printing.html" +>Printing Support</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1920" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1942" +>Configuration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.2.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1950" +>Creating [print$]</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1985" +>Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2001" +>Support a large number of printers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2012" +>Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.5. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2042" +>Samba and Printer Ports</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2050" +>The Imprints Toolset</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.3.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2054" +>What is Imprints?</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2064" +>Creating Printer Driver Packages</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2067" +>The Imprints server</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2071" +>The Installation Client</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2093" +>Diagnosis</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.4.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2095" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2111" +>Debugging printer problems</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2120" +>What printers do I have?</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2128" +>Setting up printcap and print servers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.5. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2156" +>Job sent, no output</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.6. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2167" +>Job sent, strange output</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.7. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2179" +>Raw PostScript printed</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.8. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2182" +>Advanced Printing</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.9. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2185" +>Real debugging</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>15. <A +HREF="winbind.html" +>Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>15.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2225" +>Abstract</A +></DT +><DT +>15.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2229" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>15.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2242" +>What Winbind Provides</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>15.3.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2249" +>Target Uses</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>15.4. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2253" +>How Winbind Works</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>15.4.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2258" +>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</A +></DT +><DT +>15.4.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2262" +>Name Service Switch</A +></DT +><DT +>15.4.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2278" +>Pluggable Authentication Modules</A +></DT +><DT +>15.4.4. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2286" +>User and Group ID Allocation</A +></DT +><DT +>15.4.5. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2290" +>Result Caching</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>15.5. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2293" +>Installation and Configuration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>15.5.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2300" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>15.5.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2313" +>Requirements</A +></DT +><DT +>15.5.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2327" +>Testing Things Out</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>15.6. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2542" +>Limitations</A +></DT +><DT +>15.7. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2552" +>Conclusion</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>16. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +>Passdb MySQL plugin</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>16.1. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2566" +>Building</A +></DT +><DT +>16.2. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2572" +>Configuring</A +></DT +><DT +>16.3. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2589" +>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2594" +>Getting non-column data from the table</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>17. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html" +>Passdb XML plugin</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>17.1. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2613" +>Building</A +></DT +><DT +>17.2. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2619" +>Usage</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>18. <A +HREF="vfs.html" +>Stackable VFS modules</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>18.1. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2640" +>Introduction and configuration</A +></DT +><DT +>18.2. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2649" +>Included modules</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>18.2.1. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2651" +>audit</A +></DT +><DT +>18.2.2. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2659" +>recycle</A +></DT +><DT +>18.2.3. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2696" +>netatalk</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>18.3. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2703" +>VFS modules available elsewhere</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>18.3.1. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2707" +>DatabaseFS</A +></DT +><DT +>18.3.2. <A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2715" +>vscan</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>19. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>19.1. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2737" +>Purpose</A +></DT +><DT +>19.2. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2757" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>19.3. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2786" +>Supported LDAP Servers</A +></DT +><DT +>19.4. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2791" +>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.5. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2803" +>Configuring Samba with LDAP</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>19.5.1. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2805" +>OpenLDAP configuration</A +></DT +><DT +>19.5.2. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2822" +>Configuring Samba</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>19.6. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2850" +>Accounts and Groups management</A +></DT +><DT +>19.7. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2855" +>Security and sambaAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.8. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2875" +>LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</A +></DT +><DT +>19.9. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2945" +>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.10. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2953" +>Comments</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>20. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>20.1. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2964" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>20.2. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2969" +>CVS Access to samba.org</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>20.2.1. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2972" +>Access via CVSweb</A +></DT +><DT +>20.2.2. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2977" +>Access via cvs</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>21. <A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +>Group mapping HOWTO</A +></DT +><DT +>22. <A +HREF="speed.html" +>Samba performance issues</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>22.1. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3055" +>Comparisons</A +></DT +><DT +>22.2. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3061" +>Socket options</A +></DT +><DT +>22.3. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3068" +>Read size</A +></DT +><DT +>22.4. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3073" +>Max xmit</A +></DT +><DT +>22.5. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3078" +>Log level</A +></DT +><DT +>22.6. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3081" +>Read raw</A +></DT +><DT +>22.7. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3086" +>Write raw</A +></DT +><DT +>22.8. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3090" +>Slow Clients</A +></DT +><DT +>22.9. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3094" +>Slow Logins</A +></DT +><DT +>22.10. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3097" +>Client tuning</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="domain-security.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/other-clients.html b/docs/htmldocs/other-clients.html index 36513c672a..130c9691e7 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/other-clients.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/other-clients.html @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ >Samba and other CIFS clients</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK @@ -16,8 +17,8 @@ REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Portability" HREF="portability.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool" -HREF="swat.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Reporting Bugs" +HREF="bugreport.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="swat.html" +HREF="bugreport.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -72,105 +73,7 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="OTHER-CLIENTS" -></A ->Chapter 30. Samba and other CIFS clients</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->30.1. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4522" ->Macintosh clients?</A -></DT -><DT ->30.2. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4531" ->OS2 Client</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->30.2.1. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4533" ->How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</A -></DT -><DT ->30.2.2. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4548" ->How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</A -></DT -><DT ->30.2.3. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4557" ->Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</A -></DT -><DT ->30.2.4. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4561" ->How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->30.3. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4571" ->Windows for Workgroups</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->30.3.1. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4573" ->Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</A -></DT -><DT ->30.3.2. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4578" ->Delete .pwl files after password change</A -></DT -><DT ->30.3.3. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4583" ->Configure WfW password handling</A -></DT -><DT ->30.3.4. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4587" ->Case handling of passwords</A -></DT -><DT ->30.3.5. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4592" ->Use TCP/IP as default protocol</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->30.4. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4595" ->Windows '95/'98</A -></DT -><DT ->30.5. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4611" ->Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</A -></DT -><DT ->30.6. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4628" ->Windows NT 3.1</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV +NAME="OTHER-CLIENTS">Chapter 24. Samba and other CIFS clients</H1 ><P >This chapter contains client-specific information.</P ><DIV @@ -178,9 +81,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4522" ->30.1. Macintosh clients?</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3199">24.1. Macintosh clients?</H1 ><P >Yes. <A HREF="http://www.thursby.com/" @@ -224,18 +125,14 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4531" ->30.2. OS2 Client</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3208">24.2. OS2 Client</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4533" ->30.2.1. How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or - OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3210">24.2.1. How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or + OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</H2 ><P >A more complete answer to this question can be found on <A @@ -291,10 +188,8 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4548" ->30.2.2. How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), - OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3225">24.2.2. How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), + OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</H2 ><P >You can use the free Microsoft LAN Manager 2.2c Client for OS/2 from @@ -335,10 +230,8 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4557" ->30.2.3. Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) - is used as a client?</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3234">24.2.3. Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) + is used as a client?</H2 ><P >When you do a NET VIEW or use the "File and Print Client Resource Browser", no Samba servers show up. This can @@ -357,10 +250,8 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4561" ->30.2.4. How do I get printer driver download working - for OS/2 clients?</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3238">24.2.4. How do I get printer driver download working + for OS/2 clients?</H2 ><P >First, create a share called [PRINTDRV] that is world-readable. Copy your OS/2 driver files there. Note @@ -370,13 +261,17 @@ NAME="AEN4561" ><P >Install the NT driver first for that printer. Then, add to your smb.conf a parameter, os2 driver map = - <VAR + <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->filename</VAR +><I +>filename</I +></TT >". Then, in the file - specified by <VAR + specified by <TT CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->filename</VAR +><I +>filename</I +></TT >, map the name of the NT driver name to the OS/2 driver name as follows:</P @@ -404,17 +299,13 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4571" ->30.3. Windows for Workgroups</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3248">24.3. Windows for Workgroups</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4573" ->30.3.1. Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3250">24.3.1. Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</H2 ><P >Use the latest TCP/IP stack from microsoft if you use Windows for workgroups.</P @@ -434,9 +325,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4578" ->30.3.2. Delete .pwl files after password change</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3255">24.3.2. Delete .pwl files after password change</H2 ><P >WfWg does a lousy job with passwords. I find that if I change my password on either the unix box or the PC the safest thing to do is to @@ -454,9 +343,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4583" ->30.3.3. Configure WfW password handling</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3260">24.3.3. Configure WfW password handling</H2 ><P >There is a program call admincfg.exe on the last disk (disk 8) of the WFW 3.11 disk set. To install it @@ -473,9 +360,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN4587" ->30.3.4. Case handling of passwords</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN3264">24.3.4. Case handling of passwords</H2 ><P >Windows for Workgroups uppercases the password before sending it to the server. Unix passwords can be case-sensitive though. Check the <A HREF="smb.conf.5.html" @@ -486,30 +371,13 @@ CLASS="COMMAND" >password level</B > to specify what characters samba should try to uppercase when checking.</P ></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4592" ->30.3.5. Use TCP/IP as default protocol</A -></H2 -><P ->To support print queue reporting you may find -that you have to use TCP/IP as the default protocol under -WfWg. For some reason if you leave Netbeui as the default -it may break the print queue reporting on some systems. -It is presumably a WfWg bug.</P -></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4595" ->30.4. Windows '95/'98</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3269">24.4. Windows '95/'98</H1 ><P >When using Windows 95 OEM SR2 the following updates are recommended where Samba is being used. Please NOTE that the above change will affect you once these @@ -555,9 +423,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4611" ->30.5. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3285">24.5. Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</H1 ><P > There are several annoyances with Windows 2000 SP2. One of which @@ -622,49 +488,15 @@ for the profile. This default ACL includes </P CLASS="COMMAND" >DOMAIN\user "Full Control"</B ></P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" ><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE : This bug does not occur when using winbind to +create accounts on the Samba host for Domain users.</I +></SPAN ></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->This bug does not occur when using winbind to -create accounts on the Samba host for Domain users.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4628" ->30.6. Windows NT 3.1</A -></H1 -><P ->If you have problems communicating across routers with Windows -NT 3.1 workstations, read <A -HREF="http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;[LN];Q103765" -TARGET="_top" ->this Microsoft Knowledge Base article</A ->. </P ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV @@ -701,7 +533,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="swat.html" +HREF="bugreport.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -725,7 +557,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</TD +>Reporting Bugs</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/p1346.html b/docs/htmldocs/p1346.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e558561800 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/p1346.html @@ -0,0 +1,917 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Optional configuration</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Samba as a NT4 domain member" +HREF="domain-security.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba" +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="domain-security.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="AEN1346" +></A +><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>III. Optional configuration</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN1348" +></A +><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>Samba has several features that you might want or might not want to use. The chapters in this +part each cover one specific feature.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>10. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1362" +>Agenda</A +></DT +><DT +>10.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1384" +>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.2.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1400" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1416" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/resolv.conf</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1427" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/host.conf</TT +></A +></DT +><DT +>10.2.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1435" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +></A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1447" +>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.3.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1459" +>The NetBIOS Name Cache</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1464" +>The LMHOSTS file</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1472" +>HOSTS file</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1477" +>DNS Lookup</A +></DT +><DT +>10.3.5. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1480" +>WINS Lookup</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1492" +>How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and +dependable browsing using Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1502" +>MS Windows security options and how to configure +Samba for seemless integration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>10.5.1. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1530" +>Use MS Windows NT as an authentication server</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5.2. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1538" +>Make Samba a member of an MS Windows NT security domain</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1555" +>Configure Samba as an authentication server</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>10.6. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1572" +>Conclusions</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>11. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +>UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>11.1. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1593" +>Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT + security dialogs</A +></DT +><DT +>11.2. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1602" +>How to view file security on a Samba share</A +></DT +><DT +>11.3. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1613" +>Viewing file ownership</A +></DT +><DT +>11.4. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1633" +>Viewing file or directory permissions</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>11.4.1. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1648" +>File Permissions</A +></DT +><DT +>11.4.2. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1662" +>Directory Permissions</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>11.5. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1669" +>Modifying file or directory permissions</A +></DT +><DT +>11.6. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1691" +>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask + parameters</A +></DT +><DT +>11.7. <A +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1755" +>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute + mapping</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>12. <A +HREF="pam.html" +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>12.1. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1776" +>Samba and PAM</A +></DT +><DT +>12.2. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1820" +>Distributed Authentication</A +></DT +><DT +>12.3. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1827" +>PAM Configuration in smb.conf</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>13. <A +HREF="msdfs.html" +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1. <A +HREF="msdfs.html#AEN1847" +>Instructions</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1.1. <A +HREF="msdfs.html#AEN1882" +>Notes</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14. <A +HREF="printing.html" +>Printing Support</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1908" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1930" +>Configuration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.2.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1938" +>Creating [print$]</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1973" +>Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1989" +>Support a large number of printers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2000" +>Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</A +></DT +><DT +>14.2.5. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2030" +>Samba and Printer Ports</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2038" +>The Imprints Toolset</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.3.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2042" +>What is Imprints?</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2052" +>Creating Printer Driver Packages</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2055" +>The Imprints server</A +></DT +><DT +>14.3.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2059" +>The Installation Client</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>14.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2081" +>Diagnosis</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>14.4.1. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2083" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.2. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2099" +>Debugging printer problems</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.3. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2108" +>What printers do I have?</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.4. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2116" +>Setting up printcap and print servers</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.5. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2144" +>Job sent, no output</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.6. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2155" +>Job sent, strange output</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.7. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2167" +>Raw PostScript printed</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.8. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2170" +>Advanced Printing</A +></DT +><DT +>14.4.9. <A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2173" +>Real debugging</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>15. <A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +>Security levels</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>15.1. <A +HREF="securitylevels.html#AEN2186" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>15.2. <A +HREF="securitylevels.html#AEN2197" +>More complete description of security levels</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>16. <A +HREF="winbind.html" +>Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>16.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2249" +>Abstract</A +></DT +><DT +>16.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2253" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>16.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2266" +>What Winbind Provides</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>16.3.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2273" +>Target Uses</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>16.4. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2277" +>How Winbind Works</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>16.4.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2282" +>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2286" +>Name Service Switch</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2302" +>Pluggable Authentication Modules</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4.4. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2310" +>User and Group ID Allocation</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4.5. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2314" +>Result Caching</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>16.5. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2317" +>Installation and Configuration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>16.5.1. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2324" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>16.5.2. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2337" +>Requirements</A +></DT +><DT +>16.5.3. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2351" +>Testing Things Out</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>16.6. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2566" +>Limitations</A +></DT +><DT +>16.7. <A +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2576" +>Conclusion</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>17. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +>Passdb MySQL plugin</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>17.1. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2590" +>Building</A +></DT +><DT +>17.2. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2596" +>Configuring</A +></DT +><DT +>17.3. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2611" +>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</A +></DT +><DT +>17.4. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2616" +>Getting non-column data from the table</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>18. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html" +>Passdb XML plugin</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>18.1. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2635" +>Building</A +></DT +><DT +>18.2. <A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2641" +>Usage</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>19. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>19.1. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2664" +>Purpose</A +></DT +><DT +>19.2. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2684" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>19.3. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2713" +>Supported LDAP Servers</A +></DT +><DT +>19.4. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2718" +>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.5. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2730" +>Configuring Samba with LDAP</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>19.5.1. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2732" +>OpenLDAP configuration</A +></DT +><DT +>19.5.2. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2749" +>Configuring Samba</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>19.6. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2777" +>Accounts and Groups management</A +></DT +><DT +>19.7. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2782" +>Security and sambaAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.8. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2802" +>LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</A +></DT +><DT +>19.9. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2872" +>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</A +></DT +><DT +>19.10. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2880" +>Comments</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>20. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>20.1. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2891" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>20.2. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2896" +>CVS Access to samba.org</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>20.2.1. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2899" +>Access via CVSweb</A +></DT +><DT +>20.2.2. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2904" +>Access via cvs</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>21. <A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +>Group mapping HOWTO</A +></DT +><DT +>22. <A +HREF="speed.html" +>Samba performance issues</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>22.1. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN2982" +>Comparisons</A +></DT +><DT +>22.2. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN2988" +>Oplocks</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>22.2.1. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN2990" +>Overview</A +></DT +><DT +>22.2.2. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN2998" +>Level2 Oplocks</A +></DT +><DT +>22.2.3. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3004" +>Old 'fake oplocks' option - deprecated</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>22.3. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3008" +>Socket options</A +></DT +><DT +>22.4. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3015" +>Read size</A +></DT +><DT +>22.5. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3020" +>Max xmit</A +></DT +><DT +>22.6. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3025" +>Locking</A +></DT +><DT +>22.7. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3029" +>Share modes</A +></DT +><DT +>22.8. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3034" +>Log level</A +></DT +><DT +>22.9. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3037" +>Wide lines</A +></DT +><DT +>22.10. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3040" +>Read raw</A +></DT +><DT +>22.11. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3045" +>Write raw</A +></DT +><DT +>22.12. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3049" +>Read prediction</A +></DT +><DT +>22.13. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3056" +>Memory mapping</A +></DT +><DT +>22.14. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3061" +>Slow Clients</A +></DT +><DT +>22.15. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3065" +>Slow Logins</A +></DT +><DT +>22.16. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3068" +>Client tuning</A +></DT +><DT +>22.17. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3100" +>My Results</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="domain-security.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
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General installation</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN20" +></A +><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>This part contains general info on how to install samba +and how to configure the parts of samba you will most likely need. +PLEASE read this.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>1. <A +HREF="install.html" +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN25" +>Read the man pages</A +></DT +><DT +>1.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN35" +>Building the Binaries</A +></DT +><DT +>1.3. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN63" +>The all important step</A +></DT +><DT +>1.4. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN67" +>Create the smb configuration file.</A +></DT +><DT +>1.5. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN81" +>Test your config file with + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +></A +></DT +><DT +>1.6. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN89" +>Starting the smbd and nmbd</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.6.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN99" +>Starting from inetd.conf</A +></DT +><DT +>1.6.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN128" +>Alternative: starting it as a daemon</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>1.7. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN144" +>Try listing the shares available on your + server</A +></DT +><DT +>1.8. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN153" +>Try connecting with the unix client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.9. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN169" +>Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, + Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN183" +>What If Things Don't Work?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>1.10.1. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN188" +>Diagnosing Problems</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.2. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN192" +>Scope IDs</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.3. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN195" +>Choosing the Protocol Level</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.4. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN204" +>Printing from UNIX to a Client PC</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.5. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN209" +>Locking</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10.6. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN218" +>Mapping Usernames</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>2. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +>Improved browsing in samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>2.1. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN228" +>Overview of browsing</A +></DT +><DT +>2.2. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN232" +>Browsing support in samba</A +></DT +><DT +>2.3. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN241" +>Problem resolution</A +></DT +><DT +>2.4. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN248" +>Browsing across subnets</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>2.4.1. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN253" +>How does cross subnet browsing work ?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>2.5. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN288" +>Setting up a WINS server</A +></DT +><DT +>2.6. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN307" +>Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A +></DT +><DT +>2.7. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN325" +>Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A +></DT +><DT +>2.8. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN335" +>Forcing samba to be the master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.9. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN344" +>Making samba the domain master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.10. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN362" +>Note about broadcast addresses</A +></DT +><DT +>2.11. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN365" +>Multiple interfaces</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>3. <A +HREF="oplocks.html" +>Oplocks</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>3.1. <A +HREF="oplocks.html#AEN377" +>What are oplocks?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>4. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +>Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>4.1. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN392" +>Discussion</A +></DT +><DT +>4.2. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN400" +>Use of the "Remote Announce" parameter</A +></DT +><DT +>4.3. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN414" +>Use of the "Remote Browse Sync" parameter</A +></DT +><DT +>4.4. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN419" +>Use of WINS</A +></DT +><DT +>4.5. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN430" +>Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</A +></DT +><DT +>4.6. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN436" +>Name Resolution Order</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>5. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>5.1. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN472" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>5.2. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN477" +>Important Notes About Security</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>5.2.1. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN496" +>Advantages of SMB Encryption</A +></DT +><DT +>5.2.2. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN503" +>Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>5.3. <A +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN512" +>The smbpasswd Command</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="install.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/p3106.html b/docs/htmldocs/p3106.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9967d8fb59 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/p3106.html @@ -0,0 +1,391 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Appendixes</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Samba performance issues" +HREF="speed.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Portability" +HREF="portability.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="speed.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="portability.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="AEN3106" +></A +><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>IV. Appendixes</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>23. <A +HREF="portability.html" +>Portability</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>23.1. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3115" +>HPUX</A +></DT +><DT +>23.2. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3121" +>SCO Unix</A +></DT +><DT +>23.3. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3125" +>DNIX</A +></DT +><DT +>23.4. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3154" +>RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24. <A +HREF="other-clients.html" +>Samba and other CIFS clients</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3175" +>Macintosh clients?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3184" +>OS2 Client</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.2.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3186" +>How can I configure OS/2 Warp Connect or + OS/2 Warp 4 as a client for Samba?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3201" +>How can I configure OS/2 Warp 3 (not Connect), + OS/2 1.2, 1.3 or 2.x for Samba?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3210" +>Are there any other issues when OS/2 (any version) + is used as a client?</A +></DT +><DT +>24.2.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3214" +>How do I get printer driver download working + for OS/2 clients?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3224" +>Windows for Workgroups</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>24.3.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3226" +>Use latest TCP/IP stack from Microsoft</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3231" +>Delete .pwl files after password change</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3236" +>Configure WfW password handling</A +></DT +><DT +>24.3.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3240" +>Case handling of passwords</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>24.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3245" +>Windows '95/'98</A +></DT +><DT +>24.5. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3261" +>Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>25. <A +HREF="bugreport.html" +>Reporting Bugs</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>25.1. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3285" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>25.2. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3295" +>General info</A +></DT +><DT +>25.3. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3301" +>Debug levels</A +></DT +><DT +>25.4. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3318" +>Internal errors</A +></DT +><DT +>25.5. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3328" +>Attaching to a running process</A +></DT +><DT +>25.6. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3331" +>Patches</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>26. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html" +>Diagnosing your samba server</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>26.1. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3354" +>Introduction</A +></DT +><DT +>26.2. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3359" +>Assumptions</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3369" +>Tests</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>26.3.1. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3371" +>Test 1</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.2. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3377" +>Test 2</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.3. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3383" +>Test 3</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.4. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3398" +>Test 4</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.5. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3403" +>Test 5</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.6. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3409" +>Test 6</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.7. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3417" +>Test 7</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.8. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3443" +>Test 8</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.9. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3460" +>Test 9</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.10. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3468" +>Test 10</A +></DT +><DT +>26.3.11. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3474" +>Test 11</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>26.4. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3479" +>Still having troubles?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="speed.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="portability.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba performance issues</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Portability</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/p544.html b/docs/htmldocs/p544.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..502d978b5f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/p544.html @@ -0,0 +1,388 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Type of installation</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba" +HREF="pwencrypt.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller" +HREF="samba-pdc.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="AEN544" +></A +><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>II. Type of installation</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN546" +></A +><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>This part contains information on using samba in a (NT 4 or ADS) domain. +If you wish to run samba as a domain member or DC, read the appropriate chapter in +this part.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN566" +>Prerequisite Reading</A +></DT +><DT +>6.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN572" +>Background</A +></DT +><DT +>6.3. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN611" +>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN654" +>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the +Domain</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.4.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN673" +>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN714" +>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4.3. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN723" +>Joining the Client to the Domain</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6.5. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN738" +>Common Problems and Errors</A +></DT +><DT +>6.6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN786" +>System Policies and Profiles</A +></DT +><DT +>6.7. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN830" +>What other help can I get?</A +></DT +><DT +>6.8. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN944" +>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.8.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN970" +>Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</A +></DT +><DT +>6.8.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN989" +>Configuration Instructions: Setting up Roaming User Profiles</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6.9. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1082" +>DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control & Samba</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>7. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html" +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1118" +>Prerequisite Reading</A +></DT +><DT +>7.2. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1122" +>Background</A +></DT +><DT +>7.3. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1130" +>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.3.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1133" +>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</A +></DT +><DT +>7.3.2. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1136" +>When is the PDC needed?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>7.4. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1139" +>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller?</A +></DT +><DT +>7.5. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1143" +>How do I set up a Samba BDC?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.5.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1160" +>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>8. <A +HREF="ads.html" +>Samba as a ADS domain member</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>8.1. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1178" +>Installing the required packages for Debian</A +></DT +><DT +>8.2. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1184" +>Installing the required packages for RedHat</A +></DT +><DT +>8.3. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1193" +>Compile Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>8.4. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1205" +>Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</A +></DT +><DT +>8.5. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1215" +>Create the computer account</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>8.5.1. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1219" +>Possible errors</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>8.6. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1231" +>Test your server setup</A +></DT +><DT +>8.7. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1236" +>Testing with smbclient</A +></DT +><DT +>8.8. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1239" +>Notes</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9. <A +HREF="domain-security.html" +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.1. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1261" +>Joining an NT Domain with Samba 2.2</A +></DT +><DT +>9.2. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1325" +>Samba and Windows 2000 Domains</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1330" +>Why is this better than security = server?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/pam.html b/docs/htmldocs/pam.html index f8624e94c5..ba2bf6c922 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/pam.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/pam.html @@ -1,280 +1,425 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 20. PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="InterdomainTrusts.html" title="Chapter 19. Interdomain Trust Relationships"><link rel="next" href="VFS.html" title="Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 20. PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="InterdomainTrusts.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="pam"></a>Chapter 20. PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (Jun 21 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="pam.html#id2897853">Samba and PAM</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898634">PAM Configuration in smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898691">Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="pam.html#id2898943">Distributed Authentication</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2897853"></a>Samba and PAM</h2></div></div><p> -A number of Unix systems (eg: Sun Solaris), as well as the +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists" +HREF="unix-permissions.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba" +HREF="msdfs.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="msdfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PAM">Chapter 12. Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1788">12.1. Samba and PAM</H1 +><P +>A number of Unix systems (eg: Sun Solaris), as well as the xxxxBSD family and Linux, now utilize the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) facility to provide all authentication, authorization and resource control services. Prior to the introduction of PAM, a decision to use an alternative to -the system password database (<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>) +the system password database (<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>) would require the provision of alternatives for all programs that provide security services. Such a choice would involve provision of -alternatives to such programs as: <b>login</b>, -<b>passwd</b>, <b>chown</b>, etc. -</p><p> -PAM provides a mechanism that disconnects these security programs +alternatives to such programs as: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>login</B +>, +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chown</B +>, etc.</P +><P +>PAM provides a mechanism that disconnects these security programs from the underlying authentication/authorization infrastructure. -PAM is configured either through one file <tt>/etc/pam.conf</tt> (Solaris), -or by editing individual files that are located in <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt>. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - If the PAM authentication module (loadable link library file) is located in the - default location then it is not necessary to specify the path. In the case of - Linux, the default location is <tt>/lib/security</tt>. If the module - is located outside the default then the path must be specified as: - - </p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /other_path/pam_strange_module.so - </pre><p> - </p></div><p> -The following is an example <tt>/etc/pam.d/login</tt> configuration file. +PAM is configured either through one file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.conf</TT +> (Solaris), +or by editing individual files that are located in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d</TT +>.</P +><P +>The following is an example <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/login</TT +> configuration file. This example had all options been uncommented is probably not usable as it stacks many conditions before allowing successful completion of the login process. Essentially all conditions can be disabled -by commenting them out except the calls to <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt>. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `login' service - # - auth required pam_securetty.so - auth required pam_nologin.so - # auth required pam_dialup.so - # auth optional pam_mail.so - auth required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 - # account requisite pam_time.so - account required pam_pwdb.so - session required pam_pwdb.so - # session optional pam_lastlog.so - # password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 -</pre><p> -PAM allows use of replacable modules. Those available on a -sample system include: -</p><p><tt>$</tt><b><tt>/bin/ls /lib/security</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - pam_access.so pam_ftp.so pam_limits.so - pam_ncp_auth.so pam_rhosts_auth.so pam_stress.so - pam_cracklib.so pam_group.so pam_listfile.so - pam_nologin.so pam_rootok.so pam_tally.so - pam_deny.so pam_issue.so pam_mail.so - pam_permit.so pam_securetty.so pam_time.so - pam_dialup.so pam_lastlog.so pam_mkhomedir.so - pam_pwdb.so pam_shells.so pam_unix.so - pam_env.so pam_ldap.so pam_motd.so - pam_radius.so pam_smbpass.so pam_unix_acct.so - pam_wheel.so pam_unix_auth.so pam_unix_passwd.so - pam_userdb.so pam_warn.so pam_unix_session.so -</pre><p> -The following example for the login program replaces the use of -the <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt> module which uses the system -password database (<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>, -<tt>/etc/shadow</tt>, <tt>/etc/group</tt>) with -the module <tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt> which uses the Samba +by commenting them out except the calls to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_pwdb.so</TT +>.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#%PAM-1.0 +# The PAM configuration file for the `login' service +# +auth required pam_securetty.so +auth required pam_nologin.so +# auth required pam_dialup.so +# auth optional pam_mail.so +auth required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 +# account requisite pam_time.so +account required pam_pwdb.so +session required pam_pwdb.so +# session optional pam_lastlog.so +# password required pam_cracklib.so retry=3 +password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5</PRE +></P +><P +>PAM allows use of replacable modules. Those available on a +sample system include:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>$ /bin/ls /lib/security +pam_access.so pam_ftp.so pam_limits.so +pam_ncp_auth.so pam_rhosts_auth.so pam_stress.so +pam_cracklib.so pam_group.so pam_listfile.so +pam_nologin.so pam_rootok.so pam_tally.so +pam_deny.so pam_issue.so pam_mail.so +pam_permit.so pam_securetty.so pam_time.so +pam_dialup.so pam_lastlog.so pam_mkhomedir.so +pam_pwdb.so pam_shells.so pam_unix.so +pam_env.so pam_ldap.so pam_motd.so +pam_radius.so pam_smbpass.so pam_unix_acct.so +pam_wheel.so pam_unix_auth.so pam_unix_passwd.so +pam_userdb.so pam_warn.so pam_unix_session.so</PRE +></P +><P +>The following example for the login program replaces the use of +the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_pwdb.so</TT +> module which uses the system +password database (<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>, +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/shadow</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group</TT +>) with +the module <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_smbpass.so</TT +> which uses the Samba database which contains the Microsoft MD4 encrypted password hashes. This database is stored in either -<tt>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</tt>, -<tt>/etc/samba/smbpasswd</tt>, or in -<tt>/etc/samba.d/smbpasswd</tt>, depending on the +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</TT +>, +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/samba/smbpasswd</TT +>, or in +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/samba.d/smbpasswd</TT +>, depending on the Samba implementation for your Unix/Linux system. The -<tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt> module is provided by +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_smbpass.so</TT +> module is provided by Samba version 2.2.1 or later. It can be compiled by specifying the -<b>--with-pam_smbpass</b> options when running Samba's -<tt>configure</tt> script. For more information -on the <tt>pam_smbpass</tt> module, see the documentation -in the <tt>source/pam_smbpass</tt> directory of the Samba -source distribution. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `login' service - # - auth required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - account required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - session required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - password required pam_smbpass.so nodelay -</pre><p> -The following is the PAM configuration file for a particular -Linux system. The default condition uses <tt>pam_pwdb.so</tt>. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service - # - auth required pam_pwdb.so nullok nodelay shadow audit - account required pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay - session required pam_pwdb.so nodelay - password required pam_pwdb.so shadow md5 -</pre><p> -In the following example the decision has been made to use the +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>--with-pam_smbpass</B +> options when running Samba's +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>configure</TT +> script. For more information +on the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_smbpass</TT +> module, see the documentation +in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>source/pam_smbpass</TT +> directory of the Samba +source distribution.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#%PAM-1.0 +# The PAM configuration file for the `login' service +# +auth required pam_smbpass.so nodelay +account required pam_smbpass.so nodelay +session required pam_smbpass.so nodelay +password required pam_smbpass.so nodelay</PRE +></P +><P +>The following is the PAM configuration file for a particular +Linux system. The default condition uses <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_pwdb.so</TT +>.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#%PAM-1.0 +# The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service +# +auth required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nullok nodelay shadow audit +account required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay +session required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nodelay +password required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow md5</PRE +></P +><P +>In the following example the decision has been made to use the smbpasswd database even for basic samba authentication. Such a decision could also be made for the passwd program and would thus allow the smbpasswd passwords to be changed using the passwd -program. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service - # - auth required pam_smbpass.so nodelay - account required pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay - session required pam_pwdb.so nodelay - password required pam_smbpass.so nodelay smbconf=/etc/samba.d/smb.conf -</pre><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>PAM allows stacking of authentication mechanisms. It is +program.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#%PAM-1.0 +# The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service +# +auth required /lib/security/pam_smbpass.so nodelay +account required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay +session required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nodelay +password required /lib/security/pam_smbpass.so nodelay smbconf=/etc/samba.d/smb.conf</PRE +></P +><P +>Note: PAM allows stacking of authentication mechanisms. It is also possible to pass information obtained within one PAM module through to the next module in the PAM stack. Please refer to the documentation for your particular system implementation for details regarding the specific capabilities of PAM in this environment. Some Linux implmentations also -provide the <tt>pam_stack.so</tt> module that allows all +provide the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_stack.so</TT +> module that allows all authentication to be configured in a single central file. The -<tt>pam_stack.so</tt> method has some very devoted followers +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_stack.so</TT +> method has some very devoted followers on the basis that it allows for easier administration. As with all issues in life though, every decision makes trade-offs, so you may want examine the -PAM documentation for further helpful information. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2898634"></a>PAM Configuration in smb.conf</h3></div></div><p> -There is an option in smb.conf called <a href="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS" target="_top">obey pam restrictions</a>. -The following is from the on-line help for this option in SWAT; -</p><p> -When Samba is configured to enable PAM support (i.e. -<tt>--with-pam</tt>), this parameter will +PAM documentation for further helpful information.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1832">12.2. Distributed Authentication</H1 +><P +>The astute administrator will realize from this that the +combination of <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_smbpass.so</TT +>, +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +>, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rsync</B +> (see +<A +HREF="http://rsync.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://rsync.samba.org/</A +>) +will allow the establishment of a centrally managed, distributed +user/password database that can also be used by all +PAM (eg: Linux) aware programs and applications. This arrangement +can have particularly potent advantages compared with the +use of Microsoft Active Directory Service (ADS) in so far as +reduction of wide area network authentication traffic.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1839">12.3. PAM Configuration in smb.conf</H1 +><P +>There is an option in smb.conf called <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS" +TARGET="_top" +>obey pam restrictions</A +>. +The following is from the on-line help for this option in SWAT;</P +><P +>When Samba 2.2 is configure to enable PAM support (i.e. +<TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>--with-pam</TT +>), this parameter will control whether or not Samba should obey PAM's account and session management directives. The default behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba always ignores PAM for authentication in the case of -<a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">encrypt passwords = yes</a>. +<A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +TARGET="_top" +>encrypt passwords = yes</A +>. The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB -password encryption. -</p><p>Default: <b>obey pam restrictions = no</b></p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2898691"></a>Password Synchronisation using pam_smbpass.so</h3></div></div><p> -pam_smbpass is a PAM module which can be used on conforming systems to -keep the smbpasswd (Samba password) database in sync with the unix -password file. PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) is an API supported -under some Unices, such as Solaris, HPUX and Linux, that provides a -generic interface to authentication mechanisms. -</p><p> -For more information on PAM, see http://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/libs/pam/ -</p><p> -This module authenticates a local smbpasswd user database. If you require -support for authenticating against a remote SMB server, or if you're -concerned about the presence of suid root binaries on your system, it is -recommended that you use pam_winbind instead. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -Options recognized by this module are as follows: - - debug - log more debugging info - audit - like debug, but also logs unknown usernames - use_first_pass - don't prompt the user for passwords; - take them from PAM_ items instead - try_first_pass - try to get the password from a previous - PAM module, fall back to prompting the user - use_authtok - like try_first_pass, but *fail* if the new - PAM_AUTHTOK has not been previously set. - (intended for stacking password modules only) - not_set_pass - don't make passwords used by this module - available to other modules. - nodelay - don't insert ~1 second delays on authentication - failure. - nullok - null passwords are allowed. - nonull - null passwords are not allowed. Used to - override the Samba configuration. - migrate - only meaningful in an "auth" context; - used to update smbpasswd file with a - password used for successful authentication. - smbconf=< file > - specify an alternate path to the smb.conf - file. -</pre><pre class="programlisting"> -Thanks go to the following people: - - * Andrew Morgan < morgan@transmeta.com >, for providing the Linux-PAM - framework, without which none of this would have happened - - * Christian Gafton < gafton@redhat.com > and Andrew Morgan again, for the - pam_pwdb module upon which pam_smbpass was originally based - - * Luke Leighton < lkcl@switchboard.net > for being receptive to the idea, - and for the occasional good-natured complaint about the project's status - that keep me working on it :) - - * and of course, all the other members of the Samba team - <http://www.samba.org/samba/team.html>, for creating a great product - and for giving this project a purpose - - --------------------- - Stephen Langasek < vorlon@netexpress.net > -</pre><p> -The following are examples of the use of pam_smbpass.so in the format of Linux -<tt>/etc/pam.d/</tt> files structure. Those wishing to implement this -tool on other platforms will need to adapt this appropriately. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2898803"></a>Password Synchonisation Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to make -sure private/smbpasswd is kept in sync when /etc/passwd (/etc/shadow) -is changed. Useful when an expired password might be changed by an -application (such as ssh). -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-sync - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth required pam_unix.so - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2898838"></a>Password Migration Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows the use of pam_smbpass to migrate -from plaintext to encrypted passwords for Samba. Unlike other methods, -this can be used for users who have never connected to Samba shares: -password migration takes place when users ftp in, login using ssh, pop -their mail, etc. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-migration - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - # pam_smbpass is called IFF pam_unix succeeds. - auth requisite pam_unix.so - auth optional pam_smbpass.so migrate - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2898875"></a>Mature Password Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration for a 'mature' smbpasswd installation. -private/smbpasswd is fully populated, and we consider it an error if -the smbpasswd doesn't exist or doesn't match the Unix password. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # password-mature - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth required pam_unix.so - account required pam_unix.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password requisite pam_unix.so shadow md5 use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_smbpass.so use_authtok use_first_pass - session required pam_unix.so -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2898908"></a>Kerberos Password Integration Configuration</h4></div></div><p> -A sample PAM configuration that shows pam_smbpass used together with -pam_krb5. This could be useful on a Samba PDC that is also a member of -a Kerberos realm. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - #%PAM-1.0 - # kdc-pdc - # - auth requisite pam_nologin.so - auth requisite pam_krb5.so - auth optional pam_smbpass.so migrate - account required pam_krb5.so - password requisite pam_cracklib.so retry=3 - password optional pam_smbpass.so nullok use_authtok try_first_pass - password required pam_krb5.so use_authtok try_first_pass - session required pam_krb5.so -</pre></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2898943"></a>Distributed Authentication</h2></div></div><p> -The astute administrator will realize from this that the -combination of <tt>pam_smbpass.so</tt>, -<b>winbindd</b>, and a distributed -passdb backend, such as ldap, will allow the establishment of a -centrally managed, distributed -user/password database that can also be used by all -PAM (eg: Linux) aware programs and applications. This arrangement -can have particularly potent advantages compared with the -use of Microsoft Active Directory Service (ADS) in so far as -reduction of wide area network authentication traffic. -</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="InterdomainTrusts.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="VFS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 19. Interdomain Trust Relationships </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +password encryption. </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>obey pam restrictions = no</B +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="unix-permissions.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="msdfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/pdb-mysql.html b/docs/htmldocs/pdb-mysql.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..abca946f6f --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/pdb-mysql.html @@ -0,0 +1,288 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Passdb MySQL plugin</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind" +HREF="winbind.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Passdb XML plugin" +HREF="pdb-xml.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="winbind.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pdb-xml.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PDB-MYSQL">Chapter 16. Passdb MySQL plugin</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2566">16.1. Building</H1 +><P +>To build the plugin, run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make bin/pdb_mysql.so</B +> +in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>source/</TT +> directory of samba distribution. </P +><P +>Next, copy pdb_mysql.so to any location you want. I +strongly recommend installing it in $PREFIX/lib or /usr/lib/samba/</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2572">16.2. Configuring</H1 +><P +>This plugin lacks some good documentation, but here is some short info:</P +><P +>Add a the following to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend</B +> variable in your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>: +<PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>passdb backend = [other-plugins] plugin:/location/to/pdb_mysql.so:identifier [other-plugins]</PRE +></P +><P +>The identifier can be any string you like, as long as it doesn't collide with +the identifiers of other plugins or other instances of pdb_mysql. If you +specify multiple pdb_mysql.so entries in 'passdb backend', you also need to +use different identifiers!</P +><P +>Additional options can be given thru the smb.conf file in the [global] section.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>identifier:mysql host - host name, defaults to 'localhost' +identifier:mysql password +identifier:mysql user - defaults to 'samba' +identifier:mysql database - defaults to 'samba' +identifier:mysql port - defaults to 3306 +identifier:table - Name of the table containing users</PRE +></P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>WARNING: since the password for the mysql user is stored in the +smb.conf file, you should make the the smb.conf file +readable only to the user that runs samba. This is considered a security +bug and will be fixed soon.</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Names of the columns in this table(I've added column types those columns should have first):</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>identifier:logon time column - int(9) +identifier:logoff time column - int(9) +identifier:kickoff time column - int(9) +identifier:pass last set time column - int(9) +identifier:pass can change time column - int(9) +identifier:pass must change time column - int(9) +identifier:username column - varchar(255) - unix username +identifier:domain column - varchar(255) - NT domain user is part of +identifier:nt username column - varchar(255) - NT username +identifier:fullname column - varchar(255) - Full name of user +identifier:home dir column - varchar(255) - Unix homedir path +identifier:dir drive column - varchar(2) - Directory drive path (eg: 'H:') +identifier:logon script column - varchar(255) - Batch file to run on client side when logging on +identifier:profile path column - varchar(255) - Path of profile +identifier:acct desc column - varchar(255) - Some ASCII NT user data +identifier:workstations column - varchar(255) - Workstations user can logon to (or NULL for all) +identifier:unknown string column - varchar(255) - unknown string +identifier:munged dial column - varchar(255) - ? +identifier:uid column - int(9) - Unix user ID (uid) +identifier:gid column - int(9) - Unix user group (gid) +identifier:user sid column - varchar(255) - NT user SID +identifier:group sid column - varchar(255) - NT group ID +identifier:lanman pass column - varchar(255) - encrypted lanman password +identifier:nt pass column - varchar(255) - encrypted nt passwd +identifier:plain pass column - varchar(255) - plaintext password +identifier:acct control column - int(9) - nt user data +identifier:unknown 3 column - int(9) - unknown +identifier:logon divs column - int(9) - ? +identifier:hours len column - int(9) - ? +identifier:unknown 5 column - int(9) - unknown +identifier:unknown 6 column - int(9) - unknown</PRE +></P +><P +>Eventually, you can put a colon (:) after the name of each column, which +should specify the column to update when updating the table. You can also +specify nothing behind the colon - then the data from the field will not be +updated. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2589">16.3. Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</H1 +><P +>I strongly discourage the use of plaintext passwords, however, you can use them:</P +><P +>If you would like to use plaintext passwords, set 'identifier:lanman pass column' and 'identifier:nt pass column' to 'NULL' (without the quotes) and 'identifier:plain pass column' to the name of the column containing the plaintext passwords. </P +><P +>If you use encrypted passwords, set the 'identifier:plain pass column' to 'NULL' (without the quotes). This is the default.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2594">16.4. Getting non-column data from the table</H1 +><P +>It is possible to have not all data in the database and making some 'constant'.</P +><P +>For example, you can set 'identifier:fullname column' to : +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>CONCAT(First_name,' ',Sur_name)</B +></P +><P +>Or, set 'identifier:workstations column' to : +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NULL</B +></P +><P +>See the MySQL documentation for more language constructs.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="winbind.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pdb-xml.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Passdb XML plugin</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/pdb-xml.html b/docs/htmldocs/pdb-xml.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..4d300d7be0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/pdb-xml.html @@ -0,0 +1,184 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Passdb XML plugin</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Passdb MySQL plugin" +HREF="pdb-mysql.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Stackable VFS modules" +HREF="vfs.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="vfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PDB-XML">Chapter 17. Passdb XML plugin</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2613">17.1. Building</H1 +><P +>This module requires libxml2 to be installed.</P +><P +>To build pdb_xml, run: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make bin/pdb_xml.so</B +> in +the directory <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>source/</TT +>. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2619">17.2. Usage</H1 +><P +>The usage of pdb_xml is pretty straightforward. To export data, use: + +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -e plugin:/usr/lib/samba/pdb_xml.so:filename</B +> + +(where filename is the name of the file to put the data in)</P +><P +>To import data, use: +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -i plugin:/usr/lib/samba/pdb_xml.so:filename -e current-pdb</B +> + +Where filename is the name to read the data from and current-pdb to put it in.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="vfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Passdb MySQL plugin</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Stackable VFS modules</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/pdbedit.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/pdbedit.8.html index f239011639..7b85e2bb80 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/pdbedit.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/pdbedit.8.html @@ -1,131 +1,606 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>pdbedit</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="pdbedit.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>pdbedit — manage the SAM database</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>pdbedit</tt> [-l] [-v] [-w] [-u username] [-f fullname] [-h homedir] [-D drive] [-S script] [-p profile] [-a] [-m] [-x] [-i passdb-backend] [-e passdb-backend] [-g] [-b passdb-backend] [-g] [-d debuglevel] [-s configfile] [-P account-policy] [-C value]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>The pdbedit program is used to manage the users accounts - stored in the sam database and can only be run by root.</p><p>The pdbedit tool uses the passdb modular interface and is +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>pdbedit</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PDBEDIT">pdbedit</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>pdbedit -- manage the SAM database</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit</B +> [-l] [-v] [-w] [-u username] [-f fullname] [-h homedir] [-D drive] [-S script] [-p profile] [-a] [-m] [-x] [-i passdb-backend] [-e passdb-backend] [-g] [-b passdb-backend] [-d debuglevel] [-s configfile] [-P account-policy] [-V value]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN31" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>The pdbedit program is used to manage the users accounts + stored in the sam database and can only be run by root.</P +><P +>The pdbedit tool uses the passdb modular interface and is independent from the kind of users database used (currently there are smbpasswd, ldap, nis+ and tdb based and more can be added - without changing the tool).</p><p>There are five main ways to use pdbedit: adding a user account, + without changing the tool).</P +><P +>There are five main ways to use pdbedit: adding a user account, removing a user account, modifing a user account, listing user - accounts, importing users accounts.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-l</span></dt><dd><p>This option lists all the user accounts + accounts, importing users accounts.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN38" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-l</DT +><DD +><P +>This option lists all the user accounts present in the users database. This option prints a list of user/uid pairs separated by - the ':' character.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -l</b></p><pre class="screen"> -sorce:500:Simo Sorce -samba:45:Test User -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt><dd><p>This option enables the verbose listing format. + the ':' character.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -l</B +></P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> sorce:500:Simo Sorce + samba:45:Test User + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +>-v</DT +><DD +><P +>This option enables the verbose listing format. It causes pdbedit to list the users in the database, printing - out the account fields in a descriptive format.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -l -v</b></p><pre class="screen"> ---------------- -username: sorce -user ID/Group: 500/500 -user RID/GRID: 2000/2001 -Full Name: Simo Sorce -Home Directory: \\BERSERKER\sorce -HomeDir Drive: H: -Logon Script: \\BERSERKER\netlogon\sorce.bat -Profile Path: \\BERSERKER\profile ---------------- -username: samba -user ID/Group: 45/45 -user RID/GRID: 1090/1091 -Full Name: Test User -Home Directory: \\BERSERKER\samba -HomeDir Drive: -Logon Script: -Profile Path: \\BERSERKER\profile -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">-w</span></dt><dd><p>This option sets the "smbpasswd" listing format. + out the account fields in a descriptive format.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -l -v</B +></P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> --------------- + username: sorce + user ID/Group: 500/500 + user RID/GRID: 2000/2001 + Full Name: Simo Sorce + Home Directory: \\BERSERKER\sorce + HomeDir Drive: H: + Logon Script: \\BERSERKER\netlogon\sorce.bat + Profile Path: \\BERSERKER\profile + --------------- + username: samba + user ID/Group: 45/45 + user RID/GRID: 1090/1091 + Full Name: Test User + Home Directory: \\BERSERKER\samba + HomeDir Drive: + Logon Script: + Profile Path: \\BERSERKER\profile + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +>-w</DT +><DD +><P +>This option sets the "smbpasswd" listing format. It will make pdbedit list the users in the database, printing out the account fields in a format compatible with the - <tt>smbpasswd</tt> file format. (see the - <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> for details)</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -l -w</b></p><pre class="screen"> -sorce:500:508818B733CE64BEAAD3B435B51404EE:D2A2418EFC466A8A0F6B1DBB5C3DB80C:[UX ]:LCT-00000000: -samba:45:0F2B255F7B67A7A9AAD3B435B51404EE:BC281CE3F53B6A5146629CD4751D3490:[UX ]:LCT-3BFA1E8D: -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">-u username</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies the username to be + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +> file format. (see the <A +HREF="smbpasswd.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd(5)</TT +></A +> for details)</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -l -w</B +></P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> sorce:500:508818B733CE64BEAAD3B435B51404EE:D2A2418EFC466A8A0F6B1DBB5C3DB80C:[UX ]:LCT-00000000: + samba:45:0F2B255F7B67A7A9AAD3B435B51404EE:BC281CE3F53B6A5146629CD4751D3490:[UX ]:LCT-3BFA1E8D: + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +>-u username</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies the username to be used for the operation requested (listing, adding, removing). - It is <span class="emphasis"><em>required</em></span> in add, remove and modify - operations and <span class="emphasis"><em>optional</em></span> in list - operations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-f fullname</span></dt><dd><p>This option can be used while adding or + It is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>required</I +> in add, remove and modify + operations and <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>optional</I +> in list + operations.</P +></DD +><DT +>-f fullname</DT +><DD +><P +>This option can be used while adding or modifing a user account. It will specify the user's full - name. </p><p>Example: <b>-f "Simo Sorce"</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h homedir</span></dt><dd><p>This option can be used while adding or + name. </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-f "Simo Sorce"</B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-h homedir</DT +><DD +><P +>This option can be used while adding or modifing a user account. It will specify the user's home - directory network path.</p><p>Example: <b>-h "\\\\BERSERKER\\sorce"</b> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-D drive</span></dt><dd><p>This option can be used while adding or + directory network path.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-h "\\\\BERSERKER\\sorce"</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-D drive</DT +><DD +><P +>This option can be used while adding or modifing a user account. It will specify the windows drive - letter to be used to map the home directory.</p><p>Example: <b>-d "H:"</b> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S script</span></dt><dd><p>This option can be used while adding or + letter to be used to map the home directory.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-d "H:"</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S script</DT +><DD +><P +>This option can be used while adding or modifing a user account. It will specify the user's logon - script path.</p><p>Example: <b>-s "\\\\BERSERKER\\netlogon\\sorce.bat"</b> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p profile</span></dt><dd><p>This option can be used while adding or + script path.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-s "\\\\BERSERKER\\netlogon\\sorce.bat"</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-p profile</DT +><DD +><P +>This option can be used while adding or modifing a user account. It will specify the user's profile - directory.</p><p>Example: <b>-p "\\\\BERSERKER\\netlogon"</b> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt><dd><p>This option is used to add a user into the + directory.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-p "\\\\BERSERKER\\netlogon"</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-a</DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used to add a user into the database. This command needs a user name specified with the -u switch. When adding a new user, pdbedit will also - ask for the password to be used.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -a -u sorce</b> -</p><pre class="programlisting">new password: -retype new password -</pre><p> -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt><dd><p>This option may only be used in conjunction - with the <i><tt>-a</tt></i> option. It will make + ask for the password to be used.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -a -u sorce</B +> + <TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>new password: + retype new password</PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-m</DT +><DD +><P +>This option may only be used in conjunction + with the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-a</I +></TT +> option. It will make pdbedit to add a machine trust account instead of a user - account (-u username will provide the machine name).</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -a -m -u w2k-wks</b> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-x</span></dt><dd><p>This option causes pdbedit to delete an account + account (-u username will provide the machine name).</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -a -m -u w2k-wks</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +>-x</DT +><DD +><P +>This option causes pdbedit to delete an account from the database. It needs a username specified with the - -u switch.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -x -u bob</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i passdb-backend</span></dt><dd><p>Use a different passdb backend to retrieve users + -u switch.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -x -u bob</B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-i passdb-backend</DT +><DD +><P +>Use a different passdb backend to retrieve users than the one specified in smb.conf. Can be used to import data into - your local user database.</p><p>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to - another.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -i smbpasswd:/etc/smbpasswd.old - </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-e passdb-backend</span></dt><dd><p>Exports all currently available users to the - specified password database backend.</p><p>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to - another and will ease backing up.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -e smbpasswd:/root/samba-users.backup</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt><dd><p>If you specify <i><tt>-g</tt></i>, - then <i><tt>-i in-backend -e out-backend</tt></i> - applies to the group mapping instead of the user database.</p><p>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to - another and will ease backing up.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt><dd><p>If you specify <i><tt>-g</tt></i>, - then <i><tt>-i in-backend -e out-backend</tt></i> - applies to the group mapping instead of the user database.</p><p>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to - another and will ease backing up.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-b passdb-backend</span></dt><dd><p>Use a different default passdb backend. </p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -b xml:/root/pdb-backup.xml -l</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-P account-policy</span></dt><dd><p>Display an account policy</p><p>Valid policies are: minimum password age, reset count minutes, disconnect time, + your local user database.</P +><P +>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to + another.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -i smbpasswd:/etc/smbpasswd.old + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-e passdb-backend</DT +><DD +><P +>Exports all currently available users to the + specified password database backend.</P +><P +>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to + another and will ease backing up.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -e smbpasswd:/root/samba-users.backup</B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-g</DT +><DD +><P +>If you specify <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-g</I +></TT +>, + then <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-i in-backend -e out-backend</I +></TT +> + applies to the group mapping instead of the user database. + </P +><P +>This option will ease migration from one passdb backend to + another and will ease backing up.</P +></DD +><DT +>-b passdb-backend</DT +><DD +><P +>Use a different default passdb backend. </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -b xml:/root/pdb-backup.xml -l</B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-P account-policy</DT +><DD +><P +>Display an account policy</P +><P +>Valid policies are: minimum password age, reset count minutes, disconnect time, user must logon to change password, password history, lockout duration, min password length, - maximum password age and bad lockout attempt.</p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -P "bad lockout attempt"</b></p><pre class="programlisting"> -account policy value for bad lockout attempt is 0 -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">-C account-policy-value</span></dt><dd><p>Sets an account policy to a specified value. + maximum password age and bad lockout attempt.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -P "bad lockout attempt"</B +></P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> account policy value for bad lockout attempt is 0 + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +>-V account-policy-value</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets an account policy to a specified value. This option may only be used in conjunction - with the <i><tt>-P</tt></i> option. - </p><p>Example: <b>pdbedit -P "bad lockout attempt" -C 3</b></p><pre class="programlisting"> -account policy value for bad lockout attempt was 0 -account policy value for bad lockout attempt is now 3 -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer + with the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-P</I +></TT +> option. + </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pdbedit -P "bad lockout attempt" -V 3</B +></P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> account policy value for bad lockout attempt was 0 + account policy value for bad lockout attempt is now 3 + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +>-d|--debug=debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be +not specified is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of the server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable +information about operations carried out.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>NOTES</h2><p>This command may be used only by root.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a>, <a href="samba.7.html">samba(7)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities +data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will +override the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" +TARGET="_top" +>log +level</A +> parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h|--help</DT +><DD +><P +>Print a summary of command line options.</P +></DD +><DT +>-s <configuration file></DT +><DD +><P +>The file specified contains the +configuration details required by the server. The +information in this file includes server-specific +information such as what printcap file to use, as well +as descriptions of all the services that the server is +to provide. See <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> for more information. +The default configuration file name is determined at +compile time.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN190" +></A +><H2 +>NOTES</H2 +><P +>This command may be used only by root.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN193" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN196" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbpasswd(8)</A +>, + <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN201" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook - XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/policymgmt.html b/docs/htmldocs/policymgmt.html deleted file mode 100644 index 5d0c9b19f9..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/policymgmt.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,758 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->System and Account Policies</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Advanced Network Manangement" -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Desktop Profile Management" -HREF="profilemgmt.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="profilemgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="POLICYMGMT" -></A ->Chapter 17. System and Account Policies</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->17.1. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN2958" ->Creating and Managing System Policies</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->17.1.1. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN2972" ->Windows 9x/Me Policies</A -></DT -><DT ->17.1.2. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN2984" ->Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</A -></DT -><DT ->17.1.3. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3002" ->MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->17.2. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3030" ->Managing Account/User Policies</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->17.2.1. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3045" ->With Windows NT4/200x</A -></DT -><DT ->17.2.2. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3048" ->With a Samba PDC</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->17.3. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3052" ->System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN2958" ->17.1. Creating and Managing System Policies</A -></H1 -><P ->Under MS Windows platforms, particularly those following the release of MS Windows -NT4 and MS Windows 95) it is possible to create a type of file that would be placed -in the NETLOGON share of a domain controller. As the client logs onto the network -this file is read and the contents initiate changes to the registry of the client -machine. This file allows changes to be made to those parts of the registry that -affect users, groups of users, or machines.</P -><P ->For MS Windows 9x/Me this file must be called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Config.POL</TT -> and may -be generated using a tool called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->poledit.exe</TT ->, better known as the -Policy Editor. The policy editor was provided on the Windows 98 installation CD, but -dissappeared again with the introduction of MS Windows Me (Millenium Edition). From -comments from MS Windows network administrators it would appear that this tool became -a part of the MS Windows Me Resource Kit.</P -><P ->MS Windows NT4 Server products include the <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->System Policy Editor</I -></SPAN -> -under the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Start -> Programs -> Administrative Tools</TT -> menu item. -For MS Windows NT4 and later clients this file must be called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTConfig.POL</TT ->.</P -><P ->New with the introduction of MS Windows 2000 was the Microsoft Management Console -or MMC. This tool is the new wave in the ever changing landscape of Microsoft -methods for management of network access and security. Every new Microsoft product -or technology seems to obsolete the old rules and to introduce newer and more -complex tools and methods. To Microsoft's credit though, the MMC does appear to -be a step forward, but improved functionality comes at a great price.</P -><P ->Before embarking on the configuration of network and system policies it is highly -advisable to read the documentation available from Microsoft's web site regarding -<A -HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp" -TARGET="_top" ->Implementing Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0 from http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp</A -> available from Microsoft. -There are a large number of documents in addition to this old one that should also -be read and understood. Try searching on the Microsoft web site for "Group Policies".</P -><P ->What follows is a very brief discussion with some helpful notes. The information provided -here is incomplete - you are warned.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN2972" ->17.1.1. Windows 9x/Me Policies</A -></H2 -><P ->You need the Win98 Group Policy Editor to set Group Profiles up under Windows 9x/Me. -It can be found on the Original full product Win98 installation CD under -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->tools/reskit/netadmin/poledit</TT ->. Install this using the -Add/Remove Programs facility and then click on the 'Have Disk' tab.</P -><P ->Use the Group Policy Editor to create a policy file that specifies the location of -user profiles and/or the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->My Documents</TT -> etc. stuff. Then -save these settings in a file called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Config.POL</TT -> that needs to -be placed in the root of the [NETLOGON] share. If Win98 is configured to log onto -the Samba Domain, it will automatically read this file and update the Win9x/Me registry -of the machine as it logs on.</P -><P ->Further details are covered in the Win98 Resource Kit documentation.</P -><P ->If you do not take the right steps, then every so often Win9x/Me will check the -integrity of the registry and will restore it's settings from the back-up -copy of the registry it stores on each Win9x/Me machine. Hence, you will -occasionally notice things changing back to the original settings.</P -><P ->Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies. Look on the -Win98 CD in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</TT ->. -Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->grouppol.inf</TT ->. Log off and on again a couple of times and see -if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs to be done on every -Win9x/Me machine that uses group policies.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN2984" ->17.1.2. Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</A -></H2 -><P ->To create or edit <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->ntconfig.pol</TT -> you must use the NT Server -Policy Editor, <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->poledit.exe</B -> which is included with NT4 Server -but <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->not NT Workstation</I -></SPAN ->. There is a Policy Editor on a NT4 -Workstation but it is not suitable for creating <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Domain Policies</I -></SPAN ->. -Further, although the Windows 95 Policy Editor can be installed on an NT4 -Workstation/Server, it will not work with NT clients. However, the files from -the NT Server will run happily enough on an NT4 Workstation.</P -><P ->You need <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->poledit.exe, common.adm</TT -> and <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->winnt.adm</TT ->. -It is convenient to put the two *.adm files in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->c:\winnt\inf</TT -> -directory which is where the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that -directory is normally 'hidden'.</P -><P ->The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and -later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->servicepackname /x</B ->, -i.e. that's <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</B -> for service pack 6a. The policy editor, -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->poledit.exe</B -> and the associated template files (*.adm) should -be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template -files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible -location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN2999" ->17.1.2.1. Registry Tattoos</A -></H3 -><P -> With NT4 style registry based policy changes, a large number of settings are not - automatically reversed as the user logs off. Since the settings that were in the - NTConfig.POL file were applied to the client machine registry and that apply to the - hive key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are permanent until explicitly reversed. This is known - as tattooing. It can have serious consequences down-stream and the administrator must - be extremely careful not to lock out the ability to manage the machine at a later date. - </P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3002" ->17.1.3. MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</A -></H2 -><P ->Windows NT4 System policies allows setting of registry parameters specific to -users, groups and computers (client workstations) that are members of the NT4 -style domain. Such policy file will work with MS Windows 2000 / XP clients also.</P -><P ->New to MS Windows 2000 Microsoft introduced a new style of group policy that confers -a superset of capabilities compared with NT4 style policies. Obviously, the tool used -to create them is different, and the mechanism for implementing them is much changed.</P -><P ->The older NT4 style registry based policies are known as <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Administrative Templates</I -></SPAN -> -in MS Windows 2000/XP Group Policy Objects (GPOs). The later includes ability to set various security -configurations, enforce Internet Explorer browser settings, change and redirect aspects of the -users' desktop (including: the location of <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->My Documents</I -></SPAN -> files (directory), as -well as intrinsics of where menu items will appear in the Start menu). An additional new -feature is the ability to make available particular software Windows applications to particular -users and/or groups.</P -><P ->Remember: NT4 policy files are named <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTConfig.POL</TT -> and are stored in the root -of the NETLOGON share on the domain controllers. A Windows NT4 user enters a username, a password -and selects the domain name to which the logon will attempt to take place. During the logon -process the client machine reads the NTConfig.POL file from the NETLOGON share on the authenticating -server, modifies the local registry values according to the settings in this file.</P -><P ->Windows 2K GPOs are very feature rich. They are NOT stored in the NETLOGON share, rather part of -a Windows 200x policy file is stored in the Active Directory itself and the other part is stored -in a shared (and replicated) volume called the SYSVOL folder. This folder is present on all Active -Directory domain controllers. The part that is stored in the Active Directory itself is called the -group policy container (GPC), and the part that is stored in the replicated share called SYSVOL is -known as the group policy template (GPT).</P -><P ->With NT4 clients the policy file is read and executed upon only aas each user log onto the network. -MS Windows 200x policies are much more complex - GPOs are processed and applied at client machine -startup (machine specific part) and when the user logs onto the network the user specific part -is applied. In MS Windows 200x style policy management each machine and/or user may be subject -to any number of concurently applicable (and applied) policy sets (GPOs). Active Directory allows -the administrator to also set filters over the policy settings. No such equivalent capability -exists with NT4 style policy files.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3013" ->17.1.3.1. Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</A -></H3 -><DIV -CLASS="PROCEDURE" -><P -><B ->Instructions</B -></P -><P ->Instead of using the tool called "The System Policy Editor", commonly called Poledit (from the -executable name poledit.exe), GPOs are created and managed using a Microsoft Management Console -(MMC) snap-in as follows:</P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P ->Go to the Windows 200x / XP menu <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Start->Programs->Administrative Tools</TT -> - and select the MMC snap-in called "Active Directory Users and Computers"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select the domain or organizational unit (OU) that you wish to manage, then right click -to open the context menu for that object, select the properties item.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now left click on the Group Policy tab, then left click on the New tab. Type a name -for the new policy you will create.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now left click on the Edit tab to commence the steps needed to create the GPO.</P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -><P ->All policy configuration options are controlled through the use of policy administrative -templates. These files have a .adm extension, both in NT4 as well as in Windows 200x / XP. -Beware however, since the .adm files are NOT interchangible across NT4 and Windows 200x. -The later introduces many new features as well as extended definition capabilities. It is -well beyond the scope of this documentation to explain how to program .adm files, for that -the adminsitrator is referred to the Microsoft Windows Resource Kit for your particular -version of MS Windows.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->The MS Windows 2000 Resource Kit contains a tool called gpolmig.exe. This tool can be used -to migrate an NT4 NTConfig.POL file into a Windows 200x style GPO. Be VERY careful how you -use this powerful tool. Please refer to the resource kit manuals for specific usage information.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3030" ->17.2. Managing Account/User Policies</A -></H1 -><P ->Policies can define a specific user's settings or the settings for a group of users. The resulting -policy file contains the registry settings for all users, groups, and computers that will be using -the policy file. Separate policy files for each user, group, or computer are not not necessary.</P -><P ->If you create a policy that will be automatically downloaded from validating domain controllers, -you should name the file NTconfig.POL. As system administrator, you have the option of renaming the -policy file and, by modifying the Windows NT-based workstation, directing the computer to update -the policy from a manual path. You can do this by either manually changing the registry or by using -the System Policy Editor. This path can even be a local path such that each machine has its own policy file, -but if a change is necessary to all machines, this change must be made individually to each workstation.</P -><P ->When a Windows NT4/200x/XP machine logs onto the network the NETLOGON share on the authenticating domain -controller for the presence of the NTConfig.POL file. If one exists it is downloaded, parsed and then -applied to the user's part of the registry.</P -><P ->MS Windows 200x/XP clients that log onto an MS Windows Active Directory security domain may additionally, -acquire policy settings through Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that are defined and stored in Active Directory -itself. The key benefit of using AS GPOs is that they impose no registry <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->tatooing</I -></SPAN -> effect. -This has considerable advanage compared with the use of NTConfig.POL (NT4) style policy updates.</P -><P ->Inaddition to user access controls that may be imposed or applied via system and/or group policies -in a manner that works in conjunction with user profiles, the user management environment under -MS Windows NT4/200x/XP allows per domain as well as per user account restrictions to be applied. -Common restrictions that are frequently used includes:</P -><P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Logon Hours</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Password Aging</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Permitted Logon from certain machines only</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Account type (Local or Global)</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->User Rights</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -></P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3045" ->17.2.1. With Windows NT4/200x</A -></H2 -><P ->The tools that may be used to configure these types of controls from the MS Windows environment are: -The NT4 User Manager for domains, the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor, the registry editor (regedt32.exe). -Under MS Windows 200x/XP this is done using the Microsoft Managment Console (MMC) with approapriate -"snap-ins", the registry editor, and potentially also the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3048" ->17.2.2. With a Samba PDC</A -></H2 -><P ->With a Samba Domain Controller, the new tools for managing of user account and policy information includes: -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smbpasswd, pdbedit, smbgroupedit, net, rpcclient.</TT ->. The administrator should read the -man pages for these tools and become familiar with their use.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3052" ->17.3. System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</A -></H1 -><P ->The following attempts to document the order of processing of system and user policies following a system -reboot and as part of the user logon:</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> Network starts, then Remote Procedure Call System Service (RPCSS) and Multiple Universal Naming - Convention Provider (MUP) start - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Where Active Directory is involved, an ordered list of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) is downloaded - and applied. The list may include GPOs that: -<P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Apply to the location of machines in a Directory</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Apply only when settings have changed</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Depend on configuration of scope of applicability: local, site, domain, organizational unit, etc.</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -> - No desktop user interface is presented until the above have been processed. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Execution of start-up scripts (hidden and synchronous by defaut). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> A keyboard action to affect start of logon (Ctrl-Alt-Del). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> User credentials are validated, User profile is loaded (depends on policy settings). - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> An ordered list of User GPOs is obtained. The list contents depends on what is configured in respsect of: - -<P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Is user a domain member, thus subject to particular policies</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Loopback enablement, and the state of the loopback policy (Merge or Replace)</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Location of the Active Directory itself</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Has the list of GPOs changed. No processing is needed if not changed.</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -> - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> User Policies are applied from Active Directory. Note: There are several types. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Logon scripts are run. New to Win2K and Active Directory, logon scripts may be obtained based on Group - Policy objects (hidden and executed synchronously). NT4 style logon scripts are then run in a normal - window. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> The User Interface as determined from the GPOs is presented. Note: In a Samba domain (like and NT4 - Domain) machine (system) policies are applied at start-up, User policies are applied at logon. - </P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="profilemgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Advanced Network Manangement</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Desktop Profile Management</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/portability.html b/docs/htmldocs/portability.html index ac3e5b9adb..424fbe5c6c 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/portability.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/portability.html @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ >Portability</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK @@ -13,8 +14,8 @@ REL="UP" TITLE="Appendixes" HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC" -HREF="nt4migration.html"><LINK +TITLE="Appendixes" +HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="Samba and other CIFS clients" HREF="other-clients.html"></HEAD @@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="nt4migration.html" +HREF="appendixes.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -72,48 +73,7 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="PORTABILITY" -></A ->Chapter 29. Portability</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->29.1. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4444" ->HPUX</A -></DT -><DT ->29.2. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4450" ->SCO Unix</A -></DT -><DT ->29.3. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4454" ->DNIX</A -></DT -><DT ->29.4. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4483" ->RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</A -></DT -><DT ->29.5. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4489" ->AIX</A -></DT -><DT ->29.6. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4495" ->Solaris</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV +NAME="PORTABILITY">Chapter 23. Portability</H1 ><P >Samba works on a wide range of platforms but the interface all the platforms provide is not always compatible. This chapter contains @@ -123,9 +83,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4444" ->29.1. HPUX</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3139">23.1. HPUX</H1 ><P >HP's implementation of supplementary groups is, er, non-standard (for hysterical reasons). There are two group files, /etc/group and @@ -153,9 +111,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4450" ->29.2. SCO Unix</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3145">23.2. SCO Unix</H1 ><P > If you run an old version of SCO Unix then you may need to get important @@ -170,9 +126,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4454" ->29.3. DNIX</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3149">23.3. DNIX</H1 ><P >DNIX has a problem with seteuid() and setegid(). These routines are needed for Samba to work correctly, but they were left out of the DNIX @@ -277,9 +231,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN4483" ->29.4. RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN3178">23.4. RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</H1 ><P >By default RedHat Rembrandt-II during installation adds an entry to /etc/hosts as follows: @@ -296,60 +248,6 @@ is the master browse list holder and who is the master browser.</P >Corrective Action: Delete the entry after the word loopback in the line starting 127.0.0.1</P ></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4489" ->29.5. AIX</A -></H1 -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4491" ->29.5.1. Sequential Read Ahead</A -></H2 -><P ->Disabling Sequential Read Ahead using <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->vmtune -r 0</KBD -> improves -samba performance significally.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4495" ->29.6. Solaris</A -></H1 -><P ->Some people have been experiencing problems with F_SETLKW64/fcntl -when running samba on solaris. The built in file locking mechanism was -not scalable. Performance would degrade to the point where processes would -get into loops of trying to lock a file. It woul try a lock, then fail, -then try again. The lock attempt was failing before the grant was -occurring. So the visible manifestation of this would be a handful of -processes stealing all of the CPU, and when they were trussed they would -be stuck if F_SETLKW64 loops.</P -><P ->Sun released patches for Solaris 2.6, 8, and 9. The patch for Solaris 7 -has not been released yet.</P -><P ->The patch revision for 2.6 is 105181-34 -for 8 is 108528-19 -and for 9 is 112233-04</P -><P ->After the install of these patches it is recommended to reconfigure -and rebuild samba.</P -><P ->Thanks to Joe Meslovich for reporting</P -></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" @@ -367,7 +265,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="nt4migration.html" +HREF="appendixes.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -395,7 +293,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</TD +>Appendixes</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/printing.html b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html index 620aa5e8ba..46ebbcdf84 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/printing.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html @@ -1,59 +1,247 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 13. Printing Support</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="groupmapping.html" title="Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping"><link rel="next" href="CUPS-printing.html" title="Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 13. Printing Support</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="groupmapping.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CUPS-printing.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="printing"></a>Chapter 13. Printing Support</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Patrick Powell</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:papowell@lprng.org">papowell@lprng.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (3 May 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886394">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886510">Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886557">Creating [print$]</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886789">Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886888">Support a large number of printers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886995">Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887127">Samba and Printer Ports</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886128">The Imprints Toolset</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886155">What is Imprints?</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887231">Creating Printer Driver Packages</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887251">The Imprints server</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887275">The Installation Client</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886236">Diagnosis</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="printing.html#id2886243">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887448">Debugging printer problems</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887515">What printers do I have?</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887557">Setting up printcap and print servers</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2887691">Job sent, no output</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888240">Job sent, strange output</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888316">Raw PostScript printed</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888334">Advanced Printing</a></dt><dt><a href="printing.html#id2888360">Real debugging</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886394"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>Beginning with the 2.2.0 release, Samba supports +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Printing Support</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba" +HREF="msdfs.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind" +HREF="winbind.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="msdfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="winbind.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PRINTING">Chapter 14. Printing Support</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1920">14.1. Introduction</H1 +><P +>Beginning with the 2.2.0 release, Samba supports the native Windows NT printing mechanisms implemented via MS-RPC (i.e. the SPOOLSS named pipe). Previous versions of -Samba only supported LanMan printing calls.</p><p>The additional functionality provided by the new -SPOOLSS support includes:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Support for downloading printer driver +Samba only supported LanMan printing calls.</P +><P +>The additional functionality provided by the new +SPOOLSS support includes:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Support for downloading printer driver files to Windows 95/98/NT/2000 clients upon demand. - </p></li><li><p>Uploading of printer drivers via the + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Uploading of printer drivers via the Windows NT Add Printer Wizard (APW) or the - Imprints tool set (refer to <a href="http://imprints.sourceforge.net" target="_top">http://imprints.sourceforge.net</a>). - </p></li><li><p>Support for the native MS-RPC printing + Imprints tool set (refer to <A +HREF="http://imprints.sourceforge.net" +TARGET="_top" +>http://imprints.sourceforge.net</A +>). + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Support for the native MS-RPC printing calls such as StartDocPrinter, EnumJobs(), etc... (See - the MSDN documentation at <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/" target="_top">http://msdn.microsoft.com/</a> + the MSDN documentation at <A +HREF="http://msdn.microsoft.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://msdn.microsoft.com/</A +> for more information on the Win32 printing API) - </p></li><li><p>Support for NT Access Control Lists (ACL) - on printer objects</p></li><li><p>Improved support for printer queue manipulation + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Support for NT Access Control Lists (ACL) + on printer objects</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Improved support for printer queue manipulation through the use of an internal databases for spooled job - information</p></li></ul></div><p> -There has been some initial confusion about what all this means + information</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>There has been some initial confusion about what all this means and whether or not it is a requirement for printer drivers to be installed on a Samba host in order to support printing from Windows clients. As a side note, Samba does not use these drivers in any way to process -spooled files. They are utilized entirely by the clients. -</p><p> -The following MS KB article, may be of some help if you are dealing with -Windows 2000 clients: <span class="emphasis"><em>How to Add Printers with No User -Interaction in Windows 2000</em></span> -</p><p> -<a href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP" target="_top">http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP</a> -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886510"></a>Configuration</h2></div></div><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">[print$] vs. [printer$]</h3><p> -Previous versions of Samba recommended using a share named [printer$]. +spooled files. They are utilized entirely by the clients.</P +><P +>The following MS KB article, may be of some help if you are dealing with +Windows 2000 clients: <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>How to Add Printers with No User +Interaction in Windows 2000</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><A +HREF="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP" +TARGET="_top" +>http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP</A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1942">14.2. Configuration</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>[print$] vs. [printer$]</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>Previous versions of Samba recommended using a share named [printer$]. This name was taken from the printer$ service created by Windows 9x clients when a printer was shared. Windows 9x printer servers always have a printer$ service which provides read-only access via no -password in order to support printer driver downloads. -</p><p> -However, the initial implementation allowed for a -parameter named <i><tt>printer driver location</tt></i> +password in order to support printer driver downloads.</P +><P +>However, the initial implementation allowed for a +parameter named <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer driver location</I +></TT +> to be used on a per share basis to specify the location of the driver files associated with that printer. Another -parameter named <i><tt>printer driver</tt></i> provided +parameter named <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer driver</I +></TT +> provided a means of defining the printer driver name to be sent to -the client. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886557"></a>Creating [print$]</h3></div></div><p> -In order to support the uploading of printer driver +the client.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1950">14.2.1. Creating [print$]</H2 +><P +>In order to support the uploading of printer driver files, you must first configure a file share named [print$]. The name of this share is hard coded in Samba's internals so the name is very important (print$ is the service used by Windows NT print servers to provide support for printer driver -download). -</p><p>You should modify the server's smb.conf file to add the global +download).</P +><P +>You should modify the server's smb.conf file to add the global parameters and to create the following file share (of course, some of the parameter values, such as 'path' are arbitrary and should be replaced with -appropriate values for your site):</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] +appropriate values for your site):</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] ; members of the ntadmin group should be able ; to add drivers and set printer properties ; root is implicitly a 'printer admin' @@ -69,100 +257,289 @@ appropriate values for your site):</p><pre class="programlisting"> ; sure this account can copy files to the share. If this ; is setup to a non-root account, then it should also exist ; as a 'printer admin' - write list = @ntadmin,root -</pre><p>The <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" target="_top"><i><tt> -write list</tt></i></a> is used to allow administrative + write list = @ntadmin,root</PRE +></P +><P +>The <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write list</I +></TT +></A +> is used to allow administrative level user accounts to have write access in order to update files -on the share. See the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top">smb.conf(5) -man page</a> for more information on configuring file shares.</p><p>The requirement for <a href="smb.conf.5.html#GUESTOK" target="_top"><b>guest -ok = yes</b></a> depends upon how your +on the share. See the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5) +man page</A +> for more information on configuring file shares.</P +><P +>The requirement for <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#GUESTOK" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>guest +ok = yes</B +></A +> depends upon how your site is configured. If users will be guaranteed to have -an account on the Samba host, then this is a non-issue.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Author's Note</h3><p> -The non-issue is that if all your Windows NT users are guaranteed to be +an account on the Samba host, then this is a non-issue.</P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>Author's Note</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>The non-issue is that if all your Windows NT users are guaranteed to be authenticated by the Samba server (such as a domain member server and the NT user has already been validated by the Domain Controller in order to logon to the Windows NT console), then guest access is not necessary. Of course, in a workgroup environment where you just want to be able to print without worrying about silly accounts and security, then configure the share for -guest access. You'll probably want to add <a href="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" target="_top"><b>map to guest = Bad User -</b></a> in the [global] section as well. Make sure +guest access. You'll probably want to add <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#MAPTOGUEST" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map to guest = Bad User</B +></A +> in the [global] section as well. Make sure you understand what this parameter does before using it -though. --jerry -</p></div><p>In order for a Windows NT print server to support +though. --jerry</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>In order for a Windows NT print server to support the downloading of driver files by multiple client architectures, it must create subdirectories within the [print$] service which correspond to each of the supported client architectures. -Samba follows this model as well.</p><p>Next create the directory tree below the [print$] share -for each architecture you wish to support.</p><p><tt> -[print$]----- - |-W32X86 ; "Windows NT x86" - |-WIN40 ; "Windows 95/98" - |-W32ALPHA ; "Windows NT Alpha_AXP" - |-W32MIPS ; "Windows NT R4000" - |-W32PPC ; "Windows NT PowerPC" -</tt></p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">ATTENTION! REQUIRED PERMISSIONS</h3><p> -In order to currently add a new driver to you Samba host, -one of two conditions must hold true: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The account used to connect to the Samba host - must have a uid of 0 (i.e. a root account)</p></li><li><p>The account used to connect to the Samba host - must be a member of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" target="_top"><i><tt>printer - admin</tt></i></a> list.</p></li></ul></div><p> -Of course, the connected account must still possess access +Samba follows this model as well.</P +><P +>Next create the directory tree below the [print$] share +for each architecture you wish to support.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[print$]----- + |-W32X86 ; "Windows NT x86" + |-WIN40 ; "Windows 95/98" + |-W32ALPHA ; "Windows NT Alpha_AXP" + |-W32MIPS ; "Windows NT R4000" + |-W32PPC ; "Windows NT PowerPC"</PRE +></P +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>ATTENTION! REQUIRED PERMISSIONS</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>In order to currently add a new driver to you Samba host, +one of two conditions must hold true:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The account used to connect to the Samba host + must have a uid of 0 (i.e. a root account)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The account used to connect to the Samba host + must be a member of the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PRINTERADMIN" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer + admin</I +></TT +></A +> list.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Of course, the connected account must still possess access to add files to the subdirectories beneath [print$]. Remember -that all file shares are set to 'read only' by default. -</p></div><p> -Once you have created the required [print$] service and +that all file shares are set to 'read only' by default.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>Once you have created the required [print$] service and associated subdirectories, simply log onto the Samba server using -a root (or <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i>) account -from a Windows NT 4.0/2k client. Open "Network Neighbourhood" or -"My Network Places" and browse for the Samba host. Once you have located -the server, navigate to the "Printers..." folder. +a root (or <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer admin</I +></TT +>) account +from a Windows NT 4.0/2k client. Open "Network Neighbourhood" or +"My Network Places" and browse for the Samba host. Once you have located +the server, navigate to the "Printers..." folder. You should see an initial listing of printers -that matches the printer shares defined on your Samba host. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886789"></a>Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</h3></div></div><p>The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's +that matches the printer shares defined on your Samba host.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1985">14.2.2. Setting Drivers for Existing Printers</H2 +><P +>The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's Printers folder will have no real printer driver assigned to them. This defaults to a NULL string to allow the use of the local Add Printer Wizard on NT/2000 clients. Attempting to view the printer properties for a printer which has this default driver assigned will result in -the error message:</p><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>Device settings cannot be displayed. The driver +the error message:</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Device settings cannot be displayed. The driver for the specified printer is not installed, only spooler properties will be displayed. Do you want to install the -driver now?</em></span> -</p><p> -Click "No" in the error dialog and you will be presented with +driver now?</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Click "No" in the error dialog and you will be presented with the printer properties window. The way to assign a driver to a -printer is to either -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Use the "New Driver..." button to install - a new printer driver, or</p></li><li><p>Select a driver from the popup list of - installed drivers. Initially this list will be empty.</p></li></ul></div><p>If you wish to install printer drivers for client -operating systems other than "Windows NT x86", you will need -to use the "Sharing" tab of the printer properties dialog.</p><p>Assuming you have connected with a root account, you +printer is to either</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Use the "New Driver..." button to install + a new printer driver, or</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Select a driver from the popup list of + installed drivers. Initially this list will be empty.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>If you wish to install printer drivers for client +operating systems other than "Windows NT x86", you will need +to use the "Sharing" tab of the printer properties dialog.</P +><P +>Assuming you have connected with a root account, you will also be able modify other printer properties such as -ACLs and device settings using this dialog box.</p><p>A few closing comments for this section, it is possible +ACLs and device settings using this dialog box.</P +><P +>A few closing comments for this section, it is possible on a Windows NT print server to have printers listed in the Printers folder which are not shared. Samba does not make this distinction. By definition, the only printers of which Samba is aware are those which are specified as shares in -<tt>smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>Another interesting side note is that Windows NT clients do +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>.</P +><P +>Another interesting side note is that Windows NT clients do not use the SMB printer share, but rather can print directly to any printer on another Windows NT host using MS-RPC. This of course assumes that the printing client has the necessary privileges on the remote host serving the printer. The default -permissions assigned by Windows NT to a printer gives the "Print" -permissions to the "Everyone" well-known group. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886888"></a>Support a large number of printers</h3></div></div><p>One issue that has arisen during the development +permissions assigned by Windows NT to a printer gives the "Print" +permissions to the "Everyone" well-known group.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2001">14.2.3. Support a large number of printers</H2 +><P +>One issue that has arisen during the development phase of Samba 2.2 is the need to support driver downloads for 100's of printers. Using the Windows NT APW is somewhat awkward to say the list. If more than one printer are using the -same driver, the <a href="rpcclient.1.html" target="_top"><b>rpcclient's -setdriver command</b></a> can be used to set the driver +same driver, the <A +HREF="rpcclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient's +setdriver command</B +></A +> can be used to set the driver associated with an installed driver. The following is example -of how this could be accomplished:</p><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumdrivers"</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +of how this could be accomplished:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumdrivers" Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] [Windows NT x86] @@ -174,52 +551,149 @@ Printer Driver Info 1: Printer Driver Info 1: Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS] -</pre><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumprinters"</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> + +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumprinters" Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] flags:[0x800000] name:[\\POGO\hp-print] description:[POGO\\POGO\hp-print,NO DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR THIS PRINTER,] comment:[] -</pre><p> -<tt>$ </tt><b><tt>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "setdriver hp-print \"HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS\""</tt></b> -</p><pre class="programlisting"> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +>rpcclient pogo -U root%secret \ +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>> </TT +> -c "setdriver hp-print \"HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS\"" Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3] -Successfully set hp-print to driver HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS. -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886995"></a>Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</h3></div></div><p> -By default, Samba offers all printer shares defined in <tt>smb.conf</tt> -in the "Printers..." folder. Also existing in this folder is the Windows NT -Add Printer Wizard icon. The APW will be show only if -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The connected user is able to successfully +Successfully set hp-print to driver HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS.</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2012">14.2.4. Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW</H2 +><P +>By default, Samba offers all printer shares defined in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> +in the "Printers..." folder. Also existing in this folder is the Windows NT +Add Printer Wizard icon. The APW will be show only if</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The connected user is able to successfully execute an OpenPrinterEx(\\server) with administrative - privileges (i.e. root or <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i>). - </p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" target="_top"><i><tt>show - add printer wizard = yes</tt></i></a> (the default). - </p></li></ul></div><p> -In order to be able to use the APW to successfully add a printer to a Samba -server, the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>add -printer command</tt></i></a> must have a defined value. The program + privileges (i.e. root or <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer admin</I +></TT +>). + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>show + add printer wizard = yes</I +></TT +></A +> (the default). + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>In order to be able to use the APW to successfully add a printer to a Samba +server, the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add +printer command</I +></TT +></A +> must have a defined value. The program hook must successfully add the printer to the system (i.e. -<tt>/etc/printcap</tt> or appropriate files) and -<tt>smb.conf</tt> if necessary. -</p><p> -When using the APW from a client, if the named printer share does -not exist, <b>smbd</b> will execute the <i><tt>add printer -command</tt></i> and reparse to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/printcap</TT +> or appropriate files) and +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> if necessary.</P +><P +>When using the APW from a client, if the named printer share does +not exist, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will execute the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add printer +command</I +></TT +> and reparse to the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> to attempt to locate the new printer share. If the share is still not defined, -an error of "Access Denied" is returned to the client. Note that the -<i><tt>add printer program</tt></i> is executed under the context -of the connected user, not necessarily a root account. -</p><p> -There is a complementary <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>delete -printer command</tt></i></a> for removing entries from the "Printers..." -folder. -</p><p> -The following is an example <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAN" target="_top"><i><tt>add printer command</tt></i></a> script. It adds the appropriate entries to <tt>/etc/printcap.local</tt> (change that to what you need) and returns a line of 'Done' which is needed for the whole process to work. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#!/bin/sh +an error of "Access Denied" is returned to the client. Note that the +<TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add printer program</I +></TT +> is executed under the context +of the connected user, not necessarily a root account.</P +><P +>There is a complementary <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete +printer command</I +></TT +></A +> for removing entries from the "Printers..." +folder.</P +><P +>The following is an example <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAN" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add printer command</I +></TT +></A +> script. It adds the appropriate entries to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/printcap.local</TT +> (change that to what you need) and returns a line of 'Done' which is needed for the whole process to work.</P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>#!/bin/sh # Script to insert a new printer entry into printcap.local # @@ -235,84 +709,203 @@ The following is an example <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDPRINTERCOMMAN" target="_ PRINTCAP=/etc/printcap.local DATE=`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S` LP=lp -RESTART="service lpd restart" +RESTART="service lpd restart" # Keep a copy cp $PRINTCAP $PRINTCAP.$DATE # Add the printer to $PRINTCAP -echo "" >> $PRINTCAP -echo "$2|$1:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :sd=/var/spool/lpd/$2:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :mx=0:ml=0:sh:\\" >> $PRINTCAP -echo " :lp=/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn:" >> $PRINTCAP +echo "" >> $PRINTCAP +echo "$2|$1:\\" >> $PRINTCAP +echo " :sd=/var/spool/lpd/$2:\\" >> $PRINTCAP +echo " :mx=0:ml=0:sh:\\" >> $PRINTCAP +echo " :lp=/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn:" >> $PRINTCAP -touch "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 -chown $LP "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 +touch "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 +chown $LP "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1 mkdir /var/spool/lpd/$2 chmod 700 /var/spool/lpd/$2 chown $LP /var/spool/lpd/$2 -#echo $1 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $2 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $3 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $4 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $5 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -#echo $6 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" -$RESTART >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $1 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $2 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $3 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $4 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $5 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +#echo $6 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" +$RESTART >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" # Not sure if this is needed touch /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf # # You need to return a value, but I am not sure what it means. # -echo "Done" -exit 0 -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887127"></a>Samba and Printer Ports</h3></div></div><p> -Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each printer. These normally +echo "Done" +exit 0</PRE +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2042">14.2.5. Samba and Printer Ports</H2 +><P +>Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each printer. These normally take the form of LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:, etc... Samba must also support the concept of ports associated with a printer. By default, only one printer port, -named "Samba Printer Port", exists on a system. Samba does not really a port in -order to print, rather it is a requirement of Windows clients. -</p><p> -Note that Samba does not support the concept of "Printer Pooling" internally +named "Samba Printer Port", exists on a system. Samba does not really a port in +order to print, rather it is a requirement of Windows clients. </P +><P +>Note that Samba does not support the concept of "Printer Pooling" internally either. This is when a logical printer is assigned to multiple ports as -a form of load balancing or fail over. -</p><p> -If you require that multiple ports be defined for some reason, -<tt>smb.conf</tt> possesses a <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENUMPORTSCOMMAND" target="_top"><i><tt>enumports -command</tt></i></a> which can be used to define an external program -that generates a listing of ports on a system. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886128"></a>The Imprints Toolset</h2></div></div><p>The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the +a form of load balancing or fail over.</P +><P +>If you require that multiple ports be defined for some reason, +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> possesses a <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENUMPORTSCOMMAND" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>enumports +command</I +></TT +></A +> which can be used to define an external program +that generates a listing of ports on a system.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2050">14.3. The Imprints Toolset</H1 +><P +>The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the Windows NT Add Printer Wizard. For complete information, please - refer to the Imprints web site at <a href="http://imprints.sourceforge.net/" target="_top"> - http://imprints.sourceforge.net/</a> as well as the documentation + refer to the Imprints web site at <A +HREF="http://imprints.sourceforge.net/" +TARGET="_top" +> http://imprints.sourceforge.net/</A +> as well as the documentation included with the imprints source distribution. This section will - only provide a brief introduction to the features of Imprints.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886155"></a>What is Imprints?</h3></div></div><p>Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting the goals - of</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Providing a central repository information - regarding Windows NT and 95/98 printer driver packages</p></li><li><p>Providing the tools necessary for creating - the Imprints printer driver packages.</p></li><li><p>Providing an installation client which + only provide a brief introduction to the features of Imprints.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2054">14.3.1. What is Imprints?</H2 +><P +>Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting the goals + of</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Providing a central repository information + regarding Windows NT and 95/98 printer driver packages</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Providing the tools necessary for creating + the Imprints printer driver packages.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Providing an installation client which will obtain and install printer drivers on remote Samba - and Windows NT 4 print servers.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887231"></a>Creating Printer Driver Packages</h3></div></div><p>The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond + and Windows NT 4 print servers.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2064">14.3.2. Creating Printer Driver Packages</H2 +><P +>The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond the scope of this document (refer to Imprints.txt also included with the Samba distribution for more information). In short, an Imprints driver package is a gzipped tarball containing the driver files, related INF files, and a control file needed by the - installation client.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887251"></a>The Imprints server</h3></div></div><p>The Imprints server is really a database server that + installation client.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2067">14.3.3. The Imprints server</H2 +><P +>The Imprints server is really a database server that may be queried via standard HTTP mechanisms. Each printer entry in the database has an associated URL for the actual downloading of the package. Each package is digitally signed via GnuPG which can be used to verify that package downloaded is actually the one referred in the Imprints database. It is - <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> recommended that this security check - be disabled.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887275"></a>The Installation Client</h3></div></div><p>More information regarding the Imprints installation client - is available in the <tt>Imprints-Client-HOWTO.ps</tt> - file included with the imprints source package.</p><p>The Imprints installation client comes in two forms.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a set of command line Perl scripts</p></li><li><p>a GTK+ based graphical interface to - the command line perl scripts</p></li></ul></div><p>The installation client (in both forms) provides a means + <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +></SPAN +> recommended that this security check + be disabled.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2071">14.3.4. The Installation Client</H2 +><P +>More information regarding the Imprints installation client + is available in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>Imprints-Client-HOWTO.ps</TT +> + file included with the imprints source package.</P +><P +>The Imprints installation client comes in two forms.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>a set of command line Perl scripts</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>a GTK+ based graphical interface to + the command line perl scripts</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The installation client (in both forms) provides a means of querying the Imprints database server for a matching list of known printer model names as well as a means to download and install the drivers on remote Samba and Windows - NT print servers.</p><p>The basic installation process is in four steps and - perl code is wrapped around <b>smbclient</b> - and <b>rpcclient</b>.</p><pre class="programlisting"> + NT print servers.</P +><P +>The basic installation process is in four steps and + perl code is wrapped around <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +>.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> foreach (supported architecture for a given driver) { 1. rpcclient: Get the appropriate upload directory @@ -322,260 +915,472 @@ foreach (supported architecture for a given driver) } 4. rpcclient: Issue an AddPrinterEx() MS-RPC to actually - create the printer -</pre><p>One of the problems encountered when implementing + create the printer</PRE +></P +><P +>One of the problems encountered when implementing the Imprints tool set was the name space issues between various supported client architectures. For example, Windows - NT includes a driver named "Apple LaserWriter II NTX v51.8" - and Windows 95 calls its version of this driver "Apple - LaserWriter II NTX"</p><p>The problem is how to know what client drivers have + NT includes a driver named "Apple LaserWriter II NTX v51.8" + and Windows 95 calls its version of this driver "Apple + LaserWriter II NTX"</P +><P +>The problem is how to know what client drivers have been uploaded for a printer. As astute reader will remember that the Windows NT Printer Properties dialog only includes space for one printer driver name. A quick look in the - Windows NT 4.0 system registry at</p><p><tt>HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environment - </tt></p><p>will reveal that Windows NT always uses the NT driver + Windows NT 4.0 system registry at</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environment + </TT +></P +><P +>will reveal that Windows NT always uses the NT driver name. This is ok as Windows NT always requires that at least the Windows NT version of the printer driver is present. However, Samba does not have the requirement internally. Therefore, how can you use the NT driver name if is has not - already been installed?</p><p>The way of sidestepping this limitation is to require + already been installed?</P +><P +>The way of sidestepping this limitation is to require that all Imprints printer driver packages include both the Intel Windows NT and 95/98 printer drivers and that NT driver is - installed first.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886236"></a>Diagnosis</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2886243"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with + installed first.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2093">14.4. Diagnosis</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2095">14.4.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse -see the examples/printing directory. -</p><p> -Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first +see the examples/printing directory.</P +><P +>Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC -then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command -you use is up to you. -</p><p> -The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most +then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command +you use is up to you.</P +><P +>The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page) -are: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - [global] +are:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> [global] print command - send a file to a spooler lpq command - get spool queue status lprm command - remove a job [printers] - path = /var/spool/lpd/samba -</pre><p> -The following are nice to know about: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue - queueresume command - start a printer or print queue -</pre><p> -Example: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s + path = /var/spool/lpd/samba</PRE +></P +><P +>The following are nice to know about:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue + queueresume command - start a printer or print queue</PRE +></P +><P +>Example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop - queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start -</pre><p> -Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your + queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start</PRE +></P +><P +>Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have -the correct PATH values. -</p><p> -When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary +the correct PATH values.</P +><P +>When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section. and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory, and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq -command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job -by the spooler. -</p><p> -The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate +command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job +by the spooler.</P +><P +>The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the -printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from -the lpq output. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887448"></a>Debugging printer problems</h3></div></div><p> -One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these +printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from +the lpq output.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2111">14.4.2. Debugging printer problems</H2 +><P +>One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might -be: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s +be:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s #!/bin/saveprint # we make sure that we are the right user - /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print + /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print # we run the command and save the error messages # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system - /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print -</pre><p> -Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the + /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print</PRE +></P +><P +>Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status -and remove the job: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - -h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi +and remove the job:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4 added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 Password: Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7] -smb: \> print /tmp/hi +smb: \> print /tmp/hi putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s) -smb: \> queue +smb: \> queue 1049 3 hi-17534 -smb: \> cancel 1049 +smb: \> cancel 1049 Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0 -smb: \> cancel 1049 +smb: \> cancel 1049 Job 1049 cancelled -smb: \> queue -smb: \> exit -</pre><p> -The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment +smb: \> queue +smb: \> exit</PRE +></P +><P +>The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this. You can observe the command output and then and look at the /tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on -various print queues. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887515"></a>What printers do I have?</h3></div></div><p> -You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer +various print queues.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2120">14.4.3. What printers do I have?</H2 +><P +>You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can -use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - testprns printer /etc/printcap -</pre><p> -Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. +use:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> testprns printer /etc/printcap</PRE +></P +><P +>Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. You can try the following to see the format of the extracted -information: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - testprns -a printer /etc/printcap +information:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> testprns -a printer /etc/printcap - testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap' -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887557"></a>Setting up printcap and print servers</h3></div></div><p> -You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. + testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap'</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2128">14.4.4. Setting up printcap and print servers</H2 +><P +>You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by -the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information. -</p><p> -Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap -information. This printcap information has the format: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:... -</pre><p> -For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed +the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information.</P +><P +>Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap +information. This printcap information has the format:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:...</PRE +></P +><P +>For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment' about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines -to extend the printcap to multiple lines. -</p><p> -Here are some examples of printcap files: -</p><p> -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -pr just printer name -</p></li><li><p> -pr|alias printer name and alias -</p></li><li><p> -pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment -</p></li><li><p> -pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing +to extend the printcap to multiple lines.</P +><P +>Here are some examples of printcap files:</P +><P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>pr just printer name</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pr|alias printer name and alias</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing :cm= \ - testing -</p></li><li><p> -pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing - :cm= testing -</p></li></ol></div><p> -</p><p> -Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make -changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> -make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. -The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this. -</p></li><li><p> -make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the + testing</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing + :cm= testing</P +></LI +></OL +></P +><P +>Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make +changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. +The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f' -command to do this. -</p></li><li><p> -You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have -it reread the printcap information. -</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2887691"></a>Job sent, no output</h3></div></div><p> -This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the +command to do this.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have +it reread the printcap information.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2156">14.4.5. Job sent, no output</H2 +><P +>This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around -the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer. -</p><p> -First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the +the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer.</P +><P +>First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler, you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be -submitted, but they will not be printed. Use: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - lpc -Pprinter stop -</pre><p> -Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the +submitted, but they will not be printed. Use:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> lpc -Pprinter stop</PRE +></P +><P +>Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then -you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing. -</p><p> -Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really +you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing.</P +><P +>Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these are not in what you would expect to call a printable format. You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job -format actually is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs +format actually is:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs ls # find job files - file dfA001myhost -</pre><p> -You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that + file dfA001myhost</PRE +></P +><P +>You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will -convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888240"></a>Job sent, strange output</h3></div></div><p> -Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about -making it print nicely. -</p><p> -The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages -OR blank pages at the end. -</p><p> -If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the +convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2167">14.4.6. Job sent, strange output</H2 +><P +>Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about +making it print nicely.</P +><P +>The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages +OR blank pages at the end.</P +><P +>If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners. If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner -page) option. You should have the following in your printer. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - printer: ... :sh -</pre><p> -If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there +page) option. You should have the following in your printer.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> printer: ... :sh</PRE +></P +><P +>If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software -or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer. -</p><p> -If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems +or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer.</P +><P +>If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs, incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client. -For example, under Win95 there is a option: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced| -</pre><p> -that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. +For example, under Win95 there is a option:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced|</PRE +></P +><P +>that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as -PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888316"></a>Raw PostScript printed</h3></div></div><p> -This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling +PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2179">14.4.7. Raw PostScript printed</H2 +><P +>This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling system putting information at the start of the print job that makes the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic -Format Detection' on your printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888334"></a>Advanced Printing</h3></div></div><p> -Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your -imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. +Format Detection' on your printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2182">14.4.8. Advanced Printing</H2 +><P +>Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your +imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print command shell script. You could even make the print command detect the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate -printer. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888360"></a>Real debugging</h3></div></div><p> -If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in -the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory. -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="groupmapping.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="CUPS-printing.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +printer.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2185">14.4.9. Real debugging</H2 +><P +>If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in +the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="msdfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="winbind.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
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Desktop Profile Management</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->18.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3095" ->Roaming Profiles</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->18.1.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3102" ->Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->18.1.1.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3105" ->NT4/200x User Profiles</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.1.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3115" ->Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.1.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3130" ->Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->18.1.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3137" ->Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->18.1.2.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3139" ->Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.2.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3175" ->Windows NT4 Workstation</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.2.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3184" ->Windows 2000/XP Professional</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->18.1.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3257" ->Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.4. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3264" ->Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->18.1.4.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3267" ->Windows NT4 Profile Management Tools</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.4.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3290" ->Side bar Notes</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.4.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3294" ->moveuser.exe</A -></DT -><DT ->18.1.4.4. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3297" ->Get SID</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -></DL -></DD -><DT ->18.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3302" ->Mandatory profiles</A -></DT -><DT ->18.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3309" ->Creating/Managing Group Profiles</A -></DT -><DT ->18.4. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3315" ->Default Profile for Windows Users</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->18.4.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3318" ->MS Windows 9x/Me</A -></DT -><DT ->18.4.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3330" ->MS Windows NT4 Workstation</A -></DT -><DT ->18.4.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3384" ->MS Windows 200x/XP</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -></DL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3095" ->18.1. Roaming Profiles</A -></H1 -><DIV -CLASS="WARNING" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="WARNING" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/warning.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Warning"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Roaming profiles support is different for Win9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how -Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x clients implement these features.</P -><P ->Windows 9x / Me clients send a NetUserGetInfo request to the server to get the user's -profiles location. However, the response does not have room for a separate -profiles location field, only the user's home share. This means that Win9X/Me -profiles are restricted to being stored in the user's home directory.</P -><P ->Windows NT4/200x clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields, -including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3102" ->18.1.1. Samba Configuration for Profile Handling</A -></H2 -><P ->This section documents how to configure Samba for MS Windows client profile support.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3105" ->18.1.1.1. NT4/200x User Profiles</A -></H3 -><P ->To support Windowns NT4/200x clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the -following (for example):</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> logon path = \\profileserver\profileshare\profilepath\%U\moreprofilepath</PRE -> - - This is typically implemented like: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> logon path = \\%L\Profiles\%u</PRE -> -where %L translates to the name of the Samba server and %u translates to the user name</P -><P ->The default for this option is \\%N\%U\profile, namely \\sambaserver\username\profile. -The \\N%\%U service is created automatically by the [homes] service. If you are using -a samba server for the profiles, you _must_ make the share specified in the logon path -browseable. Please refer to the man page for smb.conf in respect of the different -symantics of %L and %N, as well as %U and %u.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->MS Windows NT/2K clients at times do not disconnect a connection to a server -between logons. It is recommended to NOT use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->homes</B -> -meta-service name as part of the profile share path.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3115" ->18.1.1.2. Windows 9x / Me User Profiles</A -></H3 -><P ->To support Windows 9x / Me clients, you must use the "logon home" parameter. Samba has -now been fixed so that <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net use /home</KBD -> now works as well, and it, too, relies -on the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->logon home</B -> parameter.</P -><P ->By using the logon home parameter, you are restricted to putting Win9x / Me -profiles in the user's home directory. But wait! There is a trick you -can use. If you set the following in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section of your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles</PRE -></P -><P ->then your Windows 9x / Me clients will dutifully put their clients in a subdirectory -of your home directory called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->.profiles</TT -> (thus making them hidden).</P -><P ->Not only that, but <KBD -CLASS="USERINPUT" ->net use/home</KBD -> will also work, because of a feature in -Windows 9x / Me. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area -and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you -specified \\%L\%U for <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->logon home</B ->.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3130" ->18.1.1.3. Mixed Windows 9x / Me and Windows NT4/200x User Profiles</A -></H3 -><P ->You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->logon home</B -> and <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->logon path</B -> parameters. For example:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> logon home = \\%L\%u\.profiles - logon path = \\%L\profiles\%u</PRE -></P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3137" ->18.1.2. Windows Client Profile Configuration Information</A -></H2 -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3139" ->18.1.2.1. Windows 9x / Me Profile Setup</A -></H3 -><P ->When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created, -as are folders "Start Menu", "Desktop", "Programs" and "Nethood". -These directories and their contents will be merged with the local -versions stored in c:\windows\profiles\username on subsequent logins, -taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the [global] -options "preserve case = yes", "short preserve case = yes" and -"case sensitive = no" in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts -in any of the profile folders.</P -><P ->The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to -enforce a set of preferences, rename their user.DAT file to user.MAN, -and deny them write access to this file.</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> On the Windows 9x / Me machine, go to Control Panel -> Passwords and - select the User Profiles tab. Select the required level of - roaming preferences. Press OK, but do _not_ allow the computer - to reboot. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> On the Windows 9x / Me machine, go to Control Panel -> Network -> - Client for Microsoft Networks -> Preferences. Select 'Log on to - NT Domain'. Then, ensure that the Primary Logon is 'Client for - Microsoft Networks'. Press OK, and this time allow the computer - to reboot. - </P -></LI -></OL -><P ->Under Windows 9x / Me Profiles are downloaded from the Primary Logon. -If you have the Primary Logon as 'Client for Novell Networks', then -the profiles and logon script will be downloaded from your Novell -Server. If you have the Primary Logon as 'Windows Logon', then the -profiles will be loaded from the local machine - a bit against the -concept of roaming profiles, it would seem!</P -><P ->You will now find that the Microsoft Networks Login box contains -[user, password, domain] instead of just [user, password]. Type in -the samba server's domain name (or any other domain known to exist, -but bear in mind that the user will be authenticated against this -domain and profiles downloaded from it, if that domain logon server -supports it), user name and user's password.</P -><P ->Once the user has been successfully validated, the Windows 9x / Me machine -will inform you that 'The user has not logged on before' and asks you -if you wish to save the user's preferences? Select 'yes'.</P -><P ->Once the Windows 9x / Me client comes up with the desktop, you should be able -to examine the contents of the directory specified in the "logon path" -on the samba server and verify that the "Desktop", "Start Menu", -"Programs" and "Nethood" folders have been created.</P -><P ->These folders will be cached locally on the client, and updated when -the user logs off (if you haven't made them read-only by then). -You will find that if the user creates further folders or short-cuts, -that the client will merge the profile contents downloaded with the -contents of the profile directory already on the local client, taking -the newest folders and short-cuts from each set.</P -><P ->If you have made the folders / files read-only on the samba server, -then you will get errors from the Windows 9x / Me machine on logon and logout, as -it attempts to merge the local and the remote profile. Basically, if -you have any errors reported by the Windows 9x / Me machine, check the Unix file -permissions and ownership rights on the profile directory contents, -on the samba server.</P -><P ->If you have problems creating user profiles, you can reset the user's -local desktop cache, as shown below. When this user then next logs in, -they will be told that they are logging in "for the first time".</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> instead of logging in under the [user, password, domain] dialog, - press escape. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> run the regedit.exe program, and look in: - </P -><P -> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList - </P -><P -> you will find an entry, for each user, of ProfilePath. Note the - contents of this key (likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), - then delete the key ProfilePath for the required user. - - [Exit the registry editor]. - - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->WARNING</I -></SPAN -> - before deleting the contents of the - directory listed in the ProfilePath (this is likely to be - <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->c:\windows\profiles\username)</TT ->, ask them if they - have any important files stored on their desktop or in their start menu. - Delete the contents of the directory ProfilePath (making a backup if any - of the files are needed). - </P -><P -> This will have the effect of removing the local (read-only hidden - system file) user.DAT in their profile directory, as well as the - local "desktop", "nethood", "start menu" and "programs" folders. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> search for the user's .PWL password-caching file in the c:\windows - directory, and delete it. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> log off the windows 9x / Me client. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> check the contents of the profile path (see "logon path" described - above), and delete the user.DAT or user.MAN file for the user, - making a backup if required. - </P -></LI -></OL -><P ->If all else fails, increase samba's debug log levels to between 3 and 10, -and / or run a packet trace program such as ethereal or netmon.exe, and -look for error messages.</P -><P ->If you have access to an Windows NT4/200x server, then first set up roaming profiles -and / or netlogons on the Windows NT4/200x server. Make a packet trace, or examine -the example packet traces provided with Windows NT4/200x server, and see what the -differences are with the equivalent samba trace.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3175" ->18.1.2.2. Windows NT4 Workstation</A -></H3 -><P ->When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile -NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified -through the "logon path" parameter.</P -><P ->There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles: -"logon drive". This should be set to <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->H:</TT -> or any other drive, and -should be used in conjunction with the new "logon home" parameter.</P -><P ->The entry for the NT4 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT -help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS -extension. The user, while logging in, must have write permission to -create the full profile path (and the folder with the .PDS extension -for those situations where it might be created.)</P -><P ->In the profile directory, Windows NT4 creates more folders than Windows 9x / Me. -It creates "Application Data" and others, as well as "Desktop", "Nethood", -"Start Menu" and "Programs". The profile itself is stored in a file -NTuser.DAT. Nothing appears to be stored in the .PDS directory, and -its purpose is currently unknown.</P -><P ->You can use the System Control Panel to copy a local profile onto -a samba server (see NT Help on profiles: it is also capable of firing -up the correct location in the System Control Panel for you). The -NT Help file also mentions that renaming NTuser.DAT to NTuser.MAN -turns a profile into a mandatory one.</P -><P ->The case of the profile is significant. The file must be called -NTuser.DAT or, for a mandatory profile, NTuser.MAN.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3184" ->18.1.2.3. Windows 2000/XP Professional</A -></H3 -><P ->You must first convert the profile from a local profile to a domain -profile on the MS Windows workstation as follows:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> Log on as the LOCAL workstation administrator. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Right click on the 'My Computer' Icon, select 'Properties' - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Click on the 'User Profiles' tab - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Select the profile you wish to convert (click on it once) - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Click on the button 'Copy To' - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> In the "Permitted to use" box, click on the 'Change' button. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Click on the 'Look in" area that lists the machine name, when you click - here it will open up a selection box. Click on the domain to which the - profile must be accessible. - </P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="90%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->You will need to log on if a logon box opens up. Eg: In the connect - as: MIDEARTH\root, password: mypassword.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></LI -><LI -><P -> To make the profile capable of being used by anyone select 'Everyone' - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Click OK. The Selection box will close. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Now click on the 'Ok' button to create the profile in the path you - nominated. - </P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Done. You now have a profile that can be editted using the samba-3.0.0 -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->profiles</TT -> tool.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Under NT/2K the use of mandotory profiles forces the use of MS Exchange -storage of mail data. That keeps desktop profiles usable.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->This is a security check new to Windows XP (or maybe only -Windows XP service pack 1). It can be disabled via a group policy in -Active Directory. The policy is:</P -><P ->"Computer Configuration\Administrative Templates\System\User -Profiles\Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile Folders"</P -><P ->...and it should be set to "Enabled". -Does the new version of samba have an Active Directory analogue? If so, -then you may be able to set the policy through this.</P -><P ->If you cannot set group policies in samba, then you may be able to set -the policy locally on each machine. If you want to try this, then do -the following (N.B. I don't know for sure that this will work in the -same way as a domain group policy):</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->On the XP workstation log in with an Administrator account.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "Start", "Run"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Type: "mmc"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->A Microsoft Management Console should appear.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: File, "Add/Remove Snap-in...", "Add"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Double-Click: "Group Policy"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "Finish", "Close"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: "OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->In the "Console Root" window:</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Expand: "Local Computer Policy", "Computer Configuration",</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->"Administrative Templates", "System", "User Profiles"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Double-Click: "Do not check for user ownership of Roaming Profile</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Folders"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select: "Enabled"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click: OK"</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Close the whole console. You do not need to save the settings (this - refers to the console settings rather than the policies you have - changed).</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Reboot</P -></LI -></UL -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3257" ->18.1.3. Sharing Profiles between W9x/Me and NT4/200x/XP workstations</A -></H2 -><P ->Sharing of desktop profiles between Windows versions is NOT recommended. -Desktop profiles are an evolving phenomenon and profiles for later versions -of MS Windows clients add features that may interfere with earlier versions -of MS Windows clients. Probably the more salient reason to NOT mix profiles -is that when logging off an earlier version of MS Windows the older format -of profile contents may overwrite information that belongs to the newer -version resulting in loss of profile information content when that user logs -on again with the newer version of MS Windows.</P -><P ->If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W9x/Me, you will -need to specify a common location for the profiles. The smb.conf parameters -that need to be common are <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->logon path</I -></SPAN -> and -<SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->logon home</I -></SPAN ->.</P -><P ->If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate user.DAT and -NTuser.DAT files in the same profile directory.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3264" ->18.1.4. Profile Migration from Windows NT4/200x Server to Samba</A -></H2 -><P ->There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the -location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the -profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as -that SMB server supports encrypted passwords.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3267" ->18.1.4.1. Windows NT4 Profile Management Tools</A -></H3 -><P ->Unfortunately, the Resource Kit information is specific to the version of MS Windows -NT4/200x. The correct resource kit is required for each platform.</P -><P ->Here is a quick guide:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->On your NT4 Domain Controller, right click on 'My Computer', then -select the tab labelled 'User Profiles'.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Select a user profile you want to migrate and click on it.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="90%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->I am using the term "migrate" lossely. You can copy a profile to -create a group profile. You can give the user 'Everyone' rights to the -profile you copy this to. That is what you need to do, since your samba -domain is not a member of a trust relationship with your NT4 PDC.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click the 'Copy To' button.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->In the box labelled 'Copy Profile to' add your new path, eg: - <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->c:\temp\foobar</TT -></P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the button labelled 'Change' in the "Permitted to use" box.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Click on the group 'Everyone' and then click OK. This closes the - 'chose user' box.</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Now click OK.</P -></LI -></UL -><P ->Follow the above for every profile you need to migrate.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3290" ->18.1.4.2. Side bar Notes</A -></H3 -><P ->You should obtain the SID of your NT4 domain. You can use smbpasswd to do -this. Read the man page.</P -><P ->With Samba-3.0.0 alpha code you can import all you NT4 domain accounts -using the net samsync method. This way you can retain your profile -settings as well as all your users.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3294" ->18.1.4.3. moveuser.exe</A -></H3 -><P ->The W2K professional resource kit has moveuser.exe. moveuser.exe changes -the security of a profile from one user to another. This allows the account -domain to change, and/or the user name to change.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3297" ->18.1.4.4. Get SID</A -></H3 -><P ->You can identify the SID by using GetSID.exe from the Windows NT Server 4.0 -Resource Kit.</P -><P ->Windows NT 4.0 stores the local profile information in the registry under -the following key: -HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\ProfileList</P -><P ->Under the ProfileList key, there will be subkeys named with the SIDs of the -users who have logged on to this computer. (To find the profile information -for the user whose locally cached profile you want to move, find the SID for -the user with the GetSID.exe utility.) Inside of the appropriate user's -subkey, you will see a string value named ProfileImagePath.</P -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3302" ->18.2. Mandatory profiles</A -></H1 -><P ->A Mandatory Profile is a profile that the user does NOT have the ability to overwrite. -During the user's session it may be possible to change the desktop environment, but -as the user logs out all changes made will be lost. If it is desired to NOT allow the -user any ability to change the desktop environment then this must be done through -policy settings. See previous chapter.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Under NO circumstances should the profile directory (or it's contents) be made read-only -as this may render the profile un-usable.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->For MS Windows NT4/200x/XP the above method can be used to create mandatory profiles -also. To convert a group profile into a mandatory profile simply locate the NTUser.DAT -file in the copied profile and rename it to NTUser.MAN.</P -><P ->For MS Windows 9x / Me it is the User.DAT file that must be renamed to User.MAN to -affect a mandatory profile.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3309" ->18.3. Creating/Managing Group Profiles</A -></H1 -><P ->Most organisations are arranged into departments. There is a nice benenfit in -this fact since usually most users in a department will require the same desktop -applications and the same desktop layout. MS Windows NT4/200x/XP will allow the -use of Group Profiles. A Group Profile is a profile that is created firstly using -a template (example) user. Then using the profile migration tool (see above) the -profile is assigned access rights for the user group that needs to be given access -to the group profile.</P -><P ->The next step is rather important. PLEASE NOTE: Instead of assigning a group profile -to users (ie: Using User Manager) on a "per user" basis, the group itself is assigned -the now modified profile.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> Be careful with group profiles, if the user who is a member of a group also - has a personal profile, then the result will be a fusion (merge) of the two. - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3315" ->18.4. Default Profile for Windows Users</A -></H1 -><P ->MS Windows 9x / Me and NT4/200x/XP will use a default profile for any user for whom -a profile does not already exist. Armed with a knowledge of where the default profile -is located on the Windows workstation, and knowing which registry keys affect the path -from which the default profile is created, it is possible to modify the default profile -to one that has been optimised for the site. This has significant administrative -advantages.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3318" ->18.4.1. MS Windows 9x/Me</A -></H2 -><P ->To enable default per use profiles in Windows 9x / Me you can either use the Windows 98 System -Policy Editor or change the registry directly.</P -><P ->To enable default per user profiles in Windows 9x / Me, launch the System Policy Editor, then -select File -> Open Registry, then click on the Local Computer icon, click on Windows 98 System, -select User Profiles, click on the enable box. Do not forget to save the registry changes.</P -><P ->To modify the registry directly, launch the Registry Editor (regedit.exe), select the hive -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Network\Logon</TT ->. Now add a DWORD type key with the name -"User Profiles", to enable user profiles set the value to 1, to disable user profiles set it to 0.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT3" -><H3 -CLASS="SECT3" -><A -NAME="AEN3324" ->18.4.1.1. How User Profiles Are Handled in Windows 9x / Me?</A -></H3 -><P ->When a user logs on to a Windows 9x / Me machine, the local profile path, -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList</TT ->, is checked -for an existing entry for that user:</P -><P ->If the user has an entry in this registry location, Windows 9x / Me checks for a locally cached -version of the user profile. Windows 9x / Me also checks the user's home directory (or other -specified directory if the location has been modified) on the server for the User Profile. -If a profile exists in both locations, the newer of the two is used. If the User Profile exists -on the server, but does not exist on the local machine, the profile on the server is downloaded -and used. If the User Profile only exists on the local machine, that copy is used.</P -><P ->If a User Profile is not found in either location, the Default User Profile from the Windows 9x / Me -machine is used and is copied to a newly created folder for the logged on user. At log off, any -changes that the user made are written to the user's local profile. If the user has a roaming -profile, the changes are written to the user's profile on the server.</P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3330" ->18.4.2. MS Windows NT4 Workstation</A -></H2 -><P ->On MS Windows NT4 the default user profile is obtained from the location -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles</TT -> which in a default installation will translate to -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->C:\WinNT\Profiles</TT ->. Under this directory on a clean install there will be -three (3) directories: <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Administrator, All Users, Default User</TT ->.</P -><P ->The <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->All Users</TT -> directory contains menu settings that are common across all -system users. The <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Default User</TT -> directory contains menu entries that are -customisable per user depending on the profile settings chosen/created.</P -><P ->When a new user first logs onto an MS Windows NT4 machine a new profile is created from:</P -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->All Users settings</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Default User settings (contains the default NTUser.DAT file)</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->When a user logs onto an MS Windows NT4 machine that is a member of a Microsoft security domain -the following steps are followed in respect of profile handling:</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> The users' account information which is obtained during the logon process contains - the location of the users' desktop profile. The profile path may be local to the - machine or it may be located on a network share. If there exists a profile at the location - of the path from the user account, then this profile is copied to the location - <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</TT ->. This profile then inherits the - settings in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->All Users</TT -> profile in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles</TT -> - location. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> If the user account has a profile path, but at it's location a profile does not exist, - then a new profile is created in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</TT -> - directory from reading the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Default User</TT -> profile. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> If the NETLOGON share on the authenticating server (logon server) contains a policy file - (<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTConfig.POL</TT ->) then it's contents are applied to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTUser.DAT</TT -> - which is applied to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->HKEY_CURRENT_USER</TT -> part of the registry. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> When the user logs out, if the profile is set to be a roaming profile it will be written - out to the location of the profile. The <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTuser.DAT</TT -> file is then - re-created from the contents of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->HKEY_CURRENT_USER</TT -> contents. - Thus, should there not exist in the NETLOGON share an <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTConfig.POL</TT -> at the - next logon, the effect of the provious <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->NTConfig.POL</TT -> will still be held - in the profile. The effect of this is known as <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->tatooing</I -></SPAN ->. - </P -></LI -></OL -><P ->MS Windows NT4 profiles may be <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Local</I -></SPAN -> or <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Roaming</I -></SPAN ->. A Local profile -will stored in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</TT -> location. A roaming profile will -also remain stored in the same way, unless the following registry key is created:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\winlogon\ - "DeleteRoamingCache"=dword:00000001</PRE -> - -In which case, the local copy (in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%SystemRoot%\Profiles\%USERNAME%</TT ->) will be -deleted on logout.</P -><P ->Under MS Windows NT4 default locations for common resources (like <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->My Documents</TT -> -may be redirected to a network share by modifying the following registry keys. These changes may be affected -via use of the System Policy Editor (to do so may require that you create your owns template extension -for the policy editor to allow this to be done through the GUI. Another way to do this is by way of first -creating a default user profile, then while logged in as that user, run regedt32 to edit the key settings.</P -><P ->The Registry Hive key that affects the behaviour of folders that are part of the default user profile -are controlled by entries on Windows NT4 is:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> HKEY_CURRENT_USER - \Software - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders\</PRE -></P -><P ->The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are:</P -><P -> <PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> Name Default Value - -------------- ----------------------------------------- - AppData %USERPROFILE%\Application Data - Desktop %USERPROFILE%\Desktop - Favorites %USERPROFILE%\Favorites - NetHood %USERPROFILE%\NetHood - PrintHood %USERPROFILE%\PrintHood - Programs %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs - Recent %USERPROFILE%\Recent - SendTo %USERPROFILE%\SendTo - Start Menu %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu - Startup %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup - </PRE -> - </P -><P ->The registry key that contains the location of the default profile settings is: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE - \SOFTWARE - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders</PRE -> - -The default entries are: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> Common Desktop %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Desktop - Common Programs %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Programs - Common Start Menu %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu - Common Startu p %SystemRoot%\Profiles\All Users\Start Menu\Progams\Startup</PRE -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3384" ->18.4.3. MS Windows 200x/XP</A -></H2 -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> MS Windows XP Home Edition does use default per user profiles, but can not participate - in domain security, can not log onto an NT/ADS style domain, and thus can obtain the profile - only from itself. While there are benefits in doing this the beauty of those MS Windows - clients that CAN participate in domain logon processes allows the administrator to create - a global default profile and to enforce it through the use of Group Policy Objects (GPOs). - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->When a new user first logs onto MS Windows 200x/XP machine the default profile is obtained from -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->C:\Documents and Settings\Default User</TT ->. The administrator can modify (or change -the contents of this location and MS Windows 200x/XP will gladly user it. This is far from the optimum -arrangement since it will involve copying a new default profile to every MS Windows 200x/XP client -workstation. </P -><P ->When MS Windows 200x/XP participate in a domain security context, and if the default user -profile is not found, then the client will search for a default profile in the NETLOGON share -of the authenticating server. ie: In MS Windows parlance: -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->%LOGONSERVER%\NETLOGON\Default User</TT -> and if one exits there it will copy this -to the workstation to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->C:\Documents and Settings\</TT -> under the Windows -login name of the user.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P -> This path translates, in Samba parlance, to the smb.conf [NETLOGON] share. The directory - should be created at the root of this share and msut be called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->Default Profile</TT ->. - </P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->If a default profile does not exist in this location then MS Windows 200x/XP will use the local -default profile.</P -><P ->On loging out, the users' desktop profile will be stored to the location specified in the registry -settings that pertain to the user. If no specific policies have been created, or passed to the client -during the login process (as Samba does automatically), then the user's profile will be written to -the local machine only under the path <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->C:\Documents and Settings\%USERNAME%</TT ->.</P -><P ->Those wishing to modify the default behaviour can do so through up to three methods:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P -> Modify the registry keys on the local machine manually and place the new default profile in the - NETLOGON share root - NOT recommended as it is maintenance intensive. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Create an NT4 style NTConfig.POL file that specified this behaviour and locate this file - in the root of the NETLOGON share along with the new default profile. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Create a GPO that enforces this through Active Directory, and place the new default profile - in the NETLOGON share. - </P -></LI -></UL -><P ->The Registry Hive key that affects the behaviour of folders that are part of the default user profile -are controlled by entries on Windows 200x/XP is:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> HKEY_CURRENT_USER - \Software - \Microsoft - \Windows - \CurrentVersion - \Explorer - \User Shell Folders\</PRE -></P -><P ->The above hive key contains a list of automatically managed folders. The default entries are:</P -><P -> <PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> Name Default Value - -------------- ----------------------------------------- - AppData %USERPROFILE%\Application Data - Cache %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files - Cookies %USERPROFILE%\Cookies - Desktop %USERPROFILE%\Desktop - Favorites %USERPROFILE%\Favorites - History %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\History - Local AppData %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings\Application Data - Local Settings %USERPROFILE%\Local Settings - My Pictures %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\My Pictures - NetHood %USERPROFILE%\NetHood - Personal %USERPROFILE%\My Documents - PrintHood %USERPROFILE%\PrintHood - Programs %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs - Recent %USERPROFILE%\Recent - SendTo %USERPROFILE%\SendTo - Start Menu %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu - Startup %USERPROFILE%\Start Menu\Programs\Startup - Templates %USERPROFILE%\Templates - </PRE -> - </P -><P ->There is also an entry called "Default" that has no value set. The default entry is of type REG_SZ, all -the others are of type REG_EXPAND_SZ.</P -><P ->It makes a huge difference to the speed of handling roaming user profiles if all the folders are -stored on a dedicated location on a network server. This means that it will NOT be necessary to -write Outlook PST file over the network for every login and logout.</P -><P ->To set this to a network location you could use the following examples: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> %LOGONSERVER%\%USERNAME%\Default Folders</PRE -> - -This would store the folders in the user's home directory under a directory called "Default Folders" - -You could also use: - -<PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> \\SambaServer\FolderShare\%USERNAME%</PRE -> - -in which case the default folders will be stored in the server named <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->SambaServer</I -></SPAN -> -in the share called <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->FolderShare</I -></SPAN -> under a directory that has the name of the MS Windows -user as seen by the Linux/Unix file system.</P -><P ->Please note that once you have created a default profile share, you MUST migrate a user's profile -(default or custom) to it.</P -><P ->MS Windows 200x/XP profiles may be <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Local</I -></SPAN -> or <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Roaming</I -></SPAN ->. -A roaming profile will be cached locally unless the following registry key is created:</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\winlogon\ - "DeleteRoamingCache"=dword:00000001</PRE -> - -In which case, the local cache copy will be deleted on logout.</P -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="policymgmt.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->System and Account Policies</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Interdomain Trust Relationships</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/pwencrypt.html b/docs/htmldocs/pwencrypt.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..9414399bf4 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/pwencrypt.html @@ -0,0 +1,434 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="General installation" +HREF="introduction.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide" +HREF="browsing-quick.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Type of installation" +HREF="type.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="PWENCRYPT">Chapter 4. LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN457">4.1. Introduction</H1 +><P +>Newer windows clients send encrypted passwords over + the wire, instead of plain text passwords. The newest clients + will only send encrypted passwords and refuse to send plain text + passwords, unless their registry is tweaked.</P +><P +>These passwords can't be converted to unix style encrypted + passwords. Because of that you can't use the standard unix + user database, and you have to store the Lanman and NT hashes + somewhere else. For more information, see the documentation + about the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend = </B +> parameter. + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN462">4.2. Important Notes About Security</H1 +><P +>The unix and SMB password encryption techniques seem similar + on the surface. This similarity is, however, only skin deep. The unix + scheme typically sends clear text passwords over the network when + logging in. This is bad. The SMB encryption scheme never sends the + cleartext password over the network but it does store the 16 byte + hashed values on disk. This is also bad. Why? Because the 16 byte hashed + values are a "password equivalent". You cannot derive the user's + password from them, but they could potentially be used in a modified + client to gain access to a server. This would require considerable + technical knowledge on behalf of the attacker but is perfectly possible. + You should thus treat the smbpasswd file as though it contained the + cleartext passwords of all your users. Its contents must be kept + secret, and the file should be protected accordingly.</P +><P +>Ideally we would like a password scheme which neither requires + plain text passwords on the net or on disk. Unfortunately this + is not available as Samba is stuck with being compatible with + other SMB systems (WinNT, WfWg, Win95 etc). </P +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>Note that Windows NT 4.0 Service pack 3 changed the + default for permissible authentication so that plaintext + passwords are <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>never</I +></SPAN +> sent over the wire. + The solution to this is either to switch to encrypted passwords + with Samba or edit the Windows NT registry to re-enable plaintext + passwords. See the document WinNT.txt for details on how to do + this.</P +><P +>Other Microsoft operating systems which also exhibit + this behavior includes</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>MS DOS Network client 3.0 with + the basic network redirector installed</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Windows 95 with the network redirector + update installed</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Windows 98 [se]</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Windows 2000</P +></LI +></UL +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note :</I +></SPAN +>All current release of + Microsoft SMB/CIFS clients support authentication via the + SMB Challenge/Response mechanism described here. Enabling + clear text authentication does not disable the ability + of the client to participate in encrypted authentication.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN481">4.2.1. Advantages of SMB Encryption</H2 +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>plain text passwords are not passed across + the network. Someone using a network sniffer cannot just + record passwords going to the SMB server.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>WinNT doesn't like talking to a server + that isn't using SMB encrypted passwords. It will refuse + to browse the server if the server is also in user level + security mode. It will insist on prompting the user for the + password on each connection, which is very annoying. The + only things you can do to stop this is to use SMB encryption. + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN488">4.2.2. Advantages of non-encrypted passwords</H2 +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>plain text passwords are not kept + on disk. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>uses same password file as other unix + services such as login and ftp</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>you are probably already using other + services (such as telnet and ftp) which send plain text + passwords over the net, so sending them for SMB isn't + such a big deal.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN497">4.3. The smbpasswd Command</H1 +><P +>The smbpasswd command maintains the two 32 byte password fields + in the smbpasswd file. If you wish to make it similar to the unix + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd</B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>yppasswd</B +> programs, + install it in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/</TT +> (or your + main Samba binary directory).</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> now works in a client-server mode + where it contacts the local smbd to change the user's password on its + behalf. This has enormous benefits - as follows.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> now has the capability + to change passwords on Windows NT servers (this only works when + the request is sent to the NT Primary Domain Controller if you + are changing an NT Domain user's password).</P +><P +>To run smbpasswd as a normal user just type :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>$ </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbpasswd</B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>Old SMB password: </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +><type old value here - + or hit return if there was no old password></B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>New SMB Password: </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +><type new value> + </B +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>Repeat New SMB Password: </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +><re-type new value + </B +></TT +></P +><P +>If the old value does not match the current value stored for + that user, or the two new values do not match each other, then the + password will not be changed.</P +><P +>If invoked by an ordinary user it will only allow the user + to change his or her own Samba password.</P +><P +>If run by the root user smbpasswd may take an optional + argument, specifying the user name whose SMB password you wish to + change. Note that when run as root smbpasswd does not prompt for + or check the old password value, thus allowing root to set passwords + for users who have forgotten their passwords.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> is designed to work in the same way + and be familiar to UNIX users who use the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd</B +> or + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>yppasswd</B +> commands.</P +><P +>For more details on using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> refer + to the man page which will always be the definitive reference.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="browsing-quick.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Quick Cross Subnet Browsing / Cross Workgroup Browsing guide</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="introduction.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Type of installation</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/rpcclient.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/rpcclient.1.html index ed351b0096..e695663c8a 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/rpcclient.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/rpcclient.1.html @@ -1,198 +1,781 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>rpcclient</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="rpcclient.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>rpcclient — tool for executing client side - MS-RPC functions</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>rpcclient</tt> [-A authfile] [-c <command string>] [-d debuglevel] [-h] [-l logfile] [-N] [-s <smb config file>] [-U username[%password]] [-W workgroup] [-N] [-I destinationIP] {server}</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>rpcclient</b> is a utility initially developed +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>rpcclient</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="RPCCLIENT" +></A +>rpcclient</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>rpcclient -- tool for executing client side + MS-RPC functions</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> [-A authfile] [-c <command string>] [-d debuglevel] [-h] [-l logfile] [-N] [-s <smb config file>] [-U username[%password]] [-W workgroup] [-N] [-I destinationIP] {server}</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN23" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> is a utility initially developed to test MS-RPC functionality in Samba itself. It has undergone several stages of development and stability. Many system administrators have now written scripts around it to manage Windows NT clients from - their UNIX workstation. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">server</span></dt><dd><p>NetBIOS name of Server to which to connect. + their UNIX workstation. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN29" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>server</DT +><DD +><P +>NetBIOS name of Server to which to connect. The server can be any SMB/CIFS server. The name is - resolved using the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#NAMERESOLVEORDER" target="_top"> - <i><tt>name resolve order</tt></i></a> line from <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-c|--command='command string'</span></dt><dd><p>execute semicolon separated commands (listed - below)) </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-I IP-address</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>IP address</tt></i> is the address of the server to connect to. - It should be specified in standard "a.b.c.d" notation. </p><p>Normally the client would attempt to locate a named - SMB/CIFS server by looking it up via the NetBIOS name resolution - mechanism described above in the <i><tt>name resolve order</tt></i> - parameter above. Using this parameter will force the client - to assume that the server is on the machine with the specified IP - address and the NetBIOS name component of the resource being - connected to will be ignored. </p><p>There is no default for this parameter. If not supplied, - it will be determined automatically by the client as described - above. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer + resolved using the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NAMERESOLVEORDER" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order</I +></TT +></A +> line from + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-A|--authfile=filename</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows + you to specify a file from which to read the username and + password used in the connection. The format of the file is + </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> username = <value> + password = <value> + domain = <value> + </PRE +></P +><P +>Make certain that the permissions on the file restrict + access from unwanted users. </P +></DD +><DT +>-c|--command='command string'</DT +><DD +><P +>execute semicolon separated commands (listed + below)) </P +></DD +><DT +>-d|--debug=debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be +not specified is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of the server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable +information about operations carried out.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-N</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter suppresses the normal -password prompt from the client to the user. This is useful when -accessing a service that does not require a password. </p><p>Unless a password is specified on the command line or -this parameter is specified, the client will request a -password.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-k</span></dt><dd><p> -Try to authenticate with kerberos. Only useful in -an Active Directory environment. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-A|--authfile=filename</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows -you to specify a file from which to read the username and -password used in the connection. The format of the file is -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -username = <value> -password = <value> -domain = <value> -</pre><p>Make certain that the permissions on the file restrict -access from unwanted users. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U|--user=username[%password]</span></dt><dd><p>Sets the SMB username or username and password. </p><p>If %password is not specified, the user will be prompted. The -client will first check the <tt>USER</tt> environment variable, then the -<tt>LOGNAME</tt> variable and if either exists, the -string is uppercased. If these environmental variables are not -found, the username <tt>GUEST</tt> is used. </p><p>A third option is to use a credentials file which -contains the plaintext of the username and password. This -option is mainly provided for scripts where the admin does not -wish to pass the credentials on the command line or via environment -variables. If this method is used, make certain that the permissions -on the file restrict access from unwanted users. See the -<i><tt>-A</tt></i> for more details. </p><p>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. Also, on -many systems the command line of a running process may be seen -via the <b>ps</b> command. To be safe always allow -<b>rpcclient</b> to prompt for a password and type -it in directly. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n <primary NetBIOS name></span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override -the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical -to setting the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#netbiosname" target="_top"><i><tt>NetBIOS -name</tt></i></a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. However, a command -line setting will take precedence over settings in -<a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i <scope></span></dt><dd><p>This specifies a NetBIOS scope that -<b>nmblookup</b> will use to communicate with when -generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS -scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are -<span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> rarely used, only set this parameter -if you are the system administrator in charge of all the -NetBIOS systems you communicate with.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-W|--workgroup=domain</span></dt><dd><p>Set the SMB domain of the username. This -overrides the default domain which is the domain defined in -smb.conf. If the domain specified is the same as the servers -NetBIOS name, it causes the client to log on using the servers local -SAM (as opposed to the Domain SAM). </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-O socket options</span></dt><dd><p>TCP socket options to set on the client -socket. See the socket options parameter in -the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> manual page for the list of valid -options. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMMANDS</h2><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>LSARPC</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">lsaquery</span></dt><dd><p>Query info policy</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lookupsids</span></dt><dd><p>Resolve a list +data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will +override the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" +TARGET="_top" +>log +level</A +> parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h|--help</DT +><DD +><P +>Print a summary of command line options.</P +></DD +><DT +>-I IP-address</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>IP address</I +></TT +> is the address of the server to connect to. + It should be specified in standard "a.b.c.d" notation. </P +><P +>Normally the client would attempt to locate a named + SMB/CIFS server by looking it up via the NetBIOS name resolution + mechanism described above in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order</I +></TT +> + parameter above. Using this parameter will force the client + to assume that the server is on the machine with the specified IP + address and the NetBIOS name component of the resource being + connected to will be ignored. </P +><P +>There is no default for this parameter. If not supplied, + it will be determined automatically by the client as described + above. </P +></DD +><DT +>-l|--logfile=logbasename</DT +><DD +><P +>File name for log/debug files. The extension + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>'.client'</TT +> will be appended. The log file is + never removed by the client. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-N|--nopass</DT +><DD +><P +>instruct <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> not to ask + for a password. By default, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> will + prompt for a password. See also the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-U</I +></TT +> + option.</P +></DD +><DT +>-s|--conf=smb.conf</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the location of the all-important + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. </P +></DD +><DT +>-U|--user=username[%password]</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets the SMB username or username and password. </P +><P +>If %password is not specified, the user will be prompted. The + client will first check the <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>USER</TT +> environment variable, then the + <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>LOGNAME</TT +> variable and if either exists, the + string is uppercased. If these environmental variables are not + found, the username <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>GUEST</TT +> is used. </P +><P +>A third option is to use a credentials file which + contains the plaintext of the username and password. This + option is mainly provided for scripts where the admin does not + wish to pass the credentials on the command line or via environment + variables. If this method is used, make certain that the permissions + on the file restrict access from unwanted users. See the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-A</I +></TT +> for more details. </P +><P +>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. Also, on + many systems the command line of a running process may be seen + via the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ps</B +> command. To be safe always allow + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> to prompt for a password and type + it in directly. </P +></DD +><DT +>-W|--workgroup=domain</DT +><DD +><P +>Set the SMB domain of the username. This + overrides the default domain which is the domain defined in + smb.conf. If the domain specified is the same as the server's NetBIOS name, + it causes the client to log on using the server's local SAM (as + opposed to the Domain SAM). </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN107" +></A +><H2 +>COMMANDS</H2 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>LSARPC</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lsaquery</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lookupsids</B +> - Resolve a list of SIDs to usernames. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">lookupnames</span></dt><dd><p>Resolve a list + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lookupnames</B +> - Resolve a list of usernames to SIDs. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumtrusts</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate trusted domains</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumprivs</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate privileges</p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdispname</span></dt><dd><p>Get the privilege name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaenumsid</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate the LSA SIDS</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaenumprivsaccount</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate the privileges of an SID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaenumacctrights</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate the rights of an SID</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaenumacctwithright</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate accounts with a right</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaaddacctrights</span></dt><dd><p>Add rights to an account</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaremoveacctrights</span></dt><dd><p>Remove rights from an account</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsalookupprivvalue</span></dt><dd><p>Get a privilege value given its name</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lsaquerysecobj</span></dt><dd><p>Query LSA security object</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>LSARPC-DS</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">dsroledominfo</span></dt><dd><p>Get Primary Domain Information</p></dd></dl></div><p> </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>DFS</em></span></p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">dfsexist</span></dt><dd><p>Query DFS support</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dfsadd</span></dt><dd><p>Add a DFS share</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dfsremove</span></dt><dd><p>Remove a DFS share</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dfsgetinfo</span></dt><dd><p>Query DFS share info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dfsenum</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate dfs shares</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>REG</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">shutdown</span></dt><dd><p>Remote Shutdown</p></dd><dt><span class="term">abortshutdown</span></dt><dd><p>Abort Shutdown</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SRVSVC</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">srvinfo</span></dt><dd><p>Server query info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">netshareenum</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate shares</p></dd><dt><span class="term">netfileenum</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate open files</p></dd><dt><span class="term">netremotetod</span></dt><dd><p>Fetch remote time of day</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SAMR</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">queryuser</span></dt><dd><p>Query user info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">querygroup</span></dt><dd><p>Query group info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queryusergroups</span></dt><dd><p>Query user groups</p></dd><dt><span class="term">querygroupmem</span></dt><dd><p>Query group membership</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queryaliasmem</span></dt><dd><p>Query alias membership</p></dd><dt><span class="term">querydispinfo</span></dt><dd><p>Query display info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">querydominfo</span></dt><dd><p>Query domain info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumdomusers</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate domain users</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumdomgroups</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate domain groups</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumalsgroups</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate alias groups</p></dd><dt><span class="term">createdomuser</span></dt><dd><p>Create domain user</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samlookupnames</span></dt><dd><p>Look up names</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samlookuprids</span></dt><dd><p>Look up names</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deletedomuser</span></dt><dd><p>Delete domain user</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samquerysecobj</span></dt><dd><p>Query SAMR security object</p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdompwinfo</span></dt><dd><p>Retrieve domain password info</p></dd><dt><span class="term">lookupdomain</span></dt><dd><p>Look up domain</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>SPOOLSS</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">adddriver <arch> <config></span></dt><dd><p> - Execute an AddPrinterDriver() RPC to install the printer driver + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumtrusts</B +></P +></LI +></UL +><P +> </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SAMR</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>queryuser</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>querygroup</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>queryusergroups</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>querygroupmem</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>queryaliasmem</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>querydispinfo</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>querydominfo</B +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumdomgroups</B +></P +></LI +></UL +><P +> </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SPOOLSS</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>adddriver <arch> <config></B +> + - Execute an AddPrinterDriver() RPC to install the printer driver information on the server. Note that the driver files should already exist in the directory returned by - <b>getdriverdir</b>. Possible values for - <i><tt>arch</tt></i> are the same as those for - the <b>getdriverdir</b> command. - The <i><tt>config</tt></i> parameter is defined as - follows: </p><pre class="programlisting"> -Long Printer Name:\ -Driver File Name:\ -Data File Name:\ -Config File Name:\ -Help File Name:\ -Language Monitor Name:\ -Default Data Type:\ -Comma Separated list of Files -</pre><p>Any empty fields should be enter as the string "NULL". </p><p>Samba does not need to support the concept of Print Monitors + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getdriverdir</B +>. Possible values for + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>arch</I +></TT +> are the same as those for + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getdriverdir</B +> command. + The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>config</I +></TT +> parameter is defined as + follows: </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> Long Printer Name:\ + Driver File Name:\ + Data File Name:\ + Config File Name:\ + Help File Name:\ + Language Monitor Name:\ + Default Data Type:\ + Comma Separated list of Files + </PRE +></P +><P +>Any empty fields should be enter as the string "NULL". </P +><P +>Samba does not need to support the concept of Print Monitors since these only apply to local printers whose driver can make use of a bi-directional link for communication. This field should - be "NULL". On a remote NT print server, the Print Monitor for a + be "NULL". On a remote NT print server, the Print Monitor for a driver must already be installed prior to adding the driver or - else the RPC will fail. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">addprinter <printername> - <sharename> <drivername> <port></span></dt><dd><p> - Add a printer on the remote server. This printer + else the RPC will fail. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>addprinter <printername> + <sharename> <drivername> <port></B +> + - Add a printer on the remote server. This printer will be automatically shared. Be aware that the printer driver - must already be installed on the server (see <b>adddriver</b>) - and the <i><tt>port</tt></i>must be a valid port name (see - <b>enumports</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deldriver</span></dt><dd><p>Delete the + must already be installed on the server (see <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>adddriver</B +>) + and the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>port</I +></TT +>must be a valid port name (see + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumports</B +>.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>deldriver</B +> - Delete the specified printer driver for all architectures. This does not delete the actual driver files from the server, only the entry from the server's list of drivers. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumdata</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate all + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumdata</B +> - Enumerate all printer setting data stored on the server. On Windows NT clients, these values are stored in the registry, while Samba servers store them in the printers TDB. This command corresponds to the MS Platform SDK GetPrinterData() function (* This - command is currently unimplemented).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumdataex</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate printer data for a key</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumjobs <printer></span></dt><dd><p>List the jobs and status of a given printer. + command is currently unimplemented).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumjobs <printer></B +> + - List the jobs and status of a given printer. This command corresponds to the MS Platform SDK EnumJobs() - function</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumkey</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate - printer keys</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumports [level]</span></dt><dd><p> - Executes an EnumPorts() call using the specified + function (* This command is currently unimplemented).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumports [level]</B +> + - Executes an EnumPorts() call using the specified info level. Currently only info levels 1 and 2 are supported. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumdrivers [level]</span></dt><dd><p> - Execute an EnumPrinterDrivers() call. This lists the various installed + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumdrivers [level]</B +> + - Execute an EnumPrinterDrivers() call. This lists the various installed printer drivers for all architectures. Refer to the MS Platform SDK documentation for more details of the various flags and calling - options. Currently supported info levels are 1, 2, and 3.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumprinters [level]</span></dt><dd><p>Execute an EnumPrinters() call. This lists the various installed + options. Currently supported info levels are 1, 2, and 3.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumprinters [level]</B +> + - Execute an EnumPrinters() call. This lists the various installed and share printers. Refer to the MS Platform SDK documentation for more details of the various flags and calling options. Currently - supported info levels are 0, 1, and 2.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdata <printername> <valuename;></span></dt><dd><p>Retrieve the data for a given printer setting. See - the <b>enumdata</b> command for more information. + supported info levels are 0, 1, and 2.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getdata <printername></B +> + - Retrieve the data for a given printer setting. See + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumdata</B +> command for more information. This command corresponds to the GetPrinterData() MS Platform - SDK function. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdataex</span></dt><dd><p>Get - printer driver data with - keyname</p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdriver <printername></span></dt><dd><p> - Retrieve the printer driver information (such as driver file, + SDK function (* This command is currently unimplemented). </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getdriver <printername></B +> + - Retrieve the printer driver information (such as driver file, config file, dependent files, etc...) for the given printer. This command corresponds to the GetPrinterDriver() MS Platform SDK function. Currently info level 1, 2, and 3 are supported. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">getdriverdir <arch></span></dt><dd><p> - Execute a GetPrinterDriverDirectory() + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getdriverdir <arch></B +> + - Execute a GetPrinterDriverDirectory() RPC to retrieve the SMB share name and subdirectory for storing printer driver files for a given architecture. Possible - values for <i><tt>arch</tt></i> are "Windows 4.0" - (for Windows 95/98), "Windows NT x86", "Windows NT PowerPC", "Windows - Alpha_AXP", and "Windows NT R4000". </p></dd><dt><span class="term">getprinter <printername></span></dt><dd><p>Retrieve the current printer information. This command + values for <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>arch</I +></TT +> are "Windows 4.0" + (for Windows 95/98), "Windows NT x86", "Windows NT PowerPC", "Windows + Alpha_AXP", and "Windows NT R4000". </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getprinter <printername></B +> + - Retrieve the current printer information. This command corresponds to the GetPrinter() MS Platform SDK function. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">getprintprocdir</span></dt><dd><p>Get - print processor - directory</p></dd><dt><span class="term">openprinter <printername></span></dt><dd><p>Execute an OpenPrinterEx() and ClosePrinter() RPC - against a given printer. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">setdriver <printername> - <drivername></span></dt><dd><p>Execute a SetPrinter() command to update the printer driver + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>openprinter <printername></B +> + - Execute an OpenPrinterEx() and ClosePrinter() RPC + against a given printer. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>setdriver <printername> + <drivername></B +> + - Execute a SetPrinter() command to update the printer driver associated with an installed printer. The printer driver must - already be correctly installed on the print server. </p><p>See also the <b>enumprinters</b> and - <b>enumdrivers</b> commands for obtaining a list of - of installed printers and drivers.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">addform</span></dt><dd><p>Add form</p></dd><dt><span class="term">setform</span></dt><dd><p>Set form</p></dd><dt><span class="term">getform</span></dt><dd><p>Get form</p></dd><dt><span class="term">deleteform</span></dt><dd><p>Delete form</p></dd><dt><span class="term">enumforms</span></dt><dd><p>Enumerate form</p></dd><dt><span class="term">setprinter</span></dt><dd><p>Set printer comment</p></dd><dt><span class="term">setprinterdata</span></dt><dd><p>Set REG_SZ printer data</p></dd><dt><span class="term">rffpcnex</span></dt><dd><p>Rffpcnex test</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>NETLOGON</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">logonctrl2</span></dt><dd><p>Logon Control 2</p></dd><dt><span class="term">logonctrl</span></dt><dd><p>Logon Control</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samsync</span></dt><dd><p>Sam Synchronisation</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samdeltas</span></dt><dd><p>Query Sam Deltas</p></dd><dt><span class="term">samlogon</span></dt><dd><p>Sam Logon</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>GENERAL COMMANDS</h3><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p>Set the current - debug level used to log information.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">help (?)</span></dt><dd><p>Print a listing of all + already be correctly installed on the print server. </P +><P +>See also the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumprinters</B +> and + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumdrivers</B +> commands for obtaining a list of + of installed printers and drivers.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>GENERAL OPTIONS</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debuglevel</B +> - Set the current + debug level used to log information.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>help (?)</B +> - Print a listing of all known commands or extended help on a particular command. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">quit (exit)</span></dt><dd><p>Exit <b>rpcclient - </b>.</p></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>BUGS</h2><p><b>rpcclient</b> is designed as a developer testing tool + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>quit (exit)</B +> - Exit <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient + </B +>.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN227" +></A +><H2 +>BUGS</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +> is designed as a developer testing tool and may not be robust in certain areas (such as command line parsing). It has been known to generate a core dump upon failures when invalid - parameters where passed to the interpreter. </p><p>From Luke Leighton's original rpcclient man page:</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING!</em></span> The MSRPC over SMB code has + parameters where passed to the interpreter. </P +><P +>From Luke Leighton's original rpcclient man page:</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>"WARNING!</I +></SPAN +> The MSRPC over SMB code has been developed from examining Network traces. No documentation is available from the original creators (Microsoft) on how MSRPC over SMB works, or how the individual MSRPC services work. Microsoft's implementation of these services has been demonstrated (and reported) - to be... a bit flaky in places. </p><p>The development of Samba's implementation is also a bit rough, - and as more of the services are understood, it can even result in - versions of <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> and <a href="rpcclient.1.html">rpcclient(1)</a> that are incompatible for some commands or services. Additionally, + to be... a bit flaky in places. </P +><P +>The development of Samba's implementation is also a bit rough, + and as more of the services are understood, it can even result in + versions of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient(1)</B +> + that are incompatible for some commands or services. Additionally, the developers are sending reports to Microsoft, and problems found or reported to Microsoft are fixed in Service Packs, which may - result in incompatibilities.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba - suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + result in incompatibilities." </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN237" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba + suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN240" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original rpcclient man page was written by Matthew + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original rpcclient man page was written by Matthew Geddes, Luke Kenneth Casson Leighton, and rewritten by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald - Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was - done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Carter.</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/samba-bdc.html b/docs/htmldocs/samba-bdc.html index 0a8a8fa2e1..ef06a89416 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/samba-bdc.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/samba-bdc.html @@ -1,27 +1,111 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="type.html" title="Part II. Server Configuration Basics"><link rel="previous" href="samba-pdc.html" title="Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -"><link rel="next" href="ADS.html" title="Chapter 7. Samba as a ADS domain member"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="samba-pdc.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part II. Server Configuration Basics</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ADS.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-bdc"></a>Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Volker Lendecke</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE">Volker.Lendecke@SerNet.DE</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (26 Apr 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2807541">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2877190">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879061">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879083">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879107">When is the PDC needed?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879127">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879160">How do I set up a Samba BDC?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879257">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879286">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2807541"></a>Prerequisite Reading</h2></div></div><p> -Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Type of installation" +HREF="type.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller" +HREF="samba-pdc.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Samba as a ADS domain member" +HREF="ads.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="ads.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SAMBA-BDC">Chapter 7. How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1127">7.1. Prerequisite Reading</H1 +><P +>Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure that you are comfortable with configuring a Samba PDC -as described in the <a href="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" target="_top">Samba-PDC-HOWTO</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877190"></a>Background</h2></div></div><p> -What is a Domain Controller? It is a machine that is able to answer +as described in the <A +HREF="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba-PDC-HOWTO</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1131">7.2. Background</H1 +><P +>What is a Domain Controller? It is a machine that is able to answer logon requests from workstations in a Windows NT Domain. Whenever a user logs into a Windows NT Workstation, the workstation connects to a Domain Controller and asks him whether the username and password the user typed in is correct. The Domain Controller replies with a lot of information about the user, for example the place where the users profile is stored, the users full name of the user. All this -information is stored in the NT user database, the so-called SAM. -</p><p> -There are two kinds of Domain Controller in a NT 4 compatible Domain: +information is stored in the NT user database, the so-called SAM.</P +><P +>There are two kinds of Domain Controller in a NT 4 compatible Domain: A Primary Domain Controller (PDC) and one or more Backup Domain Controllers (BDC). The PDC contains the master copy of the SAM. Whenever the SAM has to change, for example when a user changes @@ -30,31 +114,47 @@ Controller is a machine that maintains a read-only copy of the SAM. This way it is able to reply to logon requests and authenticate users in case the PDC is not available. During this time no changes to the SAM are possible. Whenever changes to the SAM are done on the PDC, -all BDC receive the changes from the PDC. -</p><p> -Since version 2.2 Samba officially supports domain logons for all +all BDC receive the changes from the PDC.</P +><P +>Since version 2.2 Samba officially supports domain logons for all current Windows Clients, including Windows 2000 and XP. This text assumes the domain to be named SAMBA. To be able to act as a PDC, some -parameters in the [global]-section of the smb.conf have to be set: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = SAMBA - domain master = yes - domain logons = yes -</pre><p> -Several other things like a [homes] and a [netlogon] share also may be +parameters in the [global]-section of the smb.conf have to be set:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>workgroup = SAMBA +domain master = yes +domain logons = yes</PRE +></P +><P +>Several other things like a [homes] and a [netlogon] share also may be set along with settings for the profile path, the users home drive and -others. This will not be covered in this document. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2879061"></a>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</h2></div></div><p> -Every machine that is a Domain Controller for the domain SAMBA has to +others. This will not be covered in this document.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1139">7.3. What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</H1 +><P +>Every machine that is a Domain Controller for the domain SAMBA has to register the NetBIOS group name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server and/or by broadcast on the local network. The PDC also registers the unique NetBIOS name SAMBA#1b with the WINS server. The name type #1b is normally reserved for the domain master browser, a role that has nothing to do with anything related to authentication, but the Microsoft Domain implementation requires the domain master browser to -be on the same machine as the PDC. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879083"></a>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</h3></div></div><p> -A NT workstation in the domain SAMBA that wants a local user to be +be on the same machine as the PDC.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1142">7.3.1. How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</H2 +><P +>A NT workstation in the domain SAMBA that wants a local user to be authenticated has to find the domain controller for SAMBA. It does this by doing a NetBIOS name query for the group name SAMBA#1c. It assumes that each of the machines it gets back from the queries is a @@ -62,87 +162,187 @@ domain controller and can answer logon requests. To not open security holes both the workstation and the selected (TODO: How is the DC chosen) domain controller authenticate each other. After that the workstation sends the user's credentials (his name and password) to -the domain controller, asking for approval. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879107"></a>When is the PDC needed?</h3></div></div><p> -Whenever a user wants to change his password, this has to be done on +the domain controller, asking for approval.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1145">7.3.2. When is the PDC needed?</H2 +><P +>Whenever a user wants to change his password, this has to be done on the PDC. To find the PDC, the workstation does a NetBIOS name query for SAMBA#1b, assuming this machine maintains the master copy of the SAM. The workstation contacts the PDC, both mutually authenticate and -the password change is done. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2879127"></a>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</h2></div></div><p> -With version 2.2, no. The native NT SAM replication protocols have +the password change is done.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1148">7.4. Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller?</H1 +><P +>With version 2.2, no. The native NT SAM replication protocols have not yet been fully implemented. The Samba Team is working on understanding and implementing the protocols, but this work has not -been finished for version 2.2. -</p><p> -With version 3.0, the work on both the replication protocols and a -suitable storage mechanism has progressed, and some form of NT4 BDC -support is expected soon. -</p><p> -Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes. The main reason for +been finished for version 2.2.</P +><P +>Can I get the benefits of a BDC with Samba? Yes. The main reason for implementing a BDC is availability. If the PDC is a Samba machine, a second Samba machine can be set up to -service logon requests whenever the PDC is down. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2879160"></a>How do I set up a Samba BDC?</h2></div></div><p> -Several things have to be done: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -The domain SID has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC. This used to +service logon requests whenever the PDC is down.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1152">7.5. How do I set up a Samba BDC?</H1 +><P +>Several things have to be done:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The domain SID has to be the same on the PDC and the BDC. This used to be stored in the file private/MACHINE.SID. This file is not created anymore since Samba 2.2.5 or even earlier. Nowadays the domain SID is stored in the file private/secrets.tdb. Simply copying the secrets.tdb from the PDC to the BDC does not work, as the BDC would generate a new SID for itself and override the domain SID with this -new BDC SID.</p><p> -To retrieve the domain SID from the PDC or an existing BDC and store it in the -secrets.tdb, execute 'net rpc getsid' on the BDC. -</p></li><li><p> -The Unix user database has to be synchronized from the PDC to the +new BDC SID.</P +><P +>To retrieve the domain SID from the PDC or an existing BDC and store it in the +secrets.tdb, execute 'net rpc getsid' on the BDC.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The Unix user database has to be synchronized from the PDC to the BDC. This means that both the /etc/passwd and /etc/group have to be replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This can be done manually whenever changes are made, or the PDC is set up as a NIS master server and the BDC as a NIS slave server. To set up the BDC as a mere NIS client would not be enough, as the BDC would not be able to -access its user database in case of a PDC failure. -</p></li><li><p> -The Samba password database in the file private/smbpasswd has to be +access its user database in case of a PDC failure.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The Samba password database in the file private/smbpasswd has to be replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This is a bit tricky, see the -next section. -</p></li><li><p> -Any netlogon share has to be replicated from the PDC to the +next section.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Any netlogon share has to be replicated from the PDC to the BDC. This can be done manually whenever login scripts are changed, or it can be done automatically together with the smbpasswd -synchronization. -</p></li></ul></div><p> -Finally, the BDC has to be found by the workstations. This can be done -by setting -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = samba - domain master = no - domain logons = yes -</pre><p> -in the [global]-section of the smb.conf of the BDC. This makes the BDC +synchronization.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Finally, the BDC has to be found by the workstations. This can be done +by setting</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>workgroup = samba +domain master = no +domain logons = yes</PRE +></P +><P +>in the [global]-section of the smb.conf of the BDC. This makes the BDC only register the name SAMBA#1c with the WINS server. This is no problem as the name SAMBA#1c is a NetBIOS group name that is meant to be registered by more than one machine. The parameter 'domain master = no' forces the BDC not to register SAMBA#1b which as a unique NetBIOS -name is reserved for the Primary Domain Controller. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879257"></a>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</h3></div></div><p> -Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done +name is reserved for the Primary Domain Controller.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1169">7.5.1. How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</H2 +><P +>Replication of the smbpasswd file is sensitive. It has to be done whenever changes to the SAM are made. Every user's password change is done in the smbpasswd file and has to be replicated to the BDC. So -replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary. -</p><p> -As the smbpasswd file contains plain text password equivalents, it +replicating the smbpasswd file very often is necessary.</P +><P +>As the smbpasswd file contains plain text password equivalents, it must not be sent unencrypted over the wire. The best way to set up smbpasswd replication from the PDC to the BDC is to use the utility rsync. rsync can use ssh as a transport. ssh itself can be set up to accept *only* rsync transfer without requiring the user to type a -password. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2879286"></a>Can I do this all with LDAP?</h3></div></div><p>The simple answer is YES. Samba's pdb_ldap code supports -binding to a replica LDAP server, and will also follow referrals and -rebind to the master if it ever needs to make a modification to the -database. (Normally BDCs are read only, so this will not occur -often). -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="samba-pdc.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="type.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ADS.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller - </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 7. Samba as a ADS domain member</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +password.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="ads.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Samba as a ADS domain member</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/samba-howto-collection.html b/docs/htmldocs/samba-howto-collection.html index 3d2a95873e..0062e257dc 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/samba-howto-collection.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/samba-howto-collection.html @@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ >SAMBA Project Documentation</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="General installation" HREF="introduction.html"></HEAD @@ -19,61 +20,32 @@ ALINK="#0000FF" ><DIV CLASS="BOOK" ><A -NAME="SAMBA-HOWTO-COLLECTION" -></A -><DIV +NAME="SAMBA-HOWTO-COLLECTION"><DIV CLASS="TITLEPAGE" ><H1 CLASS="TITLE" ><A -NAME="SAMBA-HOWTO-COLLECTION" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</A -></H1 +NAME="SAMBA-HOWTO-COLLECTION">SAMBA Project Documentation</H1 ><H3 CLASS="AUTHOR" ><A -NAME="AEN4" -></A ->SAMBA Team</H3 -><DIV -CLASS="AFFILIATION" -><DIV -CLASS="ADDRESS" -><P -CLASS="ADDRESS" -><CODE -CLASS="EMAIL" -><<A -HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" ->samba@samba.org</A ->></CODE -></P -></DIV -></DIV -><H4 -CLASS="EDITEDBY" ->Edited by</H4 -><H3 -CLASS="EDITOR" ->Jelmer R. Vernooij</H3 -><H3 -CLASS="EDITOR" ->John H. Terpstra</H3 -><H3 -CLASS="EDITOR" ->Gerald (Jerry) Carter</H3 -><DIV -><DIV -CLASS="ABSTRACT" -><P -></P +NAME="AEN4">SAMBA Team</H3 +><HR></DIV +><H1 ><A -NAME="AEN34" -></A +NAME="AEN8">Abstract</H1 +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Last Update</I +></SPAN +> : Wed Jan 15</P ><P >This book is a collection of HOWTOs added to Samba documentation over the years. -Samba is always under development, and so is it's documentation. -The most recent version of this document +I try to ensure that all are current, but sometimes the is a larger job +than one person can maintain. The most recent version of this document can be found at <A HREF="http://www.samba.org/" TARGET="_top" @@ -90,17 +62,6 @@ TARGET="_top" >jelmer@samba.org</A >.</P ><P -></P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="LEGALNOTICE" -><P -></P -><A -NAME="AEN39" -></A -><P >This documentation is distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2. A copy of the license is included with the Samba source distribution. A copy can be found on-line at <A @@ -109,9 +70,7 @@ TARGET="_top" >http://www.fsf.org/licenses/gpl.txt</A ></P ><P -></P -></DIV -><HR></DIV +>Cheers, jerry</P ><DIV CLASS="TOC" ><DL @@ -128,86 +87,130 @@ HREF="introduction.html" ><DL ><DT >1. <A -HREF="introsmb.html" ->Introduction to Samba</A +HREF="install.html" +>How to Install and Test SAMBA</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >1.1. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN61" ->Background</A +HREF="install.html#AEN26" +>Read the man pages</A ></DT ><DT >1.2. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN67" ->Terminology</A +HREF="install.html#AEN36" +>Building the Binaries</A ></DT ><DT >1.3. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN91" ->Related Projects</A +HREF="install.html#AEN64" +>The all important step</A ></DT ><DT >1.4. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN100" ->SMB Methodology</A +HREF="install.html#AEN68" +>Create the smb configuration file.</A ></DT ><DT >1.5. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN115" ->Additional Resources</A +HREF="install.html#AEN82" +>Test your config file with + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +></A ></DT ><DT >1.6. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN151" ->Epilogue</A +HREF="install.html#AEN90" +>Starting the smbd and nmbd</A ></DT ><DT >1.7. <A -HREF="introsmb.html#AEN162" ->Miscellaneous</A +HREF="install.html#AEN145" +>Try listing the shares available on your + server</A +></DT +><DT +>1.8. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN154" +>Try connecting with the unix client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.9. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN170" +>Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, + Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</A +></DT +><DT +>1.10. <A +HREF="install.html#AEN184" +>What If Things Don't Work?</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >2. <A -HREF="install.html" ->How to Install and Test SAMBA</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html" +>Improved browsing in samba</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >2.1. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN187" ->Obtaining and installing samba</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN229" +>Overview of browsing</A ></DT ><DT >2.2. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN193" ->Configuring samba</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN233" +>Browsing support in samba</A ></DT ><DT >2.3. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN229" ->Try listing the shares available on your - server</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN242" +>Problem resolution</A ></DT ><DT >2.4. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN238" ->Try connecting with the unix client</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN249" +>Browsing across subnets</A ></DT ><DT >2.5. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN259" ->Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, - Win2k, OS/2, etc... client</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN289" +>Setting up a WINS server</A ></DT ><DT >2.6. <A -HREF="install.html#AEN272" ->What If Things Don't Work?</A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN308" +>Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A +></DT +><DT +>2.7. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN326" +>Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A +></DT +><DT +>2.8. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN336" +>Forcing samba to be the master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.9. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN345" +>Making samba the domain master</A +></DT +><DT +>2.10. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN363" +>Note about broadcast addresses</A +></DT +><DT +>2.11. <A +HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN366" +>Multiple interfaces</A ></DT ></DL ></DD @@ -220,95 +223,58 @@ HREF="browsing-quick.html" ><DL ><DT >3.1. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN305" +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN377" >Discussion</A ></DT ><DT >3.2. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN326" ->How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and -dependable browsing using Samba</A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN385" +>Use of the "Remote Announce" parameter</A ></DT ><DT >3.3. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN340" ->Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Announce</B -> parameter</A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN399" +>Use of the "Remote Browse Sync" parameter</A ></DT ><DT >3.4. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN363" ->Use of the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->Remote Browse Sync</B -> parameter</A -></DT -><DT ->3.5. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN374" +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN404" >Use of WINS</A ></DT ><DT ->3.6. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN400" +>3.5. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN415" >Do NOT use more than one (1) protocol on MS Windows machines</A ></DT ><DT ->3.7. <A -HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN408" +>3.6. <A +HREF="browsing-quick.html#AEN421" >Name Resolution Order</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >4. <A -HREF="passdb.html" ->User information database</A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >4.1. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN468" +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN457" >Introduction</A ></DT ><DT >4.2. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN475" +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN462" >Important Notes About Security</A ></DT ><DT >4.3. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN513" +HREF="pwencrypt.html#AEN497" >The smbpasswd Command</A ></DT -><DT ->4.4. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN544" ->Plain text</A -></DT -><DT ->4.5. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN549" ->TDB</A -></DT -><DT ->4.6. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN552" ->LDAP</A -></DT -><DT ->4.7. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN765" ->MySQL</A -></DT -><DT ->4.8. <A -HREF="passdb.html#AEN807" ->XML</A -></DT ></DL ></DD ></DL @@ -322,191 +288,221 @@ HREF="type.html" ><DL ><DT >5. <A -HREF="servertype.html" ->Nomenclature of Server Types</A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +>User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</A +></DT +><DT +>6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->5.1. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN846" ->Stand Alone Server</A +>6.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN575" +>Prerequisite Reading</A ></DT ><DT ->5.2. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN853" ->Domain Member Server</A +>6.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN581" +>Background</A ></DT ><DT ->5.3. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN859" ->Domain Controller</A +>6.3. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN620" +>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</A ></DT -></DL -></DD ><DT ->6. <A -HREF="securitylevels.html" ->Samba as Stand-Alone Server</A +>6.4. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN663" +>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the +Domain</A ></DT -><DD -><DL ><DT ->6.1. <A -HREF="securitylevels.html#AEN896" ->User and Share security level</A +>6.5. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN747" +>Common Problems and Errors</A +></DT +><DT +>6.6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN795" +>System Policies and Profiles</A +></DT +><DT +>6.7. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN839" +>What other help can I get?</A +></DT +><DT +>6.8. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN953" +>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</A +></DT +><DT +>6.9. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1091" +>DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control & Samba</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >7. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html" ->Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller</A +HREF="samba-bdc.html" +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >7.1. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1009" +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1127" >Prerequisite Reading</A ></DT ><DT >7.2. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1013" +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1131" >Background</A ></DT ><DT >7.3. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1053" ->Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1139" +>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</A ></DT ><DT >7.4. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1095" ->Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1148" +>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller?</A ></DT ><DT >7.5. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1211" ->Common Problems and Errors</A -></DT -><DT ->7.6. <A -HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1240" ->Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1152" +>How do I set up a Samba BDC?</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >8. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html" ->Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control</A +HREF="ads.html" +>Samba as a ADS domain member</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >8.1. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1293" ->Prerequisite Reading</A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1187" +>Installing the required packages for Debian</A ></DT ><DT >8.2. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1297" ->Background</A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1193" +>Installing the required packages for RedHat</A ></DT ><DT >8.3. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1305" ->What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1202" +>Compile Samba</A ></DT ><DT >8.4. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1314" ->Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1217" +>Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</A ></DT ><DT >8.5. <A -HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1319" ->How do I set up a Samba BDC?</A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1227" +>Create the computer account</A +></DT +><DT +>8.6. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1243" +>Test your server setup</A +></DT +><DT +>8.7. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1248" +>Testing with smbclient</A +></DT +><DT +>8.8. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1251" +>Notes</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >9. <A -HREF="ads.html" ->Samba as a ADS domain member</A +HREF="domain-security.html" +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >9.1. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1363" ->Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -></A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1273" +>Joining an NT Domain with Samba 2.2</A ></DT ><DT >9.2. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1376" ->Setup your <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->/etc/krb5.conf</TT -></A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1337" +>Samba and Windows 2000 Domains</A ></DT ><DT >9.3. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-CREATE-MACHINE-ACCOUNT" ->Create the computer account</A -></DT -><DT ->9.4. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SERVER" ->Test your server setup</A -></DT -><DT ->9.5. <A -HREF="ads.html#ADS-TEST-SMBCLIENT" ->Testing with <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->smbclient</SPAN -></A -></DT -><DT ->9.6. <A -HREF="ads.html#AEN1424" ->Notes</A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1342" +>Why is this better than security = server?</A ></DT ></DL ></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>III. <A +HREF="optional.html" +>Optional configuration</A +></DT +><DD +><DL ><DT >10. <A -HREF="domain-member.html" ->Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >10.1. <A -HREF="domain-member.html#AEN1447" ->Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1374" +>Agenda</A ></DT ><DT >10.2. <A -HREF="domain-member.html#AEN1501" ->Why is this better than security = server?</A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1396" +>Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</A ></DT -></DL -></DD -></DL -></DD ><DT ->III. <A -HREF="optional.html" ->Advanced Configuration</A +>10.3. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1459" +>Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</A +></DT +><DT +>10.4. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1504" +>How browsing functions and how to deploy stable and +dependable browsing using Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>10.5. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1514" +>MS Windows security options and how to configure +Samba for seemless integration</A ></DT -><DD -><DL +><DT +>10.6. <A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN1584" +>Conclusions</A +></DT +></DL +></DD ><DT >11. <A HREF="unix-permissions.html" @@ -516,39 +512,39 @@ HREF="unix-permissions.html" ><DL ><DT >11.1. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1533" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1605" >Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT security dialogs</A ></DT ><DT >11.2. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1539" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1614" >How to view file security on a Samba share</A ></DT ><DT >11.3. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1550" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1625" >Viewing file ownership</A ></DT ><DT >11.4. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1570" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1645" >Viewing file or directory permissions</A ></DT ><DT >11.5. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1606" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1681" >Modifying file or directory permissions</A ></DT ><DT >11.6. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1628" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1703" >Interaction with the standard Samba create mask parameters</A ></DT ><DT >11.7. <A -HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1681" +HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1767" >Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute mapping</A ></DT @@ -556,108 +552,69 @@ HREF="unix-permissions.html#AEN1681" ></DD ><DT >12. <A -HREF="groupmapping.html" ->Configuring Group Mapping</A -></DT -><DT ->13. <A -HREF="printing.html" ->Printing Support</A +HREF="pam.html" +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->13.1. <A -HREF="printing.html#AEN1744" ->Introduction</A +>12.1. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1788" +>Samba and PAM</A ></DT ><DT ->13.2. <A -HREF="printing.html#AEN1766" ->Configuration</A +>12.2. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1832" +>Distributed Authentication</A ></DT ><DT ->13.3. <A -HREF="printing.html#AEN1878" ->The Imprints Toolset</A +>12.3. <A +HREF="pam.html#AEN1839" +>PAM Configuration in smb.conf</A ></DT +></DL +></DD ><DT ->13.4. <A -HREF="printing.html#AEN1921" ->Diagnosis</A +>13. <A +HREF="msdfs.html" +>Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>13.1. <A +HREF="msdfs.html#AEN1859" +>Instructions</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >14. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html" ->CUPS Printing Support</A +HREF="printing.html" +>Printing Support</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >14.1. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2034" +HREF="printing.html#AEN1920" >Introduction</A ></DT ><DT >14.2. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2041" ->Configuring <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> for CUPS</A +HREF="printing.html#AEN1942" +>Configuration</A ></DT ><DT >14.3. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2061" ->CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2050" +>The Imprints Toolset</A ></DT ><DT >14.4. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2118" ->CUPS as a network PostScript RIP -- CUPS drivers working on server, Adobe -PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs downloaded to clients</A -></DT -><DT ->14.5. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2139" ->Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</A -></DT -><DT ->14.6. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2143" ->Setting up CUPS for driver download</A -></DT -><DT ->14.7. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2156" ->Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</A -></DT -><DT ->14.8. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2212" ->The CUPS Filter Chains</A -></DT -><DT ->14.9. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2251" ->CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</A -></DT -><DT ->14.10. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2328" ->Limiting the number of pages users can print</A -></DT -><DT ->14.11. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2424" ->Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</A -></DT -><DT ->14.12. <A -HREF="cups-printing.html#AEN2439" ->Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</A +HREF="printing.html#AEN2093" +>Diagnosis</A ></DT ></DL ></DD @@ -670,352 +627,252 @@ HREF="winbind.html" ><DL ><DT >15.1. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2515" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2225" >Abstract</A ></DT ><DT >15.2. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2519" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2229" >Introduction</A ></DT ><DT >15.3. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2532" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2242" >What Winbind Provides</A ></DT ><DT >15.4. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2543" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2253" >How Winbind Works</A ></DT ><DT >15.5. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2586" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2293" >Installation and Configuration</A ></DT ><DT >15.6. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2843" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2542" >Limitations</A ></DT ><DT >15.7. <A -HREF="winbind.html#AEN2853" +HREF="winbind.html#AEN2552" >Conclusion</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >16. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html" ->Advanced Network Manangement</A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +>Passdb MySQL plugin</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >16.1. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2869" ->Configuring Samba Share Access Controls</A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2566" +>Building</A ></DT ><DT >16.2. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2907" ->Remote Server Administration</A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2572" +>Configuring</A ></DT ><DT >16.3. <A -HREF="advancednetworkmanagement.html#AEN2924" ->Network Logon Script Magic</A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2589" +>Using plaintext passwords or encrypted password</A +></DT +><DT +>16.4. <A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html#AEN2594" +>Getting non-column data from the table</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >17. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html" ->System and Account Policies</A +HREF="pdb-xml.html" +>Passdb XML plugin</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >17.1. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN2958" ->Creating and Managing System Policies</A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2613" +>Building</A ></DT ><DT >17.2. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3030" ->Managing Account/User Policies</A -></DT -><DT ->17.3. <A -HREF="policymgmt.html#AEN3052" ->System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</A +HREF="pdb-xml.html#AEN2619" +>Usage</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >18. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html" ->Desktop Profile Management</A +HREF="vfs.html" +>Stackable VFS modules</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >18.1. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3095" ->Roaming Profiles</A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2640" +>Introduction and configuration</A ></DT ><DT >18.2. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3302" ->Mandatory profiles</A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2649" +>Included modules</A ></DT ><DT >18.3. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3309" ->Creating/Managing Group Profiles</A -></DT -><DT ->18.4. <A -HREF="profilemgmt.html#AEN3315" ->Default Profile for Windows Users</A +HREF="vfs.html#AEN2703" +>VFS modules available elsewhere</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT >19. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html" ->Interdomain Trust Relationships</A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT >19.1. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3446" ->Trust Relationship Background</A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2737" +>Purpose</A ></DT ><DT >19.2. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3455" ->Native MS Windows NT4 Trusts Configuration</A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2757" +>Introduction</A ></DT ><DT >19.3. <A -HREF="interdomaintrusts.html#AEN3464" ->Configuring Samba NT-style Domain Trusts</A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2786" +>Supported LDAP Servers</A ></DT -></DL -></DD ><DT ->20. <A -HREF="pam.html" ->PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</A +>19.4. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2791" +>Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</A ></DT -><DD -><DL ><DT ->20.1. <A -HREF="pam.html#AEN3507" ->Samba and PAM</A +>19.5. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2803" +>Configuring Samba with LDAP</A ></DT ><DT ->20.2. <A -HREF="pam.html#AEN3558" ->Distributed Authentication</A +>19.6. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2850" +>Accounts and Groups management</A ></DT ><DT ->20.3. <A -HREF="pam.html#AEN3563" ->PAM Configuration in smb.conf</A +>19.7. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2855" +>Security and sambaAccount</A ></DT -></DL -></DD ><DT ->21. <A -HREF="vfs.html" ->Stackable VFS modules</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->21.1. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3600" ->Introduction and configuration</A +>19.8. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2875" +>LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</A ></DT ><DT ->21.2. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3609" ->Included modules</A +>19.9. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2945" +>Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</A ></DT ><DT ->21.3. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3667" ->VFS modules available elsewhere</A +>19.10. <A +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html#AEN2953" +>Comments</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT ->22. <A -HREF="msdfs.html" ->Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->22.1. <A -HREF="msdfs.html#AEN3695" ->Instructions</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->23. <A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" ->Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</A +>20. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->23.1. <A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN3758" ->Name Resolution in a pure Unix/Linux world</A +>20.1. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2964" +>Introduction</A ></DT ><DT ->23.2. <A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html#AEN3821" ->Name resolution as used within MS Windows networking</A +>20.2. <A +HREF="cvs-access.html#AEN2969" +>CVS Access to samba.org</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT ->24. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html" ->Improved browsing in samba</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->24.1. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3874" ->Overview of browsing</A -></DT -><DT ->24.2. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3880" ->Browsing support in samba</A -></DT -><DT ->24.3. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3895" ->Problem resolution</A -></DT -><DT ->24.4. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3907" ->Browsing across subnets</A -></DT -><DT ->24.5. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3948" ->Setting up a WINS server</A -></DT -><DT ->24.6. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3971" ->Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A -></DT -><DT ->24.7. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3997" ->Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A -></DT -><DT ->24.8. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->Forcing samba to be the master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.9. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4032" ->Making samba the domain master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.10. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4054" ->Note about broadcast addresses</A -></DT -><DT ->24.11. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4057" ->Multiple interfaces</A +>21. <A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +>Group mapping HOWTO</A ></DT -></DL -></DD ><DT ->25. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html" ->Securing Samba</A +>22. <A +HREF="speed.html" +>Samba performance issues</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->25.1. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4073" ->Introduction</A -></DT -><DT ->25.2. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4076" ->Using host based protection</A +>22.1. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3055" +>Comparisons</A ></DT ><DT ->25.3. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4086" ->Using interface protection</A +>22.2. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3061" +>Socket options</A ></DT ><DT ->25.4. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4094" ->Using a firewall</A +>22.3. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3068" +>Read size</A ></DT ><DT ->25.5. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4101" ->Using a IPC$ share deny</A +>22.4. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3073" +>Max xmit</A ></DT ><DT ->25.6. <A -HREF="securing-samba.html#AEN4110" ->Upgrading Samba</A +>22.5. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3078" +>Log level</A ></DT -></DL -></DD ><DT ->26. <A -HREF="unicode.html" ->Unicode/Charsets</A +>22.6. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3081" +>Read raw</A ></DT -><DD -><DL ><DT ->26.1. <A -HREF="unicode.html#AEN4132" ->What are charsets and unicode?</A +>22.7. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3086" +>Write raw</A ></DT ><DT ->26.2. <A -HREF="unicode.html#AEN4141" ->Samba and charsets</A +>22.8. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3090" +>Slow Clients</A ></DT ><DT ->26.3. <A -HREF="unicode.html#AEN4160" ->Conversion from old names</A +>22.9. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3094" +>Slow Logins</A ></DT ><DT ->26.4. <A -HREF="unicode.html#AEN4168" ->Japanese charsets</A +>22.10. <A +HREF="speed.html#AEN3097" +>Client tuning</A ></DT ></DL ></DD @@ -1029,311 +886,136 @@ HREF="appendixes.html" ><DD ><DL ><DT ->27. <A -HREF="compiling.html" ->How to compile SAMBA</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->27.1. <A -HREF="compiling.html#AEN4204" ->Access Samba source code via CVS</A -></DT -><DT ->27.2. <A -HREF="compiling.html#AEN4247" ->Accessing the samba sources via rsync and ftp</A -></DT -><DT ->27.3. <A -HREF="compiling.html#AEN4253" ->Verifying Samba's PGP signature</A -></DT -><DT ->27.4. <A -HREF="compiling.html#AEN4265" ->Building the Binaries</A -></DT -><DT ->27.5. <A -HREF="compiling.html#AEN4322" ->Starting the smbd and nmbd</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->28. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html" ->Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->28.1. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4396" ->Planning and Getting Started</A -></DT -><DT ->28.2. <A -HREF="nt4migration.html#AEN4429" ->Managing Samba-3 Domain Control</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->29. <A +>23. <A HREF="portability.html" >Portability</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->29.1. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4444" +>23.1. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3139" >HPUX</A ></DT ><DT ->29.2. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4450" +>23.2. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3145" >SCO Unix</A ></DT ><DT ->29.3. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4454" +>23.3. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3149" >DNIX</A ></DT ><DT ->29.4. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4483" +>23.4. <A +HREF="portability.html#AEN3178" >RedHat Linux Rembrandt-II</A ></DT -><DT ->29.5. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4489" ->AIX</A -></DT -><DT ->29.6. <A -HREF="portability.html#AEN4495" ->Solaris</A -></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT ->30. <A +>24. <A HREF="other-clients.html" >Samba and other CIFS clients</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->30.1. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4522" +>24.1. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3199" >Macintosh clients?</A ></DT ><DT ->30.2. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4531" +>24.2. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3208" >OS2 Client</A ></DT ><DT ->30.3. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4571" +>24.3. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3248" >Windows for Workgroups</A ></DT ><DT ->30.4. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4595" +>24.4. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3269" >Windows '95/'98</A ></DT ><DT ->30.5. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4611" +>24.5. <A +HREF="other-clients.html#AEN3285" >Windows 2000 Service Pack 2</A ></DT -><DT ->30.6. <A -HREF="other-clients.html#AEN4628" ->Windows NT 3.1</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->31. <A -HREF="swat.html" ->SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->31.1. <A -HREF="swat.html#AEN4645" ->SWAT Features and Benefits</A -></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT ->32. <A -HREF="speed.html" ->Samba performance issues</A +>25. <A +HREF="bugreport.html" +>Reporting Bugs</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->32.1. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4687" ->Comparisons</A -></DT -><DT ->32.2. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4693" ->Socket options</A -></DT -><DT ->32.3. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4700" ->Read size</A -></DT -><DT ->32.4. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4705" ->Max xmit</A -></DT -><DT ->32.5. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4710" ->Log level</A +>25.1. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3309" +>Introduction</A ></DT ><DT ->32.6. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4713" ->Read raw</A +>25.2. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3319" +>General info</A ></DT ><DT ->32.7. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4718" ->Write raw</A +>25.3. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3325" +>Debug levels</A ></DT ><DT ->32.8. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4722" ->Slow Clients</A +>25.4. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3342" +>Internal errors</A ></DT ><DT ->32.9. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4726" ->Slow Logins</A +>25.5. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3352" +>Attaching to a running process</A ></DT ><DT ->32.10. <A -HREF="speed.html#AEN4729" ->Client tuning</A +>25.6. <A +HREF="bugreport.html#AEN3355" +>Patches</A ></DT ></DL ></DD ><DT ->33. <A +>26. <A HREF="diagnosis.html" ->The samba checklist</A +>Diagnosing your samba server</A ></DT ><DD ><DL ><DT ->33.1. <A -HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN4781" +>26.1. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3378" >Introduction</A ></DT ><DT ->33.2. <A -HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN4786" +>26.2. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3383" >Assumptions</A ></DT ><DT ->33.3. <A -HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN4805" ->The tests</A +>26.3. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3393" +>Tests</A ></DT ><DT ->33.4. <A -HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN4972" +>26.4. <A +HREF="diagnosis.html#AEN3503" >Still having troubles?</A ></DT ></DL ></DD -><DT ->34. <A -HREF="problems.html" ->Analysing and solving samba problems</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->34.1. <A -HREF="problems.html#AEN5004" ->Diagnostics tools</A -></DT -><DT ->34.2. <A -HREF="problems.html#AEN5019" ->Installing 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation or a Windows 9x box</A -></DT -><DT ->34.3. <A -HREF="problems.html#AEN5048" ->Useful URL's</A -></DT -><DT ->34.4. <A -HREF="problems.html#AEN5072" ->Getting help from the mailing lists</A -></DT -><DT ->34.5. <A -HREF="problems.html#AEN5102" ->How to get off the mailinglists</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->35. <A -HREF="bugreport.html" ->Reporting Bugs</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->35.1. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5125" ->Introduction</A -></DT -><DT ->35.2. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5135" ->General info</A -></DT -><DT ->35.3. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5141" ->Debug levels</A -></DT -><DT ->35.4. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5162" ->Internal errors</A -></DT -><DT ->35.5. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5176" ->Attaching to a running process</A -></DT -><DT ->35.6. <A -HREF="bugreport.html#AEN5184" ->Patches</A -></DT -></DL -></DD ></DL ></DD ></DL diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/samba-ldap-howto.html b/docs/htmldocs/samba-ldap-howto.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..884bb756c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/samba-ldap-howto.html @@ -0,0 +1,986 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Stackable VFS modules" +HREF="vfs.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS" +HREF="cvs-access.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="vfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SAMBA-LDAP-HOWTO">Chapter 19. Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2737">19.1. Purpose</H1 +><P +>This document describes how to use an LDAP directory for storing Samba user +account information traditionally stored in the smbpasswd(5) file. It is +assumed that the reader already has a basic understanding of LDAP concepts +and has a working directory server already installed. For more information +on LDAP architectures and Directories, please refer to the following sites.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>OpenLDAP - <A +HREF="http://www.openldap.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.openldap.org/</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +>iPlanet Directory Server - <A +HREF="http://iplanet.netscape.com/directory" +TARGET="_top" +>http://iplanet.netscape.com/directory</A +></P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Note that <A +HREF="http://www.ora.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>O'Reilly Publishing</A +> is working on +a guide to LDAP for System Administrators which has a planned release date of +early summer, 2002.</P +><P +>Two additional Samba resources which may prove to be helpful are</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The <A +HREF="http://www.unav.es/cti/ldap-smb/ldap-smb-3-howto.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba-PDC-LDAP-HOWTO</A +> + maintained by Ignacio Coupeau.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The NT migration scripts from <A +HREF="http://samba.idealx.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>IDEALX</A +> that are + geared to manage users and group in such a Samba-LDAP Domain Controller configuration. + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2757">19.2. Introduction</H1 +><P +>Traditionally, when configuring <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +TARGET="_top" +>"encrypt +passwords = yes"</A +> in Samba's <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file, user account +information such as username, LM/NT password hashes, password change times, and account +flags have been stored in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd(5)</TT +> file. There are several +disadvantages to this approach for sites with very large numbers of users (counted +in the thousands).</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The first is that all lookups must be performed sequentially. Given that +there are approximately two lookups per domain logon (one for a normal +session connection such as when mapping a network drive or printer), this +is a performance bottleneck for lareg sites. What is needed is an indexed approach +such as is used in databases.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The second problem is that administrators who desired to replicate a +smbpasswd file to more than one Samba server were left to use external +tools such as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rsync(1)</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ssh(1)</B +> +and wrote custom, in-house scripts.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>And finally, the amount of information which is stored in an +smbpasswd entry leaves no room for additional attributes such as +a home directory, password expiration time, or even a Relative +Identified (RID).</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>As a result of these defeciencies, a more robust means of storing user attributes +used by smbd was developed. The API which defines access to user accounts +is commonly referred to as the samdb interface (previously this was called the passdb +API, and is still so named in the CVS trees). In Samba 2.2.3, enabling support +for a samdb backend (e.g. <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-ldapsam</I +></TT +> or +<TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-tdbsam</I +></TT +>) requires compile time support.</P +><P +>When compiling Samba to include the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-ldapsam</I +></TT +> autoconf +option, smbd (and associated tools) will store and lookup user accounts in +an LDAP directory. In reality, this is very easy to understand. If you are +comfortable with using an smbpasswd file, simply replace "smbpasswd" with +"LDAP directory" in all the documentation.</P +><P +>There are a few points to stress about what the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-ldapsam</I +></TT +> +does not provide. The LDAP support referred to in the this documentation does not +include:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>A means of retrieving user account information from + an Windows 2000 Active Directory server.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>A means of replacing /etc/passwd.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The second item can be accomplished by using LDAP NSS and PAM modules. LGPL +versions of these libraries can be obtained from PADL Software +(<A +HREF="http://www.padl.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.padl.com/</A +>). However, +the details of configuring these packages are beyond the scope of this document.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2786">19.3. Supported LDAP Servers</H1 +><P +>The LDAP samdb code in 2.2.3 has been developed and tested using the OpenLDAP +2.0 server and client libraries. The same code should be able to work with +Netscape's Directory Server and client SDK. However, due to lack of testing +so far, there are bound to be compile errors and bugs. These should not be +hard to fix. If you are so inclined, please be sure to forward all patches to +<A +HREF="samba-patches@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>samba-patches@samba.org</A +> and +<A +HREF="jerry@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>jerry@samba.org</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2791">19.4. Schema and Relationship to the RFC 2307 posixAccount</H1 +><P +>Samba 2.2.3 includes the necessary schema file for OpenLDAP 2.0 in +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>examples/LDAP/samba.schema</TT +>. (Note that this schema +file has been modified since the experimental support initially included +in 2.2.2). The sambaAccount objectclass is given here:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>objectclass ( 1.3.1.5.1.4.1.7165.2.2.2 NAME 'sambaAccount' SUP top STRUCTURAL + DESC 'Samba Account' + MUST ( uid $ rid ) + MAY ( cn $ lmPassword $ ntPassword $ pwdLastSet $ logonTime $ + logoffTime $ kickoffTime $ pwdCanChange $ pwdMustChange $ acctFlags $ + displayName $ smbHome $ homeDrive $ scriptPath $ profilePath $ + description $ userWorkstations $ primaryGroupID $ domain ))</PRE +></P +><P +>The samba.schema file has been formatted for OpenLDAP 2.0. The OID's are +owned by the Samba Team and as such is legal to be openly published. +If you translate the schema to be used with Netscape DS, please +submit the modified schema file as a patch to <A +HREF="jerry@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>jerry@samba.org</A +></P +><P +>Just as the smbpasswd file is mean to store information which supplements a +user's <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entry, so is the sambaAccount object +meant to supplement the UNIX user account information. A sambaAccount is a +<TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>STRUCTURAL</TT +> objectclass so it can be stored individually +in the directory. However, there are several fields (e.g. uid) which overlap +with the posixAccount objectclass outlined in RFC2307. This is by design.</P +><P +>In order to store all user account information (UNIX and Samba) in the directory, +it is necessary to use the sambaAccount and posixAccount objectclasses in +combination. However, smbd will still obtain the user's UNIX account +information via the standard C library calls (e.g. getpwnam(), et. al.). +This means that the Samba server must also have the LDAP NSS library installed +and functioning correctly. This division of information makes it possible to +store all Samba account information in LDAP, but still maintain UNIX account +information in NIS while the network is transitioning to a full LDAP infrastructure.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2803">19.5. Configuring Samba with LDAP</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2805">19.5.1. OpenLDAP configuration</H2 +><P +>To include support for the sambaAccount object in an OpenLDAP directory +server, first copy the samba.schema file to slapd's configuration directory.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cp samba.schema /etc/openldap/schema/</B +></P +><P +>Next, include the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>samba.schema</TT +> file in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>slapd.conf</TT +>. +The sambaAccount object contains two attributes which depend upon other schema +files. The 'uid' attribute is defined in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>cosine.schema</TT +> and +the 'displayName' attribute is defined in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>inetorgperson.schema</TT +> +file. Both of these must be included before the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>samba.schema</TT +> file.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>## /etc/openldap/slapd.conf + +## schema files (core.schema is required by default) +include /etc/openldap/schema/core.schema + +## needed for sambaAccount +include /etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema +include /etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema +include /etc/openldap/schema/samba.schema + +## uncomment this line if you want to support the RFC2307 (NIS) schema +## include /etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema + +....</PRE +></P +><P +>It is recommended that you maintain some indices on some of the most usefull attributes, +like in the following example, to speed up searches made on sambaAccount objectclasses +(and possibly posixAccount and posixGroup as well).</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +># Indices to maintain +## required by OpenLDAP 2.0 +index objectclass eq + +## support pb_getsampwnam() +index uid pres,eq +## support pdb_getsambapwrid() +index rid eq + +## uncomment these if you are storing posixAccount and +## posixGroup entries in the directory as well +##index uidNumber eq +##index gidNumber eq +##index cn eq +##index memberUid eq</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2822">19.5.2. Configuring Samba</H2 +><P +>The following parameters are available in smb.conf only with <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-ldapsam</I +></TT +> +was included with compiling Samba.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPSSL" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap ssl</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPSERVER" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap server</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap admin dn</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPSUFFIX" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap suffix</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPFILTER" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap filter</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPPORT" +TARGET="_top" +>ldap port</A +></P +></LI +></UL +><P +>These are described in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +> man +page and so will not be repeated here. However, a sample smb.conf file for +use with an LDAP directory could appear as</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>## /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf +[global] + security = user + encrypt passwords = yes + + netbios name = TASHTEGO + workgroup = NARNIA + + # ldap related parameters + + # define the DN to use when binding to the directory servers + # The password for this DN is not stored in smb.conf. Rather it + # must be set by using 'smbpasswd -w <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>secretpw</I +></TT +>' to store the + # passphrase in the secrets.tdb file. If the "ldap admin dn" values + # changes, this password will need to be reset. + ldap admin dn = "cn=Samba Manager,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org" + + # specify the LDAP server's hostname (defaults to locahost) + ldap server = ahab.samba.org + + # Define the SSL option when connecting to the directory + # ('off', 'start tls', or 'on' (default)) + ldap ssl = start tls + + # define the port to use in the LDAP session (defaults to 636 when + # "ldap ssl = on") + ldap port = 389 + + # specify the base DN to use when searching the directory + ldap suffix = "ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org" + + # generally the default ldap search filter is ok + # ldap filter = "(&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaAccount))"</PRE +></P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2850">19.6. Accounts and Groups management</H1 +><P +>As users accounts are managed thru the sambaAccount objectclass, you should +modify you existing administration tools to deal with sambaAccount attributes.</P +><P +>Machines accounts are managed with the sambaAccount objectclass, just +like users accounts. However, it's up to you to stored thoses accounts +in a different tree of you LDAP namespace: you should use +"ou=Groups,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store groups and +"ou=People,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" to store users. Just configure your +NSS and PAM accordingly (usually, in the /etc/ldap.conf configuration +file).</P +><P +>In Samba release 2.2.3, the group management system is based on posix +groups. This meand that Samba make usage of the posixGroup objectclass. +For now, there is no NT-like group system management (global and local +groups).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2855">19.7. Security and sambaAccount</H1 +><P +>There are two important points to remember when discussing the security +of sambaAccount entries in the directory.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Never</I +></SPAN +> retrieve the lmPassword or + ntPassword attribute values over an unencrypted LDAP session.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Never</I +></SPAN +> allow non-admin users to + view the lmPassword or ntPassword attribute values.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>These password hashes are clear text equivalents and can be used to impersonate +the user without deriving the original clear text strings. For more information +on the details of LM/NT password hashes, refer to the <A +HREF="ENCRYPTION.html" +TARGET="_top" +>ENCRYPTION chapter</A +> of the Samba-HOWTO-Collection.</P +><P +>To remedy the first security issue, the "ldap ssl" smb.conf parameter defaults +to require an encrypted session (<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap ssl = on</B +>) using +the default port of 636 +when contacting the directory server. When using an OpenLDAP 2.0 server, it +is possible to use the use the StartTLS LDAP extended operation in the place of +LDAPS. In either case, you are strongly discouraged to disable this security +(<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap ssl = off</B +>).</P +><P +>Note that the LDAPS protocol is deprecated in favor of the LDAPv3 StartTLS +extended operation. However, the OpenLDAP library still provides support for +the older method of securing communication between clients and servers.</P +><P +>The second security precaution is to prevent non-administrative users from +harvesting password hashes from the directory. This can be done using the +following ACL in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>slapd.conf</TT +>:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>## allow the "ldap admin dn" access, but deny everyone else +access to attrs=lmPassword,ntPassword + by dn="cn=Samba Admin,ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org" write + by * none</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2875">19.8. LDAP specials attributes for sambaAccounts</H1 +><P +>The sambaAccount objectclass is composed of the following attributes:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmPassword</TT +>: the LANMAN password 16-byte hash stored as a character + representation of a hexidecimal string.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>ntPassword</TT +>: the NT password hash 16-byte stored as a character + representation of a hexidecimal string.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>pwdLastSet</TT +>: The integer time in seconds since 1970 when the + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmPassword</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>ntPassword</TT +> attributes were last set. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>acctFlags</TT +>: string of 11 characters surrounded by square brackets [] + representing account flags such as U (user), W(workstation), X(no password expiration), and + D(disabled).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>logonTime</TT +>: Integer value currently unused</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>logoffTime</TT +>: Integer value currently unused</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>kickoffTime</TT +>: Integer value currently unused</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>pwdCanChange</TT +>: Integer value currently unused</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>pwdMustChange</TT +>: Integer value currently unused</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>homeDrive</TT +>: specifies the drive letter to which to map the + UNC path specified by homeDirectory. The drive letter must be specified in the form "X:" + where X is the letter of the drive to map. Refer to the "logon drive" parameter in the + smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>scriptPath</TT +>: The scriptPath property specifies the path of + the user's logon script, .CMD, .EXE, or .BAT file. The string can be null. The path + is relative to the netlogon share. Refer to the "logon script" parameter in the + smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>profilePath</TT +>: specifies a path to the user's profile. + This value can be a null string, a local absolute path, or a UNC path. Refer to the + "logon path" parameter in the smb.conf(5) man page for more information.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>smbHome</TT +>: The homeDirectory property specifies the path of + the home directory for the user. The string can be null. If homeDrive is set and specifies + a drive letter, homeDirectory should be a UNC path. The path must be a network + UNC path of the form \\server\share\directory. This value can be a null string. + Refer to the "logon home" parameter in the smb.conf(5) man page for more information. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>userWorkstation</TT +>: character string value currently unused. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>rid</TT +>: the integer representation of the user's relative identifier + (RID).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>primaryGroupID</TT +>: the relative identifier (RID) of the primary group + of the user.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The majority of these parameters are only used when Samba is acting as a PDC of +a domain (refer to the <A +HREF="Samba-PDC-HOWTO.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba-PDC-HOWTO</A +> for details on +how to configure Samba as a Primary Domain Controller). The following four attributes +are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if the values are non-default values:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>smbHome</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>scriptPath</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>logonPath</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>homeDrive</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>These attributes are only stored with the sambaAccount entry if +the values are non-default values. For example, assume TASHTEGO has now been +configured as a PDC and that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon home = \\%L\%u</B +> was defined in +its <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. When a user named "becky" logons to the domain, +the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +> string is expanded to \\TASHTEGO\becky. +If the smbHome attribute exists in the entry "uid=becky,ou=people,dc=samba,dc=org", +this value is used. However, if this attribute does not exist, then the value +of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +> parameter is used in its place. Samba +will only write the attribute value to the directory entry is the value is +something other than the default (e.g. \\MOBY\becky).</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2945">19.9. Example LDIF Entries for a sambaAccount</H1 +><P +>The following is a working LDIF with the inclusion of the posixAccount objectclass:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>dn: uid=guest2, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org +ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7 +pwdMustChange: 2147483647 +primaryGroupID: 1201 +lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE +pwdLastSet: 1010179124 +logonTime: 0 +objectClass: sambaAccount +uid: guest2 +kickoffTime: 2147483647 +acctFlags: [UX ] +logoffTime: 2147483647 +rid: 19006 +pwdCanChange: 0</PRE +></P +><P +>The following is an LDIF entry for using both the sambaAccount and +posixAccount objectclasses:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>dn: uid=gcarter, ou=people,dc=plainjoe,dc=org +logonTime: 0 +displayName: Gerald Carter +lmPassword: 552902031BEDE9EFAAD3B435B51404EE +primaryGroupID: 1201 +objectClass: posixAccount +objectClass: sambaAccount +acctFlags: [UX ] +userPassword: {crypt}BpM2ej8Rkzogo +uid: gcarter +uidNumber: 9000 +cn: Gerald Carter +loginShell: /bin/bash +logoffTime: 2147483647 +gidNumber: 100 +kickoffTime: 2147483647 +pwdLastSet: 1010179230 +rid: 19000 +homeDirectory: /home/tashtego/gcarter +pwdCanChange: 0 +pwdMustChange: 2147483647 +ntPassword: 878D8014606CDA29677A44EFA1353FC7</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2953">19.10. Comments</H1 +><P +>Please mail all comments regarding this HOWTO to <A +HREF="mailto:jerry@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>jerry@samba.org</A +>. This documents was +last updated to reflect the Samba 2.2.3 release. </P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="vfs.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="cvs-access.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Stackable VFS modules</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>HOWTO Access Samba source code via CVS</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/samba-pdc.html b/docs/htmldocs/samba-pdc.html index 951dd2ea96..93bbc727d4 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/samba-pdc.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/samba-pdc.html @@ -1,498 +1,2606 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="type.html" title="Part II. Server Configuration Basics"><link rel="previous" href="securitylevels.html" title="Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server"><link rel="next" href="samba-bdc.html" title="Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="securitylevels.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part II. Server Configuration Basics</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="samba-bdc.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="samba-pdc"></a>Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Gerald (Jerry) Carter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jerry@samba.org">jerry@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">David Bannon</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:dbannon@samba.org">dbannon@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate"> (26 Apr 2001) </p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2807495">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2807518"> -Background -</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2877458">Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2877759">Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878028">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878262">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878318">Joining the Client to the Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878425">Common Problems and Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878432">I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878470">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878517">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878568">The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878617">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878642">Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878805">Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2807495"></a>Prerequisite Reading</h2></div></div><p> -Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Type of installation" +HREF="type.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)" +HREF="securitylevels.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain" +HREF="samba-bdc.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-bdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SAMBA-PDC">Chapter 6. How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN575">6.1. Prerequisite Reading</H1 +><P +>Before you continue reading in this chapter, please make sure that you are comfortable with configuring basic files services in smb.conf and how to enable and administer password encryption in Samba. Theses two topics are covered in the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> manpage. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2807518"></a> -Background -</h2></div></div><p> -This article outlines the steps necessary for configuring Samba as a PDC. -It is necessary to have a working Samba server prior to implementing the -PDC functionality. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Domain logons for Windows NT 4.0 / 200x / XP Professional clients. - </p></li><li><p> - Placing Windows 9x / Me clients in user level security - </p></li><li><p> - Retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to - Windows 9x / Me / NT / 200x / XP Professional clients - </p></li><li><p> - Roaming Profiles - </p></li><li><p> - Network/System Policies - </p></li></ul></div><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -Roaming Profiles and System/Network policies are advanced network administration topics -that are covered separately in this document. -</p></div><p> -The following functionalities are new to the Samba 3.0 release: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Windows NT 4 domain trusts - </p></li><li><p> - Adding users via the User Manager for Domains - </p></li></ul></div><p> -The following functionalities are NOT provided by Samba 3.0: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - SAM replication with Windows NT 4.0 Domain Controllers +<A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> +manpage and the <A +HREF="ENCRYPTION.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Encryption chapter</A +> +of this HOWTO Collection.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN581">6.2. Background</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Author's Note:</I +></SPAN +> This document is a combination +of David Bannon's "Samba 2.2 PDC HOWTO" and "Samba NT Domain FAQ". +Both documents are superseded by this one.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>Versions of Samba prior to release 2.2 had marginal capabilities to act +as a Windows NT 4.0 Primary Domain Controller + +(PDC). With Samba 2.2.0, we are proud to announce official support for +Windows NT 4.0-style domain logons from Windows NT 4.0 and Windows +2000 clients. This article outlines the steps +necessary for configuring Samba as a PDC. It is necessary to have a +working Samba server prior to implementing the PDC functionality. If +you have not followed the steps outlined in <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +> UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +>, please make sure +that your server is configured correctly before proceeding. Another +good resource in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5) man +page</A +>. The following functionality should work in 2.2:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> domain logons for Windows NT 4.0/2000 clients. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> placing a Windows 9x client in user level security + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> retrieving a list of users and groups from a Samba PDC to + Windows 9x/NT/2000 clients + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> roving (roaming) user profiles + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Windows NT 4.0-style system policies + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The following pieces of functionality are not included in the 2.2 release:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> Windows NT 4 domain trusts + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> SAM replication with Windows NT 4.0 Domain Controllers (i.e. a Samba PDC and a Windows NT BDC or vice versa) - </p></li><li><p> - Acting as a Windows 2000 Domain Controller (i.e. Kerberos and + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Adding users via the User Manager for Domains + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Acting as a Windows 2000 Domain Controller (i.e. Kerberos and Active Directory) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Please note that Windows 9x / Me / XP Home clients are not true members of a domain + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Please note that Windows 9x clients are not true members of a domain for reasons outlined in this article. Therefore the protocol for -support of Windows 9x-style domain logons is completely different -from NT4 / Win2k type domain logons and has been officially supported for some -time. -</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em> -MS Windows XP Home edition is NOT able to join a domain and does not permit -the use of domain logons.</em></span> -</p><p> -Implementing a Samba PDC can basically be divided into 3 broad -steps. -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - Configuring the Samba PDC - </p></li><li><p> - Creating machine trust accounts and joining clients to the domain - </p></li><li><p> - Adding and managing domain user accounts - </p></li></ol></div><p> -There are other minor details such as user profiles, system +support Windows 9x-style domain logons is completely different +from NT4 domain logons and has been officially supported for some +time.</P +><P +>Implementing a Samba PDC can basically be divided into 2 broad +steps.</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> Configuring the Samba PDC + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Creating machine trust accounts and joining clients + to the domain + </P +></LI +></OL +><P +>There are other minor details such as user profiles, system policies, etc... However, these are not necessarily specific to a Samba PDC as much as they are related to Windows NT networking -concepts. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877458"></a>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</h2></div></div><p> -The first step in creating a working Samba PDC is to -understand the parameters necessary in smb.conf. Here we -attempt to explain the parameters that are covered in -the <tt>smb.conf</tt> man page. -</p><p> -Here is an example <tt>smb.conf</tt> for acting as a PDC: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] +concepts. They will be mentioned only briefly here.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN620">6.3. Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</H1 +><P +>The first step in creating a working Samba PDC is to +understand the parameters necessary in smb.conf. I will not +attempt to re-explain the parameters here as they are more that +adequately covered in <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> the smb.conf +man page</A +>. For convenience, the parameters have been +linked with the actual smb.conf description.</P +><P +>Here is an example <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> for acting as a PDC:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] ; Basic server settings - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#NETBIOSNAME" target="_top">netbios name</a> = <i><tt>POGO</tt></i> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP" target="_top">workgroup</a> = <i><tt>NARNIA</tt></i> - - ; User and Machine Account Backends - ; Choices are: tdbsam, tdbsam_nua, smbpasswd, smbpasswd_nua, ldapsam, ldapsam_nua, ... - ; mysqlsam, xmlsam, guest - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSDBBACKEND" target="_top">passdb backend</a> = ldapsam, guest + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NETBIOSNAME" +TARGET="_top" +>netbios name</A +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>POGO</I +></TT +> + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP" +TARGET="_top" +>workgroup</A +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>NARNIA</I +></TT +> ; we should act as the domain and local master browser - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#OSLEVEL" target="_top">os level</a> = 64 - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PERFERREDMASTER" target="_top">preferred master</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINMASTER" target="_top">domain master</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER" target="_top">local master</a> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#OSLEVEL" +TARGET="_top" +>os level</A +> = 64 + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PERFERREDMASTER" +TARGET="_top" +>preferred master</A +> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINMASTER" +TARGET="_top" +>domain master</A +> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOCALMASTER" +TARGET="_top" +>local master</A +> = yes ; security settings (must user security = user) - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSUSER" target="_top">security</a> = user + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSUSER" +TARGET="_top" +>security</A +> = user ; encrypted passwords are a requirement for a PDC - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" target="_top">encrypt passwords</a> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +TARGET="_top" +>encrypt passwords</A +> = yes ; support domain logons - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINLOGONS" target="_top">domain logons</a> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINLOGONS" +TARGET="_top" +>domain logons</A +> = yes ; where to store user profiles? - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONPATH" target="_top">logon path</a> = \\%N\profiles\%u + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONPATH" +TARGET="_top" +>logon path</A +> = \\%N\profiles\%u - ; where is a user's home directory and where should it be mounted at? - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONDRIVE" target="_top">logon drive</a> = H: - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONHOME" target="_top">logon home</a> = \\homeserver\%u + ; where is a user's home directory and where should it + ; be mounted at? + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONDRIVE" +TARGET="_top" +>logon drive</A +> = H: + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONHOME" +TARGET="_top" +>logon home</A +> = \\homeserver\%u ; specify a generic logon script for all users ; this is a relative **DOS** path to the [netlogon] share - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONSCRIPT" target="_top">logon script</a> = logon.cmd + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LOGONSCRIPT" +TARGET="_top" +>logon script</A +> = logon.cmd ; necessary share for domain controller [netlogon] - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path</a> = /usr/local/samba/lib/netlogon - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" target="_top">read only</a> = yes - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" target="_top">write list</a> = <i><tt>ntadmin</tt></i> + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" +TARGET="_top" +>path</A +> = /usr/local/samba/lib/netlogon + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" +TARGET="_top" +>read only</A +> = yes + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WRITELIST" +TARGET="_top" +>write list</A +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>ntadmin</I +></TT +> ; share for storing user profiles [profiles] - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" target="_top">path</a> = /export/smb/ntprofile - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" target="_top">read only</a> = no - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" target="_top">create mask</a> = 0600 - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#DIRECTORYMASK" target="_top">directory mask</a> = 0700 -</pre><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The above parameters make for a full set of parameters that may define the server's mode -of operation. The following parameters are the essentials alone: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - workgroup = NARNIA - domain logons = Yes - security = User -</pre><p> - -The additional parameters shown in the longer listing above just makes for a -more complete environment. -</p></div><p> -There are a couple of points to emphasize in the above configuration. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - Encrypted passwords must be enabled. For more details on how - to do this, refer to <a href="passdb.html" title="Chapter 10. User information database">the User Database chapter</a>. - </p></li><li><p> - The server must support domain logons and a - <tt>[netlogon]</tt> share - </p></li><li><p> - The server must be the domain master browser in order for Windows + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PATH" +TARGET="_top" +>path</A +> = /export/smb/ntprofile + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#READONLY" +TARGET="_top" +>read only</A +> = no + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" +TARGET="_top" +>create mask</A +> = 0600 + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DIRECTORYMASK" +TARGET="_top" +>directory mask</A +> = 0700</PRE +></P +><P +>There are a couple of points to emphasize in the above configuration.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> Encrypted passwords must be enabled. For more details on how + to do this, refer to <A +HREF="ENCRYPTION.html" +TARGET="_top" +>ENCRYPTION.html</A +>. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The server must support domain logons and a + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>[netlogon]</TT +> share + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The server must be the domain master browser in order for Windows client to locate the server as a DC. Please refer to the various Network Browsing documentation included with this distribution for details. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Samba 3.0 offers a complete implementation of group mapping + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>As Samba 2.2 does not offer a complete implementation of group mapping between Windows NT groups and Unix groups (this is really quite -complicated to explain in a short space). -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2877759"></a>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</h2></div></div><p> -A machine trust account is a Samba account that is used to +complicated to explain in a short space), you should refer to the +<A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#DOMAINADMINGROUP" +TARGET="_top" +>domain admin +group</A +> smb.conf parameter for information of creating "Domain +Admins" style accounts.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN663">6.4. Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the +Domain</H1 +><P +>A machine trust account is a Samba account that is used to authenticate a client machine (rather than a user) to the Samba -server. In Windows terminology, this is known as a "Computer -Account."</p><p> -The password of a machine trust account acts as the shared secret for +server. In Windows terminology, this is known as a "Computer +Account."</P +><P +>The password of a machine trust account acts as the shared secret for secure communication with the Domain Controller. This is a security feature to prevent an unauthorized machine with the same NetBIOS name from joining the domain and gaining access to domain user/group -accounts. Windows NT, 200x, XP Professional clients use machine trust -accounts, but Windows 9x / Me / XP Home clients do not. Hence, a -Windows 9x / Me / XP Home client is never a true member of a domain -because it does not possess a machine trust account, and thus has no -shared secret with the domain controller. -</p><p>A Windows PDC stores each machine trust account in the Windows -Registry. A Samba-3 PDC also has to store machine trust account information -in a suitable backend data store. With Samba-3 there can be multiple back-ends -for this including: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd</em></span> - the plain ascii file stored used by - earlier versions of Samba. This file configuration option requires - a Unix/Linux system account for EVERY entry (ie: both for user and for - machine accounts). This file will be located in the <span class="emphasis"><em>private</em></span> - directory (default is /usr/local/samba/lib/private or on linux /etc/samba). - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>smbpasswd_nua</em></span> - This file is independant of the - system wide user accounts. The use of this back-end option requires - specification of the "non unix account range" option also. It is called - smbpasswd and will be located in the <tt>private</tt> directory. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam</em></span> - a binary database backend that will be - stored in the <span class="emphasis"><em>private</em></span> directory in a file called - <span class="emphasis"><em>passwd.tdb</em></span>. The key benefit of this binary format - file is that it can store binary objects that can not be accomodated - in the traditional plain text smbpasswd file. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>tdbsam_nua</em></span> like the smbpasswd_nua option above, this - file allows the creation of arbitrary user and machine accounts without - requiring that account to be added to the system (/etc/passwd) file. It - too requires the specification of the "non unix account range" option - in the [globals] section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>ldapsam</em></span> - An LDAP based back-end. Permits the - LDAP server to be specified. eg: ldap://localhost or ldap://frodo.murphy.com - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>ldapsam_nua</em></span> - LDAP based back-end with no unix - account requirement, like smbpasswd_nua and tdbsam_nua above. - </p></li></ul></div><p>Read the chapter about the <a href="passdb.html" title="Chapter 10. User information database">User Database</a> -for details.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -The new tdbsam and ldapsam account backends store vastly more information than -smbpasswd is capable of. The new backend database includes capacity to specify -per user settings for many parameters, over-riding global settings given in the -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file. eg: logon drive, logon home, logon path, etc. -</p></div><p> -A Samba PDC, however, stores each machine trust account in two parts, -as follows: +accounts. Windows NT and 2000 clients use machine trust accounts, but +Windows 9x clients do not. Hence, a Windows 9x client is never a true +member of a domain because it does not possess a machine trust +account, and thus has no shared secret with the domain controller.</P +><P +>A Windows PDC stores each machine trust account in the Windows +Registry. A Samba PDC, however, stores each machine trust account +in two parts, as follows: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>A Samba account, stored in the same location as user +<P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>A Samba account, stored in the same location as user LanMan and NT password hashes (currently - <tt>smbpasswd</tt>). The Samba account - possesses and uses only the NT password hash.</p></li><li><p>A corresponding Unix account, typically stored in - <tt>/etc/passwd</tt>. (Future releases will alleviate the need to - create <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entries.) </p></li></ul></div><p> -</p><p> -There are two ways to create machine trust accounts: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> Manual creation. Both the Samba and corresponding - Unix account are created by hand.</p></li><li><p> "On-the-fly" creation. The Samba machine trust + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +>). The Samba account + possesses and uses only the NT password hash.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>A corresponding Unix account, typically stored in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>. (Future releases will alleviate the need to + create <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entries.) </P +></LI +></UL +></P +><P +>There are two ways to create machine trust accounts:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> Manual creation. Both the Samba and corresponding + Unix account are created by hand.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> "On-the-fly" creation. The Samba machine trust account is automatically created by Samba at the time the client is joined to the domain. (For security, this is the recommended method.) The corresponding Unix account may be - created automatically or manually. </p></li></ul></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878028"></a>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><p> -The first step in manually creating a machine trust account is to + created automatically or manually. </P +></LI +></UL +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN682">6.4.1. Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</H2 +><P +>The first step in manually creating a machine trust account is to manually create the corresponding Unix account in -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt>. This can be done using -<b>vipw</b> or other 'add user' command that is normally +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>. This can be done using +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vipw</B +> or other 'add user' command that is normally used to create new Unix accounts. The following is an example for a -Linux based Samba server: -</p><p> - <tt>root# </tt><b>/usr/sbin/useradd -g 100 -d /dev/null -c <i><tt>"machine -nickname"</tt></i> -s /bin/false <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$ </b> -</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b>passwd -l <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$</b> -</p><p>On *BSD systems, this can be done using the 'chpass' utility:</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b>chpass -a "<i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>$:*:101:100::0:0:Workstation <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i>:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin"</b> -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry will list the machine name -with a "$" appended, won't have a password, will have a null shell and no +Linux based Samba server:</P +><P +> <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/usr/sbin/useradd -g 100 -d /dev/null -c <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>"machine +nickname"</I +></TT +> -s /bin/false <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +>$ </B +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd -l <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +>$</B +></P +><P +>On *BSD systems, this can be done using the 'chpass' utility:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chpass -a "<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +>$:*:101:100::0:0:Workstation <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +>:/dev/null:/sbin/nologin"</B +></P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entry will list the machine name +with a "$" appended, won't have a password, will have a null shell and no home directory. For example a machine named 'doppy' would have an -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -doppy$:x:505:501:<i><tt>machine_nickname</tt></i>:/dev/null:/bin/false -</pre><p> -Above, <i><tt>machine_nickname</tt></i> can be any +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entry like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>doppy$:x:505:501:<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_nickname</I +></TT +>:/dev/null:/bin/false</PRE +></P +><P +>Above, <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_nickname</I +></TT +> can be any descriptive name for the client, i.e., BasementComputer. -<i><tt>machine_name</tt></i> absolutely must be the NetBIOS -name of the client to be joined to the domain. The "$" must be +<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +> absolutely must be the NetBIOS +name of the client to be joined to the domain. The "$" must be appended to the NetBIOS name of the client or Samba will not recognize -this as a machine trust account. -</p><p> -Now that the corresponding Unix account has been created, the next step is to create +this as a machine trust account.</P +><P +>Now that the corresponding Unix account has been created, the next step is to create the Samba account for the client containing the well-known initial -machine trust account password. This can be done using the <a href="smbpasswd.8.html" target="_top"><b>smbpasswd(8)</b></a> command -as shown here: -</p><p> -<tt>root# </tt><b><tt>smbpasswd -a -m <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i></tt></b> -</p><p> -where <i><tt>machine_name</tt></i> is the machine's NetBIOS +machine trust account password. This can be done using the <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +> command +as shown here:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root# </TT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd -a -m <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +></B +></P +><P +>where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>machine_name</I +></TT +> is the machine's NetBIOS name. The RID of the new machine account is generated from the UID of -the corresponding Unix account. -</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Join the client to the domain immediately</h3><p> - Manually creating a machine trust account using this method is the +the corresponding Unix account.</P +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>Join the client to the domain immediately</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +> Manually creating a machine trust account using this method is the equivalent of creating a machine trust account on a Windows NT PDC using - the "Server Manager". From the time at which the account is created + the "Server Manager". From the time at which the account is created to the time which the client joins the domain and changes the password, - your domain is vulnerable to an intruder joining your domain using + your domain is vulnerable to an intruder joining your domain using a a machine with the same NetBIOS name. A PDC inherently trusts members of the domain and will serve out a large degree of user information to such clients. You have been warned! - </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878262"></a>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</h3></div></div><p> -The second (and recommended) way of creating machine trust accounts is + </P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN723">6.4.2. "On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</H2 +><P +>The second (and recommended) way of creating machine trust accounts is simply to allow the Samba server to create them as needed when the client -is joined to the domain. </p><p>Since each Samba machine trust account requires a corresponding +is joined to the domain. </P +><P +>Since each Samba machine trust account requires a corresponding Unix account, a method for automatically creating the Unix account is usually supplied; this requires configuration of the -<a href="smb.conf.5.html#ADDUSERSCRIPT" target="_top">add user script</a> -option in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. This +<A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ADDUSERSCRIPT" +TARGET="_top" +>add user script</A +> +option in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. This method is not required, however; corresponding Unix accounts may also -be created manually. -</p><p>Below is an example for a RedHat 6.2 Linux system. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - # <...remainder of parameters...> - add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u -</pre></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878318"></a>Joining the Client to the Domain</h3></div></div><p> -The procedure for joining a client to the domain varies with the -version of Windows. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Windows 2000</em></span></p><p> - When the user elects to join the client to a domain, Windows prompts for - an account and password that is privileged to join the domain. A Samba administrative - account (i.e., a Samba account that has root privileges on the Samba server) must be - entered here; the operation will fail if an ordinary user account is given. - The password for this account should be set to a different password than the associated - <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry, for security reasons. - </p><p> - The session key of the Samba administrative account acts as an +be created manually.</P +><P +>Below is an example for a RedHat 6.2 Linux system.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] + # <...remainder of parameters...> + add user script = /usr/sbin/useradd -d /dev/null -g 100 -s /bin/false -M %u </PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN732">6.4.3. Joining the Client to the Domain</H2 +><P +>The procedure for joining a client to the domain varies with the +version of Windows.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Windows 2000</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +> When the user elects to join the client to a domain, Windows prompts for + an account and password that is privileged to join the domain. A + Samba administrative account (i.e., a Samba account that has root + privileges on the Samba server) must be entered here; the + operation will fail if an ordinary user account is given. + The password for this account should be + set to a different password than the associated + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> entry, for security + reasons. </P +><P +>The session key of the Samba administrative account acts as an encryption key for setting the password of the machine trust account. The machine trust account will be created on-the-fly, or - updated if it already exists. - </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Windows NT</em></span></p><p> If the machine trust account was created manually, on the + updated if it already exists.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Windows NT</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +> If the machine trust account was created manually, on the Identification Changes menu enter the domain name, but do not - check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In this case, + check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In this case, the existing machine trust account is used to join the machine to - the domain.</p><p> If the machine trust account is to be created + the domain.</P +><P +> If the machine trust account is to be created on-the-fly, on the Identification Changes menu enter the domain - name, and check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In + name, and check the box "Create a Computer Account in the Domain." In this case, joining the domain proceeds as above for Windows 2000 (i.e., you must supply a Samba administrative account when - prompted).</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Samba</em></span></p><p>Joining a samba client to a domain is documented in - the <a href="domain-member.html" title="Chapter 8. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member">Domain Member</a> chapter. -</p></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878425"></a>Common Problems and Errors</h2></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878432"></a>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</h3></div></div><p> -A 'machine name' in (typically) <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> -of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD -systems?) won't create a user with a '$' in their name. -</p><p> -The problem is only in the program used to make the entry. Once made, it works perfectly. -Create a user without the '$' using <b>vipw</b> to edit the entry, adding -the '$'. Or create the whole entry with vipw if you like, make sure you use a unique User ID! -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878470"></a>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</h3></div></div><p> -This happens if you try to create a machine trust account from the -machine itself and already have a connection (e.g. mapped drive) -to a share (or IPC$) on the Samba PDC. The following command -will remove all network drive connections: -</p><p> -<tt>C:\WINNT\></tt> <b>net use * /d</b> -</p><p> -Further, if the machine is already a 'member of a workgroup' that -is the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will -get this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it -does not matter what, reboot, and try again. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878517"></a>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</h3></div></div><p>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading -to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system -can not log you on (C000019B), Please try again or consult your -system administrator" when attempting to logon. -</p><p> -This occurs when the domain SID stored in the secrets.tdb database -is changed. The most common cause of a change in domain SID is when -the domain name and/or the server name (netbios name) is changed. -The only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain -SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin. The domain -SID may be reset using either the net or rpcclient utilities. -</p><p> -The reset or change the domain SID you can use the net command as follows: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - net getlocalsid 'OLDNAME' - net setlocalsid 'SID' -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878568"></a>The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</h3></div></div><p> -When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account -for this computer either does not exist or is not accessible". What's -wrong? -</p><p> -This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine trust account. -If you are using the <i><tt>add user script</tt></i> method to create -accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain -admin user system is working. -</p><p> -Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they -have not been created correctly. Make sure that you have the entry -correct for the machine trust account in smbpasswd file on the Samba PDC. -If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd -utility, make sure that the account name is the machine NetBIOS name -with a '$' appended to it ( i.e. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry -in both /etc/passwd and the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported -that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT -client have caused this problem. Make sure that these are consistent -for both client and server. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878617"></a>When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</h3></div></div><p> -At first be ensure to enable the useraccounts with <b>smbpasswd -e -%user%</b>, this is normally done, when you create an account. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2878642"></a>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</h2></div></div><p> -A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same thing in terms of network + prompted).</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN747">6.5. Common Problems and Errors</H1 +><P +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>I cannot include a '$' in a machine name.</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> A 'machine name' in (typically) <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> + of the machine name with a '$' appended. FreeBSD (and other BSD + systems?) won't create a user with a '$' in their name. + </P +><P +> The problem is only in the program used to make the entry, once + made, it works perfectly. So create a user without the '$' and + use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vipw</B +> to edit the entry, adding the '$'. Or create + the whole entry with vipw if you like, make sure you use a + unique User ID ! + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." + or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an + existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> This happens if you try to create a machine trust account from the + machine itself and already have a connection (e.g. mapped drive) + to a share (or IPC$) on the Samba PDC. The following command + will remove all network drive connections: + </P +><P +> <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINNT\></TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net use * /d</B +> + </P +><P +> Further, if the machine is a already a 'member of a workgroup' that + is the same name as the domain you are joining (bad idea) you will + get this message. Change the workgroup name to something else, it + does not matter what, reboot, and try again. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +>I joined the domain successfully but after upgrading + to a newer version of the Samba code I get the message, "The system + can not log you on (C000019B), Please try a gain or consult your + system administrator" when attempting to logon. + </P +><P +> This occurs when the domain SID stored in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>private/WORKGROUP.SID</TT +> is + changed. For example, you remove the file and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> automatically + creates a new one. Or you are swapping back and forth between + versions 2.0.7, TNG and the HEAD branch code (not recommended). The + only way to correct the problem is to restore the original domain + SID or remove the domain client from the domain and rejoin. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>The machine trust account for this computer either does not + exist or is not accessible.</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> When I try to join the domain I get the message "The machine account + for this computer either does not exist or is not accessible". What's + wrong? + </P +><P +> This problem is caused by the PDC not having a suitable machine trust account. + If you are using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add user script</I +></TT +> method to create + accounts then this would indicate that it has not worked. Ensure the domain + admin user system is working. + </P +><P +> Alternatively if you are creating account entries manually then they + have not been created correctly. Make sure that you have the entry + correct for the machine trust account in smbpasswd file on the Samba PDC. + If you added the account using an editor rather than using the smbpasswd + utility, make sure that the account name is the machine NetBIOS name + with a '$' appended to it ( i.e. computer_name$ ). There must be an entry + in both /etc/passwd and the smbpasswd file. Some people have reported + that inconsistent subnet masks between the Samba server and the NT + client have caused this problem. Make sure that these are consistent + for both client and server. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, + I get a message about my account being disabled.</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> This problem is caused by a PAM related bug in Samba 2.2.0. This bug is + fixed in 2.2.1. Other symptoms could be unaccessible shares on + NT/W2K member servers in the domain or the following error in your smbd.log: + passdb/pampass.c:pam_account(268) PAM: UNKNOWN ERROR for User: %user% + </P +><P +> At first be ensure to enable the useraccounts with <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd -e + %user%</B +>, this is normally done, when you create an account. + </P +><P +> In order to work around this problem in 2.2.0, configure the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>account</I +></TT +> control flag in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/samba</TT +> file as follows: + </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> account required pam_permit.so + </PRE +></P +><P +> If you want to remain backward compatibility to samba 2.0.x use + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_permit.so</TT +>, it's also possible to use + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_pwdb.so</TT +>. There are some bugs if you try to + use <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_unix.so</TT +>, if you need this, be ensure to use + the most recent version of this file. + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN795">6.6. System Policies and Profiles</H1 +><P +>Much of the information necessary to implement System Policies and +Roving User Profiles in a Samba domain is the same as that for +implementing these same items in a Windows NT 4.0 domain. +You should read the white paper <A +HREF="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp" +TARGET="_top" +>Implementing +Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0</A +> available from Microsoft.</P +><P +>Here are some additional details:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>What about Windows NT Policy Editor?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> To create or edit <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>ntconfig.pol</TT +> you must use + the NT Server Policy Editor, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>poledit.exe</B +> which + is included with NT Server but <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not NT Workstation</I +></SPAN +>. + There is a Policy Editor on a NTws + but it is not suitable for creating <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Domain Policies</I +></SPAN +>. + Further, although the Windows 95 + Policy Editor can be installed on an NT Workstation/Server, it will not + work with NT policies because the registry key that are set by the policy templates. + However, the files from the NT Server will run happily enough on an NTws. + You need <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>poledit.exe, common.adm</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>winnt.adm</TT +>. It is convenient + to put the two *.adm files in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>c:\winnt\inf</TT +> which is where + the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that + directory is 'hidden'. + </P +><P +> The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and + later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>servicepackname /x</B +>, + i.e. that's <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</B +> for service pack 6a. The policy editor, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>poledit.exe</B +> and the associated template files (*.adm) should + be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template + files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible + location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Can Win95 do Policies?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group + policies. Look on the Win98 CD in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</TT +>. + Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>grouppol.inf</TT +>. Log off and on again a couple of + times and see if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs + to be done on every Win9x machine that uses group policies.... + </P +><P +> If group policies don't work one reports suggests getting the updated + (read: working) grouppol.dll for Windows 9x. The group list is grabbed + from /etc/group. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>How do I get 'User Manager' and 'Server Manager'</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> Since I don't need to buy an NT Server CD now, how do I get + the 'User Manager for Domains', the 'Server Manager'? + </P +><P +> Microsoft distributes a version of these tools called nexus for + installation on Windows 95 systems. The tools set includes + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Server Manager</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>User Manager for Domains</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Event Viewer</P +></LI +></UL +><P +> Click here to download the archived file <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE" +TARGET="_top" +>ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/NEXUS.EXE</A +> + </P +><P +> The Windows NT 4.0 version of the 'User Manager for + Domains' and 'Server Manager' are available from Microsoft via ftp + from <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE" +TARGET="_top" +>ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/Softlib/MSLFILES/SRVTOOLS.EXE</A +> + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN839">6.7. What other help can I get?</H1 +><P +>There are many sources of information available in the form +of mailing lists, RFC's and documentation. The docs that come +with the samba distribution contain very good explanations of +general SMB topics such as browsing.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>What are some diagnostics tools I can use to debug the domain logon + process and where can I find them?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> One of the best diagnostic tools for debugging problems is Samba itself. + You can use the -d option for both smbd and nmbd to specify what + 'debug level' at which to run. See the man pages on smbd, nmbd and + smb.conf for more information on debugging options. The debug + level can range from 1 (the default) to 10 (100 for debugging passwords). + </P +><P +> Another helpful method of debugging is to compile samba using the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>gcc -g </B +> flag. This will include debug + information in the binaries and allow you to attach gdb to the + running smbd / nmbd process. In order to attach gdb to an smbd + process for an NT workstation, first get the workstation to make the + connection. Pressing ctrl-alt-delete and going down to the domain box + is sufficient (at least, on the first time you join the domain) to + generate a 'LsaEnumTrustedDomains'. Thereafter, the workstation + maintains an open connection, and therefore there will be an smbd + process running (assuming that you haven't set a really short smbd + idle timeout) So, in between pressing ctrl alt delete, and actually + typing in your password, you can gdb attach and continue. + </P +><P +> Some useful samba commands worth investigating: + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>testparam | more</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>smbclient -L //{netbios name of server}</P +></LI +></UL +><P +> An SMB enabled version of tcpdump is available from + <A +HREF="http://www.tcpdump.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.tcpdup.org/</A +>. + Ethereal, another good packet sniffer for Unix and Win32 + hosts, can be downloaded from <A +HREF="http://www.ethereal.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.ethereal.com</A +>. + </P +><P +> For tracing things on the Microsoft Windows NT, Network Monitor + (aka. netmon) is available on the Microsoft Developer Network CD's, + the Windows NT Server install CD and the SMS CD's. The version of + netmon that ships with SMS allows for dumping packets between any two + computers (i.e. placing the network interface in promiscuous mode). + The version on the NT Server install CD will only allow monitoring + of network traffic directed to the local NT box and broadcasts on the + local subnet. Be aware that Ethereal can read and write netmon + formatted files. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>How do I install 'Network Monitor' on an NT Workstation + or a Windows 9x box?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> Installing netmon on an NT workstation requires a couple + of steps. The following are for installing Netmon V4.00.349, which comes + with Microsoft Windows NT Server 4.0, on Microsoft Windows NT + Workstation 4.0. The process should be similar for other version of + Windows NT / Netmon. You will need both the Microsoft Windows + NT Server 4.0 Install CD and the Workstation 4.0 Install CD. + </P +><P +> Initially you will need to install 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' + on the NT Server. To do this + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - + Network - Services - Add </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Select the 'Network Monitor Tools and Agent' and + click on 'OK'.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Insert the Windows NT Server 4.0 install CD + when prompted.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +> At this point the Netmon files should exist in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>%SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.*</TT +>. + Two subdirectories exist as well, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>parsers\</TT +> + which contains the necessary DLL's for parsing the netmon packet + dump, and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>captures\</TT +>. + </P +><P +> In order to install the Netmon tools on an NT Workstation, you will + first need to install the 'Network Monitor Agent' from the Workstation + install CD. + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Goto Start - Settings - Control Panel - + Network - Services - Add</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Select the 'Network Monitor Agent' and click + on 'OK'.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Click 'OK' on the Network Control Panel. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Insert the Windows NT Workstation 4.0 install + CD when prompted.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +> Now copy the files from the NT Server in %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* + to %SYSTEMROOT%\System32\netmon\*.* on the Workstation and set + permissions as you deem appropriate for your site. You will need + administrative rights on the NT box to run netmon. + </P +><P +> To install Netmon on a Windows 9x box install the network monitor agent + from the Windows 9x CD (\admin\nettools\netmon). There is a readme + file located with the netmon driver files on the CD if you need + information on how to do this. Copy the files from a working + Netmon installation. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The following is a list if helpful URLs and other links: + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Home of Samba site <A +HREF="http://samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +> http://samba.org</A +>. We have a mirror near you !</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Development</I +></SPAN +> document + on the Samba mirrors might mention your problem. If so, + it might mean that the developers are working on it.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>See how Scott Merrill simulates a BDC behavior at + <A +HREF="http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html" +TARGET="_top" +> http://www.skippy.net/linux/smb-howto.html</A +>. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Although 2.0.7 has almost had its day as a PDC, David Bannon will + keep the 2.0.7 PDC pages at <A +HREF="http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba" +TARGET="_top" +> http://bioserve.latrobe.edu.au/samba</A +> going for a while yet.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Misc links to CIFS information + <A +HREF="http://samba.org/cifs/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org/cifs/</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +>NT Domains for Unix <A +HREF="http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/" +TARGET="_top" +> http://mailhost.cb1.com/~lkcl/ntdom/</A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +>FTP site for older SMB specs: + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.microsoft.com/developr/drg/CIFS/</A +></P +></LI +></UL +></LI +></UL +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>How do I get help from the mailing lists?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> There are a number of Samba related mailing lists. Go to <A +HREF="http://samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>http://samba.org</A +>, click on your nearest mirror + and then click on <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Support</B +> and then click on <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> Samba related mailing lists</B +>. + </P +><P +> For questions relating to Samba TNG go to + <A +HREF="http://www.samba-tng.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.samba-tng.org/</A +> + It has been requested that you don't post questions about Samba-TNG to the + main stream Samba lists.</P +><P +> If you post a message to one of the lists please observe the following guide lines : + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> Always remember that the developers are volunteers, they are + not paid and they never guarantee to produce a particular feature at + a particular time. Any time lines are 'best guess' and nothing more. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Always mention what version of samba you are using and what + operating system its running under. You should probably list the + relevant sections of your smb.conf file, at least the options + in [global] that affect PDC support.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>In addition to the version, if you obtained Samba via + CVS mention the date when you last checked it out.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Try and make your question clear and brief, lots of long, + convoluted questions get deleted before they are completely read ! + Don't post html encoded messages (if you can select colour or font + size its html).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +> If you run one of those nifty 'I'm on holidays' things when + you are away, make sure its configured to not answer mailing lists. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> Don't cross post. Work out which is the best list to post to + and see what happens, i.e. don't post to both samba-ntdom and samba-technical. + Many people active on the lists subscribe to more + than one list and get annoyed to see the same message two or more times. + Often someone will see a message and thinking it would be better dealt + with on another, will forward it on for you.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>You might include <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>partial</I +></SPAN +> + log files written at a debug level set to as much as 20. + Please don't send the entire log but enough to give the context of the + error messages.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>(Possibly) If you have a complete netmon trace ( from the opening of + the pipe to the error ) you can send the *.CAP file as well.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Please think carefully before attaching a document to an email. + Consider pasting the relevant parts into the body of the message. The samba + mailing lists go to a huge number of people, do they all need a copy of your + smb.conf in their attach directory?</P +></LI +></UL +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>How do I get off the mailing lists?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +>To have your name removed from a samba mailing list, go to the + same place you went to to get on it. Go to <A +HREF="http://lists.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://lists.samba.org</A +>, + click on your nearest mirror and then click on <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Support</B +> and + then click on <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> Samba related mailing lists</B +>. Or perhaps see + <A +HREF="http://lists.samba.org/mailman/roster/samba-ntdom" +TARGET="_top" +>here</A +> + </P +><P +> Please don't post messages to the list asking to be removed, you will just + be referred to the above address (unless that process failed in some way...) + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN953">6.8. Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>The following section contains much of the original +DOMAIN.txt file previously included with Samba. Much of +the material is based on what went into the book <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Special +Edition, Using Samba</I +></SPAN +>, by Richard Sharpe.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>A domain and a workgroup are exactly the same thing in terms of network browsing. The difference is that a distributable authentication database is associated with a domain, for secure login access to a network. Also, different access rights can be granted to users if they -successfully authenticate against a domain logon server. Samba-3 does this -now in the same way that MS Windows NT/2K. -</p><p> -The SMB client logging on to a domain has an expectation that every other +successfully authenticate against a domain logon server (NT server and +other systems based on NT server support this, as does at least Samba TNG now).</P +><P +>The SMB client logging on to a domain has an expectation that every other server in the domain should accept the same authentication information. -Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is identical and -is explained in this documentation under the browsing discussions. -It should be noted, that browsing is totally orthogonal to logon support. -</p><p> -Issues related to the single-logon network model are discussed in this +Network browsing functionality of domains and workgroups is +identical and is explained in BROWSING.txt. It should be noted, that browsing +is totally orthogonal to logon support.</P +><P +>Issues related to the single-logon network model are discussed in this section. Samba supports domain logons, network logon scripts, and user profiles for MS Windows for workgroups and MS Windows 9X/ME clients -which are the focus of this section. -</p><p> -When an SMB client in a domain wishes to logon it broadcast requests for a +which will be the focus of this section.</P +><P +>When an SMB client in a domain wishes to logon it broadcast requests for a logon server. The first one to reply gets the job, and validates its password using whatever mechanism the Samba administrator has installed. It is possible (but very stupid) to create a domain where the user database is not shared between servers, i.e. they are effectively workgroup servers advertising themselves as participating in a domain. This demonstrates how authentication is quite different from but closely -involved with domains. -</p><p> -Using these features you can make your clients verify their logon via +involved with domains.</P +><P +>Using these features you can make your clients verify their logon via the Samba server; make clients run a batch file when they logon to -the network and download their preferences, desktop and start menu. -</p><p> -Before launching into the configuration instructions, it is -worthwhile to look at how a Windows 9x/ME client performs a logon: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p> - The client broadcasts (to the IP broadcast address of the subnet it is in) - a NetLogon request. This is sent to the NetBIOS name DOMAIN<1c> at the +the network and download their preferences, desktop and start menu.</P +><P +>Before launching into the configuration instructions, it is +worthwhile lookingat how a Windows 9x/ME client performs a logon:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> The client broadcasts (to the IP broadcast address of the subnet it is in) + a NetLogon request. This is sent to the NetBIOS name DOMAIN<1c> at the NetBIOS layer. The client chooses the first response it receives, which contains the NetBIOS name of the logon server to use in the format of \\SERVER. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to that server, logs on (does an SMBsessetupX) and + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then connects to that server, logs on (does an SMBsessetupX) and then connects to the IPC$ share (using an SMBtconX). - </p></li><li><p> - The client then does a NetWkstaUserLogon request, which retrieves the name + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then does a NetWkstaUserLogon request, which retrieves the name of the user's logon script. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to the NetLogon share and searches for this + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then connects to the NetLogon share and searches for this and if it is found and can be read, is retrieved and executed by the client. After this, the client disconnects from the NetLogon share. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then sends a NetUserGetInfo request to the server, to retrieve + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then sends a NetUserGetInfo request to the server, to retrieve the user's home share, which is used to search for profiles. Since the - response to the NetUserGetInfo request does not contain much more then + response to the NetUserGetInfo request does not contain much more the user's home share, profiles for Win9X clients MUST reside in the user home directory. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then connects to the user's home share and searches for the + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then connects to the user's home share and searches for the user's profile. As it turns out, you can specify the user's home share as a sharename and path. For example, \\server\fred\.profile. If the profiles are found, they are implemented. - </p></li><li><p> - The client then disconnects from the user's home share, and reconnects to + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> The client then disconnects from the user's home share, and reconnects to the NetLogon share and looks for CONFIG.POL, the policies file. If this is found, it is read and implemented. - </p></li></ol></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2878805"></a>Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</h3></div></div><p> -The main difference between a PDC and a Windows 9x logon -server configuration is that -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> -Password encryption is not required for a Windows 9x logon server. -</p></li><li><p> -Windows 9x/ME clients do not possess machine trust accounts. -</p></li></ul></div><p> -Therefore, a Samba PDC will also act as a Windows 9x logon -server. -</p><div class="warning" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">security mode and master browsers</h3><p> -There are a few comments to make in order to tie up some + </P +></LI +></OL +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN979">6.8.1. Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</H2 +><P +>The main difference between a PDC and a Windows 9x logon +server configuration is that</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Password encryption is not required for a Windows 9x logon server.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Windows 9x/ME clients do not possess machine trust accounts.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Therefore, a Samba PDC will also act as a Windows 9x logon +server.</P +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>security mode and master browsers</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>There are a few comments to make in order to tie up some loose ends. There has been much debate over the issue of whether or not it is ok to configure Samba as a Domain Controller in security -modes other than <tt>USER</tt>. The only security mode -which will not work due to technical reasons is <tt>SHARE</tt> -mode security. <tt>DOMAIN</tt> and <tt>SERVER</tt> -mode security is really just a variation on SMB user level security. -</p><p> -Actually, this issue is also closely tied to the debate on whether +modes other than <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>USER</TT +>. The only security mode +which will not work due to technical reasons is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SHARE</TT +> +mode security. <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DOMAIN</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SERVER</TT +> +mode security is really just a variation on SMB user level security.</P +><P +>Actually, this issue is also closely tied to the debate on whether or not Samba must be the domain master browser for its workgroup when operating as a DC. While it may technically be possible to configure a server as such (after all, browsing and domain logons -are two distinctly different functions), it is not a good idea to do +are two distinctly different functions), it is not a good idea to so. You should remember that the DC must register the DOMAIN#1b NetBIOS name. This is the name used by Windows clients to locate the DC. Windows clients do not distinguish between the DC and the DMB. -For this reason, it is very wise to configure the Samba DC as the DMB. -</p><p> -Now back to the issue of configuring a Samba DC to use a mode other -than "security = user". If a Samba host is configured to use +For this reason, it is very wise to configure the Samba DC as the DMB.</P +><P +>Now back to the issue of configuring a Samba DC to use a mode other +than "security = user". If a Samba host is configured to use another SMB server or DC in order to validate user connection requests, then it is a fact that some other machine on the network -(the "password server") knows more about the user than the Samba host. +(the "password server") knows more about user than the Samba host. 99% of the time, this other host is a domain controller. Now -in order to operate in domain mode security, the "workgroup" parameter +in order to operate in domain mode security, the "workgroup" parameter must be set to the name of the Windows NT domain (which already -has a domain controller, right?) -</p><p> -Therefore configuring a Samba box as a DC for a domain that +has a domain controller, right?)</P +><P +>Therefore configuring a Samba box as a DC for a domain that already by definition has a PDC is asking for trouble. Therefore, you should always configure the Samba DC to be the DMB -for its domain. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="securitylevels.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="type.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="samba-bdc.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 6. -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +for its domain.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN998">6.8.2. Configuration Instructions: Setting up Roaming User Profiles</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE!</I +></SPAN +> Roaming profiles support is different +for Win9X and WinNT.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>Before discussing how to configure roaming profiles, it is useful to see how +Win9X and WinNT clients implement these features.</P +><P +>Win9X clients send a NetUserGetInfo request to the server to get the user's +profiles location. However, the response does not have room for a separate +profiles location field, only the user's home share. This means that Win9X +profiles are restricted to being in the user's home directory.</P +><P +>WinNT clients send a NetSAMLogon RPC request, which contains many fields, +including a separate field for the location of the user's profiles. +This means that support for profiles is different for Win9X and WinNT.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1006">6.8.2.1. Windows NT Configuration</H3 +><P +>To support WinNT clients, in the [global] section of smb.conf set the +following (for example):</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>logon path = \\profileserver\profileshare\profilepath\%U\moreprofilepath</PRE +></P +><P +>The default for this option is \\%N\%U\profile, namely +\\sambaserver\username\profile. The \\N%\%U service is created +automatically by the [homes] service. +If you are using a samba server for the profiles, you _must_ make the +share specified in the logon path browseable. </P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>[lkcl 26aug96 - we have discovered a problem where Windows clients can +maintain a connection to the [homes] share in between logins. The +[homes] share must NOT therefore be used in a profile path.]</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1014">6.8.2.2. Windows 9X Configuration</H3 +><P +>To support Win9X clients, you must use the "logon home" parameter. Samba has +now been fixed so that "net use/home" now works as well, and it, too, relies +on the "logon home" parameter.</P +><P +>By using the logon home parameter, you are restricted to putting Win9X +profiles in the user's home directory. But wait! There is a trick you +can use. If you set the following in the [global] section of your +smb.conf file:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles</PRE +></P +><P +>then your Win9X clients will dutifully put their clients in a subdirectory +of your home directory called .profiles (thus making them hidden).</P +><P +>Not only that, but 'net use/home' will also work, because of a feature in +Win9X. It removes any directory stuff off the end of the home directory area +and only uses the server and share portion. That is, it looks like you +specified \\%L\%U for "logon home".</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1022">6.8.2.3. Win9X and WinNT Configuration</H3 +><P +>You can support profiles for both Win9X and WinNT clients by setting both the +"logon home" and "logon path" parameters. For example:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>logon home = \\%L\%U\.profiles +logon path = \\%L\profiles\%U</PRE +></P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>I have not checked what 'net use /home' does on NT when "logon home" is +set as above.</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1029">6.8.2.4. Windows 9X Profile Setup</H3 +><P +>When a user first logs in on Windows 9X, the file user.DAT is created, +as are folders "Start Menu", "Desktop", "Programs" and "Nethood". +These directories and their contents will be merged with the local +versions stored in c:\windows\profiles\username on subsequent logins, +taking the most recent from each. You will need to use the [global] +options "preserve case = yes", "short preserve case = yes" and +"case sensitive = no" in order to maintain capital letters in shortcuts +in any of the profile folders.</P +><P +>The user.DAT file contains all the user's preferences. If you wish to +enforce a set of preferences, rename their user.DAT file to user.MAN, +and deny them write access to this file.</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Passwords and + select the User Profiles tab. Select the required level of + roaming preferences. Press OK, but do _not_ allow the computer + to reboot. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> On the Windows 95 machine, go to Control Panel | Network | + Client for Microsoft Networks | Preferences. Select 'Log on to + NT Domain'. Then, ensure that the Primary Logon is 'Client for + Microsoft Networks'. Press OK, and this time allow the computer + to reboot. + </P +></LI +></OL +><P +>Under Windows 95, Profiles are downloaded from the Primary Logon. +If you have the Primary Logon as 'Client for Novell Networks', then +the profiles and logon script will be downloaded from your Novell +Server. If you have the Primary Logon as 'Windows Logon', then the +profiles will be loaded from the local machine - a bit against the +concept of roaming profiles, if you ask me.</P +><P +>You will now find that the Microsoft Networks Login box contains +[user, password, domain] instead of just [user, password]. Type in +the samba server's domain name (or any other domain known to exist, +but bear in mind that the user will be authenticated against this +domain and profiles downloaded from it, if that domain logon server +supports it), user name and user's password.</P +><P +>Once the user has been successfully validated, the Windows 95 machine +will inform you that 'The user has not logged on before' and asks you +if you wish to save the user's preferences? Select 'yes'.</P +><P +>Once the Windows 95 client comes up with the desktop, you should be able +to examine the contents of the directory specified in the "logon path" +on the samba server and verify that the "Desktop", "Start Menu", +"Programs" and "Nethood" folders have been created.</P +><P +>These folders will be cached locally on the client, and updated when +the user logs off (if you haven't made them read-only by then :-). +You will find that if the user creates further folders or short-cuts, +that the client will merge the profile contents downloaded with the +contents of the profile directory already on the local client, taking +the newest folders and short-cuts from each set.</P +><P +>If you have made the folders / files read-only on the samba server, +then you will get errors from the w95 machine on logon and logout, as +it attempts to merge the local and the remote profile. Basically, if +you have any errors reported by the w95 machine, check the Unix file +permissions and ownership rights on the profile directory contents, +on the samba server.</P +><P +>If you have problems creating user profiles, you can reset the user's +local desktop cache, as shown below. When this user then next logs in, +they will be told that they are logging in "for the first time".</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +> instead of logging in under the [user, password, domain] dialog, + press escape. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> run the regedit.exe program, and look in: + </P +><P +> HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Windows\CurrentVersion\ProfileList + </P +><P +> you will find an entry, for each user, of ProfilePath. Note the + contents of this key (likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), + then delete the key ProfilePath for the required user. + </P +><P +> [Exit the registry editor]. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>WARNING</I +></SPAN +> - before deleting the contents of the + directory listed in + the ProfilePath (this is likely to be c:\windows\profiles\username), + ask them if they have any important files stored on their desktop + or in their start menu. delete the contents of the directory + ProfilePath (making a backup if any of the files are needed). + </P +><P +> This will have the effect of removing the local (read-only hidden + system file) user.DAT in their profile directory, as well as the + local "desktop", "nethood", "start menu" and "programs" folders. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> search for the user's .PWL password-caching file in the c:\windows + directory, and delete it. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> log off the windows 95 client. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> check the contents of the profile path (see "logon path" described + above), and delete the user.DAT or user.MAN file for the user, + making a backup if required. + </P +></LI +></OL +><P +>If all else fails, increase samba's debug log levels to between 3 and 10, +and / or run a packet trace program such as tcpdump or netmon.exe, and +look for any error reports.</P +><P +>If you have access to an NT server, then first set up roaming profiles +and / or netlogons on the NT server. Make a packet trace, or examine +the example packet traces provided with NT server, and see what the +differences are with the equivalent samba trace.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1065">6.8.2.5. Windows NT Workstation 4.0</H3 +><P +>When a user first logs in to a Windows NT Workstation, the profile +NTuser.DAT is created. The profile location can be now specified +through the "logon path" parameter. </P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>[lkcl 10aug97 - i tried setting the path to +\\samba-server\homes\profile, and discovered that this fails because +a background process maintains the connection to the [homes] share +which does _not_ close down in between user logins. you have to +have \\samba-server\%L\profile, where user is the username created +from the [homes] share].</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>There is a parameter that is now available for use with NT Profiles: +"logon drive". This should be set to "h:" or any other drive, and +should be used in conjunction with the new "logon home" parameter.</P +><P +>The entry for the NT 4.0 profile is a _directory_ not a file. The NT +help on profiles mentions that a directory is also created with a .PDS +extension. The user, while logging in, must have write permission to +create the full profile path (and the folder with the .PDS extension) +[lkcl 10aug97 - i found that the creation of the .PDS directory failed, +and had to create these manually for each user, with a shell script. +also, i presume, but have not tested, that the full profile path must +be browseable just as it is for w95, due to the manner in which they +attempt to create the full profile path: test existence of each path +component; create path component].</P +><P +>In the profile directory, NT creates more folders than 95. It creates +"Application Data" and others, as well as "Desktop", "Nethood", +"Start Menu" and "Programs". The profile itself is stored in a file +NTuser.DAT. Nothing appears to be stored in the .PDS directory, and +its purpose is currently unknown.</P +><P +>You can use the System Control Panel to copy a local profile onto +a samba server (see NT Help on profiles: it is also capable of firing +up the correct location in the System Control Panel for you). The +NT Help file also mentions that renaming NTuser.DAT to NTuser.MAN +turns a profile into a mandatory one.</P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>[lkcl 10aug97 - i notice that NT Workstation tells me that it is +downloading a profile from a slow link. whether this is actually the +case, or whether there is some configuration issue, as yet unknown, +that makes NT Workstation _think_ that the link is a slow one is a +matter to be resolved].</P +><P +>[lkcl 20aug97 - after samba digest correspondence, one user found, and +another confirmed, that profiles cannot be loaded from a samba server +unless "security = user" and "encrypt passwords = yes" (see the file +ENCRYPTION.txt) or "security = server" and "password server = ip.address. +of.yourNTserver" are used. Either of these options will allow the NT +workstation to access the samba server using LAN manager encrypted +passwords, without the user intervention normally required by NT +workstation for clear-text passwords].</P +><P +>[lkcl 25aug97 - more comments received about NT profiles: the case of +the profile _matters_. the file _must_ be called NTuser.DAT or, for +a mandatory profile, NTuser.MAN].</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1078">6.8.2.6. Windows NT Server</H3 +><P +>There is nothing to stop you specifying any path that you like for the +location of users' profiles. Therefore, you could specify that the +profile be stored on a samba server, or any other SMB server, as long as +that SMB server supports encrypted passwords.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN1081">6.8.2.7. Sharing Profiles between W95 and NT Workstation 4.0</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>Potentially outdated or incorrect material follows</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>I think this is all bogus, but have not deleted it. (Richard Sharpe)</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +>The default logon path is \\%N\%U. NT Workstation will attempt to create +a directory "\\samba-server\username.PDS" if you specify the logon path +as "\\samba-server\username" with the NT User Manager. Therefore, you +will need to specify (for example) "\\samba-server\username\profile". +NT 4.0 will attempt to create "\\samba-server\username\profile.PDS", which +is more likely to succeed.</P +><P +>If you then want to share the same Start Menu / Desktop with W95, you will +need to specify "logon path = \\samba-server\username\profile" [lkcl 10aug97 +this has its drawbacks: i created a shortcut to telnet.exe, which attempts +to run from the c:\winnt\system32 directory. this directory is obviously +unlikely to exist on a Win95-only host].</P +><P +> If you have this set up correctly, you will find separate user.DAT and +NTuser.DAT files in the same profile directory.</P +><DIV +CLASS="NOTE" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="NOTE" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/note.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Note"></TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +>[lkcl 25aug97 - there are some issues to resolve with downloading of +NT profiles, probably to do with time/date stamps. i have found that +NTuser.DAT is never updated on the workstation after the first time that +it is copied to the local workstation profile directory. this is in +contrast to w95, where it _does_ transfer / update profiles correctly].</P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1091">6.9. DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control & Samba</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="WARNING" +><P +></P +><TABLE +CLASS="WARNING" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="25" +ALIGN="CENTER" +VALIGN="TOP" +><IMG +SRC="../images/warning.gif" +HSPACE="5" +ALT="Warning"></TD +><TH +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="CENTER" +><B +>Possibly Outdated Material</B +></TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +> </TD +><TD +ALIGN="LEFT" +VALIGN="TOP" +><P +> This appendix was originally authored by John H Terpstra of + the Samba Team and is included here for posterity. + </P +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE :</I +></SPAN +> +The term "Domain Controller" and those related to it refer to one specific +method of authentication that can underly an SMB domain. Domain Controllers +prior to Windows NT Server 3.1 were sold by various companies and based on +private extensions to the LAN Manager 2.1 protocol. Windows NT introduced +Microsoft-specific ways of distributing the user authentication database. +See DOMAIN.txt for examples of how Samba can participate in or create +SMB domains based on shared authentication database schemes other than the +Windows NT SAM.</P +><P +>Windows NT Server can be installed as either a plain file and print server +(WORKGROUP workstation or server) or as a server that participates in Domain +Control (DOMAIN member, Primary Domain controller or Backup Domain controller). +The same is true for OS/2 Warp Server, Digital Pathworks and other similar +products, all of which can participate in Domain Control along with Windows NT.</P +><P +>To many people these terms can be confusing, so let's try to clear the air.</P +><P +>Every Windows NT system (workstation or server) has a registry database. +The registry contains entries that describe the initialization information +for all services (the equivalent of Unix Daemons) that run within the Windows +NT environment. The registry also contains entries that tell application +software where to find dynamically loadable libraries that they depend upon. +In fact, the registry contains entries that describes everything that anything +may need to know to interact with the rest of the system.</P +><P +>The registry files can be located on any Windows NT machine by opening a +command prompt and typing:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINNT\></TT +> dir %SystemRoot%\System32\config</P +><P +>The environment variable %SystemRoot% value can be obtained by typing:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\WINNT></TT +>echo %SystemRoot%</P +><P +>The active parts of the registry that you may want to be familiar with are +the files called: default, system, software, sam and security.</P +><P +>In a domain environment, Microsoft Windows NT domain controllers participate +in replication of the SAM and SECURITY files so that all controllers within +the domain have an exactly identical copy of each.</P +><P +>The Microsoft Windows NT system is structured within a security model that +says that all applications and services must authenticate themselves before +they can obtain permission from the security manager to do what they set out +to do.</P +><P +>The Windows NT User database also resides within the registry. This part of +the registry contains the user's security identifier, home directory, group +memberships, desktop profile, and so on.</P +><P +>Every Windows NT system (workstation as well as server) will have its own +registry. Windows NT Servers that participate in Domain Security control +have a database that they share in common - thus they do NOT own an +independent full registry database of their own, as do Workstations and +plain Servers.</P +><P +>The User database is called the SAM (Security Access Manager) database and +is used for all user authentication as well as for authentication of inter- +process authentication (i.e. to ensure that the service action a user has +requested is permitted within the limits of that user's privileges).</P +><P +>The Samba team have produced a utility that can dump the Windows NT SAM into +smbpasswd format: see ENCRYPTION.txt for information on smbpasswd and +/pub/samba/pwdump on your nearest Samba mirror for the utility. This +facility is useful but cannot be easily used to implement SAM replication +to Samba systems.</P +><P +>Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, and Windows NT Workstations and Servers +can participate in a Domain security system that is controlled by Windows NT +servers that have been correctly configured. Almost every domain will have +ONE Primary Domain Controller (PDC). It is desirable that each domain will +have at least one Backup Domain Controller (BDC).</P +><P +>The PDC and BDCs then participate in replication of the SAM database so that +each Domain Controlling participant will have an up to date SAM component +within its registry.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-bdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/samba.7.html b/docs/htmldocs/samba.7.html index a54d3e883f..0851e99bd5 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/samba.7.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/samba.7.html @@ -1,116 +1,384 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>samba</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="samba.7"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>Samba — A Windows SMB/CIFS fileserver for UNIX</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>Samba</tt> </p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>The Samba software suite is a collection of programs +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>samba</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SAMBA" +></A +>samba</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>SAMBA -- A Windows SMB/CIFS fileserver for UNIX</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Samba</B +> </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN11" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>The Samba software suite is a collection of programs that implements the Server Message Block (commonly abbreviated as SMB) protocol for UNIX systems. This protocol is sometimes also referred to as the Common Internet File System (CIFS). For a - more thorough description, see <a href="http://www.ubiqx.org/cifs/" target="_top"> - http://www.ubiqx.org/cifs/</a>. Samba also implements the NetBIOS - protocol in nmbd.</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbd</b> daemon provides the file and print services to + more thorough description, see <A +HREF="http://www.ubiqx.org/cifs/" +TARGET="_top" +> http://www.ubiqx.org/cifs/</A +>. Samba also implements the NetBIOS + protocol in nmbd.</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd </B +> + daemon provides the file and print services to SMB clients, such as Windows 95/98, Windows NT, Windows for Workgroups or LanManager. The configuration file - for this daemon is described in <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>nmbd</b> + for this daemon is described in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> daemon provides NetBIOS nameservice and browsing support. The configuration file for this daemon - is described in <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbclient</b> + is described in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +></P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> program implements a simple ftp-like client. This is useful for accessing SMB shares on other compatible servers (such as Windows NT), and can also be used to allow a UNIX box to print to a printer attached to - any SMB server (such as a PC running Windows NT).</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>testparm</b> - utility is a simple syntax checker for Samba's <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> configuration file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="testprns.1.html">testprns(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>testprns</b> + any SMB server (such as a PC running Windows NT).</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> + utility is a simple syntax checker for Samba's + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>configuration file.</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +> utility supports testing printer names defined - in your <tt>printcap</tt> file used - by Samba.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbstatus.1.html">smbstatus(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbstatus</b> + in your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>printcap</TT +> file used + by Samba.</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbstatus</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbstatus</B +> tool provides access to information about the - current connections to <b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>nmblookup</b> + current connections to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +> tools allows NetBIOS name queries to be made - from a UNIX host.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbgroupedit.8.html">smbgroupedit(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbgroupedit</b> - tool allows for mapping unix groups to NT Builtin, - Domain, or Local groups. Also it allows setting - priviledges for that group, such as saAddUser, etc.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbpasswd</b> + from a UNIX host.</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make_smbcodepage</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make_smbcodepage</B +> + utility provides a means of creating SMB code page + definition files for your <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> server.</P +></DD +><DT +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +></DT +><DD +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> command is a tool for changing LanMan and Windows NT - password hashes on Samba and Windows NT servers.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbcacls.1.html">smbcacls(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbcacls</b> command is - a tool to set ACL's on remote CIFS servers. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbsh.1.html">smbsh(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbsh</b> command is - a program that allows you to run a unix shell with - with an overloaded VFS.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbtree.1.html">smbtree(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbtree</b> command - is a text-based network neighborhood tool.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbtar.1.html">smbtar(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>smbtar</b> can make - backups of data on CIFS/SMB servers.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbspool.8.html">smbspool(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>smbspool</b> is a - helper utility for printing on printers connected - to CIFS servers. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbcontrol.1.html">smbcontrol(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>smbcontrol</b> is a utility - that can change the behaviour of running samba daemons. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="rpcclient.1.html">rpcclient(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>rpcclient</b> is a utility - that can be used to execute RPC commands on remote - CIFS servers.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="pdbedit.8.html">pdbedit(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>pdbedit</b> command - can be used to maintain the local user database on - a samba server.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="findsmb.1.html">findsmb(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>findsmb</b> command - can be used to find SMB servers on the local network. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="net.8.html">net(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p>The <b>net</b> command - is supposed to work similar to the DOS/Windows - NET.EXE command.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="swat.8.html">swat(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>swat</b> is a web-based - interface to configuring <tt>smb.conf</tt>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>winbindd</b> is a daemon - that is used for integrating authentication and - the user database into unix.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="wbinfo.1.html">wbinfo(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>wbinfo</b> is a utility - that retrieves and stores information related to winbind. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="editreg.1.html">editreg(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>editreg</b> is a command-line - utility that can edit windows registry files. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="profiles.1.html">profiles(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>profiles</b> is a command-line - utility that can be used to replace all occurences of - a certain SID with another SID. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="vfstest.1.html">vfstest(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>vfstest</b> is a utility - that can be used to test vfs modules.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="ntlm_auth.1.html">ntlm_auth(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>ntlm_auth</b> is a helper-utility - for external programs wanting to do NTLM-authentication. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbmount.8.html">smbmount(8)</a>, <a href="smbumount.8.html">smbumount(8)</a>, <a href="smbmount.8.html">smbmount(8)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>smbmount</b>,<b>smbmnt</b> and <b>smbmnt</b> are commands that can be used to - mount CIFS/SMB shares on Linux. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a href="smbcquotas.1.html">smbcquotas(1)</a></span></dt><dd><p><b>smbcquotas</b> is a tool that - can set remote QUOTA's on server with NTFS 5. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMPONENTS</h2><p>The Samba suite is made up of several components. Each + password hashes on Samba and Windows NT servers.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN76" +></A +><H2 +>COMPONENTS</H2 +><P +>The Samba suite is made up of several components. Each component is described in a separate manual page. It is strongly recommended that you read the documentation that comes with Samba and the manual pages of those components that you use. If the manual pages and documents aren't clear enough then please visit - <a href="http://devel.samba.org/" target="_top">http://devel.samba.org</a> - for information on how to file a bug report or submit a patch.</p><p>If you require help, visit the Samba webpage at - <a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">http://www.samba.org/</a> and + <A +HREF="http://devel.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://devel.samba.org</A +> + for information on how to file a bug report or submit a patch.</P +><P +>If you require help, visit the Samba webpage at + <A +HREF="http://samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://www.samba.org/</A +> and explore the many option available to you. - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AVAILABILITY</h2><p>The Samba software suite is licensed under the + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN82" +></A +><H2 +>AVAILABILITY</H2 +><P +>The Samba software suite is licensed under the GNU Public License(GPL). A copy of that license should have come with the package in the file COPYING. You are encouraged to distribute copies of the Samba suite, but - please obey the terms of this license.</p><p>The latest version of the Samba suite can be + please obey the terms of this license.</P +><P +>The latest version of the Samba suite can be obtained via anonymous ftp from samba.org in the directory pub/samba/. It is also available on several - mirror sites worldwide.</p><p>You may also find useful information about Samba - on the newsgroup <a href="news:comp.protocols.smb" target="_top"> - comp.protocol.smb</a> and the Samba mailing + mirror sites worldwide.</P +><P +>You may also find useful information about Samba + on the newsgroup <A +HREF="news:comp.protocols.smb" +TARGET="_top" +> comp.protocol.smb</A +> and the Samba mailing list. Details on how to join the mailing list are given in - the README file that comes with Samba.</p><p>If you have access to a WWW viewer (such as Mozilla - or Konqueror) then you will also find lots of useful information, + the README file that comes with Samba.</P +><P +>If you have access to a WWW viewer (such as Netscape + or Mosaic) then you will also find lots of useful information, including back issues of the Samba mailing list, at - <a href="http://lists.samba.org/" target="_top">http://lists.samba.org</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the - Samba suite. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>CONTRIBUTIONS</h2><p>If you wish to contribute to the Samba project, + <A +HREF="http://lists.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://lists.samba.org</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN90" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of the + Samba suite. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN93" +></A +><H2 +>CONTRIBUTIONS</H2 +><P +>If you wish to contribute to the Samba project, then I suggest you join the Samba mailing list at - <a href="http://lists.samba.org/" target="_top">http://lists.samba.org</a>. - </p><p>If you have patches to submit, visit - <a href="http://devel.samba.org/" target="_top">http://devel.samba.org/</a> - for information on how to do it properly. We prefer patches - in <b>diff -u</b> format.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>CONTRIBUTORS</h2><p>Contributors to the project are now too numerous + <A +HREF="http://lists.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://lists.samba.org</A +>. + </P +><P +>If you have patches to submit, visit + <A +HREF="http://devel.samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>http://devel.samba.org/</A +> + for information on how to do it properly. We prefer patches in + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>diff -u</B +> format.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN100" +></A +><H2 +>CONTRIBUTORS</H2 +><P +>Contributors to the project are now too numerous to mention here but all deserve the thanks of all Samba - users. To see a full list, look at <a href="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/change-log" target="_top"> - ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/change-log</a> - for the pre-CVS changes and at <a href="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/cvs.log" target="_top"> - ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/cvs.log</a> + users. To see a full list, look at <A +HREF="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/change-log" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/change-log</A +> + for the pre-CVS changes and at <A +HREF="ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/cvs.log" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://samba.org/pub/samba/alpha/cvs.log</A +> for the contributors to Samba post-CVS. CVS is the Open Source source code control system used by the Samba Team to develop - Samba. The project would have been unmanageable without it.</p><p>In addition, several commercial organizations now help + Samba. The project would have been unmanageable without it.</P +><P +>In addition, several commercial organizations now help fund the Samba Team with money and equipment. For details see - the Samba Web pages at <a href="http://samba.org/samba/samba-thanks.html" target="_top"> - http://samba.org/samba/samba-thanks.html</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + the Samba Web pages at <A +HREF="http://samba.org/samba/samba-thanks.html" +TARGET="_top" +> http://samba.org/samba/samba-thanks.html</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN107" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML - 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/securitylevels.html b/docs/htmldocs/securitylevels.html index ddfb22536b..f1b9967540 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/securitylevels.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/securitylevels.html @@ -1,42 +1,125 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="type.html" title="Part II. Server Configuration Basics"><link rel="previous" href="ServerType.html" title="Chapter 3. Nomenclature of Server Types"><link rel="next" href="samba-pdc.html" title="Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ServerType.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part II. Server Configuration Basics</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="samba-pdc.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="securitylevels"></a>Chapter 4. Samba as Stand-Alone Server</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2807692">User and Share security level</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2807727">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2810322">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2812328">Server Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2876991">Domain Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2877129">ADS Level Security</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> -In this section the function and purpose of Samba's <span class="emphasis"><em>security</em></span> -modes are described. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2807692"></a>User and Share security level</h2></div></div><p> -A SMB server tells the client at startup what "security level" it is -running. There are two options "share level" and "user level". Which +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Type of installation" +HREF="type.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Type of installation" +HREF="type.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller" +HREF="samba-pdc.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SECURITYLEVELS">Chapter 5. User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</H1 +><P +>A SMB server tells the client at startup what "security level" it is +running. There are two options "share level" and "user level". Which of these two the client receives affects the way the client then tries to authenticate itself. It does not directly affect (to any great extent) the way the Samba server does security. I know this is strange, but it fits in with the client/server approach of SMB. In SMB everything is initiated and controlled by the client, and the server can only tell the client what is available and whether an action is -allowed. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2807727"></a>User Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -I'll describe user level security first, as its simpler. In user level -security the client will send a "session setup" command directly after +allowed. </P +><P +>I'll describe user level security first, as its simpler. In user level +security the client will send a "session setup" command directly after the protocol negotiation. This contains a username and password. The server can either accept or reject that username/password combination. Note that at this stage the server has no idea what share the client will eventually try to connect to, so it can't base -the "accept/reject" on anything other than: -</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>the username/password</p></li><li><p>the machine that the client is coming from</p></li></ol></div><p> -If the server accepts the username/password then the client expects to -be able to mount any share (using a "tree connection") without +the "accept/reject" on anything other than:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>the username/password</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>the machine that the client is coming from</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>If the server accepts the username/password then the client expects to +be able to mount any share (using a "tree connection") without specifying a password. It expects that all access rights will be as -the username/password specified in the "session setup". -</p><p> -It is also possible for a client to send multiple "session setup" -requests. When the server responds it gives the client a "uid" to use +the username/password specified in the "session setup". </P +><P +>It is also possible for a client to send multiple "session setup" +requests. When the server responds it gives the client a "uid" to use as an authentication tag for that username/password. The client can maintain multiple authentication contexts in this way (WinDD is an -example of an application that does this) -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2810322"></a>Share Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -Ok, now for share level security. In share level security the client +example of an application that does this)</P +><P +>Ok, now for share level security. In share level security the client authenticates itself separately for each share. It will send a -password along with each "tree connection" (share mount). It does not +password along with each "tree connection" (share mount). It does not explicitly send a username with this operation. The client is expecting a password to be associated with each share, independent of the user. This means that samba has to work out what username the @@ -44,169 +127,108 @@ client probably wants to use. It is never explicitly sent the username. Some commercial SMB servers such as NT actually associate passwords directly with shares in share level security, but samba always uses the unix authentication scheme where it is a -username/password that is authenticated, not a "share/password". -</p><p> -Many clients send a "session setup" even if the server is in share +username/password that is authenticated, not a "share/password".</P +><P +>Many clients send a "session setup" even if the server is in share level security. They normally send a valid username but no -password. Samba records this username in a list of "possible -usernames". When the client then does a "tree connection" it also adds +password. Samba records this username in a list of "possible +usernames". When the client then does a "tree connection" it also adds to this list the name of the share they try to connect to (useful for -home directories) and any users listed in the <b>user =</b> <tt>smb.conf</tt> -line. The password is then checked in turn against these "possible -usernames". If a match is found then the client is authenticated as -that user. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2812328"></a>Server Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -Finally "server level" security. In server level security the samba +home directories) and any users listed in the "user =" smb.conf +line. The password is then checked in turn against these "possible +usernames". If a match is found then the client is authenticated as +that user.</P +><P +>Finally "server level" security. In server level security the samba server reports to the client that it is in user level security. The -client then does a "session setup" as described earlier. The samba +client then does a "session setup" as described earlier. The samba server takes the username/password that the client sends and attempts -to login to the "password server" by sending exactly the same +to login to the "password server" by sending exactly the same username/password that it got from the client. If that server is in user level security and accepts the password then samba accepts the clients connection. This allows the samba server to use another SMB -server as the "password server". -</p><p> -You should also note that at the very start of all this, where the +server as the "password server". </P +><P +>You should also note that at the very start of all this, where the server tells the client what security level it is in, it also tells the client if it supports encryption. If it does then it supplies the -client with a random "cryptkey". The client will then send all +client with a random "cryptkey". The client will then send all passwords in encrypted form. You have to compile samba with encryption enabled to support this feature, and you have to maintain a separate smbpasswd file with SMB style encrypted passwords. It is cryptographically impossible to translate from unix style encryption to SMB style encryption, although there are some fairly simple management -schemes by which the two could be kept in sync. -</p><p> -"security = server" means that Samba reports to clients that -it is running in "user mode" but actually passes off all authentication -requests to another "user mode" server. This requires an additional -parameter "password server =" that points to the real authentication server. +schemes by which the two could be kept in sync.</P +><P +>"security = server" means that Samba reports to clients that +it is running in "user mode" but actually passes off all authentication +requests to another "user mode" server. This requires an additional +parameter "password server =" that points to the real authentication server. That real authentication server can be another Samba server or can be a -Windows NT server, the later natively capable of encrypted password support. -</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> -<span class="emphasis"><em>Server</em></span> level security is incompatible with what is known -as <span class="emphasis"><em>schannel</em></span> or "sign and seal" protocols. This means that -if you want to use <span class="emphasis"><em>server</em></span> level security you must disable -the use of "sign and seal" on all machines on your network. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876754"></a>Configuring Samba for Seemless Windows Network Integration</h4></div></div><p> -MS Windows clients may use encrypted passwords as part of a challenege/response -authentication model (a.k.a. NTLMv1) or alone, or clear text strings for simple -password based authentication. It should be realized that with the SMB protocol -the password is passed over the network either in plain text or encrypted, but -not both in the same authentication request. -</p><p> -When encrypted passwords are used a password that has been entered by the user -is encrypted in two ways: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>An MD4 hash of the UNICODE of the password - string. This is known as the NT hash. - </p></li><li><p>The password is converted to upper case, - and then padded or trucated to 14 bytes. This string is - then appended with 5 bytes of NULL characters and split to - form two 56 bit DES keys to encrypt a "magic" 8 byte value. - The resulting 16 bytes for the LanMan hash. - </p></li></ul></div><p> -MS Windows 95 pre-service pack 1, MS Windows NT versions 3.x and version 4.0 -pre-service pack 3 will use either mode of password authentication. All -versions of MS Windows that follow these versions no longer support plain -text passwords by default. -</p><p> -MS Windows clients have a habit of dropping network mappings that have been idle -for 10 minutes or longer. When the user attempts to use the mapped drive -connection that has been dropped, the client re-establishes the connection using -a cached copy of the password. -</p><p> -When Microsoft changed the default password mode, support was dropped for caching -of the plain text password. This means that when the registry parameter is changed -to re-enable use of plain text passwords it appears to work, but when a dropped -service connection mapping attempts to revalidate it will fail if the remote -authentication server does not support encrypted passwords. This means that it -is definitely not a good idea to re-enable plain text password support in such clients. -</p><p> -The following parameters can be used to work around the issue of Windows 9x client -upper casing usernames and password before transmitting them to the SMB server -when using clear text authentication. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDLEVEL" target="_top">passsword level</a> = <i><tt>integer</tt></i> - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#USERNAMELEVEL" target="_top">username level</a> = <i><tt>integer</tt></i> -</pre><p> -By default Samba will lower case the username before attempting to lookup the user -in the database of local system accounts. Because UNIX usernames conventionally -only contain lower case character, the <i><tt>username level</tt></i> parameter -is rarely needed. -</p><p> -However, passwords on UNIX systems often make use of mixed case characters. -This means that in order for a user on a Windows 9x client to connect to a Samba -server using clear text authentication, the <i><tt>password level</tt></i> -must be set to the maximum number of upper case letter which <span class="emphasis"><em>could</em></span> -appear is a password. Note that the server OS uses the traditional DES version -of crypt(), a <i><tt>password level</tt></i> of 8 will result in case -insensitive passwords as seen from Windows users. This will also result in longer -login times as Samba has to compute the permutations of the password string and -try them one by one until a match is located (or all combinations fail). -</p><p> -The best option to adopt is to enable support for encrypted passwords -where ever Samba is used. There are three configuration possibilities -for support of encrypted passwords: -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2876930"></a>Use MS Windows NT as an authentication server</h4></div></div><p> -This method involves the additions of the following parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - encrypt passwords = Yes - security = server - password server = "NetBIOS_name_of_PDC" -</pre><p> -There are two ways of identifying whether or not a username and -password pair was valid or not. One uses the reply information provided -as part of the authentication messaging process, the other uses -just an error code. -</p><p> -The down-side of this mode of configuration is the fact that -for security reasons Samba will send the password server a bogus -username and a bogus password and if the remote server fails to -reject the username and password pair then an alternative mode -of identification of validation is used. Where a site uses password -lock out after a certain number of failed authentication attempts -this will result in user lockouts. -</p><p> -Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be -a standard Unix account for the user, this account can be blocked -to prevent logons by other than MS Windows clients. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2876991"></a>Domain Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -When samba is operating in <span class="emphasis"><em>security = domain</em></span> mode this means that -the Samba server has a domain security trust account (a machine account) and will cause -all authentication requests to be passed through to the domain controllers. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2877011"></a>Samba as a member of an MS Windows NT security domain</h4></div></div><p> -This method involves addition of the following parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - encrypt passwords = Yes - security = domain - workgroup = "name of NT domain" - password server = * -</pre><p> -The use of the "*" argument to <b>password server</b> will cause samba to locate the -domain controller in a way analogous to the way this is done within MS Windows NT. -This is the default behaviour. -</p><p> -In order for this method to work the Samba server needs to join the -MS Windows NT security domain. This is done as follows: -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>On the MS Windows NT domain controller using - the Server Manager add a machine account for the Samba server. - </p></li><li><p>Next, on the Linux system execute: - <b>smbpasswd -r PDC_NAME -j DOMAIN_NAME</b> (samba 2.x) - - <b>net join -U administrator%password</b> (samba-3) - </p></li></ul></div><p> -Use of this mode of authentication does require there to be a standard Unix account -for the user in order to assign a uid once the account has been authenticated by -the remote Windows DC. This account can be blocked to prevent logons by clients other than -MS Windows through things such as setting an invalid shell in the -<tt>/etc/passwd</tt> entry. -</p><p> -An alternative to assigning UIDs to Windows users on a Samba member server is -presented in the <a href="winbind.html" title="Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind">Winbind Overview</a> chapter -in this HOWTO collection. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2877129"></a>ADS Level Security</h3></div></div><p> -For information about the configuration option please refer to the entire section entitled -<span class="emphasis"><em>Samba as an ADS Domain Member.</em></span> -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="ServerType.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="type.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="samba-pdc.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 3. Nomenclature of Server Types </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 5. -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +Windows NT server, the later natively capable of encrypted password support.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Type of installation</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="type.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/servertype.html b/docs/htmldocs/servertype.html deleted file mode 100644 index 42a7604797..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/servertype.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,368 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Nomenclature of Server Types</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Type of installation" -HREF="type.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Type of installation" -HREF="type.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Samba as Stand-Alone Server" -HREF="securitylevels.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="type.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="securitylevels.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="SERVERTYPE" -></A ->Chapter 5. Nomenclature of Server Types</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->5.1. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN846" ->Stand Alone Server</A -></DT -><DT ->5.2. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN853" ->Domain Member Server</A -></DT -><DT ->5.3. <A -HREF="servertype.html#AEN859" ->Domain Controller</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><P ->Adminstrators of Microsoft networks often refer to there being three -different type of servers:</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->Stand Alone Server</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Domain Member Server</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Domain Controller</P -><P -></P -><UL -><LI -><P ->Primary Domain Controller</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->Backup Domain Controller</P -></LI -><LI -><P ->ADS Domain Controller</P -></LI -></UL -></LI -></UL -><P ->A network administrator who is familiar with these terms and who -wishes to migrate to or use Samba will want to know what these terms mean -within a Samba context.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN846" ->5.1. Stand Alone Server</A -></H1 -><P ->The term <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->stand alone server</I -></SPAN -> means that the server -will provide local authentication and access control for all resources -that are available from it. In general this means that there will be a -local user database. In more technical terms, it means that resources -on the machine will either be made available in either SHARE mode or in -USER mode. SHARE mode and USER mode security are documented under -discussions regarding "security mode". The smb.conf configuration parameters -that control security mode are: "security = user" and "security = share".</P -><P ->No special action is needed other than to create user accounts. Stand-alone -servers do NOT provide network logon services, meaning that machines that -use this server do NOT perform a domain logon but instead make use only of -the MS Windows logon which is local to the MS Windows workstation/server.</P -><P ->Samba tends to blur the distinction a little in respect of what is -a stand alone server. This is because the authentication database may be -local or on a remote server, even if from the samba protocol perspective -the samba server is NOT a member of a domain security context.</P -><P ->Through the use of PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) and nsswitch -(the name service switcher) the source of authentication may reside on -another server. We would be inclined to call this the authentication server. -This means that the samba server may use the local Unix/Linux system -password database (/etc/passwd or /etc/shadow), may use a local smbpasswd -file (/etc/samba/smbpasswd or /usr/local/samba/lib/private/smbpasswd), or -may use an LDAP back end, or even via PAM and Winbind another CIFS/SMB -server for authentication.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN853" ->5.2. Domain Member Server</A -></H1 -><P ->This mode of server operation involves the samba machine being made a member -of a domain security context. This means by definition that all user authentication -will be done from a centrally defined authentication regime. The authentication -regime may come from an NT3/4 style (old domain technology) server, or it may be -provided from an Active Directory server (ADS) running on MS Windows 2000 or later.</P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Of course it should be clear that the authentication back end itself could be from any -distributed directory architecture server that is supported by Samba. This can be -LDAP (from OpenLDAP), or Sun's iPlanet, of NetWare Directory Server, etc.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P ->Please refer to the section on Howto configure Samba as a Primary Domain Controller -and for more information regarding how to create a domain machine account for a -domain member server as well as for information regading how to enable the samba -domain member machine to join the domain and to be fully trusted by it.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN859" ->5.3. Domain Controller</A -></H1 -><P ->Over the years public perceptions of what Domain Control really is has taken on an -almost mystical nature. Before we branch into a brief overview of what Domain Control -is the following types of controller are known:</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN862" ->5.3.1. Domain Controller Types</A -></H2 -><P -></P -><TABLE -BORDER="0" -><TBODY -><TR -><TD ->Primary Domain Controller</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->Backup Domain Controller</TD -></TR -><TR -><TD ->ADS Domain Controller</TD -></TR -></TBODY -></TABLE -><P -></P -><P ->The <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Primary Domain Controller</I -></SPAN -> or PDC plays an important role in the MS -Windows NT3 and NT4 Domain Control architecture, but not in the manner that so many -expect. The PDC seeds the Domain Control database (a part of the Windows registry) and -it plays a key part in synchronisation of the domain authentication database. </P -><P ->New to Samba-3.0.0 is the ability to use a back-end file that holds the same type of data as -the NT4 style SAM (Security Account Manager) database (one of the registry files). -The samba-3.0.0 SAM can be specified via the smb.conf file parameter "passwd backend" and -valid options include <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" -> smbpasswd tdbsam ldapsam nisplussam plugin unixsam</I -></SPAN ->. -The smbpasswd, tdbsam and ldapsam options can have a "_nua" suffix to indicate that No Unix -Accounts need to be created. In other words, the Samba SAM will be independant of Unix/Linux -system accounts, provided a uid range is defined from which SAM accounts can be created.</P -><P ->The <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->Backup Domain Controller</I -></SPAN -> or BDC plays a key role in servicing network -authentication requests. The BDC is biased to answer logon requests so that on a network segment -that has a BDC and a PDC the BDC will be most likely to service network logon requests. The PDC will -answer network logon requests when the BDC is too busy (high load). A BDC can be promoted to -a PDC. If the PDC is on line at the time that the BDC is promoted to PDC the previous PDC is -automatically demoted to a BDC.</P -><P ->At this time Samba is NOT capable of acting as an <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->ADS Domain Controller</I -></SPAN ->.</P -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="type.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="securitylevels.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Type of installation</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="type.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Samba as Stand-Alone Server</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smb.conf.5.html b/docs/htmldocs/smb.conf.5.html index 3a54a894ac..4f02951a9c 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smb.conf.5.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smb.conf.5.html @@ -1,3103 +1,19776 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smb.conf</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smb.conf.5"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smb.conf — The configuration file for the Samba suite</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SYNOPSIS</h2><p>The <tt>smb.conf</tt> file is a configuration - file for the Samba suite. <tt>smb.conf</tt> contains - runtime configuration information for the Samba programs. The <tt>smb.conf</tt> file - is designed to be configured and administered by the <a href="swat.8.html">swat(8)</a> program. The complete - description of the file format and possible parameters held within - are here for reference purposes.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="FILEFORMATSECT"></a><h2>FILE FORMAT</h2><p>The file consists of sections and parameters. A section +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smb.conf</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMB.CONF">smb.conf</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smb.conf -- The configuration file for the Samba suite</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>SYNOPSIS</H2 +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file is a configuration + file for the Samba suite. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> contains + runtime configuration information for the Samba programs. The + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file is designed to be configured and + administered by the <A +HREF="swat.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat(8)</B +> + </A +> program. The complete description of the file format and + possible parameters held within are here for reference purposes.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN16" +></A +><H2 +>FILE FORMAT</H2 +><P +>The file consists of sections and parameters. A section begins with the name of the section in square brackets and continues until the next section begins. Sections contain parameters of the - form</p><p><i><tt>name</tt></i> = <i><tt>value - </tt></i></p><p>The file is line-based - that is, each newline-terminated - line represents either a comment, a section name or a parameter.</p><p>Section and parameter names are not case sensitive.</p><p>Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. + form</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>name</I +></TT +> = <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>value + </I +></TT +></P +><P +>The file is line-based - that is, each newline-terminated + line represents either a comment, a section name or a parameter.</P +><P +>Section and parameter names are not case sensitive.</P +><P +>Only the first equals sign in a parameter is significant. Whitespace before or after the first equals sign is discarded. Leading, trailing and internal whitespace in section and parameter names is irrelevant. Leading and trailing whitespace in a parameter value is discarded. Internal whitespace within a parameter value - is retained verbatim.</p><p>Any line beginning with a semicolon (';') or a hash ('#') - character is ignored, as are lines containing only whitespace.</p><p>Any line ending in a '\' is continued - on the next line in the customary UNIX fashion.</p><p>The values following the equals sign in parameters are all + is retained verbatim.</P +><P +>Any line beginning with a semicolon (';') or a hash ('#') + character is ignored, as are lines containing only whitespace.</P +><P +>Any line ending in a '\' is continued + on the next line in the customary UNIX fashion.</P +><P +>The values following the equals sign in parameters are all either a string (no quotes needed) or a boolean, which may be given as yes/no, 0/1 or true/false. Case is not significant in boolean values, but is preserved in string values. Some items such as - create modes are numeric.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SECTION DESCRIPTIONS</h2><p>Each section in the configuration file (except for the + create modes are numeric.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN28" +></A +><H2 +>SECTION DESCRIPTIONS</H2 +><P +>Each section in the configuration file (except for the [global] section) describes a shared resource (known - as a "share"). The section name is the name of the + as a "share"). The section name is the name of the shared resource and the parameters within the section define - the shares attributes.</p><p>There are three special sections, [global], + the shares attributes.</P +><P +>There are three special sections, [global], [homes] and [printers], which are - described under <span class="emphasis"><em>special sections</em></span>. The - following notes apply to ordinary section descriptions.</p><p>A share consists of a directory to which access is being + described under <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>special sections</I +>. The + following notes apply to ordinary section descriptions.</P +><P +>A share consists of a directory to which access is being given plus a description of the access rights which are granted to the user of the service. Some housekeeping options are - also specifiable.</p><p>Sections are either file share services (used by the + also specifiable.</P +><P +>Sections are either file share services (used by the client as an extension of their native file systems) or printable services (used by the client to access print services - on the host running the server).</p><p>Sections may be designated <span class="emphasis"><em>guest</em></span> services, + on the host running the server).</P +><P +>Sections may be designated <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>guest</I +> services, in which case no password is required to access them. A specified - UNIX <span class="emphasis"><em>guest account</em></span> is used to define access - privileges in this case.</p><p>Sections other than guest services will require a password + UNIX <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>guest account</I +> is used to define access + privileges in this case.</P +><P +>Sections other than guest services will require a password to access them. The client provides the username. As older clients only provide passwords and not usernames, you may specify a list - of usernames to check against the password using the "user =" + of usernames to check against the password using the "user =" option in the share definition. For modern clients such as - Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this should not be necessary.</p><p>Note that the access rights granted by the server are + Windows 95/98/ME/NT/2000, this should not be necessary.</P +><P +>Note that the access rights granted by the server are masked by the access rights granted to the specified or guest UNIX user by the host system. The server does not grant more - access than the host system grants.</p><p>The following sample section defines a file space share. - The user has write access to the path <tt>/home/bar</tt>. - The share is accessed via the share name "foo":</p><pre class="screen"> -<tt> -[foo] - path = /home/bar - read only = no -</tt> -</pre><p>The following sample section defines a printable share. + access than the host system grants.</P +><P +>The following sample section defines a file space share. + The user has write access to the path <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/home/bar</TT +>. + The share is accessed via the share name "foo":</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +> <TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +> [foo] + path = /home/bar + read only = no + </TT +> + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><P +>The following sample section defines a printable share. The share is readonly, but printable. That is, the only write access permitted is via calls to open, write to and close a - spool file. The <span class="emphasis"><em>guest ok</em></span> parameter means + spool file. The <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>guest ok</I +> parameter means access will be permitted as the default guest user (specified - elsewhere):</p><pre class="screen"> -<tt> -[aprinter] - path = /usr/spool/public - read only = yes - printable = yes - guest ok = yes -</tt> -</pre></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SPECIAL SECTIONS</h2><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>The [global] section</h3><p>parameters in this section apply to the server + elsewhere):</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +> <TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +> [aprinter] + path = /usr/spool/public + read only = yes + printable = yes + guest ok = yes + </TT +> + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN48" +></A +><H2 +>SPECIAL SECTIONS</H2 +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN50" +></A +><H3 +>The [global] section</H3 +><P +>parameters in this section apply to the server as a whole, or are defaults for sections which do not specifically define certain items. See the notes - under PARAMETERS for more information.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><a name="HOMESECT"></a><h3>The [homes] section</h3><p>If a section called homes is included in the + under PARAMETERS for more information.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN53" +></A +><H3 +>The [homes] section</H3 +><P +>If a section called homes is included in the configuration file, services connecting clients to their - home directories can be created on the fly by the server.</p><p>When the connection request is made, the existing + home directories can be created on the fly by the server.</P +><P +>When the connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, the requested section name is treated as a user name and looked up in the local password file. If the name exists and the correct password has been given, a share is - created by cloning the [homes] section.</p><p>Some modifications are then made to the newly - created share:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The share name is changed from homes to - the located username.</p></li><li><p>If no path was given, the path is set to - the user's home directory.</p></li></ul></div><p>If you decide to use a <span class="emphasis"><em>path =</em></span> line + created by cloning the [homes] section.</P +><P +>Some modifications are then made to the newly + created share:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The share name is changed from homes to + the located username.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If no path was given, the path is set to + the user's home directory.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>If you decide to use a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>path =</I +> line in your [homes] section then you may find it useful - to use the %S macro. For example :</p><p><b><tt>path = /data/pchome/%S</tt></b></p><p>would be useful if you have different home directories - for your PCs than for UNIX access.</p><p>This is a fast and simple way to give a large number + to use the %S macro. For example :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>path = /data/pchome/%S</B +></TT +></P +><P +>would be useful if you have different home directories + for your PCs than for UNIX access.</P +><P +>This is a fast and simple way to give a large number of clients access to their home directories with a minimum - of fuss.</p><p>A similar process occurs if the requested section - name is "homes", except that the share name is not + of fuss.</P +><P +>A similar process occurs if the requested section + name is "homes", except that the share name is not changed to that of the requesting user. This method of using the [homes] section works well if different users share - a client PC.</p><p>The [homes] section can specify all the parameters + a client PC.</P +><P +>The [homes] section can specify all the parameters a normal service section can specify, though some make more sense than others. The following is a typical and suitable [homes] - section:</p><pre class="screen"> -<tt> -[homes] - read only = no -</tt> -</pre><p>An important point is that if guest access is specified + section:</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +> <TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +> [homes] + read only = no + </TT +> + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><P +>An important point is that if guest access is specified in the [homes] section, all home directories will be - visible to all clients <span class="emphasis"><em>without a password</em></span>. + visible to all clients <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>without a password</I +>. In the very unlikely event that this is actually desirable, it - would be wise to also specify <span class="emphasis"><em>read only - access</em></span>.</p><p>Note that the <span class="emphasis"><em>browseable</em></span> flag for + would be wise to also specify <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>read only + access</I +>.</P +><P +>Note that the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>browseable</I +> flag for auto home directories will be inherited from the global browseable flag, not the [homes] browseable flag. This is useful as - it means setting <span class="emphasis"><em>browseable = no</em></span> in + it means setting <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>browseable = no</I +> in the [homes] section will hide the [homes] share but make - any auto home directories visible.</p></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><a name="PRINTERSSECT"></a><h3>The [printers] section</h3><p>This section works like [homes], - but for printers.</p><p>If a [printers] section occurs in the + any auto home directories visible.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN79" +></A +><H3 +>The [printers] section</H3 +><P +>This section works like [homes], + but for printers.</P +><P +>If a [printers] section occurs in the configuration file, users are able to connect to any printer - specified in the local host's printcap file.</p><p>When a connection request is made, the existing sections + specified in the local host's printcap file.</P +><P +>When a connection request is made, the existing sections are scanned. If a match is found, it is used. If no match is found, but a [homes] section exists, it is used as described above. Otherwise, the requested section name is treated as a printer name and the appropriate printcap file is scanned to see if the requested section name is a valid printer share name. If a match is found, a new printer share is created by cloning - the [printers] section.</p><p>A few modifications are then made to the newly created - share:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The share name is set to the located printer - name</p></li><li><p>If no printer name was given, the printer name - is set to the located printer name</p></li><li><p>If the share does not permit guest access and + the [printers] section.</P +><P +>A few modifications are then made to the newly created + share:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The share name is set to the located printer + name</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If no printer name was given, the printer name + is set to the located printer name</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If the share does not permit guest access and no username was given, the username is set to the located - printer name.</p></li></ul></div><p>Note that the [printers] service MUST be + printer name.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Note that the [printers] service MUST be printable - if you specify otherwise, the server will refuse - to load the configuration file.</p><p>Typically the path specified would be that of a + to load the configuration file.</P +><P +>Typically the path specified would be that of a world-writeable spool directory with the sticky bit set on it. A typical [printers] entry would look like - this:</p><pre class="screen"><tt> -[printers] - path = /usr/spool/public - guest ok = yes - printable = yes -</tt></pre><p>All aliases given for a printer in the printcap file + this:</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +><TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +> [printers] + path = /usr/spool/public + guest ok = yes + printable = yes + </TT +></PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><P +>All aliases given for a printer in the printcap file are legitimate printer names as far as the server is concerned. If your printing subsystem doesn't work like that, you will have to set up a pseudo-printcap. This is a file consisting of one or - more lines like this:</p><pre class="screen"> -<tt> -alias|alias|alias|alias... -</tt> -</pre><p>Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for + more lines like this:</P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="SCREEN" +> <TT +CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT" +> alias|alias|alias|alias... + </TT +> + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><P +>Each alias should be an acceptable printer name for your printing subsystem. In the [global] section, specify the new file as your printcap. The server will then only recognize names found in your pseudo-printcap, which of course can contain whatever aliases you like. The same technique could be used - simply to limit access to a subset of your local printers.</p><p>An alias, by the way, is defined as any component of the + simply to limit access to a subset of your local printers.</P +><P +>An alias, by the way, is defined as any component of the first entry of a printcap record. Records are separated by newlines, components (if there are more than one) are separated by vertical - bar symbols ('|').</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine what + bar symbols ('|').</P +><P +>NOTE: On SYSV systems which use lpstat to determine what printers are defined on the system you may be able to use - "printcap name = lpstat" to automatically obtain a list - of printers. See the "printcap name" option - for more details.</p></div></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>PARAMETERS</h2><p>parameters define the specific attributes of sections.</p><p>Some parameters are specific to the [global] section - (e.g., <span class="emphasis"><em>security</em></span>). Some parameters are usable - in all sections (e.g., <span class="emphasis"><em>create mode</em></span>). All others + "printcap name = lpstat" to automatically obtain a list + of printers. See the "printcap name" option + for more details.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN102" +></A +><H2 +>PARAMETERS</H2 +><P +>parameters define the specific attributes of sections.</P +><P +>Some parameters are specific to the [global] section + (e.g., <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>security</I +>). Some parameters are usable + in all sections (e.g., <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>create mode</I +>). All others are permissible only in normal sections. For the purposes of the following descriptions the [homes] and [printers] - sections will be considered normal. The letter <span class="emphasis"><em>G</em></span> + sections will be considered normal. The letter <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>G</I +> in parentheses indicates that a parameter is specific to the - [global] section. The letter <span class="emphasis"><em>S</em></span> + [global] section. The letter <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>S</I +> indicates that a parameter can be specified in a service specific - section. Note that all <span class="emphasis"><em>S</em></span> parameters can also be specified in + section. Note that all <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>S</I +> parameters can also be specified in the [global] section - in which case they will define - the default behavior for all services.</p><p>parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may + the default behavior for all services.</P +><P +>parameters are arranged here in alphabetical order - this may not create best bedfellows, but at least you can find them! Where there are synonyms, the preferred synonym is described, others refer - to the preferred synonym.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS</h2><p>Many of the strings that are settable in the config file - can take substitutions. For example the option "path = - /tmp/%u" would be interpreted as "path = - /tmp/john" if the user connected with the username john.</p><p>These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, + to the preferred synonym.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN112" +></A +><H2 +>VARIABLE SUBSTITUTIONS</H2 +><P +>Many of the strings that are settable in the config file + can take substitutions. For example the option "path = + /tmp/%u" would be interpreted as "path = + /tmp/john" if the user connected with the username john.</P +><P +>These substitutions are mostly noted in the descriptions below, but there are some general substitutions which apply whenever they - might be relevant. These are:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">%U</span></dt><dd><p>session user name (the user name that the client - wanted, not necessarily the same as the one they got).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%G</span></dt><dd><p>primary group name of %U.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%h</span></dt><dd><p>the Internet hostname that Samba is running - on.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%m</span></dt><dd><p>the NetBIOS name of the client machine - (very useful).</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%L</span></dt><dd><p>the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows you + might be relevant. These are:</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>%U</DT +><DD +><P +>session user name (the user name that the client + wanted, not necessarily the same as the one they got).</P +></DD +><DT +>%G</DT +><DD +><P +>primary group name of %U.</P +></DD +><DT +>%h</DT +><DD +><P +>the Internet hostname that Samba is running + on.</P +></DD +><DT +>%m</DT +><DD +><P +>the NetBIOS name of the client machine + (very useful).</P +></DD +><DT +>%L</DT +><DD +><P +>the NetBIOS name of the server. This allows you to change your config based on what the client calls you. Your - server can have a "dual personality".</p><p>Note that this parameter is not available when Samba listens - on port 445, as clients no longer send this information </p></dd><dt><span class="term">%M</span></dt><dd><p>the Internet name of the client machine. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">%R</span></dt><dd><p>the selected protocol level after + server can have a "dual personality".</P +><P +>Note that this parameter is not available when Samba listens + on port 445, as clients no longer send this information </P +></DD +><DT +>%M</DT +><DD +><P +>the Internet name of the client machine. + </P +></DD +><DT +>%R</DT +><DD +><P +>the selected protocol level after protocol negotiation. It can be one of CORE, COREPLUS, - LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%d</span></dt><dd><p>The process id of the current server - process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%a</span></dt><dd><p>the architecture of the remote + LANMAN1, LANMAN2 or NT1.</P +></DD +><DT +>%d</DT +><DD +><P +>The process id of the current server + process.</P +></DD +><DT +>%a</DT +><DD +><P +>the architecture of the remote machine. Only some are recognized, and those may not be 100% reliable. It currently recognizes Samba, WfWg, Win95, WinNT and Win2k. Anything else will be known as - "UNKNOWN". If it gets it wrong then sending a level - 3 log to <a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">samba@samba.org - </a> should allow it to be fixed.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%I</span></dt><dd><p>The IP address of the client machine.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%T</span></dt><dd><p>the current date and time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%D</span></dt><dd><p>Name of the domain or workgroup of the current user.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%$(<i><tt>envvar</tt></i>)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the environment variable - <i><tt>envar</tt></i>.</p></dd></dl></div><p>The following substitutes apply only to some configuration options(only those - that are used when a connection has been established):</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">%S</span></dt><dd><p>the name of the current service, if any.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%P</span></dt><dd><p>the root directory of the current service, - if any.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%u</span></dt><dd><p>user name of the current service, if any.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%g</span></dt><dd><p>primary group name of %u.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%H</span></dt><dd><p>the home directory of the user given - by %u.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%N</span></dt><dd><p>the name of your NIS home directory server. + "UNKNOWN". If it gets it wrong then sending a level + 3 log to <A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>samba@samba.org + </A +> should allow it to be fixed.</P +></DD +><DT +>%I</DT +><DD +><P +>The IP address of the client machine.</P +></DD +><DT +>%T</DT +><DD +><P +>the current date and time.</P +></DD +><DT +>%D</DT +><DD +><P +>Name of the domain or workgroup of the current user.</P +></DD +><DT +>%$(<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>envvar</I +></TT +>)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the environment variable + <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>envar</I +></TT +>.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>The following substitutes apply only to some configuration options(only those + that are used when a connection has been established):</P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>%S</DT +><DD +><P +>the name of the current service, if any.</P +></DD +><DT +>%P</DT +><DD +><P +>the root directory of the current service, + if any.</P +></DD +><DT +>%u</DT +><DD +><P +>user name of the current service, if any.</P +></DD +><DT +>%g</DT +><DD +><P +>primary group name of %u.</P +></DD +><DT +>%H</DT +><DD +><P +>the home directory of the user given + by %u.</P +></DD +><DT +>%N</DT +><DD +><P +>the name of your NIS home directory server. This is obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. If you have - not compiled Samba with the <span class="emphasis"><em>--with-automount</em></span> - option then this value will be the same as %L.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">%p</span></dt><dd><p>the path of the service's home directory, + not compiled Samba with the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>--with-automount</I +> + option then this value will be the same as %L.</P +></DD +><DT +>%p</DT +><DD +><P +>the path of the service's home directory, obtained from your NIS auto.map entry. The NIS auto.map entry - is split up as "%N:%p".</p></dd></dl></div><p>There are some quite creative things that can be done - with these substitutions and other smb.conf options.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="NAMEMANGLINGSECT"></a><h2>NAME MANGLING</h2><p>Samba supports "name mangling" so that DOS and + is split up as "%N:%p".</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>There are some quite creative things that can be done + with these substitutions and other smb.conf options.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN205" +></A +><H2 +>NAME MANGLING</H2 +><P +>Samba supports "name mangling" so that DOS and Windows clients can use files that don't conform to the 8.3 format. - It can also be set to adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames.</p><p>There are several options that control the way mangling is + It can also be set to adjust the case of 8.3 format filenames.</P +><P +>There are several options that control the way mangling is performed, and they are grouped here rather than listed separately. - For the defaults look at the output of the testparm program. </p><p>All of these options can be set separately for each service - (or globally, of course). </p><p>The options are: </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">mangle case = yes/no</span></dt><dd><p> controls if names that have characters that - aren't of the "default" case are mangled. For example, - if this is yes then a name like "Mail" would be mangled. - Default <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">case sensitive = yes/no</span></dt><dd><p>controls whether filenames are case sensitive. If + For the defaults look at the output of the testparm program. </P +><P +>All of these options can be set separately for each service + (or globally, of course). </P +><P +>The options are: </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>mangle case = yes/no</DT +><DD +><P +> controls if names that have characters that + aren't of the "default" case are mangled. For example, + if this is yes then a name like "Mail" would be mangled. + Default <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no</I +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>case sensitive = yes/no</DT +><DD +><P +>controls whether filenames are case sensitive. If they aren't then Samba must do a filename search and match on passed - names. Default <span class="emphasis"><em>no</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">default case = upper/lower</span></dt><dd><p>controls what the default case is for new - filenames. Default <span class="emphasis"><em>lower</em></span>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">preserve case = yes/no</span></dt><dd><p>controls if new files are created with the + names. Default <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no</I +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>default case = upper/lower</DT +><DD +><P +>controls what the default case is for new + filenames. Default <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>lower</I +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>preserve case = yes/no</DT +><DD +><P +>controls if new files are created with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to be the - "default" case. Default <span class="emphasis"><em>yes</em></span>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">short preserve case = yes/no</span></dt><dd><p>controls if new files which conform to 8.3 syntax, + "default" case. Default <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>yes</I +>. + </P +></DD +><DT +>short preserve case = yes/no</DT +><DD +><P +>controls if new files which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of suitable length, are created - upper case, or if they are forced to be the "default" - case. This option can be use with "preserve case = yes" + upper case, or if they are forced to be the "default" + case. This option can be use with "preserve case = yes" to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short names - are lowercased. Default <span class="emphasis"><em>yes</em></span>.</p></dd></dl></div><p>By default, Samba 3.0 has the same semantics as a Windows - NT server, in that it is case insensitive but case preserving.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><a name="VALIDATIONSECT"></a><h2>NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</h2><p>There are a number of ways in which a user can connect + are lowercased. Default <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>yes</I +>.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>By default, Samba 3.0 has the same semantics as a Windows + NT server, in that it is case insensitive but case preserving.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN238" +></A +><H2 +>NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</H2 +><P +>There are a number of ways in which a user can connect to a service. The server uses the following steps in determining if it will allow a connection to a specified service. If all the steps fail, then the connection request is rejected. However, if one of the - steps succeeds, then the following steps are not checked.</p><p>If the service is marked "guest only = yes" and the - server is running with share-level security ("security = share") - then steps 1 to 5 are skipped.</p><div class="orderedlist"><ol type="1"><li><p>If the client has passed a username/password + steps succeeds, then the following steps are not checked.</P +><P +>If the service is marked "guest only = yes" and the + server is running with share-level security ("security = share") + then steps 1 to 5 are skipped.</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>If the client has passed a username/password pair and that username/password pair is validated by the UNIX system's password programs then the connection is made as that username. Note that this includes the - \\server\service%<i><tt>username</tt></i> method of passing - a username.</p></li><li><p>If the client has previously registered a username + \\server\service%<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>username</I +></TT +> method of passing + a username.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If the client has previously registered a username with the system and now supplies a correct password for that - username then the connection is allowed.</p></li><li><p>The client's NetBIOS name and any previously + username then the connection is allowed.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The client's NetBIOS name and any previously used user names are checked against the supplied password, if they match then the connection is allowed as the corresponding - user.</p></li><li><p>If the client has previously validated a + user.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If the client has previously validated a username/password pair with the server and the client has passed - the validation token then that username is used. </p></li><li><p>If a "user = " field is given in the - <tt>smb.conf</tt> file for the service and the client + the validation token then that username is used. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If a "user = " field is given in the + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file for the service and the client has supplied a password, and that password matches (according to the UNIX system's password checking) with one of the usernames - from the "user =" field then the connection is made as - the username in the "user =" line. If one - of the username in the "user =" list begins with a + from the "user =" field then the connection is made as + the username in the "user =" line. If one + of the username in the "user =" list begins with a '@' then that name expands to a list of names in - the group of the same name.</p></li><li><p>If the service is a guest service then a - connection is made as the username given in the "guest - account =" for the service, irrespective of the - supplied password.</p></li></ol></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMPLETE LIST OF GLOBAL PARAMETERS</h2><p>Here is a list of all global parameters. See the section of - each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="#ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT"><i><tt>abort shutdown script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDGROUPSCRIPT"><i><tt>add group script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDMACHINESCRIPT"><i><tt>add machine script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt>addprinter command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDSHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>add share command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDUSERSCRIPT"><i><tt>add user script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADDUSERTOGROUPSCRIPT"><i><tt>add user to group script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ADSSERVER"><i><tt>ads server</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ALGORITHMICRIDBASE"><i><tt>algorithmic rid base</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ALLOWTRUSTEDDOMAINS"><i><tt>allow trusted domains</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ANNOUNCEAS"><i><tt>announce as</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ANNOUNCEVERSION"><i><tt>announce version</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#AUTHMETHODS"><i><tt>auth methods</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#AUTOSERVICES"><i><tt>auto services</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BINDINTERFACESONLY"><i><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BROWSELIST"><i><tt>browse list</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CHANGENOTIFYTIMEOUT"><i><tt>change notify timeout</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>change share command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CONFIGFILE"><i><tt>config file</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEADTIME"><i><tt>dead time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEBUGHIRESTIMESTAMP"><i><tt>debug hires timestamp</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEBUGLEVEL"><i><tt>debug level</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEBUGPID"><i><tt>debug pid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><i><tt>debug timestamp</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEBUGUID"><i><tt>debug uid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEFAULTSERVICE"><i><tt>default service</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEFAULT"><i><tt>default</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEGROUPSCRIPT"><i><tt>delete group script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>delete share command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEUSERFROMGROUPSCRIPT"><i><tt>delete user from group script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEUSERSCRIPT"><i><tt>delete user script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DFREECOMMAND"><i><tt>dfree command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DISABLENETBIOS"><i><tt>disable netbios</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DISABLESPOOLSS"><i><tt>disable spoolss</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DISPLAYCHARSET"><i><tt>display charset</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DNSPROXY"><i><tt>dns proxy</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOMAINLOGONS"><i><tt>domain logons</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOMAINMASTER"><i><tt>domain master</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOSCHARSET"><i><tt>dos charset</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"><i><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ENHANCEDBROWSING"><i><tt>enhanced browsing</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ENUMPORTSCOMMAND"><i><tt>enumports command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GETWDCACHE"><i><tt>getwd cache</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"><i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDELOCALUSERS"><i><tt>hide local users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOMEDIRMAP"><i><tt>homedir map</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOSTMSDFS"><i><tt>host msdfs</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOSTNAMELOOKUPS"><i><tt>hostname lookups</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOSTSEQUIV"><i><tt>hosts equiv</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#INCLUDE"><i><tt>include</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#INTERFACES"><i><tt>interfaces</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#KEEPALIVE"><i><tt>keepalive</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#KERNELOPLOCKS"><i><tt>kernel oplocks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LANMANAUTH"><i><tt>lanman auth</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LARGEREADWRITE"><i><tt>large readwrite</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPADMINDN"><i><tt>ldap admin dn</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPDELETEDN"><i><tt>ldap delete dn</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPFILTER"><i><tt>ldap filter</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPMACHINESUFFIX"><i><tt>ldap machine suffix</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPPASSWDSYNC"><i><tt>ldap passwd sync</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPPORT"><i><tt>ldap port</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPSERVER"><i><tt>ldap server</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPSSL"><i><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPSUFFIX"><i><tt>ldap suffix</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPTRUSTIDS"><i><tt>ldap trust ids</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LDAPUSERSUFFIX"><i><tt>ldap user suffix</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LMANNOUNCE"><i><tt>lm announce</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LMINTERVAL"><i><tt>lm interval</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOADPRINTERS"><i><tt>load printers</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCALMASTER"><i><tt>local master</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCKDIRECTORY"><i><tt>lock directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCKDIR"><i><tt>lock dir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCKSPINCOUNT"><i><tt>lock spin count</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCKSPINTIME"><i><tt>lock spin time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGFILE"><i><tt>log file</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGLEVEL"><i><tt>log level</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGONDRIVE"><i><tt>logon drive</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGONHOME"><i><tt>logon home</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGONPATH"><i><tt>logon path</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOGONSCRIPT"><i><tt>logon script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LPQCACHETIME"><i><tt>lpq cache time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MACHINEPASSWORDTIMEOUT"><i><tt>machine password timeout</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLINGSTACK"><i><tt>mangling stack</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLINGPREFIX"><i><tt>mangling prefix</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLINGMETHOD"><i><tt>mangling method</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAPTOGUEST"><i><tt>map to guest</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXDISKSIZE"><i><tt>max disk size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXLOGSIZE"><i><tt>max log size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXMUX"><i><tt>max mux</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXOPENFILES"><i><tt>max open files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXPROTOCOL"><i><tt>max protocol</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXSMBDPROCESSES"><i><tt>max smbd processes</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXTTL"><i><tt>max ttl</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXWINSTTL"><i><tt>max wins ttl</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXXMIT"><i><tt>max xmit</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MESSAGECOMMAND"><i><tt>message command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MINPASSWDLENGTH"><i><tt>min passwd length</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MINPASSWORDLENGTH"><i><tt>min password length</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MINPROTOCOL"><i><tt>min protocol</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MINWINSTTL"><i><tt>min wins ttl</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NAMECACHETIMEOUT"><i><tt>name cache timeout</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NAMERESOLVEORDER"><i><tt>name resolve order</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NETBIOSALIASES"><i><tt>netbios aliases</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NETBIOSNAME"><i><tt>netbios name</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NETBIOSSCOPE"><i><tt>netbios scope</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NISHOMEDIR"><i><tt>nis homedir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE"><i><tt>non unix account range</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NTLMAUTH"><i><tt>ntlm auth</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NTPIPESUPPORT"><i><tt>nt pipe support</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NTSTATUSSUPPORT"><i><tt>nt status support</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NULLPASSWORDS"><i><tt>null passwords</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS"><i><tt>obey pam restrictions</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OPLOCKBREAKWAITTIME"><i><tt>oplock break wait time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OS2DRIVERMAP"><i><tt>os2 driver map</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OSLEVEL"><i><tt>os level</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"><i><tt>pam password change</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PANICACTION"><i><tt>panic action</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PARANOIDSERVERSECURITY"><i><tt>paranoid server security</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSDBBACKEND"><i><tt>passdb backend</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG"><i><tt>passwd chat debug</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSWDCHAT"><i><tt>passwd chat</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt>passwd program</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSWORDLEVEL"><i><tt>password level</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PASSWORDSERVER"><i><tt>password server</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PIDDIRECTORY"><i><tt>pid directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PREFEREDMASTER"><i><tt>prefered master</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PREFERREDMASTER"><i><tt>preferred master</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRELOADMODULES"><i><tt>preload modules</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRELOAD"><i><tt>preload</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTCAP"><i><tt>printcap</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRIVATEDIR"><i><tt>private dir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PROTOCOL"><i><tt>protocol</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#READBMPX"><i><tt>read bmpx</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#READRAW"><i><tt>read raw</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#READSIZE"><i><tt>read size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#REALM"><i><tt>realm</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#REMOTEANNOUNCE"><i><tt>remote announce</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#REMOTEBROWSESYNC"><i><tt>remote browse sync</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#RESTRICTANONYMOUS"><i><tt>restrict anonymous</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOTDIRECTORY"><i><tt>root directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOTDIR"><i><tt>root dir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOT"><i><tt>root</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SECURITY"><i><tt>security</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SERVERSCHANNEL"><i><tt>server schannel</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SERVERSTRING"><i><tt>server string</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SETPRIMARYGROUPSCRIPT"><i><tt>set primary group script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD"><i><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SHUTDOWNSCRIPT"><i><tt>shutdown script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SMBPASSWDFILE"><i><tt>smb passwd file</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SMBPORTS"><i><tt>smb ports</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SOCKETADDRESS"><i><tt>socket address</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SOCKETOPTIONS"><i><tt>socket options</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SOURCEENVIRONMENT"><i><tt>source environment</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STATCACHESIZE"><i><tt>stat cache size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STATCACHE"><i><tt>stat cache</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STRIPDOT"><i><tt>strip dot</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SYSLOGONLY"><i><tt>syslog only</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SYSLOG"><i><tt>syslog</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR"><i><tt>template homedir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TEMPLATESHELL"><i><tt>template shell</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TIMEOFFSET"><i><tt>time offset</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TIMESERVER"><i><tt>time server</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TIMESTAMPLOGS"><i><tt>timestamp logs</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#TOTALPRINTJOBS"><i><tt>total print jobs</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UNICODE"><i><tt>unicode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UNIXCHARSET"><i><tt>unix charset</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UNIXEXTENSIONS"><i><tt>unix extensions</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><i><tt>unix password sync</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UPDATEENCRYPTED"><i><tt>update encrypted</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USEMMAP"><i><tt>use mmap</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USERNAMELEVEL"><i><tt>username level</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USERNAMEMAP"><i><tt>username map</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USESPNEGO"><i><tt>use spnego</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UTMPDIRECTORY"><i><tt>utmp directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#UTMP"><i><tt>utmp</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDCACHETIME"><i><tt>winbind cache time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDENUMGROUPS"><i><tt>winbind enum groups</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDENUMUSERS"><i><tt>winbind enum users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDGID"><i><tt>winbind gid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDSEPARATOR"><i><tt>winbind separator</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDUID"><i><tt>winbind uid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINBINDUSEDDEFAULTDOMAIN"><i><tt>winbind used default domain</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINSHOOK"><i><tt>wins hook</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINSPARTNER"><i><tt>wins partner</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINSPROXY"><i><tt>wins proxy</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINSSERVER"><i><tt>wins server</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WINSSUPPORT"><i><tt>wins support</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WORKGROUP"><i><tt>workgroup</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITERAW"><i><tt>write raw</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WTMPDIRECTORY"><i><tt>wtmp directory</tt></i></a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMPLETE LIST OF SERVICE PARAMETERS</h2><p>Here is a list of all service parameters. See the section on - each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="#ADMINUSERS"><i><tt>admin users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ALLOWHOSTS"><i><tt>allow hosts</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#AVAILABLE"><i><tt>available</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BLOCKINGLOCKS"><i><tt>blocking locks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BLOCKSIZE"><i><tt>block size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BROWSABLE"><i><tt>browsable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#BROWSEABLE"><i><tt>browseable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CASESENSITIVE"><i><tt>case sensitive</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CASESIGNAMES"><i><tt>casesignames</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#COMMENT"><i><tt>comment</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#COPY"><i><tt>copy</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CREATEMASK"><i><tt>create mask</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CREATEMODE"><i><tt>create mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#CSCPOLICY"><i><tt>csc policy</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEFAULTCASE"><i><tt>default case</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DEFAULTDEVMODE"><i><tt>default devmode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEREADONLY"><i><tt>delete readonly</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DELETEVETOFILES"><i><tt>delete veto files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DENYHOSTS"><i><tt>deny hosts</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DIRECTORYMASK"><i><tt>directory mask</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DIRECTORYMODE"><i><tt>directory mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DIRECTORY"><i><tt>directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DONTDESCEND"><i><tt>dont descend</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOSFILEMODE"><i><tt>dos filemode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOSFILETIMERESOLUTION"><i><tt>dos filetime resolution</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#DOSFILETIMES"><i><tt>dos filetimes</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#EXEC"><i><tt>exec</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FAKEDIRECTORYCREATETIMES"><i><tt>fake directory create times</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FAKEOPLOCKS"><i><tt>fake oplocks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FOLLOWSYMLINKS"><i><tt>follow symlinks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCECREATEMODE"><i><tt>force create mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><i><tt>force directory mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"><i><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCEGROUP"><i><tt>force group</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCESECURITYMODE"><i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FORCEUSER"><i><tt>force user</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#FSTYPE"><i><tt>fstype</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GROUP"><i><tt>group</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"><i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GUESTOK"><i><tt>guest ok</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#GUESTONLY"><i><tt>guest only</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDEDOTFILES"><i><tt>hide dot files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDEFILES"><i><tt>hide files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDESPECIALFILES"><i><tt>hide special files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDEUNREADABLE"><i><tt>hide unreadable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HIDEUNWRITEABLEFILES"><i><tt>hide unwriteable files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOSTSALLOW"><i><tt>hosts allow</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#HOSTSDENY"><i><tt>hosts deny</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#INHERITACLS"><i><tt>inherit acls</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#INHERITPERMISSIONS"><i><tt>inherit permissions</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#INVALIDUSERS"><i><tt>invalid users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS"><i><tt>level2 oplocks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LOCKING"><i><tt>locking</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LPPAUSECOMMAND"><i><tt>lppause command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LPQCOMMAND"><i><tt>lpq command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LPRESUMECOMMAND"><i><tt>lpresume command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#LPRMCOMMAND"><i><tt>lprm command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAGICOUTPUT"><i><tt>magic output</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAGICSCRIPT"><i><tt>magic script</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLECASE"><i><tt>mangle case</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLEDMAP"><i><tt>mangled map</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLEDNAMES"><i><tt>mangled names</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MANGLINGCHAR"><i><tt>mangling char</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAPARCHIVE"><i><tt>map archive</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAPHIDDEN"><i><tt>map hidden</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAPSYSTEM"><i><tt>map system</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXCONNECTIONS"><i><tt>max connections</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MAXPRINTJOBS"><i><tt>max print jobs</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MINPRINTSPACE"><i><tt>min print space</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MSDFSPROXY"><i><tt>msdfs proxy</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#MSDFSROOT"><i><tt>msdfs root</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#NTACLSUPPORT"><i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ONLYGUEST"><i><tt>only guest</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ONLYUSER"><i><tt>only user</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OPLOCKCONTENTIONLIMIT"><i><tt>oplock contention limit</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#OPLOCKS"><i><tt>oplocks</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PATH"><i><tt>path</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#POSIXLOCKING"><i><tt>posix locking</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#POSTEXEC"><i><tt>postexec</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PREEXECCLOSE"><i><tt>preexec close</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PREEXEC"><i><tt>preexec</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRESERVECASE"><i><tt>preserve case</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTABLE"><i><tt>printable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTCAPNAME"><i><tt>printcap name</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTCOMMAND"><i><tt>print command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTERADMIN"><i><tt>printer admin</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTERNAME"><i><tt>printer name</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTER"><i><tt>printer</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PRINTOK"><i><tt>print ok</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#PUBLIC"><i><tt>public</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND"><i><tt>queuepause command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#QUEUERESUMECOMMAND"><i><tt>queueresume command</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#READLIST"><i><tt>read list</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#READONLY"><i><tt>read only</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOTPOSTEXEC"><i><tt>root postexec</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOTPREEXECCLOSE"><i><tt>root preexec close</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#ROOTPREEXEC"><i><tt>root preexec</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SECURITYMASK"><i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SETDIRECTORY"><i><tt>set directory</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SHAREMODES"><i><tt>share modes</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SHORTPRESERVECASE"><i><tt>short preserve case</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STRICTALLOCATE"><i><tt>strict allocate</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STRICTLOCKING"><i><tt>strict locking</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#STRICTSYNC"><i><tt>strict sync</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#SYNCALWAYS"><i><tt>sync always</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USECLIENTDRIVER"><i><tt>use client driver</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USERNAME"><i><tt>username</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USERS"><i><tt>users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USER"><i><tt>user</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#USESENDFILE"><i><tt>use sendfile</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VALIDUSERS"><i><tt>valid users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VETOFILES"><i><tt>veto files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VETOOPLOCKFILES"><i><tt>veto oplock files</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VFSOBJECT"><i><tt>vfs object</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VFSOPTIONS"><i><tt>vfs options</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VFSPATH"><i><tt>vfs path</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#VOLUME"><i><tt>volume</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WIDELINKS"><i><tt>wide links</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITABLE"><i><tt>writable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITEABLE"><i><tt>writeable</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITECACHESIZE"><i><tt>write cache size</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITELIST"><i><tt>write list</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="#WRITEOK"><i><tt>write ok</tt></i></a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a name="ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT"></a>abort shutdown script (G)</span></dt><dd><p><span class="emphasis"><em>This parameter only exists in the HEAD cvs branch</em></span> - This a full path name to a script called by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> that - should stop a shutdown procedure issued by the <a href="#SHUTDOWNSCRIPT"> - <i><tt>shutdown script</tt></i></a>.</p><p>This command will be run as user.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>None</em></span>.</p><p>Example: <b>abort shutdown script = /sbin/shutdown -c</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDGROUPSCRIPT"></a>add group script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the full pathname to a script that will be run - <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> - when a new group is requested. It will expand any <i><tt>%g</tt></i> to the group name passed. This - script is only useful for installations using the Windows NT - domain administration tools. The script is free to create a - group with an arbitrary name to circumvent unix group name - restrictions. In that case the script must print the numeric gid - of the created group on stdout.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDMACHINESCRIPT"></a>add machine script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the full pathname to a script that will be run by - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when a machine is added - to it's domain using the administrator username and password - method. </p><p>This option is only required when using sam back-ends tied - to the Unix uid method of RID calculation such as smbpasswd. - This option is only available in Samba 3.0.</p><p>Default: <b>add machine script = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g - machines -c Machine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false %u</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDPRINTERCOMMAND"></a>addprinter command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing - support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, The MS Add - Printer Wizard (APW) icon is now also available in the - "Printers..." folder displayed a share listing. The APW - allows for printers to be add remotely to a Samba or Windows - NT/2000 print server.</p><p>For a Samba host this means that the printer must be - physically added to the underlying printing system. The <i><tt>add - printer command</tt></i> defines a script to be run which - will perform the necessary operations for adding the printer - to the print system and to add the appropriate service definition - to the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file in order that it can be - shared by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>.</p><p>The <i><tt>addprinter command</tt></i> is - automatically invoked with the following parameter (in - order):</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>printer name</tt></i></p></li><li><p><i><tt>share name</tt></i></p></li><li><p><i><tt>port name</tt></i></p></li><li><p><i><tt>driver name</tt></i></p></li><li><p><i><tt>location</tt></i></p></li><li><p><i><tt>Windows 9x driver location</tt></i></p></li></ul></div><p>All parameters are filled in from the PRINTER_INFO_2 structure sent - by the Windows NT/2000 client with one exception. The "Windows 9x - driver location" parameter is included for backwards compatibility - only. The remaining fields in the structure are generated from answers - to the APW questions.</p><p>Once the <i><tt>addprinter command</tt></i> has - been executed, <b>smbd</b> will reparse the <tt> - smb.conf</tt> to determine if the share defined by the APW - exists. If the sharename is still invalid, then <b>smbd - </b> will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.</p><p> - The "add printer command" program can output a single line of text, - which Samba will set as the port the new printer is connected to. - If this line isn't output, Samba won't reload its printer shares. - </p><p>See also <a href="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt> - deleteprinter command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PRINTING"> - <i><tt>printing</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD"><i><tt>show add - printer wizard</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>addprinter command = /usr/bin/addprinter</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDSHARECOMMAND"></a>add share command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically - add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The - <i><tt>add share command</tt></i> is used to define an - external program or script which will add a new service definition - to <tt>smb.conf</tt>. In order to successfully - execute the <i><tt>add share command</tt></i>, <b>smbd</b> - requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. - uid == 0). - </p><p> - When executed, <b>smbd</b> will automatically invoke the - <i><tt>add share command</tt></i> with four parameters. - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>configFile</tt></i> - the location - of the global <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>shareName</tt></i> - the name of the new + the group of the same name.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If the service is a guest service then a + connection is made as the username given in the "guest + account =" for the service, irrespective of the + supplied password.</P +></LI +></OL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN257" +></A +><H2 +>COMPLETE LIST OF GLOBAL PARAMETERS</H2 +><P +>Here is a list of all global parameters. See the section of + each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>abort shutdown script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDGROUPSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add group script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>addprinter command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDSHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDUSERSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add user script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDUSERTOGROUPSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add user to group script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADDMACHINESCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add machine script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEGROUPSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete group script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADSSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ads server</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ALGORITHMICRIDBASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>algorithmic rid base</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ALLOWTRUSTEDDOMAINS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>allow trusted domains</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ANNOUNCEAS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>announce as</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ANNOUNCEVERSION" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>announce version</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#AUTHMETHODS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>auth methods</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#AUTOSERVICES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>auto services</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BINDINTERFACESONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>bind interfaces only</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BROWSELIST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>browse list</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CHANGENOTIFYTIMEOUT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change notify timeout</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change share command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CONFIGFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>config file</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEADTIME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deadtime</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEBUGHIRESTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug hires timestamp</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEBUGPID" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug pid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug timestamp</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEBUGUID" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug uid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEBUGLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEFAULT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEFAULTSERVICE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default service</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deleteprinter command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete share command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEUSERSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete user script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEUSERFROMGROUPSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete user from group script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DFREECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dfree command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DISABLENETBIOS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>disable netbios</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DISABLESPOOLSS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>disable spoolss</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DISPLAYCHARSET" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>display charset</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DNSPROXY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dns proxy</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOMAINLOGONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain logons</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOMAINMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain master</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOSCHARSET" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dos charset</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypt passwords</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ENHANCEDBROWSING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>enhanced browsing</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ENUMPORTSCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>enumports command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#GETWDCACHE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>getwd cache</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDELOCALUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide local users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDEUNREADABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide unreadable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDEUNWRITEABLEFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide unwriteable files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDESPECIALFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide special files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOMEDIRMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>homedir map</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOSTMSDFS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>host msdfs</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOSTNAMELOOKUPS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hostname lookups</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOSTSEQUIV" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts equiv</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#INTERFACES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#KEEPALIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>keepalive</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#KERNELOPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>kernel oplocks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LANMANAUTH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lanman auth</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LARGEREADWRITE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>large readwrite</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPADMINDN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap admin dn</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPDELETEDN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap delete dn</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPDELONLYSAMATTR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap del only sam attr</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPFILTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap filter</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap port</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap server</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPSSL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap ssl</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPSUFFIX" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap suffix</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPUSERSUFFIX" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap user suffix</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPMACHINESUFFIX" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap machine suffix</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPPASSWDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap passwd sync</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LDAPTRUSTIDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap trust ids</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LMANNOUNCE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm announce</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LMINTERVAL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm interval</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOADPRINTERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>load printers</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCALMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>local master</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCKDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock dir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCKDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCKSPINCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock spin count</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCKSPINTIME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock spin time</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PIDDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pid directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>log file</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>log level</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGONDRIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon drive</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGONHOME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGONPATH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon path</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOGONSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LPQCACHETIME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpq cache time</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MACHINEPASSWORDTIMEOUT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>machine password timeout</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLEDSTACK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangled stack</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAPTOGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to guest</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXDISKSIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max disk size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXLOGSIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max log size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXMUX" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max mux</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXOPENFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max open files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXPROTOCOL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max protocol</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXSMBDPROCESSES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max smbd processes</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXTTL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max ttl</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXWINSTTL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max wins ttl</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXXMIT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max xmit</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MESSAGECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>message command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MINPASSWDLENGTH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min passwd length</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MINPASSWORDLENGTH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min password length</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MINPROTOCOL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min protocol</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MINWINSTTL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min wins ttl</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NAMECACHETIMEOUT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name cache timeout</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NAMERESOLVEORDER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NETBIOSALIASES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>netbios aliases</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NETBIOSNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>netbios name</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NETBIOSSCOPE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>netbios scope</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NISHOMEDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nis homedir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NTLMAUTH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ntlm auth</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>non unix account range</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NTPIPESUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt pipe support</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NTSTATUSSUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt status support</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NULLPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>null passwords</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>obey pam restrictions</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OPLOCKBREAKWAITTIME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplock break wait time</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OSLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>os level</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OS2DRIVERMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>os2 driver map</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pam password change</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PANICACTION" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>panic action</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PARANOIDSERVERSECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>paranoid server security</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSDBBACKEND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passdb backend</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSWDCHAT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat debug</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSWORDLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password level</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PASSWORDSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PREFEREDMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>prefered master</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PREFERREDMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preferred master</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRELOAD" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preload</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTCAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printcap</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTCAPNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printcap name</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVERFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer driver file</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRIVATEDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>private dir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PROTOCOL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>protocol</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#READBMPX" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read bmpx</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#READRAW" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read raw</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#READSIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#REALM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>realm</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#REMOTEANNOUNCE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>remote announce</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#REMOTEBROWSESYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>remote browse sync</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#RESTRICTANONYMOUS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>restrict anonymous</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOTDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root dir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOTDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SERVERSTRING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>server string</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>show add printer wizard</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>shutdown script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SMBPASSWDFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>smb passwd file</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SMBPORTS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>smb ports</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SOCKETADDRESS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>socket address</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SOCKETOPTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>socket options</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SOURCEENVIRONMENT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>source environment</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SPNEGO" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use spnego</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STATCACHE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>stat cache</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STATCACHESIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>stat cache size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STRIPDOT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strip dot</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SYSLOG" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>syslog</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SYSLOGONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>syslog only</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>template homedir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TEMPLATESHELL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>template shell</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TIMEOFFSET" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>time offset</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TIMESERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>time server</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TIMESTAMPLOGS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>timestamp logs</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#TOTALPRINTJOBS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>total print jobs</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UNICODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unicode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UNIXCHARSET" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix charset</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UNIXEXTENSIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix extensions</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix password sync</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UPDATEENCRYPTED" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>update encrypted</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USEMMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use mmap</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USERHOSTS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use rhosts</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USESENDFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use sendfile</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USERNAMELEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username level</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USERNAMEMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username map</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UTMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>utmp</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#UTMPDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>utmp directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WTMPDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wtmp directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDCACHETIME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind cache time</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDENUMUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDENUMGROUPS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum groups</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDGID" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind gid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDSEPARATOR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind separator</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDUID" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind uid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINBINDUSEDEFAULTDOMAIN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind use default domain</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINSHOOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins hook</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINSPARTNERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins partners</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINSPROXY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins proxy</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINSSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins server</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WINSSUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins support</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WORKGROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITERAW" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write raw</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1029" +></A +><H2 +>COMPLETE LIST OF SERVICE PARAMETERS</H2 +><P +>Here is a list of all service parameters. See the section on + each parameter for details. Note that some are synonyms.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ADMINUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>admin users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ALLOWHOSTS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>allow hosts</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#AVAILABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>available</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BLOCKINGLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>blocking locks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BLOCKSIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>block size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BROWSABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>browsable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#BROWSEABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>browseable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CASESENSITIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>case sensitive</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CASESIGNAMES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>casesignames</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#COMMENT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>comment</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#COPY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>copy</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#CSCPOLICY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>csc policy</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEFAULTCASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default case</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DEFAULTDEVMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default devmode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEREADONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete readonly</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DELETEVETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete veto files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DENYHOSTS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deny hosts</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mask</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security mask</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DONTDESCEND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dont descend</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOSFILEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dos filemode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOSFILETIMERESOLUTION" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dos filetime resolution</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#DOSFILETIMES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dos filetimes</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#EXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>exec</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FAKEDIRECTORYCREATETIMES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>fake directory create times</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FAKEOPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>fake oplocks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FOLLOWSYMLINKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>follow symlinks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCECREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force create mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCEGROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force group</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCESECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FORCEUSER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force user</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#FSTYPE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>fstype</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#GROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>group</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#GUESTOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest ok</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#GUESTONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest only</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDEDOTFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide dot files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HIDEFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOSTSALLOW" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts allow</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#HOSTSDENY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts deny</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#INCLUDE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>include</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#INHERITACLS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>inherit acls</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#INHERITPERMISSIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>inherit permissions</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#INVALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>invalid users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>level2 oplocks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LOCKING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>locking</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LPPAUSECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lppause command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LPQCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpq command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LPRESUMECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpresume command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#LPRMCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lprm command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAGICOUTPUT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>magic output</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAGICSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>magic script</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLECASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangle case</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLEDMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangled map</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLEDNAMES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangled names</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLINGCHAR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangling char</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MANGLINGMETHOD" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangling method</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAPARCHIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map archive</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAPHIDDEN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map hidden</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAPSYSTEM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map system</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXCONNECTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max connections</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MAXPRINTJOBS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max print jobs</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MINPRINTSPACE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min print space</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MSDFSPROXY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>msdfs proxy</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#MSDFSROOT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>msdfs root</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#NTACLSUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt acl support</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ONLYGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>only guest</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ONLYUSER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>only user</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OPLOCKCONTENTIONLIMIT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplock contention limit</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PATH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>path</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#POSIXLOCKING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>posix locking</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#POSTEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>postexec</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#POSTSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>postscript</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PREEXECCLOSE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec close</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRESERVECASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preserve case</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>print command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>print ok</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTERADMIN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer admin</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer driver</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVERLOCATION" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer driver location</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTERNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer name</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#PUBLIC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>public</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>queuepause command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#QUEUERESUMECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>queueresume command</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#READLIST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read list</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read only</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOTPOSTEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root postexec</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOTPREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root preexec</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#ROOTPREEXECCLOSE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root preexec close</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SETDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>set directory</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SHAREMODES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>share modes</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SHORTPRESERVECASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>short preserve case</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STRICTALLOCATE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strict allocate</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STRICTLOCKING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strict locking</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#STRICTSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strict sync</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#SYNCALWAYS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>sync always</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USECLIENTDRIVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use client driver</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USERNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#USERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>valid users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>veto files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VETOOPLOCKFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>veto oplock files</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VFSPATH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>vfs path</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VFSOBJECT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>vfs object</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VFSOPTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>vfs options</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#VOLUME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>volume</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WIDELINKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wide links</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>writable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITECACHESIZE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write cache size</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITELIST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write list</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITEOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write ok</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="#WRITEABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>writeable</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1533" +></A +><H2 +>EXPLANATION OF EACH PARAMETER</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><A +NAME="ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +></A +>abort shutdown script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>This parameter only exists in the HEAD cvs branch</I +> + This a full path name to a script called by + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> that + should stop a shutdown procedure issued by the <A +HREF="#SHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>shutdown script</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>This command will be run as user.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>None</I +>.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>abort shutdown script = /sbin/shutdown -c</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +></A +>addprinter command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing + support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, The MS Add + Printer Wizard (APW) icon is now also available in the + "Printers..." folder displayed a share listing. The APW + allows for printers to be add remotely to a Samba or Windows + NT/2000 print server.</P +><P +>For a Samba host this means that the printer must be + physically added to the underlying printing system. The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add + printer command</I +></TT +> defines a script to be run which + will perform the necessary operations for adding the printer + to the print system and to add the appropriate service definition + to the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file in order that it can be + shared by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>addprinter command</I +></TT +> is + automatically invoked with the following parameter (in + order:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer name</I +></TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>share name</I +></TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>port name</I +></TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>driver name</I +></TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>location</I +></TT +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>Windows 9x driver location</I +></TT +> + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>All parameters are filled in from the PRINTER_INFO_2 structure sent + by the Windows NT/2000 client with one exception. The "Windows 9x + driver location" parameter is included for backwards compatibility + only. The remaining fields in the structure are generated from answers + to the APW questions.</P +><P +>Once the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>addprinter command</I +></TT +> has + been executed, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will reparse the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf</TT +> to determine if the share defined by the APW + exists. If the sharename is still invalid, then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> deleteprinter command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>show add + printer wizard</I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>addprinter command = /usr/bin/addprinter + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDSHARECOMMAND" +></A +>add share command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically + add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share command</I +></TT +> is used to define an + external program or script which will add a new service definition + to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. In order to successfully + execute the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share command</I +></TT +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. + uid == 0). + </P +><P +> When executed, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will automatically invoke the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share command</I +></TT +> with four parameters. + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>configFile</I +></TT +> - the location + of the global <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>shareName</I +></TT +> - the name of the new share. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>pathName</tt></i> - path to an **existing** + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pathName</I +></TT +> - path to an **existing** directory on disk. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>comment</tt></i> - comment string to associate + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>comment</I +></TT +> - comment string to associate with the new share. - </p></li></ul></div><p> - This parameter is only used for add file shares. To add printer shares, - see the <a href="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt>addprinter - command</tt></i></a>. - </p><p> - See also <a href="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>change share - command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#DELETESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>delete share - command</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>add share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDUSERSCRIPT"></a>add user script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the full pathname to a script that will - be run <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> under special circumstances described below.</p><p>Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are - created for all users accessing files on this server. For sites - that use Windows NT account databases as their primary user database - creating these users and keeping the user list in sync with the - Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option allows <a href="smbd.8.html" target="_top">smbd</a> to create the required UNIX users - <span class="emphasis"><em>ON DEMAND</em></span> when a user accesses the Samba server.</p><p>In order to use this option, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> must <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be set to <i><tt>security = share</tt></i> - and <i><tt>add user script</tt></i> - must be set to a full pathname for a script that will create a UNIX - user given one argument of <i><tt>%u</tt></i>, which expands into - the UNIX user name to create.</p><p>When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, - at login (session setup in the SMB protocol) time, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> contacts the <i><tt>password server</tt></i> and - attempts to authenticate the given user with the given password. If the - authentication succeeds then <b>smbd</b> - attempts to find a UNIX user in the UNIX password database to map the - Windows user into. If this lookup fails, and <i><tt>add user script - </tt></i> is set then <b>smbd</b> will - call the specified script <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span>, expanding - any <i><tt>%u</tt></i> argument to be the user name to create.</p><p>If this script successfully creates the user then <b>smbd - </b> will continue on as though the UNIX user - already existed. In this way, UNIX users are dynamically created to - match existing Windows NT accounts.</p><p>See also <a href="#SECURITY"><i><tt> - security</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PASSWORDSERVER"> - <i><tt>password server</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#DELETEUSERSCRIPT"><i><tt>delete user - script</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>add user script = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user %u</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADDUSERTOGROUPSCRIPT"></a>add user to group script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Full path to the script that will be called when - a user is added to a group using the Windows NT domain administration - tools. It will be run by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span>. - Any <i><tt>%g</tt></i> will be replaced with the group name and - any <i><tt>%u</tt></i> will be replaced with the user name. - </p><p>Default: <b>add user to group script = </b></p><p>Example: <b>add user to group script = /usr/sbin/adduser %u %g</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADMINUSERS"></a>admin users (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users who will be granted - administrative privileges on the share. This means that they - will do all file operations as the super-user (root).</p><p>You should use this option very carefully, as any user in - this list will be able to do anything they like on the share, - irrespective of file permissions.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no admin users</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>admin users = jason</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ADSSERVER"></a>ads server (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If this option is specified, samba does not try to figure out what - ads server to use itself, but uses the specified ads server. Either one - DNS name or IP address can be used.</p><p>Default: <b>ads server = </b></p><p>Example: <b>ads server = 192.168.1.2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ALGORITHMICRIDBASE"></a>algorithmic rid base (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This determines how Samba will use its - algorithmic mapping from uids/gid to the RIDs needed to construct - NT Security Identifiers. - </p><p>Setting this option to a larger value could be useful to sites - transitioning from WinNT and Win2k, as existing user and - group rids would otherwise clash with sytem users etc. - </p><p>All UIDs and GIDs must be able to be resolved into SIDs for - the correct operation of ACLs on the server. As such the algorithmic - mapping can't be 'turned off', but pushing it 'out of the way' should - resolve the issues. Users and groups can then be assigned 'low' RIDs - in arbitary-rid supporting backends. - </p><p>Default: <b>algorithmic rid base = 1000</b></p><p>Example: <b>algorithmic rid base = 100000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ALLOWHOSTS"></a>allow hosts (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#HOSTSALLOW"> - <i><tt>hosts allow</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ALLOWTRUSTEDDOMAINS"></a>allow trusted domains (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option only takes effect when the <a href="#SECURITY"> - <i><tt>security</tt></i></a> option is set to - <tt>server</tt> or <tt>domain</tt>. - If it is set to no, then attempts to connect to a resource from - a domain or workgroup other than the one which <a href="smbd.8.html" target="_top">smbd</a> is running - in will fail, even if that domain is trusted by the remote server - doing the authentication.</p><p>This is useful if you only want your Samba server to - serve resources to users in the domain it is a member of. As - an example, suppose that there are two domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB - is trusted by DOMA, which contains the Samba server. Under normal - circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB can then access the - resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the - Samba server even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This - can make implementing a security boundary difficult.</p><p>Default: <b>allow trusted domains = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ANNOUNCEAS"></a>announce as (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies what type of server <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> will announce itself as, to a network neighborhood browse - list. By default this is set to Windows NT. The valid options - are : "NT Server" (which can also be written as "NT"), - "NT Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning Windows NT Server, - Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups - respectively. Do not change this parameter unless you have a - specific need to stop Samba appearing as an NT server as this - may prevent Samba servers from participating as browser servers - correctly.</p><p>Default: <b>announce as = NT Server</b></p><p>Example: <b>announce as = Win95</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ANNOUNCEVERSION"></a>announce version (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies the major and minor version numbers - that nmbd will use when announcing itself as a server. The default - is 4.9. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific - need to set a Samba server to be a downlevel server.</p><p>Default: <b>announce version = 4.9</b></p><p>Example: <b>announce version = 2.0</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="AUTHMETHODS"></a>auth methods (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows the administrator to chose what - authentication methods <b>smbd</b> will use when authenticating - a user. This option defaults to sensible values based on <a href="#SECURITY"> - <i><tt>security</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Each entry in the list attempts to authenticate the user in turn, until - the user authenticates. In practice only one method will ever actually - be able to complete the authentication. - </p><p>Default: <b>auth methods = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>auth methods = guest sam ntdomain</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="AUTOSERVICES"></a>auto services (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a synonym for the <a href="#PRELOAD"> - <i><tt>preload</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="AVAILABLE"></a>available (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter lets you "turn off" a service. If - <i><tt>available = no</tt></i>, then <span class="emphasis"><em>ALL</em></span> - attempts to connect to the service will fail. Such failures are - logged.</p><p>Default: <b>available = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BINDINTERFACESONLY"></a>bind interfaces only (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This global parameter allows the Samba admin - to limit what interfaces on a machine will serve SMB requests. It - affects file service <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> and name service <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> in a slightly different ways.</p><p>For name service it causes <b>nmbd</b> to bind - to ports 137 and 138 on the interfaces listed in - the <a href="#INTERFACES">interfaces</a> parameter. <b>nmbd</b> also - binds to the "all addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) - on ports 137 and 138 for the purposes of reading broadcast messages. - If this option is not set then <b>nmbd</b> will service - name requests on all of these sockets. If <i><tt>bind interfaces - only</tt></i> is set then <b>nmbd</b> will check the - source address of any packets coming in on the broadcast sockets - and discard any that don't match the broadcast addresses of the - interfaces in the <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> parameter list. - As unicast packets are received on the other sockets it allows - <b>nmbd</b> to refuse to serve names to machines that - send packets that arrive through any interfaces not listed in the - <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> list. IP Source address spoofing - does defeat this simple check, however, so it must not be used - seriously as a security feature for <b>nmbd</b>.</p><p>For file service it causes <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> to bind only to the interface list - given in the <a href="#INTERFACES">interfaces</a> parameter. This - restricts the networks that <b>smbd</b> will serve - to packets coming in those interfaces. Note that you should not use this parameter - for machines that are serving PPP or other intermittent or non-broadcast network - interfaces as it will not cope with non-permanent interfaces.</p><p>If <i><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> is set then - unless the network address <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span> is added - to the <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> parameter - list <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a> and <a href="swat.8.html">swat(8)</a> may not work as expected due - to the reasons covered below.</p><p>To change a users SMB password, the <b>smbpasswd</b> - by default connects to the <span class="emphasis"><em>localhost - 127.0.0.1</em></span> - address as an SMB client to issue the password change request. If - <i><tt>bind interfaces only</tt></i> is set then unless the - network address <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span> is added to the - <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> parameter list then <b> - smbpasswd</b> will fail to connect in it's default mode. - <b>smbpasswd</b> can be forced to use the primary IP interface - of the local host by using its <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a> <i><tt>-r <i><tt>remote machine</tt></i></tt></i> - parameter, with <i><tt>remote machine</tt></i> set - to the IP name of the primary interface of the local host.</p><p>The <b>swat</b> status page tries to connect with - <b>smbd</b> and <b>nmbd</b> at the address - <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span> to determine if they are running. - Not adding <span class="emphasis"><em>127.0.0.1</em></span> will cause <b> - smbd</b> and <b>nmbd</b> to always show - "not running" even if they really are. This can prevent <b> - swat</b> from starting/stopping/restarting <b>smbd</b> - and <b>nmbd</b>.</p><p>Default: <b>bind interfaces only = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BLOCKINGLOCKS"></a>blocking locks (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls the behavior - of <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when given a request by a client - to obtain a byte range lock on a region of an open file, and the - request has a time limit associated with it.</p><p>If this parameter is set and the lock range requested - cannot be immediately satisfied, samba will internally - queue the lock request, and periodically attempt to obtain - the lock until the timeout period expires.</p><p>If this parameter is set to <tt>no</tt>, then - samba will behave as previous versions of Samba would and - will fail the lock request immediately if the lock range - cannot be obtained.</p><p>Default: <b>blocking locks = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BLOCKSIZE"></a>block size (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls the behavior of <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when reporting disk free - sizes. By default, this reports a disk block size of 1024 bytes. - </p><p>Changing this parameter may have some effect on the - efficiency of client writes, this is not yet confirmed. This - parameter was added to allow advanced administrators to change - it (usually to a higher value) and test the effect it has on - client write performance without re-compiling the code. As this - is an experimental option it may be removed in a future release. - </p><p>Changing this option does not change the disk free reporting - size, just the block size unit reported to the client. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BROWSABLE"></a>browsable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>See the <a href="#BROWSEABLE"> - <i><tt>browseable</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BROWSEABLE"></a>browseable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether this share is seen in - the list of available shares in a net view and in the browse list.</p><p>Default: <b>browseable = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="BROWSELIST"></a>browse list (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will serve a browse list to - a client doing a <b>NetServerEnum</b> call. Normally - set to <tt>yes</tt>. You should never need to change - this.</p><p>Default: <b>browse list = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CASESENSITIVE"></a>case sensitive (S)</span></dt><dd><p>See the discussion in the section <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">NAME MANGLING</a>.</p><p>Default: <b>case sensitive = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CASESIGNAMES"></a>casesignames (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#CASESENSITIVE">case sensitive</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CHANGENOTIFYTIMEOUT"></a>change notify timeout (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This SMB allows a client to tell a server to - "watch" a particular directory for any changes and only reply to - the SMB request when a change has occurred. Such constant scanning of - a directory is expensive under UNIX, hence an <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> daemon only performs such a scan - on each requested directory once every <i><tt>change notify - timeout</tt></i> seconds.</p><p>Default: <b>change notify timeout = 60</b></p><p>Example: <b>change notify timeout = 300</b></p><p>Would change the scan time to every 5 minutes.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CHANGESHARECOMMAND"></a>change share command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically - add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The - <i><tt>change share command</tt></i> is used to define an - external program or script which will modify an existing service definition - in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. In order to successfully - execute the <i><tt>change share command</tt></i>, <b>smbd</b> - requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. - uid == 0). - </p><p> - When executed, <b>smbd</b> will automatically invoke the - <i><tt>change share command</tt></i> with four parameters. - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>configFile</tt></i> - the location - of the global <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>shareName</tt></i> - the name of the new + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +> This parameter is only used for add file shares. To add printer shares, + see the <A +HREF="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>addprinter + command</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +> See also <A +HREF="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change share + command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#DELETESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete share + command</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDMACHINESCRIPT" +></A +>add machine script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> when a machine is added + to it's domain using the administrator username and password method. </P +><P +>This option is only required when using sam back-ends tied to the + Unix uid method of RID calculation such as smbpasswd. This option is only + available in Samba 3.0.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add machine script = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add machine script = /usr/sbin/adduser -n -g machines -c Machine -d /dev/null -s /bin/false %u + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADSSERVER" +></A +>ads server (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this option is specified, samba does + not try to figure out what ads server to use itself, but + uses the specified ads server. Either one DNS name or IP + address can be used.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ads server = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ads server = 192.168.1.2</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDUSERSCRIPT" +></A +>add user script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8) + </A +> under special circumstances described below.</P +><P +>Normally, a Samba server requires that UNIX users are + created for all users accessing files on this server. For sites + that use Windows NT account databases as their primary user database + creating these users and keeping the user list in sync with the + Windows NT PDC is an onerous task. This option allows <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> to create the required UNIX users + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ON DEMAND</I +> when a user accesses the Samba server.</P +><P +>In order to use this option, <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> + must <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> be set to <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security = share</I +></TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add user script</I +></TT +> + must be set to a full pathname for a script that will create a UNIX + user given one argument of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +>, which expands into + the UNIX user name to create.</P +><P +>When the Windows user attempts to access the Samba server, + at login (session setup in the SMB protocol) time, <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbd</A +> contacts the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +> and + attempts to authenticate the given user with the given password. If the + authentication succeeds then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + attempts to find a UNIX user in the UNIX password database to map the + Windows user into. If this lookup fails, and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add user script + </I +></TT +> is set then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will + call the specified script <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +>, expanding + any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +> argument to be the user name to create.</P +><P +>If this script successfully creates the user then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> will continue on as though the UNIX user + already existed. In this way, UNIX users are dynamically created to + match existing Windows NT accounts.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> security</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PASSWORDSERVER" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#DELETEUSERSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete user + script</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add user script = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/add_user + %u</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDGROUPSCRIPT" +></A +>add group script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> when a new group is + requested. It will expand any + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%g</I +></TT +> to the group name passed. + This script is only useful for installations using the + Windows NT domain administration tools. The script is + free to create a group with an arbitrary name to + circumvent unix group name restrictions. In that case + the script must print the numeric gid of the created + group on stdout. + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADMINUSERS" +></A +>admin users (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users who will be granted + administrative privileges on the share. This means that they + will do all file operations as the super-user (root).</P +><P +>You should use this option very carefully, as any user in + this list will be able to do anything they like on the share, + irrespective of file permissions.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no admin users</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>admin users = jason</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ADDUSERTOGROUPSCRIPT" +></A +>add user to group script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Full path to the script that will be called when + a user is added to a group using the Windows NT domain administration + tools. It will be run by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +>. Any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%g</I +></TT +> will be + replaced with the group name and any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +> will + be replaced with the user name. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add user to group script = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>add user to group script = /usr/sbin/adduser %u %g</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ALLOWHOSTS" +></A +>allow hosts (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#HOSTSALLOW" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts allow</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ALGORITHMICRIDBASE" +></A +>algorithmic rid base (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This determines how Samba will use its + algorithmic mapping from uids/gid to the RIDs needed to construct + NT Security Identifiers.</P +><P +>Setting this option to a larger value could be useful to sites + transitioning from WinNT and Win2k, as existing user and + group rids would otherwise clash with sytem users etc. + </P +><P +>All UIDs and GIDs must be able to be resolved into SIDs for + the correct operation of ACLs on the server. As such the algorithmic + mapping can't be 'turned off', but pushing it 'out of the way' should + resolve the issues. Users and groups can then be assigned 'low' RIDs + in arbitary-rid supporting backends. </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>algorithmic rid base = 1000</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>algorithmic rid base = 100000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ALLOWTRUSTEDDOMAINS" +></A +>allow trusted domains (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option only takes effect when the <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security</I +></TT +></A +> option is set to + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>server</TT +> or <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>domain</TT +>. + If it is set to no, then attempts to connect to a resource from + a domain or workgroup other than the one which <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> is running + in will fail, even if that domain is trusted by the remote server + doing the authentication.</P +><P +>This is useful if you only want your Samba server to + serve resources to users in the domain it is a member of. As + an example, suppose that there are two domains DOMA and DOMB. DOMB + is trusted by DOMA, which contains the Samba server. Under normal + circumstances, a user with an account in DOMB can then access the + resources of a UNIX account with the same account name on the + Samba server even if they do not have an account in DOMA. This + can make implementing a security boundary difficult.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>allow trusted domains = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ANNOUNCEAS" +></A +>announce as (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies what type of server + <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +></A +> + will announce itself as, to a network neighborhood browse + list. By default this is set to Windows NT. The valid options + are : "NT Server" (which can also be written as "NT"), + "NT Workstation", "Win95" or "WfW" meaning Windows NT Server, + Windows NT Workstation, Windows 95 and Windows for Workgroups + respectively. Do not change this parameter unless you have a + specific need to stop Samba appearing as an NT server as this + may prevent Samba servers from participating as browser servers + correctly.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>announce as = NT Server</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>announce as = Win95</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ANNOUNCEVERSION" +></A +>announce version (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies the major and minor version numbers + that nmbd will use when announcing itself as a server. The default + is 4.9. Do not change this parameter unless you have a specific + need to set a Samba server to be a downlevel server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>announce version = 4.9</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>announce version = 2.0</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="AUTOSERVICES" +></A +>auto services (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a synonym for the <A +HREF="#PRELOAD" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preload</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="AUTHMETHODS" +></A +>auth methods (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows the administrator to chose what + authentication methods <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will use when authenticating + a user. This option defaults to sensible values based on <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> security</I +></TT +></A +>. + + Each entry in the list attempts to authenticate the user in turn, until + the user authenticates. In practice only one method will ever actually + be able to complete the authentication. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>auth methods = <empty string></B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>auth methods = guest sam ntdomain</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="AVAILABLE" +></A +>available (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter lets you "turn off" a service. If + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>available = no</I +></TT +>, then <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ALL</I +> + attempts to connect to the service will fail. Such failures are + logged.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>available = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BINDINTERFACESONLY" +></A +>bind interfaces only (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This global parameter allows the Samba admin + to limit what interfaces on a machine will serve SMB requests. It + affects file service <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> and + name service <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> in slightly + different ways.</P +><P +>For name service it causes <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to bind + to ports 137 and 138 on the interfaces listed in the <A +HREF="#INTERFACES" +>interfaces</A +> parameter. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd + </B +> also binds to the "all addresses" interface (0.0.0.0) + on ports 137 and 138 for the purposes of reading broadcast messages. + If this option is not set then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will service + name requests on all of these sockets. If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>bind interfaces + only</I +></TT +> is set then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will check the + source address of any packets coming in on the broadcast sockets + and discard any that don't match the broadcast addresses of the + interfaces in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> parameter list. + As unicast packets are received on the other sockets it allows + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to refuse to serve names to machines that + send packets that arrive through any interfaces not listed in the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> list. IP Source address spoofing + does defeat this simple check, however, so it must not be used + seriously as a security feature for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>.</P +><P +>For file service it causes <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> + to bind only to the interface list given in the <A +HREF="#INTERFACES" +> interfaces</A +> parameter. This restricts the networks that + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will serve to packets coming in those + interfaces. Note that you should not use this parameter for machines + that are serving PPP or other intermittent or non-broadcast network + interfaces as it will not cope with non-permanent interfaces.</P +><P +>If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>bind interfaces only</I +></TT +> is set then + unless the network address <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>127.0.0.1</I +> is added + to the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> parameter list <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +> + and <A +HREF="swat.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat(8)</B +></A +> may + not work as expected due to the reasons covered below.</P +><P +>To change a users SMB password, the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> + by default connects to the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>localhost - 127.0.0.1</I +> + address as an SMB client to issue the password change request. If + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>bind interfaces only</I +></TT +> is set then unless the + network address <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>127.0.0.1</I +> is added to the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> parameter list then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbpasswd</B +> will fail to connect in it's default mode. + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> can be forced to use the primary IP interface + of the local host by using its <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html#minusr" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-r <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>remote machine</I +></TT +></I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter, with <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>remote machine</I +></TT +> set + to the IP name of the primary interface of the local host.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> status page tries to connect with + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> at the address + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>127.0.0.1</I +> to determine if they are running. + Not adding <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>127.0.0.1</I +> will cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbd</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to always show + "not running" even if they really are. This can prevent <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> swat</B +> from starting/stopping/restarting <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>bind interfaces only = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BLOCKINGLOCKS" +></A +>blocking locks (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls the behavior of <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> when given a request by a client + to obtain a byte range lock on a region of an open file, and the + request has a time limit associated with it.</P +><P +>If this parameter is set and the lock range requested + cannot be immediately satisfied, samba will internally + queue the lock request, and periodically attempt to obtain + the lock until the timeout period expires.</P +><P +>If this parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>, then + samba will behave as previous versions of Samba would and + will fail the lock request immediately if the lock range + cannot be obtained.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>blocking locks = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BLOCKSIZE" +></A +>block size (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls the behavior of + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> when reporting disk free + sizes. By default, this reports a disk block size of 1024 bytes. + </P +><P +>Changing this parameter may have some effect on the + efficiency of client writes, this is not yet confirmed. This + parameter was added to allow advanced administrators to change + it (usually to a higher value) and test the effect it has on + client write performance without re-compiling the code. As this + is an experimental option it may be removed in a future release. + </P +><P +>Changing this option does not change the disk free reporting + size, just the block size unit reported to the client.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>block size = 1024</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>block size = 65536</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BROWSABLE" +></A +>browsable (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>See the <A +HREF="#BROWSEABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> browseable</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BROWSELIST" +></A +>browse list (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> will serve a browse list to + a client doing a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NetServerEnum</B +> call. Normally + set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>. You should never need to change + this.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>browse list = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="BROWSEABLE" +></A +>browseable (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether this share is seen in + the list of available shares in a net view and in the browse list.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>browseable = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CASESENSITIVE" +></A +>case sensitive (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>See the discussion in the section <A +HREF="#AEN205" +>NAME MANGLING</A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>case sensitive = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CASESIGNAMES" +></A +>casesignames (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#CASESENSITIVE" +>case + sensitive</A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CHANGENOTIFYTIMEOUT" +></A +>change notify timeout (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This SMB allows a client to tell a server to + "watch" a particular directory for any changes and only reply to + the SMB request when a change has occurred. Such constant scanning of + a directory is expensive under UNIX, hence an <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> daemon only performs such a scan + on each requested directory once every <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change notify + timeout</I +></TT +> seconds.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>change notify timeout = 60</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>change notify timeout = 300</B +></P +><P +>Would change the scan time to every 5 minutes.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CHANGESHARECOMMAND" +></A +>change share command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically + add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change share command</I +></TT +> is used to define an + external program or script which will modify an existing service definition + in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. In order to successfully + execute the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change share command</I +></TT +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. + uid == 0). + </P +><P +> When executed, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will automatically invoke the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change share command</I +></TT +> with four parameters. + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>configFile</I +></TT +> - the location + of the global <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>shareName</I +></TT +> - the name of the new share. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>pathName</tt></i> - path to an **existing** + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pathName</I +></TT +> - path to an **existing** directory on disk. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>comment</tt></i> - comment string to associate + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>comment</I +></TT +> - comment string to associate with the new share. - </p></li></ul></div><p> - This parameter is only used modify existing file shares definitions. To modify - printer shares, use the "Printers..." folder as seen when browsing the Samba host. - </p><p> - See also <a href="#ADDSHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>add share - command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#DELETESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>delete - share command</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>change share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="COMMENT"></a>comment (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a text field that is seen next to a share - when a client does a queries the server, either via the network - neighborhood or via <b>net view</b> to list what shares - are available.</p><p>If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the - machine name then see the <a href="#SERVERSTRING"><i><tt> - server string</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No comment string</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>comment = Fred's Files</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CONFIGFILE"></a>config file (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This allows you to override the config file - to use, instead of the default (usually <tt>smb.conf</tt>). - There is a chicken and egg problem here as this option is set - in the config file!</p><p>For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed - when the parameters are loaded then it will reload them from - the new config file.</p><p>This option takes the usual substitutions, which can - be very useful.</p><p>If the config file doesn't exist then it won't be loaded - (allowing you to special case the config files of just a few - clients).</p><p>Example: <b>config file = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="COPY"></a>copy (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows you to "clone" service - entries. The specified service is simply duplicated under the - current service's name. Any parameters specified in the current - section will override those in the section being copied.</p><p>This feature lets you set up a 'template' service and - create similar services easily. Note that the service being - copied must occur earlier in the configuration file than the - service doing the copying.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no value</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>copy = otherservice</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CREATEMASK"></a>create mask (S)</span></dt><dd><p>A synonym for this parameter is - <a href="#CREATEMODE"><i><tt>create mode</tt></i> - </a>.</p><p>When a file is created, the necessary permissions are - calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX - permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed - with this parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise - MASK for the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> - set here will be removed from the modes set on a file when it is - created.</p><p>The default value of this parameter removes the - 'group' and 'other' write and execute bits from the UNIX modes.</p><p>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode created - from this parameter with the value of the <a href="#FORCECREATEMODE"> - <i><tt>force create mode</tt></i></a> - parameter which is set to 000 by default.</p><p>This parameter does not affect directory modes. See the - parameter <a href="#DIRECTORYMODE"><i><tt>directory mode - </tt></i></a> for details.</p><p>See also the <a href="#FORCECREATEMODE"><i><tt>force - create mode</tt></i></a> parameter for forcing particular mode - bits to be set on created files. See also the <a href="#DIRECTORYMODE"> - <i><tt>directory mode</tt></i></a> parameter for masking - mode bits on created directories. See also the <a href="#INHERITPERMISSIONS"> - <i><tt>inherit permissions</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions - set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce - a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the <a href="#SECURITYMASK"> - <i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>create mask = 0744</b></p><p>Example: <b>create mask = 0775</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CREATEMODE"></a>create mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a synonym for <a href="#CREATEMASK"><i><tt> - create mask</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="CSCPOLICY"></a>csc policy (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This stands for <span class="emphasis"><em>client-side caching - policy</em></span>, and specifies how clients capable of offline - caching will cache the files in the share. The valid values - are: manual, documents, programs, disable.</p><p>These values correspond to those used on Windows servers.</p><p>For example, shares containing roaming profiles can have - offline caching disabled using <b>csc policy = disable</b>.</p><p>Default: <b>csc policy = manual</b></p><p>Example: <b>csc policy = programs</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEADTIME"></a>dead time (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the parameter (a decimal integer) - represents the number of minutes of inactivity before a connection - is considered dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes - effect if the number of open files is zero.</p><p>This is useful to stop a server's resources being - exhausted by a large number of inactive connections.</p><p>Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a - connection is broken so in most cases this parameter should be - transparent to users.</p><p>Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes - is recommended for most systems.</p><p>A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection - should be performed.</p><p>Default: <b>deadtime = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>deadtime = 15</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEBUGHIRESTIMESTAMP"></a>debug hires timestamp (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages - are needed with a resolution of higher that seconds, this - boolean parameter adds microsecond resolution to the timestamp - message header when turned on.</p><p>Note that the parameter <a href="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><i><tt> - debug timestamp</tt></i></a> must be on for this to have an - effect.</p><p>Default: <b>debug hires timestamp = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEBUGLEVEL"></a>debug level (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#LOGLEVEL"><i><tt> - log level</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEBUGPID"></a>debug pid (G)</span></dt><dd><p>When using only one log file for more then one forked - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>-process there may be hard to - follow which process outputs which message. This boolean parameter - is adds the process-id to the timestamp message headers in the - logfile when turned on.</p><p>Note that the parameter <a href="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><i><tt> - debug timestamp</tt></i></a> must be on for this to have an - effect.</p><p>Default: <b>debug pid = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEBUGTIMESTAMP"></a>debug timestamp (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Samba debug log messages are timestamped - by default. If you are running at a high <a href="#DEBUGLEVEL"> - <i><tt>debug level</tt></i></a> these timestamps - can be distracting. This boolean parameter allows timestamping - to be turned off.</p><p>Default: <b>debug timestamp = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEBUGUID"></a>debug uid (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime - run as the connected user, this boolean parameter inserts the - current euid, egid, uid and gid to the timestamp message headers - in the log file if turned on.</p><p>Note that the parameter <a href="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><i><tt> - debug timestamp</tt></i></a> must be on for this to have an - effect.</p><p>Default: <b>debug uid = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEFAULTCASE"></a>default case (S)</span></dt><dd><p>See the section on <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING"> - NAME MANGLING</a>. Also note the <a href="#SHORTPRESERVECASE"> - <i><tt>short preserve case</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>default case = lower</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEFAULTDEVMODE"></a>default devmode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only applicable to <a href="#PRINTOK">printable</a> services. - When smbd is serving Printer Drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients, each printer on the Samba - server has a Device Mode which defines things such as paper size and - orientation and duplex settings. The device mode can only correctly be - generated by the printer driver itself (which can only be executed on a - Win32 platform). Because smbd is unable to execute the driver code - to generate the device mode, the default behavior is to set this field - to NULL. - </p><p>Most problems with serving printer drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients - can be traced to a problem with the generated device mode. Certain drivers - will do things such as crashing the client's Explorer.exe with a NULL devmode. - However, other printer drivers can cause the client's spooler service - (spoolsv.exe) to die if the devmode was not created by the driver itself - (i.e. smbd generates a default devmode). - </p><p>This parameter should be used with care and tested with the printer - driver in question. It is better to leave the device mode to NULL - and let the Windows client set the correct values. Because drivers do not - do this all the time, setting <b>default devmode = yes</b> - will instruct smbd to generate a default one. - </p><p>For more information on Windows NT/2k printing and Device Modes, - see the <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/" target="_top">MSDN documentation</a>. - </p><p>Default: <b>default devmode = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEFAULTSERVICE"></a>default service (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the name of a service - which will be connected to if the service actually requested cannot - be found. Note that the square brackets are <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> - given in the parameter value (see example below).</p><p>There is no default value for this parameter. If this - parameter is not given, attempting to connect to a nonexistent - service results in an error.</p><p>Typically the default service would be a <a href="#GUESTOK"> - <i><tt>guest ok</tt></i></a>, <a href="#READONLY"> - <i><tt>read-only</tt></i></a> service.</p><p>Also note that the apparent service name will be changed - to equal that of the requested service, this is very useful as it - allows you to use macros like <i><tt>%S</tt></i> to make - a wildcard service.</p><p>Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service - used in the default service will get mapped to a "/". This allows for - interesting things.</p><p>Example:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +> This parameter is only used modify existing file shares definitions. To modify + printer shares, use the "Printers..." folder as seen when browsing the Samba host. + </P +><P +> See also <A +HREF="#ADDSHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share + command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#DELETESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete + share command</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>change share command = /usr/local/bin/addshare</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="COMMENT" +></A +>comment (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a text field that is seen next to a share + when a client does a queries the server, either via the network + neighborhood or via <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net view</B +> to list what shares + are available.</P +><P +>If you want to set the string that is displayed next to the + machine name then see the <A +HREF="#SERVERSTRING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> server string</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>No comment string</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>comment = Fred's Files</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CONFIGFILE" +></A +>config file (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This allows you to override the config file + to use, instead of the default (usually <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>). + There is a chicken and egg problem here as this option is set + in the config file!</P +><P +>For this reason, if the name of the config file has changed + when the parameters are loaded then it will reload them from + the new config file.</P +><P +>This option takes the usual substitutions, which can + be very useful.</P +><P +>If the config file doesn't exist then it won't be loaded + (allowing you to special case the config files of just a few + clients).</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>config file = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="COPY" +></A +>copy (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows you to "clone" service + entries. The specified service is simply duplicated under the + current service's name. Any parameters specified in the current + section will override those in the section being copied.</P +><P +>This feature lets you set up a 'template' service and + create similar services easily. Note that the service being + copied must occur earlier in the configuration file than the + service doing the copying.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no value</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>copy = otherservice</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CREATEMASK" +></A +>create mask (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>A synonym for this parameter is + <A +HREF="#CREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mode</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>When a file is created, the necessary permissions are + calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX + permissions, and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed + with this parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise + MASK for the UNIX modes of a file. Any bit <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> + set here will be removed from the modes set on a file when it is + created.</P +><P +>The default value of this parameter removes the + 'group' and 'other' write and execute bits from the UNIX modes.</P +><P +>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode created + from this parameter with the value of the <A +HREF="#FORCECREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force create mode</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter which is set to 000 by default.</P +><P +>This parameter does not affect directory modes. See the + parameter <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mode + </I +></TT +></A +> for details.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#FORCECREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + create mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameter for forcing particular mode + bits to be set on created files. See also the <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMODE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameter for masking + mode bits on created directories. See also the <A +HREF="#INHERITPERMISSIONS" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>inherit permissions</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions + set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce + a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the <A +HREF="#SECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>create mask = 0744</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>create mask = 0775</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CREATEMODE" +></A +>create mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a synonym for <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> create mask</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="CSCPOLICY" +></A +>csc policy (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This stands for <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>client-side caching + policy</I +>, and specifies how clients capable of offline + caching will cache the files in the share. The valid values + are: manual, documents, programs, disable.</P +><P +>These values correspond to those used on Windows + servers.</P +><P +>For example, shares containing roaming profiles can have + offline caching disabled using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>csc policy = disable + </B +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>csc policy = manual</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>csc policy = programs</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEADTIME" +></A +>deadtime (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the parameter (a decimal integer) + represents the number of minutes of inactivity before a connection + is considered dead, and it is disconnected. The deadtime only takes + effect if the number of open files is zero.</P +><P +>This is useful to stop a server's resources being + exhausted by a large number of inactive connections.</P +><P +>Most clients have an auto-reconnect feature when a + connection is broken so in most cases this parameter should be + transparent to users.</P +><P +>Using this parameter with a timeout of a few minutes + is recommended for most systems.</P +><P +>A deadtime of zero indicates that no auto-disconnection + should be performed.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>deadtime = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>deadtime = 15</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEBUGHIRESTIMESTAMP" +></A +>debug hires timestamp (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Sometimes the timestamps in the log messages + are needed with a resolution of higher that seconds, this + boolean parameter adds microsecond resolution to the timestamp + message header when turned on.</P +><P +>Note that the parameter <A +HREF="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> debug timestamp</I +></TT +></A +> must be on for this to have an + effect.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debug hires timestamp = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEBUGPID" +></A +>debug pid (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>When using only one log file for more then one + forked <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +>-process there may be hard to follow which process + outputs which message. This boolean parameter is adds the process-id + to the timestamp message headers in the logfile when turned on.</P +><P +>Note that the parameter <A +HREF="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> debug timestamp</I +></TT +></A +> must be on for this to have an + effect.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debug pid = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +></A +>debug timestamp (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Samba debug log messages are timestamped + by default. If you are running at a high <A +HREF="#DEBUGLEVEL" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug level</I +></TT +></A +> these timestamps + can be distracting. This boolean parameter allows timestamping + to be turned off.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debug timestamp = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEBUGUID" +></A +>debug uid (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Samba is sometimes run as root and sometime + run as the connected user, this boolean parameter inserts the + current euid, egid, uid and gid to the timestamp message headers + in the log file if turned on.</P +><P +>Note that the parameter <A +HREF="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> debug timestamp</I +></TT +></A +> must be on for this to have an + effect.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debug uid = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEBUGLEVEL" +></A +>debuglevel (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#LOGLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> log level</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEFAULT" +></A +>default (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>A synonym for <A +HREF="#DEFAULTSERVICE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> default service</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEFAULTCASE" +></A +>default case (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>See the section on <A +HREF="#AEN205" +> NAME MANGLING</A +>. Also note the <A +HREF="#SHORTPRESERVECASE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>short preserve case</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>default case = lower</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEFAULTDEVMODE" +></A +>default devmode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only applicable to <A +HREF="#PRINTOK" +>printable</A +> services. When smbd is serving + Printer Drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients, each printer on the Samba + server has a Device Mode which defines things such as paper size and + orientation and duplex settings. The device mode can only correctly be + generated by the printer driver itself (which can only be executed on a + Win32 platform). Because smbd is unable to execute the driver code + to generate the device mode, the default behavior is to set this field + to NULL. + </P +><P +>Most problems with serving printer drivers to Windows NT/2k/XP clients + can be traced to a problem with the generated device mode. Certain drivers + will do things such as crashing the client's Explorer.exe with a NULL devmode. + However, other printer drivers can cause the client's spooler service + (spoolsv.exe) to die if the devmode was not created by the driver itself + (i.e. smbd generates a default devmode). + </P +><P +>This parameter should be used with care and tested with the printer + driver in question. It is better to leave the device mode to NULL + and let the Windows client set the correct values. Because drivers do not + do this all the time, setting <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>default devmode = yes</B +> + will instruct smbd to generate a default one. + </P +><P +>For more information on Windows NT/2k printing and Device Modes, + see the <A +HREF="http://msdn.microsoft.com/" +TARGET="_top" +>MSDN documentation</A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>default devmode = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DEFAULTSERVICE" +></A +>default service (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the name of a service + which will be connected to if the service actually requested cannot + be found. Note that the square brackets are <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> + given in the parameter value (see example below).</P +><P +>There is no default value for this parameter. If this + parameter is not given, attempting to connect to a nonexistent + service results in an error.</P +><P +>Typically the default service would be a <A +HREF="#GUESTOK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest ok</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#READONLY" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read-only</I +></TT +></A +> service.</P +><P +>Also note that the apparent service name will be changed + to equal that of the requested service, this is very useful as it + allows you to use macros like <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%S</I +></TT +> to make + a wildcard service.</P +><P +>Note also that any "_" characters in the name of the service + used in the default service will get mapped to a "/". This allows for + interesting things.</P +><P +>Example:</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] default service = pub [pub] path = /%S -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DEFAULT"></a>default (G)</span></dt><dd><p>A synonym for <a href="#DEFAULTSERVICE"><i><tt> - default service</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEGROUPSCRIPT"></a>delete group script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the full pathname to a script that will - be run <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when a group is requested to be deleted. - It will expand any <i><tt>%g</tt></i> to the group name passed. - This script is only useful for installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND"></a>deleteprinter command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printer - support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, it is now - possible to delete printer at run time by issuing the - DeletePrinter() RPC call.</p><p>For a Samba host this means that the printer must be - physically deleted from underlying printing system. The <i><tt> - deleteprinter command</tt></i> defines a script to be run which - will perform the necessary operations for removing the printer - from the print system and from <tt>smb.conf</tt>. - </p><p>The <i><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i> is - automatically called with only one parameter: <i><tt> - "printer name"</tt></i>.</p><p>Once the <i><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i> has - been executed, <b>smbd</b> will reparse the <tt> - smb.conf</tt> to associated printer no longer exists. - If the sharename is still valid, then <b>smbd - </b> will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.</p><p>See also <a href="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt> - addprinter command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PRINTING"> - <i><tt>printing</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD"><i><tt>show add - printer wizard</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>deleteprinter command = /usr/bin/removeprinter</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEREADONLY"></a>delete readonly (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows readonly files to be deleted. - This is not normal DOS semantics, but is allowed by UNIX.</p><p>This option may be useful for running applications such - as rcs, where UNIX file ownership prevents changing file - permissions, and DOS semantics prevent deletion of a read only file.</p><p>Default: <b>delete readonly = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETESHARECOMMAND"></a>delete share command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically - add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The - <i><tt>delete share command</tt></i> is used to define an - external program or script which will remove an existing service - definition from <tt>smb.conf</tt>. In order to successfully - execute the <i><tt>delete share command</tt></i>, <b>smbd</b> - requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. - uid == 0). - </p><p> - When executed, <b>smbd</b> will automatically invoke the - <i><tt>delete share command</tt></i> with two parameters. - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>configFile</tt></i> - the location - of the global <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>shareName</tt></i> - the name of + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEGROUPSCRIPT" +></A +>delete group script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> when a group is requested to be deleted. It will expand any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%g</I +></TT +> to the group name passed. This script is only useful for installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools. + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +></A +>deleteprinter command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printer + support for Windows NT/2000 clients in Samba 2.2, it is now + possible to delete printer at run time by issuing the + DeletePrinter() RPC call.</P +><P +>For a Samba host this means that the printer must be + physically deleted from underlying printing system. The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> deleteprinter command</I +></TT +> defines a script to be run which + will perform the necessary operations for removing the printer + from the print system and from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. + </P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deleteprinter command</I +></TT +> is + automatically called with only one parameter: <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> "printer name"</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>Once the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deleteprinter command</I +></TT +> has + been executed, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will reparse the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf</TT +> to associated printer no longer exists. + If the sharename is still valid, then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> will return an ACCESS_DENIED error to the client.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> addprinter command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>show add + printer wizard</I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>deleteprinter command = /usr/bin/removeprinter + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEREADONLY" +></A +>delete readonly (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows readonly files to be deleted. + This is not normal DOS semantics, but is allowed by UNIX.</P +><P +>This option may be useful for running applications such + as rcs, where UNIX file ownership prevents changing file + permissions, and DOS semantics prevent deletion of a read only file.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete readonly = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETESHARECOMMAND" +></A +>delete share command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Samba 2.2.0 introduced the ability to dynamically + add and delete shares via the Windows NT 4.0 Server Manager. The + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete share command</I +></TT +> is used to define an + external program or script which will remove an existing service + definition from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +>. In order to successfully + execute the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete share command</I +></TT +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> + requires that the administrator be connected using a root account (i.e. + uid == 0). + </P +><P +> When executed, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will automatically invoke the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete share command</I +></TT +> with two parameters. + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>configFile</I +></TT +> - the location + of the global <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>shareName</I +></TT +> - the name of the existing service. - </p></li></ul></div><p> - This parameter is only used to remove file shares. To delete printer shares, - see the <a href="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt>deleteprinter - command</tt></i></a>. - </p><p> - See also <a href="#ADDSHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>add share - command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND"><i><tt>change - share command</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>delete share command = /usr/local/bin/delshare</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEUSERFROMGROUPSCRIPT"></a>delete user from group script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Full path to the script that will be called when - a user is removed from a group using the Windows NT domain administration - tools. It will be run by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span>. - Any <i><tt>%g</tt></i> will be replaced with the group name and - any <i><tt>%u</tt></i> will be replaced with the user name. - </p><p>Default: <b>delete user from group script = </b></p><p>Example: <b>delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/deluser %u %g</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEUSERSCRIPT"></a>delete user script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the full pathname to a script that will - be run by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when managing users - with remote RPC (NT) tools. - </p><p>This script is called when a remote client removes a user - from the server, normally using 'User Manager for Domains' or - <b>rpcclient</b>.</p><p>This script should delete the given UNIX username.</p><p>Default: <b>delete user script = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>delete user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/del_user %u</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DELETEVETOFILES"></a>delete veto files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This option is used when Samba is attempting to - delete a directory that contains one or more vetoed directories - (see the <a href="#VETOFILES"><i><tt>veto files</tt></i></a> - option). If this option is set to <tt>no</tt> (the default) then if a vetoed - directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then the - directory delete will fail. This is usually what you want.</p><p>If this option is set to <tt>yes</tt>, then Samba - will attempt to recursively delete any files and directories within - the vetoed directory. This can be useful for integration with file - serving systems such as NetAtalk which create meta-files within - directories you might normally veto DOS/Windows users from seeing - (e.g. <tt>.AppleDouble</tt>)</p><p>Setting <b>delete veto files = yes</b> allows these - directories to be transparently deleted when the parent directory - is deleted (so long as the user has permissions to do so).</p><p>See also the <a href="#VETOFILES"><i><tt>veto - files</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>delete veto files = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DENYHOSTS"></a>deny hosts (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#HOSTSDENY"><i><tt>hosts - deny</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DFREECOMMAND"></a>dfree command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The <i><tt>dfree command</tt></i> setting - should only be used on systems where a problem occurs with the - internal disk space calculations. This has been known to happen - with Ultrix, but may occur with other operating systems. The - symptom that was seen was an error of "Abort Retry - Ignore" at the end of each directory listing.</p><p>This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to - calculate the total disk space and amount available with an external - routine. The example below gives a possible script that might fulfill - this function.</p><p>The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating - a directory in the filesystem being queried. This will typically consist - of the string <tt>./</tt>. The script should return two - integers in ASCII. The first should be the total disk space in blocks, - and the second should be the number of available blocks. An optional - third return value can give the block size in bytes. The default - blocksize is 1024 bytes.</p><p>Note: Your script should <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be setuid or - setgid and should be owned by (and writeable only by) root!</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>By default internal routines for - determining the disk capacity and remaining space will be used. - </em></span></p><p>Example: <b>dfree command = /usr/local/samba/bin/dfree</b></p><p>Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#!/bin/sh -df $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $2" "$4}' -</pre><p>or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#!/bin/sh -/usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $3" "$5}' -</pre><p>Note that you may have to replace the command names with full path names on some systems.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DIRECTORYMASK"></a>directory mask (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is the octal modes which are - used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX - directories.</p><p>When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are - calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, - and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed with this - parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for - the UNIX modes of a directory. Any bit <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> set - here will be removed from the modes set on a directory when it is - created.</p><p>The default value of this parameter removes the 'group' - and 'other' write bits from the UNIX mode, allowing only the - user who owns the directory to modify it.</p><p>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode - created from this parameter with the value of the <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"> - <i><tt>force directory mode</tt></i></a> parameter. - This parameter is set to 000 by default (i.e. no extra mode bits are added).</p><p>Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions - set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce - a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the <a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"> - <i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></a>.</p><p>See the <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><i><tt>force - directory mode</tt></i></a> parameter to cause particular mode - bits to always be set on created directories.</p><p>See also the <a href="#CREATEMODE"><i><tt>create mode - </tt></i></a> parameter for masking mode bits on created files, - and the <a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><i><tt>directory - security mask</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Also refer to the <a href="#INHERITPERMISSIONS"><i><tt> - inherit permissions</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>directory mask = 0755</b></p><p>Example: <b>directory mask = 0775</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DIRECTORYMODE"></a>directory mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#DIRECTORYMASK"><i><tt> - directory mask</tt></i></a></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"></a>directory security mask (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits - can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX - permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog - box.</p><p>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to - the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in - this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this - mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed - to change.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0777 - meaning a user is allowed to modify all the user/group/world - permissions on a directory.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that users who can access the - Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, - so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. - Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave - it as the default of <tt>0777</tt>.</p><p>See also the <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"><i><tt> - force directory security mode</tt></i></a>, <a href="#SECURITYMASK"> - <i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#FORCESECURITYMODE"><i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>directory security mask = 0777</b></p><p>Example: <b>directory security mask = 0700</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DIRECTORY"></a>directory (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#PATH"><i><tt>path</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DISABLENETBIOS"></a>disable netbios (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Enabling this parameter will disable netbios support - in Samba. Netbios is the only available form of browsing in - all windows versions except for 2000 and XP. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Note that clients that only support netbios won't be able to - see your samba server when netbios support is disabled. - </p></div><p>Default: <b>disable netbios = no</b></p><p>Example: <b>disable netbios = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DISABLESPOOLSS"></a>disable spoolss (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Enabling this parameter will disable Samba's support - for the SPOOLSS set of MS-RPC's and will yield identical behavior - as Samba 2.0.x. Windows NT/2000 clients will downgrade to using - Lanman style printing commands. Windows 9x/ME will be uneffected by - the parameter. However, this will also disable the ability to upload - printer drivers to a Samba server via the Windows NT Add Printer - Wizard or by using the NT printer properties dialog window. It will - also disable the capability of Windows NT/2000 clients to download - print drivers from the Samba host upon demand. - <span class="emphasis"><em>Be very careful about enabling this parameter.</em></span> - </p><p>See also <a href="#USECLIENTDRIVER">use client driver</a> - </p><p>Default : <b>disable spoolss = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DISPLAYCHARSET"></a>display charset (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies the charset that samba will use - to print messages to stdout and stderr and SWAT will use. - Should generally be the same as the <b>unix charset</b>. - </p><p>Default: <b>display charset = ASCII</b></p><p>Example: <b>display charset = UTF8</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DNSPROXY"></a>dns proxy (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies that <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> when acting as a WINS server and - finding that a NetBIOS name has not been registered, should treat the - NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS name and do a lookup with the DNS server - for that name on behalf of the name-querying client.</p><p>Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 - characters, so the DNS name (or DNS alias) can likewise only be - 15 characters, maximum.</p><p><b>nmbd</b> spawns a second copy of itself to do the - DNS name lookup requests, as doing a name lookup is a blocking - action.</p><p>See also the parameter <a href="#WINSSUPPORT"><i><tt> - wins support</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>dns proxy = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOMAINLOGONS"></a>domain logons (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If set to <tt>yes</tt>, the Samba server will serve - Windows 95/98 Domain logons for the <a href="#WORKGROUP"> - <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i></a> it is in. Samba 2.2 - has limited capability to act as a domain controller for Windows - NT 4 Domains. For more details on setting up this feature see - the Samba-PDC-HOWTO included in the Samba documentation.</p><p>Default: <b>domain logons = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOMAINMASTER"></a>domain master (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Tell <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> to enable WAN-wide browse list - collation. Setting this option causes <b>nmbd</b> to - claim a special domain specific NetBIOS name that identifies - it as a domain master browser for its given <a href="#WORKGROUP"> - <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i></a>. Local master browsers - in the same <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i> on broadcast-isolated - subnets will give this <b>nmbd</b> their local browse lists, - and then ask <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> for a complete copy of the browse - list for the whole wide area network. Browser clients will then contact - their local master browser, and will receive the domain-wide browse list, - instead of just the list for their broadcast-isolated subnet.</p><p>Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be - able to claim this <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i> specific special - NetBIOS name that identifies them as domain master browsers for - that <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i> by default (i.e. there is no - way to prevent a Windows NT PDC from attempting to do this). This - means that if this parameter is set and <b>nmbd</b> claims - the special name for a <i><tt>workgroup</tt></i> before a Windows - NT PDC is able to do so then cross subnet browsing will behave - strangely and may fail.</p><p>If <a href="#DOMAINLOGONS"><b>domain logons = yes</b> - </a>, then the default behavior is to enable the <i><tt>domain - master</tt></i> parameter. If <i><tt>domain logons</tt></i> is - not enabled (the default setting), then neither will <i><tt>domain - master</tt></i> be enabled by default.</p><p>Default: <b>domain master = auto</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DONTDESCEND"></a>dont descend (S)</span></dt><dd><p>There are certain directories on some systems - (e.g., the <tt>/proc</tt> tree under Linux) that are either not - of interest to clients or are infinitely deep (recursive). This - parameter allows you to specify a comma-delimited list of directories - that the server should always show as empty.</p><p>Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format - of the "dont descend" entries. For example you may need <tt> - ./proc</tt> instead of just <tt>/proc</tt>. - Experimentation is the best policy :-) </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (i.e., all directories are OK - to descend)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>dont descend = /proc,/dev</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOSCHARSET"></a>dos charset (G)</span></dt><dd><p>DOS SMB clients assume the server has - the same charset as they do. This option specifies which - charset Samba should talk to DOS clients. - </p><p>The default depends on which charsets you have installed. - Samba tries to use charset 850 but falls back to ASCII in - case it is not available. Run <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a> to check the default on your system.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOSFILEMODE"></a>dos filemode (S)</span></dt><dd><p> The default behavior in Samba is to provide - UNIX-like behavior where only the owner of a file/directory is - able to change the permissions on it. However, this behavior - is often confusing to DOS/Windows users. Enabling this parameter - allows a user who has write access to the file (by whatever - means) to modify the permissions on it. Note that a user - belonging to the group owning the file will not be allowed to - change permissions if the group is only granted read access. - Ownership of the file/directory is not changed, only the permissions - are modified.</p><p>Default: <b>dos filemode = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOSFILETIMERESOLUTION"></a>dos filetime resolution (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the finest - granularity on time resolution is two seconds. Setting this parameter - for a share causes Samba to round the reported time down to the - nearest two second boundary when a query call that requires one second - resolution is made to <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>.</p><p>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual - C++ when used against Samba shares. If oplocks are enabled on a - share, Visual C++ uses two different time reading calls to check if a - file has changed since it was last read. One of these calls uses a - one-second granularity, the other uses a two second granularity. As - the two second call rounds any odd second down, then if the file has a - timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps will not - match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has changed. Setting - this option causes the two timestamps to match, and Visual C++ is - happy.</p><p>Default: <b>dos filetime resolution = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="DOSFILETIMES"></a>dos filetimes (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to a - file they can change the timestamp on it. Under POSIX semantics, - only the owner of the file or root may change the timestamp. By - default, Samba runs with POSIX semantics and refuses to change the - timestamp on a file if the user <b>smbd</b> is acting - on behalf of is not the file owner. Setting this option to <tt> - yes</tt> allows DOS semantics and <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will change the file - timestamp as DOS requires.</p><p>Default: <b>dos filetimes = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"></a>encrypt passwords (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean controls whether encrypted passwords - will be negotiated with the client. Note that Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and - above and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords - unless a registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in - Samba see the chapter "User Database" in the Samba HOWTO Collection. </p><p>In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> must either - have access to a local <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> file (see the <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a> program for information on how to set up - and maintain this file), or set the <a href="#SECURITY">security = [server|domain|ads]</a> parameter which - causes <b>smbd</b> to authenticate against another - server.</p><p>Default: <b>encrypt passwords = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ENHANCEDBROWSING"></a>enhanced browsing (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option enables a couple of enhancements to - cross-subnet browse propagation that have been added in Samba - but which are not standard in Microsoft implementations. - </p><p>The first enhancement to browse propagation consists of a regular - wildcard query to a Samba WINS server for all Domain Master Browsers, - followed by a browse synchronization with each of the returned - DMBs. The second enhancement consists of a regular randomised browse - synchronization with all currently known DMBs.</p><p>You may wish to disable this option if you have a problem with empty - workgroups not disappearing from browse lists. Due to the restrictions - of the browse protocols these enhancements can cause a empty workgroup - to stay around forever which can be annoying.</p><p>In general you should leave this option enabled as it makes - cross-subnet browse propagation much more reliable.</p><p>Default: <b>enhanced browsing = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ENUMPORTSCOMMAND"></a>enumports command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The concept of a "port" is fairly foreign - to UNIX hosts. Under Windows NT/2000 print servers, a port - is associated with a port monitor and generally takes the form of - a local port (i.e. LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:) or a remote port - (i.e. LPD Port Monitor, etc...). By default, Samba has only one - port defined--<tt>"Samba Printer Port"</tt>. Under - Windows NT/2000, all printers must have a valid port name. - If you wish to have a list of ports displayed (<b>smbd - </b> does not use a port name for anything) other than - the default <tt>"Samba Printer Port"</tt>, you - can define <i><tt>enumports command</tt></i> to point to - a program which should generate a list of ports, one per line, - to standard output. This listing will then be used in response - to the level 1 and 2 EnumPorts() RPC.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no enumports command</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>enumports command = /usr/bin/listports</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="EXEC"></a>exec (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a synonym for <a href="#PREEXEC"> - <i><tt>preexec</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FAKEDIRECTORYCREATETIMES"></a>fake directory create times (S)</span></dt><dd><p>NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a create - time for all files and directories. This is not the same as the - ctime - status change time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default - reports the earliest of the various times Unix does keep. Setting - this parameter for a share causes Samba to always report midnight - 1-1-1980 as the create time for directories.</p><p>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for - Visual C++ when used against Samba shares. Visual C++ generated - makefiles have the object directory as a dependency for each object - file, and a make rule to create the directory. Also, when NMAKE - compares timestamps it uses the creation time when examining a - directory. Thus the object directory will be created if it does not - exist, but once it does exist it will always have an earlier - timestamp than the object files it contains.</p><p>However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time - reported by Samba will be updated whenever a file is created or - or deleted in the directory. NMAKE finds all object files in - the object directory. The timestamp of the last one built is then - compared to the timestamp of the object directory. If the - directory's timestamp if newer, then all object files - will be rebuilt. Enabling this option - ensures directories always predate their contents and an NMAKE build - will proceed as expected.</p><p>Default: <b>fake directory create times = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FAKEOPLOCKS"></a>fake oplocks (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission - from a server to locally cache file operations. If a server grants - an oplock (opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume - that it is the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively - cache file data. With some oplock types the client may even cache - file open/close operations. This can give enormous performance benefits. - </p><p>When you set <b>fake oplocks = yes</b>, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will - always grant oplock requests no matter how many clients are using the file.</p><p>It is generally much better to use the real <a href="#OPLOCKS"> - <i><tt>oplocks</tt></i></a> support rather - than this parameter.</p><p>If you enable this option on all read-only shares or - shares that you know will only be accessed from one client at a - time such as physically read-only media like CDROMs, you will see - a big performance improvement on many operations. If you enable - this option on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the - files read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use - this option carefully!</p><p>Default: <b>fake oplocks = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FOLLOWSYMLINKS"></a>follow symlinks (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows the Samba administrator - to stop <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> from following symbolic - links in a particular share. Setting this - parameter to <tt>no</tt> prevents any file or directory - that is a symbolic link from being followed (the user will get an - error). This option is very useful to stop users from adding a - symbolic link to <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> in their home - directory for instance. However it will slow filename lookups - down slightly.</p><p>This option is enabled (i.e. <b>smbd</b> will - follow symbolic links) by default.</p><p>Default: <b>follow symlinks = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCECREATEMODE"></a>force create mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit - permissions that will <span class="emphasis"><em>always</em></span> be set on a - file created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto - the mode bits of a file that is being created or having its - permissions changed. The default for this parameter is (in octal) - 000. The modes in this parameter are bitwise 'OR'ed onto the file - mode after the mask set in the <i><tt>create mask</tt></i> - parameter is applied.</p><p>See also the parameter <a href="#CREATEMASK"><i><tt>create - mask</tt></i></a> for details on masking mode bits on files.</p><p>See also the <a href="#INHERITPERMISSIONS"><i><tt>inherit - permissions</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>force create mode = 000</b></p><p>Example: <b>force create mode = 0755</b></p><p>would force all created files to have read and execute - permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the - read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"></a>force directory mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit - permissions that will <span class="emphasis"><em>always</em></span> be set on a directory - created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto the - mode bits of a directory that is being created. The default for this - parameter is (in octal) 0000 which will not add any extra permission - bits to a created directory. This operation is done after the mode - mask in the parameter <i><tt>directory mask</tt></i> is - applied.</p><p>See also the parameter <a href="#DIRECTORYMASK"><i><tt> - directory mask</tt></i></a> for details on masking mode bits - on created directories.</p><p>See also the <a href="#INHERITPERMISSIONS"><i><tt> - inherit permissions</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>force directory mode = 000</b></p><p>Example: <b>force directory mode = 0755</b></p><p>would force all created directories to have read and execute - permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the - read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"></a>force directory security mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits - can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX - permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.</p><p>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the - changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that - the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this - mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security - on a directory, the user has always set to be 'on'.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is 000, which - allows a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a - directory without restrictions.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that users who can access the - Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, - so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. - Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave - it set as 0000.</p><p>See also the <a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><i><tt> - directory security mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#SECURITYMASK"> - <i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#FORCESECURITYMODE"><i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>force directory security mode = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>force directory security mode = 700</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCEGROUP"></a>force group (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies a UNIX group name that will be - assigned as the default primary group for all users connecting - to this service. This is useful for sharing files by ensuring - that all access to files on service will use the named group for - their permissions checking. Thus, by assigning permissions for this - group to the files and directories within this service the Samba - administrator can restrict or allow sharing of these files.</p><p>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended - functionality in the following way. If the group name listed here - has a '+' character prepended to it then the current user accessing - the share only has the primary group default assigned to this group - if they are already assigned as a member of that group. This allows - an administrator to decide that only users who are already in a - particular group will create files with group ownership set to that - group. This gives a finer granularity of ownership assignment. For - example, the setting <tt>force group = +sys</tt> means - that only users who are already in group sys will have their default - primary group assigned to sys when accessing this Samba share. All - other users will retain their ordinary primary group.</p><p>If the <a href="#FORCEUSER"><i><tt>force user</tt></i> - </a> parameter is also set the group specified in - <i><tt>force group</tt></i> will override the primary group - set in <i><tt>force user</tt></i>.</p><p>See also <a href="#FORCEUSER"><i><tt>force user</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no forced group</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>force group = agroup</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCESECURITYMODE"></a>force security mode (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls what UNIX permission - bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating - the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security dialog - box.</p><p>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the - changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that - the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this - mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security - on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0, - and allows a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file, - with no restrictions.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that users who can access - the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, - so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. - Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave - this set to 0000.</p><p>See also the <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"><i><tt> - force directory security mode</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><i><tt>directory security - mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#SECURITYMASK"><i><tt> - security mask</tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>force security mode = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>force security mode = 700</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FORCEUSER"></a>force user (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies a UNIX user name that will be - assigned as the default user for all users connecting to this service. - This is useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully - as using it incorrectly can cause security problems.</p><p>This user name only gets used once a connection is established. - Thus clients still need to connect as a valid user and supply a - valid password. Once connected, all file operations will be performed - as the "forced user", no matter what username the client connected - as. This can be very useful.</p><p>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the - primary group of the forced user to be used as the primary group - for all file activity. Prior to 2.0.5 the primary group was left - as the primary group of the connecting user (this was a bug).</p><p>See also <a href="#FORCEGROUP"><i><tt>force group</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no forced user</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>force user = auser</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="FSTYPE"></a>fstype (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows the administrator to - configure the string that specifies the type of filesystem a share - is using that is reported by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when a client queries the filesystem type - for a share. The default type is <tt>NTFS</tt> for - compatibility with Windows NT but this can be changed to other - strings such as <tt>Samba</tt> or <tt>FAT - </tt> if required.</p><p>Default: <b>fstype = NTFS</b></p><p>Example: <b>fstype = Samba</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="GETWDCACHE"></a>getwd cache (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a tuning option. When this is enabled a - caching algorithm will be used to reduce the time taken for getwd() - calls. This can have a significant impact on performance, especially - when the <a href="#WIDELINKS"><i><tt>wide links</tt></i> - </a> parameter is set to <tt>no</tt>.</p><p>Default: <b>getwd cache = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="GROUP"></a>group (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#FORCEGROUP"> - <i><tt>force group</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="GUESTACCOUNT"></a>guest account (G,S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a username which will be used for access - to services which are specified as <a href="#GUESTOK"><i><tt> - guest ok</tt></i></a> (see below). Whatever privileges this - user has will be available to any client connecting to the guest service. - Typically this user will exist in the password file, but will not - have a valid login. The user account "ftp" is often a good choice - for this parameter. If a username is specified in a given service, - the specified username overrides this one. - </p><p>One some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not - be able to print. Use another account in this case. You should test - this by trying to log in as your guest user (perhaps by using the - <b>su -</b> command) and trying to print using the - system print command such as <b>lpr(1)</b> or <b> - lp(1)</b>.</p><p>This parameter does not accept % macros, because - many parts of the system require this value to be - constant for correct operation.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>specified at compile time, usually "nobody"</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>guest account = ftp</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="GUESTOK"></a>guest ok (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is <tt>yes</tt> for - a service, then no password is required to connect to the service. - Privileges will be those of the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"><i><tt> - guest account</tt></i></a>.</p><p>This paramater nullifies the benifits of setting - <a href="#RESTRICTANONYMOUS"><i><tt>restrict - anonymous</tt></i></a> = 2</p><p>See the section below on <a href="#SECURITY"><i><tt> - security</tt></i></a> for more information about this option. - </p><p>Default: <b>guest ok = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="GUESTONLY"></a>guest only (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is <tt>yes</tt> for - a service, then only guest connections to the service are permitted. - This parameter will have no effect if <a href="#GUESTOK"> - <i><tt>guest ok</tt></i></a> is not set for the service.</p><p>See the section below on <a href="#SECURITY"><i><tt> - security</tt></i></a> for more information about this option. - </p><p>Default: <b>guest only = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDEDOTFILES"></a>hide dot files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean parameter that controls whether - files starting with a dot appear as hidden files.</p><p>Default: <b>hide dot files = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDEFILES"></a>hide files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of files or directories that are not - visible but are accessible. The DOS 'hidden' attribute is applied - to any files or directories that match.</p><p>Each entry in the list must be separated by a '/', - which allows spaces to be included in the entry. '*' - and '?' can be used to specify multiple files or directories - as in DOS wildcards.</p><p>Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must - not include the Unix directory separator '/'.</p><p>Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable - in hiding files.</p><p>Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, - as it will be forced to check all files and directories for a match - as they are scanned.</p><p>See also <a href="#HIDEDOTFILES"><i><tt>hide - dot files</tt></i></a>, <a href="#VETOFILES"><i><tt> - veto files</tt></i></a> and <a href="#CASESENSITIVE"> - <i><tt>case sensitive</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no file are hidden</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>hide files = - /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/</b></p><p>The above example is based on files that the Macintosh - SMB client (DAVE) available from <a href="http://www.thursby.com" target="_top"> - Thursby</a> creates for internal use, and also still hides - all files beginning with a dot.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDELOCALUSERS"></a>hide local users (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter toggles the hiding of local UNIX - users (root, wheel, floppy, etc) from remote clients.</p><p>Default: <b>hide local users = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDESPECIALFILES"></a>hide special files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter prevents clients from seeing - special files such as sockets, devices and fifo's in directory - listings. - </p><p>Default: <b>hide special files = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDEUNREADABLE"></a>hide unreadable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter prevents clients from seeing the - existance of files that cannot be read. Defaults to off.</p><p>Default: <b>hide unreadable = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HIDEUNWRITEABLEFILES"></a>hide unwriteable files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter prevents clients from seeing - the existance of files that cannot be written to. Defaults to off. - Note that unwriteable directories are shown as usual. - </p><p>Default: <b>hide unwriteable = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOMEDIRMAP"></a>homedir map (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If<a href="#NISHOMEDIR"><i><tt>nis homedir - </tt></i></a> is <tt>yes</tt>, and <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> is also acting - as a Win95/98 <i><tt>logon server</tt></i> then this parameter - specifies the NIS (or YP) map from which the server for the user's - home directory should be extracted. At present, only the Sun - auto.home map format is understood. The form of the map is:</p><p><b>username server:/some/file/system</b></p><p>and the program will extract the servername from before - the first ':'. There should probably be a better parsing system - that copes with different map formats and also Amd (another - automounter) maps.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>A working NIS client is required on - the system for this option to work.</p></div><p>See also <a href="#NISHOMEDIR"><i><tt>nis homedir</tt></i> - </a>, <a href="#DOMAINLOGONS"><i><tt>domain logons</tt></i> - </a>.</p><p>Default: <b>homedir map = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>homedir map = amd.homedir</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOSTMSDFS"></a>host msdfs (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter is only available - if Samba has been configured and compiled with the <b> - --with-msdfs</b> option. If set to <tt>yes</tt>, - Samba will act as a Dfs server, and allow Dfs-aware clients - to browse Dfs trees hosted on the server.</p><p>See also the <a href="#MSDFSROOT"><i><tt> - msdfs root</tt></i></a> share level parameter. For - more information on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, - refer to <a href="msdfs_setup.html" target="_top">msdfs_setup.html</a>. - </p><p>Default: <b>host msdfs = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOSTNAMELOOKUPS"></a>hostname lookups (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies whether samba should use (expensive) - hostname lookups or use the ip addresses instead. An example place - where hostname lookups are currently used is when checking - the <b>hosts deny</b> and <b>hosts allow</b>. - </p><p>Default: <b>hostname lookups = yes</b></p><p>Example: <b>hostname lookups = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOSTSALLOW"></a>hosts allow (S)</span></dt><dd><p>A synonym for this parameter is <i><tt>allow - hosts</tt></i>.</p><p>This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited - set of hosts which are permitted to access a service.</p><p>If specified in the [global] section then it will - apply to all services, regardless of whether the individual - service has a different setting.</p><p>You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For - example, you could restrict access to only the hosts on a - Class C subnet with something like <b>allow hosts = 150.203.5. - </b>. The full syntax of the list is described in the man - page <tt>hosts_access(5)</tt>. Note that this man - page may not be present on your system, so a brief description will - be given here also.</p><p>Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always - be allowed access unless specifically denied by a <a href="#HOSTSDENY"> - <i><tt>hosts deny</tt></i></a> option.</p><p>You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and - by netgroup names if your system supports netgroups. The - <span class="emphasis"><em>EXCEPT</em></span> keyword can also be used to limit a - wildcard list. The following examples may provide some help:</p><p>Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one</p><p><b>hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66</b></p><p>Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask</p><p><b>hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0</b></p><p>Example 3: allow a couple of hosts</p><p><b>hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur</b></p><p>Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but - deny access from one particular host</p><p><b>hosts allow = @foonet</b></p><p><b>hosts deny = pirate</b></p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords.</p></div><p>See <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a> for a way of testing your host access - to see if it does what you expect.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (i.e., all hosts permitted access)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>allow hosts = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.edu.au</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOSTSDENY"></a>hosts deny (S)</span></dt><dd><p>The opposite of <i><tt>hosts allow</tt></i> - - hosts listed here are <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> permitted access to - services unless the specific services have their own lists to override - this one. Where the lists conflict, the <i><tt>allow</tt></i> - list takes precedence.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (i.e., no hosts specifically excluded)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>hosts deny = 150.203.4. badhost.mynet.edu.au</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="HOSTSEQUIV"></a>hosts equiv (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If this global parameter is a non-null string, - it specifies the name of a file to read for the names of hosts - and users who will be allowed access without specifying a password. - </p><p>This is not be confused with <a href="#HOSTSALLOW"> - <i><tt>hosts allow</tt></i></a> which is about hosts - access to services and is more useful for guest services. <i><tt> - hosts equiv</tt></i> may be useful for NT clients which will - not supply passwords to Samba.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>The use of <i><tt>hosts equiv - </tt></i> can be a major security hole. This is because you are - trusting the PC to supply the correct username. It is very easy to - get a PC to supply a false username. I recommend that the - <i><tt>hosts equiv</tt></i> option be only used if you really - know what you are doing, or perhaps on a home network where you trust - your spouse and kids. And only if you <span class="emphasis"><em>really</em></span> trust - them :-).</p></div><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no host equivalences</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>hosts equiv = /etc/hosts.equiv</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="INCLUDE"></a>include (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This allows you to include one config file - inside another. The file is included literally, as though typed - in place.</p><p>It takes the standard substitutions, except <i><tt>%u - </tt></i>, <i><tt>%P</tt></i> and <i><tt>%S</tt></i>. - </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no file included</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>include = /usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="INHERITACLS"></a>inherit acls (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter can be used to ensure that if default acls - exist on parent directories, they are always honored when creating a - subdirectory. The default behavior is to use the mode specified when - creating the directory. Enabling this option sets the mode to 0777, - thus guaranteeing that default directory acls are propagated. - </p><p>Default: <b>inherit acls = no</b> -</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="INHERITPERMISSIONS"></a>inherit permissions (S)</span></dt><dd><p>The permissions on new files and directories - are normally governed by <a href="#CREATEMASK"><i><tt> - create mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#DIRECTORYMASK"> - <i><tt>directory mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#FORCECREATEMODE"> - <i><tt>force create mode</tt></i> - </a> and <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"><i><tt>force - directory mode</tt></i></a> but the boolean inherit - permissions parameter overrides this.</p><p>New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, - including bits such as setgid.</p><p>New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent - directory. Their execute bits continue to be determined by - <a href="#MAPARCHIVE"><i><tt>map archive</tt></i> - </a>, <a href="#MAPHIDDEN"><i><tt>map hidden</tt></i> - </a> and <a href="#MAPSYSTEM"><i><tt>map system</tt></i> - </a> as usual.</p><p>Note that the setuid bit is <span class="emphasis"><em>never</em></span> set via - inheritance (the code explicitly prohibits this).</p><p>This can be particularly useful on large systems with - many users, perhaps several thousand, to allow a single [homes] - share to be used flexibly by each user.</p><p>See also <a href="#CREATEMASK"><i><tt>create mask - </tt></i></a>, <a href="#DIRECTORYMASK"><i><tt> - directory mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#FORCECREATEMODE"> - <i><tt>force create mode</tt></i></a> and <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE"> - <i><tt>force directory mode</tt></i> - </a>.</p><p>Default: <b>inherit permissions = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="INTERFACES"></a>interfaces (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override the default - network interfaces list that Samba will use for browsing, name - registration and other NBT traffic. By default Samba will query - the kernel for the list of all active interfaces and use any - interfaces except 127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.</p><p>The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string - can be in any of the following forms:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>a network interface name (such as eth0). - This may include shell-like wildcards so eth* will match - any interface starting with the substring "eth"</p></li><li><p>an IP address. In this case the netmask is - determined from the list of interfaces obtained from the - kernel</p></li><li><p>an IP/mask pair. </p></li><li><p>a broadcast/mask pair.</p></li></ul></div><p>The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such - as 24 for a C class network) or a full netmask in dotted - decimal form.</p><p>The "IP" parameters above can either be a full dotted - decimal IP address or a hostname which will be looked up via - the OS's normal hostname resolution mechanisms.</p><p>For example, the following line:</p><p><b>interfaces = eth0 192.168.2.10/24 192.168.3.10/255.255.255.0</b></p><p>would configure three network interfaces corresponding - to the eth0 device and IP addresses 192.168.2.10 and 192.168.3.10. - The netmasks of the latter two interfaces would be set to 255.255.255.0.</p><p>See also <a href="#BINDINTERFACESONLY"><i><tt>bind - interfaces only</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>all active interfaces except 127.0.0.1 - that are broadcast capable</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="INVALIDUSERS"></a>invalid users (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users that should not be allowed - to login to this service. This is really a <span class="emphasis"><em>paranoid</em></span> - check to absolutely ensure an improper setting does not breach - your security.</p><p>A name starting with a '@' is interpreted as an NIS - netgroup first (if your system supports NIS), and then as a UNIX - group if the name was not found in the NIS netgroup database.</p><p>A name starting with '+' is interpreted only - by looking in the UNIX group database. A name starting with - '&' is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup database - (this requires NIS to be working on your system). The characters - '+' and '&' may be used at the start of the name in either order - so the value <i><tt>+&group</tt></i> means check the - UNIX group database, followed by the NIS netgroup database, and - the value <i><tt>&+group</tt></i> means check the NIS - netgroup database, followed by the UNIX group database (the - same as the '@' prefix).</p><p>The current servicename is substituted for <i><tt>%S</tt></i>. - This is useful in the [homes] section.</p><p>See also <a href="#VALIDUSERS"><i><tt>valid users - </tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no invalid users</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>invalid users = root fred admin @wheel</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="KEEPALIVE"></a>keepalive (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the parameter (an integer) represents - the number of seconds between <i><tt>keepalive</tt></i> - packets. If this parameter is zero, no keepalive packets will be - sent. Keepalive packets, if sent, allow the server to tell whether - a client is still present and responding.</p><p>Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket - being used has the SO_KEEPALIVE attribute set on it (see <a href="#SOCKETOPTIONS"> - <i><tt>socket options</tt></i></a>). - Basically you should only use this option if you strike difficulties.</p><p>Default: <b>keepalive = 300</b></p><p>Example: <b>keepalive = 600</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="KERNELOPLOCKS"></a>kernel oplocks (G)</span></dt><dd><p>For UNIXes that support kernel based <a href="#OPLOCKS"> - <i><tt>oplocks</tt></i></a> - (currently only IRIX and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this parameter - allows the use of them to be turned on or off.</p><p>Kernel oplocks support allows Samba <i><tt>oplocks - </tt></i> to be broken whenever a local UNIX process or NFS operation - accesses a file that <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> has oplocked. This allows complete - data consistency between SMB/CIFS, NFS and local file access (and is - a <span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> cool feature :-).</p><p>This parameter defaults to <tt>on</tt>, but is translated - to a no-op on systems that no not have the necessary kernel support. - You should never need to touch this parameter.</p><p>See also the <a href="#OPLOCKS"><i><tt>oplocks</tt></i> - </a> and <a href="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS"><i><tt>level2 oplocks - </tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>kernel oplocks = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LANMANAUTH"></a>lanman auth (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines whether or not <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will attempt to authenticate users - using the LANMAN password hash. If disabled, only clients which support NT - password hashes (e.g. Windows NT/2000 clients, smbclient, etc... but not - Windows 95/98 or the MS DOS network client) will be able to connect to the Samba host.</p><p>Default : <b>lanman auth = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LARGEREADWRITE"></a>large readwrite (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines whether or not - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> supports the new 64k - streaming read and write varient SMB requests introduced with - Windows 2000. Note that due to Windows 2000 client redirector bugs - this requires Samba to be running on a 64-bit capable operating - system such as IRIX, Solaris or a Linux 2.4 kernel. Can improve - performance by 10% with Windows 2000 clients. Defaults to on. Not as - tested as some other Samba code paths.</p><p>Default: <b>large readwrite = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPADMINDN"></a>ldap admin dn (G)</span></dt><dd><p> The <i><tt>ldap admin dn</tt></i> - defines the Distinguished Name (DN) name used by Samba to - contact the ldap server when retreiving user account - information. The <i><tt>ldap admin - dn</tt></i> is used in conjunction with the admin dn password - stored in the <tt>private/secrets.tdb</tt> file. - See the <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a> man page for more - information on how to accmplish this.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPDELETEDN"></a>ldap delete dn (G)</span></dt><dd><p> This parameter specifies whether a delete - operation in the ldapsam deletes the complete entry or only the attributes - specific to Samba. - </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>ldap delete dn = no</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPFILTER"></a>ldap filter (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the RFC 2254 compliant LDAP search filter. - The default is to match the login name with the <tt>uid</tt> - attribute for all entries matching the <tt>sambaAccount</tt> - objectclass. Note that this filter should only return one entry. - </p><p>Default: <b>ldap filter = (&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaAccount))</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPMACHINESUFFIX"></a>ldap machine suffix (G)</span></dt><dd><p>It specifies where machines should be added to the ldap tree.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPPASSWDSYNC"></a>ldap passwd sync (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option is used to define whether - or not Samba should sync the LDAP password with the NT - and LM hashes for normal accounts (NOT for - workstation, server or domain trusts) on a password - change via SAMBA. - </p><p>The <i><tt>ldap passwd - sync</tt></i> can be set to one of three values: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>Yes</tt></i> = Try - to update the LDAP, NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>No</tt></i> = Update NT and - LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>Only</tt></i> = Only update - the LDAP password and let the LDAP server do the rest.</p></li></ul></div><p>Default: <b>ldap passwd sync = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPPORT"></a>ldap port (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba has been - configure to include the <b>--with-ldapsam</b> option - at compile time.</p><p>This option is used to control the tcp port number used to contact - the <a href="#LDAPSERVER"><i><tt>ldap server</tt></i></a>. - The default is to use the stand LDAPS port 636.</p><p>See Also: <a href="#LDAPSSL">ldap ssl</a></p><p>Default : <b>ldap port = 636 ; if ldap ssl = on</b></p><p>Default : <b>ldap port = 389 ; if ldap ssl = off</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPSERVER"></a>ldap server (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba has been - configure to include the <b>--with-ldapsam</b> - option at compile time.</p><p>This parameter should contain the FQDN of the ldap directory - server which should be queried to locate user account information. - </p><p>Default : <b>ldap server = localhost</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPSSL"></a>ldap ssl (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option is used to define whether or not Samba should - use SSL when connecting to the ldap server - This is <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> related to - Samba's previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying the - <b>--with-ssl</b> option to the <tt>configure</tt> - script.</p><p>The <i><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i> can be set to one of three values:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>Off</tt></i> = Never - use SSL when querying the directory.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>Start_tls</tt></i> = Use - the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation (RFC2830) for - communicating with the directory server.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>On</tt></i> = Use SSL - on the ldaps port when contacting the <i><tt>ldap server</tt></i>. Only available when the - backwards-compatiblity <b>--with-ldapsam</b> option is specified - to configure. See <a href="#PASSDBBACKEND"><i><tt>passdb backend</tt></i></a></p></li></ul></div><p>Default : <b>ldap ssl = start_tls</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPSUFFIX"></a>ldap suffix (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies where user and machine accounts are added to the - tree. Can be overriden by <b>ldap user - suffix</b> and <b>ldap machine - suffix</b>. It also used as the base dn for all ldap - searches. </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPTRUSTIDS"></a>ldap trust ids (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Normally, Samba validates each entry in the LDAP server - against getpwnam(). This allows LDAP to be used for Samba with - the unix system using NIS (for example) and also ensures that - Samba does not present accounts that do not otherwise exist. - </p><p>This option is used to disable this functionality, and - instead to rely on the presence of the appropriate attributes - in LDAP directly, which can result in a significant performance - boost in some situations. Setting this option to yes effectivly - assumes that the local machine is running <b>nss_ldap</b> against the same LDAP - server.</p><p>Default: <b>ldap trust ids = No</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LDAPUSERSUFFIX"></a>ldap user suffix (G)</span></dt><dd><p>It specifies where users are added to the tree.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LEVEL2OPLOCKS"></a>level2 oplocks (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls whether Samba supports - level2 (read-only) oplocks on a share.</p><p>Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients - that have an oplock on a file to downgrade from a read-write oplock - to a read-only oplock once a second client opens the file (instead - of releasing all oplocks on a second open, as in traditional, - exclusive oplocks). This allows all openers of the file that - support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead only (ie. - they may not cache writes or lock requests) and increases performance - for many accesses of files that are not commonly written (such as - application .EXE files).</p><p>Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock - writes to the file all clients are notified (no reply is needed - or waited for) and told to break their oplocks to "none" and - delete any read-ahead caches.</p><p>It is recommended that this parameter be turned on to - speed access to shared executables.</p><p>For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.</p><p>Currently, if <a href="#KERNELOPLOCKS"><i><tt>kernel - oplocks</tt></i></a> are supported then level2 oplocks are - not granted (even if this parameter is set to <tt>yes</tt>). - Note also, the <a href="#OPLOCKS"><i><tt>oplocks</tt></i> - </a> parameter must be set to <tt>yes</tt> on this share in order for - this parameter to have any effect.</p><p>See also the <a href="#OPLOCKS"><i><tt>oplocks</tt></i> - </a> and <a href="#OPLOCKS"><i><tt>kernel oplocks</tt></i> - </a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>level2 oplocks = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LMANNOUNCE"></a>lm announce (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines if <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> will produce Lanman announce - broadcasts that are needed by OS/2 clients in order for them to see - the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter can have three - values, <tt>yes</tt>, <tt>no</tt>, or - <tt>auto</tt>. The default is <tt>auto</tt>. - If set to <tt>no</tt> Samba will never produce these - broadcasts. If set to <tt>yes</tt> Samba will produce - Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency set by the parameter - <i><tt>lm interval</tt></i>. If set to <tt>auto</tt> - Samba will not send Lanman announce broadcasts by default but will - listen for them. If it hears such a broadcast on the wire it will - then start sending them at a frequency set by the parameter - <i><tt>lm interval</tt></i>.</p><p>See also <a href="#LMINTERVAL"><i><tt>lm interval</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>lm announce = auto</b></p><p>Example: <b>lm announce = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LMINTERVAL"></a>lm interval (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce - broadcasts needed by OS/2 clients (see the <a href="#LMANNOUNCE"> - <i><tt>lm announce</tt></i></a> parameter) then this - parameter defines the frequency in seconds with which they will be - made. If this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be - made despite the setting of the <i><tt>lm announce</tt></i> - parameter.</p><p>See also <a href="#LMANNOUNCE"><i><tt>lm announce</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>lm interval = 60</b></p><p>Example: <b>lm interval = 120</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOADPRINTERS"></a>load printers (G)</span></dt><dd><p>A boolean variable that controls whether all - printers in the printcap will be loaded for browsing by default. - See the <a href="#PRINTERSSECT" title="The [printers] section">printers</a> section for - more details.</p><p>Default: <b>load printers = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCALMASTER"></a>local master (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> to try and become a local master browser - on a subnet. If set to <tt>no</tt> then <b> - nmbd</b> will not attempt to become a local master browser - on a subnet and will also lose in all browsing elections. By - default this value is set to <tt>yes</tt>. Setting this value to - <tt>yes</tt> doesn't mean that Samba will <span class="emphasis"><em>become</em></span> the - local master browser on a subnet, just that <b>nmbd</b> - will <span class="emphasis"><em>participate</em></span> in elections for local master browser.</p><p>Setting this value to <tt>no</tt> will cause <b>nmbd</b> <span class="emphasis"><em>never</em></span> to become a local - master browser.</p><p>Default: <b>local master = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCKDIRECTORY"></a>lock directory (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies the directory where lock - files will be placed. The lock files are used to implement the - <a href="#MAXCONNECTIONS"><i><tt>max connections</tt></i> - </a> option.</p><p>Default: <b>lock directory = ${prefix}/var/locks</b></p><p>Example: <b>lock directory = /var/run/samba/locks</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCKDIR"></a>lock dir (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#LOCKDIRECTORY"><i><tt> - lock directory</tt></i></a>. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCKING"></a>locking (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether or not locking will be - performed by the server in response to lock requests from the - client.</p><p>If <b>locking = no</b>, all lock and unlock - requests will appear to succeed and all lock queries will report - that the file in question is available for locking.</p><p>If <b>locking = yes</b>, real locking will be performed - by the server.</p><p>This option <span class="emphasis"><em>may</em></span> be useful for read-only - filesystems which <span class="emphasis"><em>may</em></span> not need locking (such as - CDROM drives), although setting this parameter of <tt>no</tt> - is not really recommended even in this case.</p><p>Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a - specific service, as lack of locking may result in data corruption. - You should never need to set this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>locking = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCKSPINCOUNT"></a>lock spin count (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls the number of times - that smbd should attempt to gain a byte range lock on the - behalf of a client request. Experiments have shown that - Windows 2k servers do not reply with a failure if the lock - could not be immediately granted, but try a few more times - in case the lock could later be aquired. This behavior - is used to support PC database formats such as MS Access - and FoxPro. - </p><p>Default: <b>lock spin count = 2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOCKSPINTIME"></a>lock spin time (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The time in microseconds that smbd should - pause before attempting to gain a failed lock. See - <a href="#LOCKSPINCOUNT"><i><tt>lock spin - count</tt></i></a> for more details.</p><p>Default: <b>lock spin time = 10</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGFILE"></a>log file (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override the name - of the Samba log file (also known as the debug file).</p><p>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing - you to have separate log files for each user or machine.</p><p>Example: <b>log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGLEVEL"></a>log level (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the parameter (a astring) allows - the debug level (logging level) to be specified in the - <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. This parameter has been - extended since the 2.2.x series, now it allow to specify the debug - level for multiple debug classes. This is to give greater - flexibility in the configuration of the system.</p><p>The default will be the log level specified on - the command line or level zero if none was specified.</p><p>Example: <b>log level = 3 passdb:5 auth:10 winbind:2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGONDRIVE"></a>logon drive (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the local path to - which the home directory will be connected (see <a href="#LOGONHOME"> - <i><tt>logon home</tt></i></a>) - and is only used by NT Workstations. </p><p>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a - logon server.</p><p>Default: <b>logon drive = z:</b></p><p>Example: <b>logon drive = h:</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGONHOME"></a>logon home (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the home directory - location when a Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs into a Samba PDC. - It allows you to do </p><p><tt>C:\></tt> - <b><tt>NET USE H: /HOME</tt></b> - </p><p>from a command prompt, for example.</p><p>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing - you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</p><p>This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure - that roaming profiles are stored in a subdirectory of the user's - home directory. This is done in the following way:</p><p><b>logon home = \\%N\%U\profile</b></p><p>This tells Samba to return the above string, with - substitutions made when a client requests the info, generally - in a NetUserGetInfo request. Win9X clients truncate the info to - \\server\share when a user does <b>net use /home</b> - but use the whole string when dealing with profiles.</p><p>Note that in prior versions of Samba, the <a href="#LOGONPATH"> - <i><tt>logon path</tt></i></a> was returned rather than - <i><tt>logon home</tt></i>. This broke <b>net use /home</b> but allowed profiles outside the home directory. - The current implementation is correct, and can be used for profiles if you use - the above trick.</p><p>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon - server.</p><p>Default: <b>logon home = "\\%N\%U"</b></p><p>Example: <b>logon home = "\\remote_smb_server\%U"</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGONPATH"></a>logon path (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the home directory - where roaming profiles (NTuser.dat etc files for Windows NT) are - stored. Contrary to previous versions of these manual pages, it has - nothing to do with Win 9X roaming profiles. To find out how to - handle roaming profiles for Win 9X system, see the <a href="#LOGONHOME"> - <i><tt>logon home</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you - to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine. It also - specifies the directory from which the "Application Data", - (<tt>desktop</tt>, <tt>start menu</tt>, - <tt>network neighborhood</tt>, <tt>programs</tt> - and other folders, and their contents, are loaded and displayed on - your Windows NT client.</p><p>The share and the path must be readable by the user for - the preferences and directories to be loaded onto the Windows NT - client. The share must be writeable when the user logs in for the first - time, in order that the Windows NT client can create the NTuser.dat - and other directories.</p><p>Thereafter, the directories and any of the contents can, - if required, be made read-only. It is not advisable that the - NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to NTuser.man to - achieve the desired effect (a <span class="emphasis"><em>MAN</em></span>datory - profile). </p><p>Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to - the [homes] share, even though there is no user logged in. - Therefore, it is vital that the logon path does not include a - reference to the homes share (i.e. setting this parameter to - \%N\%U\profile_path will cause problems).</p><p>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing - you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</p><p>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up - as a logon server.</p><p>Default: <b>logon path = \\%N\%U\profile</b></p><p>Example: <b>logon path = \\PROFILESERVER\PROFILE\%U</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LOGONSCRIPT"></a>logon script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat) or - NT command file (.cmd) to be downloaded and run on a machine when - a user successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS - style CR/LF line endings. Using a DOS-style editor to create the - file is recommended.</p><p>The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] - service. If the [netlogon] service specifies a <a href="#PATH"> - <i><tt>path</tt></i></a> of <tt>/usr/local/samba/netlogon</tt>, and <b>logon script = STARTUP.BAT</b>, then - the file that will be downloaded is:</p><p><tt>/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT</tt></p><p>The contents of the batch file are entirely your choice. A - suggested command would be to add <b>NET TIME \\SERVER /SET - /YES</b>, to force every machine to synchronize clocks with - the same time server. Another use would be to add <b>NET USE - U: \\SERVER\UTILS</b> for commonly used utilities, or <b> - NET USE Q: \\SERVER\ISO9001_QA</b> for example.</p><p>Note that it is particularly important not to allow write - access to the [netlogon] share, or to grant users write permission - on the batch files in a secure environment, as this would allow - the batch files to be arbitrarily modified and security to be - breached.</p><p>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you - to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</p><p>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon - server.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no logon script defined</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>logon script = scripts\%U.bat</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LPPAUSECOMMAND"></a>lppause command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to stop printing or spooling - a specific print job.</p><p>This command should be a program or script which takes - a printer name and job number to pause the print job. One way - of implementing this is by using job priorities, where jobs - having a too low priority won't be sent to the printer.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. A <i><tt>%j</tt></i> is replaced with - the job number (an integer). On HPUX (see <i><tt>printing=hpux - </tt></i>), if the <i><tt>-p%p</tt></i> option is added - to the lpq command, the job will show up with the correct status, i.e. - if the job priority is lower than the set fence priority it will - have the PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is equal or higher it - will have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.</p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path - in the lppause command as the PATH may not be available to the server.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: Currently no default value is given to - this string, unless the value of the <i><tt>printing</tt></i> - parameter is <tt>SYSV</tt>, in which case the default is :</p><p><b>lp -i %p-%j -H hold</b></p><p>or if the value of the <i><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter - is <tt>SOFTQ</tt>, then the default is:</p><p><b>qstat -s -j%j -h</b></p><p>Example for HPUX: <b>lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p0</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LPQCACHETIME"></a>lpq cache time (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls how long lpq info will be cached - for to prevent the <b>lpq</b> command being called too - often. A separate cache is kept for each variation of the <b> - lpq</b> command used by the system, so if you use different - <b>lpq</b> commands for different users then they won't - share cache information.</p><p>The cache files are stored in <tt>/tmp/lpq.xxxx</tt> - where xxxx is a hash of the <b>lpq</b> command in use.</p><p>The default is 10 seconds, meaning that the cached results - of a previous identical <b>lpq</b> command will be used - if the cached data is less than 10 seconds old. A large value may - be advisable if your <b>lpq</b> command is very slow.</p><p>A value of 0 will disable caching completely.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>lpq cache time = 10</b></p><p>Example: <b>lpq cache time = 30</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LPQCOMMAND"></a>lpq command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to obtain <b>lpq - </b>-style printer status information.</p><p>This command should be a program or script which - takes a printer name as its only parameter and outputs printer - status information.</p><p>Currently nine styles of printer status information - are supported; BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, CUPS, and SOFTQ. - This covers most UNIX systems. You control which type is expected - using the <i><tt>printing =</tt></i> option.</p><p>Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not - correctly send the connection number for the printer they are - requesting status information about. To get around this, the - server reports on the first printer service connected to by the - client. This only happens if the connection number sent is invalid.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the - command.</p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path - in the <i><tt>lpq command</tt></i> as the <tt>$PATH - </tt> may not be available to the server. When compiled with - the CUPS libraries, no <i><tt>lpq command</tt></i> is - needed because smbd will make a library call to obtain the - print queue listing.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>depends on the setting of <i><tt> - printing</tt></i></em></span></p><p>Example: <b>lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LPRESUMECOMMAND"></a>lpresume command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to restart or continue - printing or spooling a specific print job.</p><p>This command should be a program or script which takes - a printer name and job number to resume the print job. See - also the <a href="#LPPAUSECOMMAND"><i><tt>lppause command - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. A <i><tt>%j</tt></i> is replaced with - the job number (an integer).</p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path - in the <i><tt>lpresume command</tt></i> as the PATH may not - be available to the server.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: Currently no default value is given - to this string, unless the value of the <i><tt>printing</tt></i> - parameter is <tt>SYSV</tt>, in which case the default is :</p><p><b>lp -i %p-%j -H resume</b></p><p>or if the value of the <i><tt>printing</tt></i> parameter - is <tt>SOFTQ</tt>, then the default is:</p><p><b>qstat -s -j%j -r</b></p><p>Example for HPUX: <b>lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt %p-%j -p2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="LPRMCOMMAND"></a>lprm command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to delete a print job.</p><p>This command should be a program or script which takes - a printer name and job number, and deletes the print job.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. A <i><tt>%j</tt></i> is replaced with - the job number (an integer).</p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute - path in the <i><tt>lprm command</tt></i> as the PATH may not be - available to the server.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>depends on the setting of <i><tt>printing - </tt></i></em></span></p><p>Example 1: <b>lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j</b></p><p>Example 2: <b>lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MACHINEPASSWORDTIMEOUT"></a>machine password timeout (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If a Samba server is a member of a Windows - NT Domain (see the <a href="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN">security = domain</a>) - parameter) then periodically a running <a href="smbd.8.html" target="_top"> - smbd(8)</a> process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT - PASSWORD stored in the TDB called <tt>private/secrets.tdb - </tt>. This parameter specifies how often this password - will be changed, in seconds. The default is one week (expressed in - seconds), the same as a Windows NT Domain member server.</p><p>See also <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a>, and the <a href="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"> - security = domain</a>) parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>machine password timeout = 604800</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAGICOUTPUT"></a>magic output (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the name of a file - which will contain output created by a magic script (see the - <a href="#MAGICSCRIPT"><i><tt>magic script</tt></i></a> - parameter below).</p><p>Warning: If two clients use the same <i><tt>magic script - </tt></i> in the same directory the output file content - is undefined.</p><p>Default: <b>magic output = <magic script name>.out</b></p><p>Example: <b>magic output = myfile.txt</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAGICSCRIPT"></a>magic script (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the name of a file which, - if opened, will be executed by the server when the file is closed. - This allows a UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and - executed on behalf of the connected user.</p><p>Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon - completion assuming that the user has the appropriate level - of privilege and the file permissions allow the deletion.</p><p>If the script generates output, output will be sent to - the file specified by the <a href="#MAGICOUTPUT"><i><tt> - magic output</tt></i></a> parameter (see above).</p><p>Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts - containing CR/LF instead of CR as - the end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must be executable - <span class="emphasis"><em>as is</em></span> on the host, which for some hosts and - some shells will require filtering at the DOS end.</p><p>Magic scripts are <span class="emphasis"><em>EXPERIMENTAL</em></span> and - should <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be relied upon.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>None. Magic scripts disabled.</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>magic script = user.csh</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLECASE"></a>mangle case (S)</span></dt><dd><p>See the section on <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">NAME MANGLING</a></p><p>Default: <b>mangle case = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLEDMAP"></a>mangled map (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is for those who want to directly map UNIX - file names which cannot be represented on Windows/DOS. The mangling - of names is not always what is needed. In particular you may have - documents with file extensions that differ between DOS and UNIX. - For example, under UNIX it is common to use <tt>.html</tt> - for HTML files, whereas under Windows/DOS <tt>.htm</tt> - is more commonly used.</p><p>So to map <tt>html</tt> to <tt>htm</tt> - you would use:</p><p><b>mangled map = (*.html *.htm)</b></p><p>One very useful case is to remove the annoying <tt>;1 - </tt> off the ends of filenames on some CDROMs (only visible - under some UNIXes). To do this use a map of (*;1 *;).</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no mangled map</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>mangled map = (*;1 *;)</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLEDNAMES"></a>mangled names (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX - should be mapped to DOS-compatible names ("mangled") and made visible, - or whether non-DOS names should simply be ignored.</p><p>See the section on <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">NAME MANGLING</a> for - details on how to control the mangling process.</p><p>If mangling is used then the mangling algorithm is as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The first (up to) five alphanumeric characters + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +> This parameter is only used to remove file shares. To delete printer shares, + see the <A +HREF="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deleteprinter + command</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +> See also <A +HREF="#ADDSHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>add share + command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#CHANGESHARECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>change + share command</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete share command = /usr/local/bin/delshare</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEUSERSCRIPT" +></A +>delete user script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + when managing user's with remote RPC (NT) tools. + </P +><P +>This script is called when a remote client removes a user + from the server, normally using 'User Manager for Domains' or + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rpcclient</B +>. + </P +><P +>This script should delete the given UNIX username. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete user script = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete user script = /usr/local/samba/bin/del_user + %u</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEUSERFROMGROUPSCRIPT" +></A +>delete user from group script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Full path to the script that will be called when + a user is removed from a group using the Windows NT domain administration + tools. It will be run by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +>. Any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%g</I +></TT +> will be + replaced with the group name and any <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +> will + be replaced with the user name. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete user from group script = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete user from group script = /usr/sbin/deluser %u %g</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DELETEVETOFILES" +></A +>delete veto files (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used when Samba is attempting to + delete a directory that contains one or more vetoed directories + (see the <A +HREF="#VETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>veto files</I +></TT +></A +> + option). If this option is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> (the default) then if a vetoed + directory contains any non-vetoed files or directories then the + directory delete will fail. This is usually what you want.</P +><P +>If this option is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, then Samba + will attempt to recursively delete any files and directories within + the vetoed directory. This can be useful for integration with file + serving systems such as NetAtalk which create meta-files within + directories you might normally veto DOS/Windows users from seeing + (e.g. <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.AppleDouble</TT +>)</P +><P +>Setting <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete veto files = yes</B +> allows these + directories to be transparently deleted when the parent directory + is deleted (so long as the user has permissions to do so).</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#VETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>veto + files</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>delete veto files = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DENYHOSTS" +></A +>deny hosts (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#HOSTSDENY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts + deny</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DFREECOMMAND" +></A +>dfree command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>dfree command</I +></TT +> setting should + only be used on systems where a problem occurs with the internal + disk space calculations. This has been known to happen with Ultrix, + but may occur with other operating systems. The symptom that was + seen was an error of "Abort Retry Ignore" at the end of each + directory listing.</P +><P +>This setting allows the replacement of the internal routines to + calculate the total disk space and amount available with an external + routine. The example below gives a possible script that might fulfill + this function.</P +><P +>The external program will be passed a single parameter indicating + a directory in the filesystem being queried. This will typically consist + of the string <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>./</TT +>. The script should return two + integers in ASCII. The first should be the total disk space in blocks, + and the second should be the number of available blocks. An optional + third return value can give the block size in bytes. The default + blocksize is 1024 bytes.</P +><P +>Note: Your script should <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> be setuid or + setgid and should be owned by (and writeable only by) root!</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>By default internal routines for + determining the disk capacity and remaining space will be used. + </I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dfree command = /usr/local/samba/bin/dfree + </B +></P +><P +>Where the script dfree (which must be made executable) could be:</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> + #!/bin/sh + df $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $2" "$4}' + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>or perhaps (on Sys V based systems):</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> + #!/bin/sh + /usr/bin/df -k $1 | tail -1 | awk '{print $3" "$5}' + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>Note that you may have to replace the command names + with full path names on some systems.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DIRECTORY" +></A +>directory (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#PATH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>path + </I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DIRECTORYMASK" +></A +>directory mask (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is the octal modes which are + used when converting DOS modes to UNIX modes when creating UNIX + directories.</P +><P +>When a directory is created, the necessary permissions are + calculated according to the mapping from DOS modes to UNIX permissions, + and the resulting UNIX mode is then bit-wise 'AND'ed with this + parameter. This parameter may be thought of as a bit-wise MASK for + the UNIX modes of a directory. Any bit <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> set + here will be removed from the modes set on a directory when it is + created.</P +><P +>The default value of this parameter removes the 'group' + and 'other' write bits from the UNIX mode, allowing only the + user who owns the directory to modify it.</P +><P +>Following this Samba will bit-wise 'OR' the UNIX mode + created from this parameter with the value of the <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory mode + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter. This parameter is set to 000 by + default (i.e. no extra mode bits are added).</P +><P +>Note that this parameter does not apply to permissions + set by Windows NT/2000 ACL editors. If the administrator wishes to enforce + a mask on access control lists also, they need to set the <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security mask</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>See the <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + directory mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameter to cause particular mode + bits to always be set on created directories.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#CREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mode + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter for masking mode bits on created files, + and the <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory + security mask</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Also refer to the <A +HREF="#INHERITPERMISSIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> inherit permissions</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>directory mask = 0755</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>directory mask = 0775</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DIRECTORYMODE" +></A +>directory mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> directory mask</I +></TT +></A +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +></A +>directory security mask (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits + can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX + permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog + box.</P +><P +>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to + the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in + this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed + to change.</P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0777 + meaning a user is allowed to modify all the user/group/world + permissions on a directory.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave + it as the default of <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>0777</TT +>.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> force directory security mode</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#SECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#FORCESECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode + </I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>directory security mask = 0777</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>directory security mask = 0700</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DISABLENETBIOS" +></A +>disable netbios (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Enabling this parameter will disable netbios support + in Samba. Netbios is the only available form of browsing in + all windows versions except for 2000 and XP. </P +><P +>Note that clients that only support netbios won't be able to + see your samba server when netbios support is disabled. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disable netbios = no</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disable netbios = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DISABLESPOOLSS" +></A +>disable spoolss (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Enabling this parameter will disable Samba's support + for the SPOOLSS set of MS-RPC's and will yield identical behavior + as Samba 2.0.x. Windows NT/2000 clients will downgrade to using + Lanman style printing commands. Windows 9x/ME will be uneffected by + the parameter. However, this will also disable the ability to upload + printer drivers to a Samba server via the Windows NT Add Printer + Wizard or by using the NT printer properties dialog window. It will + also disable the capability of Windows NT/2000 clients to download + print drivers from the Samba host upon demand. + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Be very careful about enabling this parameter.</I +> + </P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#USECLIENTDRIVER" +>use client driver</A +> + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disable spoolss = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DISPLAYCHARSET" +></A +>display charset (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the charset that samba will use + to print messages to stdout and stderr and SWAT will use. + Should generally be the same as the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unix charset</B +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>display charset = ASCII</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>display charset = UTF8</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DNSPROXY" +></A +>dns proxy (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies that <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + when acting as a WINS server and finding that a NetBIOS name has not + been registered, should treat the NetBIOS name word-for-word as a DNS + name and do a lookup with the DNS server for that name on behalf of + the name-querying client.</P +><P +>Note that the maximum length for a NetBIOS name is 15 + characters, so the DNS name (or DNS alias) can likewise only be + 15 characters, maximum.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> spawns a second copy of itself to do the + DNS name lookup requests, as doing a name lookup is a blocking + action.</P +><P +>See also the parameter <A +HREF="#WINSSUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> wins support</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dns proxy = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOMAINLOGONS" +></A +>domain logons (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, the Samba server will serve + Windows 95/98 Domain logons for the <A +HREF="#WORKGROUP" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +></A +> it is in. Samba 2.2 + has limited capability to act as a domain controller for Windows + NT 4 Domains. For more details on setting up this feature see + the Samba-PDC-HOWTO included in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>htmldocs/</TT +> + directory shipped with the source code.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain logons = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOMAINMASTER" +></A +>domain master (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Tell <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmbd(8)</B +></A +> to enable WAN-wide browse list + collation. Setting this option causes <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to + claim a special domain specific NetBIOS name that identifies + it as a domain master browser for its given <A +HREF="#WORKGROUP" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +></A +>. Local master browsers + in the same <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +> on broadcast-isolated + subnets will give this <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> their local browse lists, + and then ask <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + for a complete copy of the browse list for the whole wide area + network. Browser clients will then contact their local master browser, + and will receive the domain-wide browse list, instead of just the list + for their broadcast-isolated subnet.</P +><P +>Note that Windows NT Primary Domain Controllers expect to be + able to claim this <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +> specific special + NetBIOS name that identifies them as domain master browsers for + that <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +> by default (i.e. there is no + way to prevent a Windows NT PDC from attempting to do this). This + means that if this parameter is set and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> claims + the special name for a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +> before a Windows + NT PDC is able to do so then cross subnet browsing will behave + strangely and may fail.</P +><P +>If <A +HREF="#DOMAINLOGONS" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain logons = yes</B +> + </A +>, then the default behavior is to enable the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain + master</I +></TT +> parameter. If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain logons</I +></TT +> is + not enabled (the default setting), then neither will <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain + master</I +></TT +> be enabled by default.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain master = auto</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DONTDESCEND" +></A +>dont descend (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>There are certain directories on some systems + (e.g., the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/proc</TT +> tree under Linux) that are either not + of interest to clients or are infinitely deep (recursive). This + parameter allows you to specify a comma-delimited list of directories + that the server should always show as empty.</P +><P +>Note that Samba can be very fussy about the exact format + of the "dont descend" entries. For example you may need <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> ./proc</TT +> instead of just <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/proc</TT +>. + Experimentation is the best policy :-) </P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (i.e., all directories are OK + to descend)</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dont descend = /proc,/dev</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOSCHARSET" +></A +>dos charset (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>DOS SMB clients assume the server has + the same charset as they do. This option specifies which + charset Samba should talk to DOS clients. + </P +><P +>The default depends on which charsets you have instaled. + Samba tries to use charset 850 but falls back to ASCII in + case it is not available. Run <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +>testparm(1) + </A +> to check the default on your system. + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOSFILEMODE" +></A +>dos filemode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +> The default behavior in Samba is to provide + UNIX-like behavior where only the owner of a file/directory is + able to change the permissions on it. However, this behavior + is often confusing to DOS/Windows users. Enabling this parameter + allows a user who has write access to the file (by whatever + means) to modify the permissions on it. Note that a user + belonging to the group owning the file will not be allowed to + change permissions if the group is only granted read access. + Ownership of the file/directory is not changed, only the permissions + are modified.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dos filemode = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOSFILETIMERESOLUTION" +></A +>dos filetime resolution (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Under the DOS and Windows FAT filesystem, the finest + granularity on time resolution is two seconds. Setting this parameter + for a share causes Samba to round the reported time down to the + nearest two second boundary when a query call that requires one second + resolution is made to <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for Visual + C++ when used against Samba shares. If oplocks are enabled on a + share, Visual C++ uses two different time reading calls to check if a + file has changed since it was last read. One of these calls uses a + one-second granularity, the other uses a two second granularity. As + the two second call rounds any odd second down, then if the file has a + timestamp of an odd number of seconds then the two timestamps will not + match and Visual C++ will keep reporting the file has changed. Setting + this option causes the two timestamps to match, and Visual C++ is + happy.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dos filetime resolution = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="DOSFILETIMES" +></A +>dos filetimes (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Under DOS and Windows, if a user can write to a + file they can change the timestamp on it. Under POSIX semantics, + only the owner of the file or root may change the timestamp. By + default, Samba runs with POSIX semantics and refuses to change the + timestamp on a file if the user <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> is acting + on behalf of is not the file owner. Setting this option to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> yes</TT +> allows DOS semantics and <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> will change the file + timestamp as DOS requires.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>dos filetimes = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +></A +>encrypt passwords (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean controls whether encrypted passwords + will be negotiated with the client. Note that Windows NT 4.0 SP3 and + above and also Windows 98 will by default expect encrypted passwords + unless a registry entry is changed. To use encrypted passwords in + Samba see the file ENCRYPTION.txt in the Samba documentation + directory <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> shipped with the source code.</P +><P +>In order for encrypted passwords to work correctly + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> must either + have access to a local <A +HREF="smbpasswd.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd(5) + </TT +></A +> file (see the <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +> program for information on how to set up + and maintain this file), or set the <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +>security = [server|domain|ads]</A +> parameter which + causes <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> to authenticate against another + server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>encrypt passwords = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ENHANCEDBROWSING" +></A +>enhanced browsing (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option enables a couple of enhancements to + cross-subnet browse propagation that have been added in Samba + but which are not standard in Microsoft implementations. + </P +><P +>The first enhancement to browse propagation consists of a regular + wildcard query to a Samba WINS server for all Domain Master Browsers, + followed by a browse synchronization with each of the returned + DMBs. The second enhancement consists of a regular randomised browse + synchronization with all currently known DMBs.</P +><P +>You may wish to disable this option if you have a problem with empty + workgroups not disappearing from browse lists. Due to the restrictions + of the browse protocols these enhancements can cause a empty workgroup + to stay around forever which can be annoying.</P +><P +>In general you should leave this option enabled as it makes + cross-subnet browse propagation much more reliable.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enhanced browsing = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ENUMPORTSCOMMAND" +></A +>enumports command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The concept of a "port" is fairly foreign + to UNIX hosts. Under Windows NT/2000 print servers, a port + is associated with a port monitor and generally takes the form of + a local port (i.e. LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:) or a remote port + (i.e. LPD Port Monitor, etc...). By default, Samba has only one + port defined--<TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>"Samba Printer Port"</TT +>. Under + Windows NT/2000, all printers must have a valid port name. + If you wish to have a list of ports displayed (<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> does not use a port name for anything) other than + the default <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>"Samba Printer Port"</TT +>, you + can define <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>enumports command</I +></TT +> to point to + a program which should generate a list of ports, one per line, + to standard output. This listing will then be used in response + to the level 1 and 2 EnumPorts() RPC.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no enumports command</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>enumports command = /usr/bin/listports + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="EXEC" +></A +>exec (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a synonym for <A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FAKEDIRECTORYCREATETIMES" +></A +>fake directory create times (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>NTFS and Windows VFAT file systems keep a create + time for all files and directories. This is not the same as the + ctime - status change time - that Unix keeps, so Samba by default + reports the earliest of the various times Unix does keep. Setting + this parameter for a share causes Samba to always report midnight + 1-1-1980 as the create time for directories.</P +><P +>This option is mainly used as a compatibility option for + Visual C++ when used against Samba shares. Visual C++ generated + makefiles have the object directory as a dependency for each object + file, and a make rule to create the directory. Also, when NMAKE + compares timestamps it uses the creation time when examining a + directory. Thus the object directory will be created if it does not + exist, but once it does exist it will always have an earlier + timestamp than the object files it contains.</P +><P +>However, Unix time semantics mean that the create time + reported by Samba will be updated whenever a file is created or + or deleted in the directory. NMAKE finds all object files in + the object directory. The timestamp of the last one built is then + compared to the timestamp of the object directory. If the + directory's timestamp if newer, then all object files + will be rebuilt. Enabling this option + ensures directories always predate their contents and an NMAKE build + will proceed as expected.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fake directory create times = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FAKEOPLOCKS" +></A +>fake oplocks (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission + from a server to locally cache file operations. If a server grants + an oplock (opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume + that it is the only one accessing the file and it will aggressively + cache file data. With some oplock types the client may even cache + file open/close operations. This can give enormous performance benefits. + </P +><P +>When you set <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fake oplocks = yes</B +>, <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> will + always grant oplock requests no matter how many clients are using + the file.</P +><P +>It is generally much better to use the real <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> support rather + than this parameter.</P +><P +>If you enable this option on all read-only shares or + shares that you know will only be accessed from one client at a + time such as physically read-only media like CDROMs, you will see + a big performance improvement on many operations. If you enable + this option on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the + files read-write at the same time you can get data corruption. Use + this option carefully!</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fake oplocks = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FOLLOWSYMLINKS" +></A +>follow symlinks (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows the Samba administrator + to stop <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + from following symbolic links in a particular share. Setting this + parameter to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> prevents any file or directory + that is a symbolic link from being followed (the user will get an + error). This option is very useful to stop users from adding a + symbolic link to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> in their home + directory for instance. However it will slow filename lookups + down slightly.</P +><P +>This option is enabled (i.e. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will + follow symbolic links) by default.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>follow symlinks = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCECREATEMODE" +></A +>force create mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit + permissions that will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>always</I +> be set on a + file created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto + the mode bits of a file that is being created or having its + permissions changed. The default for this parameter is (in octal) + 000. The modes in this parameter are bitwise 'OR'ed onto the file + mode after the mask set in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +> + parameter is applied.</P +><P +>See also the parameter <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create + mask</I +></TT +></A +> for details on masking mode bits on files.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#INHERITPERMISSIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>inherit + permissions</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force create mode = 000</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force create mode = 0755</B +></P +><P +>would force all created files to have read and execute + permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the + read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +></A +>force directory mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies a set of UNIX mode bit + permissions that will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>always</I +> be set on a directory + created by Samba. This is done by bitwise 'OR'ing these bits onto the + mode bits of a directory that is being created. The default for this + parameter is (in octal) 0000 which will not add any extra permission + bits to a created directory. This operation is done after the mode + mask in the parameter <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mask</I +></TT +> is + applied.</P +><P +>See also the parameter <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> directory mask</I +></TT +></A +> for details on masking mode bits + on created directories.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#INHERITPERMISSIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> inherit permissions</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force directory mode = 000</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force directory mode = 0755</B +></P +><P +>would force all created directories to have read and execute + permissions set for 'group' and 'other' as well as the + read/write/execute bits set for the 'user'.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE" +></A +>force directory security mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls what UNIX permission bits + can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating the UNIX + permission on a directory using the native NT security dialog box.</P +><P +>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the + changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that + the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security + on a directory, the user has always set to be 'on'.</P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is 000, which + allows a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a + directory without restrictions.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave + it set as 0000.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> directory security mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#SECURITYMASK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#FORCESECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode + </I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force directory security mode = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force directory security mode = 700</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCEGROUP" +></A +>force group (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies a UNIX group name that will be + assigned as the default primary group for all users connecting + to this service. This is useful for sharing files by ensuring + that all access to files on service will use the named group for + their permissions checking. Thus, by assigning permissions for this + group to the files and directories within this service the Samba + administrator can restrict or allow sharing of these files.</P +><P +>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter has extended + functionality in the following way. If the group name listed here + has a '+' character prepended to it then the current user accessing + the share only has the primary group default assigned to this group + if they are already assigned as a member of that group. This allows + an administrator to decide that only users who are already in a + particular group will create files with group ownership set to that + group. This gives a finer granularity of ownership assignment. For + example, the setting <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>force group = +sys</TT +> means + that only users who are already in group sys will have their default + primary group assigned to sys when accessing this Samba share. All + other users will retain their ordinary primary group.</P +><P +>If the <A +HREF="#FORCEUSER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force user + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter is also set the group specified in + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force group</I +></TT +> will override the primary group + set in <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force user</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#FORCEUSER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + user</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no forced group</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force group = agroup</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCESECURITYMODE" +></A +>force security mode (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls what UNIX permission + bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating + the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security dialog + box.</P +><P +>This parameter is applied as a mask (OR'ed with) to the + changed permission bits, thus forcing any bits in this mask that + the user may have modified to be on. Essentially, one bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits that, when modifying security + on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to 0, + and allows a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file, + with no restrictions.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that users who can access + the Samba server through other means can easily bypass this restriction, + so it is primarily useful for standalone "appliance" systems. + Administrators of most normal systems will probably want to leave + this set to 0000.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> force directory security mode</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security + mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#SECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> security mask</I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force security mode = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force security mode = 700</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FORCEUSER" +></A +>force user (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies a UNIX user name that will be + assigned as the default user for all users connecting to this service. + This is useful for sharing files. You should also use it carefully + as using it incorrectly can cause security problems.</P +><P +>This user name only gets used once a connection is established. + Thus clients still need to connect as a valid user and supply a + valid password. Once connected, all file operations will be performed + as the "forced user", no matter what username the client connected + as. This can be very useful.</P +><P +>In Samba 2.0.5 and above this parameter also causes the + primary group of the forced user to be used as the primary group + for all file activity. Prior to 2.0.5 the primary group was left + as the primary group of the connecting user (this was a bug).</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#FORCEGROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force group + </I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no forced user</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>force user = auser</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="FSTYPE" +></A +>fstype (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows the administrator to + configure the string that specifies the type of filesystem a share + is using that is reported by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8) + </B +></A +> when a client queries the filesystem type + for a share. The default type is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>NTFS</TT +> for + compatibility with Windows NT but this can be changed to other + strings such as <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>Samba</TT +> or <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>FAT + </TT +> if required.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fstype = NTFS</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fstype = Samba</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="GETWDCACHE" +></A +>getwd cache (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a tuning option. When this is enabled a + caching algorithm will be used to reduce the time taken for getwd() + calls. This can have a significant impact on performance, especially + when the <A +HREF="#WIDELINKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wide links</I +></TT +> + </A +>parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getwd cache = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="GROUP" +></A +>group (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#FORCEGROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + group</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="GUESTACCOUNT" +></A +>guest account (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a username which will be used for access + to services which are specified as <A +HREF="#GUESTOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> guest ok</I +></TT +></A +> (see below). Whatever privileges this + user has will be available to any client connecting to the guest service. + Typically this user will exist in the password file, but will not + have a valid login. The user account "ftp" is often a good choice + for this parameter. If a username is specified in a given service, + the specified username overrides this one.</P +><P +>One some systems the default guest account "nobody" may not + be able to print. Use another account in this case. You should test + this by trying to log in as your guest user (perhaps by using the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>su -</B +> command) and trying to print using the + system print command such as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpr(1)</B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> lp(1)</B +>.</P +><P +>This parameter does not accept % macros, because + many parts of the system require this value to be + constant for correct operation.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>specified at compile time, usually + "nobody"</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>guest account = ftp</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="GUESTOK" +></A +>guest ok (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> for + a service, then no password is required to connect to the service. + Privileges will be those of the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> guest account</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>See the section below on <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> security</I +></TT +></A +> for more information about this option. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>guest ok = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="GUESTONLY" +></A +>guest only (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> for + a service, then only guest connections to the service are permitted. + This parameter will have no effect if <A +HREF="#GUESTOK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest ok</I +></TT +></A +> is not set for the service.</P +><P +>See the section below on <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> security</I +></TT +></A +> for more information about this option. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>guest only = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDEDOTFILES" +></A +>hide dot files (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean parameter that controls whether + files starting with a dot appear as hidden files.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide dot files = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDEFILES" +></A +>hide files(S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of files or directories that are not + visible but are accessible. The DOS 'hidden' attribute is applied + to any files or directories that match.</P +><P +>Each entry in the list must be separated by a '/', + which allows spaces to be included in the entry. '*' + and '?' can be used to specify multiple files or directories + as in DOS wildcards.</P +><P +>Each entry must be a Unix path, not a DOS path and must + not include the Unix directory separator '/'.</P +><P +>Note that the case sensitivity option is applicable + in hiding files.</P +><P +>Setting this parameter will affect the performance of Samba, + as it will be forced to check all files and directories for a match + as they are scanned.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#HIDEDOTFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide + dot files</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#VETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> veto files</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#CASESENSITIVE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>case sensitive</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no file are hidden</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide files = + /.*/DesktopFolderDB/TrashFor%m/resource.frk/</B +></P +><P +>The above example is based on files that the Macintosh + SMB client (DAVE) available from <A +HREF="http://www.thursby.com" +TARGET="_top" +> + Thursby</A +> creates for internal use, and also still hides + all files beginning with a dot.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDELOCALUSERS" +></A +>hide local users(G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter toggles the hiding of local UNIX + users (root, wheel, floppy, etc) from remote clients.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide local users = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDEUNREADABLE" +></A +>hide unreadable (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter prevents clients from seeing the + existance of files that cannot be read. Defaults to off.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide unreadable = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDEUNWRITEABLEFILES" +></A +>hide unwriteable files (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter prevents clients from seeing + the existance of files that cannot be written to. Defaults to off. + Note that unwriteable directories are shown as usual. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide unwriteable = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HIDESPECIALFILES" +></A +>hide special files (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter prevents clients from seeing + special files such as sockets, devices and fifo's in directory + listings. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hide special files = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOMEDIRMAP" +></A +>homedir map (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If<A +HREF="#NISHOMEDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nis homedir + </I +></TT +></A +> is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, and <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> is also acting + as a Win95/98 <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon server</I +></TT +> then this parameter + specifies the NIS (or YP) map from which the server for the user's + home directory should be extracted. At present, only the Sun + auto.home map format is understood. The form of the map is:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>username server:/some/file/system</B +></P +><P +>and the program will extract the servername from before + the first ':'. There should probably be a better parsing system + that copes with different map formats and also Amd (another + automounter) maps.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE :</I +>A working NIS client is required on + the system for this option to work.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NISHOMEDIR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nis homedir</I +></TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="#DOMAINLOGONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>domain logons</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>homedir map = <empty string></B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>homedir map = amd.homedir</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOSTMSDFS" +></A +>host msdfs (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter is only available + if Samba has been configured and compiled with the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-msdfs</B +> option. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, + Samba will act as a Dfs server, and allow Dfs-aware clients + to browse Dfs trees hosted on the server.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#MSDFSROOT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> msdfs root</I +></TT +></A +> share level parameter. For + more information on setting up a Dfs tree on Samba, + refer to <A +HREF="msdfs_setup.html" +TARGET="_top" +>msdfs_setup.html</A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>host msdfs = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOSTNAMELOOKUPS" +></A +>hostname lookups (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies whether samba should use (expensive) + hostname lookups or use the ip addresses instead. An example place + where hostname lookups are currently used is when checking + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts deny</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts allow</B +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hostname lookups = yes</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hostname lookups = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOSTSALLOW" +></A +>hosts allow (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>A synonym for this parameter is <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>allow + hosts</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>This parameter is a comma, space, or tab delimited + set of hosts which are permitted to access a service.</P +><P +>If specified in the [global] section then it will + apply to all services, regardless of whether the individual + service has a different setting.</P +><P +>You can specify the hosts by name or IP number. For + example, you could restrict access to only the hosts on a + Class C subnet with something like <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>allow hosts = 150.203.5. + </B +>. The full syntax of the list is described in the man + page <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>hosts_access(5)</TT +>. Note that this man + page may not be present on your system, so a brief description will + be given here also.</P +><P +>Note that the localhost address 127.0.0.1 will always + be allowed access unless specifically denied by a <A +HREF="#HOSTSDENY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts deny</I +></TT +></A +> option.</P +><P +>You can also specify hosts by network/netmask pairs and + by netgroup names if your system supports netgroups. The + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>EXCEPT</I +> keyword can also be used to limit a + wildcard list. The following examples may provide some help:</P +><P +>Example 1: allow all IPs in 150.203.*.*; except one</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts allow = 150.203. EXCEPT 150.203.6.66</B +></P +><P +>Example 2: allow hosts that match the given network/netmask</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts allow = 150.203.15.0/255.255.255.0</B +></P +><P +>Example 3: allow a couple of hosts</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts allow = lapland, arvidsjaur</B +></P +><P +>Example 4: allow only hosts in NIS netgroup "foonet", but + deny access from one particular host</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts allow = @foonet</B +></P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts deny = pirate</B +></P +><P +>Note that access still requires suitable user-level passwords.</P +><P +>See <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm(1)</B +> + </A +> for a way of testing your host access to see if it does + what you expect.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (i.e., all hosts permitted access) + </I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>allow hosts = 150.203.5. myhost.mynet.edu.au + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOSTSDENY" +></A +>hosts deny (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>The opposite of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts allow</I +></TT +> + - hosts listed here are <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> permitted access to + services unless the specific services have their own lists to override + this one. Where the lists conflict, the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>allow</I +></TT +> + list takes precedence.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (i.e., no hosts specifically excluded) + </I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts deny = 150.203.4. badhost.mynet.edu.au + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="HOSTSEQUIV" +></A +>hosts equiv (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this global parameter is a non-null string, + it specifies the name of a file to read for the names of hosts + and users who will be allowed access without specifying a password. + </P +><P +>This is not be confused with <A +HREF="#HOSTSALLOW" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts allow</I +></TT +></A +> which is about hosts + access to services and is more useful for guest services. <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> hosts equiv</I +></TT +> may be useful for NT clients which will + not supply passwords to Samba.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE :</I +> The use of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts equiv + </I +></TT +> can be a major security hole. This is because you are + trusting the PC to supply the correct username. It is very easy to + get a PC to supply a false username. I recommend that the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts equiv</I +></TT +> option be only used if you really + know what you are doing, or perhaps on a home network where you trust + your spouse and kids. And only if you <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>really</I +> trust + them :-).</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no host equivalences</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>hosts equiv = /etc/hosts.equiv</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="INCLUDE" +></A +>include (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This allows you to include one config file + inside another. The file is included literally, as though typed + in place.</P +><P +>It takes the standard substitutions, except <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u + </I +></TT +>, <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%P</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%S</I +></TT +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no file included</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>include = /usr/local/samba/lib/admin_smb.conf + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="INHERITACLS" +></A +>inherit acls (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter can be used to ensure + that if default acls exist on parent directories, + they are always honored when creating a subdirectory. + The default behavior is to use the mode specified + when creating the directory. Enabling this option + sets the mode to 0777, thus guaranteeing that + default directory acls are propagated. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inherit acls = no</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="INHERITPERMISSIONS" +></A +>inherit permissions (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>The permissions on new files and directories + are normally governed by <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> create mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMASK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#FORCECREATEMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force create mode</I +></TT +> + </A +> and <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + directory mode</I +></TT +></A +> but the boolean inherit + permissions parameter overrides this.</P +><P +>New directories inherit the mode of the parent directory, + including bits such as setgid.</P +><P +>New files inherit their read/write bits from the parent + directory. Their execute bits continue to be determined by + <A +HREF="#MAPARCHIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map archive</I +></TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="#MAPHIDDEN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map hidden</I +></TT +> + </A +> and <A +HREF="#MAPSYSTEM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map system</I +></TT +> + </A +> as usual.</P +><P +>Note that the setuid bit is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>never</I +> set via + inheritance (the code explicitly prohibits this).</P +><P +>This can be particularly useful on large systems with + many users, perhaps several thousand, to allow a single [homes] + share to be used flexibly by each user.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask + </I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> directory mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#FORCECREATEMODE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force create mode</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYMODE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory mode</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inherit permissions = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="INTERFACES" +></A +>interfaces (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to override the default + network interfaces list that Samba will use for browsing, name + registration and other NBT traffic. By default Samba will query + the kernel for the list of all active interfaces and use any + interfaces except 127.0.0.1 that are broadcast capable.</P +><P +>The option takes a list of interface strings. Each string + can be in any of the following forms:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>a network interface name (such as eth0). + This may include shell-like wildcards so eth* will match + any interface starting with the substring "eth"</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>an IP address. In this case the netmask is + determined from the list of interfaces obtained from the + kernel</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>an IP/mask pair. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>a broadcast/mask pair.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The "mask" parameters can either be a bit length (such + as 24 for a C class network) or a full netmask in dotted + decimal form.</P +><P +>The "IP" parameters above can either be a full dotted + decimal IP address or a hostname which will be looked up via + the OS's normal hostname resolution mechanisms.</P +><P +>For example, the following line:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>interfaces = eth0 192.168.2.10/24 192.168.3.10/255.255.255.0 + </B +></P +><P +>would configure three network interfaces corresponding + to the eth0 device and IP addresses 192.168.2.10 and 192.168.3.10. + The netmasks of the latter two interfaces would be set to 255.255.255.0.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#BINDINTERFACESONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>bind + interfaces only</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>all active interfaces except 127.0.0.1 + that are broadcast capable</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="INVALIDUSERS" +></A +>invalid users (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users that should not be allowed + to login to this service. This is really a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>paranoid</I +> + check to absolutely ensure an improper setting does not breach + your security.</P +><P +>A name starting with a '@' is interpreted as an NIS + netgroup first (if your system supports NIS), and then as a UNIX + group if the name was not found in the NIS netgroup database.</P +><P +>A name starting with '+' is interpreted only + by looking in the UNIX group database. A name starting with + '&' is interpreted only by looking in the NIS netgroup database + (this requires NIS to be working on your system). The characters + '+' and '&' may be used at the start of the name in either order + so the value <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>+&group</I +></TT +> means check the + UNIX group database, followed by the NIS netgroup database, and + the value <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>&+group</I +></TT +> means check the NIS + netgroup database, followed by the UNIX group database (the + same as the '@' prefix).</P +><P +>The current servicename is substituted for <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%S</I +></TT +>. + This is useful in the [homes] section.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#VALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>valid users + </I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no invalid users</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>invalid users = root fred admin @wheel + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="KEEPALIVE" +></A +>keepalive (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the parameter (an integer) represents + the number of seconds between <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>keepalive</I +></TT +> + packets. If this parameter is zero, no keepalive packets will be + sent. Keepalive packets, if sent, allow the server to tell whether + a client is still present and responding.</P +><P +>Keepalives should, in general, not be needed if the socket + being used has the SO_KEEPALIVE attribute set on it (see <A +HREF="#SOCKETOPTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>socket options</I +></TT +></A +>). + Basically you should only use this option if you strike difficulties.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>keepalive = 300</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>keepalive = 600</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="KERNELOPLOCKS" +></A +>kernel oplocks (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>For UNIXes that support kernel based <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> + (currently only IRIX and the Linux 2.4 kernel), this parameter + allows the use of them to be turned on or off.</P +><P +>Kernel oplocks support allows Samba <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks + </I +></TT +> to be broken whenever a local UNIX process or NFS operation + accesses a file that <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +> + </A +> has oplocked. This allows complete data consistency between + SMB/CIFS, NFS and local file access (and is a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>very</I +> + cool feature :-).</P +><P +>This parameter defaults to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>on</TT +>, but is translated + to a no-op on systems that no not have the necessary kernel support. + You should never need to touch this parameter.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +> + </A +> and <A +HREF="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>level2 oplocks + </I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>kernel oplocks = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LANMANAUTH" +></A +>lanman auth (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines whether or not <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> will + attempt to authenticate users using the LANMAN password hash. + If disabled, only clients which support NT password hashes (e.g. Windows + NT/2000 clients, smbclient, etc... but not Windows 95/98 or the MS DOS + network client) will be able to connect to the Samba host.</P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lanman auth = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LARGEREADWRITE" +></A +>large readwrite (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines whether or not <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> + supports the new 64k streaming read and write varient SMB requests introduced + with Windows 2000. Note that due to Windows 2000 client redirector bugs + this requires Samba to be running on a 64-bit capable operating system such + as IRIX, Solaris or a Linux 2.4 kernel. Can improve performance by 10% with + Windows 2000 clients. Defaults to on. Not as tested as some other Samba + code paths. + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>large readwrite = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPADMINDN" +></A +>ldap admin dn (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap admin dn</I +></TT +> defines the Distinguished + Name (DN) name used by Samba to contact the ldap server when retreiving + user account information. The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap + admin dn</I +></TT +> is used in conjunction with the admin dn password + stored in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>private/secrets.tdb</TT +> file. See the + <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +> man + page for more information on how to accomplish this. + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPDELETEDN" +></A +>>ldap del only sam attr (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> This parameter specifies whether a delete + operation in the ldapsam deletes the complete entry or only the attributes + specific to Samba. + </P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ldap delete dn = no</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPDELONLYSAMATTR" +></A +>>ldap del only sam attr (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> Inverted synonym for <A +HREF="#LDAPDELETEDN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> ldap delete dn</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPFILTER" +></A +>ldap filter (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the RFC 2254 compliant LDAP search filter. + The default is to match the login name with the <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>uid</TT +> + attribute for all entries matching the <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>sambaAccount</TT +> + objectclass. Note that this filter should only return one entry. + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap filter = (&(uid=%u)(objectclass=sambaAccount))</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPPORT" +></A +>ldap port (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only available if Samba has been + configure to include the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>--with-ldapsam</B +> option + at compile time. + </P +><P +> This option is used to control the tcp port number used to contact + the <A +HREF="#LDAPSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap server</I +></TT +></A +>. + The default is to use the stand LDAPS port 636. + </P +><P +>See Also: <A +HREF="#LDAPSSL" +>ldap ssl</A +> + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap port = 636 ; if ldap ssl = on</B +></P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap port = 389 ; if ldap ssl = off</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPSERVER" +></A +>ldap server (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only available if Samba has been + configure to include the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>--with-ldapsam</B +> option + at compile time. + </P +><P +> This parameter should contain the FQDN of the ldap directory + server which should be queried to locate user account information. + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap server = localhost</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPSSL" +></A +>ldap ssl (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used to define whether or not Samba should + use SSL when connecting to the ldap server + This is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> related to + Samba's previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>--with-ssl</B +> option to the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>configure</TT +> + script. + </P +><P +> The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap ssl</I +></TT +> can be set to one of three values: + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>Off</I +></TT +> = Never use SSL when querying the directory.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>Start_tls</I +></TT +> = Use the LDAPv3 StartTLS extended operation + (RFC2830) for communicating with the directory server.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>On</I +></TT +> = + Use SSL on the ldaps port when contacting the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap server</I +></TT +>. Only + available when the backwards-compatiblity <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-ldapsam</B +> option is specified + to configure. See <A +HREF="#PASSDBBACKEND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passdb backend</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap ssl = start_tls</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPSUFFIX" +></A +>ldap suffix (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies where user and machine accounts are added to the tree. Can be overriden by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap user suffix</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap machine suffix</B +>. It also used as the base dn for all ldap searches. </P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPUSERSUFFIX" +></A +>ldap user suffix (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>It specifies where users are added to the tree. + </P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPMACHINESUFFIX" +></A +>ldap machine suffix (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>It specifies where machines should be + added to the ldap tree. + </P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPPASSWDSYNC" +></A +>ldap passwd sync (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used to define whether + or not Samba should sync the LDAP password with the NT + and LM hashes for normal accounts (NOT for + workstation, server or domain trusts) on a password + change via SAMBA. + </P +><P +> The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap passwd sync</I +></TT +> can be set to one of three values: + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>Yes</I +></TT +> = Try to update the LDAP, NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>No</I +></TT +> = Update NT and LM passwords and update the pwdLastSet time.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>Only</I +></TT +> = Only update the LDAP password and let the LDAP server do the rest.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap passwd sync = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LDAPTRUSTIDS" +></A +>ldap trust ids (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Normally, Samba validates each entry + in the LDAP server against getpwnam(). This allows + LDAP to be used for Samba with the unix system using + NIS (for example) and also ensures that Samba does not + present accounts that do not otherwise exist. </P +><P +>This option is used to disable this functionality, and + instead to rely on the presence of the appropriate + attributes in LDAP directly, which can result in a + significant performance boost in some situations. + Setting this option to yes effectivly assumes + that the local machine is running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nss_ldap</B +> against the + same LDAP server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap trust ids = No</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LEVEL2OPLOCKS" +></A +>level2 oplocks (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls whether Samba supports + level2 (read-only) oplocks on a share.</P +><P +>Level2, or read-only oplocks allow Windows NT clients + that have an oplock on a file to downgrade from a read-write oplock + to a read-only oplock once a second client opens the file (instead + of releasing all oplocks on a second open, as in traditional, + exclusive oplocks). This allows all openers of the file that + support level2 oplocks to cache the file for read-ahead only (ie. + they may not cache writes or lock requests) and increases performance + for many accesses of files that are not commonly written (such as + application .EXE files).</P +><P +>Once one of the clients which have a read-only oplock + writes to the file all clients are notified (no reply is needed + or waited for) and told to break their oplocks to "none" and + delete any read-ahead caches.</P +><P +>It is recommended that this parameter be turned on + to speed access to shared executables.</P +><P +>For more discussions on level2 oplocks see the CIFS spec.</P +><P +>Currently, if <A +HREF="#KERNELOPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>kernel + oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> are supported then level2 oplocks are + not granted (even if this parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>). + Note also, the <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter must be set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> on this share in order for + this parameter to have any effect.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +> + </A +> and <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>kernel oplocks</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>level2 oplocks = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LMANNOUNCE" +></A +>lm announce (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines if <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +> will produce Lanman announce + broadcasts that are needed by OS/2 clients in order for them to see + the Samba server in their browse list. This parameter can have three + values, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>, or + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>auto</TT +>. The default is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>auto</TT +>. + If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> Samba will never produce these + broadcasts. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> Samba will produce + Lanman announce broadcasts at a frequency set by the parameter + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm interval</I +></TT +>. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>auto</TT +> + Samba will not send Lanman announce broadcasts by default but will + listen for them. If it hears such a broadcast on the wire it will + then start sending them at a frequency set by the parameter + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm interval</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#LMINTERVAL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm interval + </I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lm announce = auto</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lm announce = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LMINTERVAL" +></A +>lm interval (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If Samba is set to produce Lanman announce + broadcasts needed by OS/2 clients (see the <A +HREF="#LMANNOUNCE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm announce</I +></TT +></A +> parameter) then this + parameter defines the frequency in seconds with which they will be + made. If this is set to zero then no Lanman announcements will be + made despite the setting of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm announce</I +></TT +> + parameter.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#LMANNOUNCE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lm + announce</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lm interval = 60</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lm interval = 120</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOADPRINTERS" +></A +>load printers (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>A boolean variable that controls whether all + printers in the printcap will be loaded for browsing by default. + See the <A +HREF="#AEN79" +>printers</A +> section for + more details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>load printers = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCALMASTER" +></A +>local master (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmbd(8)</B +></A +> to try and become a local master browser + on a subnet. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmbd</B +> will not attempt to become a local master browser + on a subnet and will also lose in all browsing elections. By + default this value is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>. Setting this value to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> doesn't + mean that Samba will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>become</I +> the local master + browser on a subnet, just that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> participate</I +> in elections for local master browser.</P +><P +>Setting this value to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> will cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>never</I +> to become a local master browser.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>local master = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCKDIR" +></A +>lock dir (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#LOCKDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> lock directory</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCKDIRECTORY" +></A +>lock directory (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies the directory where lock + files will be placed. The lock files are used to implement the + <A +HREF="#MAXCONNECTIONS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max connections</I +></TT +> + </A +> option.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lock directory = ${prefix}/var/locks</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lock directory = /var/run/samba/locks</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCKSPINCOUNT" +></A +>lock spin count (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls the number of times + that smbd should attempt to gain a byte range lock on the + behalf of a client request. Experiments have shown that + Windows 2k servers do not reply with a failure if the lock + could not be immediately granted, but try a few more times + in case the lock could later be aquired. This behavior + is used to support PC database formats such as MS Access + and FoxPro. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lock spin count = 2</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCKSPINTIME" +></A +>lock spin time (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The time in microseconds that smbd should + pause before attempting to gain a failed lock. See + <A +HREF="#LOCKSPINCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock spin + count</I +></TT +></A +> for more details. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lock spin time = 10</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOCKING" +></A +>locking (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether or not locking will be + performed by the server in response to lock requests from the + client.</P +><P +>If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>locking = no</B +>, all lock and unlock + requests will appear to succeed and all lock queries will report + that the file in question is available for locking.</P +><P +>If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>locking = yes</B +>, real locking will be performed + by the server.</P +><P +>This option <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>may</I +> be useful for read-only + filesystems which <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>may</I +> not need locking (such as + CDROM drives), although setting this parameter of <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> + is not really recommended even in this case.</P +><P +>Be careful about disabling locking either globally or in a + specific service, as lack of locking may result in data corruption. + You should never need to set this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>locking = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGFILE" +></A +>log file (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to override the name + of the Samba log file (also known as the debug file).</P +><P +>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate log files for each user or machine.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log file = /usr/local/samba/var/log.%m + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGLEVEL" +></A +>log level (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the parameter (a astring) allows + the debug level (logging level) to be specified in the + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. This parameter has been + extended since the 2.2.x series, now it allow to specify the debug + level for multiple debug classes. This is to give greater + flexibility in the configuration of the system.</P +><P +>The default will be the log level specified on + the command line or level zero if none was specified.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>log level = 3 passdb:5 auth:10 winbind:2 + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGONDRIVE" +></A +>logon drive (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the local path to + which the home directory will be connected (see <A +HREF="#LOGONHOME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +></A +>) + and is only used by NT Workstations. </P +><P +>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up as a + logon server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon drive = z:</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon drive = h:</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGONHOME" +></A +>logon home (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the home directory + location when a Win95/98 or NT Workstation logs into a Samba PDC. + It allows you to do </P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>C:\> </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>NET USE H: /HOME</B +></TT +> + </P +><P +>from a command prompt, for example.</P +><P +>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</P +><P +>This parameter can be used with Win9X workstations to ensure + that roaming profiles are stored in a subdirectory of the user's + home directory. This is done in the following way:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon home = \\%N\%U\profile</B +></P +><P +>This tells Samba to return the above string, with + substitutions made when a client requests the info, generally + in a NetUserGetInfo request. Win9X clients truncate the info to + \\server\share when a user does <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net use /home</B +> + but use the whole string when dealing with profiles.</P +><P +>Note that in prior versions of Samba, the <A +HREF="#LOGONPATH" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon path</I +></TT +></A +> was returned rather than + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +>. This broke <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net use + /home</B +> but allowed profiles outside the home directory. + The current implementation is correct, and can be used for + profiles if you use the above trick.</P +><P +>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon + server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon home = "\\%N\%U"</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon home = "\\remote_smb_server\%U"</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGONPATH" +></A +>logon path (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the home directory + where roaming profiles (NTuser.dat etc files for Windows NT) are + stored. Contrary to previous versions of these manual pages, it has + nothing to do with Win 9X roaming profiles. To find out how to + handle roaming profiles for Win 9X system, see the <A +HREF="#LOGONHOME" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>logon home</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you + to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine. It also + specifies the directory from which the "Application Data", + (<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>desktop</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>start menu</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>network neighborhood</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>programs</TT +> + and other folders, and their contents, are loaded and displayed on + your Windows NT client.</P +><P +>The share and the path must be readable by the user for + the preferences and directories to be loaded onto the Windows NT + client. The share must be writeable when the user logs in for the first + time, in order that the Windows NT client can create the NTuser.dat + and other directories.</P +><P +>Thereafter, the directories and any of the contents can, + if required, be made read-only. It is not advisable that the + NTuser.dat file be made read-only - rename it to NTuser.man to + achieve the desired effect (a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>MAN</I +>datory + profile). </P +><P +>Windows clients can sometimes maintain a connection to + the [homes] share, even though there is no user logged in. + Therefore, it is vital that the logon path does not include a + reference to the homes share (i.e. setting this parameter to + \%N\%U\profile_path will cause problems).</P +><P +>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing + you to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</P +><P +>Note that this option is only useful if Samba is set up + as a logon server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon path = \\%N\%U\profile</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon path = \\PROFILESERVER\PROFILE\%U</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LOGONSCRIPT" +></A +>logon script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the batch file (.bat) or + NT command file (.cmd) to be downloaded and run on a machine when + a user successfully logs in. The file must contain the DOS + style CR/LF line endings. Using a DOS-style editor to create the + file is recommended.</P +><P +>The script must be a relative path to the [netlogon] + service. If the [netlogon] service specifies a <A +HREF="#PATH" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>path</I +></TT +></A +> of <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/netlogon + </TT +>, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon script = STARTUP.BAT</B +>, then + the file that will be downloaded is:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/netlogon/STARTUP.BAT</TT +></P +><P +>The contents of the batch file are entirely your choice. A + suggested command would be to add <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NET TIME \\SERVER /SET + /YES</B +>, to force every machine to synchronize clocks with + the same time server. Another use would be to add <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>NET USE + U: \\SERVER\UTILS</B +> for commonly used utilities, or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> NET USE Q: \\SERVER\ISO9001_QA</B +> for example.</P +><P +>Note that it is particularly important not to allow write + access to the [netlogon] share, or to grant users write permission + on the batch files in a secure environment, as this would allow + the batch files to be arbitrarily modified and security to be + breached.</P +><P +>This option takes the standard substitutions, allowing you + to have separate logon scripts for each user or machine.</P +><P +>This option is only useful if Samba is set up as a logon + server.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no logon script defined</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>logon script = scripts\%U.bat</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LPPAUSECOMMAND" +></A +>lppause command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to stop printing or spooling + a specific print job.</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number to pause the print job. One way + of implementing this is by using job priorities, where jobs + having a too low priority won't be sent to the printer.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%j</I +></TT +> is replaced with + the job number (an integer). On HPUX (see <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing=hpux + </I +></TT +>), if the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-p%p</I +></TT +> option is added + to the lpq command, the job will show up with the correct status, i.e. + if the job priority is lower than the set fence priority it will + have the PAUSED status, whereas if the priority is equal or higher it + will have the SPOOLED or PRINTING status.</P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the lppause command as the PATH may not be available to the server.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: Currently no default value is given to + this string, unless the value of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +> + parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SYSV</TT +>, in which case the default is :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lp -i %p-%j -H hold</B +></P +><P +>or if the value of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +> parameter + is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SOFTQ</TT +>, then the default is:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>qstat -s -j%j -h</B +></P +><P +>Example for HPUX: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lppause command = /usr/bin/lpalt + %p-%j -p0</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LPQCACHETIME" +></A +>lpq cache time (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls how long lpq info will be cached + for to prevent the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq</B +> command being called too + often. A separate cache is kept for each variation of the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> lpq</B +> command used by the system, so if you use different + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq</B +> commands for different users then they won't + share cache information.</P +><P +>The cache files are stored in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/tmp/lpq.xxxx</TT +> + where xxxx is a hash of the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq</B +> command in use.</P +><P +>The default is 10 seconds, meaning that the cached results + of a previous identical <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq</B +> command will be used + if the cached data is less than 10 seconds old. A large value may + be advisable if your <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq</B +> command is very slow.</P +><P +>A value of 0 will disable caching completely.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq cache time = 10</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq cache time = 30</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LPQCOMMAND" +></A +>lpq command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to obtain <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq + </B +>-style printer status information.</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which + takes a printer name as its only parameter and outputs printer + status information.</P +><P +>Currently nine styles of printer status information + are supported; BSD, AIX, LPRNG, PLP, SYSV, HPUX, QNX, CUPS, and SOFTQ. + This covers most UNIX systems. You control which type is expected + using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing =</I +></TT +> option.</P +><P +>Some clients (notably Windows for Workgroups) may not + correctly send the connection number for the printer they are + requesting status information about. To get around this, the + server reports on the first printer service connected to by the + client. This only happens if the connection number sent is invalid.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the + command.</P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpq command</I +></TT +> as the <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>$PATH + </TT +> may not be available to the server. When compiled with + the CUPS libraries, no <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpq command</I +></TT +> is + needed because smbd will make a library call to obtain the + print queue listing.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>depends on the setting of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printing</I +></TT +></I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LPRESUMECOMMAND" +></A +>lpresume command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to restart or continue + printing or spooling a specific print job.</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number to resume the print job. See + also the <A +HREF="#LPPAUSECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lppause command + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%j</I +></TT +> is replaced with + the job number (an integer).</P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute path + in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpresume command</I +></TT +> as the PATH may not + be available to the server.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: Currently no default value is given + to this string, unless the value of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +> + parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SYSV</TT +>, in which case the default is :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lp -i %p-%j -H resume</B +></P +><P +>or if the value of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +> parameter + is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SOFTQ</TT +>, then the default is:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>qstat -s -j%j -r</B +></P +><P +>Example for HPUX: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpresume command = /usr/bin/lpalt + %p-%j -p2</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="LPRMCOMMAND" +></A +>lprm command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to delete a print job.</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name and job number, and deletes the print job.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%j</I +></TT +> is replaced with + the job number (an integer).</P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lprm command</I +></TT +> as the PATH may not be + available to the server.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>depends on the setting of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></I +></P +><P +>Example 1: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j + </B +></P +><P +>Example 2: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lprm command = /usr/bin/cancel %p-%j + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MACHINEPASSWORDTIMEOUT" +></A +>machine password timeout (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If a Samba server is a member of a Windows + NT Domain (see the <A +HREF="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN" +>security = domain</A +>) + parameter) then periodically a running <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbd(8)</A +> process will try and change the MACHINE ACCOUNT + PASSWORD stored in the TDB called <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>private/secrets.tdb + </TT +>. This parameter specifies how often this password + will be changed, in seconds. The default is one week (expressed in + seconds), the same as a Windows NT Domain member server.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8) + </B +></A +>, and the <A +HREF="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN" +> security = domain</A +>) parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>machine password timeout = 604800</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAGICOUTPUT" +></A +>magic output (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the name of a file + which will contain output created by a magic script (see the + <A +HREF="#MAGICSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>magic script</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter below).</P +><P +>Warning: If two clients use the same <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>magic script + </I +></TT +> in the same directory the output file content + is undefined.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>magic output = <magic script name>.out + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>magic output = myfile.txt</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAGICSCRIPT" +></A +>magic script (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the name of a file which, + if opened, will be executed by the server when the file is closed. + This allows a UNIX script to be sent to the Samba host and + executed on behalf of the connected user.</P +><P +>Scripts executed in this way will be deleted upon + completion assuming that the user has the appropriate level + of privilege and the file permissions allow the deletion.</P +><P +>If the script generates output, output will be sent to + the file specified by the <A +HREF="#MAGICOUTPUT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> magic output</I +></TT +></A +> parameter (see above).</P +><P +>Note that some shells are unable to interpret scripts + containing CR/LF instead of CR as + the end-of-line marker. Magic scripts must be executable + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>as is</I +> on the host, which for some hosts and + some shells will require filtering at the DOS end.</P +><P +>Magic scripts are <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>EXPERIMENTAL</I +> and + should <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> be relied upon.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>None. Magic scripts disabled.</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>magic script = user.csh</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLECASE" +></A +>mangle case (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>See the section on <A +HREF="#AEN205" +> NAME MANGLING</A +></P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangle case = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLEDMAP" +></A +>mangled map (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is for those who want to directly map UNIX + file names which cannot be represented on Windows/DOS. The mangling + of names is not always what is needed. In particular you may have + documents with file extensions that differ between DOS and UNIX. + For example, under UNIX it is common to use <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.html</TT +> + for HTML files, whereas under Windows/DOS <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.htm</TT +> + is more commonly used.</P +><P +>So to map <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>html</TT +> to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>htm</TT +> + you would use:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangled map = (*.html *.htm)</B +></P +><P +>One very useful case is to remove the annoying <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>;1 + </TT +> off the ends of filenames on some CDROMs (only visible + under some UNIXes). To do this use a map of (*;1 *;).</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no mangled map</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangled map = (*;1 *;)</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLEDNAMES" +></A +>mangled names (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether non-DOS names under UNIX + should be mapped to DOS-compatible names ("mangled") and made visible, + or whether non-DOS names should simply be ignored.</P +><P +>See the section on <A +HREF="#AEN205" +> NAME MANGLING</A +> for details on how to control the mangling process.</P +><P +>If mangling is used then the mangling algorithm is as follows:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The first (up to) five alphanumeric characters before the rightmost dot of the filename are preserved, forced to upper case, and appear as the first (up to) five characters - of the mangled name.</p></li><li><p>A tilde "~" is appended to the first part of the mangled + of the mangled name.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>A tilde "~" is appended to the first part of the mangled name, followed by a two-character unique sequence, based on the original root name (i.e., the original filename minus its final extension). The final extension is included in the hash calculation only if it contains any upper case characters or is longer than three - characters.</p><p>Note that the character to use may be specified using - the <a href="#MANGLINGCHAR"><i><tt>mangling char</tt></i> - </a> option, if you don't like '~'.</p></li><li><p>The first three alphanumeric characters of the final + characters.</P +><P +>Note that the character to use may be specified using + the <A +HREF="#MANGLINGCHAR" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>mangling char</I +></TT +> + </A +> option, if you don't like '~'.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The first three alphanumeric characters of the final extension are preserved, forced to upper case and appear as the extension of the mangled name. The final extension is defined as that part of the original filename after the rightmost dot. If there are no dots in the filename, the mangled name will have no extension (except - in the case of "hidden files" - see below).</p></li><li><p>Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot will be + in the case of "hidden files" - see below).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Files whose UNIX name begins with a dot will be presented as DOS hidden files. The mangled name will be created as - for other filenames, but with the leading dot removed and "___" as + for other filenames, but with the leading dot removed and "___" as its extension regardless of actual original extension (that's three - underscores).</p></li></ul></div><p>The two-digit hash value consists of upper case alphanumeric characters.</p><p>This algorithm can cause name collisions only if files - in a directory share the same first five alphanumeric characters. - The probability of such a clash is 1/1300.</p><p>The name mangling (if enabled) allows a file to be - copied between UNIX directories from Windows/DOS while retaining - the long UNIX filename. UNIX files can be renamed to a new extension - from Windows/DOS and will retain the same basename. Mangled names - do not change between sessions.</p><p>Default: <b>mangled names = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLINGSTACK"></a>mangling stack (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls the number of mangled names - that should be cached in the Samba server <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>.</p><p>This stack is a list of recently mangled base names - (extensions are only maintained if they are longer than 3 characters - or contains upper case characters).</p><p>The larger this value, the more likely it is that mangled - names can be successfully converted to correct long UNIX names. - However, large stack sizes will slow most directory accesses. Smaller - stacks save memory in the server (each stack element costs 256 bytes). - </p><p>It is not possible to absolutely guarantee correct long - filenames, so be prepared for some surprises!</p><p>Default: <b>mangled stack = 50</b></p><p>Example: <b>mangled stack = 100</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLINGPREFIX"></a>mangling prefix (G)</span></dt><dd><p> controls the number of prefix - characters from the original name used when generating - the mangled names. A larger value will give a weaker - hash and therefore more name collisions. The minimum - value is 1 and the maximum value is 6.</p><p>Default: <b>mangle prefix = 1</b></p><p>Example: <b>mangle prefix = 4</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLINGCHAR"></a>mangling char (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls what character is used as - the <span class="emphasis"><em>magic</em></span> character in <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">name mangling</a>. The - default is a '~' but this may interfere with some software. Use this option to set - it to whatever you prefer.</p><p>Default: <b>mangling char = ~</b></p><p>Example: <b>mangling char = ^</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MANGLINGMETHOD"></a>mangling method (G)</span></dt><dd><p> controls the algorithm used for the generating - the mangled names. Can take two different values, "hash" and - "hash2". "hash" is the default and is the algorithm that has been - used in Samba for many years. "hash2" is a newer and considered - a better algorithm (generates less collisions) in the names. - However, many Win32 applications store the mangled names and so - changing to the new algorithm must not be done - lightly as these applications may break unless reinstalled.</p><p>Default: <b>mangling method = hash2</b></p><p>Example: <b>mangling method = hash</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAPARCHIVE"></a>map archive (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether the DOS archive attribute - should be mapped to the UNIX owner execute bit. The DOS archive bit - is set when a file has been modified since its last backup. One - motivation for this option it to keep Samba/your PC from making - any file it touches from becoming executable under UNIX. This can - be quite annoying for shared source code, documents, etc...</p><p>Note that this requires the <i><tt>create mask</tt></i> - parameter to be set such that owner execute bit is not masked out - (i.e. it must include 100). See the parameter <a href="#CREATEMASK"> - <i><tt>create mask</tt></i></a> for details.</p><p>Default: <b>map archive = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAPHIDDEN"></a>map hidden (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether DOS style hidden files - should be mapped to the UNIX world execute bit.</p><p>Note that this requires the <i><tt>create mask</tt></i> - to be set such that the world execute bit is not masked out (i.e. - it must include 001). See the parameter <a href="#CREATEMASK"> - <i><tt>create mask</tt></i></a> for details.</p><p>Default: <b>map hidden = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAPSYSTEM"></a>map system (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether DOS style system files - should be mapped to the UNIX group execute bit.</p><p>Note that this requires the <i><tt>create mask</tt></i> - to be set such that the group execute bit is not masked out (i.e. - it must include 010). See the parameter <a href="#CREATEMASK"> - <i><tt>create mask</tt></i></a> for details.</p><p>Default: <b>map system = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAPTOGUEST"></a>map to guest (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only useful in <a href="#SECURITY"> - security</a> modes other than <i><tt>security = share</tt></i> - - i.e. <tt>user</tt>, <tt>server</tt>, - and <tt>domain</tt>.</p><p>This parameter can take three different values, which tell - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> what to do with user - login requests that don't match a valid UNIX user in some way.</p><p>The three settings are :</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>Never</tt> - Means user login - requests with an invalid password are rejected. This is the - default.</p></li><li><p><tt>Bad User</tt> - Means user - logins with an invalid password are rejected, unless the username - does not exist, in which case it is treated as a guest login and - mapped into the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"><i><tt> - guest account</tt></i></a>.</p></li><li><p><tt>Bad Password</tt> - Means user logins - with an invalid password are treated as a guest login and mapped - into the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT">guest account</a>. Note that - this can cause problems as it means that any user incorrectly typing - their password will be silently logged on as "guest" - and - will not know the reason they cannot access files they think - they should - there will have been no message given to them - that they got their password wrong. Helpdesk services will - <span class="emphasis"><em>hate</em></span> you if you set the <i><tt>map to - guest</tt></i> parameter this way :-).</p></li></ul></div><p>Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" - share services when using <i><tt>security</tt></i> modes other than - share. This is because in these modes the name of the resource being - requested is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client so the server - cannot make authentication decisions at the correct time (connection - to the share) for "Guest" shares.</p><p>For people familiar with the older Samba releases, this - parameter maps to the old compile-time setting of the <tt> - GUEST_SESSSETUP</tt> value in local.h.</p><p>Default: <b>map to guest = Never</b></p><p>Example: <b>map to guest = Bad User</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXCONNECTIONS"></a>max connections (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows the number of simultaneous connections to a service to be limited. - If <i><tt>max connections</tt></i> is greater than 0 then connections - will be refused if this number of connections to the service are already open. A value - of zero mean an unlimited number of connections may be made.</p><p>Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The lock files will be stored in - the directory specified by the <a href="#LOCKDIRECTORY"> - <i><tt>lock directory</tt></i></a> option.</p><p>Default: <b>max connections = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>max connections = 10</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXDISKSIZE"></a>max disk size (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to put an upper limit - on the apparent size of disks. If you set this option to 100 - then all shares will appear to be not larger than 100 MB in - size.</p><p>Note that this option does not limit the amount of - data you can put on the disk. In the above case you could still - store much more than 100 MB on the disk, but if a client ever asks - for the amount of free disk space or the total disk size then the - result will be bounded by the amount specified in <i><tt>max - disk size</tt></i>.</p><p>This option is primarily useful to work around bugs - in some pieces of software that can't handle very large disks, - particularly disks over 1GB in size.</p><p>A <i><tt>max disk size</tt></i> of 0 means no limit.</p><p>Default: <b>max disk size = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>max disk size = 1000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXLOGSIZE"></a>max log size (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option (an integer in kilobytes) specifies - the max size the log file should grow to. Samba periodically checks - the size and if it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding - a <tt>.old</tt> extension.</p><p>A size of 0 means no limit.</p><p>Default: <b>max log size = 5000</b></p><p>Example: <b>max log size = 1000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXMUX"></a>max mux (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option controls the maximum number of - outstanding simultaneous SMB operations that Samba tells the client - it will allow. You should never need to set this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>max mux = 50</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXOPENFILES"></a>max open files (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter limits the maximum number of - open files that one <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> file - serving process may have open for a client at any one time. The - default for this parameter is set very high (10,000) as Samba uses - only one bit per unopened file.</p><p>The limit of the number of open files is usually set - by the UNIX per-process file descriptor limit rather than - this parameter so you should never need to touch this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>max open files = 10000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXPRINTJOBS"></a>max print jobs (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter limits the maximum number of - jobs allowable in a Samba printer queue at any given moment. - If this number is exceeded, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will remote "Out of Space" to the client. - See all <a href="#TOTALPRINTJOBS"><i><tt>total - print jobs</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <b>max print jobs = 1000</b></p><p>Example: <b>max print jobs = 5000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXPROTOCOL"></a>max protocol (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the parameter (a string) is the highest - protocol level that will be supported by the server.</p><p>Possible values are :</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>CORE</tt>: Earliest version. No - concept of user names.</p></li><li><p><tt>COREPLUS</tt>: Slight improvements on - CORE for efficiency.</p></li><li><p><tt>LANMAN1</tt>: First <span class="emphasis"><em> - modern</em></span> version of the protocol. Long filename - support.</p></li><li><p><tt>LANMAN2</tt>: Updates to Lanman1 protocol.</p></li><li><p><tt>NT1</tt>: Current up to date version of the protocol. - Used by Windows NT. Known as CIFS.</p></li></ul></div><p>Normally this option should not be set as the automatic - negotiation phase in the SMB protocol takes care of choosing - the appropriate protocol.</p><p>See also <a href="#MINPROTOCOL"><i><tt>min - protocol</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <b>max protocol = NT1</b></p><p>Example: <b>max protocol = LANMAN1</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXSMBDPROCESSES"></a>max smbd processes (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter limits the maximum number of <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> processes concurrently running on a system and is intended - as a stopgap to prevent degrading service to clients in the event that the server has insufficient - resources to handle more than this number of connections. Remember that under normal operating - conditions, each user will have an <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> associated with him or her to handle connections to all - shares from a given host.</p><p>Default: <b>max smbd processes = 0</b> ## no limit</p><p>Example: <b>max smbd processes = 1000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXTTL"></a>max ttl (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> what the default 'time to live' - of NetBIOS names should be (in seconds) when <b>nmbd</b> is - requesting a name using either a broadcast packet or from a WINS server. You should - never need to change this parameter. The default is 3 days.</p><p>Default: <b>max ttl = 259200</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXWINSTTL"></a>max wins ttl (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> when acting as a WINS server (<a href="#WINSSUPPORT"> - <i><tt>wins support = yes</tt></i></a>) what the maximum - 'time to live' of NetBIOS names that <b>nmbd</b> - will grant will be (in seconds). You should never need to change this - parameter. The default is 6 days (518400 seconds).</p><p>See also the <a href="#MINWINSTTL"><i><tt>min - wins ttl</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>max wins ttl = 518400</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MAXXMIT"></a>max xmit (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option controls the maximum packet size - that will be negotiated by Samba. The default is 65535, which - is the maximum. In some cases you may find you get better performance - with a smaller value. A value below 2048 is likely to cause problems. - </p><p>Default: <b>max xmit = 65535</b></p><p>Example: <b>max xmit = 8192</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MESSAGECOMMAND"></a>message command (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies what command to run when the - server receives a WinPopup style message.</p><p>This would normally be a command that would - deliver the message somehow. How this is to be done is - up to your imagination.</p><p>An example is:</p><p><b>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s;rm %s' &</b> - </p><p>This delivers the message using <b>xedit</b>, then - removes it afterwards. <span class="emphasis"><em>NOTE THAT IT IS VERY IMPORTANT - THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN IMMEDIATELY</em></span>. That's why I - have the '&' on the end. If it doesn't return immediately then - your PCs may freeze when sending messages (they should recover - after 30 seconds, hopefully).</p><p>All messages are delivered as the global guest user. - The command takes the standard substitutions, although <i><tt> - %u</tt></i> won't work (<i><tt>%U</tt></i> may be better - in this case).</p><p>Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional - ones apply. In particular:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>%s</tt></i> = the filename containing - the message.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>%t</tt></i> = the destination that - the message was sent to (probably the server name).</p></li><li><p><i><tt>%f</tt></i> = who the message - is from.</p></li></ul></div><p>You could make this command send mail, or whatever else - takes your fancy. Please let us know of any really interesting - ideas you have.</p><p>Here's a way of sending the messages as mail to root:</p><p><b>message command = /bin/mail -s 'message from %f on - %m' root < %s; rm %s</b></p><p>If you don't have a message command then the message - won't be delivered and Samba will tell the sender there was - an error. Unfortunately WfWg totally ignores the error code - and carries on regardless, saying that the message was delivered. - </p><p>If you want to silently delete it then try:</p><p><b>message command = rm %s</b></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no message command</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s; rm %s' &</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MINPASSWDLENGTH"></a>min passwd length (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#MINPASSWORDLENGTH"> - <i><tt>min password length</tt></i></a>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MINPASSWORDLENGTH"></a>min password length (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option sets the minimum length in characters of a - plaintext password that <b>smbd</b> will - accept when performing UNIX password changing.</p><p>See also <a href="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><i><tt>unix - password sync</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"> - <i><tt>passwd program</tt></i></a> and <a href="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG"> - <i><tt>passwd chat debug</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>min password length = 5</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MINPRINTSPACE"></a>min print space (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This sets the minimum amount of free disk - space that must be available before a user will be able to spool - a print job. It is specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which - means a user can always spool a print job.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PRINTING"><i><tt>printing - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>min print space = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>min print space = 2000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MINPROTOCOL"></a>min protocol (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The value of the parameter (a string) is the - lowest SMB protocol dialect than Samba will support. Please refer - to the <a href="#MAXPROTOCOL"><i><tt>max protocol</tt></i></a> - parameter for a list of valid protocol names and a brief description - of each. You may also wish to refer to the C source code in - <tt>source/smbd/negprot.c</tt> for a listing of known protocol - dialects supported by clients.</p><p>If you are viewing this parameter as a security measure, you should - also refer to the <a href="#LANMANAUTH"><i><tt>lanman - auth</tt></i></a> parameter. Otherwise, you should never need - to change this parameter.</p><p>Default : <b>min protocol = CORE</b></p><p>Example : <b>min protocol = NT1</b> # disable DOS clients</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MINWINSTTL"></a>min wins ttl (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> - when acting as a WINS server (<a href="#WINSSUPPORT"><i><tt> - wins support = yes</tt></i></a>) what the minimum 'time to live' - of NetBIOS names that <b>nmbd</b> will grant will be (in - seconds). You should never need to change this parameter. The default - is 6 hours (21600 seconds).</p><p>Default: <b>min wins ttl = 21600</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MSDFSPROXY"></a>msdfs proxy (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter indicates that the share is a - stand-in for another CIFS share whose location is specified by - the value of the parameter. When clients attempt to connect to - this share, they are redirected to the proxied share using - the SMB-Dfs protocol.</p><p>Only Dfs roots can act as proxy shares. Take a look at the - <a href="#MSDFSROOT"><i><tt>msdfs root</tt></i></a> - and <a href="#HOSTMSDFS"><i><tt>host msdfs</tt></i></a> - options to find out how to set up a Dfs root share.</p><p>Example: <b>msdfs proxy = \\\\otherserver\\someshare</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="MSDFSROOT"></a>msdfs root (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter is only available if - Samba is configured and compiled with the <b> - --with-msdfs</b> option. If set to <tt>yes</tt>, - Samba treats the share as a Dfs root and allows clients to browse - the distributed file system tree rooted at the share directory. - Dfs links are specified in the share directory by symbolic - links of the form <tt>msdfs:serverA\\shareA,serverB\\shareB</tt> - and so on. For more information on setting up a Dfs tree - on Samba, refer to <a href="msdfs.html" target="_top">"Hosting a Microsoft - Distributed File System tree on Samba"</a> document.</p><p>See also <a href="#HOSTMSDFS"><i><tt>host msdfs</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <b>msdfs root = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NAMECACHETIMEOUT"></a>name cache timeout (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies the number of seconds it takes before - entries in samba's hostname resolve cache time out. If - the timeout is set to 0. the caching is disabled. - </p><p>Default: <b>name cache timeout = 660</b></p><p>Example: <b>name cache timeout = 0</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NAMERESOLVEORDER"></a>name resolve order (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option is used by the programs in the Samba - suite to determine what naming services to use and in what order - to resolve host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space - separated string of name resolution options.</p><p>The options are: "lmhosts", "host", - "wins" and "bcast". They cause names to be - resolved as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>lmhosts</tt> : Lookup an IP - address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has - no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <a href="lmhosts.5.html" target="_top">lmhosts(5)</a> for details) then - any name type matches for lookup.</p></li><li><p><tt>host</tt> : Do a standard host - name to IP address resolution, using the system <tt>/etc/hosts - </tt>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution - is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this - may be controlled by the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> - file. Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name - type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise - it is ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>wins</tt> : Query a name with - the IP address listed in the <a href="#WINSSERVER"><i><tt> - wins server</tt></i></a> parameter. If no WINS server has - been specified this method will be ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>bcast</tt> : Do a broadcast on - each of the known local interfaces listed in the <a href="#INTERFACES"><i><tt>interfaces</tt></i></a> - parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution - methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally - connected subnet.</p></li></ul></div><p>Default: <b>name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast</b></p><p>Example: <b>name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host</b></p><p>This will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined - first, followed by a broadcast attempt, followed by a normal - system hostname lookup.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NETBIOSALIASES"></a>netbios aliases (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of NetBIOS names that <a href="nmbd.8.html" target="_top">nmbd(8)</a> will - advertise as additional names by which the Samba server is known. This allows one machine - to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a machine is acting as a browse server - or logon server none of these names will be advertised as either browse server or logon - servers, only the primary name of the machine will be advertised with these capabilities. - </p><p>See also <a href="#NETBIOSNAME"><i><tt>netbios - name</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>empty string (no additional names)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NETBIOSNAME"></a>netbios name (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba - server is known. By default it is the same as the first component - of the host's DNS name. If a machine is a browse server or - logon server this name (or the first component - of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that these services are - advertised under.</p><p>See also <a href="#NETBIOSALIASES"><i><tt>netbios - aliases</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>machine DNS name</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>netbios name = MYNAME</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NETBIOSSCOPE"></a>netbios scope (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will - operate under. This should not be set unless every machine - on your LAN also sets this value.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NISHOMEDIR"></a>nis homedir (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Get the home share server from a NIS map. For - UNIX systems that use an automounter, the user's home directory - will often be mounted on a workstation on demand from a remote - server. </p><p>When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory - server, but is mounting the home directories via NFS then two - network hops would be required to access the users home directory - if the logon server told the client to use itself as the SMB server - for home directories (one over SMB and one over NFS). This can - be very slow.</p><p>This option allows Samba to return the home share as - being on a different server to the logon server and as - long as a Samba daemon is running on the home directory server, - it will be mounted on the Samba client directly from the directory - server. When Samba is returning the home share to the client, it - will consult the NIS map specified in <a href="#HOMEDIRMAP"> - <i><tt>homedir map</tt></i></a> and return the server - listed there.</p><p>Note that for this option to work there must be a working - NIS system and the Samba server with this option must also - be a logon server.</p><p>Default: <b>nis homedir = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE"></a>non unix account range (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The non unix account range parameter specifies - the range of 'user ids' that are allocated by the various 'non unix - account' passdb backends. These backends allow - the storage of passwords for users who don't exist in /etc/passwd. - This is most often used for machine account creation. - This range of ids should have no existing local or NIS users within - it as strange conflicts can occur otherwise.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>These userids never appear on the system and Samba will never - 'become' these users. They are used only to ensure that the algorithmic - RID mapping does not conflict with normal users. - </p></div><p>Default: <b>non unix account range = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>non unix account range = 10000-20000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NTACLSUPPORT"></a>nt acl support (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will attempt to map - UNIX permissions into Windows NT access control lists. - This parameter was formally a global parameter in releases - prior to 2.2.2.</p><p>Default: <b>nt acl support = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NTLMAUTH"></a>ntlm auth (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines whether or not <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will attempt to authenticate users using the NTLM password hash. - If disabled, only the lanman password hashes will be used.</p><p>Please note that at least this option or <b>lanman auth</b> should - be enabled in order to be able to log in.</p><p>Default : <b>ntlm auth = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NTPIPESUPPORT"></a>nt pipe support (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will allow Windows NT - clients to connect to the NT SMB specific <tt>IPC$</tt> - pipes. This is a developer debugging option and can be left - alone.</p><p>Default: <b>nt pipe support = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NTSTATUSSUPPORT"></a>nt status support (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will negotiate NT specific status - support with Windows NT/2k/XP clients. This is a developer debugging option and should be left alone. - If this option is set to <tt>no</tt> then Samba offers - exactly the same DOS error codes that versions prior to Samba 2.2.3 - reported.</p><p>You should not need to ever disable this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>nt status support = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="NULLPASSWORDS"></a>null passwords (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Allow or disallow client access to accounts that have null passwords. </p><p>See also <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a>.</p><p>Default: <b>null passwords = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS"></a>obey pam restrictions (G)</span></dt><dd><p>When Samba 3.0 is configured to enable PAM support - (i.e. --with-pam), this parameter will control whether or not Samba - should obey PAM's account and session management directives. The - default behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only - and to ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba - always ignores PAM for authentication in the case of <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypt passwords = yes</tt></i></a>. The reason - is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response - authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB password encryption. - </p><p>Default: <b>obey pam restrictions = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ONLYGUEST"></a>only guest (S)</span></dt><dd><p>A synonym for <a href="#GUESTONLY"><i><tt> - guest only</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ONLYUSER"></a>only user (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean option that controls whether - connections with usernames not in the <i><tt>user</tt></i> - list will be allowed. By default this option is disabled so that a - client can supply a username to be used by the server. Enabling - this parameter will force the server to only use the login - names from the <i><tt>user</tt></i> list and is only really - useful in <a href="#SECURITYEQUALSSHARE">share level</a> - security.</p><p>Note that this also means Samba won't try to deduce - usernames from the service name. This can be annoying for - the [homes] section. To get around this you could use <b>user = - %S</b> which means your <i><tt>user</tt></i> list - will be just the service name, which for home directories is the - name of the user.</p><p>See also the <a href="#USER"><i><tt>user</tt></i> - </a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>only user = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OPLOCKBREAKWAITTIME"></a>oplock break wait time (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs in - both Windows 9x and WinNT. If Samba responds to a client too - quickly when that client issues an SMB that can cause an oplock - break request, then the network client can fail and not respond - to the break request. This tuning parameter (which is set in milliseconds) - is the amount of time Samba will wait before sending an oplock break - request to such (broken) clients.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ AND - UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</em></span>.</p><p>Default: <b>oplock break wait time = 0</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OPLOCKCONTENTIONLIMIT"></a>oplock contention limit (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a <span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> advanced - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> tuning option to - improve the efficiency of the granting of oplocks under multiple - client contention for the same file.</p><p>In brief it specifies a number, which causes <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>not to grant an oplock even when requested - if the approximate number of clients contending for an oplock on the same file goes over this - limit. This causes <b>smbd</b> to behave in a similar - way to Windows NT.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ - AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</em></span>.</p><p>Default: <b>oplock contention limit = 2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OPLOCKS"></a>oplocks (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean option tells <b>smbd</b> whether to - issue oplocks (opportunistic locks) to file open requests on this - share. The oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve - the speed of access to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients - to aggressively cache files locally and you may want to disable this - option for unreliable network environments (it is turned on by - default in Windows NT Servers). For more information see the file - <tt>Speed.txt</tt> in the Samba <tt>docs/</tt> - directory.</p><p>Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files with a - share. See the <a href="#VETOOPLOCKFILES"><i><tt> - veto oplock files</tt></i></a> parameter. On some systems - oplocks are recognized by the underlying operating system. This - allows data synchronization between all access to oplocked files, - whether it be via Samba or NFS or a local UNIX process. See the - <i><tt>kernel oplocks</tt></i> parameter for details.</p><p>See also the <a href="#KERNELOPLOCKS"><i><tt>kernel - oplocks</tt></i></a> and <a href="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS"><i><tt> - level2 oplocks</tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>oplocks = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OS2DRIVERMAP"></a>os2 driver map (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The parameter is used to define the absolute - path to a file containing a mapping of Windows NT printer driver - names to OS/2 printer driver names. The format is:</p><p><nt driver name> = <os2 driver name>.<device name></p><p>For example, a valid entry using the HP LaserJet 5 - printer driver would appear as <b>HP LaserJet 5L = LASERJET.HP - LaserJet 5L</b>.</p><p>The need for the file is due to the printer driver namespace - problem described in the <a href="printing.html" target="_top">Samba - Printing HOWTO</a>. For more details on OS/2 clients, please - refer to the OS2-Client-HOWTO containing in the Samba documentation.</p><p>Default: <b>os2 driver map = <empty string></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="OSLEVEL"></a>os level (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This integer value controls what level Samba - advertises itself as for browse elections. The value of this - parameter determines whether <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> - has a chance of becoming a local master browser for the <i><tt> - WORKGROUP</tt></i> in the local broadcast area.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note :</em></span>By default, Samba will win - a local master browsing election over all Microsoft operating - systems except a Windows NT 4.0/2000 Domain Controller. This - means that a misconfigured Samba host can effectively isolate - a subnet for browsing purposes. See <tt>BROWSING.txt - </tt> in the Samba <tt>docs/</tt> directory - for details.</p><p>Default: <b>os level = 20</b></p><p>Example: <b>os level = 65 </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"></a>pam password change (G)</span></dt><dd><p>With the addition of better PAM support in Samba 2.2, - this parameter, it is possible to use PAM's password change control - flag for Samba. If enabled, then PAM will be used for password - changes when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in - <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt>passwd program</tt></i></a>. - It should be possible to enable this without changing your - <a href="#PASSWDCHAT"><i><tt>passwd chat</tt></i></a> - parameter for most setups.</p><p>Default: <b>pam password change = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PANICACTION"></a>panic action (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a Samba developer option that allows a - system command to be called when either <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> or <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> crashes. This is usually used to - draw attention to the fact that a problem occurred.</p><p>Default: <b>panic action = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>panic action = "/bin/sleep 90000"</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PARANOIDSERVERSECURITY"></a>paranoid server security (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Some version of NT 4.x allow non-guest - users with a bad passowrd. When this option is enabled, samba will not - use a broken NT 4.x server as password server, but instead complain - to the logs and exit. - </p><p>Disabling this option prevents Samba from making - this check, which involves deliberatly attempting a - bad logon to the remote server.</p><p>Default: <b>paranoid server security = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSDBBACKEND"></a>passdb backend (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows the administrator to chose which backends - to retrieve and store passwords with. This allows (for example) both - smbpasswd and tdbsam to be used without a recompile. Multiple - backends can be specified, separated by spaces. The backends will be - searched in the order they are specified. New users are always added - to the first backend specified. </p><p>This parameter is in two parts, the backend's name, and a 'location' - string that has meaning only to that particular backed. These are separated - by a : character.</p><p>Available backends can include: - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><b>smbpasswd</b> - The default smbpasswd - backend. Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument. - </p></li><li><p><b>smbpasswd_nua</b> - The smbpasswd - backend, but with support for 'not unix accounts'. - Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument.</p><p>See also <a href="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE"> - <i><tt>non unix account range</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><b>tdbsam</b> - The TDB based password storage - backend. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to passdb.tdb - in the <a href="#PRIVATEDIR"> - <i><tt>private dir</tt></i></a> directory.</p></li><li><p><b>tdbsam_nua</b> - The TDB based password storage - backend, with non unix account support. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to passdb.tdb - in the <a href="#PRIVATEDIR"> - <i><tt>private dir</tt></i></a> directory.</p><p>See also <a href="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE"> - <i><tt>non unix account range</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><b>ldapsam</b> - The LDAP based passdb - backend. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument (defaults to - <b>ldap://localhost</b>)</p></li><li><p><b>ldapsam_nua</b> - The LDAP based passdb - backend, with non unix account support. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument (defaults to - <b>ldap://localhost</b>)</p><p>Note: In this module, any account without a matching POSIX account is regarded - as 'non unix'. </p><p>See also <a href="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE"> - <i><tt>non unix account range</tt></i></a></p><p>LDAP connections should be secured where possible. This may be done using either - Start-TLS (see <a href="#LDAPSSL"><i><tt>ldap ssl</tt></i></a>) or by - specifying <i><tt>ldaps://</tt></i> in - the URL argument. </p></li><li><p><b>nisplussam</b> - - The NIS+ based passdb backend. Takes name NIS domain as - an optional argument. Only works with sun NIS+ servers. - </p></li></ul></div><p> - </p><p>Default: <b>passdb backend = smbpasswd unixsam</b></p><p>Example: <b>passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb smbpasswd:/etc/samba/smbpasswd guest</b></p><p>Example: <b>passdb backend = ldapsam_nua:ldaps://ldap.example.com guest</b></p><p>Example: <b>passdb backend = mysql:my_plugin_args tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSWDCHATDEBUG"></a>passwd chat debug (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean specifies if the passwd chat script - parameter is run in <span class="emphasis"><em>debug</em></span> mode. In this mode the - strings passed to and received from the passwd chat are printed - in the <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> log with a - <a href="#DEBUGLEVEL"><i><tt>debug level</tt></i></a> - of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow plaintext passwords - to be seen in the <b>smbd</b> log. It is available to help - Samba admins debug their <i><tt>passwd chat</tt></i> scripts - when calling the <i><tt>passwd program</tt></i> and should - be turned off after this has been done. This option has no effect if the - <a href="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"><i><tt>pam password change</tt></i></a> - paramter is set. This parameter is off by default.</p><p>See also <a href="#PASSWDCHAT"><i><tt>passwd chat</tt></i> - </a>, <a href="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"><i><tt>pam password change</tt></i> - </a>, <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt>passwd program</tt></i> - </a>.</p><p>Default: <b>passwd chat debug = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSWDCHAT"></a>passwd chat (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This string controls the <span class="emphasis"><em>"chat"</em></span> - conversation that takes places between <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> and the local password changing - program to change the user's password. The string describes a - sequence of response-receive pairs that <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> uses to determine what to send to the - <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt>passwd program</tt></i> - </a> and what to expect back. If the expected output is not - received then the password is not changed.</p><p>This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending - on what local methods are used for password control (such as NIS - etc).</p><p>Note that this parameter only is only used if the <a href="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"> <i><tt>unix password sync</tt></i> - </a> parameter is set to <tt>yes</tt>. This sequence is - then called <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> when the SMB password in the - smbpasswd file is being changed, without access to the old password - cleartext. This means that root must be able to reset the user's password without - knowing the text of the previous password. In the presence of - NIS/YP, this means that the <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM">passwd program</a> must - be executed on the NIS master. - </p><p>The string can contain the macro <i><tt>%n</tt></i> which is substituted - for the new password. The chat sequence can also contain the standard - macros <tt>\\n</tt>, <tt>\\r</tt>, <tt>\\t</tt> and <tt>\\s</tt> to - give line-feed, carriage-return, tab and space. The chat sequence string can also contain - a '*' which matches any sequence of characters. Double quotes can be used to collect strings with spaces - in them into a single string.</p><p>If the send string in any part of the chat sequence is a full - stop ".", then no string is sent. Similarly, if the - expect string is a full stop then no string is expected.</p><p>If the <a href="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"><i><tt>pam - password change</tt></i></a> parameter is set to <tt>yes</tt>, the chat pairs - may be matched in any order, and success is determined by the PAM result, - not any particular output. The \n macro is ignored for PAM conversions. - </p><p>See also <a href="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><i><tt>unix password - sync</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt> - passwd program</tt></i></a> ,<a href="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG"> - <i><tt>passwd chat debug</tt></i></a> and <a href="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE"> - <i><tt>pam password change</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>passwd chat = *new*password* %n\\n - *new*password* %n\\n *changed*</b></p><p>Example: <b>passwd chat = "*Enter OLD password*" %o\\n - "*Enter NEW password*" %n\\n "*Reenter NEW password*" %n\\n - "*Password changed*"</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSWDPROGRAM"></a>passwd program (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The name of a program that can be used to set - UNIX user passwords. Any occurrences of <i><tt>%u</tt></i> - will be replaced with the user name. The user name is checked for - existence before calling the password changing program.</p><p>Also note that many passwd programs insist in <span class="emphasis"><em>reasonable - </em></span> passwords, such as a minimum length, or the inclusion - of mixed case chars and digits. This can pose a problem as some clients - (such as Windows for Workgroups) uppercase the password before sending - it.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that if the <i><tt>unix - password sync</tt></i> parameter is set to <tt>yes - </tt> then this program is called <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> - before the SMB password in the <a href="smbpasswd.5.html" target="_top"><a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> - </a> file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails, then - <b>smbd</b> will fail to change the SMB password also - (this is by design).</p><p>If the <i><tt>unix password sync</tt></i> parameter - is set this parameter <span class="emphasis"><em>MUST USE ABSOLUTE PATHS</em></span> - for <span class="emphasis"><em>ALL</em></span> programs called, and must be examined - for security implications. Note that by default <i><tt>unix - password sync</tt></i> is set to <tt>no</tt>.</p><p>See also <a href="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"><i><tt>unix - password sync</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>passwd program = /bin/passwd</b></p><p>Example: <b>passwd program = /sbin/npasswd %u</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSWORDLEVEL"></a>password level (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Some client/server combinations have difficulty - with mixed-case passwords. One offending client is Windows for - Workgroups, which for some reason forces passwords to upper - case when using the LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when - using COREPLUS! Another problem child is the Windows 95/98 - family of operating systems. These clients upper case clear - text passwords even when NT LM 0.12 selected by the protocol - negotiation request/response.</p><p>This parameter defines the maximum number of characters - that may be upper case in passwords.</p><p>For example, say the password given was "FRED". If <i><tt> - password level</tt></i> is set to 1, the following combinations - would be tried if "FRED" failed:</p><p>"Fred", "fred", "fRed", "frEd","freD"</p><p>If <i><tt>password level</tt></i> was set to 2, - the following combinations would also be tried: </p><p>"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd", "fReD", "frED", ..</p><p>And so on.</p><p>The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely - it is that a mixed case password will be matched against a single - case password. However, you should be aware that use of this - parameter reduces security and increases the time taken to - process a new connection.</p><p>A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be - made - the password as is and the password in all-lower case.</p><p>Default: <b>password level = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>password level = 4</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PASSWORDSERVER"></a>password server (G)</span></dt><dd><p>By specifying the name of another SMB server (such - as a WinNT box) with this option, and using <b>security = domain - </b> or <b>security = server</b> you can get Samba - to do all its username/password validation via a remote server.</p><p>This option sets the name of the password server to use. - It must be a NetBIOS name, so if the machine's NetBIOS name is - different from its Internet name then you may have to add its NetBIOS - name to the lmhosts file which is stored in the same directory - as the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file.</p><p>The name of the password server is looked up using the - parameter <a href="#NAMERESOLVEORDER"><i><tt>name - resolve order</tt></i></a> and so may resolved - by any method and order described in that parameter.</p><p>The password server must be a machine capable of using - the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, and it must be in - user level security mode.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Using a password server means your UNIX box (running - Samba) is only as secure as your password server. <span class="emphasis"><em>DO NOT - CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST</em></span>. - </p></div><p>Never point a Samba server at itself for password serving. - This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba server!</p><p>The name of the password server takes the standard - substitutions, but probably the only useful one is <i><tt>%m - </tt></i>, which means the Samba server will use the incoming - client as the password server. If you use this then you better - trust your clients, and you had better restrict them with hosts allow!</p><p>If the <i><tt>security</tt></i> parameter is set to - <tt>domain</tt>, then the list of machines in this - option must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain controllers for the - Domain or the character '*', as the Samba server is effectively - in that domain, and will use cryptographically authenticated RPC calls - to authenticate the user logging on. The advantage of using <b> - security = domain</b> is that if you list several hosts in the - <i><tt>password server</tt></i> option then <b>smbd - </b> will try each in turn till it finds one that responds. This - is useful in case your primary server goes down.</p><p>If the <i><tt>password server</tt></i> option is set - to the character '*', then Samba will attempt to auto-locate the - Primary or Backup Domain controllers to authenticate against by - doing a query for the name <tt>WORKGROUP<1C></tt> - and then contacting each server returned in the list of IP - addresses from the name resolution source. </p><p>If the list of servers contains both names and the '*' - character, the list is treated as a list of preferred - domain controllers, but an auto lookup of all remaining DC's - will be added to the list as well. Samba will not attempt to optimize - this list by locating the closest DC.</p><p>If the <i><tt>security</tt></i> parameter is - set to <tt>server</tt>, then there are different - restrictions that <b>security = domain</b> doesn't - suffer from:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>You may list several password servers in - the <i><tt>password server</tt></i> parameter, however if an - <b>smbd</b> makes a connection to a password server, - and then the password server fails, no more users will be able - to be authenticated from this <b>smbd</b>. This is a - restriction of the SMB/CIFS protocol when in <b>security = server - </b> mode and cannot be fixed in Samba.</p></li><li><p>If you are using a Windows NT server as your - password server then you will have to ensure that your users - are able to login from the Samba server, as when in <b> - security = server</b> mode the network logon will appear to - come from there rather than from the users workstation.</p></li></ul></div><p>See also the <a href="#SECURITY"><i><tt>security - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>password server = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>password server = NT-PDC, NT-BDC1, NT-BDC2, *</b></p><p>Example: <b>password server = *</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PATH"></a>path (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies a directory to which - the user of the service is to be given access. In the case of - printable services, this is where print data will spool prior to - being submitted to the host for printing.</p><p>For a printable service offering guest access, the service - should be readonly and the path should be world-writeable and - have the sticky bit set. This is not mandatory of course, but - you probably won't get the results you expect if you do - otherwise.</p><p>Any occurrences of <i><tt>%u</tt></i> in the path - will be replaced with the UNIX username that the client is using - on this connection. Any occurrences of <i><tt>%m</tt></i> - will be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the machine they are - connecting from. These replacements are very useful for setting - up pseudo home directories for users.</p><p>Note that this path will be based on <a href="#ROOTDIR"> - <i><tt>root dir</tt></i></a> if one was specified.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>path = /home/fred</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PIDDIRECTORY"></a>pid directory (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies the directory where pid - files will be placed. </p><p>Default: <b>pid directory = ${prefix}/var/locks</b></p><p>Example: <b>pid directory = /var/run/</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="POSIXLOCKING"></a>posix locking (S)</span></dt><dd><p>The <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> - daemon maintains an database of file locks obtained by SMB clients. - The default behavior is to map this internal database to POSIX - locks. This means that file locks obtained by SMB clients are - consistent with those seen by POSIX compliant applications accessing - the files via a non-SMB method (e.g. NFS or local file access). - You should never need to disable this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>posix locking = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="POSTEXEC"></a>postexec (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies a command to be run - whenever the service is disconnected. It takes the usual - substitutions. The command may be run as the root on some - systems.</p><p>An interesting example may be to unmount server - resources:</p><p><b>postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom</b></p><p>See also <a href="#PREEXEC"><i><tt>preexec</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (no command executed)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PREEXECCLOSE"></a>preexec close (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean option controls whether a non-zero - return code from <a href="#PREEXEC"><i><tt>preexec - </tt></i></a> should close the service being connected to.</p><p>Default: <b>preexec close = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PREEXEC"></a>preexec (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies a command to be run whenever - the service is connected to. It takes the usual substitutions.</p><p>An interesting example is to send the users a welcome - message every time they log in. Maybe a message of the day? Here - is an example:</p><p><b>preexec = csh -c 'echo \"Welcome to %S!\" | /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I' & </b></p><p>Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)</p><p>See also <a href="#PREEXECCLOSE"><i><tt>preexec close</tt></i></a> and <a href="#POSTEXEC"><i><tt>postexec - </tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (no command executed)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PREFEREDMASTER"></a>prefered master (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#PREFERREDMASTER"><i><tt> - preferred master</tt></i></a> for people who cannot spell :-).</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PREFERREDMASTER"></a>preferred master (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls if - <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> is a preferred master - browser for its workgroup.</p><p>If this is set to <tt>yes</tt>, on startup, <b>nmbd</b> - will force an election, and it will have a slight advantage in - winning the election. It is recommended that this parameter is - used in conjunction with <b><a href="#DOMAINMASTER"> - <i><tt>domain master</tt></i></a> = yes</b>, so - that <b>nmbd</b> can guarantee becoming a domain master.</p><p>Use this option with caution, because if there are several - hosts (whether Samba servers, Windows 95 or NT) that are - preferred master browsers on the same subnet, they will each - periodically and continuously attempt to become the local - master browser. This will result in unnecessary broadcast - traffic and reduced browsing capabilities.</p><p>See also <a href="#OSLEVEL"><i><tt>os level</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>preferred master = auto</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRELOADMODULES"></a>preload modules (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of paths to modules that should - be loaded into smbd before a client connects. This improves - the speed of smbd when reacting to new connections somewhat. </p><p>It is recommended to only use this option on heavy-performance - servers.</p><p>Default: <b>preload modules = </b></p><p>Example: <b>preload modules = /usr/lib/samba/passdb/mysql.so+++ </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRELOAD"></a>preload (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of services that you want to be - automatically added to the browse lists. This is most useful - for homes and printers services that would otherwise not be - visible.</p><p>Note that if you just want all printers in your - printcap file loaded then the <a href="#LOADPRINTERS"> - <i><tt>load printers</tt></i></a> option is easier.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no preloaded services</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>preload = fred lp colorlp</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRESERVECASE"></a>preserve case (S)</span></dt><dd><p> This controls if new filenames are created - with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to - be the <a href="#DEFAULTCASE"><i><tt>default case - </tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>preserve case = yes</b></p><p>See the section on <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">NAME MANGLING</a> for a fuller discussion.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTABLE"></a>printable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is <tt>yes</tt>, then - clients may open, write to and submit spool files on the directory - specified for the service. </p><p>Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing - to the service path (user privileges permitting) via the spooling - of print data. The <a href="#READONLY"><i><tt>read only - </tt></i></a> parameter controls only non-printing access to - the resource.</p><p>Default: <b>printable = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTCAPNAME"></a>printcap name (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter may be used to override the - compiled-in default printcap name used by the server (usually <tt> - /etc/printcap</tt>). See the discussion of the <a href="#PRINTERSSECT" title="The [printers] section">[printers]</a> section above for reasons - why you might want to do this.</p><p>To use the CUPS printing interface set <b>printcap name = cups - </b>. This should be supplemented by an addtional setting - <a href="#PRINTING">printing = cups</a> in the [global] - section. <b>printcap name = cups</b> will use the - "dummy" printcap created by CUPS, as specified in your CUPS - configuration file. - </p><p>On System V systems that use <b>lpstat</b> to - list available printers you can use <b>printcap name = lpstat - </b> to automatically obtain lists of available printers. This - is the default for systems that define SYSV at configure time in - Samba (this includes most System V based systems). If <i><tt> - printcap name</tt></i> is set to <b>lpstat</b> on - these systems then Samba will launch <b>lpstat -v</b> and - attempt to parse the output to obtain a printer list.</p><p>A minimal printcap file would look something like this:</p><pre class="programlisting"> -print1|My Printer 1 -print2|My Printer 2 -print3|My Printer 3 -print4|My Printer 4 -print5|My Printer 5 -</pre><p>where the '|' separates aliases of a printer. The fact - that the second alias has a space in it gives a hint to Samba - that it's a comment.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Under AIX the default printcap - name is <tt>/etc/qconfig</tt>. Samba will assume the - file is in AIX <tt>qconfig</tt> format if the string - <tt>qconfig</tt> appears in the printcap filename.</p></div><p>Default: <b>printcap name = /etc/printcap</b></p><p>Example: <b>printcap name = /etc/myprintcap</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTCAP"></a>printcap (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#PRINTCAPNAME"><i><tt> - printcap name</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTCOMMAND"></a>print command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>After a print job has finished spooling to - a service, this command will be used via a <b>system()</b> - call to process the spool file. Typically the command specified will - submit the spool file to the host's printing subsystem, but there - is no requirement that this be the case. The server will not remove - the spool file, so whatever command you specify should remove the - spool file when it has been processed, otherwise you will need to - manually remove old spool files.</p><p>The print command is simply a text string. It will be used - verbatim after macro substitutions have been made:</p><p>%s, %p - the path to the spool - file name</p><p>%p - the appropriate printer - name</p><p>%J - the job - name as transmitted by the client.</p><p>%c - The number of printed pages - of the spooled job (if known).</p><p>%z - the size of the spooled - print job (in bytes)</p><p>The print command <span class="emphasis"><em>MUST</em></span> contain at least - one occurrence of <i><tt>%s</tt></i> or <i><tt>%f - </tt></i> - the <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is optional. At the time - a job is submitted, if no printer name is supplied the <i><tt>%p - </tt></i> will be silently removed from the printer command.</p><p>If specified in the [global] section, the print command given - will be used for any printable service that does not have its own - print command specified.</p><p>If there is neither a specified print command for a - printable service nor a global print command, spool files will - be created but not processed and (most importantly) not removed.</p><p>Note that printing may fail on some UNIXes from the - <tt>nobody</tt> account. If this happens then create - an alternative guest account that can print and set the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"> - <i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a> - in the [global] section.</p><p>You can form quite complex print commands by realizing - that they are just passed to a shell. For example the following - will log a print job, print the file, then remove it. Note that - ';' is the usual separator for command in shell scripts.</p><p><b>print command = echo Printing %s >> - /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s</b></p><p>You may have to vary this command considerably depending - on how you normally print files on your system. The default for - the parameter varies depending on the setting of the <a href="#PRINTING"> - <i><tt>printing</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: For <b>printing = BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG - or PLP :</b></p><p><b>print command = lpr -r -P%p %s</b></p><p>For <b>printing = SYSV or HPUX :</b></p><p><b>print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s</b></p><p>For <b>printing = SOFTQ :</b></p><p><b>print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s</b></p><p>For printing = CUPS : If SAMBA is compiled against - libcups, then <a href="#PRINTING">printcap = cups</a> - uses the CUPS API to - submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V - commands with the -oraw option for printing, i.e. it - uses <b>lp -c -d%p -oraw; rm %s</b>. - With <b>printing = cups</b>, - and if SAMBA is compiled against libcups, any manually - set print command will be ignored.</p><p>Example: <b>print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript %p %s</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTERADMIN"></a>printer admin (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users that can do anything to - printers via the remote administration interfaces offered by MS-RPC - (usually using a NT workstation). Note that the root user always - has admin rights.</p><p>Default: <b>printer admin = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>printer admin = admin, @staff</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTERNAME"></a>printer name (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the name of the printer - to which print jobs spooled through a printable service will be sent.</p><p>If specified in the [global] section, the printer - name given will be used for any printable service that does - not have its own printer name specified.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>none (but may be <tt>lp</tt> - on many systems)</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>printer name = laserwriter</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTER"></a>printer (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#PRINTERNAME"><i><tt> - printer name</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTING"></a>printing (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameters controls how printer status information is - interpreted on your system. It also affects the default values for - the <i><tt>print command</tt></i>, <i><tt>lpq command</tt></i>, <i><tt>lppause command </tt></i>, <i><tt>lpresume command</tt></i>, and <i><tt>lprm command</tt></i> if specified in the - [global] section.</p><p>Currently nine printing styles are supported. They are - <tt>BSD</tt>, <tt>AIX</tt>, - <tt>LPRNG</tt>, <tt>PLP</tt>, - <tt>SYSV</tt>, <tt>HPUX</tt>, - <tt>QNX</tt>, <tt>SOFTQ</tt>, - and <tt>CUPS</tt>.</p><p>To see what the defaults are for the other print - commands when using the various options use the <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a> program.</p><p>This option can be set on a per printer basis</p><p>See also the discussion in the <a href="#PRINTERSSECT" title="The [printers] section"> - [printers]</a> section.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRINTOK"></a>print ok (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#PRINTABLE"> - <i><tt>printable</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PRIVATEDIR"></a>private dir (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameters defines the directory - smbd will use for storing such files as <tt>smbpasswd</tt> - and <tt>secrets.tdb</tt>. - </p><p>Default :<b>private dir = ${prefix}/private</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PROTOCOL"></a>protocol (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#MAXPROTOCOL"> - <i><tt>max protocol</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="PUBLIC"></a>public (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#GUESTOK"><i><tt>guest - ok</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND"></a>queuepause command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to pause the printer queue.</p><p>This command should be a program or script which takes - a printer name as its only parameter and stops the printer queue, - such that no longer jobs are submitted to the printer.</p><p>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, - but can be issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 - and NT.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command. - </p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute - path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the - server.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>depends on the setting of <i><tt>printing</tt></i></em></span></p><p>Example: <b>queuepause command = disable %p</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="QUEUERESUMECOMMAND"></a>queueresume command (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the command to be - executed on the server host in order to resume the printer queue. It - is the command to undo the behavior that is caused by the - previous parameter (<a href="#QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND"><i><tt> - queuepause command</tt></i></a>).</p><p>This command should be a program or script which takes - a printer name as its only parameter and resumes the printer queue, - such that queued jobs are resubmitted to the printer.</p><p>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, - but can be issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 - and NT.</p><p>If a <i><tt>%p</tt></i> is given then the printer name - is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the - command.</p><p>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute - path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the - server.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>depends on the setting of <a href="#PRINTING"> - <i><tt>printing</tt></i></a></em></span></p><p>Example: <b>queuepause command = enable %p</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="READBMPX"></a>read bmpx (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will support the "Read - Block Multiplex" SMB. This is now rarely used and defaults to - <tt>no</tt>. You should never need to set this - parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>read bmpx = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="READLIST"></a>read list (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users that are given read-only - access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then - they will not be given write access, no matter what the <a href="#READONLY"> - <i><tt>read only</tt></i></a> - option is set to. The list can include group names using the - syntax described in the <a href="#INVALIDUSERS"><i><tt> - invalid users</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>See also the <a href="#WRITELIST"><i><tt> - write list</tt></i></a> parameter and the <a href="#INVALIDUSERS"> - <i><tt>invalid users</tt></i> - </a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>read list = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>read list = mary, @students</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="READONLY"></a>read only (S)</span></dt><dd><p>An inverted synonym is <a href="#WRITEABLE"> - <i><tt>writeable</tt></i></a>.</p><p>If this parameter is <tt>yes</tt>, then users - of a service may not create or modify files in the service's - directory.</p><p>Note that a printable service (<b>printable = yes</b>) - will <span class="emphasis"><em>ALWAYS</em></span> allow writing to the directory - (user privileges permitting), but only via spooling operations.</p><p>Default: <b>read only = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="READRAW"></a>read raw (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls whether or not the server - will support the raw read SMB requests when transferring data - to clients.</p><p>If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in - one packet. This typically provides a major performance benefit. - </p><p>However, some clients either negotiate the allowable - block size incorrectly or are incapable of supporting larger block - sizes, and for these clients you may need to disable raw reads.</p><p>In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning - tool and left severely alone. See also <a href="#WRITERAW"> - <i><tt>write raw</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>read raw = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="READSIZE"></a>read size (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The option <i><tt>read size</tt></i> - affects the overlap of disk reads/writes with network reads/writes. - If the amount of data being transferred in several of the SMB - commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and SMBreadbraw) is larger - than this value then the server begins writing the data before it - has received the whole packet from the network, or in the case of - SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before all the data - has been read from disk.</p><p>This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and - network access are similar, having very little effect when the - speed of one is much greater than the other.</p><p>The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation - has been done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely - that the best value will vary greatly between systems anyway. - A value over 65536 is pointless and will cause you to allocate - memory unnecessarily.</p><p>Default: <b>read size = 16384</b></p><p>Example: <b>read size = 8192</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="REALM"></a>realm (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies the kerberos realm to use. The realm is - used as the ADS equivalent of the NT4 <b>domain</b>. It - is usually set to the DNS name of the kerberos server. - </p><p>Default: <b>realm = </b></p><p>Example: <b>realm = mysambabox.mycompany.com</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="REMOTEANNOUNCE"></a>remote announce (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to setup <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>to periodically announce itself - to arbitrary IP addresses with an arbitrary workgroup name.</p><p>This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear - in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse propagation - rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you - can send IP packets to.</p><p>For example:</p><p><b>remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS - 192.168.4.255/STAFF</b></p><p>the above line would cause <b>nmbd</b> to announce itself - to the two given IP addresses using the given workgroup names. - If you leave out the workgroup name then the one given in - the <a href="#WORKGROUP"><i><tt>workgroup</tt></i></a> - parameter is used instead.</p><p>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast - addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses - of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.</p><p>See the documentation file <a href="improved-browsing.html" target="_top">BROWSING</a> - in the <tt>docs/</tt> directory.</p><p>Default: <b>remote announce = <empty string></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="REMOTEBROWSESYNC"></a>remote browse sync (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to setup <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> to periodically request - synchronization of browse lists with the master browser of a Samba - server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow you to - gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks. This - is done in a manner that does not work with any non-Samba servers.</p><p>This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local - clients to appear in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse - propagation rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere - that you can send IP packets to.</p><p>For example:</p><p><b>remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255</b></p><p>the above line would cause <b>nmbd</b> to request - the master browser on the specified subnets or addresses to - synchronize their browse lists with the local server.</p><p>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast - addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses - of known browse masters if your network config is that stable. If - a machine IP address is given Samba makes NO attempt to validate - that the remote machine is available, is listening, nor that it - is in fact the browse master on its segment.</p><p>Default: <b>remote browse sync = <empty string></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="RESTRICTANONYMOUS"></a>restrict anonymous (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a integer parameter, and mirrors as much as possible the functinality the - <tt>RestrictAnonymous</tt> registry key does on NT/Win2k. - </p><p>Default: <b>restrict anonymous = 0</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOTDIRECTORY"></a>root directory (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The server will <b>chroot()</b> (i.e. - Change its root directory) to this directory on startup. This is - not strictly necessary for secure operation. Even without it the - server will deny access to files not in one of the service entries. - It may also check for, and deny access to, soft links to other - parts of the filesystem, or attempts to use ".." in file names - to access other directories (depending on the setting of the <a href="#WIDELINKS"> - <i><tt>wide links</tt></i></a> - parameter). - </p><p>Adding a <i><tt>root directory</tt></i> entry other - than "/" adds an extra level of security, but at a price. It - absolutely ensures that no access is given to files not in the - sub-tree specified in the <i><tt>root directory</tt></i> - option, <span class="emphasis"><em>including</em></span> some files needed for - complete operation of the server. To maintain full operability - of the server you will need to mirror some system files - into the <i><tt>root directory</tt></i> tree. In particular - you will need to mirror <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> (or a - subset of it), and any binaries or configuration files needed for - printing (if required). The set of files that must be mirrored is - operating system dependent.</p><p>Default: <b>root directory = /</b></p><p>Example: <b>root directory = /homes/smb</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOTDIR"></a>root dir (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#ROOTDIRECTORY"> - <i><tt>root directory"</tt></i></a>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOTPOSTEXEC"></a>root postexec (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the same as the <i><tt>postexec</tt></i> - parameter except that the command is run as root. This - is useful for unmounting filesystems - (such as CDROMs) after a connection is closed.</p><p>See also <a href="#POSTEXEC"><i><tt> - postexec</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>root postexec = <empty string></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOTPREEXECCLOSE"></a>root preexec close (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the same as the <i><tt>preexec close - </tt></i> parameter except that the command is run as root.</p><p>See also <a href="#PREEXEC"><i><tt> - preexec</tt></i></a> and <a href="#PREEXECCLOSE"> - <i><tt>preexec close</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>root preexec close = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOTPREEXEC"></a>root preexec (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is the same as the <i><tt>preexec</tt></i> - parameter except that the command is run as root. This - is useful for mounting filesystems (such as CDROMs) when a - connection is opened.</p><p>See also <a href="#PREEXEC"><i><tt> - preexec</tt></i></a> and <a href="#PREEXECCLOSE"> - <i><tt>preexec close</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <b>root preexec = <empty string></b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="ROOT"></a>root (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#ROOTDIRECTORY"> - <i><tt>root directory"</tt></i></a>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SECURITYMASK"></a>security mask (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls what UNIX permission - bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating - the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security - dialog box.</p><p>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to - the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in - this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this - mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed - to change.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is 0777, allowing - a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file. - </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that users who can access the - Samba server through other means can easily bypass this - restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone - "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will - probably want to leave it set to <tt>0777</tt>.</p><p>See also the <a href="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE"> - <i><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></a>, - <a href="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK"><i><tt>directory - security mask</tt></i></a>, <a href="#FORCESECURITYMODE"> - <i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></a> parameters.</p><p>Default: <b>security mask = 0777</b></p><p>Example: <b>security mask = 0770</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SECURITY"></a>security (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option affects how clients respond to - Samba and is one of the most important settings in the <tt> - smb.conf</tt> file.</p><p>The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to - protocol negotiations with <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> to turn share level security on or off. Clients decide - based on this bit whether (and how) to transfer user and password - information to the server.</p><p>The default is <b>security = user</b>, as this is - the most common setting needed when talking to Windows 98 and - Windows NT.</p><p>The alternatives are <b>security = share</b>, - <b>security = server</b> or <b>security = domain - </b>.</p><p>In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was - <b>security = share</b> mainly because that was - the only option at one stage.</p><p>There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this - setting. When in user or server level security a WfWg client - will totally ignore the password you type in the "connect - drive" dialog box. This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) - to connect to a Samba service as anyone except the user that - you are logged into WfWg as.</p><p>If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their - usernames on the UNIX machine then you will want to use - <b>security = user</b>. If you mostly use usernames - that don't exist on the UNIX box then use <b>security = - share</b>.</p><p>You should also use <b>security = share</b> if you - want to mainly setup shares without a password (guest shares). This - is commonly used for a shared printer server. It is more difficult - to setup guest shares with <b>security = user</b>, see - the <a href="#MAPTOGUEST"><i><tt>map to guest</tt></i> - </a>parameter for details.</p><p>It is possible to use <b>smbd</b> in a <span class="emphasis"><em> - hybrid mode</em></span> where it is offers both user and share - level security under different <a href="#NETBIOSALIASES"> - <i><tt>NetBIOS aliases</tt></i></a>. </p><p>The different settings will now be explained.</p><p><a name="SECURITYEQUALSSHARE"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>SECURITY = SHARE</em></span></p><p>When clients connect to a share level security server they - need not log onto the server with a valid username and password before - attempting to connect to a shared resource (although modern clients - such as Windows 95/98 and Windows NT will send a logon request with - a username but no password when talking to a <b>security = share - </b> server). Instead, the clients send authentication information - (passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to connect - to that share.</p><p>Note that <b>smbd</b> <span class="emphasis"><em>ALWAYS</em></span> - uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of the client, even in - <b>security = share</b> level security.</p><p>As clients are not required to send a username to the server - in share level security, <b>smbd</b> uses several - techniques to determine the correct UNIX user to use on behalf - of the client.</p><p>A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given - client password is constructed using the following methods :</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>If the <a href="#GUESTONLY"><i><tt>guest - only</tt></i></a> parameter is set, then all the other - stages are missed and only the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"> - <i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a> username is checked. - </p></li><li><p>Is a username is sent with the share connection - request, then this username (after mapping - see <a href="#USERNAMEMAP"> - <i><tt>username map</tt></i></a>), - is added as a potential username. - </p></li><li><p>If the client did a previous <span class="emphasis"><em>logon - </em></span> request (the SessionSetup SMB call) then the - username sent in this SMB will be added as a potential username. - </p></li><li><p>The name of the service the client requested is - added as a potential username. - </p></li><li><p>The NetBIOS name of the client is added to - the list as a potential username. - </p></li><li><p>Any users on the <a href="#USER"><i><tt> - user</tt></i></a> list are added as potential usernames. - </p></li></ul></div><p>If the <i><tt>guest only</tt></i> parameter is - not set, then this list is then tried with the supplied password. - The first user for whom the password matches will be used as the - UNIX user.</p><p>If the <i><tt>guest only</tt></i> parameter is - set, or no username can be determined then if the share is marked - as available to the <i><tt>guest account</tt></i>, then this - guest user will be used, otherwise access is denied.</p><p>Note that it can be <span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> confusing - in share-level security as to which UNIX username will eventually - be used in granting access.</p><p>See also the section <a href="#VALIDATIONSECT" title="NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION"> - NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</a>.</p><p><a name="SECURITYEQUALSUSER"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>SECURITY = USER</em></span></p><p>This is the default security setting in Samba 3.0. - With user-level security a client must first "log-on" with a - valid username and password (which can be mapped using the <a href="#USERNAMEMAP"> - <i><tt>username map</tt></i></a> - parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypted passwords</tt></i></a> parameter) can also - be used in this security mode. Parameters such as <a href="#USER"> - <i><tt>user</tt></i></a> and <a href="#GUESTONLY"> - <i><tt>guest only</tt></i></a> if set are then applied and - may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after - the user has been successfully authenticated.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that the name of the resource being - requested is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why - guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing - the server to automatically map unknown users into the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"> - <i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a>. - See the <a href="#MAPTOGUEST"><i><tt>map to guest</tt></i> - </a> parameter for details on doing this.</p><p>See also the section <a href="#VALIDATIONSECT" title="NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION"> - NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</a>.</p><p><a name="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>SECURITY = DOMAIN</em></span></p><p>This mode will only work correctly if <a href="net.8.html">net(8)</a> has been used to add this - machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypted passwords</tt></i> - </a> parameter to be set to <tt>yes</tt>. In this - mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing - it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly - the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that a valid UNIX user must still - exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller to allow - Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that from the client's point - of view <b>security = domain</b> is the same - as <b>security = user</b>. It only - affects how the server deals with the authentication, - it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that the name of the resource being - requested is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why - guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing - the server to automatically map unknown users into the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"> - <i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a>. - See the <a href="#MAPTOGUEST"><i><tt>map to guest</tt></i> - </a> parameter for details on doing this.</p><p>See also the section <a href="#VALIDATIONSECT" title="NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION"> - NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</a>.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PASSWORDSERVER"><i><tt>password - server</tt></i></a> parameter and the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypted passwords</tt></i> - </a> parameter.</p><p><a name="SECURITYEQUALSSERVER"></a><span class="emphasis"><em>SECURITY = SERVER</em></span></p><p>In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password - by passing it to another SMB server, such as an NT box. If this - fails it will revert to <b>security = - user</b>. It expects the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypted passwords</tt></i></a> parameter - to be set to <tt>yes</tt>, unless the remote server - does not support them. However note that if encrypted passwords have been - negotiated then Samba cannot revert back to checking the UNIX password file, - it must have a valid <tt>smbpasswd</tt> file to check - users against. See the documentation file in the <tt>docs/</tt> directory - <tt>ENCRYPTION.txt</tt> for details on how to set this up.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> this mode of operation has - significant pitfalls, due to the fact that is activly initiates a - man-in-the-middle attack on the remote SMB server. In particular, - this mode of operation can cause significant resource consuption on - the PDC, as it must maintain an active connection for the duration - of the user's session. Furthermore, if this connection is lost, - there is no way to reestablish it, and futher authenticaions to the - Samba server may fail. (From a single client, till it disconnects). - </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that from the client's point of - view <b>security = server</b> is the - same as <b>security = user</b>. It - only affects how the server deals with the authentication, it does - not in any way affect what the client sees.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that the name of the resource being - requested is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> sent to the server until after - the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why - guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing - the server to automatically map unknown users into the <a href="#GUESTACCOUNT"> - <i><tt>guest account</tt></i></a>. - See the <a href="#MAPTOGUEST"><i><tt>map to guest</tt></i> - </a> parameter for details on doing this.</p><p>See also the section <a href="#VALIDATIONSECT" title="NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION"> - NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</a>.</p><p>See also the <a href="#PASSWORDSERVER"><i><tt>password - server</tt></i></a> parameter and the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypted passwords</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>security = USER</b></p><p>Example: <b>security = DOMAIN</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SERVERSCHANNEL"></a>server schannel (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls whether the server offers or even - demands the use of the netlogon schannel. - <i><tt>server schannel = no</tt></i> does not - offer the schannel, <i><tt>server schannel = - auto</tt></i> offers the schannel but does not - enforce it, and <i><tt>server schannel = - yes</tt></i> denies access if the client is not - able to speak netlogon schannel. This is only the case - for Windows NT4 before SP4.</p><p>Please note that with this set to - <i><tt>no</tt></i> you will have to apply the - WindowsXP requireSignOrSeal-Registry patch found in - the docs/Registry subdirectory.</p><p>Default: <b>server schannel = auto</b></p><p>Example: <b>server schannel = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SERVERSTRING"></a>server string (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls what string will show up in the printer comment box in print - manager and next to the IPC connection in <b>net view</b>. It - can be any string that you wish to show to your users.</p><p>It also sets what will appear in browse lists next - to the machine name.</p><p>A <i><tt>%v</tt></i> will be replaced with the Samba - version number.</p><p>A <i><tt>%h</tt></i> will be replaced with the - hostname.</p><p>Default: <b>server string = Samba %v</b></p><p>Example: <b>server string = University of GNUs Samba - Server</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SETDIRECTORY"></a>set directory (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If <b>set directory = no</b>, then - users of the service may not use the setdir command to change - directory.</p><p>The <b>setdir</b> command is only implemented - in the Digital Pathworks client. See the Pathworks documentation - for details.</p><p>Default: <b>set directory = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SETPRIMARYGROUPSCRIPT"></a>set primary group script (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Thanks to the Posix subsystem in NT a Windows User has a - primary group in addition to the auxiliary groups. This script - sets the primary group in the unix userdatase when an - administrator sets the primary group from the windows user - manager or when fetching a SAM with <b>net rpc - vampire</b>. <i><tt>%u</tt></i> will be replaced - with the user whose primary group is to be set. - <i><tt>%g</tt></i> will be replaced with the group to - set.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No default value</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>set primary group script = /usr/sbin/usermod -g '%g' '%u'</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SHAREMODES"></a>share modes (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This enables or disables the honoring of - the <i><tt>share modes</tt></i> during a file open. These - modes are used by clients to gain exclusive read or write access - to a file.</p><p>These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so - they are simulated using shared memory, or lock files if your - UNIX doesn't support shared memory (almost all do).</p><p>The share modes that are enabled by this option are - <tt>DENY_DOS</tt>, <tt>DENY_ALL</tt>, - <tt>DENY_READ</tt>, <tt>DENY_WRITE</tt>, - <tt>DENY_NONE</tt> and <tt>DENY_FCB</tt>. - </p><p>This option gives full share compatibility and enabled - by default.</p><p>You should <span class="emphasis"><em>NEVER</em></span> turn this parameter - off as many Windows applications will break if you do so.</p><p>Default: <b>share modes = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SHORTPRESERVECASE"></a>short preserve case (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls if new files - which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of - suitable length, are created upper case, or if they are forced - to be the <a href="#DEFAULTCASE"><i><tt>default case - </tt></i></a>. This option can be use with <a href="#PRESERVECASE"><b>preserve case = yes</b> - </a> to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short - names are lowered. </p><p>See the section on <a href="#NAMEMANGLINGSECT" title="NAME MANGLING">NAME MANGLING</a>.</p><p>Default: <b>short preserve case = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD"></a>show add printer wizard (G)</span></dt><dd><p>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support - for Windows NT/2000 client in Samba 2.2, a "Printers..." folder will - appear on Samba hosts in the share listing. Normally this folder will - contain an icon for the MS Add Printer Wizard (APW). However, it is - possible to disable this feature regardless of the level of privilege - of the connected user.</p><p>Under normal circumstances, the Windows NT/2000 client will - open a handle on the printer server with OpenPrinterEx() asking for - Administrator privileges. If the user does not have administrative - access on the print server (i.e is not root or a member of the - <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i> group), the OpenPrinterEx() - call fails and the client makes another open call with a request for - a lower privilege level. This should succeed, however the APW - icon will not be displayed.</p><p>Disabling the <i><tt>show add printer wizard</tt></i> - parameter will always cause the OpenPrinterEx() on the server - to fail. Thus the APW icon will never be displayed. <span class="emphasis"><em> - Note :</em></span>This does not prevent the same user from having - administrative privilege on an individual printer.</p><p>See also <a href="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND"><i><tt>addprinter - command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND"> - <i><tt>deleteprinter command</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PRINTERADMIN"> - <i><tt>printer admin</tt></i></a></p><p>Default :<b>show add printer wizard = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SHUTDOWNSCRIPT"></a>shutdown script (G)</span></dt><dd><p><span class="emphasis"><em>This parameter only exists in the HEAD cvs branch</em></span> - This a full path name to a script called by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> that should start a shutdown procedure.</p><p>This command will be run as the user connected to the server.</p><p>%m %t %r %f parameters are expanded:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>%m</tt></i> will be substituted with the - shutdown message sent to the server.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>%t</tt></i> will be substituted with the - number of seconds to wait before effectively starting the - shutdown procedure.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>%r</tt></i> will be substituted with the - switch <span class="emphasis"><em>-r</em></span>. It means reboot after shutdown - for NT.</p></li><li><p><i><tt>%f</tt></i> will be substituted with the - switch <span class="emphasis"><em>-f</em></span>. It means force the shutdown - even if applications do not respond for NT.</p></li></ul></div><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>None</em></span>.</p><p>Example: <b>abort shutdown script = /usr/local/samba/sbin/shutdown %m %t %r %f</b></p><p>Shutdown script example: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -#!/bin/bash + underscores).</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The two-digit hash value consists of upper case + alphanumeric characters.</P +><P +>This algorithm can cause name collisions only if files + in a directory share the same first five alphanumeric characters. + The probability of such a clash is 1/1300.</P +><P +>The name mangling (if enabled) allows a file to be + copied between UNIX directories from Windows/DOS while retaining + the long UNIX filename. UNIX files can be renamed to a new extension + from Windows/DOS and will retain the same basename. Mangled names + do not change between sessions.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangled names = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLINGMETHOD" +></A +>mangling method (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> controls the algorithm used for the generating + the mangled names. Can take two different values, "hash" and + "hash2". "hash" is the default and is the algorithm that has been + used in Samba for many years. "hash2" is a newer and considered + a better algorithm (generates less collisions) in the names. + However, many Win32 applications store the mangled names and so + changing to the new algorithm must not be done + lightly as these applications may break unless reinstalled.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangling method = hash2</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangling method = hash</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLEPREFIX" +></A +>mangle prefix (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> controls the number of prefix + characters from the original name used when generating + the mangled names. A larger value will give a weaker + hash and therefore more name collisions. The minimum + value is 1 and the maximum value is 6.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangle prefix = 1</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangle prefix = 4</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLEDSTACK" +></A +>mangled stack (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls the number of mangled names + that should be cached in the Samba server <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbd(8)</A +>.</P +><P +>This stack is a list of recently mangled base names + (extensions are only maintained if they are longer than 3 characters + or contains upper case characters).</P +><P +>The larger this value, the more likely it is that mangled + names can be successfully converted to correct long UNIX names. + However, large stack sizes will slow most directory accesses. Smaller + stacks save memory in the server (each stack element costs 256 bytes). + </P +><P +>It is not possible to absolutely guarantee correct long + filenames, so be prepared for some surprises!</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangled stack = 50</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangled stack = 100</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MANGLINGCHAR" +></A +>mangling char (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls what character is used as + the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>magic</I +> character in <A +HREF="#AEN205" +>name mangling</A +>. The default is a '~' + but this may interfere with some software. Use this option to set + it to whatever you prefer.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangling char = ~</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mangling char = ^</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAPARCHIVE" +></A +>map archive (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether the DOS archive attribute + should be mapped to the UNIX owner execute bit. The DOS archive bit + is set when a file has been modified since its last backup. One + motivation for this option it to keep Samba/your PC from making + any file it touches from becoming executable under UNIX. This can + be quite annoying for shared source code, documents, etc...</P +><P +>Note that this requires the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +> + parameter to be set such that owner execute bit is not masked out + (i.e. it must include 100). See the parameter <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +></A +> for details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map archive = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAPHIDDEN" +></A +>map hidden (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether DOS style hidden files + should be mapped to the UNIX world execute bit.</P +><P +>Note that this requires the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +> + to be set such that the world execute bit is not masked out (i.e. + it must include 001). See the parameter <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +></A +> for details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map hidden = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAPSYSTEM" +></A +>map system (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls whether DOS style system files + should be mapped to the UNIX group execute bit.</P +><P +>Note that this requires the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +> + to be set such that the group execute bit is not masked out (i.e. + it must include 010). See the parameter <A +HREF="#CREATEMASK" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +></A +> for details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map system = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAPTOGUEST" +></A +>map to guest (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only useful in <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +> security</A +> modes other than <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security = share</I +></TT +> + - i.e. <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>user</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>server</TT +>, + and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>domain</TT +>.</P +><P +>This parameter can take three different values, which tell + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> what to do with user + login requests that don't match a valid UNIX user in some way.</P +><P +>The three settings are :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>Never</TT +> - Means user login + requests with an invalid password are rejected. This is the + default.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>Bad User</TT +> - Means user + logins with an invalid password are rejected, unless the username + does not exist, in which case it is treated as a guest login and + mapped into the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> guest account</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>Bad Password</TT +> - Means user logins + with an invalid password are treated as a guest login and mapped + into the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +>guest account</A +>. Note that + this can cause problems as it means that any user incorrectly typing + their password will be silently logged on as "guest" - and + will not know the reason they cannot access files they think + they should - there will have been no message given to them + that they got their password wrong. Helpdesk services will + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>hate</I +> you if you set the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to + guest</I +></TT +> parameter this way :-).</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Note that this parameter is needed to set up "Guest" + share services when using <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security</I +></TT +> modes other than + share. This is because in these modes the name of the resource being + requested is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client so the server + cannot make authentication decisions at the correct time (connection + to the share) for "Guest" shares.</P +><P +>For people familiar with the older Samba releases, this + parameter maps to the old compile-time setting of the <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> GUEST_SESSSETUP</TT +> value in local.h.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map to guest = Never</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>map to guest = Bad User</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXCONNECTIONS" +></A +>max connections (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows the number of simultaneous + connections to a service to be limited. If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max connections + </I +></TT +> is greater than 0 then connections will be refused if + this number of connections to the service are already open. A value + of zero mean an unlimited number of connections may be made.</P +><P +>Record lock files are used to implement this feature. The + lock files will be stored in the directory specified by the <A +HREF="#LOCKDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lock directory</I +></TT +></A +> + option.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max connections = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max connections = 10</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXDISKSIZE" +></A +>max disk size (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to put an upper limit + on the apparent size of disks. If you set this option to 100 + then all shares will appear to be not larger than 100 MB in + size.</P +><P +>Note that this option does not limit the amount of + data you can put on the disk. In the above case you could still + store much more than 100 MB on the disk, but if a client ever asks + for the amount of free disk space or the total disk size then the + result will be bounded by the amount specified in <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max + disk size</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>This option is primarily useful to work around bugs + in some pieces of software that can't handle very large disks, + particularly disks over 1GB in size.</P +><P +>A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max disk size</I +></TT +> of 0 means no limit.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max disk size = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max disk size = 1000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXLOGSIZE" +></A +>max log size (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option (an integer in kilobytes) specifies + the max size the log file should grow to. Samba periodically checks + the size and if it is exceeded it will rename the file, adding + a <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.old</TT +> extension.</P +><P +>A size of 0 means no limit.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max log size = 5000</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max log size = 1000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXMUX" +></A +>max mux (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option controls the maximum number of + outstanding simultaneous SMB operations that Samba tells the client + it will allow. You should never need to set this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max mux = 50</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXOPENFILES" +></A +>max open files (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter limits the maximum number of + open files that one <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> file + serving process may have open for a client at any one time. The + default for this parameter is set very high (10,000) as Samba uses + only one bit per unopened file.</P +><P +>The limit of the number of open files is usually set + by the UNIX per-process file descriptor limit rather than + this parameter so you should never need to touch this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max open files = 10000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXPRINTJOBS" +></A +>max print jobs (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter limits the maximum number of + jobs allowable in a Samba printer queue at any given moment. + If this number is exceeded, <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbd(8)</B +></A +> will remote "Out of Space" to the client. + See all <A +HREF="#TOTALPRINTJOBS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>total + print jobs</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max print jobs = 1000</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max print jobs = 5000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXPROTOCOL" +></A +>max protocol (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the parameter (a string) is the highest + protocol level that will be supported by the server.</P +><P +>Possible values are :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>CORE</TT +>: Earliest version. No + concept of user names.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>COREPLUS</TT +>: Slight improvements on + CORE for efficiency.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LANMAN1</TT +>: First <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> modern</I +> version of the protocol. Long filename + support.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LANMAN2</TT +>: Updates to Lanman1 protocol. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>NT1</TT +>: Current up to date version of + the protocol. Used by Windows NT. Known as CIFS.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Normally this option should not be set as the automatic + negotiation phase in the SMB protocol takes care of choosing + the appropriate protocol.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#MINPROTOCOL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min + protocol</I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max protocol = NT1</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max protocol = LANMAN1</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXSMBDPROCESSES" +></A +>max smbd processes (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter limits the maximum number of + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + processes concurrently running on a system and is intended + as a stopgap to prevent degrading service to clients in the event + that the server has insufficient resources to handle more than this + number of connections. Remember that under normal operating + conditions, each user will have an <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> associated with him or her + to handle connections to all shares from a given host. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max smbd processes = 0</B +> ## no limit</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max smbd processes = 1000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXTTL" +></A +>max ttl (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + what the default 'time to live' of NetBIOS names should be (in seconds) + when <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> is requesting a name using either a + broadcast packet or from a WINS server. You should never need to + change this parameter. The default is 3 days.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max ttl = 259200</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXWINSTTL" +></A +>max wins ttl (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8) + </A +> when acting as a WINS server (<A +HREF="#WINSSUPPORT" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins support = yes</I +></TT +></A +>) what the maximum + 'time to live' of NetBIOS names that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + will grant will be (in seconds). You should never need to change this + parameter. The default is 6 days (518400 seconds).</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#MINWINSTTL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min + wins ttl</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max wins ttl = 518400</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MAXXMIT" +></A +>max xmit (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option controls the maximum packet size + that will be negotiated by Samba. The default is 65535, which + is the maximum. In some cases you may find you get better performance + with a smaller value. A value below 2048 is likely to cause problems. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max xmit = 65535</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>max xmit = 8192</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MESSAGECOMMAND" +></A +>message command (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies what command to run when the + server receives a WinPopup style message.</P +><P +>This would normally be a command that would + deliver the message somehow. How this is to be done is + up to your imagination.</P +><P +>An example is:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s;rm %s' &</B +> + </P +><P +>This delivers the message using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>xedit</B +>, then + removes it afterwards. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE THAT IT IS VERY IMPORTANT + THAT THIS COMMAND RETURN IMMEDIATELY</I +>. That's why I + have the '&' on the end. If it doesn't return immediately then + your PCs may freeze when sending messages (they should recover + after 30 seconds, hopefully).</P +><P +>All messages are delivered as the global guest user. + The command takes the standard substitutions, although <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> %u</I +></TT +> won't work (<TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%U</I +></TT +> may be better + in this case).</P +><P +>Apart from the standard substitutions, some additional + ones apply. In particular:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%s</I +></TT +> = the filename containing + the message.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%t</I +></TT +> = the destination that + the message was sent to (probably the server name).</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%f</I +></TT +> = who the message + is from.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>You could make this command send mail, or whatever else + takes your fancy. Please let us know of any really interesting + ideas you have.</P +><P +>Here's a way of sending the messages as mail to root:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>message command = /bin/mail -s 'message from %f on + %m' root < %s; rm %s</B +></P +><P +>If you don't have a message command then the message + won't be delivered and Samba will tell the sender there was + an error. Unfortunately WfWg totally ignores the error code + and carries on regardless, saying that the message was delivered. + </P +><P +>If you want to silently delete it then try:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>message command = rm %s</B +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no message command</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>message command = csh -c 'xedit %s; + rm %s' &</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MINPASSWDLENGTH" +></A +>min passwd length (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#MINPASSWORDLENGTH" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>min password length</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MINPASSWORDLENGTH" +></A +>min password length (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option sets the minimum length in characters + of a plaintext password that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will accept when performing + UNIX password changing.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix + password sync</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat debug</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min password length = 5</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MINPRINTSPACE" +></A +>min print space (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This sets the minimum amount of free disk + space that must be available before a user will be able to spool + a print job. It is specified in kilobytes. The default is 0, which + means a user can always spool a print job.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min print space = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min print space = 2000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MINPROTOCOL" +></A +>min protocol (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The value of the parameter (a string) is the + lowest SMB protocol dialect than Samba will support. Please refer + to the <A +HREF="#MAXPROTOCOL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max protocol</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter for a list of valid protocol names and a brief description + of each. You may also wish to refer to the C source code in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>source/smbd/negprot.c</TT +> for a listing of known protocol + dialects supported by clients.</P +><P +>If you are viewing this parameter as a security measure, you should + also refer to the <A +HREF="#LANMANAUTH" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lanman + auth</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. Otherwise, you should never need + to change this parameter.</P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min protocol = CORE</B +></P +><P +>Example : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min protocol = NT1</B +> # disable DOS + clients</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MINWINSTTL" +></A +>min wins ttl (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + when acting as a WINS server (<A +HREF="#WINSSUPPORT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> wins support = yes</I +></TT +></A +>) what the minimum 'time to live' + of NetBIOS names that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> will grant will be (in + seconds). You should never need to change this parameter. The default + is 6 hours (21600 seconds).</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>min wins ttl = 21600</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MSDFSPROXY" +></A +>msdfs proxy (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter indicates that the share is a + stand-in for another CIFS share whose location is specified by + the value of the parameter. When clients attempt to connect to + this share, they are redirected to the proxied share using + the SMB-Dfs protocol.</P +><P +>Only Dfs roots can act as proxy shares. Take a look at the + <A +HREF="#MSDFSROOT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>msdfs root</I +></TT +></A +> + and + <A +HREF="#HOSTMSDFS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>host msdfs</I +></TT +></A +> + options to find out how to set up a Dfs root share.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>msdfs proxy = \otherserver\someshare</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="MSDFSROOT" +></A +>msdfs root (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter is only available if + Samba is configured and compiled with the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-msdfs</B +> option. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, + Samba treats the share as a Dfs root and allows clients to browse + the distributed file system tree rooted at the share directory. + Dfs links are specified in the share directory by symbolic + links of the form <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>msdfs:serverA\shareA,serverB\shareB</TT +> + and so on. For more information on setting up a Dfs tree + on Samba, refer to <A +HREF="msdfs_setup.html" +TARGET="_top" +>msdfs_setup.html + </A +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#HOSTMSDFS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>host msdfs + </I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>msdfs root = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NAMECACHETIMEOUT" +></A +>name cache timeout (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the number of seconds it takes before + entries in samba's hostname resolve cache time out. If + the timeout is set to 0. the caching is disabled. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>name cache timeout = 660</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>name cache timeout = 0</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NAMERESOLVEORDER" +></A +>name resolve order (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used by the programs in the Samba + suite to determine what naming services to use and in what order + to resolve host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space + separated string of name resolution options.</P +><P +>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They + cause names to be resolved as follows :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmhosts</TT +> : Lookup an IP + address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has + no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <A +HREF="lmhosts.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>lmhosts(5)</A +> for details) then + any name type matches for lookup.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>host</TT +> : Do a standard host + name to IP address resolution, using the system <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts + </TT +>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution + is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this + may be controlled by the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> + file. Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name + type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise + it is ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>wins</TT +> : Query a name with + the IP address listed in the <A +HREF="#WINSSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> wins server</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. If no WINS server has + been specified this method will be ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>bcast</TT +> : Do a broadcast on + each of the known local interfaces listed in the <A +HREF="#INTERFACES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution + methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally + connected subnet.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>name resolve order = lmhosts host wins bcast + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host + </B +></P +><P +>This will cause the local lmhosts file to be examined + first, followed by a broadcast attempt, followed by a normal + system hostname lookup.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NETBIOSALIASES" +></A +>netbios aliases (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of NetBIOS names that <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> will advertise as additional + names by which the Samba server is known. This allows one machine + to appear in browse lists under multiple names. If a machine is + acting as a browse server or logon server none + of these names will be advertised as either browse server or logon + servers, only the primary name of the machine will be advertised + with these capabilities.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NETBIOSNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>netbios + name</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>empty string (no additional names)</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>netbios aliases = TEST TEST1 TEST2</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NETBIOSNAME" +></A +>netbios name (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This sets the NetBIOS name by which a Samba + server is known. By default it is the same as the first component + of the host's DNS name. If a machine is a browse server or + logon server this name (or the first component + of the hosts DNS name) will be the name that these services are + advertised under.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NETBIOSALIASES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>netbios + aliases</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>machine DNS name</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>netbios name = MYNAME</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NETBIOSSCOPE" +></A +>netbios scope (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This sets the NetBIOS scope that Samba will + operate under. This should not be set unless every machine + on your LAN also sets this value.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NISHOMEDIR" +></A +>nis homedir (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Get the home share server from a NIS map. For + UNIX systems that use an automounter, the user's home directory + will often be mounted on a workstation on demand from a remote + server. </P +><P +>When the Samba logon server is not the actual home directory + server, but is mounting the home directories via NFS then two + network hops would be required to access the users home directory + if the logon server told the client to use itself as the SMB server + for home directories (one over SMB and one over NFS). This can + be very slow.</P +><P +>This option allows Samba to return the home share as + being on a different server to the logon server and as + long as a Samba daemon is running on the home directory server, + it will be mounted on the Samba client directly from the directory + server. When Samba is returning the home share to the client, it + will consult the NIS map specified in <A +HREF="#HOMEDIRMAP" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>homedir map</I +></TT +></A +> and return the server + listed there.</P +><P +>Note that for this option to work there must be a working + NIS system and the Samba server with this option must also + be a logon server.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nis homedir = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE" +></A +>non unix account range (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The non unix account range parameter specifies + the range of 'user ids' that are allocated by the various 'non unix + account' passdb backends. These backends allow + the storage of passwords for users who don't exist in /etc/passwd. + This is most often used for machine account creation. + This range of ids should have no existing local or NIS users within + it as strange conflicts can occur otherwise.</P +><P +>NOTE: These userids never appear on the system and Samba will never + 'become' these users. They are used only to ensure that the algorithmic + RID mapping does not conflict with normal users. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>non unix account range = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>non unix account range = 10000-20000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NTACLSUPPORT" +></A +>nt acl support (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> will attempt to map + UNIX permissions into Windows NT access control lists. + This parameter was formally a global parameter in releases + prior to 2.2.2.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nt acl support = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NTPIPESUPPORT" +></A +>nt pipe support (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> will allow Windows NT + clients to connect to the NT SMB specific <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>IPC$</TT +> + pipes. This is a developer debugging option and can be left + alone.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nt pipe support = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NTSTATUSSUPPORT" +></A +>nt status support (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> will negotiate NT specific status + support with Windows NT/2k/XP clients. This is a developer + debugging option and should be left alone. + If this option is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> then Samba offers + exactly the same DOS error codes that versions prior to Samba 2.2.3 + reported.</P +><P +>You should not need to ever disable this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nt status support = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NULLPASSWORDS" +></A +>null passwords (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Allow or disallow client access to accounts + that have null passwords. </P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="smbpasswd.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbpasswd (5)</A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>null passwords = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS" +></A +>obey pam restrictions (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>When Samba 2.2 is configured to enable PAM support + (i.e. --with-pam), this parameter will control whether or not Samba + should obey PAM's account and session management directives. The + default behavior is to use PAM for clear text authentication only + and to ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba + always ignores PAM for authentication in the case of <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypt passwords = yes</I +></TT +> + </A +>. The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response + authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB password encryption. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>obey pam restrictions = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ONLYUSER" +></A +>only user (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean option that controls whether + connections with usernames not in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> + list will be allowed. By default this option is disabled so that a + client can supply a username to be used by the server. Enabling + this parameter will force the server to only use the login + names from the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> list and is only really + useful in <A +HREF="#SECURITYEQUALSSHARE" +>share level</A +> + security.</P +><P +>Note that this also means Samba won't try to deduce + usernames from the service name. This can be annoying for + the [homes] section. To get around this you could use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>user = + %S</B +> which means your <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> list + will be just the service name, which for home directories is the + name of the user.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#USER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>only user = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ONLYGUEST" +></A +>only guest (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>A synonym for <A +HREF="#GUESTONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> guest only</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OPLOCKBREAKWAITTIME" +></A +>oplock break wait time (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a tuning parameter added due to bugs in + both Windows 9x and WinNT. If Samba responds to a client too + quickly when that client issues an SMB that can cause an oplock + break request, then the network client can fail and not respond + to the break request. This tuning parameter (which is set in milliseconds) + is the amount of time Samba will wait before sending an oplock break + request to such (broken) clients.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ + AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</I +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>oplock break wait time = 0</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OPLOCKCONTENTIONLIMIT" +></A +>oplock contention limit (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>very</I +> advanced + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> tuning option to + improve the efficiency of the granting of oplocks under multiple + client contention for the same file.</P +><P +>In brief it specifies a number, which causes <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> not to + grant an oplock even when requested if the approximate number of + clients contending for an oplock on the same file goes over this + limit. This causes <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> to behave in a similar + way to Windows NT.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DO NOT CHANGE THIS PARAMETER UNLESS YOU HAVE READ + AND UNDERSTOOD THE SAMBA OPLOCK CODE</I +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>oplock contention limit = 2</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OPLOCKS" +></A +>oplocks (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean option tells <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> whether to + issue oplocks (opportunistic locks) to file open requests on this + share. The oplock code can dramatically (approx. 30% or more) improve + the speed of access to files on Samba servers. It allows the clients + to aggressively cache files locally and you may want to disable this + option for unreliable network environments (it is turned on by + default in Windows NT Servers). For more information see the file + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>Speed.txt</TT +> in the Samba <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> + directory.</P +><P +>Oplocks may be selectively turned off on certain files with a + share. See the <A +HREF="#VETOOPLOCKFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> veto oplock files</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. On some systems + oplocks are recognized by the underlying operating system. This + allows data synchronization between all access to oplocked files, + whether it be via Samba or NFS or a local UNIX process. See the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>kernel oplocks</I +></TT +> parameter for details.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#KERNELOPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>kernel + oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#LEVEL2OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> level2 oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>oplocks = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="NTLMAUTH" +></A +>ntlm auth (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines whether or not <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> will + attempt to authenticate users using the NTLM password hash. + If disabled, only the lanman password hashes will be used. + </P +><P +>Please note that at least this option or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lanman auth</B +> should be enabled in order to be able to log in. + </P +><P +>Default : <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ntlm auth = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OSLEVEL" +></A +>os level (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This integer value controls what level Samba + advertises itself as for browse elections. The value of this + parameter determines whether <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + has a chance of becoming a local master browser for the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> WORKGROUP</I +></TT +> in the local broadcast area.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note :</I +>By default, Samba will win + a local master browsing election over all Microsoft operating + systems except a Windows NT 4.0/2000 Domain Controller. This + means that a misconfigured Samba host can effectively isolate + a subnet for browsing purposes. See <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>BROWSING.txt + </TT +> in the Samba <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> directory + for details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>os level = 20</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>os level = 65 </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="OS2DRIVERMAP" +></A +>os2 driver map (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The parameter is used to define the absolute + path to a file containing a mapping of Windows NT printer driver + names to OS/2 printer driver names. The format is:</P +><P +><nt driver name> = <os2 driver + name>.<device name></P +><P +>For example, a valid entry using the HP LaserJet 5 + printer driver would appear as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>HP LaserJet 5L = LASERJET.HP + LaserJet 5L</B +>.</P +><P +>The need for the file is due to the printer driver namespace + problem described in the <A +HREF="printer_driver2.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba + Printing HOWTO</A +>. For more details on OS/2 clients, please + refer to the <A +HREF="OS2-Client-HOWTO.html" +TARGET="_top" +>OS2-Client-HOWTO + </A +> containing in the Samba documentation.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>os2 driver map = <empty string> + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +></A +>pam password change (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>With the addition of better PAM support in Samba 2.2, + this parameter, it is possible to use PAM's password change control + flag for Samba. If enabled, then PAM will be used for password + changes when requested by an SMB client instead of the program listed in + <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +></A +>. + It should be possible to enable this without changing your + <A +HREF="#PASSWDCHAT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter for most setups. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pam password change = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PANICACTION" +></A +>panic action (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a Samba developer option that allows a + system command to be called when either <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbd(8)</A +> or <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + crashes. This is usually used to draw attention to the fact that + a problem occurred.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>panic action = <empty string></B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>panic action = "/bin/sleep 90000"</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PARANOIDSERVERSECURITY" +></A +>paranoid server security (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Some version of NT 4.x allow non-guest + users with a bad passowrd. When this option is enabled, samba will not + use a broken NT 4.x server as password server, but instead complain + to the logs and exit. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>paranoid server security = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSDBBACKEND" +></A +>passdb backend (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows the administrator to chose which backends to retrieve and store passwords with. This allows (for example) both + smbpasswd and tdbsam to be used without a recompile. + Multiple backends can be specified, separated by spaces. The backends will be searched in the order they are specified. New users are always added to the first backend specified. + Experimental backends must still be selected + (eg --with-tdbsam) at configure time. + </P +><P +>This parameter is in two parts, the backend's name, and a 'location' + string that has meaning only to that particular backed. These are separated + by a : character.</P +><P +>Available backends can include: + <P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> - The default smbpasswd + backend. Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd_nua</B +> - The smbpasswd + backend, but with support for 'not unix accounts'. + Takes a path to the smbpasswd file as an optional argument.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>non unix account range</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>tdbsam</B +> - The TDB based password storage + backend. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to passdb.tdb + in the <A +HREF="#PRIVATEDIR" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>private dir</I +></TT +></A +> directory.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>tdbsam_nua</B +> - The TDB based password storage + backend, with non unix account support. Takes a path to the TDB as an optional argument (defaults to passdb.tdb + in the <A +HREF="#PRIVATEDIR" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>private dir</I +></TT +></A +> directory.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>non unix account range</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldapsam</B +> - The LDAP based passdb + backend. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument (defaults to + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap://localhost</B +>)</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldapsam_nua</B +> - The LDAP based passdb + backend, with non unix account support. Takes an LDAP URL as an optional argument (defaults to + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldap://localhost</B +>)</P +><P +>Note: In this module, any account without a matching POSIX account is regarded + as 'non unix'. </P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#NONUNIXACCOUNTRANGE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>non unix account + range</I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>LDAP connections should be secured where + possible. This may be done using either + Start-TLS (see <A +HREF="#LDAPSSL" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap ssl</I +></TT +></A +>) or by + specifying <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldaps://</I +></TT +> in + the URL argument. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nisplussam</B +> - The NIS+ based passdb backend. Takes name NIS domain as an optional argument. Only works with sun NIS+ servers. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>plugin</B +> - Allows Samba to load an + arbitary passdb backend from the .so specified as a compulsary argument. + </P +><P +>Any characters after the (optional) second : are passed to the plugin + for its own processing</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unixsam</B +> - (EXPERIMENTAL) Allows samba to map all (other) available unix users</P +><P +>This backend uses the standard unix database for retrieving users. Users included + in this pdb are NOT listed in samba user listings and users included in this pdb won't be + able to login. The use of this backend is to always be able to display the owner of a file + on the samba server - even when the user doesn't have a 'real' samba account in one of the + other passdb backends. + </P +><P +>This backend should always be the last backend listed, since it contains all users in + the unix passdb and might 'override' mappings if specified earlier. It's meant to only return + accounts for users that aren't covered by the previous backends.</P +></LI +></UL +> + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend = smbpasswd guest</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend = tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb smbpasswd:/etc/samba/smbpasswd </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend = ldapsam_nua:ldaps://ldap.example.com </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passdb backend = plugin:/usr/local/samba/lib/my_passdb.so:my_plugin_args tdbsam:/etc/samba/private/passdb.tdb</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSWDCHAT" +></A +>passwd chat (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This string controls the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>"chat"</I +> + conversation that takes places between <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> and the local password changing + program to change the user's password. The string describes a + sequence of response-receive pairs that <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> smbd(8)</A +> uses to determine what to send to the + <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +> + </A +> and what to expect back. If the expected output is not + received then the password is not changed.</P +><P +>This chat sequence is often quite site specific, depending + on what local methods are used for password control (such as NIS + etc).</P +><P +>Note that this parameter only is only used if the <A +HREF="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix + password sync</I +></TT +></A +> parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>. This + sequence is then called <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> when the SMB password + in the smbpasswd file is being changed, without access to the old + password cleartext. This means that root must be able to reset the user's password + without knowing the text of the previous password. In the presence of NIS/YP, + this means that the <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +>passwd program</A +> must be + executed on the NIS master. + </P +><P +>The string can contain the macro <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%n</I +></TT +> which is substituted + for the new password. The chat sequence can also contain the standard + macros <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>\n</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>\r</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> \t</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>\s</TT +> to give line-feed, + carriage-return, tab and space. The chat sequence string can also contain + a '*' which matches any sequence of characters. + Double quotes can be used to collect strings with spaces + in them into a single string.</P +><P +>If the send string in any part of the chat sequence + is a full stop ".", then no string is sent. Similarly, + if the expect string is a full stop then no string is expected.</P +><P +>If the <A +HREF="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pam + password change</I +></TT +></A +> parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, the chat pairs + may be matched in any order, and success is determined by the PAM result, + not any particular output. The \n macro is ignored for PAM conversions. + </P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix password + sync</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> passwd program</I +></TT +></A +> ,<A +HREF="#PASSWDCHATDEBUG" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat debug</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pam password change</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd chat = *new*password* %n\n + *new*password* %n\n *changed*</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd chat = "*Enter OLD password*" %o\n + "*Enter NEW password*" %n\n "*Reenter NEW password*" %n\n "*Password + changed*"</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSWDCHATDEBUG" +></A +>passwd chat debug (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean specifies if the passwd chat script + parameter is run in <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>debug</I +> mode. In this mode the + strings passed to and received from the passwd chat are printed + in the <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> log with a + <A +HREF="#DEBUGLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>debug level</I +></TT +></A +> + of 100. This is a dangerous option as it will allow plaintext passwords + to be seen in the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> log. It is available to help + Samba admins debug their <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat</I +></TT +> scripts + when calling the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +> and should + be turned off after this has been done. This option has no effect if the + <A +HREF="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pam password change</I +></TT +></A +> + paramter is set. This parameter is off by default.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PASSWDCHAT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd chat</I +></TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="#PAMPASSWORDCHANGE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>pam password change</I +></TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd program</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd chat debug = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSWDPROGRAM" +></A +>passwd program (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The name of a program that can be used to set + UNIX user passwords. Any occurrences of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +> + will be replaced with the user name. The user name is checked for + existence before calling the password changing program.</P +><P +>Also note that many passwd programs insist in <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>reasonable + </I +> passwords, such as a minimum length, or the inclusion + of mixed case chars and digits. This can pose a problem as some clients + (such as Windows for Workgroups) uppercase the password before sending + it.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that if the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix + password sync</I +></TT +> parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes + </TT +> then this program is called <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> + before the SMB password in the <A +HREF="smbpasswd.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbpasswd(5) + </A +> file is changed. If this UNIX password change fails, then + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will fail to change the SMB password also + (this is by design).</P +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix password sync</I +></TT +> parameter + is set this parameter <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>MUST USE ABSOLUTE PATHS</I +> + for <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ALL</I +> programs called, and must be examined + for security implications. Note that by default <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix + password sync</I +></TT +> is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>unix + password sync</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd program = /bin/passwd</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd program = /sbin/npasswd %u</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSWORDLEVEL" +></A +>password level (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Some client/server combinations have difficulty + with mixed-case passwords. One offending client is Windows for + Workgroups, which for some reason forces passwords to upper + case when using the LANMAN1 protocol, but leaves them alone when + using COREPLUS! Another problem child is the Windows 95/98 + family of operating systems. These clients upper case clear + text passwords even when NT LM 0.12 selected by the protocol + negotiation request/response.</P +><P +>This parameter defines the maximum number of characters + that may be upper case in passwords.</P +><P +>For example, say the password given was "FRED". If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> password level</I +></TT +> is set to 1, the following combinations + would be tried if "FRED" failed:</P +><P +>"Fred", "fred", "fRed", "frEd","freD"</P +><P +>If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password level</I +></TT +> was set to 2, + the following combinations would also be tried: </P +><P +>"FRed", "FrEd", "FreD", "fREd", "fReD", "frED", ..</P +><P +>And so on.</P +><P +>The higher value this parameter is set to the more likely + it is that a mixed case password will be matched against a single + case password. However, you should be aware that use of this + parameter reduces security and increases the time taken to + process a new connection.</P +><P +>A value of zero will cause only two attempts to be + made - the password as is and the password in all-lower case.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password level = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password level = 4</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PASSWORDSERVER" +></A +>password server (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>By specifying the name of another SMB server (such + as a WinNT box) with this option, and using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain + </B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = server</B +> you can get Samba + to do all its username/password validation via a remote server.</P +><P +>This option sets the name of the password server to use. + It must be a NetBIOS name, so if the machine's NetBIOS name is + different from its Internet name then you may have to add its NetBIOS + name to the lmhosts file which is stored in the same directory + as the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file.</P +><P +>The name of the password server is looked up using the + parameter <A +HREF="#NAMERESOLVEORDER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name + resolve order</I +></TT +></A +> and so may resolved + by any method and order described in that parameter.</P +><P +>The password server must be a machine capable of using + the "LM1.2X002" or the "NT LM 0.12" protocol, and it must be in + user level security mode.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE:</I +> Using a password server + means your UNIX box (running Samba) is only as secure as your + password server. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DO NOT CHOOSE A PASSWORD SERVER THAT + YOU DON'T COMPLETELY TRUST</I +>.</P +><P +>Never point a Samba server at itself for password + serving. This will cause a loop and could lock up your Samba + server!</P +><P +>The name of the password server takes the standard + substitutions, but probably the only useful one is <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%m + </I +></TT +>, which means the Samba server will use the incoming + client as the password server. If you use this then you better + trust your clients, and you had better restrict them with hosts allow!</P +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security</I +></TT +> parameter is set to + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>domain</TT +>, then the list of machines in this + option must be a list of Primary or Backup Domain controllers for the + Domain or the character '*', as the Samba server is effectively + in that domain, and will use cryptographically authenticated RPC calls + to authenticate the user logging on. The advantage of using <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> security = domain</B +> is that if you list several hosts in the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +> option then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> will try each in turn till it finds one that responds. This + is useful in case your primary server goes down.</P +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +> option is set + to the character '*', then Samba will attempt to auto-locate the + Primary or Backup Domain controllers to authenticate against by + doing a query for the name <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>WORKGROUP<1C></TT +> + and then contacting each server returned in the list of IP + addresses from the name resolution source. </P +><P +>If the list of servers contains both names and the '*' + character, the list is treated as a list of preferred + domain controllers, but an auto lookup of all remaining DC's + will be added to the list as well. Samba will not attempt to optimize + this list by locating the closest DC.</P +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security</I +></TT +> parameter is + set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>server</TT +>, then there are different + restrictions that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain</B +> doesn't + suffer from:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>You may list several password servers in + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password server</I +></TT +> parameter, however if an + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> makes a connection to a password server, + and then the password server fails, no more users will be able + to be authenticated from this <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>. This is a + restriction of the SMB/CIFS protocol when in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = server + </B +> mode and cannot be fixed in Samba.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If you are using a Windows NT server as your + password server then you will have to ensure that your users + are able to login from the Samba server, as when in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> security = server</B +> mode the network logon will appear to + come from there rather than from the users workstation.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#SECURITY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password server = <empty string></B +> + </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password server = NT-PDC, NT-BDC1, NT-BDC2, * + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>password server = *</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PATH" +></A +>path (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies a directory to which + the user of the service is to be given access. In the case of + printable services, this is where print data will spool prior to + being submitted to the host for printing.</P +><P +>For a printable service offering guest access, the service + should be readonly and the path should be world-writeable and + have the sticky bit set. This is not mandatory of course, but + you probably won't get the results you expect if you do + otherwise.</P +><P +>Any occurrences of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%u</I +></TT +> in the path + will be replaced with the UNIX username that the client is using + on this connection. Any occurrences of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%m</I +></TT +> + will be replaced by the NetBIOS name of the machine they are + connecting from. These replacements are very useful for setting + up pseudo home directories for users.</P +><P +>Note that this path will be based on <A +HREF="#ROOTDIR" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root dir</I +></TT +></A +> if one was specified.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>path = /home/fred</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PIDDIRECTORY" +></A +>pid directory (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies the directory where pid + files will be placed. </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pid directory = ${prefix}/var/locks</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>pid directory = /var/run/</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="POSIXLOCKING" +></A +>posix locking (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>The <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + daemon maintains an database of file locks obtained by SMB clients. + The default behavior is to map this internal database to POSIX + locks. This means that file locks obtained by SMB clients are + consistent with those seen by POSIX compliant applications accessing + the files via a non-SMB method (e.g. NFS or local file access). + You should never need to disable this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>posix locking = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="POSTEXEC" +></A +>postexec (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies a command to be run + whenever the service is disconnected. It takes the usual + substitutions. The command may be run as the root on some + systems.</P +><P +>An interesting example may be to unmount server + resources:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>postexec = /etc/umount /cdrom</B +></P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (no command executed)</I +> + </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>postexec = echo \"%u disconnected from %S + from %m (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="POSTSCRIPT" +></A +>postscript (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter forces a printer to interpret + the print files as PostScript. This is done by adding a <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>%! + </TT +> to the start of print output.</P +><P +>This is most useful when you have lots of PCs that persist + in putting a control-D at the start of print jobs, which then + confuses your printer.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>postscript = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PREEXEC" +></A +>preexec (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies a command to be run whenever + the service is connected to. It takes the usual substitutions.</P +><P +>An interesting example is to send the users a welcome + message every time they log in. Maybe a message of the day? Here + is an example:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preexec = csh -c 'echo \"Welcome to %S!\" | + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbclient -M %m -I %I' & </B +></P +><P +>Of course, this could get annoying after a while :-)</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PREEXECCLOSE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec close + </I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#POSTEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>postexec + </I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (no command executed)</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preexec = echo \"%u connected to %S from %m + (%I)\" >> /tmp/log</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PREEXECCLOSE" +></A +>preexec close (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean option controls whether a non-zero + return code from <A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec + </I +></TT +></A +> should close the service being connected to.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preexec close = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PREFERREDMASTER" +></A +>preferred master (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls if <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> is a preferred master browser + for its workgroup.</P +><P +>If this is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, on startup, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> + will force an election, and it will have a slight advantage in + winning the election. It is recommended that this parameter is + used in conjunction with <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +><A +HREF="#DOMAINMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> domain master</I +></TT +></A +> = yes</B +>, so that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> nmbd</B +> can guarantee becoming a domain master.</P +><P +>Use this option with caution, because if there are several + hosts (whether Samba servers, Windows 95 or NT) that are preferred + master browsers on the same subnet, they will each periodically + and continuously attempt to become the local master browser. + This will result in unnecessary broadcast traffic and reduced browsing + capabilities.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#OSLEVEL" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>os level</I +></TT +> + </A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preferred master = auto</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PREFEREDMASTER" +></A +>prefered master (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#PREFERREDMASTER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> preferred master</I +></TT +></A +> for people who cannot spell :-).</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRELOAD" +></A +>preload (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of services that you want to be + automatically added to the browse lists. This is most useful + for homes and printers services that would otherwise not be + visible.</P +><P +>Note that if you just want all printers in your + printcap file loaded then the <A +HREF="#LOADPRINTERS" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>load printers</I +></TT +></A +> option is easier.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no preloaded services</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preload = fred lp colorlp</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRESERVECASE" +></A +>preserve case (S)</DT +><DD +><P +> This controls if new filenames are created + with the case that the client passes, or if they are forced to + be the <A +HREF="#DEFAULTCASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default case + </I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preserve case = yes</B +></P +><P +>See the section on <A +HREF="#AEN205" +>NAME + MANGLING</A +> for a fuller discussion.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTCOMMAND" +></A +>print command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>After a print job has finished spooling to + a service, this command will be used via a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>system()</B +> + call to process the spool file. Typically the command specified will + submit the spool file to the host's printing subsystem, but there + is no requirement that this be the case. The server will not remove + the spool file, so whatever command you specify should remove the + spool file when it has been processed, otherwise you will need to + manually remove old spool files.</P +><P +>The print command is simply a text string. It will be used + verbatim after macro substitutions have been made:</P +><P +>s, %p - the path to the spool + file name</P +><P +>%p - the appropriate printer + name</P +><P +>%J - the job + name as transmitted by the client.</P +><P +>%c - The number of printed pages + of the spooled job (if known).</P +><P +>%z - the size of the spooled + print job (in bytes)</P +><P +>The print command <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>MUST</I +> contain at least + one occurrence of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%s</I +></TT +> or <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%f + </I +></TT +> - the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is optional. At the time + a job is submitted, if no printer name is supplied the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p + </I +></TT +> will be silently removed from the printer command.</P +><P +>If specified in the [global] section, the print command given + will be used for any printable service that does not have its own + print command specified.</P +><P +>If there is neither a specified print command for a + printable service nor a global print command, spool files will + be created but not processed and (most importantly) not removed.</P +><P +>Note that printing may fail on some UNIXes from the + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>nobody</TT +> account. If this happens then create + an alternative guest account that can print and set the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +> + in the [global] section.</P +><P +>You can form quite complex print commands by realizing + that they are just passed to a shell. For example the following + will log a print job, print the file, then remove it. Note that + ';' is the usual separator for command in shell scripts.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>print command = echo Printing %s >> + /tmp/print.log; lpr -P %p %s; rm %s</B +></P +><P +>You may have to vary this command considerably depending + on how you normally print files on your system. The default for + the parameter varies depending on the setting of the <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: For <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printing = BSD, AIX, QNX, LPRNG + or PLP :</B +></P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>print command = lpr -r -P%p %s</B +></P +><P +>For <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printing = SYSV or HPUX :</B +></P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>print command = lp -c -d%p %s; rm %s</B +></P +><P +>For <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printing = SOFTQ :</B +></P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>print command = lp -d%p -s %s; rm %s</B +></P +><P +>For printing = CUPS : If SAMBA is compiled against + libcups, then <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +>printcap = cups</A +> + uses the CUPS API to + submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V + commands with the -oraw option for printing, i.e. it + uses <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lp -c -d%p -oraw; rm %s</B +>. + With <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printing = cups</B +>, + and if SAMBA is compiled against libcups, any manually + set print command will be ignored.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>print command = /usr/local/samba/bin/myprintscript + %p %s</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTOK" +></A +>print ok (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#PRINTABLE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printable</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTABLE" +></A +>printable (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, then + clients may open, write to and submit spool files on the directory + specified for the service. </P +><P +>Note that a printable service will ALWAYS allow writing + to the service path (user privileges permitting) via the spooling + of print data. The <A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read only + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter controls only non-printing access to + the resource.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printable = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTCAP" +></A +>printcap (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#PRINTCAPNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printcap name</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTCAPNAME" +></A +>printcap name (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter may be used to override the + compiled-in default printcap name used by the server (usually <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /etc/printcap</TT +>). See the discussion of the <A +HREF="#AEN79" +>[printers]</A +> section above for reasons + why you might want to do this.</P +><P +>To use the CUPS printing interface set <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printcap name = cups + </B +>. This should be supplemented by an addtional setting + <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +>printing = cups</A +> in the [global] + section. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printcap name = cups</B +> will use the + "dummy" printcap created by CUPS, as specified in your CUPS + configuration file. + </P +><P +>On System V systems that use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpstat</B +> to + list available printers you can use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printcap name = lpstat + </B +> to automatically obtain lists of available printers. This + is the default for systems that define SYSV at configure time in + Samba (this includes most System V based systems). If <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printcap name</I +></TT +> is set to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpstat</B +> on + these systems then Samba will launch <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lpstat -v</B +> and + attempt to parse the output to obtain a printer list.</P +><P +>A minimal printcap file would look something like this:</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> print1|My Printer 1 + print2|My Printer 2 + print3|My Printer 3 + print4|My Printer 4 + print5|My Printer 5 + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>where the '|' separates aliases of a printer. The fact + that the second alias has a space in it gives a hint to Samba + that it's a comment.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE</I +>: Under AIX the default printcap + name is <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/qconfig</TT +>. Samba will assume the + file is in AIX <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>qconfig</TT +> format if the string + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>qconfig</TT +> appears in the printcap filename.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printcap name = /etc/printcap</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printcap name = /etc/myprintcap</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTERADMIN" +></A +>printer admin (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users that can do anything to + printers via the remote administration interfaces offered by MS-RPC + (usually using a NT workstation). Note that the root user always + has admin rights.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer admin = <empty string></B +> + </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer admin = admin, @staff</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTERDRIVER" +></A +>printer driver (S)</DT +><DD +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note :</I +>This is a deprecated + parameter and will be removed in the next major release + following version 2.2. Please see the instructions in + the <A +HREF="printer_driver2.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba 2.2. Printing + HOWTO</A +> for more information + on the new method of loading printer drivers onto a Samba server. + </P +><P +>This option allows you to control the string + that clients receive when they ask the server for the printer driver + associated with a printer. If you are using Windows95 or Windows NT + then you can use this to automate the setup of printers on your + system.</P +><P +>You need to set this parameter to the exact string (case + sensitive) that describes the appropriate printer driver for your + system. If you don't know the exact string to use then you should + first try with no <A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printer driver</I +></TT +></A +> option set and the client will + give you a list of printer drivers. The appropriate strings are + shown in a scroll box after you have chosen the printer manufacturer.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVERFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer + driver file</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer driver = HP LaserJet 4L</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTERDRIVERFILE" +></A +>printer driver file (G)</DT +><DD +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note :</I +>This is a deprecated + parameter and will be removed in the next major release + following version 2.2. Please see the instructions in + the <A +HREF="printer_driver2.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba 2.2. Printing + HOWTO</A +> for more information + on the new method of loading printer drivers onto a Samba server. + </P +><P +>This parameter tells Samba where the printer driver + definition file, used when serving drivers to Windows 95 clients, is + to be found. If this is not set, the default is :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>SAMBA_INSTALL_DIRECTORY</I +></TT +> + /lib/printers.def</TT +></P +><P +>This file is created from Windows 95 <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>msprint.inf + </TT +> files found on the Windows 95 client system. For more + details on setting up serving of printer drivers to Windows 95 + clients, see the outdated documentation file in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> + directory, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>PRINTER_DRIVER.txt</TT +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVERLOCATION" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printer driver location</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>None (set in compile).</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer driver file = + /usr/local/samba/printers/drivers.def</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTERDRIVERLOCATION" +></A +>printer driver location (S)</DT +><DD +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note :</I +>This is a deprecated + parameter and will be removed in the next major release + following version 2.2. Please see the instructions in + the <A +HREF="printer_driver2.html" +TARGET="_top" +>Samba 2.2. Printing + HOWTO</A +> for more information + on the new method of loading printer drivers onto a Samba server. + </P +><P +>This parameter tells clients of a particular printer + share where to find the printer driver files for the automatic + installation of drivers for Windows 95 machines. If Samba is set up + to serve printer drivers to Windows 95 machines, this should be set to</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>\\MACHINE\PRINTER$</B +></P +><P +>Where MACHINE is the NetBIOS name of your Samba server, + and PRINTER$ is a share you set up for serving printer driver + files. For more details on setting this up see the outdated documentation + file in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> directory, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> PRINTER_DRIVER.txt</TT +>.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PRINTERDRIVERFILE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printer driver file</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>none</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer driver location = \\MACHINE\PRINTER$ + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTERNAME" +></A +>printer name (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the name of the printer + to which print jobs spooled through a printable service will be sent.</P +><P +>If specified in the [global] section, the printer + name given will be used for any printable service that does + not have its own printer name specified.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>none (but may be <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lp</TT +> + on many systems)</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printer name = laserwriter</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTER" +></A +>printer (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#PRINTERNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> printer name</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRINTING" +></A +>printing (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameters controls how printer status + information is interpreted on your system. It also affects the + default values for the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>print command</I +></TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpq command</I +></TT +>, <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lppause command + </I +></TT +>, <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lpresume command</I +></TT +>, and + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>lprm command</I +></TT +> if specified in the + [global] section.</P +><P +>Currently nine printing styles are supported. They are + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>BSD</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>AIX</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LPRNG</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>PLP</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SYSV</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>HPUX</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>QNX</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>SOFTQ</TT +>, + and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>CUPS</TT +>.</P +><P +>To see what the defaults are for the other print + commands when using the various options use the <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +>testparm(1)</A +> program.</P +><P +>This option can be set on a per printer basis</P +><P +>See also the discussion in the <A +HREF="#AEN79" +> [printers]</A +> section.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PRIVATEDIR" +></A +>private dir (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameters defines the directory + smbd will use for storing such files as <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>secrets.tdb</TT +>. + </P +><P +>Default :<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>private dir = ${prefix}/private</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PROTOCOL" +></A +>protocol (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#MAXPROTOCOL" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max protocol</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="PUBLIC" +></A +>public (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#GUESTOK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest + ok</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND" +></A +>queuepause command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to pause the printer queue.</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name as its only parameter and stops the printer queue, + such that no longer jobs are submitted to the printer.</P +><P +>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, + but can be issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 + and NT.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the command. + </P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the + server.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>depends on the setting of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing + </I +></TT +></I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>queuepause command = disable %p</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="QUEUERESUMECOMMAND" +></A +>queueresume command (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the command to be + executed on the server host in order to resume the printer queue. It + is the command to undo the behavior that is caused by the + previous parameter (<A +HREF="#QUEUEPAUSECOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> queuepause command</I +></TT +></A +>).</P +><P +>This command should be a program or script which takes + a printer name as its only parameter and resumes the printer queue, + such that queued jobs are resubmitted to the printer.</P +><P +>This command is not supported by Windows for Workgroups, + but can be issued from the Printers window under Windows 95 + and NT.</P +><P +>If a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%p</I +></TT +> is given then the printer name + is put in its place. Otherwise it is placed at the end of the + command.</P +><P +>Note that it is good practice to include the absolute + path in the command as the PATH may not be available to the + server.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>depends on the setting of <A +HREF="#PRINTING" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printing</I +></TT +></A +></I +> + </P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>queuepause command = enable %p + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="READBMPX" +></A +>read bmpx (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> will support the "Read + Block Multiplex" SMB. This is now rarely used and defaults to + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>. You should never need to set this + parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read bmpx = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="READLIST" +></A +>read list (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users that are given read-only + access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then + they will not be given write access, no matter what the <A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read only</I +></TT +></A +> + option is set to. The list can include group names using the + syntax described in the <A +HREF="#INVALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> invalid users</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#WRITELIST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> write list</I +></TT +></A +> parameter and the <A +HREF="#INVALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>invalid users</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read list = <empty string></B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read list = mary, @students</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="READONLY" +></A +>read only (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>An inverted synonym is <A +HREF="#WRITEABLE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>writeable</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>If this parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, then users + of a service may not create or modify files in the service's + directory.</P +><P +>Note that a printable service (<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>printable = yes</B +>) + will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ALWAYS</I +> allow writing to the directory + (user privileges permitting), but only via spooling operations.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read only = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="READRAW" +></A +>read raw (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls whether or not the server + will support the raw read SMB requests when transferring data + to clients.</P +><P +>If enabled, raw reads allow reads of 65535 bytes in + one packet. This typically provides a major performance benefit. + </P +><P +>However, some clients either negotiate the allowable + block size incorrectly or are incapable of supporting larger block + sizes, and for these clients you may need to disable raw reads.</P +><P +>In general this parameter should be viewed as a system tuning + tool and left severely alone. See also <A +HREF="#WRITERAW" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>write raw</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read raw = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="READSIZE" +></A +>read size (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The option <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read size</I +></TT +> + affects the overlap of disk reads/writes with network reads/writes. + If the amount of data being transferred in several of the SMB + commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and SMBreadbraw) is larger + than this value then the server begins writing the data before it + has received the whole packet from the network, or in the case of + SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before all the data + has been read from disk.</P +><P +>This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and + network access are similar, having very little effect when the + speed of one is much greater than the other.</P +><P +>The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation + has been done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely + that the best value will vary greatly between systems anyway. + A value over 65536 is pointless and will cause you to allocate + memory unnecessarily.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read size = 16384</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read size = 8192</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="REALM" +></A +>realm (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> This option specifies the kerberos realm to use. The realm is + used as the ADS equivalent of the NT4<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>domain</B +>. It + is usually set to the DNS name of the kerberos server. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>realm = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>realm = mysambabox.mycompany.com</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="REMOTEANNOUNCE" +></A +>remote announce (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to setup <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> to periodically announce itself + to arbitrary IP addresses with an arbitrary workgroup name.</P +><P +>This is useful if you want your Samba server to appear + in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse propagation + rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere that you + can send IP packets to.</P +><P +>For example:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>remote announce = 192.168.2.255/SERVERS + 192.168.4.255/STAFF</B +></P +><P +>the above line would cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to announce itself + to the two given IP addresses using the given workgroup names. + If you leave out the workgroup name then the one given in + the <A +HREF="#WORKGROUP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter is used instead.</P +><P +>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast + addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses + of known browse masters if your network config is that stable.</P +><P +>See the documentation file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>BROWSING.txt</TT +> + in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> directory.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>remote announce = <empty string> + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="REMOTEBROWSESYNC" +></A +>remote browse sync (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to setup <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> to periodically request + synchronization of browse lists with the master browser of a Samba + server that is on a remote segment. This option will allow you to + gain browse lists for multiple workgroups across routed networks. This + is done in a manner that does not work with any non-Samba servers.</P +><P +>This is useful if you want your Samba server and all local + clients to appear in a remote workgroup for which the normal browse + propagation rules don't work. The remote workgroup can be anywhere + that you can send IP packets to.</P +><P +>For example:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>remote browse sync = 192.168.2.255 192.168.4.255 + </B +></P +><P +>the above line would cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to request + the master browser on the specified subnets or addresses to + synchronize their browse lists with the local server.</P +><P +>The IP addresses you choose would normally be the broadcast + addresses of the remote networks, but can also be the IP addresses + of known browse masters if your network config is that stable. If + a machine IP address is given Samba makes NO attempt to validate + that the remote machine is available, is listening, nor that it + is in fact the browse master on its segment.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>remote browse sync = <empty string> + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="RESTRICTANONYMOUS" +></A +>restrict anonymous (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a integer parameter, and + mirrors as much as possible the functinality the + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>RestrictAnonymous</TT +> + registry key does on NT/Win2k. </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>restrict anonymous = 0</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOT" +></A +>root (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#ROOTDIRECTORY" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory"</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOTDIR" +></A +>root dir (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#ROOTDIRECTORY" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory"</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOTDIRECTORY" +></A +>root directory (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The server will <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chroot()</B +> (i.e. + Change its root directory) to this directory on startup. This is + not strictly necessary for secure operation. Even without it the + server will deny access to files not in one of the service entries. + It may also check for, and deny access to, soft links to other + parts of the filesystem, or attempts to use ".." in file names + to access other directories (depending on the setting of the <A +HREF="#WIDELINKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wide links</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter).</P +><P +>Adding a <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory</I +></TT +> entry other + than "/" adds an extra level of security, but at a price. It + absolutely ensures that no access is given to files not in the + sub-tree specified in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory</I +></TT +> + option, <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>including</I +> some files needed for + complete operation of the server. To maintain full operability + of the server you will need to mirror some system files + into the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>root directory</I +></TT +> tree. In particular + you will need to mirror <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> (or a + subset of it), and any binaries or configuration files needed for + printing (if required). The set of files that must be mirrored is + operating system dependent.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root directory = /</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root directory = /homes/smb</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOTPOSTEXEC" +></A +>root postexec (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the same as the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>postexec</I +></TT +> + parameter except that the command is run as root. This + is useful for unmounting filesystems + (such as CDROMs) after a connection is closed.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#POSTEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> postexec</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root postexec = <empty string> + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOTPREEXEC" +></A +>root preexec (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the same as the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec</I +></TT +> + parameter except that the command is run as root. This + is useful for mounting filesystems (such as CDROMs) when a + connection is opened.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> preexec</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#PREEXECCLOSE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec close</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root preexec = <empty string> + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="ROOTPREEXECCLOSE" +></A +>root preexec close (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the same as the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec close + </I +></TT +> parameter except that the command is run as root.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PREEXEC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> preexec</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#PREEXECCLOSE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>preexec close</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root preexec close = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SECURITY" +></A +>security (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option affects how clients respond to + Samba and is one of the most important settings in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf</TT +> file.</P +><P +>The option sets the "security mode bit" in replies to + protocol negotiations with <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8) + </A +> to turn share level security on or off. Clients decide + based on this bit whether (and how) to transfer user and password + information to the server.</P +><P +>The default is <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = user</B +>, as this is + the most common setting needed when talking to Windows 98 and + Windows NT.</P +><P +>The alternatives are <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = share</B +>, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = server</B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain + </B +>.</P +><P +>In versions of Samba prior to 2.0.0, the default was + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = share</B +> mainly because that was + the only option at one stage.</P +><P +>There is a bug in WfWg that has relevance to this + setting. When in user or server level security a WfWg client + will totally ignore the password you type in the "connect + drive" dialog box. This makes it very difficult (if not impossible) + to connect to a Samba service as anyone except the user that + you are logged into WfWg as.</P +><P +>If your PCs use usernames that are the same as their + usernames on the UNIX machine then you will want to use + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = user</B +>. If you mostly use usernames + that don't exist on the UNIX box then use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = + share</B +>.</P +><P +>You should also use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = share</B +> if you + want to mainly setup shares without a password (guest shares). This + is commonly used for a shared printer server. It is more difficult + to setup guest shares with <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = user</B +>, see + the <A +HREF="#MAPTOGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to guest</I +></TT +> + </A +>parameter for details.</P +><P +>It is possible to use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> in a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> hybrid mode</I +> where it is offers both user and share + level security under different <A +HREF="#NETBIOSALIASES" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>NetBIOS aliases</I +></TT +></A +>. </P +><P +>The different settings will now be explained.</P +><P +><A +NAME="SECURITYEQUALSSHARE" +></A +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SECURITY = SHARE + </I +></P +><P +>When clients connect to a share level security server they + need not log onto the server with a valid username and password before + attempting to connect to a shared resource (although modern clients + such as Windows 95/98 and Windows NT will send a logon request with + a username but no password when talking to a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = share + </B +> server). Instead, the clients send authentication information + (passwords) on a per-share basis, at the time they attempt to connect + to that share.</P +><P +>Note that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>ALWAYS</I +> + uses a valid UNIX user to act on behalf of the client, even in + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = share</B +> level security.</P +><P +>As clients are not required to send a username to the server + in share level security, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> uses several + techniques to determine the correct UNIX user to use on behalf + of the client.</P +><P +>A list of possible UNIX usernames to match with the given + client password is constructed using the following methods :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>If the <A +HREF="#GUESTONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest + only</I +></TT +></A +> parameter is set, then all the other + stages are missed and only the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +> username is checked. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Is a username is sent with the share connection + request, then this username (after mapping - see <A +HREF="#USERNAMEMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username map</I +></TT +></A +>), + is added as a potential username.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>If the client did a previous <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>logon + </I +> request (the SessionSetup SMB call) then the + username sent in this SMB will be added as a potential username. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The name of the service the client requested is + added as a potential username.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The NetBIOS name of the client is added to + the list as a potential username.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Any users on the <A +HREF="#USER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> user</I +></TT +></A +> list are added as potential usernames. + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest only</I +></TT +> parameter is + not set, then this list is then tried with the supplied password. + The first user for whom the password matches will be used as the + UNIX user.</P +><P +>If the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest only</I +></TT +> parameter is + set, or no username can be determined then if the share is marked + as available to the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +>, then this + guest user will be used, otherwise access is denied.</P +><P +>Note that it can be <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>very</I +> confusing + in share-level security as to which UNIX username will eventually + be used in granting access.</P +><P +>See also the section <A +HREF="#AEN238" +> NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</A +>.</P +><P +><A +NAME="SECURITYEQUALSUSER" +></A +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SECURITY = USER + </I +></P +><P +>This is the default security setting in Samba 2.2. + With user-level security a client must first "log-on" with a + valid username and password (which can be mapped using the <A +HREF="#USERNAMEMAP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username map</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter). Encrypted passwords (see the <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypted passwords</I +></TT +></A +> parameter) can also + be used in this security mode. Parameters such as <A +HREF="#USER" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>user</I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#GUESTONLY" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest only</I +></TT +></A +> if set are then applied and + may change the UNIX user to use on this connection, but only after + the user has been successfully authenticated.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that the name of the resource being + requested is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +>. + See the <A +HREF="#MAPTOGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to guest</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter for details on doing this.</P +><P +>See also the section <A +HREF="#AEN238" +> NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</A +>.</P +><P +><A +NAME="SECURITYEQUALSSERVER" +></A +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SECURITY = SERVER + </I +></P +><P +>In this mode Samba will try to validate the username/password + by passing it to another SMB server, such as an NT box. If this + fails it will revert to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = user</B +>, but note + that if encrypted passwords have been negotiated then Samba cannot + revert back to checking the UNIX password file, it must have a valid + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +> file to check users against. See the + documentation file in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/</TT +> directory + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>ENCRYPTION.txt</TT +> for details on how to set this + up.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that from the client's point of + view <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = server</B +> is the same as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> security = user</B +>. It only affects how the server deals + with the authentication, it does not in any way affect what the + client sees.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that the name of the resource being + requested is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +>. + See the <A +HREF="#MAPTOGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to guest</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter for details on doing this.</P +><P +>See also the section <A +HREF="#AEN238" +> NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</A +>.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PASSWORDSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password + server</I +></TT +></A +> parameter and the <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypted passwords</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter.</P +><P +><A +NAME="SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN" +></A +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>SECURITY = DOMAIN + </I +></P +><P +>This mode will only work correctly if <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbpasswd(8)</A +> has been used to add this + machine into a Windows NT Domain. It expects the <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypted passwords</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter to be set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>. In this + mode Samba will try to validate the username/password by passing + it to a Windows NT Primary or Backup Domain Controller, in exactly + the same way that a Windows NT Server would do.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that a valid UNIX user must still + exist as well as the account on the Domain Controller to allow + Samba to have a valid UNIX account to map file access to.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that from the client's point + of view <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain</B +> is the same as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = user + </B +>. It only affects how the server deals with the authentication, + it does not in any way affect what the client sees.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that the name of the resource being + requested is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> sent to the server until after + the server has successfully authenticated the client. This is why + guest shares don't work in user level security without allowing + the server to automatically map unknown users into the <A +HREF="#GUESTACCOUNT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>guest account</I +></TT +></A +>. + See the <A +HREF="#MAPTOGUEST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>map to guest</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter for details on doing this.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>BUG:</I +> There is currently a bug in the + implementation of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain</B +> with respect + to multi-byte character set usernames. The communication with a + Domain Controller must be done in UNICODE and Samba currently + does not widen multi-byte user names to UNICODE correctly, thus + a multi-byte username will not be recognized correctly at the + Domain Controller. This issue will be addressed in a future release.</P +><P +>See also the section <A +HREF="#AEN238" +> NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</A +>.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#PASSWORDSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>password + server</I +></TT +></A +> parameter and the <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypted passwords</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = USER</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = DOMAIN</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SECURITYMASK" +></A +>security mask (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls what UNIX permission + bits can be modified when a Windows NT client is manipulating + the UNIX permission on a file using the native NT security + dialog box.</P +><P +>This parameter is applied as a mask (AND'ed with) to + the changed permission bits, thus preventing any bits not in + this mask from being modified. Essentially, zero bits in this + mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is not allowed + to change.</P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is 0777, allowing + a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file. + </P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that users who can access the + Samba server through other means can easily bypass this + restriction, so it is primarily useful for standalone + "appliance" systems. Administrators of most normal systems will + probably want to leave it set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>0777</TT +>.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#FORCEDIRECTORYSECURITYMODE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security mode</I +></TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="#DIRECTORYSECURITYMASK" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory + security mask</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#FORCESECURITYMODE" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameters.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security mask = 0777</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security mask = 0770</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SERVERSTRING" +></A +>server string (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls what string will show up in the + printer comment box in print manager and next to the IPC connection + in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>net view</B +>. It can be any string that you wish + to show to your users.</P +><P +>It also sets what will appear in browse lists next + to the machine name.</P +><P +>A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%v</I +></TT +> will be replaced with the Samba + version number.</P +><P +>A <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%h</I +></TT +> will be replaced with the + hostname.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>server string = Samba %v</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>server string = University of GNUs Samba + Server</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SETDIRECTORY" +></A +>set directory (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>set directory = no</B +>, then + users of the service may not use the setdir command to change + directory.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>setdir</B +> command is only implemented + in the Digital Pathworks client. See the Pathworks documentation + for details.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>set directory = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SHAREMODES" +></A +>share modes (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This enables or disables the honoring of + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>share modes</I +></TT +> during a file open. These + modes are used by clients to gain exclusive read or write access + to a file.</P +><P +>These open modes are not directly supported by UNIX, so + they are simulated using shared memory, or lock files if your + UNIX doesn't support shared memory (almost all do).</P +><P +>The share modes that are enabled by this option are + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_DOS</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_ALL</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_READ</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_WRITE</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_NONE</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>DENY_FCB</TT +>. + </P +><P +>This option gives full share compatibility and enabled + by default.</P +><P +>You should <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NEVER</I +> turn this parameter + off as many Windows applications will break if you do so.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>share modes = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SHORTPRESERVECASE" +></A +>short preserve case (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls if new files + which conform to 8.3 syntax, that is all in upper case and of + suitable length, are created upper case, or if they are forced + to be the <A +HREF="#DEFAULTCASE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>default case + </I +></TT +></A +>. This option can be use with <A +HREF="#PRESERVECASE" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>preserve case = yes</B +> + </A +> to permit long filenames to retain their case, while short + names are lowered. </P +><P +>See the section on <A +HREF="#AEN205" +> NAME MANGLING</A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>short preserve case = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SHOWADDPRINTERWIZARD" +></A +>show add printer wizard (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>With the introduction of MS-RPC based printing support + for Windows NT/2000 client in Samba 2.2, a "Printers..." folder will + appear on Samba hosts in the share listing. Normally this folder will + contain an icon for the MS Add Printer Wizard (APW). However, it is + possible to disable this feature regardless of the level of privilege + of the connected user.</P +><P +>Under normal circumstances, the Windows NT/2000 client will + open a handle on the printer server with OpenPrinterEx() asking for + Administrator privileges. If the user does not have administrative + access on the print server (i.e is not root or a member of the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer admin</I +></TT +> group), the OpenPrinterEx() + call fails and the client makes another open call with a request for + a lower privilege level. This should succeed, however the APW + icon will not be displayed.</P +><P +>Disabling the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>show add printer wizard</I +></TT +> + parameter will always cause the OpenPrinterEx() on the server + to fail. Thus the APW icon will never be displayed. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> Note :</I +>This does not prevent the same user from having + administrative privilege on an individual printer.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#ADDPRINTERCOMMAND" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>addprinter + command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#DELETEPRINTERCOMMAND" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deleteprinter command</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PRINTERADMIN" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>printer admin</I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default :<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>show add printer wizard = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +></A +>shutdown script (G)</DT +><DD +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>This parameter only exists in the HEAD cvs branch</I +> + This a full path name to a script called by + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> that + should start a shutdown procedure.</P +><P +>This command will be run as the user connected to the + server.</P +><P +>%m %t %r %f parameters are expanded</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%m</I +></TT +> will be substituted with the + shutdown message sent to the server.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%t</I +></TT +> will be substituted with the + number of seconds to wait before effectively starting the + shutdown procedure.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%r</I +></TT +> will be substituted with the + switch <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>-r</I +>. It means reboot after shutdown + for NT. + </P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%f</I +></TT +> will be substituted with the + switch <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>-f</I +>. It means force the shutdown + even if applications do not respond for NT.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>None</I +>.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>abort shutdown script = /usr/local/samba/sbin/shutdown %m %t %r %f</B +></P +><P +>Shutdown script example: + <TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> #!/bin/bash -$time=0 -let "time/60" -let "time++" + $time=0 + let "time/60" + let "time++" -/sbin/shutdown $3 $4 +$time $1 & -</pre><p> -Shutdown does not return so we need to launch it in background. -</p><p>See also <a href="#ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT"> - <i><tt>abort shutdown script</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SMBPASSWDFILE"></a>smb passwd file (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option sets the path to the encrypted smbpasswd file. By - default the path to the smbpasswd file is compiled into Samba.</p><p>Default: <b>smb passwd file = ${prefix}/private/smbpasswd</b></p><p>Example: <b>smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SMBPORTS"></a>smb ports (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies which ports the server should listen on for SMB traffic.</p><p>Default: <b>smb ports = 445 139</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SOCKETADDRESS"></a>socket address (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to control what - address Samba will listen for connections on. This is used to - support multiple virtual interfaces on the one server, each - with a different configuration.</p><p>By default Samba will accept connections on any - address.</p><p>Example: <b>socket address = 192.168.2.20</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SOCKETOPTIONS"></a>socket options (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to set socket options - to be used when talking with the client.</p><p>Socket options are controls on the networking layer - of the operating systems which allow the connection to be - tuned.</p><p>This option will typically be used to tune your Samba server - for optimal performance for your local network. There is no way - that Samba can know what the optimal parameters are for your net, - so you must experiment and choose them yourself. We strongly - suggest you read the appropriate documentation for your operating - system first (perhaps <b>man - setsockopt</b> will help).</p><p>You may find that on some systems Samba will say - "Unknown socket option" when you supply an option. This means you - either incorrectly typed it or you need to add an include file - to includes.h for your OS. If the latter is the case please - send the patch to <a href="mailto:samba-technical@samba.org" target="_top"> - samba-technical@samba.org</a>.</p><p>Any of the supported socket options may be combined - in any way you like, as long as your OS allows it.</p><p>This is the list of socket options currently settable - using this option:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>SO_KEEPALIVE</p></li><li><p>SO_REUSEADDR</p></li><li><p>SO_BROADCAST</p></li><li><p>TCP_NODELAY</p></li><li><p>IPTOS_LOWDELAY</p></li><li><p>IPTOS_THROUGHPUT</p></li><li><p>SO_SNDBUF *</p></li><li><p>SO_RCVBUF *</p></li><li><p>SO_SNDLOWAT *</p></li><li><p>SO_RCVLOWAT *</p></li></ul></div><p>Those marked with a <span class="emphasis"><em>'*'</em></span> take an integer - argument. The others can optionally take a 1 or 0 argument to enable - or disable the option, by default they will be enabled if you - don't specify 1 or 0.</p><p>To specify an argument use the syntax SOME_OPTION = VALUE - for example <b>SO_SNDBUF = 8192</b>. Note that you must - not have any spaces before or after the = sign.</p><p>If you are on a local network then a sensible option - might be:</p><p><b>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</b></p><p>If you have a local network then you could try:</p><p><b>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY TCP_NODELAY</b></p><p>If you are on a wide area network then perhaps try - setting IPTOS_THROUGHPUT. </p><p>Note that several of the options may cause your Samba - server to fail completely. Use these options with caution!</p><p>Default: <b>socket options = TCP_NODELAY</b></p><p>Example: <b>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SOURCEENVIRONMENT"></a>source environment (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter causes Samba to set environment - variables as per the content of the file named.</p><p>If the value of this parameter starts with a "|" character - then Samba will treat that value as a pipe command to open and - will set the environment variables from the output of the pipe.</p><p>The contents of the file or the output of the pipe should - be formatted as the output of the standard Unix <b>env(1)</b> command. This is of the form:</p><p>Example environment entry:</p><p><b>SAMBA_NETBIOS_NAME = myhostname</b></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No default value</em></span></p><p>Examples: <b>source environment = |/etc/smb.conf.sh</b></p><p>Example: <b>source environment = - /usr/local/smb_env_vars</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STATCACHESIZE"></a>stat cache size (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines the number of - entries in the <i><tt>stat cache</tt></i>. You should - never need to change this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>stat cache size = 50</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STATCACHE"></a>stat cache (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines if <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will use a cache in order to - speed up case insensitive name mappings. You should never need - to change this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>stat cache = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STRICTALLOCATE"></a>strict allocate (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean that controls the handling of - disk space allocation in the server. When this is set to <tt>yes</tt> - the server will change from UNIX behaviour of not committing real - disk storage blocks when a file is extended to the Windows behaviour - of actually forcing the disk system to allocate real storage blocks - when a file is created or extended to be a given size. In UNIX - terminology this means that Samba will stop creating sparse files. - This can be slow on some systems.</p><p>When strict allocate is <tt>no</tt> the server does sparse - disk block allocation when a file is extended.</p><p>Setting this to <tt>yes</tt> can help Samba return - out of quota messages on systems that are restricting the disk quota - of users.</p><p>Default: <b>strict allocate = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STRICTLOCKING"></a>strict locking (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean that controls the handling of - file locking in the server. When this is set to <tt>yes</tt> - the server will check every read and write access for file locks, and - deny access if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.</p><p>When strict locking is <tt>no</tt> the server does file - lock checks only when the client explicitly asks for them.</p><p>Well-behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it - is important, so in the vast majority of cases <b>strict - locking = no</b> is preferable.</p><p>Default: <b>strict locking = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STRICTSYNC"></a>strict sync (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Many Windows applications (including the Windows 98 explorer - shell) seem to confuse flushing buffer contents to disk with doing - a sync to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces the process to be - suspended until the kernel has ensured that all outstanding data in - kernel disk buffers has been safely stored onto stable storage. - This is very slow and should only be done rarely. Setting this - parameter to <tt>no</tt> (the default) means that - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> ignores the Windows - applications requests for a sync call. There is only a possibility - of losing data if the operating system itself that Samba is running - on crashes, so there is little danger in this default setting. In - addition, this fixes many performance problems that people have - reported with the new Windows98 explorer shell file copies.</p><p>See also the <a href="#SYNCALWAYS"><i><tt>sync - always</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>strict sync = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="STRIPDOT"></a>strip dot (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean that controls whether to - strip trailing dots off UNIX filenames. This helps with some - CDROMs that have filenames ending in a single dot.</p><p>Default: <b>strip dot = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SYNCALWAYS"></a>sync always (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean parameter that controls - whether writes will always be written to stable storage before - the write call returns. If this is <tt>no</tt> then the server will be - guided by the client's request in each write call (clients can - set a bit indicating that a particular write should be synchronous). - If this is <tt>yes</tt> then every write will be followed by a <b>fsync() - </b> call to ensure the data is written to disk. Note that - the <i><tt>strict sync</tt></i> parameter must be set to - <tt>yes</tt> in order for this parameter to have - any affect.</p><p>See also the <a href="#STRICTSYNC"><i><tt>strict - sync</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>sync always = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SYSLOGONLY"></a>syslog only (G)</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is set then Samba debug - messages are logged into the system syslog only, and not to - the debug log files.</p><p>Default: <b>syslog only = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="SYSLOG"></a>syslog (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter maps how Samba debug messages - are logged onto the system syslog logging levels. Samba debug - level zero maps onto syslog <tt>LOG_ERR</tt>, debug - level one maps onto <tt>LOG_WARNING</tt>, debug level - two maps onto <tt>LOG_NOTICE</tt>, debug level three - maps onto LOG_INFO. All higher levels are mapped to <tt> - LOG_DEBUG</tt>.</p><p>This parameter sets the threshold for sending messages - to syslog. Only messages with debug level less than this value - will be sent to syslog.</p><p>Default: <b>syslog = 1</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TEMPLATEHOMEDIR"></a>template homedir (G)</span></dt><dd><p>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT - user, the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon uses this - parameter to fill in the home directory for that user. If the - string <i><tt>%D</tt></i> is present it - is substituted with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the - string <i><tt>%U</tt></i> is present it - is substituted with the user's Windows NT user name.</p><p>Default: <b>template homedir = /home/%D/%U</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TEMPLATESHELL"></a>template shell (G)</span></dt><dd><p>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT - user, the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon uses this - parameter to fill in the login shell for that user.</p><p>Default: <b>template shell = /bin/false</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TIMEOFFSET"></a>time offset (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is a setting in minutes to add - to the normal GMT to local time conversion. This is useful if - you are serving a lot of PCs that have incorrect daylight - saving time handling.</p><p>Default: <b>time offset = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>time offset = 60</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TIMESERVER"></a>time server (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter determines if <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> advertises itself as a time server to Windows - clients.</p><p>Default: <b>time server = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TIMESTAMPLOGS"></a>timestamp logs (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP"><i><tt> - debug timestamp</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="TOTALPRINTJOBS"></a>total print jobs (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter accepts an integer value which defines - a limit on the maximum number of print jobs that will be accepted - system wide at any given time. If a print job is submitted - by a client which will exceed this number, then <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> will return an - error indicating that no space is available on the server. The - default value of 0 means that no such limit exists. This parameter - can be used to prevent a server from exceeding its capacity and is - designed as a printing throttle. See also <a href="#MAXPRINTJOBS"> - <i><tt>max print jobs</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <b>total print jobs = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>total print jobs = 5000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UNICODE"></a>unicode (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies whether Samba should try - to use unicode on the wire by default. Note: This does NOT - mean that samba will assume that the unix machine uses unicode! - </p><p>Default: <b>unicode = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UNIXCHARSET"></a>unix charset (G)</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies the charset the unix machine - Samba runs on uses. Samba needs to know this in order to be able to - convert text to the charsets other SMB clients use. - </p><p>Default: <b>unix charset = UTF8</b></p><p>Example: <b>unix charset = ASCII</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UNIXEXTENSIONS"></a>unix extensions (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether Samba - implments the CIFS UNIX extensions, as defined by HP. - These extensions enable Samba to better serve UNIX CIFS clients - by supporting features such as symbolic links, hard links, etc... - These extensions require a similarly enabled client, and are of - no current use to Windows clients.</p><p>Default: <b>unix extensions = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC"></a>unix password sync (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter controls whether Samba - attempts to synchronize the UNIX password with the SMB password - when the encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. - If this is set to <tt>yes</tt> the program specified in the <i><tt>passwd - program</tt></i>parameter is called <span class="emphasis"><em>AS ROOT</em></span> - - to allow the new UNIX password to be set without access to the - old UNIX password (as the SMB password change code has no - access to the old password cleartext, only the new).</p><p>See also <a href="#PASSWDPROGRAM"><i><tt>passwd - program</tt></i></a>, <a href="#PASSWDCHAT"><i><tt> - passwd chat</tt></i></a>. - </p><p>Default: <b>unix password sync = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UPDATEENCRYPTED"></a>update encrypted (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter allows a user logging on with - a plaintext password to have their encrypted (hashed) password in - the smbpasswd file to be updated automatically as they log - on. This option allows a site to migrate from plaintext - password authentication (users authenticate with plaintext - password over the wire, and are checked against a UNIX account - database) to encrypted password authentication (the SMB - challenge/response authentication mechanism) without forcing all - users to re-enter their passwords via smbpasswd at the time the - change is made. This is a convenience option to allow the change - over to encrypted passwords to be made over a longer period. - Once all users have encrypted representations of their passwords - in the smbpasswd file this parameter should be set to - <tt>no</tt>.</p><p>In order for this parameter to work correctly the <a href="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"> - <i><tt>encrypt passwords</tt></i></a> parameter must - be set to <tt>no</tt> when this parameter is set to <tt>yes</tt>.</p><p>Note that even when this parameter is set a user - authenticating to <b>smbd</b> must still enter a valid - password in order to connect correctly, and to update their hashed - (smbpasswd) passwords.</p><p>Default: <b>update encrypted = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USECLIENTDRIVER"></a>use client driver (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter applies only to Windows NT/2000 - clients. It has no affect on Windows 95/98/ME clients. When - serving a printer to Windows NT/2000 clients without first installing - a valid printer driver on the Samba host, the client will be required - to install a local printer driver. From this point on, the client - will treat the print as a local printer and not a network printer - connection. This is much the same behavior that will occur - when <b>disable spoolss = yes</b>. - </p><p>The differentiating factor is that under normal - circumstances, the NT/2000 client will attempt to open the network - printer using MS-RPC. The problem is that because the client - considers the printer to be local, it will attempt to issue the - OpenPrinterEx() call requesting access rights associated with the - logged on user. If the user possesses local administator rights but - not root privilegde on the Samba host (often the case), the - OpenPrinterEx() call will fail. The result is that the client will - now display an "Access Denied; Unable to connect" message - in the printer queue window (even though jobs may successfully be - printed). </p><p>If this parameter is enabled for a printer, then any attempt - to open the printer with the PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER right is mapped - to PRINTER_ACCESS_USE instead. Thus allowing the OpenPrinterEx() - call to succeed. <span class="emphasis"><em>This parameter MUST not be able enabled - on a print share which has valid print driver installed on the Samba - server.</em></span></p><p>See also <a href="#DISABLESPOOLSS"><i><tt>disable spoolss</tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <b>use client driver = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USEMMAP"></a>use mmap (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This global parameter determines if the tdb internals of Samba can - depend on mmap working correctly on the running system. Samba requires a coherent - mmap/read-write system memory cache. Currently only HPUX does not have such a - coherent cache, and so this parameter is set to <tt>no</tt> by - default on HPUX. On all other systems this parameter should be left alone. This - parameter is provided to help the Samba developers track down problems with - the tdb internal code. - </p><p>Default: <b>use mmap = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USERNAMELEVEL"></a>username level (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option helps Samba to try and 'guess' at - the real UNIX username, as many DOS clients send an all-uppercase - username. By default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the - username with the first letter capitalized, and fails if the - username is not found on the UNIX machine.</p><p>If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. - This parameter is a number that specifies the number of uppercase - combinations to try while trying to determine the UNIX user name. The - higher the number the more combinations will be tried, but the slower - the discovery of usernames will be. Use this parameter when you have - strange usernames on your UNIX machine, such as <tt>AstrangeUser - </tt>.</p><p>Default: <b>username level = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>username level = 5</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USERNAMEMAP"></a>username map (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to specify a file containing - a mapping of usernames from the clients to the server. This can be - used for several purposes. The most common is to map usernames - that users use on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX - box uses. The other is to map multiple users to a single username - so that they can more easily share files.</p><p>The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should - contain a single UNIX username on the left then a '=' followed - by a list of usernames on the right. The list of usernames on the - right may contain names of the form @group in which case they - will match any UNIX username in that group. The special client - name '*' is a wildcard and matches any name. Each line of the - map file may be up to 1023 characters long.</p><p>The file is processed on each line by taking the - supplied username and comparing it with each username on the right - hand side of the '=' signs. If the supplied name matches any of - the names on the right hand side then it is replaced with the name - on the left. Processing then continues with the next line.</p><p>If any line begins with a '#' or a ';' then it is ignored</p><p>If any line begins with an '!' then the processing - will stop after that line if a mapping was done by the line. - Otherwise mapping continues with every line being processed. - Using '!' is most useful when you have a wildcard mapping line - later in the file.</p><p>For example to map from the name <tt>admin</tt> - or <tt>administrator</tt> to the UNIX name <tt> - root</tt> you would use:</p><p><b>root = admin administrator</b></p><p>Or to map anyone in the UNIX group <tt>system</tt> - to the UNIX name <tt>sys</tt> you would use:</p><p><b>sys = @system</b></p><p>You can have as many mappings as you like in a username map file.</p><p>If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then - the netgroup database is checked before the <tt>/etc/group - </tt> database for matching groups.</p><p>You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them - by using double quotes around the name. For example:</p><p><b>tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"</b></p><p>would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the - unix username "tridge".</p><p>The following example would map mary and fred to the - unix user sys, and map the rest to guest. Note the use of the - '!' to tell Samba to stop processing if it gets a match on - that line.</p><pre class="programlisting"> -!sys = mary fred -guest = * -</pre><p>Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences - of usernames. Thus if you connect to \\server\fred and <tt> - fred</tt> is remapped to <tt>mary</tt> then you - will actually be connecting to \\server\mary and will need to - supply a password suitable for <tt>mary</tt> not - <tt>fred</tt>. The only exception to this is the - username passed to the <a href="#PASSWORDSERVER"><i><tt> - password server</tt></i></a> (if you have one). The password - server will receive whatever username the client supplies without - modification.</p><p>Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect - this has is with printing. Users who have been mapped may have - trouble deleting print jobs as PrintManager under WfWg will think - they don't own the print job.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no username map</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USERNAME"></a>username (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Multiple users may be specified in a comma-delimited - list, in which case the supplied password will be tested against - each username in turn (left to right).</p><p>The <i><tt>username</tt></i> line is needed only when - the PC is unable to supply its own username. This is the case - for the COREPLUS protocol or where your users have different WfWg - usernames to UNIX usernames. In both these cases you may also be - better using the \\server\share%user syntax instead.</p><p>The <i><tt>username</tt></i> line is not a great - solution in many cases as it means Samba will try to validate - the supplied password against each of the usernames in the - <i><tt>username</tt></i> line in turn. This is slow and - a bad idea for lots of users in case of duplicate passwords. - You may get timeouts or security breaches using this parameter - unwisely.</p><p>Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This - parameter does not restrict who can login, it just offers hints - to the Samba server as to what usernames might correspond to the - supplied password. Users can login as whoever they please and - they will be able to do no more damage than if they started a - telnet session. The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, - so they cannot do anything that user cannot do.</p><p>To restrict a service to a particular set of users you - can use the <a href="#VALIDUSERS"><i><tt>valid users - </tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>If any of the usernames begin with a '@' then the name - will be looked up first in the NIS netgroups list (if Samba - is compiled with netgroup support), followed by a lookup in - the UNIX groups database and will expand to a list of all users - in the group of that name.</p><p>If any of the usernames begin with a '+' then the name - will be looked up only in the UNIX groups database and will - expand to a list of all users in the group of that name.</p><p>If any of the usernames begin with a '&' then the name - will be looked up only in the NIS netgroups database (if Samba - is compiled with netgroup support) and will expand to a list - of all users in the netgroup group of that name.</p><p>Note that searching though a groups database can take - quite some time, and some clients may time out during the - search.</p><p>See the section <a href="#VALIDATIONSECT" title="NOTE ABOUT USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION">NOTE ABOUT - USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</a> for more information on how - this parameter determines access to the services.</p><p>Default: <b>The guest account if a guest service, - else <empty string>.</b></p><p>Examples:<b>username = fred, mary, jack, jane, - @users, @pcgroup</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USERS"></a>users (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#USERNAME"><i><tt> - username</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USER"></a>user (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#USERNAME"><i><tt>username</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USESENDFILE"></a>use sendfile (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is <tt>yes</tt>, and Samba - was built with the --with-sendfile-support option, and the underlying operating - system supports sendfile system call, then some SMB read calls (mainly ReadAndX - and ReadRaw) will use the more efficient sendfile system call for files that - are exclusively oplocked. This may make more efficient use of the system CPU's - and cause Samba to be faster. This is off by default as it's effects are unknown - as yet.</p><p>Default: <b>use sendfile = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="USESPNEGO"></a>use spnego (G)</span></dt><dd><p> This variable controls controls whether samba will try - to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478) with - WindowsXP and Windows2000sp2 clients to agree upon an authentication mechanism. - Unless further issues are discovered with our SPNEGO - implementation, there is no reason this should ever be - disabled.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>use spnego = yes</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UTMPDIRECTORY"></a>utmp directory (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba has - been configured and compiled with the option <b> - --with-utmp</b>. It specifies a directory pathname that is - used to store the utmp or utmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that - record user connections to a Samba server. See also the <a href="#UTMP"> - <i><tt>utmp</tt></i></a> parameter. By default this is - not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the - native system is set to use (usually - <tt>/var/run/utmp</tt> on Linux).</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no utmp directory</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>utmp directory = /var/run/utmp</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="UTMP"></a>utmp (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean parameter is only available if - Samba has been configured and compiled with the option <b> - --with-utmp</b>. If set to <tt>yes</tt> then Samba will attempt - to add utmp or utmpx records (depending on the UNIX system) whenever a - connection is made to a Samba server. Sites may use this to record the - user connecting to a Samba share.</p><p>Due to the requirements of the utmp record, we - are required to create a unique identifier for the - incoming user. Enabling this option creates an n^2 - algorithm to find this number. This may impede - performance on large installations. </p><p>See also the <a href="#UTMPDIRECTORY"><i><tt> - utmp directory</tt></i></a> parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>utmp = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VALIDUSERS"></a>valid users (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users that should be allowed - to login to this service. Names starting with '@', '+' and '&' - are interpreted using the same rules as described in the - <i><tt>invalid users</tt></i> parameter.</p><p>If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. - If a username is in both this list and the <i><tt>invalid - users</tt></i> list then access is denied for that user.</p><p>The current servicename is substituted for <i><tt>%S - </tt></i>. This is useful in the [homes] section.</p><p>See also <a href="#INVALIDUSERS"><i><tt>invalid users - </tt></i></a></p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No valid users list (anyone can login) - </em></span></p><p>Example: <b>valid users = greg, @pcusers</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VETOFILES"></a>veto files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of files and directories that - are neither visible nor accessible. Each entry in the list must - be separated by a '/', which allows spaces to be included - in the entry. '*' and '?' can be used to specify multiple files - or directories as in DOS wildcards.</p><p>Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and - must <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> include the unix directory - separator '/'.</p><p>Note that the <i><tt>case sensitive</tt></i> option - is applicable in vetoing files.</p><p>One feature of the veto files parameter that it - is important to be aware of is Samba's behaviour when - trying to delete a directory. If a directory that is - to be deleted contains nothing but veto files this - deletion will <span class="emphasis"><em>fail</em></span> unless you also set - the <i><tt>delete veto files</tt></i> parameter to - <i><tt>yes</tt></i>.</p><p>Setting this parameter will affect the performance - of Samba, as it will be forced to check all files and directories - for a match as they are scanned.</p><p>See also <a href="#HIDEFILES"><i><tt>hide files - </tt></i></a> and <a href="#CASESENSITIVE"><i><tt> - case sensitive</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No files or directories are vetoed. - </em></span></p><p>Examples: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -; Veto any files containing the word Security, + /sbin/shutdown $3 $4 +$time $1 & + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +> + Shutdown does not return so we need to launch it in background. + </P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#ABORTSHUTDOWNSCRIPT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>abort shutdown script</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SMBPASSWDFILE" +></A +>smb passwd file (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option sets the path to the encrypted + smbpasswd file. By default the path to the smbpasswd file + is compiled into Samba.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smb passwd file = ${prefix}/private/smbpasswd + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SMBPORTS" +></A +>smb ports (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies which ports the server should listen on + for SMB traffic. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smb ports = 445 139</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SOCKETADDRESS" +></A +>socket address (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to control what + address Samba will listen for connections on. This is used to + support multiple virtual interfaces on the one server, each + with a different configuration.</P +><P +>By default Samba will accept connections on any + address.</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>socket address = 192.168.2.20</B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SOCKETOPTIONS" +></A +>socket options (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to set socket options + to be used when talking with the client.</P +><P +>Socket options are controls on the networking layer + of the operating systems which allow the connection to be + tuned.</P +><P +>This option will typically be used to tune your Samba + server for optimal performance for your local network. There is + no way that Samba can know what the optimal parameters are for + your net, so you must experiment and choose them yourself. We + strongly suggest you read the appropriate documentation for your + operating system first (perhaps <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>man setsockopt</B +> + will help).</P +><P +>You may find that on some systems Samba will say + "Unknown socket option" when you supply an option. This means you + either incorrectly typed it or you need to add an include file + to includes.h for your OS. If the latter is the case please + send the patch to <A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +> samba@samba.org</A +>.</P +><P +>Any of the supported socket options may be combined + in any way you like, as long as your OS allows it.</P +><P +>This is the list of socket options currently settable + using this option:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>SO_KEEPALIVE</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_REUSEADDR</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_BROADCAST</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>TCP_NODELAY</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>IPTOS_LOWDELAY</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>IPTOS_THROUGHPUT</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_SNDBUF *</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_RCVBUF *</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_SNDLOWAT *</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>SO_RCVLOWAT *</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Those marked with a <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>'*'</I +> take an integer + argument. The others can optionally take a 1 or 0 argument to enable + or disable the option, by default they will be enabled if you + don't specify 1 or 0.</P +><P +>To specify an argument use the syntax SOME_OPTION = VALUE + for example <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>SO_SNDBUF = 8192</B +>. Note that you must + not have any spaces before or after the = sign.</P +><P +>If you are on a local network then a sensible option + might be</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</B +></P +><P +>If you have a local network then you could try:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY TCP_NODELAY</B +></P +><P +>If you are on a wide area network then perhaps try + setting IPTOS_THROUGHPUT. </P +><P +>Note that several of the options may cause your Samba + server to fail completely. Use these options with caution!</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>socket options = TCP_NODELAY</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>socket options = IPTOS_LOWDELAY</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SOURCEENVIRONMENT" +></A +>source environment (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter causes Samba to set environment + variables as per the content of the file named.</P +><P +>If the value of this parameter starts with a "|" character + then Samba will treat that value as a pipe command to open and + will set the environment variables from the output of the pipe.</P +><P +>The contents of the file or the output of the pipe should + be formatted as the output of the standard Unix <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>env(1) + </B +> command. This is of the form :</P +><P +>Example environment entry:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>SAMBA_NETBIOS_NAME = myhostname</B +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>No default value</I +></P +><P +>Examples: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>source environment = |/etc/smb.conf.sh + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>source environment = + /usr/local/smb_env_vars</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SPNEGO" +></A +>use spnego (G)</DT +><DD +><P +> This variable controls controls whether samba will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478) with WindowsXP and Windows2000sp2 clients to agree upon an authentication mechanism. As of samba 3.0alpha it must be set to "no" for these clients to join a samba domain controller. It can be set to "yes" to allow samba to participate in an AD domain controlled by a Windows2000 domain controller.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>use spnego = yes</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STATCACHE" +></A +>stat cache (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines if <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +> will use a cache in order to + speed up case insensitive name mappings. You should never need + to change this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>stat cache = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STATCACHESIZE" +></A +>stat cache size (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines the number of + entries in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>stat cache</I +></TT +>. You should + never need to change this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>stat cache size = 50</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STRICTALLOCATE" +></A +>strict allocate (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean that controls the handling of + disk space allocation in the server. When this is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> + the server will change from UNIX behaviour of not committing real + disk storage blocks when a file is extended to the Windows behaviour + of actually forcing the disk system to allocate real storage blocks + when a file is created or extended to be a given size. In UNIX + terminology this means that Samba will stop creating sparse files. + This can be slow on some systems.</P +><P +>When strict allocate is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> the server does sparse + disk block allocation when a file is extended.</P +><P +>Setting this to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> can help Samba return + out of quota messages on systems that are restricting the disk quota + of users.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strict allocate = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STRICTLOCKING" +></A +>strict locking (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean that controls the handling of + file locking in the server. When this is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> + the server will check every read and write access for file locks, and + deny access if locks exist. This can be slow on some systems.</P +><P +>When strict locking is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> the server does file + lock checks only when the client explicitly asks for them.</P +><P +>Well-behaved clients always ask for lock checks when it + is important, so in the vast majority of cases <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strict + locking = no</B +> is preferable.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strict locking = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STRICTSYNC" +></A +>strict sync (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Many Windows applications (including the Windows + 98 explorer shell) seem to confuse flushing buffer contents to + disk with doing a sync to disk. Under UNIX, a sync call forces + the process to be suspended until the kernel has ensured that + all outstanding data in kernel disk buffers has been safely stored + onto stable storage. This is very slow and should only be done + rarely. Setting this parameter to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> (the + default) means that <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> ignores the Windows applications requests for + a sync call. There is only a possibility of losing data if the + operating system itself that Samba is running on crashes, so there is + little danger in this default setting. In addition, this fixes many + performance problems that people have reported with the new Windows98 + explorer shell file copies.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#SYNCALWAYS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>sync + always></I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strict sync = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="STRIPDOT" +></A +>strip dot (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean that controls whether to + strip trailing dots off UNIX filenames. This helps with some + CDROMs that have filenames ending in a single dot.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>strip dot = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SYNCALWAYS" +></A +>sync always (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean parameter that controls + whether writes will always be written to stable storage before + the write call returns. If this is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> then the server will be + guided by the client's request in each write call (clients can + set a bit indicating that a particular write should be synchronous). + If this is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> then every write will be followed by a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fsync() + </B +> call to ensure the data is written to disk. Note that + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strict sync</I +></TT +> parameter must be set to + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> in order for this parameter to have + any affect.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#STRICTSYNC" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>strict + sync</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>sync always = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SYSLOG" +></A +>syslog (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter maps how Samba debug messages + are logged onto the system syslog logging levels. Samba debug + level zero maps onto syslog <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LOG_ERR</TT +>, debug + level one maps onto <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LOG_WARNING</TT +>, debug level + two maps onto <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>LOG_NOTICE</TT +>, debug level three + maps onto LOG_INFO. All higher levels are mapped to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> LOG_DEBUG</TT +>.</P +><P +>This parameter sets the threshold for sending messages + to syslog. Only messages with debug level less than this value + will be sent to syslog.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>syslog = 1</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="SYSLOGONLY" +></A +>syslog only (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is set then Samba debug + messages are logged into the system syslog only, and not to + the debug log files.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>syslog only = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" +></A +>template homedir (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT + user, the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> daemon + uses this parameter to fill in the home directory for that user. + If the string <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%D</I +></TT +> is present it is substituted + with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the string <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%U + </I +></TT +> is present it is substituted with the user's Windows + NT user name.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>template homedir = /home/%D/%U</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TEMPLATESHELL" +></A +>template shell (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT + user, the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> daemon + uses this parameter to fill in the login shell for that user.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>template shell = /bin/false</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TIMEOFFSET" +></A +>time offset (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is a setting in minutes to add + to the normal GMT to local time conversion. This is useful if + you are serving a lot of PCs that have incorrect daylight + saving time handling.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>time offset = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>time offset = 60</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TIMESERVER" +></A +>time server (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter determines if <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> + nmbd(8)</A +> advertises itself as a time server to Windows + clients.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>time server = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TIMESTAMPLOGS" +></A +>timestamp logs (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#DEBUGTIMESTAMP" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> debug timestamp</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="TOTALPRINTJOBS" +></A +>total print jobs (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter accepts an integer value which defines + a limit on the maximum number of print jobs that will be accepted + system wide at any given time. If a print job is submitted + by a client which will exceed this number, then <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd</A +> will return an + error indicating that no space is available on the server. The + default value of 0 means that no such limit exists. This parameter + can be used to prevent a server from exceeding its capacity and is + designed as a printing throttle. See also + <A +HREF="#MAXPRINTJOBS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>max print jobs</I +></TT +></A +>. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>total print jobs = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>total print jobs = 5000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UNICODE" +></A +>unicode (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies whether Samba should try + to use unicode on the wire by default. Note: This does NOT + mean that samba will assume that the unix machine uses unicode! + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unicode = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UNIXCHARSET" +></A +>unix charset (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the charset the unix machine + Samba runs on uses. Samba needs to know this in order to be able to + convert text to the charsets other SMB clients use. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unix charset = ASCII</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unix charset = UTF8</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UNIXEXTENSIONS" +></A +>unix extensions(G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether Samba + implments the CIFS UNIX extensions, as defined by HP. + These extensions enable Samba to better serve UNIX CIFS clients + by supporting features such as symbolic links, hard links, etc... + These extensions require a similarly enabled client, and are of + no current use to Windows clients.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unix extensions = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UNIXPASSWORDSYNC" +></A +>unix password sync (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter controls whether Samba + attempts to synchronize the UNIX password with the SMB password + when the encrypted SMB password in the smbpasswd file is changed. + If this is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> the program specified in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd + program</I +></TT +>parameter is called <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>AS ROOT</I +> - + to allow the new UNIX password to be set without access to the + old UNIX password (as the SMB password change code has no + access to the old password cleartext, only the new).</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#PASSWDPROGRAM" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>passwd + program</I +></TT +></A +>, <A +HREF="#PASSWDCHAT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> passwd chat</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unix password sync = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UPDATEENCRYPTED" +></A +>update encrypted (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter allows a user logging + on with a plaintext password to have their encrypted (hashed) + password in the smbpasswd file to be updated automatically as + they log on. This option allows a site to migrate from plaintext + password authentication (users authenticate with plaintext + password over the wire, and are checked against a UNIX account + database) to encrypted password authentication (the SMB + challenge/response authentication mechanism) without forcing + all users to re-enter their passwords via smbpasswd at the time the + change is made. This is a convenience option to allow the change over + to encrypted passwords to be made over a longer period. Once all users + have encrypted representations of their passwords in the smbpasswd + file this parameter should be set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>.</P +><P +>In order for this parameter to work correctly the <A +HREF="#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>encrypt passwords</I +></TT +> + </A +> parameter must be set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> when + this parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>.</P +><P +>Note that even when this parameter is set a user + authenticating to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> must still enter a valid + password in order to connect correctly, and to update their hashed + (smbpasswd) passwords.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>update encrypted = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USECLIENTDRIVER" +></A +>use client driver (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter applies only to Windows NT/2000 + clients. It has no affect on Windows 95/98/ME clients. When + serving a printer to Windows NT/2000 clients without first installing + a valid printer driver on the Samba host, the client will be required + to install a local printer driver. From this point on, the client + will treat the print as a local printer and not a network printer + connection. This is much the same behavior that will occur + when <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disable spoolss = yes</B +>. </P +><P +>The differentiating + factor is that under normal circumstances, the NT/2000 client will + attempt to open the network printer using MS-RPC. The problem is that + because the client considers the printer to be local, it will attempt + to issue the OpenPrinterEx() call requesting access rights associated + with the logged on user. If the user possesses local administator rights + but not root privilegde on the Samba host (often the case), the OpenPrinterEx() + call will fail. The result is that the client will now display an "Access + Denied; Unable to connect" message in the printer queue window (even though + jobs may successfully be printed). </P +><P +>If this parameter is enabled for a printer, then any attempt + to open the printer with the PRINTER_ACCESS_ADMINISTER right is mapped + to PRINTER_ACCESS_USE instead. Thus allowing the OpenPrinterEx() + call to succeed. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>This parameter MUST not be able enabled + on a print share which has valid print driver installed on the Samba + server.</I +></P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#DISABLESPOOLSS" +>disable spoolss</A +> + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>use client driver = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USEMMAP" +></A +>use mmap (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This global parameter determines if the tdb internals of Samba can + depend on mmap working correctly on the running system. Samba requires a coherent + mmap/read-write system memory cache. Currently only HPUX does not have such a + coherent cache, and so this parameter is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +> by + default on HPUX. On all other systems this parameter should be left alone. This + parameter is provided to help the Samba developers track down problems with + the tdb internal code. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>use mmap = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USERHOSTS" +></A +>use rhosts (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this global parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, it specifies + that the UNIX user's <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.rhosts</TT +> file in their home directory + will be read to find the names of hosts and users who will be allowed + access without specifying a password.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE:</I +> The use of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use rhosts + </I +></TT +> can be a major security hole. This is because you are + trusting the PC to supply the correct username. It is very easy to + get a PC to supply a false username. I recommend that the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> use rhosts</I +></TT +> option be only used if you really know what + you are doing.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>use rhosts = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USER" +></A +>user (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#USERNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> username</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USERS" +></A +>users (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#USERNAME" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> username</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USERNAME" +></A +>username (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Multiple users may be specified in a comma-delimited + list, in which case the supplied password will be tested against + each username in turn (left to right).</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username</I +></TT +> line is needed only when + the PC is unable to supply its own username. This is the case + for the COREPLUS protocol or where your users have different WfWg + usernames to UNIX usernames. In both these cases you may also be + better using the \\server\share%user syntax instead.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username</I +></TT +> line is not a great + solution in many cases as it means Samba will try to validate + the supplied password against each of the usernames in the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username</I +></TT +> line in turn. This is slow and + a bad idea for lots of users in case of duplicate passwords. + You may get timeouts or security breaches using this parameter + unwisely.</P +><P +>Samba relies on the underlying UNIX security. This + parameter does not restrict who can login, it just offers hints + to the Samba server as to what usernames might correspond to the + supplied password. Users can login as whoever they please and + they will be able to do no more damage than if they started a + telnet session. The daemon runs as the user that they log in as, + so they cannot do anything that user cannot do.</P +><P +>To restrict a service to a particular set of users you + can use the <A +HREF="#VALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>valid users + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>If any of the usernames begin with a '@' then the name + will be looked up first in the NIS netgroups list (if Samba + is compiled with netgroup support), followed by a lookup in + the UNIX groups database and will expand to a list of all users + in the group of that name.</P +><P +>If any of the usernames begin with a '+' then the name + will be looked up only in the UNIX groups database and will + expand to a list of all users in the group of that name.</P +><P +>If any of the usernames begin with a '&'then the name + will be looked up only in the NIS netgroups database (if Samba + is compiled with netgroup support) and will expand to a list + of all users in the netgroup group of that name.</P +><P +>Note that searching though a groups database can take + quite some time, and some clients may time out during the + search.</P +><P +>See the section <A +HREF="#AEN238" +>NOTE ABOUT + USERNAME/PASSWORD VALIDATION</A +> for more information on how + this parameter determines access to the services.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>The guest account if a guest service, + else <empty string>.</B +></P +><P +>Examples:<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>username = fred, mary, jack, jane, + @users, @pcgroup</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USERNAMELEVEL" +></A +>username level (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option helps Samba to try and 'guess' at + the real UNIX username, as many DOS clients send an all-uppercase + username. By default Samba tries all lowercase, followed by the + username with the first letter capitalized, and fails if the + username is not found on the UNIX machine.</P +><P +>If this parameter is set to non-zero the behavior changes. + This parameter is a number that specifies the number of uppercase + combinations to try while trying to determine the UNIX user name. The + higher the number the more combinations will be tried, but the slower + the discovery of usernames will be. Use this parameter when you have + strange usernames on your UNIX machine, such as <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>AstrangeUser + </TT +>.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>username level = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>username level = 5</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USERNAMEMAP" +></A +>username map (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to specify a file containing + a mapping of usernames from the clients to the server. This can be + used for several purposes. The most common is to map usernames + that users use on DOS or Windows machines to those that the UNIX + box uses. The other is to map multiple users to a single username + so that they can more easily share files.</P +><P +>The map file is parsed line by line. Each line should + contain a single UNIX username on the left then a '=' followed + by a list of usernames on the right. The list of usernames on the + right may contain names of the form @group in which case they + will match any UNIX username in that group. The special client + name '*' is a wildcard and matches any name. Each line of the + map file may be up to 1023 characters long.</P +><P +>The file is processed on each line by taking the + supplied username and comparing it with each username on the right + hand side of the '=' signs. If the supplied name matches any of + the names on the right hand side then it is replaced with the name + on the left. Processing then continues with the next line.</P +><P +>If any line begins with a '#' or a ';' then it is + ignored</P +><P +>If any line begins with an '!' then the processing + will stop after that line if a mapping was done by the line. + Otherwise mapping continues with every line being processed. + Using '!' is most useful when you have a wildcard mapping line + later in the file.</P +><P +>For example to map from the name <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>admin</TT +> + or <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>administrator</TT +> to the UNIX name <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> root</TT +> you would use:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>root = admin administrator</B +></P +><P +>Or to map anyone in the UNIX group <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>system</TT +> + to the UNIX name <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>sys</TT +> you would use:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>sys = @system</B +></P +><P +>You can have as many mappings as you like in a username + map file.</P +><P +>If your system supports the NIS NETGROUP option then + the netgroup database is checked before the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group + </TT +> database for matching groups.</P +><P +>You can map Windows usernames that have spaces in them + by using double quotes around the name. For example:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>tridge = "Andrew Tridgell"</B +></P +><P +>would map the windows username "Andrew Tridgell" to the + unix username "tridge".</P +><P +>The following example would map mary and fred to the + unix user sys, and map the rest to guest. Note the use of the + '!' to tell Samba to stop processing if it gets a match on + that line.</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> !sys = mary fred + guest = * + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>Note that the remapping is applied to all occurrences + of usernames. Thus if you connect to \\server\fred and <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> fred</TT +> is remapped to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>mary</TT +> then you + will actually be connecting to \\server\mary and will need to + supply a password suitable for <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>mary</TT +> not + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>fred</TT +>. The only exception to this is the + username passed to the <A +HREF="#PASSWORDSERVER" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> password server</I +></TT +></A +> (if you have one). The password + server will receive whatever username the client supplies without + modification.</P +><P +>Also note that no reverse mapping is done. The main effect + this has is with printing. Users who have been mapped may have + trouble deleting print jobs as PrintManager under WfWg will think + they don't own the print job.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no username map</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>username map = /usr/local/samba/lib/users.map + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="USESENDFILE" +></A +>use sendfile (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +>, and Samba + was built with the --with-sendfile-support option, and the underlying operating + system supports sendfile system call, then some SMB read calls (mainly ReadAndX + and ReadRaw) will use the more efficient sendfile system call for files that + are exclusively oplocked. This may make more efficient use of the system CPU's + and cause Samba to be faster. This is off by default as it's effects are unknown + as yet. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>use sendfile = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UTMP" +></A +>utmp (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean parameter is only available if + Samba has been configured and compiled with the option <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-utmp</B +>. If set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> then Samba will attempt + to add utmp or utmpx records (depending on the UNIX system) whenever a + connection is made to a Samba server. Sites may use this to record the + user connecting to a Samba share.</P +><P +>Due to the requirements of the utmp record, we + are required to create a unique identifier for the + incoming user. Enabling this option creates an n^2 + algorithm to find this number. This may impede + performance on large installations. </P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#UTMPDIRECTORY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> utmp directory</I +></TT +></A +> parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>utmp = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="UTMPDIRECTORY" +></A +>utmp directory(G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only available if Samba has + been configured and compiled with the option <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-utmp</B +>. It specifies a directory pathname that is + used to store the utmp or utmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that + record user connections to a Samba server. See also the <A +HREF="#UTMP" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>utmp</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. By default this is + not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the + native system is set to use (usually + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/var/run/utmp</TT +> on Linux).</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no utmp directory</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>utmp directory = /var/run/utmp</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WTMPDIRECTORY" +></A +>wtmp directory(G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only available if Samba has + been configured and compiled with the option <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> --with-utmp</B +>. It specifies a directory pathname that is + used to store the wtmp or wtmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that + record user connections to a Samba server. The difference with + the utmp directory is the fact that user info is kept after a user + has logged out. + + See also the <A +HREF="#UTMP" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>utmp</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. By default this is + not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the + native system is set to use (usually + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/var/run/wtmp</TT +> on Linux).</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no wtmp directory</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wtmp directory = /var/log/wtmp</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VALIDUSERS" +></A +>valid users (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users that should be allowed + to login to this service. Names starting with '@', '+' and '&' + are interpreted using the same rules as described in the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>invalid users</I +></TT +> parameter.</P +><P +>If this is empty (the default) then any user can login. + If a username is in both this list and the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>invalid + users</I +></TT +> list then access is denied for that user.</P +><P +>The current servicename is substituted for <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>%S + </I +></TT +>. This is useful in the [homes] section.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#INVALIDUSERS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>invalid users + </I +></TT +></A +></P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>No valid users list (anyone can login) + </I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>valid users = greg, @pcusers</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VETOFILES" +></A +>veto files(S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of files and directories that + are neither visible nor accessible. Each entry in the list must + be separated by a '/', which allows spaces to be included + in the entry. '*' and '?' can be used to specify multiple files + or directories as in DOS wildcards.</P +><P +>Each entry must be a unix path, not a DOS path and + must <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> include the unix directory + separator '/'.</P +><P +>Note that the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>case sensitive</I +></TT +> option + is applicable in vetoing files.</P +><P +>One feature of the veto files parameter that it + is important to be aware of is Samba's behaviour when + trying to delete a directory. If a directory that is + to be deleted contains nothing but veto files this + deletion will <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>fail</I +> unless you also set + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>delete veto files</I +></TT +> parameter to + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>yes</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>Setting this parameter will affect the performance + of Samba, as it will be forced to check all files and directories + for a match as they are scanned.</P +><P +>See also <A +HREF="#HIDEFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hide files + </I +></TT +></A +> and <A +HREF="#CASESENSITIVE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> case sensitive</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>No files or directories are vetoed. + </I +></P +><P +>Examples:<TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="90%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>; Veto any files containing the word Security, ; any ending in .tmp, and any directory containing the ; word root. veto files = /*Security*/*.tmp/*root*/ ; Veto the Apple specific files that a NetAtalk server ; creates. -veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/ -</pre></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VETOOPLOCKFILES"></a>veto oplock files (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only valid when the <a href="#OPLOCKS"> - <i><tt>oplocks</tt></i></a> - parameter is turned on for a share. It allows the Samba administrator - to selectively turn off the granting of oplocks on selected files that - match a wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the - <a href="#VETOFILES"><i><tt>veto files</tt></i></a> - parameter.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>No files are vetoed for oplock grants</em></span></p><p>You might want to do this on files that you know will - be heavily contended for by clients. A good example of this - is in the NetBench SMB benchmark program, which causes heavy - client contention for files ending in <tt>.SEM</tt>. - To cause Samba not to grant oplocks on these files you would use - the line (either in the [global] section or in the section for - the particular NetBench share :</p><p>Example: <b>veto oplock files = /*.SEM/</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VFSOBJECT"></a>vfs object (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies a shared object files that - are used for Samba VFS I/O operations. By default, normal - disk I/O operations are used but these can be overloaded - with one or more VFS objects. </p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no value</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VFSOPTIONS"></a>vfs options (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows parameters to be passed - to the vfs layer at initialization time. - See also <a href="#VFSOBJECT"><i><tt> - vfs object</tt></i></a>.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no value</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VFSPATH"></a>vfs path (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the directory - to look in for vfs modules. The name of every <b>vfs object - </b> will be prepended by this directory.</p><p>Default: <b>vfs path = </b></p><p>Example: <b>vfs path = /usr/lib/samba/vfs</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="VOLUME"></a>volume (S)</span></dt><dd><p> This allows you to override the volume label - returned for a share. Useful for CDROMs with installation programs - that insist on a particular volume label.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>the name of the share</em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WIDELINKS"></a>wide links (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls whether or not links - in the UNIX file system may be followed by the server. Links - that point to areas within the directory tree exported by the - server are always allowed; this parameter controls access only - to areas that are outside the directory tree being exported.</p><p>Note that setting this parameter can have a negative - effect on your server performance due to the extra system calls - that Samba has to do in order to perform the link checks.</p><p>Default: <b>wide links = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDCACHETIME"></a>winbind cache time (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the number of - seconds the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon will cache - user and group information before querying a Windows NT server - again.</p><p>Default: <b>winbind cache type = 15</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDENUMGROUPS"></a>winbind enum groups (G)</span></dt><dd><p>On large installations using <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> it may be necessary to suppress - the enumeration of groups through the <b>setgrent()</b>, - <b>getgrent()</b> and - <b>endgrent()</b> group of system calls. If - the <i><tt>winbind enum groups</tt></i> parameter is - <tt>no</tt>, calls to the <b>getgrent()</b> system - call will not return any data. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Warning:</em></span> Turning off group - enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. - </p><p>Default: <b>winbind enum groups = yes </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDENUMUSERS"></a>winbind enum users (G)</span></dt><dd><p>On large installations using <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> it may be - necessary to suppress the enumeration of users through the <b>setpwent()</b>, - <b>getpwent()</b> and - <b>endpwent()</b> group of system calls. If - the <i><tt>winbind enum users</tt></i> parameter is - <tt>no</tt>, calls to the <b>getpwent</b> system call - will not return any data. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Warning:</em></span> Turning off user - enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. For - example, the finger program relies on having access to the - full user list when searching for matching - usernames. </p><p>Default: <b>winbind enum users = yes </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDGID"></a>winbind gid (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group - ids that are allocated by the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon. This range of group ids should have no - existing local or NIS groups within it as strange conflicts can - occur otherwise.</p><p>Default: <b>winbind gid = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>winbind gid = 10000-20000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDSEPARATOR"></a>winbind separator (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter allows an admin to define the character - used when listing a username of the form of <i><tt>DOMAIN - </tt></i>\<i><tt>user</tt></i>. This parameter - is only applicable when using the <tt>pam_winbind.so</tt> - and <tt>nss_winbind.so</tt> modules for UNIX services. - </p><p>Please note that setting this parameter to + causes problems - with group membership at least on glibc systems, as the character + - is used as a special character for NIS in /etc/group.</p><p>Default: <b>winbind separator = '\'</b></p><p>Example: <b>winbind separator = +</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDUID"></a>winbind uid (G)</span></dt><dd><p>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group - ids that are allocated by the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon. This range of ids should have no - existing local or NIS users within it as strange conflicts can - occur otherwise.</p><p>Default: <b>winbind uid = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>winbind uid = 10000-20000</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINBINDUSEDDEFAULTDOMAIN"></a>winbind used default domain (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies whether the - <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon should operate on users - without domain component in their username. Users without a domain - component are treated as is part of the winbindd server's own - domain. While this does not benifit Windows users, it makes SSH, FTP and - e-mail function in a way much closer to the way they - would in a native unix system.</p><p>Default: <b>winbind use default domain = <no></b></p><p>Example: <b>winbind use default domain = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINSHOOK"></a>wins hook (G)</span></dt><dd><p>When Samba is running as a WINS server this - allows you to call an external program for all changes to the - WINS database. The primary use for this option is to allow the - dynamic update of external name resolution databases such as - dynamic DNS.</p><p>The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script - or executable that will be called as follows:</p><p><b>wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list</b></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The first argument is the operation and is - one of "add", "delete", or - "refresh". In most cases the operation - can be ignored as the rest of the parameters - provide sufficient information. Note that - "refresh" may sometimes be called when - the name has not previously been added, in that - case it should be treated as an add.</p></li><li><p>The second argument is the NetBIOS name. If the +veto files = /.AppleDouble/.bin/.AppleDesktop/Network Trash Folder/</PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VETOOPLOCKFILES" +></A +>veto oplock files (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only valid when the <A +HREF="#OPLOCKS" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>oplocks</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter is turned on for a share. It allows the Samba administrator + to selectively turn off the granting of oplocks on selected files that + match a wildcarded list, similar to the wildcarded list used in the + <A +HREF="#VETOFILES" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>veto files</I +></TT +></A +> + parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>No files are vetoed for oplock + grants</I +></P +><P +>You might want to do this on files that you know will + be heavily contended for by clients. A good example of this + is in the NetBench SMB benchmark program, which causes heavy + client contention for files ending in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>.SEM</TT +>. + To cause Samba not to grant oplocks on these files you would use + the line (either in the [global] section or in the section for + the particular NetBench share :</P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>veto oplock files = /*.SEM/ + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VFSPATH" +></A +>vfs path (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the directory + to look in for vfs modules. The name of every <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vfs object + </B +> will be prepended by this directory + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vfs path = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vfs path = /usr/lib/samba/vfs</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VFSOBJECT" +></A +>vfs object (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies a shared object files that + are used for Samba VFS I/O operations. By default, normal + disk I/O operations are used but these can be overloaded + with one or more VFS objects. </P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no value</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VFSOPTIONS" +></A +>vfs options (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows parameters to be passed + to the vfs layer at initialization time. + See also <A +HREF="#VFSOBJECT" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> vfs object</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +><P +>Default : <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>no value</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="VOLUME" +></A +>volume (S)</DT +><DD +><P +> This allows you to override the volume label + returned for a share. Useful for CDROMs with installation programs + that insist on a particular volume label.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>the name of the share</I +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WIDELINKS" +></A +>wide links (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls whether or not links + in the UNIX file system may be followed by the server. Links + that point to areas within the directory tree exported by the + server are always allowed; this parameter controls access only + to areas that are outside the directory tree being exported.</P +><P +>Note that setting this parameter can have a negative + effect on your server performance due to the extra system calls + that Samba has to do in order to perform the link checks.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wide links = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDCACHETIME" +></A +>winbind cache time (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the number of seconds the + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> daemon will cache + user and group information before querying a Windows NT server + again.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind cache type = 15</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDENUMUSERS" +></A +>winbind enum users (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>On large installations using + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> it may be + necessary to suppress the enumeration of users through the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> setpwent()</B +>, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getpwent()</B +> and + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>endpwent()</B +> group of system calls. If + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum users</I +></TT +> parameter is + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>, calls to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getpwent</B +> system call + will not return any data. </P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Warning:</I +> Turning off user + enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. For + example, the finger program relies on having access to the + full user list when searching for matching + usernames. </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind enum users = yes </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDENUMGROUPS" +></A +>winbind enum groups (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>On large installations using + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> it may be + necessary to suppress the enumeration of groups through the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> setgrent()</B +>, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getgrent()</B +> and + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>endgrent()</B +> group of system calls. If + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum groups</I +></TT +> parameter is + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>no</TT +>, calls to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getgrent()</B +> system + call will not return any data. </P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Warning:</I +> Turning off group + enumeration may cause some programs to behave oddly. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind enum groups = yes </B +> + </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDGID" +></A +>winbind gid (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group + ids that are allocated by the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> winbindd(8)</A +> daemon. This range of group ids should have no + existing local or NIS groups within it as strange conflicts can + occur otherwise.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind gid = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind gid = 10000-20000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDSEPARATOR" +></A +>winbind separator (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter allows an admin to define the character + used when listing a username of the form of <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>DOMAIN + </I +></TT +>\<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>user</I +></TT +>. This parameter + is only applicable when using the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_winbind.so</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>nss_winbind.so</TT +> modules for UNIX services. + </P +><P +>Please note that setting this parameter to + causes problems + with group membership at least on glibc systems, as the character + + is used as a special character for NIS in /etc/group.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind separator = '\'</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind separator = +</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINBINDUID" +></A +>winbind uid (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group + ids that are allocated by the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> winbindd(8)</A +> daemon. This range of ids should have no + existing local or NIS users within it as strange conflicts can + occur otherwise.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind uid = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind uid = 10000-20000</B +></P +></DD +><DT +>winbind use default domain, <A +NAME="WINBINDUSEDEFAULTDOMAIN" +></A +>winbind use default domain (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies whether the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> winbindd(8)</A +> + daemon should operate on users without domain component in their username. + Users without a domain component are treated as is part of the winbindd server's + own domain. While this does not benifit Windows users, it makes SSH, FTP and e-mail + function in a way much closer to the way they would in a native unix system.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind use default domain = <no> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind use default domain = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINSHOOK" +></A +>wins hook (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>When Samba is running as a WINS server this + allows you to call an external program for all changes to the + WINS database. The primary use for this option is to allow the + dynamic update of external name resolution databases such as + dynamic DNS.</P +><P +>The wins hook parameter specifies the name of a script + or executable that will be called as follows:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins_hook operation name nametype ttl IP_list + </B +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The first argument is the operation and is one + of "add", "delete", or "refresh". In most cases the operation can + be ignored as the rest of the parameters provide sufficient + information. Note that "refresh" may sometimes be called when the + name has not previously been added, in that case it should be treated + as an add.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The second argument is the NetBIOS name. If the name is not a legal name then the wins hook is not called. Legal names contain only letters, digits, hyphens, underscores - and periods.</p></li><li><p>The third argument is the NetBIOS name - type as a 2 digit hexadecimal number. </p></li><li><p>The fourth argument is the TTL (time to live) - for the name in seconds.</p></li><li><p>The fifth and subsequent arguments are the IP + and periods.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The third argument is the NetBIOS name + type as a 2 digit hexadecimal number. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The fourth argument is the TTL (time to live) + for the name in seconds.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The fifth and subsequent arguments are the IP addresses currently registered for that name. If this list is - empty then the name should be deleted.</p></li></ul></div><p>An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update - program <b>nsupdate</b> is provided in the examples - directory of the Samba source code. </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINSPARTNER"></a>wins partner (G)</span></dt><dd><p>A space separated list of partners' IP addresses for - WINS replication. WINS partners are always defined as push/pull - partners as defining only one way WINS replication is unreliable. - WINS replication is currently experimental and unreliable between - samba servers. - </p><p>Default: <b>wins partners = </b></p><p>Example: <b>wins partners = 192.168.0.1 172.16.1.2</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINSPROXY"></a>wins proxy (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a boolean that controls if <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> will respond to broadcast name - queries on behalf of other hosts. You may need to set this - to <tt>yes</tt> for some older clients.</p><p>Default: <b>wins proxy = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINSSERVER"></a>wins server (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP - address for preference) of the WINS server that <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> should register with. If you have a WINS server on - your network then you should set this to the WINS server's IP.</p><p>You should point this at your WINS server if you have a - multi-subnetted network.</p><p>If you want to work in multiple namespaces, you can - give every wins server a 'tag'. For each tag, only one - (working) server will be queried for a name. The tag should be - seperated from the ip address by a colon. - </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>You need to set up Samba to point - to a WINS server if you have multiple subnets and wish cross-subnet - browsing to work correctly.</p></div><p>See the documentation file <a href="improved-browsing.html" target="_top">Browsing</a> in the samba howto collection.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>not enabled</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>wins server = mary:192.9.200.1 fred:192.168.3.199 mary:192.168.2.61</b></p><p>For this example when querying a certain name, 192.19.200.1 will - be asked first and if that doesn't respond 192.168.2.61. If either - of those doesn't know the name 192.168.3.199 will be queried. - </p><p>Example: <b>wins server = 192.9.200.1 192.168.2.61</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WINSSUPPORT"></a>wins support (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This boolean controls if the <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> process in Samba will act as a WINS server. You should - not set this to <tt>yes</tt> unless you have a multi-subnetted network and - you wish a particular <b>nmbd</b> to be your WINS server. - Note that you should <span class="emphasis"><em>NEVER</em></span> set this to <tt>yes</tt> - on more than one machine in your network.</p><p>Default: <b>wins support = no</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WORKGROUP"></a>workgroup (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This controls what workgroup your server will - appear to be in when queried by clients. Note that this parameter - also controls the Domain name used with - the <a href="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN"><b>security = domain</b></a> - setting.</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>set at compile time to WORKGROUP</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>workgroup = MYGROUP</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITABLE"></a>writable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Synonym for <a href="#WRITEABLE"><i><tt> - writeable</tt></i></a> for people who can't spell :-).</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITEABLE"></a>writeable (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Inverted synonym for <a href="#READONLY"> - <i><tt>read only</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITECACHESIZE"></a>write cache size (S)</span></dt><dd><p>If this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, - Samba will create an in-memory cache for each oplocked file - (it does <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> do this for - non-oplocked files). All writes that the client does not request - to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache if possible. - The cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in whose offset - would not fit into the cache or when the file is closed by the client. - Reads for the file are also served from this cache if the data is stored - within it.</p><p>This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more - efficient write size for RAID disks (i.e. writes may be tuned to - be the RAID stripe size) and can improve performance on systems - where the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but there is free - memory for userspace programs.</p><p>The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache - (per oplocked file) in bytes.</p><p>Default: <b>write cache size = 0</b></p><p>Example: <b>write cache size = 262144</b></p><p>for a 256k cache size per file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITELIST"></a>write list (S)</span></dt><dd><p>This is a list of users that are given read-write - access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then - they will be given write access, no matter what the <a href="#READONLY"> - <i><tt>read only</tt></i></a> - option is set to. The list can include group names using the - @group syntax.</p><p>Note that if a user is in both the read list and the - write list then they will be given write access.</p><p>See also the <a href="#READLIST"><i><tt>read list - </tt></i></a> option.</p><p>Default: <b>write list = <empty string></b></p><p>Example: <b>write list = admin, root, @staff</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITEOK"></a>write ok (S)</span></dt><dd><p>Inverted synonym for <a href="#READONLY"> - <i><tt>read only</tt></i></a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WRITERAW"></a>write raw (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter controls whether or not the server - will support raw write SMB's when transferring data from clients. - You should never need to change this parameter.</p><p>Default: <b>write raw = yes</b></p></dd><dt><span class="term"><a name="WTMPDIRECTORY"></a>wtmp directory (G)</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba has - been configured and compiled with the option <b> - --with-utmp</b>. It specifies a directory pathname that is - used to store the wtmp or wtmpx files (depending on the UNIX system) that - record user connections to a Samba server. The difference with - the utmp directory is the fact that user info is kept after a user - has logged out.</p><p>See also the <a href="#UTMP"> - <i><tt>utmp</tt></i></a> parameter. By default this is - not set, meaning the system will use whatever utmp file the - native system is set to use (usually - <tt>/var/run/wtmp</tt> on Linux).</p><p>Default: <span class="emphasis"><em>no wtmp directory</em></span></p><p>Example: <b>wtmp directory = /var/log/wtmp</b></p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>WARNINGS</h2><p>Although the configuration file permits service names + empty then the name should be deleted.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>An example script that calls the BIND dynamic DNS update + program <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nsupdate</B +> is provided in the examples + directory of the Samba source code. </P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINSPROXY" +></A +>wins proxy (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a boolean that controls if <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> will respond to broadcast name + queries on behalf of other hosts. You may need to set this + to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> for some older clients.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins proxy = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINSSERVER" +></A +>wins server (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies the IP address (or DNS name: IP + address for preference) of the WINS server that <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> nmbd(8)</A +> should register with. If you have a WINS server on + your network then you should set this to the WINS server's IP.</P +><P +>You should point this at your WINS server if you have a + multi-subnetted network.</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE</I +>. You need to set up Samba to point + to a WINS server if you have multiple subnets and wish cross-subnet + browsing to work correctly.</P +><P +>See the documentation file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>BROWSING.txt</TT +> + in the docs/ directory of your Samba source distribution.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not enabled</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins server = 192.9.200.1</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINSSUPPORT" +></A +>wins support (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This boolean controls if the <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> + nmbd(8)</A +> process in Samba will act as a WINS server. You should + not set this to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> unless you have a multi-subnetted network and + you wish a particular <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> to be your WINS server. + Note that you should <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NEVER</I +> set this to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>yes</TT +> + on more than one machine in your network.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins support = no</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WORKGROUP" +></A +>workgroup (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This controls what workgroup your server will + appear to be in when queried by clients. Note that this parameter + also controls the Domain name used with the <A +HREF="#SECURITYEQUALSDOMAIN" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>security = domain</B +></A +> + setting.</P +><P +>Default: <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>set at compile time to WORKGROUP</I +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>workgroup = MYGROUP</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITABLE" +></A +>writable (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Synonym for <A +HREF="#WRITEABLE" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> writeable</I +></TT +></A +> for people who can't spell :-).</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITECACHESIZE" +></A +>write cache size (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>If this integer parameter is set to non-zero value, + Samba will create an in-memory cache for each oplocked file + (it does <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +> do this for + non-oplocked files). All writes that the client does not request + to be flushed directly to disk will be stored in this cache if possible. + The cache is flushed onto disk when a write comes in whose offset + would not fit into the cache or when the file is closed by the client. + Reads for the file are also served from this cache if the data is stored + within it.</P +><P +>This cache allows Samba to batch client writes into a more + efficient write size for RAID disks (i.e. writes may be tuned to + be the RAID stripe size) and can improve performance on systems + where the disk subsystem is a bottleneck but there is free + memory for userspace programs.</P +><P +>The integer parameter specifies the size of this cache + (per oplocked file) in bytes.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write cache size = 0</B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write cache size = 262144</B +></P +><P +>for a 256k cache size per file.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITELIST" +></A +>write list (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>This is a list of users that are given read-write + access to a service. If the connecting user is in this list then + they will be given write access, no matter what the <A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read only</I +></TT +></A +> + option is set to. The list can include group names using the + @group syntax.</P +><P +>Note that if a user is in both the read list and the + write list then they will be given write access.</P +><P +>See also the <A +HREF="#READLIST" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>read list + </I +></TT +></A +> option.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write list = <empty string> + </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write list = admin, root, @staff + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WINSPARTNERS" +></A +>wins partners (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>A space separated list of partners' IP addresses for + WINS replication. WINS partners are always defined as push/pull + partners as defining only one way WINS replication is unreliable. + WINS replication is currently experimental and unreliable between + samba servers. + </P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins partners = </B +></P +><P +>Example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wins partners = 192.168.0.1 172.16.1.2</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITEOK" +></A +>write ok (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Inverted synonym for <A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> read only</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITERAW" +></A +>write raw (G)</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter controls whether or not the server + will support raw write SMB's when transferring data from clients. + You should never need to change this parameter.</P +><P +>Default: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write raw = yes</B +></P +></DD +><DT +><A +NAME="WRITEABLE" +></A +>writeable (S)</DT +><DD +><P +>Inverted synonym for <A +HREF="#READONLY" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> read only</I +></TT +></A +>.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN6215" +></A +><H2 +>WARNINGS</H2 +><P +>Although the configuration file permits service names to contain spaces, your client software may not. Spaces will be ignored in comparisons anyway, so it shouldn't be a - problem - but be aware of the possibility.</p><p>On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - - limit service names to eight characters. <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> has no such limitation, but attempts to connect from such + problem - but be aware of the possibility.</P +><P +>On a similar note, many clients - especially DOS clients - + limit service names to eight characters. <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8) + </A +> has no such limitation, but attempts to connect from such clients will fail if they truncate the service names. For this reason you should probably keep your service names down to eight characters - in length.</p><p>Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life + in length.</P +><P +>Use of the [homes] and [printers] special sections make life for an administrator easy, but the various combinations of default attributes can be tricky. Take extreme care when designing these sections. In particular, ensure that the permissions on spool - directories are correct.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p> - <a href="samba.7.html">samba(7)</a>, <a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a>, <a href="swat.8.html">swat(8)</a>, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, <a href="nmblookup.1.html">nmblookup(1)</a>, <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a>, <a href="testprns.1.html">testprns(1)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + directories are correct.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN6221" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN6224" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +>, + <A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="swat.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="nmblookup.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup(1)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm(1)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="testprns.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns(1)</B +></A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN6244" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbcacls.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbcacls.1.html index f987680f33..e0425d481d 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbcacls.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbcacls.1.html @@ -1,95 +1,415 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbcacls</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbcacls.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbcacls — Set or get ACLs on an NT file or directory names</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbcacls</tt> {//server/share} {filename} [-D acls] [-M acls] [-A acls] [-S acls] [-C name] [-G name] [-n] [-t] [-U username] [-h] [-d]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>The <b>smbcacls</b> program manipulates NT Access Control - Lists (ACLs) on SMB file shares. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><p>The following options are available to the <b>smbcacls</b> program. - The format of ACLs is described in the section ACL FORMAT </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-A acls</span></dt><dd><p>Add the ACLs specified to the ACL list. Existing - access control entries are unchanged. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-M acls</span></dt><dd><p>Modify the mask value (permissions) for the ACLs +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbcacls</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBCACLS" +></A +>smbcacls</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbcacls -- Set or get ACLs on an NT file or directory names</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> {//server/share} {filename} [-U username] [-A acls] [-M acls] [-D acls] [-S acls] [-C name] [-G name] [-n] [-h]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN22" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> program manipulates NT Access Control + Lists (ACLs) on SMB file shares. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN28" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +>The following options are available to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> program. + The format of ACLs is described in the section ACL FORMAT </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-A acls</DT +><DD +><P +>Add the ACLs specified to the ACL list. Existing + access control entries are unchanged. </P +></DD +><DT +>-M acls</DT +><DD +><P +>Modify the mask value (permissions) for the ACLs specified on the command line. An error will be printed for each ACL specified that was not already present in the ACL list - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-D acls</span></dt><dd><p>Delete any ACLs specified on the command line. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-D acls</DT +><DD +><P +>Delete any ACLs specified on the command line. An error will be printed for each ACL specified that was not - already present in the ACL list. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S acls</span></dt><dd><p>This command sets the ACLs on the file with + already present in the ACL list. </P +></DD +><DT +>-S acls</DT +><DD +><P +>This command sets the ACLs on the file with only the ones specified on the command line. All other ACLs are erased. Note that the ACL specified must contain at least a revision, - type, owner and group for the call to succeed. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U username</span></dt><dd><p>Specifies a username used to connect to the - specified service. The username may be of the form "username" in + type, owner and group for the call to succeed. </P +></DD +><DT +>-U username</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies a username used to connect to the + specified service. The username may be of the form "username" in which case the user is prompted to enter in a password and the - workgroup specified in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file is - used, or "username%password" or "DOMAIN\username%password" and the - password and workgroup names are used as provided. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-C name</span></dt><dd><p>The owner of a file or directory can be changed - to the name given using the <i><tt>-C</tt></i> option. + workgroup specified in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file is + used, or "username%password" or "DOMAIN\username%password" and the + password and workgroup names are used as provided. </P +></DD +><DT +>-C name</DT +><DD +><P +>The owner of a file or directory can be changed + to the name given using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-C</I +></TT +> option. The name can be a sid in the form S-1-x-y-z or a name resolved - against the server specified in the first argument. </p><p>This command is a shortcut for -M OWNER:name. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-G name</span></dt><dd><p>The group owner of a file or directory can - be changed to the name given using the <i><tt>-G</tt></i> + against the server specified in the first argument. </P +><P +>This command is a shortcut for -M OWNER:name. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-G name</DT +><DD +><P +>The group owner of a file or directory can + be changed to the name given using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-G</I +></TT +> option. The name can be a sid in the form S-1-x-y-z or a name resolved against the server specified n the first argument. - </p><p>This command is a shortcut for -M GROUP:name.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n</span></dt><dd><p>This option displays all ACL information in numeric + </P +><P +>This command is a shortcut for -M GROUP:name.</P +></DD +><DT +>-n</DT +><DD +><P +>This option displays all ACL information in numeric format. The default is to convert SIDs to names and ACE types - and masks to a readable string format. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t</span></dt><dd><p> - Don't actually do anything, only validate the correctness of - the arguments. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>ACL FORMAT</h2><p>The format of an ACL is one or more ACL entries separated by - either commas or newlines. An ACL entry is one of the following: </p><pre class="programlisting"> + and masks to a readable string format. </P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Print usage information on the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls + </B +> program.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN75" +></A +><H2 +>ACL FORMAT</H2 +><P +>The format of an ACL is one or more ACL entries separated by + either commas or newlines. An ACL entry is one of the following: </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> REVISION:<revision number> OWNER:<sid or name> GROUP:<sid or name> ACL:<sid or name>:<type>/<flags>/<mask> -</pre><p>The revision of the ACL specifies the internal Windows + </PRE +></P +><P +>The revision of the ACL specifies the internal Windows NT ACL revision for the security descriptor. If not specified it defaults to 1. Using values other than 1 may - cause strange behaviour. </p><p>The owner and group specify the owner and group sids for the + cause strange behaviour. </P +><P +>The owner and group specify the owner and group sids for the object. If a SID in the format CWS-1-x-y-z is specified this is used, otherwise the name specified is resolved using the server on which - the file or directory resides. </p><p>ACLs specify permissions granted to the SID. This SID again - can be specified in CWS-1-x-y-z format or as a name in which case - it is resolved against the server on which the file or directory - resides. The type, flags and mask values determine the type of - access granted to the SID. </p><p>The type can be either 0 or 1 corresponding to ALLOWED or - DENIED access to the SID. The flags values are generally - zero for file ACLs and either 9 or 2 for directory ACLs. Some - common flags are: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_OBJECT_INHERIT 0x1</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_CONTAINER_INHERIT 0x2</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_NO_PROPAGATE_INHERIT 0x4</tt></p></li><li><p><tt>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_INHERIT_ONLY 0x8</tt></p></li></ul></div><p>At present flags can only be specified as decimal or - hexadecimal values.</p><p>The mask is a value which expresses the access right + the file or directory resides. </P +><P +>ACLs specify permissions granted to the SID. This SID again + can be specified in CWS-1-x-y-z format or as a name in which case + it is resolved against the server on which the file or directory + resides. The type, flags and mask values determine the type of + access granted to the SID. </P +><P +>The type can be either 0 or 1 corresponding to ALLOWED or + DENIED access to the SID. The flags values are generally + zero for file ACLs and either 9 or 2 for directory ACLs. Some + common flags are: </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_OBJECT_INHERIT 0x1</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_CONTAINER_INHERIT 0x2</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_NO_PROPAGATE_INHERIT 0x4 + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>#define SEC_ACE_FLAG_INHERIT_ONLY 0x8</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>At present flags can only be specified as decimal or + hexadecimal values.</P +><P +>The mask is a value which expresses the access right granted to the SID. It can be given as a decimal or hexadecimal value, or by using one of the following text strings which map to the NT - file permissions of the same name. </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>R</em></span> - Allow read access </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>W</em></span> - Allow write access</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>X</em></span> - Execute permission on the object</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>D</em></span> - Delete the object</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>P</em></span> - Change permissions</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>O</em></span> - Take ownership</p></li></ul></div><p>The following combined permissions can be specified:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>READ</em></span> - Equivalent to 'RX' - permissions</p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>CHANGE</em></span> - Equivalent to 'RXWD' permissions - </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>FULL</em></span> - Equivalent to 'RWXDPO' - permissions</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXIT STATUS</h2><p>The <b>smbcacls</b> program sets the exit status + file permissions of the same name. </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>R</I +></SPAN +> - Allow read access </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>W</I +></SPAN +> - Allow write access</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>X</I +></SPAN +> - Execute permission on the object</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>D</I +></SPAN +> - Delete the object</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>P</I +></SPAN +> - Change permissions</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>O</I +></SPAN +> - Take ownership</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The following combined permissions can be specified:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>READ</I +></SPAN +> - Equivalent to 'RX' + permissions</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>CHANGE</I +></SPAN +> - Equivalent to 'RXWD' permissions + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>FULL</I +></SPAN +> - Equivalent to 'RWXDPO' + permissions</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN125" +></A +><H2 +>EXIT STATUS</H2 +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> program sets the exit status depending on the success or otherwise of the operations performed. - The exit status may be one of the following values. </p><p>If the operation succeeded, smbcacls returns and exit - status of 0. If <b>smbcacls</b> couldn't connect to the specified server, + The exit status may be one of the following values. </P +><P +>If the operation succeeded, smbcacls returns and exit + status of 0. If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> couldn't connect to the specified server, or there was an error getting or setting the ACLs, an exit status of 1 is returned. If there was an error parsing any command line - arguments, an exit status of 2 is returned. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + arguments, an exit status of 2 is returned. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN131" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN134" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p><b>smbcacls</b> was written by Andrew Tridgell - and Tim Potter.</p><p>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done - by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcacls</B +> was written by Andrew Tridgell + and Tim Potter.</P +><P +>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbclient.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbclient.1.html index 49f00fb2db..ca8cafd312 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbclient.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbclient.1.html @@ -1,424 +1,1645 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbclient</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbclient.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbclient — ftp-like client to access SMB/CIFS resources - on servers</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbclient</tt> {servicename} [password] [-b <buffer size>] [-d debuglevel] [-D Directory] [-U username] [-W workgroup] [-M <netbios name>] [-m maxprotocol] [-A authfile] [-N] [-l logfile] [-L <netbios name>] [-I destinationIP] [-E] [-c <command string>] [-i scope] [-O <socket options>] [-p port] [-R <name resolve order>] [-s <smb config file>] [-T<c|x>IXFqgbNan] [-k]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbclient</b> is a client that can +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbclient</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBCLIENT" +></A +>smbclient</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbclient -- ftp-like client to access SMB/CIFS resources + on servers</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> {servicename} [password] [-b <buffer size>] [-d debuglevel] [-D Directory] [-U username] [-W workgroup] [-M <netbios name>] [-m maxprotocol] [-A authfile] [-N] [-l logfile] [-L <netbios name>] [-I destinationIP] [-E] [-c <command string>] [-i scope] [-O <socket options>] [-p port] [-R <name resolve order>] [-s <smb config file>] [-T<c|x>IXFqgbNan]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN33" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> is a client that can 'talk' to an SMB/CIFS server. It offers an interface - similar to that of the ftp program (see <a href="ftp.1.html">ftp(1)</a>). + similar to that of the ftp program (see <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ftp(1)</B +>). Operations include things like getting files from the server to the local machine, putting files from the local machine to the server, retrieving directory information from the server - and so on. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">servicename</span></dt><dd><p>servicename is the name of the service + and so on. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN40" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>servicename</DT +><DD +><P +>servicename is the name of the service you want to use on the server. A service name takes the form - <tt>//server/service</tt> where <i><tt>server - </tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server - offering the desired service and <i><tt>service</tt></i> + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>//server/service</TT +> where <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>server + </I +></TT +> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server + offering the desired service and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>service</I +></TT +> is the name of the service offered. Thus to connect to - the service "printer" on the SMB/CIFS server "smbserver", - you would use the servicename <tt>//smbserver/printer - </tt></p><p>Note that the server name required is NOT necessarily + the service "printer" on the SMB/CIFS server "smbserver", + you would use the servicename <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>//smbserver/printer + </TT +></P +><P +>Note that the server name required is NOT necessarily the IP (DNS) host name of the server ! The name required is a NetBIOS server name, which may or may not be the same as the IP hostname of the machine running the server. - </p><p>The server name is looked up according to either - the <i><tt>-R</tt></i> parameter to <b>smbclient</b> or - using the name resolve order parameter in - the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file, + </P +><P +>The server name is looked up according to either + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-R</I +></TT +> parameter to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> or + using the name resolve order parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file, allowing an administrator to change the order and methods - by which server names are looked up. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">password</span></dt><dd><p>The password required to access the specified + by which server names are looked up. </P +></DD +><DT +>password</DT +><DD +><P +>The password required to access the specified service on the specified server. If this parameter is - supplied, the <i><tt>-N</tt></i> option (suppress - password prompt) is assumed. </p><p>There is no default password. If no password is supplied + supplied, the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-N</I +></TT +> option (suppress + password prompt) is assumed. </P +><P +>There is no default password. If no password is supplied on the command line (either by using this parameter or adding - a password to the <i><tt>-U</tt></i> option (see - below)) and the <i><tt>-N</tt></i> option is not + a password to the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-U</I +></TT +> option (see + below)) and the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-N</I +></TT +> option is not specified, the client will prompt for a password, even if the desired service does not require one. (If no password is required, simply press ENTER to provide a null password.) - </p><p>Note: Some servers (including OS/2 and Windows for + </P +><P +>Note: Some servers (including OS/2 and Windows for Workgroups) insist on an uppercase password. Lowercase or mixed case passwords may be rejected by these servers. - </p><p>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-R <name resolve order></span></dt><dd><p>This option is used by the programs in the Samba + </P +><P +>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-s smb.conf</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the location of the all important + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. </P +></DD +><DT +>-O socket options</DT +><DD +><P +>TCP socket options to set on the client + socket. See the socket options parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf (5)</TT +> manpage for the list of valid + options. </P +></DD +><DT +>-R <name resolve order></DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used by the programs in the Samba suite to determine what naming services and in what order to resolve host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space-separated - string of different name resolution options.</p><p>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They - cause names to be resolved as follows:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>lmhosts</tt>: Lookup an IP + string of different name resolution options.</P +><P +>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They + cause names to be resolved as follows :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmhosts</TT +> : Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has - no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see - the <a href="lmhosts.5.html">lmhosts(5)</a> for details) then - any name type matches for lookup.</p></li><li><p><tt>host</tt>: Do a standard host - name to IP address resolution, using the system <tt>/etc/hosts - </tt>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution + no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <A +HREF="lmhosts.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>lmhosts(5)</A +> for details) then + any name type matches for lookup.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>host</TT +> : Do a standard host + name to IP address resolution, using the system <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts + </TT +>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is operating system dependent, for instance on IRIX or Solaris this - may be controlled by the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> + may be controlled by the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise - it is ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>wins</tt>: Query a name with - the IP address listed in the <i><tt>wins server</tt></i> + it is ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>wins</TT +> : Query a name with + the IP address listed in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins server</I +></TT +> parameter. If no WINS server has - been specified this method will be ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>bcast</tt>: Do a broadcast on + been specified this method will be ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>bcast</TT +> : Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in the - <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the target host being on a locally - connected subnet.</p></li></ul></div><p>If this parameter is not set then the name resolve order - defined in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file parameter - (name resolve order) will be used. </p><p>The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and without - this parameter or any entry in the <i><tt>name resolve order - </tt></i> parameter of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file the name resolution - methods will be attempted in this order. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-M NetBIOS name</span></dt><dd><p>This options allows you to send messages, using - the "WinPopup" protocol, to another computer. Once a connection is + connected subnet.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>If this parameter is not set then the name resolve order + defined in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file parameter + (name resolve order) will be used. </P +><P +>The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast and without + this parameter or any entry in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order + </I +></TT +> parameter of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file the name resolution + methods will be attempted in this order. </P +></DD +><DT +>-M NetBIOS name</DT +><DD +><P +>This options allows you to send messages, using + the "WinPopup" protocol, to another computer. Once a connection is established you then type your message, pressing ^D (control-D) to - end. </p><p>If the receiving computer is running WinPopup the user will + end. </P +><P +>If the receiving computer is running WinPopup the user will receive the message and probably a beep. If they are not running WinPopup the message will be lost, and no error message will - occur. </p><p>The message is also automatically truncated if the message + occur. </P +><P +>The message is also automatically truncated if the message is over 1600 bytes, as this is the limit of the protocol. - </p><p>One useful trick is to cat the message through - <b>smbclient</b>. For example: <b> - cat mymessage.txt | smbclient -M FRED </b> will - send the message in the file <tt>mymessage.txt</tt> - to the machine FRED. </p><p>You may also find the <i><tt>-U</tt></i> and - <i><tt>-I</tt></i> options useful, as they allow you to - control the FROM and TO parts of the message. </p><p>See the <i><tt>message command</tt></i> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> for a description of how to handle incoming - WinPopup messages in Samba. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span>: Copy WinPopup into the startup group + </P +><P +>One useful trick is to cat the message through + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +>. For example: <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> cat mymessage.txt | smbclient -M FRED </B +> will + send the message in the file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>mymessage.txt</TT +> + to the machine FRED. </P +><P +>You may also find the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-U</I +></TT +> and + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-I</I +></TT +> options useful, as they allow you to + control the FROM and TO parts of the message. </P +><P +>See the message command parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +> for a description of how to handle incoming + WinPopup messages in Samba. </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +></SPAN +>: Copy WinPopup into the startup group on your WfWg PCs if you want them to always be able to receive - messages. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p port</span></dt><dd><p>This number is the TCP port number that will be used + messages. </P +></DD +><DT +>-i scope</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies a NetBIOS scope that smbclient will + use to communicate with when generating NetBIOS names. For details + on the use of NetBIOS scopes, see <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1001.txt</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1002.txt</TT +>. + NetBIOS scopes are <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>very</I +></SPAN +> rarely used, only set + this parameter if you are the system administrator in charge of all + the NetBIOS systems you communicate with. </P +></DD +><DT +>-N</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter suppresses the normal + password prompt from the client to the user. This is useful when + accessing a service that does not require a password. </P +><P +>Unless a password is specified on the command line or + this parameter is specified, the client will request a + password.</P +></DD +><DT +>-n NetBIOS name</DT +><DD +><P +>By default, the client will use the local + machine's hostname (in uppercase) as its NetBIOS name. This parameter + allows you to override the host name and use whatever NetBIOS + name you wish. </P +></DD +><DT +>-d debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer from 0 to 10, or + the letter 'A'. </P +><P +>The default value if this parameter is not specified + is zero. </P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to + the log files about the activities of the + client. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will + be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day to day running - + it generates a small amount of information about operations + carried out. </P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log + data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. + Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and + generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely + cryptic. If <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is set to the letter 'A', then <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>all + </I +></SPAN +> debug messages will be printed. This setting + is for developers only (and people who <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>really</I +></SPAN +> want + to know how the code works internally). </P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will override + the log level parameter in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf (5)</TT +> + file. </P +></DD +><DT +>-p port</DT +><DD +><P +>This number is the TCP port number that will be used when making connections to the server. The standard (well-known) TCP port number for an SMB/CIFS server is 139, which is the - default. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l logfilename</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, <i><tt>logfilename</tt></i> specifies a base filename + default. </P +></DD +><DT +>-l logfilename</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>logfilename</I +></TT +> specifies a base filename into which operational data from the running client will be - logged. </p><p>The default base name is specified at compile time.</p><p>The base name is used to generate actual log file names. - For example, if the name specified was "log", the debug file - would be <tt>log.client</tt>.</p><p>The log file generated is never removed by the client. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-I IP-address</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>IP address</tt></i> is the address of the server to connect to. - It should be specified in standard "a.b.c.d" notation. </p><p>Normally the client would attempt to locate a named + logged. </P +><P +>The default base name is specified at compile time.</P +><P +>The base name is used to generate actual log file names. + For example, if the name specified was "log", the debug file + would be <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>log.client</TT +>.</P +><P +>The log file generated is never removed by the client. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Print the usage message for the client. </P +></DD +><DT +>-I IP-address</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>IP address</I +></TT +> is the address of the server to connect to. + It should be specified in standard "a.b.c.d" notation. </P +><P +>Normally the client would attempt to locate a named SMB/CIFS server by looking it up via the NetBIOS name resolution - mechanism described above in the <i><tt>name resolve order</tt></i> + mechanism described above in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order</I +></TT +> parameter above. Using this parameter will force the client to assume that the server is on the machine with the specified IP address and the NetBIOS name component of the resource being - connected to will be ignored. </p><p>There is no default for this parameter. If not supplied, + connected to will be ignored. </P +><P +>There is no default for this parameter. If not supplied, it will be determined automatically by the client as described - above. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-E</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter causes the client to write messages + above. </P +></DD +><DT +>-E</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter causes the client to write messages to the standard error stream (stderr) rather than to the standard - output stream. </p><p>By default, the client writes messages to standard output - - typically the user's tty. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to look at what services - are available on a server. You use it as <b>smbclient -L - host</b> and a list should appear. The <i><tt>-I - </tt></i> option may be useful if your NetBIOS names don't + output stream. </P +><P +>By default, the client writes messages to standard output + - typically the user's tty. </P +></DD +><DT +>-U username[%pass]</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets the SMB username or username and password. + If %pass is not specified, The user will be prompted. The client + will first check the <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>USER</TT +> environment variable, then the + <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>LOGNAME</TT +> variable and if either exists, the + string is uppercased. Anything in these variables following a '%' + sign will be treated as the password. If these environment + variables are not found, the username <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>GUEST</TT +> + is used. </P +><P +>If the password is not included in these environment + variables (using the %pass syntax), <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> will look for + a <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD</TT +> environment variable from which + to read the password. </P +><P +>A third option is to use a credentials file which + contains the plaintext of the domain name, username and password. This + option is mainly provided for scripts where the admin doesn't + wish to pass the credentials on the command line or via environment + variables. If this method is used, make certain that the permissions + on the file restrict access from unwanted users. See the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-A</I +></TT +> for more details. </P +><P +>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts or in + the <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD</TT +> environment variable. Also, on + many systems the command line of a running process may be seen + via the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ps</B +> command to be safe always allow + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> to prompt for a password and type + it in directly. </P +></DD +><DT +>-A filename</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows + you to specify a file from which to read the username, domain name, and + password used in the connection. The format of the file is + </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>username = <value> +password = <value> +domain = <value> + </PRE +></P +><P +>If the domain parameter is missing the current workgroup name + is used instead. Make certain that the permissions on the file restrict + access from unwanted users. </P +></DD +><DT +>-L</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows you to look at what services + are available on a server. You use it as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient -L + host</B +> and a list should appear. The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-I + </I +></TT +> option may be useful if your NetBIOS names don't match your TCP/IP DNS host names or if you are trying to reach a - host on another network. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t terminal code</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells <b>smbclient</b> how to interpret + host on another network. </P +></DD +><DT +>-t terminal code</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> how to interpret filenames coming from the remote server. Usually Asian language multibyte UNIX implementations use different character sets than - SMB/CIFS servers (<span class="emphasis"><em>EUC</em></span> instead of <span class="emphasis"><em> - SJIS</em></span> for example). Setting this parameter will let - <b>smbclient</b> convert between the UNIX filenames and + SMB/CIFS servers (<SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>EUC</I +></SPAN +> instead of <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +> SJIS</I +></SPAN +> for example). Setting this parameter will let + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> convert between the UNIX filenames and the SMB filenames correctly. This option has not been seriously tested - and may have some problems. </p><p>The terminal codes include CWsjis, CWeuc, CWjis7, CWjis8, + and may have some problems. </P +><P +>The terminal codes include CWsjis, CWeuc, CWjis7, CWjis8, CWjunet, CWhex, CWcap. This is not a complete list, check the Samba - source code for the complete list. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-b buffersize</span></dt><dd><p>This option changes the transmit/send buffer + source code for the complete list. </P +></DD +><DT +>-b buffersize</DT +><DD +><P +>This option changes the transmit/send buffer size when getting or putting a file from/to the server. The default is 65520 bytes. Setting this value smaller (to 1200 bytes) has been observed to speed up file transfers to and from a Win9x server. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-N</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter suppresses the normal -password prompt from the client to the user. This is useful when -accessing a service that does not require a password. </p><p>Unless a password is specified on the command line or -this parameter is specified, the client will request a -password.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-k</span></dt><dd><p> -Try to authenticate with kerberos. Only useful in -an Active Directory environment. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-A|--authfile=filename</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows -you to specify a file from which to read the username and -password used in the connection. The format of the file is -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -username = <value> -password = <value> -domain = <value> -</pre><p>Make certain that the permissions on the file restrict -access from unwanted users. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U|--user=username[%password]</span></dt><dd><p>Sets the SMB username or username and password. </p><p>If %password is not specified, the user will be prompted. The -client will first check the <tt>USER</tt> environment variable, then the -<tt>LOGNAME</tt> variable and if either exists, the -string is uppercased. If these environmental variables are not -found, the username <tt>GUEST</tt> is used. </p><p>A third option is to use a credentials file which -contains the plaintext of the username and password. This -option is mainly provided for scripts where the admin does not -wish to pass the credentials on the command line or via environment -variables. If this method is used, make certain that the permissions -on the file restrict access from unwanted users. See the -<i><tt>-A</tt></i> for more details. </p><p>Be cautious about including passwords in scripts. Also, on -many systems the command line of a running process may be seen -via the <b>ps</b> command. To be safe always allow -<b>rpcclient</b> to prompt for a password and type -it in directly. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n <primary NetBIOS name></span></dt><dd><p>This option allows you to override -the NetBIOS name that Samba uses for itself. This is identical -to setting the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#netbiosname" target="_top"><i><tt>NetBIOS -name</tt></i></a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. However, a command -line setting will take precedence over settings in -<a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i <scope></span></dt><dd><p>This specifies a NetBIOS scope that -<b>nmblookup</b> will use to communicate with when -generating NetBIOS names. For details on the use of NetBIOS -scopes, see rfc1001.txt and rfc1002.txt. NetBIOS scopes are -<span class="emphasis"><em>very</em></span> rarely used, only set this parameter -if you are the system administrator in charge of all the -NetBIOS systems you communicate with.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-W|--workgroup=domain</span></dt><dd><p>Set the SMB domain of the username. This -overrides the default domain which is the domain defined in -smb.conf. If the domain specified is the same as the servers -NetBIOS name, it causes the client to log on using the servers local -SAM (as opposed to the Domain SAM). </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-O socket options</span></dt><dd><p>TCP socket options to set on the client -socket. See the socket options parameter in -the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> manual page for the list of valid -options. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-T tar options</span></dt><dd><p>smbclient may be used to create <b>tar(1) - </b> compatible backups of all the files on an SMB/CIFS + </P +></DD +><DT +>-W WORKGROUP</DT +><DD +><P +>Override the default workgroup (domain) specified + in the workgroup parameter of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> + file for this connection. This may be needed to connect to some + servers. </P +></DD +><DT +>-T tar options</DT +><DD +><P +>smbclient may be used to create <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>tar(1) + </B +> compatible backups of all the files on an SMB/CIFS share. The secondary tar flags that can be given to this option - are : </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><i><tt>c</tt></i> - Create a tar file on UNIX. + are : </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>c</I +></TT +> - Create a tar file on UNIX. Must be followed by the name of a tar file, tape device - or "-" for standard output. If using standard output you must + or "-" for standard output. If using standard output you must turn the log level to its lowest value -d0 to avoid corrupting your tar file. This flag is mutually exclusive with the - <i><tt>x</tt></i> flag. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>x</tt></i> - Extract (restore) a local + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>x</I +></TT +> flag. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>x</I +></TT +> - Extract (restore) a local tar file back to a share. Unless the -D option is given, the tar files will be restored from the top level of the share. Must be - followed by the name of the tar file, device or "-" for standard - input. Mutually exclusive with the <i><tt>c</tt></i> flag. + followed by the name of the tar file, device or "-" for standard + input. Mutually exclusive with the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>c</I +></TT +> flag. Restored files have their creation times (mtime) set to the date saved in the tar file. Directories currently do not get - their creation dates restored properly. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>I</tt></i> - Include files and directories. + their creation dates restored properly. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>I</I +></TT +> - Include files and directories. Is the default behavior when filenames are specified above. Causes tar files to be included in an extract or create (and therefore everything else to be excluded). See example below. Filename globbing - works in one of two ways. See r below. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>X</tt></i> - Exclude files and directories. + works in one of two ways. See r below. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>X</I +></TT +> - Exclude files and directories. Causes tar files to be excluded from an extract or create. See example below. Filename globbing works in one of two ways now. - See <i><tt>r</tt></i> below. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>b</tt></i> - Blocksize. Must be followed + See <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>r</I +></TT +> below. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>b</I +></TT +> - Blocksize. Must be followed by a valid (greater than zero) blocksize. Causes tar file to be written out in blocksize*TBLOCK (usually 512 byte) blocks. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>g</tt></i> - Incremental. Only back up + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>g</I +></TT +> - Incremental. Only back up files that have the archive bit set. Useful only with the - <i><tt>c</tt></i> flag. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>q</tt></i> - Quiet. Keeps tar from printing + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>c</I +></TT +> flag. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>q</I +></TT +> - Quiet. Keeps tar from printing diagnostics as it works. This is the same as tarmode quiet. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>r</tt></i> - Regular expression include + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>r</I +></TT +> - Regular expression include or exclude. Uses regular expression matching for excluding or excluding files if compiled with HAVE_REGEX_H. However this mode can be very slow. If not compiled with HAVE_REGEX_H, does a limited wildcard match on '*' and '?'. - </p></li><li><p><i><tt>N</tt></i> - Newer than. Must be followed + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>N</I +></TT +> - Newer than. Must be followed by the name of a file whose date is compared against files found on the share during a create. Only files newer than the file specified are backed up to the tar file. Useful only with the - <i><tt>c</tt></i> flag. </p></li><li><p><i><tt>a</tt></i> - Set archive bit. Causes the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>c</I +></TT +> flag. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>a</I +></TT +> - Set archive bit. Causes the archive bit to be reset when a file is backed up. Useful with the - <i><tt>g</tt></i> and <i><tt>c</tt></i> flags. - </p></li></ul></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Tar Long File Names</em></span></p><p><b>smbclient</b>'s tar option now supports long + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>g</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>c</I +></TT +> flags. + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Tar Long File Names</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +>'s tar option now supports long file names both on backup and restore. However, the full path name of the file must be less than 1024 bytes. Also, when - a tar archive is created, <b>smbclient</b>'s tar option places all + a tar archive is created, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +>'s tar option places all files in the archive with relative names, not absolute names. - </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Tar Filenames</em></span></p><p>All file names can be given as DOS path names (with '\\' + </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Tar Filenames</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>All file names can be given as DOS path names (with '\' as the component separator) or as UNIX path names (with '/' as - the component separator). </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Examples</em></span></p><p>Restore from tar file <tt>backup.tar</tt> into myshare on mypc - (no password on share). </p><p><b>smbclient //mypc/yshare "" -N -Tx backup.tar - </b></p><p>Restore everything except <tt>users/docs</tt> - </p><p><b>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -TXx backup.tar - users/docs</b></p><p>Create a tar file of the files beneath <tt> - users/docs</tt>. </p><p><b>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc - backup.tar users/docs </b></p><p>Create the same tar file as above, but now use - a DOS path name. </p><p><b>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -tc backup.tar - users\edocs </b></p><p>Create a tar file of all the files and directories in - the share. </p><p><b>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc backup.tar * - </b></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-D initial directory</span></dt><dd><p>Change to initial directory before starting. Probably - only of any use with the tar -T option. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-c command string</span></dt><dd><p>command string is a semicolon-separated list of - commands to be executed instead of prompting from stdin. <i><tt> - -N</tt></i> is implied by <i><tt>-c</tt></i>.</p><p>This is particularly useful in scripts and for printing stdin - to the server, e.g. <b>-c 'print -'</b>. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPERATIONS</h2><p>Once the client is running, the user is presented with - a prompt : </p><p><tt>smb:\> </tt></p><p>The backslash ("\\") indicates the current working directory + the component separator). </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Examples</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Restore from tar file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>backup.tar</TT +> into myshare on mypc + (no password on share). </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //mypc/yshare "" -N -Tx backup.tar + </B +></P +><P +>Restore everything except <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>users/docs</TT +> + </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -TXx backup.tar + users/docs</B +></P +><P +>Create a tar file of the files beneath <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> users/docs</TT +>. </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc + backup.tar users/docs </B +></P +><P +>Create the same tar file as above, but now use + a DOS path name. </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -tc backup.tar + users\edocs </B +></P +><P +>Create a tar file of all the files and directories in + the share. </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient //mypc/myshare "" -N -Tc backup.tar * + </B +></P +></DD +><DT +>-D initial directory</DT +><DD +><P +>Change to initial directory before starting. Probably + only of any use with the tar -T option. </P +></DD +><DT +>-c command string</DT +><DD +><P +>command string is a semicolon-separated list of + commands to be executed instead of prompting from stdin. <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> -N</I +></TT +> is implied by <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-c</I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>This is particularly useful in scripts and for printing stdin + to the server, e.g. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-c 'print -'</B +>. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN310" +></A +><H2 +>OPERATIONS</H2 +><P +>Once the client is running, the user is presented with + a prompt : </P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>smb:\> </TT +></P +><P +>The backslash ("\") indicates the current working directory on the server, and will change if the current working directory - is changed. </p><p>The prompt indicates that the client is ready and waiting to + is changed. </P +><P +>The prompt indicates that the client is ready and waiting to carry out a user command. Each command is a single word, optionally followed by parameters specific to that command. Command and parameters are space-delimited unless these notes specifically state otherwise. All commands are case-insensitive. Parameters to commands may or may not be case sensitive, depending on the command. - </p><p>You can specify file names which have spaces in them by quoting - the name with double quotes, for example "a long file name". </p><p>Parameters shown in square brackets (e.g., "[parameter]") are + </P +><P +>You can specify file names which have spaces in them by quoting + the name with double quotes, for example "a long file name". </P +><P +>Parameters shown in square brackets (e.g., "[parameter]") are optional. If not given, the command will use suitable defaults. Parameters - shown in angle brackets (e.g., "<parameter>") are required. - </p><p>Note that all commands operating on the server are actually + shown in angle brackets (e.g., "<parameter>") are required. + </P +><P +>Note that all commands operating on the server are actually performed by issuing a request to the server. Thus the behavior may vary from server to server, depending on how the server was implemented. - </p><p>The commands available are given here in alphabetical order. </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">? [command]</span></dt><dd><p>If <i><tt>command</tt></i> is specified, the ? command will display + </P +><P +>The commands available are given here in alphabetical order. </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>? [command]</DT +><DD +><P +>If <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>command</I +></TT +> is specified, the ? command will display a brief informative message about the specified command. If no command is specified, a list of available commands will - be displayed. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">! [shell command]</span></dt><dd><p>If <i><tt>shell command</tt></i> is specified, the ! + be displayed. </P +></DD +><DT +>! [shell command]</DT +><DD +><P +>If <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>shell command</I +></TT +> is specified, the ! command will execute a shell locally and run the specified shell command. If no command is specified, a local shell will be run. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">altname file</span></dt><dd><p>The client will request that the server return - the "alternate" name (the 8.3 name) for a file or directory. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">cancel jobid0 [jobid1] ... [jobidN]</span></dt><dd><p>The client will request that the server cancel + </P +></DD +><DT +>altname file</DT +><DD +><P +>The client will request that the server return + the "alternate" name (the 8.3 name) for a file or directory. + </P +></DD +><DT +>cancel jobid0 [jobid1] ... [jobidN]</DT +><DD +><P +>The client will request that the server cancel the printjobs identified by the given numeric print job ids. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">chmod file mode in octal</span></dt><dd><p>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS + </P +></DD +><DT +>chmod file mode in octal</DT +><DD +><P +>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not. The client requests that the server change the UNIX permissions to the given octal mode, in standard UNIX format. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">chown file uid gid</span></dt><dd><p>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS + </P +></DD +><DT +>chown file uid gid</DT +><DD +><P +>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not. The client requests that the server change the UNIX user and group ownership to the given decimal values. Note there is currently no way to remotely look up the UNIX uid and gid values for a given name. This may be addressed in future versions of the CIFS UNIX extensions. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">cd [directory name]</span></dt><dd><p>If "directory name" is specified, the current + </P +></DD +><DT +>cd [directory name]</DT +><DD +><P +>If "directory name" is specified, the current working directory on the server will be changed to the directory specified. This operation will fail if for any reason the specified - directory is inaccessible. </p><p>If no directory name is specified, the current working - directory on the server will be reported. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">del <mask></span></dt><dd><p>The client will request that the server attempt - to delete all files matching <i><tt>mask</tt></i> from the current working - directory on the server. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">dir <mask></span></dt><dd><p>A list of the files matching <i><tt>mask</tt></i> in the current + directory is inaccessible. </P +><P +>If no directory name is specified, the current working + directory on the server will be reported. </P +></DD +><DT +>del <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>The client will request that the server attempt + to delete all files matching <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> from the current working + directory on the server. </P +></DD +><DT +>dir <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>A list of the files matching <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> in the current working directory on the server will be retrieved from the server - and displayed. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">exit</span></dt><dd><p>Terminate the connection with the server and exit - from the program. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">get <remote file name> [local file name]</span></dt><dd><p>Copy the file called <tt>remote file name</tt> from + and displayed. </P +></DD +><DT +>exit</DT +><DD +><P +>Terminate the connection with the server and exit + from the program. </P +></DD +><DT +>get <remote file name> [local file name]</DT +><DD +><P +>Copy the file called <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>remote file name</TT +> from the server to the machine running the client. If specified, name - the local copy <tt>local file name</tt>. Note that all transfers in - <b>smbclient</b> are binary. See also the - lowercase command. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">help [command]</span></dt><dd><p>See the ? command above. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">lcd [directory name]</span></dt><dd><p>If <i><tt>directory name</tt></i> is specified, the current + the local copy <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>local file name</TT +>. Note that all transfers in + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> are binary. See also the + lowercase command. </P +></DD +><DT +>help [command]</DT +><DD +><P +>See the ? command above. </P +></DD +><DT +>lcd [directory name]</DT +><DD +><P +>If <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>directory name</I +></TT +> is specified, the current working directory on the local machine will be changed to the directory specified. This operation will fail if for any - reason the specified directory is inaccessible. </p><p>If no directory name is specified, the name of the + reason the specified directory is inaccessible. </P +><P +>If no directory name is specified, the name of the current working directory on the local machine will be reported. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">link source destination</span></dt><dd><p>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS + </P +></DD +><DT +>link source destination</DT +><DD +><P +>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not. The client requests that the server create a hard link between the source and destination files. The source file must not exist. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">lowercase</span></dt><dd><p>Toggle lowercasing of filenames for the get and - mget commands. </p><p>When lowercasing is toggled ON, local filenames are converted + </P +></DD +><DT +>lowercase</DT +><DD +><P +>Toggle lowercasing of filenames for the get and + mget commands. </P +><P +>When lowercasing is toggled ON, local filenames are converted to lowercase when using the get and mget commands. This is often useful when copying (say) MSDOS files from a server, because - lowercase filenames are the norm on UNIX systems. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ls <mask></span></dt><dd><p>See the dir command above. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">mask <mask></span></dt><dd><p>This command allows the user to set up a mask + lowercase filenames are the norm on UNIX systems. </P +></DD +><DT +>ls <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>See the dir command above. </P +></DD +><DT +>mask <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>This command allows the user to set up a mask which will be used during recursive operation of the mget and - mput commands. </p><p>The masks specified to the mget and mput commands act as + mput commands. </P +><P +>The masks specified to the mget and mput commands act as filters for directories rather than files when recursion is - toggled ON. </p><p>The mask specified with the mask command is necessary + toggled ON. </P +><P +>The mask specified with the mask command is necessary to filter files within those directories. For example, if the - mask specified in an mget command is "source*" and the mask - specified with the mask command is "*.c" and recursion is + mask specified in an mget command is "source*" and the mask + specified with the mask command is "*.c" and recursion is toggled ON, the mget command will retrieve all files matching - "*.c" in all directories below and including all directories - matching "source*" in the current working directory. </p><p>Note that the value for mask defaults to blank (equivalent - to "*") and remains so until the mask command is used to change it. + "*.c" in all directories below and including all directories + matching "source*" in the current working directory. </P +><P +>Note that the value for mask defaults to blank (equivalent + to "*") and remains so until the mask command is used to change it. It retains the most recently specified value indefinitely. To avoid unexpected results it would be wise to change the value of - mask back to "*" after using the mget or mput commands. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">md <directory name></span></dt><dd><p>See the mkdir command. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">mget <mask></span></dt><dd><p>Copy all files matching <i><tt>mask</tt></i> from the server to - the machine running the client. </p><p>Note that <i><tt>mask</tt></i> is interpreted differently during recursive + mask back to "*" after using the mget or mput commands. </P +></DD +><DT +>md <directory name></DT +><DD +><P +>See the mkdir command. </P +></DD +><DT +>mget <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>Copy all files matching <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> from the server to + the machine running the client. </P +><P +>Note that <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> is interpreted differently during recursive operation and non-recursive operation - refer to the recurse and mask commands for more information. Note that all transfers in - <b>smbclient</b> are binary. See also the lowercase command. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">mkdir <directory name></span></dt><dd><p>Create a new directory on the server (user access - privileges permitting) with the specified name. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">mput <mask></span></dt><dd><p>Copy all files matching <i><tt>mask</tt></i> in the current working + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> are binary. See also the lowercase command. </P +></DD +><DT +>mkdir <directory name></DT +><DD +><P +>Create a new directory on the server (user access + privileges permitting) with the specified name. </P +></DD +><DT +>mput <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>Copy all files matching <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> in the current working directory on the local machine to the current working directory on - the server. </p><p>Note that <i><tt>mask</tt></i> is interpreted differently during recursive + the server. </P +><P +>Note that <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> is interpreted differently during recursive operation and non-recursive operation - refer to the recurse and mask - commands for more information. Note that all transfers in <b>smbclient</b> - are binary. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">print <file name></span></dt><dd><p>Print the specified file from the local machine - through a printable service on the server. </p><p>See also the printmode command.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">printmode <graphics or text></span></dt><dd><p>Set the print mode to suit either binary data + commands for more information. Note that all transfers in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> + are binary. </P +></DD +><DT +>print <file name></DT +><DD +><P +>Print the specified file from the local machine + through a printable service on the server. </P +><P +>See also the printmode command.</P +></DD +><DT +>printmode <graphics or text></DT +><DD +><P +>Set the print mode to suit either binary data (such as graphical information) or text. Subsequent print - commands will use the currently set print mode. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">prompt</span></dt><dd><p>Toggle prompting for filenames during operation - of the mget and mput commands. </p><p>When toggled ON, the user will be prompted to confirm + commands will use the currently set print mode. </P +></DD +><DT +>prompt</DT +><DD +><P +>Toggle prompting for filenames during operation + of the mget and mput commands. </P +><P +>When toggled ON, the user will be prompted to confirm the transfer of each file during these commands. When toggled OFF, all specified files will be transferred without prompting. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">put <local file name> [remote file name]</span></dt><dd><p>Copy the file called <tt>local file name</tt> from the + </P +></DD +><DT +>put <local file name> [remote file name]</DT +><DD +><P +>Copy the file called <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>local file name</TT +> from the machine running the client to the server. If specified, - name the remote copy <tt>remote file name</tt>. Note that all transfers - in <b>smbclient</b> are binary. See also the lowercase command. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">queue</span></dt><dd><p>Displays the print queue, showing the job id, - name, size and current status. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">quit</span></dt><dd><p>See the exit command. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">rd <directory name></span></dt><dd><p>See the rmdir command. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">recurse</span></dt><dd><p>Toggle directory recursion for the commands mget - and mput. </p><p>When toggled ON, these commands will process all directories + name the remote copy <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>remote file name</TT +>. Note that all transfers + in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient</B +> are binary. See also the lowercase command. + </P +></DD +><DT +>queue</DT +><DD +><P +>Displays the print queue, showing the job id, + name, size and current status. </P +></DD +><DT +>quit</DT +><DD +><P +>See the exit command. </P +></DD +><DT +>rd <directory name></DT +><DD +><P +>See the rmdir command. </P +></DD +><DT +>recurse</DT +><DD +><P +>Toggle directory recursion for the commands mget + and mput. </P +><P +>When toggled ON, these commands will process all directories in the source directory (i.e., the directory they are copying from ) and will recurse into any that match the mask specified to the command. Only files that match the mask specified using the mask command will be retrieved. See also the mask command. - </p><p>When recursion is toggled OFF, only files from the current + </P +><P +>When recursion is toggled OFF, only files from the current working directory on the source machine that match the mask specified to the mget or mput commands will be copied, and any mask specified - using the mask command will be ignored. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">rm <mask></span></dt><dd><p>Remove all files matching <i><tt>mask</tt></i> from the current - working directory on the server. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">rmdir <directory name></span></dt><dd><p>Remove the specified directory (user access - privileges permitting) from the server. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">setmode <filename> <perm=[+|\-]rsha></span></dt><dd><p>A version of the DOS attrib command to set - file permissions. For example: </p><p><b>setmode myfile +r </b></p><p>would make myfile read only. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">symlink source destination</span></dt><dd><p>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS + using the mask command will be ignored. </P +></DD +><DT +>rm <mask></DT +><DD +><P +>Remove all files matching <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>mask</I +></TT +> from the current + working directory on the server. </P +></DD +><DT +>rmdir <directory name></DT +><DD +><P +>Remove the specified directory (user access + privileges permitting) from the server. </P +></DD +><DT +>setmode <filename> <perm=[+|\-]rsha></DT +><DD +><P +>A version of the DOS attrib command to set + file permissions. For example: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>setmode myfile +r </B +></P +><P +>would make myfile read only. </P +></DD +><DT +>symlink source destination</DT +><DD +><P +>This command depends on the server supporting the CIFS UNIX extensions and will fail if the server does not. The client requests that the server create a symbolic hard link between the source and destination files. The source file must not exist. Note that the server will not create a link to any path that lies outside the currently connected share. This is enforced by the Samba server. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">tar <c|x>[IXbgNa]</span></dt><dd><p>Performs a tar operation - see the <i><tt>-T - </tt></i> command line option above. Behavior may be affected + </P +></DD +><DT +>tar <c|x>[IXbgNa]</DT +><DD +><P +>Performs a tar operation - see the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-T + </I +></TT +> command line option above. Behavior may be affected by the tarmode command (see below). Using g (incremental) and N - (newer) will affect tarmode settings. Note that using the "-" option + (newer) will affect tarmode settings. Note that using the "-" option with tar x may not work - use the command line option instead. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">blocksize <blocksize></span></dt><dd><p>Blocksize. Must be followed by a valid (greater + </P +></DD +><DT +>blocksize <blocksize></DT +><DD +><P +>Blocksize. Must be followed by a valid (greater than zero) blocksize. Causes tar file to be written out in - <i><tt>blocksize</tt></i>*TBLOCK (usually 512 byte) blocks. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">tarmode <full|inc|reset|noreset></span></dt><dd><p>Changes tar's behavior with regard to archive + <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>blocksize</I +></TT +>*TBLOCK (usually 512 byte) blocks. </P +></DD +><DT +>tarmode <full|inc|reset|noreset></DT +><DD +><P +>Changes tar's behavior with regard to archive bits. In full mode, tar will back up everything regardless of the archive bit setting (this is the default mode). In incremental mode, tar will only back up files with the archive bit set. In reset mode, tar will reset the archive bit on all files it backs up (implies - read/write share). </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>NOTES</h2><p>Some servers are fussy about the case of supplied usernames, + read/write share). </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN501" +></A +><H2 +>NOTES</H2 +><P +>Some servers are fussy about the case of supplied usernames, passwords, share names (AKA service names) and machine names. If you fail to connect try giving all parameters in uppercase. - </p><p>It is often necessary to use the -n option when connecting + </P +><P +>It is often necessary to use the -n option when connecting to some types of servers. For example OS/2 LanManager insists on a valid NetBIOS name being used, so you need to supply a valid - name that would be known to the server.</p><p>smbclient supports long file names where the server - supports the LANMAN2 protocol or above. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h2><p>The variable <tt>USER</tt> may contain the + name that would be known to the server.</P +><P +>smbclient supports long file names where the server + supports the LANMAN2 protocol or above. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN506" +></A +><H2 +>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</H2 +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>USER</TT +> may contain the username of the person using the client. This information is used only if the protocol level is high enough to support - session-level passwords.</p><p>The variable <tt>PASSWD</tt> may contain + session-level passwords.</P +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD</TT +> may contain the password of the person using the client. This information is used only if the protocol level is high enough to support - session-level passwords. </p><p>The variable <tt>LIBSMB_PROG</tt> may contain + session-level passwords. </P +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>LIBSMB_PROG</TT +> may contain the path, executed with system(), which the client should connect to instead of connecting to a server. This functionality is primarily intended as a development aid, and works best when using a LMHOSTS - file</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>INSTALLATION</h2><p>The location of the client program is a matter for + file</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN514" +></A +><H2 +>INSTALLATION</H2 +><P +>The location of the client program is a matter for individual system administrators. The following are thus - suggestions only. </p><p>It is recommended that the smbclient software be installed - in the <tt>/usr/local/samba/bin/</tt> or <tt> - /usr/samba/bin/</tt> directory, this directory readable + suggestions only. </P +><P +>It is recommended that the smbclient software be installed + in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/</TT +> or <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /usr/samba/bin/</TT +> directory, this directory readable by all, writeable only by root. The client program itself should - be executable by all. The client should <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be - setuid or setgid! </p><p>The client log files should be put in a directory readable - and writeable only by the user. </p><p>To test the client, you will need to know the name of a - running SMB/CIFS server. It is possible to run <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> as an ordinary user - running that server as a daemon + be executable by all. The client should <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +></SPAN +> be + setuid or setgid! </P +><P +>The client log files should be put in a directory readable + and writeable only by the user. </P +><P +>To test the client, you will need to know the name of a + running SMB/CIFS server. It is possible to run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8) + </B +> as an ordinary user - running that server as a daemon on a user-accessible port (typically any port number over 1024) - would provide a suitable test server. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p>Most diagnostics issued by the client are logged in a + would provide a suitable test server. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN524" +></A +><H2 +>DIAGNOSTICS</H2 +><P +>Most diagnostics issued by the client are logged in a specified log file. The log file name is specified at compile time, - but may be overridden on the command line. </p><p>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends + but may be overridden on the command line. </P +><P +>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends on the debug level used by the client. If you have problems, - set the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + set the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN528" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN531" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 - was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbcontrol.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbcontrol.1.html index 6fa017fdb0..12662dcc04 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbcontrol.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbcontrol.1.html @@ -1,71 +1,385 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbcontrol</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbcontrol.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbcontrol — send messages to smbd, nmbd or winbindd processes</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbcontrol</tt> [-i] [-s]</p></div><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbcontrol</tt> [destination] [message-type] [parameter]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbcontrol</b> is a very small program, which - sends messages to a <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, a <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>, or a <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon running on the system.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>Run interactively. Individual commands +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbcontrol</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBCONTROL" +></A +>smbcontrol</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbcontrol -- send messages to smbd, nmbd or winbindd processes</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcontrol</B +> [-i]</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcontrol</B +> [destination] [message-type] [parameter]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN17" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcontrol</B +> is a very small program, which + sends messages to an <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smbd(8)</A +>, + an <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>nmbd(8)</A +> + or a <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> + daemon running on the system.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN26" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>Run interactively. Individual commands of the form destination message-type parameters can be entered - on STDIN. An empty command line or a "q" will quit the - program.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">destination</span></dt><dd><p>One of <i><tt>nmbd</tt></i>, <i><tt>smbd</tt></i> or a process ID.</p><p>The <i><tt>smbd</tt></i> destination causes the - message to "broadcast" to all smbd daemons.</p><p>The <i><tt>nmbd</tt></i> destination causes the + on STDIN. An empty command line or a "q" will quit the + program.</P +></DD +><DT +>destination</DT +><DD +><P +>One of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nmbd</I +></TT +> + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>smbd</I +></TT +> or a process ID.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>smbd</I +></TT +> destination causes the + message to "broadcast" to all smbd daemons.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nmbd</I +></TT +> destination causes the message to be sent to the nmbd daemon specified in the - <tt>nmbd.pid</tt> file.</p><p>If a single process ID is given, the message is sent - to only that process.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">message-type</span></dt><dd><p>Type of message to send. See - the section <tt>MESSAGE-TYPES</tt> for details. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">parameters</span></dt><dd><p>any parameters required for the message-type</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>MESSAGE-TYPES</h2><p>Available message types are:</p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">close-share</span></dt><dd><p>Order smbd to close the client - connections to the named share. Note that this doesn't affect client - connections to any other shares. This message-type takes an argument of the - share name for which client connections will be closed, or the - "*" character which will close all currently open shares. - This may be useful if you made changes to the access controls on the share. - This message can only be sent to <tt>smbd</tt>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">debug</span></dt><dd><p>Set debug level to the value specified by the - parameter. This can be sent to any of the destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">force-election</span></dt><dd><p>This message causes the <b>nmbd</b> daemon to - force a new browse master election. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ping</span></dt><dd><p> - Send specified number of "ping" messages and - wait for the same number of reply "pong" messages. This can be sent to - any of the destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">profile</span></dt><dd><p>Change profile settings of a daemon, based on the - parameter. The parameter can be "on" to turn on profile stats - collection, "off" to turn off profile stats collection, "count" - to enable only collection of count stats (time stats are - disabled), and "flush" to zero the current profile stats. This can - be sent to any smbd or nmbd destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p> - Request debuglevel of a certain daemon and write it to stdout. This - can be sent to any of the destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">profilelevel</span></dt><dd><p> - Request profilelevel of a certain daemon and write it to stdout. - This can be sent to any smbd or nmbd destinations.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">printnotify</span></dt><dd><p> - Order smbd to send a printer notify message to any Windows NT clients - connected to a printer. This message-type takes the following arguments: - </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">queuepause printername</span></dt><dd><p>Send a queue pause change notify - message to the printer specified.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">queueresume printername</span></dt><dd><p>Send a queue resume change notify - message for the printer specified.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">jobpause printername unixjobid</span></dt><dd><p>Send a job pause change notify - message for the printer and unix jobid - specified.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">jobresume printername unixjobid</span></dt><dd><p>Send a job resume change notify - message for the printer and unix jobid - specified.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">jobdelete printername unixjobid</span></dt><dd><p>Send a job delete change notify - message for the printer and unix jobid - specified.</p></dd></dl></div><p> - Note that this message only sends notification that an - event has occured. It doesn't actually cause the - event to happen. - </p><p>This message can only be sent to <tt>smbd</tt>. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">samsync</span></dt><dd><p>Order smbd to synchronise sam database from PDC (being BDC). Can only be sent to <tt>smbd</tt>. </p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p>Not working at the moment</p></div></dd><dt><span class="term">samrepl</span></dt><dd><p>Send sam replication message, with specified serial. Can only be sent to <tt>smbd</tt>. Should not be used manually.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">dmalloc-mark</span></dt><dd><p>Set a mark for dmalloc. Can be sent to both smbd and nmbd. Only available if samba is built with dmalloc support. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">dmalloc-log-changed</span></dt><dd><p> - Dump the pointers that have changed since the mark set by dmalloc-mark. - Can be sent to both smbd and nmbd. Only available if samba is built with dmalloc support. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">shutdown</span></dt><dd><p>Shut down specified daemon. Can be sent to both smbd and nmbd.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">pool-usage</span></dt><dd><p>Print a human-readable description of all - talloc(pool) memory usage by the specified daemon/process. Available - for both smbd and nmbd.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">drvupgrade</span></dt><dd><p>Force clients of printers using specified driver - to update their local version of the driver. Can only be - sent to smbd.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> and <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>nmbd.pid</TT +> file.</P +><P +>If a single process ID is given, the message is sent + to only that process.</P +></DD +><DT +>message-type</DT +><DD +><P +>One of: <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>close-share</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>debug</TT +>, + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>force-election</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>ping + </TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>profile</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +> debuglevel</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>profilelevel</TT +>, + or <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>printnotify</TT +>.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>close-share</TT +> message-type sends a + message to smbd which will then close the client connections to + the named share. Note that this doesn't affect client connections + to any other shares. This message-type takes an argument of the + share name for which client connections will be closed, or the + "*" character which will close all currently open shares. + This may be useful if you made changes to the access controls on the share. + This message can only be sent to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>smbd</TT +>.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>debug</TT +> message-type allows + the debug level to be set to the value specified by the + parameter. This can be sent to any of the destinations.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>force-election</TT +> message-type can only be + sent to the <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>nmbd</TT +> destination. This message + causes the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> daemon to force a new browse + master election.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>ping</TT +> message-type sends the + number of "ping" messages specified by the parameter and waits + for the same number of reply "pong" messages. This can be sent to + any of the destinations.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>profile</TT +> message-type sends a + message to an smbd to change the profile settings based on the + parameter. The parameter can be "on" to turn on profile stats + collection, "off" to turn off profile stats collection, "count" + to enable only collection of count stats (time stats are + disabled), and "flush" to zero the current profile stats. This can + be sent to any smbd or nmbd destinations.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>debuglevel</TT +> message-type sends + a "request debug level" message. The current debug level setting + is returned by a "debuglevel" message. This can be + sent to any of the destinations.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>profilelevel</TT +> message-type sends + a "request profile level" message. The current profile level + setting is returned by a "profilelevel" message. This can be sent + to any smbd or nmbd destinations.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>printnotify</TT +> message-type sends a + message to smbd which in turn sends a printer notify message to + any Windows NT clients connected to a printer. This message-type + takes the following arguments: + + <P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>queuepause printername</DT +><DD +><P +>Send a queue pause change notify + message to the printer specified.</P +></DD +><DT +>queueresume printername</DT +><DD +><P +>Send a queue resume change notify + message for the printer specified.</P +></DD +><DT +>jobpause printername unixjobid</DT +><DD +><P +>Send a job pause change notify + message for the printer and unix jobid + specified.</P +></DD +><DT +>jobresume printername unixjobid</DT +><DD +><P +>Send a job resume change notify + message for the printer and unix jobid + specified.</P +></DD +><DT +>jobdelete printername unixjobid</DT +><DD +><P +>Send a job delete change notify + message for the printer and unix jobid + specified.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +> + + Note that this message only sends notification that an + event has occured. It doesn't actually cause the + event to happen. + + This message can only be sent to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>smbd</TT +>. + </P +></DD +><DT +>parameters</DT +><DD +><P +>any parameters required for the message-type</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN102" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN105" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +>, + and <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>. + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN112" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for - Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbd.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbd.8.html index 2ae976c3e8..65f5f95b8d 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbd.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbd.8.html @@ -1,183 +1,780 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbd — server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbd</tt> [-D] [-F] [-S] [-i] [-h] [-V] [-b] [-d <debug level>] [-l <log directory>] [-p <port number>] [-O <socket option>] [-s <configuration file>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This program is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbd</b> is the server daemon that +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbd</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBD">smbd</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbd -- server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> [-D] [-F] [-S] [-i] [-h] [-V] [-b] [-d <debug level>] [-l <log directory>] [-p <port number>] [-O <socket option>] [-s <configuration file>]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN23" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This program is part of the Samba suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> is the server daemon that provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients. The server provides filespace and printer services to clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol. This is compatible with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager clients. These include MSCLIENT 3.0 for DOS, Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, - OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux.</p><p>An extensive description of the services that the + OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux.</P +><P +>An extensive description of the services that the server can provide is given in the man page for the configuration file controlling the attributes of those - services (see <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>. This man page will not describe the + services (see <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +></A +>. This man page will not describe the services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects - of running the server.</p><p>Please note that there are significant security - implications to running this server, and the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before - proceeding with installation.</p><p>A session is created whenever a client requests one. + of running the server.</P +><P +>Please note that there are significant security + implications to running this server, and the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> + manpage should be regarded as mandatory reading before + proceeding with installation.</P +><P +>A session is created whenever a client requests one. Each client gets a copy of the server for each session. This copy then services all connections made by the client during that session. When all connections from its client are closed, - the copy of the server for that client terminates.</p><p>The configuration file, and any files that it includes, + the copy of the server for that client terminates.</P +><P +>The configuration file, and any files that it includes, are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change. You can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server. Reloading the configuration file will not affect connections to any service that is already established. Either the user will have to - disconnect from the service, or <b>smbd</b> killed and restarted.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-D</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes + disconnect from the service, or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> killed and restarted.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN37" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-D</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes the server to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding requests on the appropriate port. Operating the server as a - daemon is the recommended way of running <b>smbd</b> for + daemon is the recommended way of running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> for servers that provide more than casual use file and - print services. This switch is assumed if <b>smbd - </b> is executed on the command line of a shell. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-F</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - the main <b>smbd</b> process to not daemonize, + print services. This switch is assumed if <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> is executed on the command line of a shell. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-F</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + the main <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> process to not daemonize, i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. Child processes are still created as normal to service each connection request, but the main process does not exit. This operation mode is suitable for running - <b>smbd</b> under process supervisors such - as <b>supervise</b> and <b>svscan</b> - from Daniel J. Bernstein's <b>daemontools</b> + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> under process supervisors such + as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>supervise</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>svscan</B +> + from Daniel J. Bernstein's <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>daemontools</B +> package, or the AIX process monitor. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - <b>smbd</b> to log to standard output rather - than a file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter is specified it causes the - server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> to log to standard output rather + than a file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter is specified it causes the + server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this parameter negates the implicit deamon mode when run from the - command line. <b>smbd</b> also logs to standard - output, as if the <b>-S</b> parameter had been + command line. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> also logs to standard + output, as if the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-S</B +> parameter had been given. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-b</span></dt><dd><p>Prints information about how - Samba was built.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l <log directory></span></dt><dd><p>If specified, - <i><tt>log directory</tt></i> - specifies a log directory into which the "log.smbd" log + </P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Prints the help information (usage) + for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-V</DT +><DD +><P +>Prints the version number for + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-b</DT +><DD +><P +>Prints information about how + Samba was built.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d <debug level></DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer + from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is + not specified is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be + logged to the log files about the activities of the + server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious + warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for + day to day running - it generates a small amount of + information about operations carried out.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable + amounts of log data, and should only be used when + investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for + use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log + data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will + override the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" +TARGET="_top" +>log + level</A +> parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-l <log directory></DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, + <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>log directory</I +></TT +> + specifies a log directory into which the "log.smbd" log file will be created for informational and debug messages from the running server. The log file generated is never removed by the server although - its size may be controlled by the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#maxlogsize" target="_top"><i><tt>max log size</tt></i></a> - option in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. <span class="emphasis"><em>Beware:</em></span> - If the directory specified does not exist, <b>smbd</b> + its size may be controlled by the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#maxlogsize" +TARGET="_top" +>max log size</A +> + option in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file. <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Beware:</I +> + If the directory specified does not exist, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> will log to the default debug log location defined at compile time. - </p><p>The default log directory is specified at - compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p <port number></span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>port number</tt></i> is a positive integer + </P +><P +>The default log directory is specified at + compile time.</P +></DD +><DT +>-O <socket options></DT +><DD +><P +>See the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#socketoptions" +TARGET="_top" +>socket options</A +> + parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +></A +> file for details.</P +></DD +><DT +>-p <port number></DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>port number</I +></TT +> is a positive integer value. The default value if this parameter is not - specified is 139.</p><p>This number is the port number that will be + specified is 139.</P +><P +>This number is the port number that will be used when making connections to the server from client software. The standard (well-known) port number for the SMB over TCP is 139, hence the default. If you wish to run the server as an ordinary user rather than as root, most systems will require you to use a port number greater than 1024 - ask your system administrator - for help if you are in this situation.</p><p>In order for the server to be useful by most + for help if you are in this situation.</P +><P +>In order for the server to be useful by most clients, should you configure it on a port other than 139, you will require port redirection services on port 139, details of which are outlined in rfc1002.txt - section 4.3.5.</p><p>This parameter is not normally specified except - in the above situation.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>If the server is to be run by the - <b>inetd</b> meta-daemon, this file + section 4.3.5.</P +><P +>This parameter is not normally specified except + in the above situation.</P +></DD +><DT +>-s <configuration file></DT +><DD +><P +>The file specified contains the + configuration details required by the server. The + information in this file includes server-specific + information such as what printcap file to use, as well + as descriptions of all the services that the server is + to provide. See <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> for more information. + The default configuration file name is determined at + compile time.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN123" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>If the server is to be run by the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +> meta-daemon, this file must contain suitable startup information for the - meta-daemon. See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">"How to Install and Test SAMBA"</a> + meta-daemon. See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> document for details. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/rc</tt></span></dt><dd><p>or whatever initialization script your - system uses).</p><p>If running the server as a daemon at startup, + </P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/rc</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>or whatever initialization script your + system uses).</P +><P +>If running the server as a daemon at startup, this file will need to contain an appropriate startup - sequence for the server. See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">"How to Install and Test SAMBA"</a> - document for details.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/services</tt></span></dt><dd><p>If running the server via the - meta-daemon <b>inetd</b>, this file + sequence for the server. See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> + document for details.</P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>If running the server via the + meta-daemon <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>, this file must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). - See the <a href="install.html" target="_top">"How to Install and Test SAMBA"</a> - document for details.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This is the default location of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> server configuration file. Other common places that systems - install this file are <tt>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt> - and <tt>/etc/samba/smb.conf</tt>.</p><p>This file describes all the services the server - is to make available to clients. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> for more information.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>LIMITATIONS</h2><p>On some systems <b>smbd</b> cannot change uid back + See the <A +HREF="UNIX_INSTALL.html" +TARGET="_top" +>UNIX_INSTALL.html</A +> + document for details.</P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This is the default location of the + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +></A +> + server configuration file. Other common places that systems + install this file are <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/smb.conf</TT +>.</P +><P +>This file describes all the services the server + is to make available to clients. See <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> for more information.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN159" +></A +><H2 +>LIMITATIONS</H2 +><P +>On some systems <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> cannot change uid back to root after a setuid() call. Such systems are called trapdoor uid systems. If you have such a system, you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as two different users at once. Attempts to connect the second user will result in access denied or - similar.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>PRINTER</tt></span></dt><dd><p>If no printer name is specified to + similar.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN163" +></A +><H2 +>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PRINTER</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>If no printer name is specified to printable services, most systems will use the value of - this variable (or <tt>lp</tt> if this variable is + this variable (or <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lp</TT +> if this variable is not defined) as the name of the printer to use. This - is not specific to the server, however.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>PAM INTERACTION</h2><p>Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext + is not specific to the server, however.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN172" +></A +><H2 +>PAM INTERACTION</H2 +><P +>Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for session management. The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted - by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESRICTIONS" target="_top"><i><tt>obey - pam restricions</tt></i></a> <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> paramater. When this is set, the following restrictions apply: - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Account Validation</em></span>: All accesses to a + by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESRICTIONS" +TARGET="_top" +>obey pam restricions</A +> + smb.conf paramater. When this is set, the following restrictions apply: + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Account Validation</I +>: All accesses to a samba server are checked against PAM to see if the account is vaild, not disabled and is permitted to login at this time. This also applies to encrypted logins. - </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Session Management</em></span>: When not using share + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Session Management</I +>: When not using share level secuirty, users must pass PAM's session checks before access is granted. Note however, that this is bypassed in share level secuirty. Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line added for session support. - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p>Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN183" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN186" +></A +><H2 +>DIAGNOSTICS</H2 +><P +>Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged in a specified log file. The log file name is specified - at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line.</p><p>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends + at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line.</P +><P +>The number and nature of diagnostics available depends on the debug level used by the server. If you have problems, set - the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.</p><p>Most messages are reasonably self-explanatory. Unfortunately, + the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.</P +><P +>Most messages are reasonably self-explanatory. Unfortunately, at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics available in the source code to warrant describing each and every diagnostic. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the - diagnostics you are seeing.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SIGNALS</h2><p>Sending the <b>smbd</b> a SIGHUP will cause it to - reload its <tt>smb.conf</tt> configuration - file within a short period of time.</p><p>To shut down a user's <b>smbd</b> process it is recommended - that <b>SIGKILL (-9)</b> <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> + diagnostics you are seeing.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN191" +></A +><H2 +>SIGNALS</H2 +><P +>Sending the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> a SIGHUP will cause it to + reload its <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> configuration + file within a short period of time.</P +><P +>To shut down a user's <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> process it is recommended + that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>SIGKILL (-9)</B +> <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared memory area in an inconsistent state. The safe way to terminate - an <b>smbd</b> is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for - it to die on its own.</p><p>The debug log level of <b>smbd</b> may be raised - or lowered using <a href="smbcontrol.1.html">smbcontrol(1)</a> program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer - used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, - whilst still running at a normally low log level.</p><p>Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, - they are not re-entrant in <b>smbd</b>. This you should wait until - <b>smbd</b> is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before + an <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for + it to die on its own.</P +><P +>The debug log level of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> may be raised + or lowered using <A +HREF="smbcontrol.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbcontrol(1) + </B +></A +> program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer used in + Samba 2.2). This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, + whilst still running at a normally low log level.</P +><P +>Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, + they are not re-entrant in <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>. This you should wait until + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before issuing them. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe by un-blocking the signals before the select call and re-blocking - them after, however this would affect performance.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="hosts_access.5.html">hosts_access(5)</a>, <a href="inetd.8.html">inetd(8)</a>, <a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, <a href="testparm.1.html">testparm(1)</a>, <a href="testprns.1.html">testprns(1)</a>, and the - Internet RFC's <tt>rfc1001.txt</tt>, <tt>rfc1002.txt</tt>. + them after, however this would affect performance.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN208" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +>hosts_access(5), <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd(8)</B +>, + <A +HREF="nmbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> + </A +>, <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1) + </B +></A +>, <A +HREF="testparm.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> testparm(1)</B +></A +>, <A +HREF="testprns.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns(1)</B +></A +>, and the Internet RFC's + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1001.txt</TT +>, <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>rfc1002.txt</TT +>. In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available - as a link from the Web page <a href="http://samba.org/cifs/" target="_top"> - http://samba.org/cifs/</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + as a link from the Web page <A +HREF="http://samba.org/cifs/" +TARGET="_top" +> + http://samba.org/cifs/</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN225" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for - Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbmnt.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbmnt.8.html index d577a6a3a7..06b9fb1fd3 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbmnt.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbmnt.8.html @@ -1,24 +1,179 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbmnt</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbmnt.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbmnt — helper utility for mounting SMB filesystems</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbmnt</tt> {mount-point} [-s <share>] [-r] [-u <uid>] [-g <gid>] [-f <mask>] [-d <mask>] [-o <options>] [-h]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p><b>smbmnt</b> is a helper application used +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbmnt</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBMNT" +></A +>smbmnt</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbmnt -- helper utility for mounting SMB filesystems</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> {mount-point} [-s <share>] [-r] [-u <uid>] [-g <gid>] [-f <mask>] [-d <mask>] [-o <options>]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN19" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> is a helper application used by the smbmount program to do the actual mounting of SMB shares. - <b>smbmnt</b> can be installed setuid root if you want - normal users to be able to mount their SMB shares.</p><p>A setuid smbmnt will only allow mounts on directories owned - by the user, and that the user has write permission on.</p><p>The <b>smbmnt</b> program is normally invoked - by <a href="smbmount.8.html">smbmount(8)</a>. It should not be invoked directly by users. </p><p>smbmount searches the normal PATH for smbmnt. You must ensure - that the smbmnt version in your path matches the smbmount used.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt><dd><p>mount the filesystem read-only - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-u uid</span></dt><dd><p>specify the uid that the files will - be owned by </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-g gid</span></dt><dd><p>specify the gid that the files will be - owned by </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-f mask</span></dt><dd><p>specify the octal file mask applied - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d mask</span></dt><dd><p>specify the octal directory mask - applied </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-o options</span></dt><dd><p> - list of options that are passed as-is to smbfs, if this + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> can be installed setuid root if you want + normal users to be able to mount their SMB shares.</P +><P +>A setuid smbmnt will only allow mounts on directories owned + by the user, and that the user has write permission on.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> program is normally invoked + by <A +HREF="smbmount.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount(8)</B +> + </A +>. It should not be invoked directly by users. </P +><P +>smbmount searches the normal PATH for smbmnt. You must ensure + that the smbmnt version in your path matches the smbmount used.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN30" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-r</DT +><DD +><P +>mount the filesystem read-only + </P +></DD +><DT +>-u uid</DT +><DD +><P +>specify the uid that the files will + be owned by </P +></DD +><DT +>-g gid</DT +><DD +><P +>specify the gid that the files will be + owned by </P +></DD +><DT +>-f mask</DT +><DD +><P +>specify the octal file mask applied + </P +></DD +><DT +>-d mask</DT +><DD +><P +>specify the octal directory mask + applied </P +></DD +><DT +>-o options</DT +><DD +><P +> list of options that are passed as-is to smbfs, if this command is run on a 2.4 or higher Linux kernel. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield - and others.</p><p>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace - tools <b>smbmount</b>, <b>smbumount</b>, - and <b>smbmnt</b> is <a href="mailto:urban@teststation.com" target="_top">Urban Widmark</a>. - The <a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">SAMBA Mailing list</a> + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN57" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield + and others.</P +><P +>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace + tools <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbumount</B +>, + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> is <A +HREF="mailto:urban@teststation.com" +TARGET="_top" +>Urban Widmark</A +>. + The <A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>SAMBA Mailing list</A +> is the preferred place to ask questions regarding these programs. - </p><p>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 - was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + </P +><P +>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbmount.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbmount.8.html index 94560fba66..81a3ac04b2 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbmount.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbmount.8.html @@ -1,70 +1,321 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbmount</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbmount.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbmount — mount an smbfs filesystem</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbmount</tt> {service} {mount-point} [-o options]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p><b>smbmount</b> mounts a Linux SMB filesystem. It - is usually invoked as <b>mount.smbfs</b> by - the <a href="mount.8.html">mount(8)</a> command when using the - "-t smbfs" option. This command only works in Linux, and the kernel must - support the smbfs filesystem. </p><p>Options to <b>smbmount</b> are specified as a comma-separated +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbmount</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBMOUNT" +></A +>smbmount</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbmount -- mount an smbfs filesystem</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> {service} {mount-point} [-o options]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN14" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> mounts a Linux SMB filesystem. It + is usually invoked as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mount.smbfs</B +> by + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mount(8)</B +> command when using the + "-t smbfs" option. This command only works in Linux, and the kernel must + support the smbfs filesystem. </P +><P +>Options to <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> are specified as a comma-separated list of key=value pairs. It is possible to send options other than those listed here, assuming that smbfs supports them. If you get mount failures, check your kernel log for errors on - unknown options.</p><p><b>smbmount</b> is a daemon. After mounting it keeps running until + unknown options.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> is a daemon. After mounting it keeps running until the mounted smbfs is umounted. It will log things that happen - when in daemon mode using the "machine name" smbmount, so - typically this output will end up in <tt>log.smbmount</tt>. The <b> - smbmount</b> process may also be called mount.smbfs.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>NOTE:</em></span> <b>smbmount</b> - calls <a href="smbmnt.8.html">smbmnt(8)</a> to do the actual mount. You - must make sure that <b>smbmnt</b> is in the path so - that it can be found. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">username=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>specifies the username to connect as. If - this is not given, then the environment variable <tt> - USER</tt> is used. This option can also take the - form "user%password" or "user/workgroup" or - "user/workgroup%password" to allow the password and workgroup - to be specified as part of the username.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">password=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>specifies the SMB password. If this + when in daemon mode using the "machine name" smbmount, so + typically this output will end up in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>log.smbmount</TT +>. The + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> process may also be called mount.smbfs.</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOTE:</I +></SPAN +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> + calls <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt(8)</B +> to do the actual mount. You + must make sure that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> is in the path so + that it can be found. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN31" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>username=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>specifies the username to connect as. If + this is not given, then the environment variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +> USER</TT +> is used. This option can also take the + form "user%password" or "user/workgroup" or + "user/workgroup%password" to allow the password and workgroup + to be specified as part of the username.</P +></DD +><DT +>password=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>specifies the SMB password. If this option is not given then the environment variable - <tt>PASSWD</tt> is used. If it can find - no password <b>smbmount</b> will prompt + <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD</TT +> is used. If it can find + no password <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +> will prompt for a passeword, unless the guest option is - given. </p><p> - Note that passwords which contain the argument delimiter + given. </P +><P +> Note that passwords which contain the argument delimiter character (i.e. a comma ',') will failed to be parsed correctly on the command line. However, the same password defined in the PASSWD environment variable or a credentials file (see below) will be read correctly. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">credentials=<filename></span></dt><dd><p>specifies a file that contains a username and/or password. -The format of the file is: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -username = <value> -password = <value> -</pre><p>This is preferred over having passwords in plaintext in a - shared file, such as <tt>/etc/fstab</tt>. Be sure to protect any + </P +></DD +><DT +>credentials=<filename></DT +><DD +><P +>specifies a file that contains a username + and/or password. The format of the file is:</P +><P +> <PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> username = <value> + password = <value> + </PRE +> + </P +><P +>This is preferred over having passwords in plaintext in a + shared file, such as <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/fstab</TT +>. Be sure to protect any credentials file properly. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">krb</span></dt><dd><p>Use kerberos (Active Directory). </p></dd><dt><span class="term">netbiosname=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>sets the source NetBIOS name. It defaults - to the local hostname. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">uid=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>sets the uid that will own all files on + </P +></DD +><DT +>netbiosname=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the source NetBIOS name. It defaults + to the local hostname. </P +></DD +><DT +>uid=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the uid that will own all files on the mounted filesystem. It may be specified as either a username or a numeric uid. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">gid=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>sets the gid that will own all files on + </P +></DD +><DT +>gid=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the gid that will own all files on the mounted filesystem. It may be specified as either a groupname or a numeric - gid. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">port=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>sets the remote SMB port number. The default - is 139. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">fmask=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>sets the file mask. This determines the + gid. </P +></DD +><DT +>port=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the remote SMB port number. The default + is 139. </P +></DD +><DT +>fmask=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the file mask. This determines the permissions that remote files have in the local filesystem. - The default is based on the current umask. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">dmask=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the directory mask. This determines the + The default is based on the current umask. </P +></DD +><DT +>dmask=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the directory mask. This determines the permissions that remote directories have in the local filesystem. - The default is based on the current umask. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">debug=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the debug level. This is useful for + The default is based on the current umask. </P +></DD +><DT +>debug=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the debug level. This is useful for tracking down SMB connection problems. A suggested value to start with is 4. If set too high there will be a lot of - output, possibly hiding the useful output.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">ip=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the destination host or IP address. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">workgroup=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the workgroup on the destination </p></dd><dt><span class="term">sockopt=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the TCP socket options. See the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SOCKETOPTIONS" target="_top"><a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></a> <i><tt>socket options</tt></i> option. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">scope=<arg></span></dt><dd><p>Sets the NetBIOS scope </p></dd><dt><span class="term">guest</span></dt><dd><p>Don't prompt for a password </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ro</span></dt><dd><p>mount read-only </p></dd><dt><span class="term">rw</span></dt><dd><p>mount read-write </p></dd><dt><span class="term">iocharset=<arg></span></dt><dd><p> - sets the charset used by the Linux side for codepage + output, possibly hiding the useful output.</P +></DD +><DT +>ip=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the destination host or IP address. + </P +></DD +><DT +>workgroup=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the workgroup on the destination </P +></DD +><DT +>sockopt=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the TCP socket options. See the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SOCKETOPTIONS" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf + </TT +></A +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>socket options</I +></TT +> option. + </P +></DD +><DT +>scope=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +>sets the NetBIOS scope </P +></DD +><DT +>guest</DT +><DD +><P +>don't prompt for a password </P +></DD +><DT +>ro</DT +><DD +><P +>mount read-only </P +></DD +><DT +>rw</DT +><DD +><P +>mount read-write </P +></DD +><DT +>iocharset=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +> sets the charset used by the Linux side for codepage to charset translations (NLS). Argument should be the name of a charset, like iso8859-1. (Note: only kernel 2.4.0 or later) - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">codepage=<arg></span></dt><dd><p> - sets the codepage the server uses. See the iocharset + </P +></DD +><DT +>codepage=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +> sets the codepage the server uses. See the iocharset option. Example value cp850. (Note: only kernel 2.4.0 or later) - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">ttl=<arg></span></dt><dd><p> - sets how long a directory listing is cached in milliseconds + </P +></DD +><DT +>ttl=<arg></DT +><DD +><P +> sets how long a directory listing is cached in milliseconds (also affects visibility of file size and date changes). A higher value means that changes on the server take longer to be noticed but it can give @@ -73,34 +324,141 @@ password = <value> like 10000ms (10 seconds) is probably more reasonable in many cases. (Note: only kernel 2.4.2 or later) - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h2><p>The variable <tt>USER</tt> may contain the username of the + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN125" +></A +><H2 +>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</H2 +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>USER</TT +> may contain the username of the person using the client. This information is used only if the protocol level is high enough to support session-level passwords. The variable can be used to set both username and - password by using the format username%password.</p><p>The variable <tt>PASSWD</tt> may contain the password of the + password by using the format username%password.</P +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD</TT +> may contain the password of the person using the client. This information is used only if the protocol level is high enough to support session-level - passwords.</p><p>The variable <tt>PASSWD_FILE</tt> may contain the pathname + passwords.</P +><P +>The variable <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>PASSWD_FILE</TT +> may contain the pathname of a file to read the password from. A single line of input is - read and used as the password.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>BUGS</h2><p>Passwords and other options containing , can not be handled. + read and used as the password.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN133" +></A +><H2 +>BUGS</H2 +><P +>Passwords and other options containing , can not be handled. For passwords an alternative way of passing them is in a credentials - file or in the PASSWD environment.</p><p>The credentials file does not handle usernames or passwords with - leading space.</p><p>One smbfs bug is important enough to mention here, even if it - is a bit misplaced:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Mounts sometimes stop working. This is usually + file or in the PASSWD environment.</P +><P +>The credentials file does not handle usernames or passwords with + leading space.</P +><P +>One smbfs bug is important enough to mention here, even if it + is a bit misplaced:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Mounts sometimes stop working. This is usually caused by smbmount terminating. Since smbfs needs smbmount to reconnect when the server disconnects, the mount will eventually go dead. An umount/mount normally fixes this. At least 2 ways to - trigger this bug are known.</p></li></ul></div><p>Note that the typical response to a bug report is suggestion + trigger this bug are known.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Note that the typical response to a bug report is suggestion to try the latest version first. So please try doing that first, and always include which versions you use of relevant software - when reporting bugs (minimum: samba, kernel, distribution)</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p>Documentation/filesystems/smbfs.txt in the linux kernel - source tree may contain additional options and information.</p><p>FreeBSD also has a smbfs, but it is not related to smbmount</p><p>For Solaris, HP-UX and others you may want to look at <a href="smbsh.1.html">smbsh(1)</a> or at other solutions, such as - Sharity or perhaps replacing the SMB server with a NFS server.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield - and others.</p><p>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace - tools <b>smbmount</b>, <b>smbumount</b>, - and <b>smbmnt</b> is <a href="mailto:urban@teststation.com" target="_top">Urban Widmark</a>. - The <a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">SAMBA Mailing list</a> + when reporting bugs (minimum: samba, kernel, distribution)</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN142" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +>Documentation/filesystems/smbfs.txt in the linux kernel + source tree may contain additional options and information.</P +><P +>FreeBSD also has a smbfs, but it is not related to smbmount</P +><P +>For Solaris, HP-UX and others you may want to look at + <A +HREF="smbsh.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh(1)</B +></A +> or at other + solutions, such as sharity or perhaps replacing the SMB server with + a NFS server.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN149" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield + and others.</P +><P +>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace + tools <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbumount</B +>, + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> is <A +HREF="mailto:urban@teststation.com" +TARGET="_top" +>Urban Widmark</A +>. + The <A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>SAMBA Mailing list</A +> is the preferred place to ask questions regarding these programs. - </p><p>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 - was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + </P +><P +>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.5.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.5.html index 82cb3450e9..ac3ab94691 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.5.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.5.html @@ -1,89 +1,357 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbpasswd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbpasswd.5"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbpasswd — The Samba encrypted password file</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><p><tt>smbpasswd</tt></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file. It contains +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbpasswd</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBPASSWD" +></A +>smbpasswd</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbpasswd -- The Samba encrypted password file</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd</TT +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN11" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>smbpasswd is the Samba encrypted password file. It contains the username, Unix user id and the SMB hashed passwords of the user, as well as account flag information and the time the password was last changed. This file format has been evolving with - Samba and has had several different formats in the past. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILE FORMAT</h2><p>The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2.2 - is very similar to the familiar Unix <tt>passwd(5)</tt> + Samba and has had several different formats in the past. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN16" +></A +><H2 +>FILE FORMAT</H2 +><P +>The format of the smbpasswd file used by Samba 2.2 + is very similar to the familiar Unix <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>passwd(5)</TT +> file. It is an ASCII file containing one line for each user. Each field ithin each line is separated from the next by a colon. Any entry beginning with '#' is ignored. The smbpasswd file contains the - following information for each user: </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">name</span></dt><dd><p> This is the user name. It must be a name that - already exists in the standard UNIX passwd file. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">uid</span></dt><dd><p>This is the UNIX uid. It must match the uid + following information for each user: </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>name</DT +><DD +><P +> This is the user name. It must be a name that + already exists in the standard UNIX passwd file. </P +></DD +><DT +>uid</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the UNIX uid. It must match the uid field for the same user entry in the standard UNIX passwd file. If this does not match then Samba will refuse to recognize this smbpasswd file entry as being valid for a user. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Lanman Password Hash</span></dt><dd><p>This is the LANMAN hash of the user's password, + </P +></DD +><DT +>Lanman Password Hash</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the LANMAN hash of the user's password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The LANMAN hash is created by DES encrypting a well known string with the user's password as the DES key. This is the same password used by Windows 95/98 machines. Note that this password hash is regarded as weak as it is vulnerable to dictionary attacks and if two users choose the same password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password - is not "salted" as the UNIX password is). If the user has a - null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD" + is not "salted" as the UNIX password is). If the user has a + null password this field will contain the characters "NO PASSWORD" as the start of the hex string. If the hex string is equal to 32 'X' characters then the user's account is marked as - <tt>disabled</tt> and the user will not be able to - log onto the Samba server. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING !!</em></span> Note that, due to + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>disabled</TT +> and the user will not be able to + log onto the Samba server. </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>WARNING !!</I +></SPAN +> Note that, due to the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this - reason these hashes are known as <span class="emphasis"><em>plain text - equivalents</em></span> and must <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be made + reason these hashes are known as <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>plain text + equivalents</I +></SPAN +> and must <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +></SPAN +> be made available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no - other access. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">NT Password Hash</span></dt><dd><p>This is the Windows NT hash of the user's + other access. </P +></DD +><DT +>NT Password Hash</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the Windows NT hash of the user's password, encoded as 32 hex digits. The Windows NT hash is created by taking the user's password as represented in 16-bit, little-endian UNICODE and then applying the MD4 - (internet rfc1321) hashing algorithm to it. </p><p>This password hash is considered more secure than + (internet rfc1321) hashing algorithm to it. </P +><P +>This password hash is considered more secure than the LANMAN Password Hash as it preserves the case of the password and uses a much higher quality hashing algorithm. However, it is still the case that if two users choose the same password this entry will be identical (i.e. the password is - not "salted" as the UNIX password is). </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING !!</em></span>. Note that, due to + not "salted" as the UNIX password is). </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>WARNING !!</I +></SPAN +>. Note that, due to the challenge-response nature of the SMB/CIFS authentication protocol, anyone with a knowledge of this password hash will be able to impersonate the user on the network. For this - reason these hashes are known as <span class="emphasis"><em>plain text - equivalents</em></span> and must <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> be made + reason these hashes are known as <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>plain text + equivalents</I +></SPAN +> and must <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +></SPAN +> be made available to anyone but the root user. To protect these passwords the smbpasswd file is placed in a directory with read and traverse access only to the root user and the smbpasswd file itself must be set to be read/write only by root, with no - other access. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Account Flags</span></dt><dd><p>This section contains flags that describe + other access. </P +></DD +><DT +>Account Flags</DT +><DD +><P +>This section contains flags that describe the attributes of the users account. In the Samba 2.2 release this field is bracketed by '[' and ']' characters and is always 13 characters in length (including the '[' and ']' characters). - The contents of this field may be any of the following characters: - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>U</em></span> - This means - this is a "User" account, i.e. an ordinary user. Only User + The contents of this field may be any of the characters. + </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>U</I +></SPAN +> - This means + this is a "User" account, i.e. an ordinary user. Only User and Workstation Trust accounts are currently supported - in the smbpasswd file. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>N</em></span> - This means the + in the smbpasswd file. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>N</I +></SPAN +> - This means the account has no password (the passwords in the fields LANMAN Password Hash and NT Password Hash are ignored). Note that this - will only allow users to log on with no password if the <i><tt> - null passwords</tt></i> parameter is set in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#NULLPASSWORDS" target="_top"><a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></a> config file. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>D</em></span> - This means the account - is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed for this user. </p></li><li><p><span class="emphasis"><em>W</em></span> - This means this account - is a "Workstation Trust" account. This kind of account is used + will only allow users to log on with no password if the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> null passwords</I +></TT +> parameter is set in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NULLPASSWORDS" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +></A +> config file. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>D</I +></SPAN +> - This means the account + is disabled and no SMB/CIFS logins will be allowed for + this user. </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>W</I +></SPAN +> - This means this account + is a "Workstation Trust" account. This kind of account is used in the Samba PDC code stream to allow Windows NT Workstations - and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC. </p></li></ul></div><p>Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future. - The rest of this field space is filled in with spaces. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Last Change Time</span></dt><dd><p>This field consists of the time the account was + and Servers to join a Domain hosted by a Samba PDC. </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Other flags may be added as the code is extended in future. + The rest of this field space is filled in with spaces. </P +></DD +><DT +>Last Change Time</DT +><DD +><P +>This field consists of the time the account was last modified. It consists of the characters 'LCT-' (standing for - "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric encoding of the UNIX time + "Last Change Time") followed by a numeric encoding of the UNIX time in seconds since the epoch (1970) that the last change was made. - </p></dd></dl></div><p>All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbpasswd.8.html">smbpasswd(8)</a>, <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a>, and + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>All other colon separated fields are ignored at this time.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN73" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN76" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbpasswd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +>, and the Internet RFC1321 for details on the MD4 algorithm. - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN82" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.8.html index 44a1089e13..da3cb9f601 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbpasswd.8.html @@ -1,163 +1,626 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbpasswd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbpasswd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbpasswd — change a user's SMB password</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbpasswd</tt> [-a] [-x] [-d] [-e] [-D debuglevel] [-n] [-r <remote machine>] [-R <name resolve order>] [-m] [-U username[%password]] [-h] [-s] [-w pass] [-i] [-L] [username]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>The smbpasswd program has several different - functions, depending on whether it is run by the <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> user - or not. When run as a normal user it allows the user to change +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbpasswd</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBPASSWD">smbpasswd</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbpasswd -- change a user's SMB password</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> [-a] [-x] [-d] [-e] [-D debuglevel] [-n] [-r <remote machine>] [-R <name resolve order>] [-m] [-U username[%password]] [-h] [-s] [-w pass] [-i] [-L] [username]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN27" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>The smbpasswd program has several different + functions, depending on whether it is run by the <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>root</I +> + user or not. When run as a normal user it allows the user to change the password used for their SMB sessions on any machines that store - SMB passwords. </p><p>By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to + SMB passwords. </P +><P +>By default (when run with no arguments) it will attempt to change the current user's SMB password on the local machine. This is - similar to the way the <b>passwd(1)</b> program works. <b> - smbpasswd</b> differs from how the passwd program works - however in that it is not <span class="emphasis"><em>setuid root</em></span> but works in - a client-server mode and communicates with a - locally running <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>. As a consequence in order for this to + similar to the way the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd(1)</B +> program works. + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> differs from how the passwd program works + however in that it is not <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>setuid root</I +> but works in + a client-server mode and communicates with a locally running + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +>. As a consequence in order for this to succeed the smbd daemon must be running on the local machine. On a UNIX machine the encrypted SMB passwords are usually stored in - the <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> file. </p><p>When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd(5)</TT +> file. </P +><P +>When run by an ordinary user with no options, smbpasswd will prompt them for their old SMB password and then ask them for their new password twice, to ensure that the new password was typed correctly. No passwords will be echoed on the screen whilst being typed. If you have a blank SMB password (specified by - the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file) then just press - the <Enter> key when asked for your old password. </p><p>smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their + the string "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file) then just press + the <Enter> key when asked for your old password. </P +><P +>smbpasswd can also be used by a normal user to change their SMB password on remote machines, such as Windows NT Primary Domain - Controllers. See the (<i><tt>-r</tt></i>) and <i><tt>-U</tt></i> options - below. </p><p>When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added + Controllers. See the (-r) and -U options below. </P +><P +>When run by root, smbpasswd allows new users to be added and deleted in the smbpasswd file, as well as allows changes to - the attributes of the user in this file to be made. When run by root, <b> - smbpasswd</b> accesses the local smbpasswd file + the attributes of the user in this file to be made. When run by root, + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> accesses the local smbpasswd file directly, thus enabling changes to be made even if smbd is not - running. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username + running. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN43" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-a</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies that the username following should be added to the local smbpasswd file, with the - new password typed (type <Enter> for the old password). This + new password typed (type <Enter> for the old password). This option is ignored if the username following already exists in the smbpasswd file and it is treated like a regular change password command. Note that the default passdb backends require the user to already exist in the system password file (usually - <tt>/etc/passwd</tt>), else the request to add the - user will fail. </p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd - as root. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-x</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +>), else the request to add the + user will fail. </P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd + as root. </P +></DD +><DT +>-x</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies that the username following should be deleted from the local smbpasswd file. - </p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as - root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following - should be <tt>disabled</tt> in the local smbpasswd - file. This is done by writing a <tt>'D'</tt> flag + </P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as + root.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies that the username following + should be <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>disabled</TT +> in the local smbpasswd + file. This is done by writing a <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>'D'</TT +> flag into the account control space in the smbpasswd file. Once this is done all attempts to authenticate via SMB using this username - will fail. </p><p>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0 + will fail. </P +><P +>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format (pre-Samba 2.0 format) there is no space in the user's password entry to write - this information and the command will FAIL. See <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> for details on the 'old' and new password file formats. - </p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as - root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-e</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following - should be <tt>enabled</tt> in the local smbpasswd file, + this information and the command will FAIL. See <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd(5) + </B +> for details on the 'old' and new password file formats. + </P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as + root.</P +></DD +><DT +>-e</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies that the username following + should be <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>enabled</TT +> in the local smbpasswd file, if the account was previously disabled. If the account was not disabled this option has no effect. Once the account is enabled then - the user will be able to authenticate via SMB once again. </p><p>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then <b> - smbpasswd</b> will FAIL to enable the account. - See <a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a> for - details on the 'old' and new password file formats. </p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-D debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer + the user will be able to authenticate via SMB once again. </P +><P +>If the smbpasswd file is in the 'old' format, then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbpasswd</B +> will FAIL to enable the account. + See <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd (5)</B +> for + details on the 'old' and new password file formats. </P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-D debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is not specified - is zero. </p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the + is zero. </P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of smbpasswd. At level 0, only - critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. </p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log + critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. </P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log data, most of which is extremely cryptic. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n</span></dt><dd><p>This option specifies that the username following + </P +></DD +><DT +>-n</DT +><DD +><P +>This option specifies that the username following should have their password set to null (i.e. a blank password) in - the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the string "NO - PASSWORD" as the first part of the first password stored in the - smbpasswd file. </p><p>Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once - the password has been set to "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd + the local smbpasswd file. This is done by writing the string "NO + PASSWORD" as the first part of the first password stored in the + smbpasswd file. </P +><P +>Note that to allow users to logon to a Samba server once + the password has been set to "NO PASSWORD" in the smbpasswd file the administrator must set the following parameter in the [global] - section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file : </p><p><b>null passwords = yes</b></p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as - root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-r remote machine name</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows a user to specify what machine + section of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file : </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>null passwords = yes</B +></P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as + root.</P +></DD +><DT +>-r remote machine name</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows a user to specify what machine they wish to change their password on. Without this parameter - smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The <i><tt>remote - machine name</tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS + smbpasswd defaults to the local host. The <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>remote + machine name</I +></TT +> is the NetBIOS name of the SMB/CIFS server to contact to attempt the password change. This name is resolved into an IP address using the standard name resolution - mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the <i><tt>-R - name resolve order</tt></i> parameter for details on changing - this resolving mechanism. </p><p>The username whose password is changed is that of the - current UNIX logged on user. See the <i><tt>-U username</tt></i> + mechanism in all programs of the Samba suite. See the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-R + name resolve order</I +></TT +> parameter for details on changing + this resolving mechanism. </P +><P +>The username whose password is changed is that of the + current UNIX logged on user. See the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-U username</I +></TT +> parameter for details on changing the password for a different - username. </p><p>Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the + username. </P +><P +>Note that if changing a Windows NT Domain password the remote machine specified must be the Primary Domain Controller for the domain (Backup Domain Controllers only have a read-only copy of the user account database and will not allow the password - change).</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>Note</em></span> that Windows 95/98 do not have + change).</P +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Note</I +> that Windows 95/98 do not have a real password database so it is not possible to change passwords - specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-R name resolve order</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine + specifying a Win95/98 machine as remote machine target. </P +></DD +><DT +>-R name resolve order</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows the user of smbpasswd to determine what name resolution services to use when looking up the NetBIOS - name of the host being connected to. </p><p>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They - cause names to be resolved as follows: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>lmhosts</tt>: Lookup an IP + name of the host being connected to. </P +><P +>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". They + cause names to be resolved as follows : </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmhosts</TT +> : Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the line in lmhosts has - no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <a href="lmhosts.5.html">lmhosts(5)</a> for details) then - any name type matches for lookup.</p></li><li><p><tt>host</tt>: Do a standard host - name to IP address resolution, using the system <tt>/etc/hosts - </tt>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution + no name type attached to the NetBIOS name (see the <A +HREF="lmhosts.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>lmhosts(5)</A +> for details) then + any name type matches for lookup.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>host</TT +> : Do a standard host + name to IP address resolution, using the system <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts + </TT +>, NIS, or DNS lookups. This method of name resolution is operating system depended for instance on IRIX or Solaris this - may be controlled by the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> + may be controlled by the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file). Note that this method is only used if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 (server) name type, otherwise - it is ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>wins</tt>: Query a name with - the IP address listed in the <i><tt>wins server</tt></i> + it is ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>wins</TT +> : Query a name with + the IP address listed in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins server</I +></TT +> parameter. If no WINS server has been specified this method - will be ignored.</p></li><li><p><tt>bcast</tt>: Do a broadcast on + will be ignored.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>bcast</TT +> : Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces listed in the - <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> parameter. This is the least + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> parameter. This is the least reliable of the name resolution methods as it depends on the - target host being on a locally connected subnet.</p></li></ul></div><p>The default order is <b>lmhosts, host, wins, bcast</b> - and without this parameter or any entry in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file the name resolution methods will - be attempted in this order. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells smbpasswd that the account + target host being on a locally connected subnet.</P +></LI +></UL +><P +>The default order is <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lmhosts, host, wins, bcast</B +> + and without this parameter or any entry in the + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file the name resolution methods will + be attempted in this order. </P +></DD +><DT +>-m</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is a MACHINE account. Currently this is used - when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U username</span></dt><dd><p>This option may only be used in conjunction - with the <i><tt>-r</tt></i> option. When changing + when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller.</P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-U username</DT +><DD +><P +>This option may only be used in conjunction + with the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-r</I +></TT +> option. When changing a password on a remote machine it allows the user to specify the user name on that machine whose password will be changed. It is present to allow users who have different user names on - different systems to change these passwords. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h</span></dt><dd><p>This option prints the help string for <b> - smbpasswd</b>, selecting the correct one for running as root - or as an ordinary user. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt><dd><p>This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e. + different systems to change these passwords. </P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>This option prints the help string for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbpasswd</B +>, selecting the correct one for running as root + or as an ordinary user. </P +></DD +><DT +>-s</DT +><DD +><P +>This option causes smbpasswd to be silent (i.e. not issue prompts) and to read its old and new passwords from - standard input, rather than from <tt>/dev/tty</tt> - (like the <b>passwd(1)</b> program does). This option - is to aid people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-w password</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter is only available if Samba + standard input, rather than from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/dev/tty</TT +> + (like the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd(1)</B +> program does). This option + is to aid people writing scripts to drive smbpasswd</P +></DD +><DT +>-w password</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter is only available if Samba has been configured to use the experimental - <b>--with-ldapsam</b> option. The <i><tt>-w</tt></i> + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>--with-ldapsam</B +> option. The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-w</I +></TT +> switch is used to specify the password to be used with the - <a href="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" target="_top"><i><tt>ldap admin - dn</tt></i></a>. Note that the password is stored in - the <tt>secrets.tdb</tt> and is keyed off - of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <i><tt>ldap - admin dn</tt></i> ever changes, the password will need to be + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#LDAPADMINDN" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap admin + dn</I +></TT +></A +>. Note that the password is stored in + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>private/secrets.tdb</TT +> and is keyed off + of the admin's DN. This means that if the value of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ldap + admin dn</I +></TT +> ever changes, the password will need to be manually updated as well. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>This option tells smbpasswd that the account + </P +></DD +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>This option tells smbpasswd that the account being changed is an interdomain trust account. Currently this is used when Samba is being used as an NT Primary Domain Controller. - The account contains the info about another trusted domain.</p><p>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L</span></dt><dd><p>Run in local mode.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">username</span></dt><dd><p>This specifies the username for all of the - <span class="emphasis"><em>root only</em></span> options to operate on. Only root + The account contains the info about another trusted domain.</P +><P +>This option is only available when running smbpasswd as root. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-L</DT +><DD +><P +>Run in local mode.</P +></DD +><DT +>username</DT +><DD +><P +>This specifies the username for all of the + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>root only</I +> options to operate on. Only root can specify this parameter as only root has the permission needed to modify attributes directly in the local smbpasswd file. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>NOTES</h2><p>Since <b>smbpasswd</b> works in client-server + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN173" +></A +><H2 +>NOTES</H2 +><P +>Since <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> works in client-server mode communicating with a local smbd for a non-root user then the smbd daemon must be running for this to work. A common problem - is to add a restriction to the hosts that may access the <b> - smbd</b> running on the local machine by specifying either <i><tt>allow - hosts</tt></i> or <i><tt>deny hosts</tt></i> entry in - the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file and neglecting to - allow "localhost" access to the smbd. </p><p>In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba - has been set up to use encrypted passwords. See the document <a href="pwencrypt.html" target="_top"> - "LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba"</a> in the docs directory for details - on how to do this. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbpasswd.5.html">smbpasswd(5)</a>, <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + is to add a restriction to the hosts that may access the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbd</B +> running on the local machine by specifying a + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>allow hosts</I +></TT +> or <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>deny hosts</I +></TT +> + entry in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file and neglecting to + allow "localhost" access to the smbd. </P +><P +>In addition, the smbpasswd command is only useful if Samba + has been set up to use encrypted passwords. See the file + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>ENCRYPTION.txt</TT +> in the docs directory for details + on how to do this. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN183" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN186" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbpasswd.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smbpasswd(5)</TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN192" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbsh.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbsh.1.html index 942f617920..bab2b45cdd 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbsh.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbsh.1.html @@ -1,110 +1,467 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbsh</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbsh.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbsh — Allows access to Windows NT filesystem - using UNIX commands</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbsh</tt> [-W workgroup] [-U username] [-P prefix] [-R <name resolve order>] [-d <debug level>] [-l logfile] [-L libdir]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbsh</b> allows you to access an NT filesystem - using UNIX commands such as <b>ls</b>, <b> - egrep</b>, and <b>rcp</b>. You must use a - shell that is dynamically linked in order for <b>smbsh</b> - to work correctly.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-W WORKGROUP</span></dt><dd><p>Override the default workgroup specified in the - workgroup parameter of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbsh</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBSH">smbsh</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbsh -- Allows access to Windows NT filesystem + using UNIX commands</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +> [-W workgroup] [-U username] [-P prefix] [-R <name resolve order>] [-d <debug level>] [-l logfile] [-L libdir]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN18" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +> allows you to access an NT filesystem + using UNIX commands such as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ls</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> egrep</B +>, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rcp</B +>. You must use a + shell that is dynamically linked in order for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +> + to work correctly.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN28" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-W WORKGROUP</DT +><DD +><P +>Override the default workgroup specified in the + workgroup parameter of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file for this session. This may be needed to connect to some - servers. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U username[%pass]</span></dt><dd><p>Sets the SMB username or username and password. + servers. </P +></DD +><DT +>-U username[%pass]</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets the SMB username or username and password. If this option is not specified, the user will be prompted for both the username and the password. If %pass is not specified, the user will be prompted for the password. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-P prefix</span></dt><dd><p>This option allows + </P +></DD +><DT +>-P prefix</DT +><DD +><P +>This option allows the user to set the directory prefix for SMB access. The default value if this option is not specified is - <span class="emphasis"><em>smb</em></span>. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-R <name resolve order></span></dt><dd><p>This option is used to determine what naming -services and in what order to resolve -host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space-separated -string of different name resolution options.</p><p>The options are: "lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". -They cause names to be resolved as follows :</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><tt>lmhosts</tt>: -Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the -line in lmhosts has no name type attached to the -NetBIOS name -(see the <a href="lmhosts.5.html">lmhosts(5)</a> for details) -then any name type matches for lookup. -</p></li><li><p><tt>host</tt>: -Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using -the system <tt>/etc/hosts</tt>, NIS, or DNS -lookups. This method of name resolution is operating -system dependent, for instance on IRIX or Solaris this -may be controlled by the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf -</tt> file). Note that this method is only used -if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 -(server) name type, otherwise it is ignored. -</p></li><li><p><tt>wins</tt>: -Query a name with the IP address listed in the -<i><tt>wins server</tt></i> parameter. If no -WINS server has been specified this method will be -ignored. -</p></li><li><p><tt>bcast</tt>: -Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces -listed in the <i><tt>interfaces</tt></i> -parameter. This is the least reliable of the name -resolution methods as it depends on the target host -being on a locally connected subnet. -</p></li></ul></div><p>If this parameter is not set then the name resolve order -defined in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file parameter -(<i><tt>name resolve order</tt></i>) will be used. </p><p>The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast. Without -this parameter or any entry in the <i><tt>name resolve order -</tt></i> parameter of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file, the name resolution methods -will be attempted in this order. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L libdir</span></dt><dd><p>This parameter specifies the location of the - shared libraries used by <b>smbsh</b>. The default + <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>smb</I +>. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-R <name resolve order></DT +><DD +><P +>This option is used to determine what naming + services and in what order to resolve + host names to IP addresses. The option takes a space-separated + string of different name resolution options.</P +><P +>The options are :"lmhosts", "host", "wins" and "bcast". + They cause names to be resolved as follows :</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>lmhosts</TT +> : + Lookup an IP address in the Samba lmhosts file. If the + line in lmhosts has no name type attached to the + NetBIOS name + (see the <A +HREF="lmhosts.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>lmhosts(5)</A +> + for details) then any name type matches for lookup. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>host</TT +> : + Do a standard host name to IP address resolution, using + the system <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +>, NIS, or DNS + lookups. This method of name resolution is operating + system dependent, for instance on IRIX or Solaris this + may be controlled by the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf + </TT +> file). Note that this method is only used + if the NetBIOS name type being queried is the 0x20 + (server) name type, otherwise it is ignored. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>wins</TT +> : + Query a name with the IP address listed in the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>wins server</I +></TT +> parameter. If no + WINS server has been specified this method will be + ignored. + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>bcast</TT +> : + Do a broadcast on each of the known local interfaces + listed in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>interfaces</I +></TT +> + parameter. This is the least reliable of the name + resolution methods as it depends on the target host + being on a locally connected subnet. + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>If this parameter is not set then the name resolve order + defined in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file parameter + (name resolve order) will be used. </P +><P +>The default order is lmhosts, host, wins, bcast. Without + this parameter or any entry in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name resolve order + </I +></TT +> parameter of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> + file, the name resolution methods will be attempted in this + order. </P +></DD +><DT +>-d <debug level></DT +><DD +><P +>debug level is an integer from 0 to 10.</P +><P +>The default value if this parameter is not specified + is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged + about the activities of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmblookup</B +>. At level + 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-l logfilename</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified causes all debug messages to be + written to the file specified by <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>logfilename + </I +></TT +>. If not specified then all messages will be + written to<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>stderr</I +></TT +>. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-L libdir</DT +><DD +><P +>This parameter specifies the location of the + shared libraries used by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +>. The default value is specified at compile time. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXAMPLES</h2><p>To use the <b>smbsh</b> command, execute <b> - smbsh</b> from the prompt and enter the username and password + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN91" +></A +><H2 +>EXAMPLES</H2 +><P +>To use the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +> command, execute <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbsh</B +> from the prompt and enter the username and password that authenticates you to the machine running the Windows NT - operating system. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>system% </tt><b><tt>smbsh</tt></b> -<tt>Username: </tt><b><tt>user</tt></b> -<tt>Password: </tt><b><tt>XXXXXXX</tt></b> -</pre><p>Any dynamically linked command you execute from - this shell will access the <tt>/smb</tt> directory - using the smb protocol. For example, the command <b>ls /smb - </b> will show a list of workgroups. The command - <b>ls /smb/MYGROUP </b> will show all the machines in + operating system.</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>system% </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>smbsh</B +></TT +> + <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>Username: </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>user</B +></TT +> + <TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>Password: </TT +><TT +CLASS="USERINPUT" +><B +>XXXXXXX</B +></TT +> + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>Any dynamically linked command you execute from + this shell will access the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/smb</TT +> directory + using the smb protocol. For example, the command <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ls /smb + </B +> will show a list of workgroups. The command + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ls /smb/MYGROUP </B +> will show all the machines in the workgroup MYGROUP. The command - <b>ls /smb/MYGROUP/<machine-name></b> will show the share - names for that machine. You could then, for example, use the <b> - cd</b> command to change directories, <b>vi</b> to - edit files, and <b>rcp</b> to copy files.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>BUGS</h2><p><b>smbsh</b> works by intercepting the standard - libc calls with the dynamically loaded versions in <tt> - smbwrapper.o</tt>. Not all calls have been "wrapped", so - some programs may not function correctly under <b>smbsh - </b>.</p><p>Programs which are not dynamically linked cannot make - use of <b>smbsh</b>'s functionality. Most versions - of UNIX have a <b>file</b> command that will - describe how a program was linked.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ls /smb/MYGROUP/<machine-name></B +> will show the share + names for that machine. You could then, for example, use the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> cd</B +> command to change directories, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vi</B +> to + edit files, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rcp</B +> to copy files.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN112" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN115" +></A +><H2 +>BUGS</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +> works by intercepting the standard + libc calls with the dynamically loaded versions in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smbwrapper.o</TT +>. Not all calls have been "wrapped", so + some programs may not function correctly under <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh + </B +>.</P +><P +>Programs which are not dynamically linked cannot make + use of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbsh</B +>'s functionality. Most versions + of UNIX have a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>file</B +> command that will + describe how a program was linked.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN124" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN130" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbspool.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbspool.8.html index fffd779dcf..8dc2fbbd63 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbspool.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbspool.8.html @@ -1,35 +1,227 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbspool</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbspool.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbspool — send a print file to an SMB printer</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbspool</tt> {job} {user} {title} {copies} {options} [filename]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>smbspool is a very small print spooling program that +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbspool</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBSPOOL" +></A +>smbspool</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbspool -- send a print file to an SMB printer</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbspool</B +> [job] [user] [title] [copies] [options] [filename]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN17" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>smbspool is a very small print spooling program that sends a print file to an SMB printer. The command-line arguments are position-dependent for compatibility with the Common UNIX Printing System, but you can use smbspool with any printing system - or from a program or script.</p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>DEVICE URI</em></span></p><p>smbspool specifies the destination using a Uniform Resource - Identifier ("URI") with a method of "smb". This string can take - a number of forms:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>smb://server/printer</p></li><li><p>smb://workgroup/server/printer</p></li><li><p>smb://username:password@server/printer</p></li><li><p>smb://username:password@workgroup/server/printer</p></li></ul></div><p>smbspool tries to get the URI from argv[0]. If argv[0] - contains the name of the program then it looks in the <tt> - DEVICE_URI</tt> environment variable.</p><p>Programs using the <b>exec(2)</b> functions can + or from a program or script.</P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DEVICE URI</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>smbspool specifies the destination using a Uniform Resource + Identifier ("URI") with a method of "smb". This string can take + a number of forms:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>smb://server/printer</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>smb://workgroup/server/printer</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>smb://username:password@server/printer</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>smb://username:password@workgroup/server/printer + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>smbspool tries to get the URI from argv[0]. If argv[0] + contains the name of the program then it looks in the <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +> DEVICE_URI</TT +> environment variable.</P +><P +>Programs using the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>exec(2)</B +> functions can pass the URI in argv[0], while shell scripts must set the - <tt>DEVICE_URI</tt> environment variable prior to - running smbspool.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>The job argument (argv[1]) contains the + <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +>DEVICE_URI</TT +> environment variable prior to + running smbspool.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN39" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>The job argument (argv[1]) contains the job ID number and is presently not used by smbspool. - </p></li><li><p>The user argument (argv[2]) contains the + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The user argument (argv[2]) contains the print user's name and is presently not used by smbspool. - </p></li><li><p>The title argument (argv[3]) contains the + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The title argument (argv[3]) contains the job title string and is passed as the remote file name - when sending the print job.</p></li><li><p>The copies argument (argv[4]) contains + when sending the print job.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The copies argument (argv[4]) contains the number of copies to be printed of the named file. If no filename is provided then this argument is not used by - smbspool.</p></li><li><p>The options argument (argv[5]) contains + smbspool.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The options argument (argv[5]) contains the print options in a single string and is currently - not used by smbspool.</p></li><li><p>The filename argument (argv[6]) contains the + not used by smbspool.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The filename argument (argv[6]) contains the name of the file to print. If this argument is not specified - then the print file is read from the standard input.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> and <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p><b>smbspool</b> was written by Michael Sweet - at Easy Software Products.</p><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + then the print file is read from the standard input.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN54" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN57" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + and <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +>. + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN63" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbspool</B +> was written by Michael Sweet + at Easy Software Products.</P +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbstatus.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbstatus.1.html index a8ae9132ec..fb7e14fadd 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbstatus.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbstatus.1.html @@ -1,44 +1,223 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbstatus</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbstatus.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbstatus — report on current Samba connections</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbstatus</tt> [-P] [-b] [-d <debug level>] [-v] [-L] [-B] [-p] [-S] [-s <configuration file>] [-u <username>]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbstatus</b> is a very simple program to - list the current Samba connections.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-P|--profile</span></dt><dd><p>If samba has been compiled with the +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbstatus</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBSTATUS" +></A +>smbstatus</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbstatus -- report on current Samba connections</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbstatus</B +> [-P] [-b] [-d <debug level>] [-v] [-L] [-B] [-p] [-S] [-s <configuration file>] [-u <username>]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN21" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbstatus</B +> is a very simple program to + list the current Samba connections.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN27" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-P|--profile</DT +><DD +><P +>If samba has been compiled with the profiling option, print only the contents of the profiling - shared memory area.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-b|--brief</span></dt><dd><p>gives brief output.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-v|--verbose</span></dt><dd><p>gives verbose output.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L|--locks</span></dt><dd><p>causes smbstatus to only list locks.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-B|--byterange</span></dt><dd><p>causes smbstatus to include byte range locks. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p|--processes</span></dt><dd><p>print a list of <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> processes and exit. - Useful for scripting.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S|--shares</span></dt><dd><p>causes smbstatus to only list shares.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-u|--user=<username></span></dt><dd><p>selects information relevant to - <i><tt>username</tt></i> only.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> and <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + shared memory area.</P +></DD +><DT +>-b|--brief</DT +><DD +><P +>gives brief output.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d|--debug=<debuglevel></DT +><DD +><P +>sets debugging to specified level</P +></DD +><DT +>-v|--verbose</DT +><DD +><P +>gives verbose output.</P +></DD +><DT +>-L|--locks</DT +><DD +><P +>causes smbstatus to only list locks.</P +></DD +><DT +>-B|--byterange</DT +><DD +><P +>causes smbstatus to include byte range locks. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-p|--processes</DT +><DD +><P +>print a list of <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> processes and exit. + Useful for scripting.</P +></DD +><DT +>-S|--shares</DT +><DD +><P +>causes smbstatus to only list shares.</P +></DD +><DT +>-s|--conf=<configuration file></DT +><DD +><P +>The default configuration file name is + determined at compile time. The file specified contains the + configuration details required by the server. See <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> + </A +> for more information.</P +></DD +><DT +>-u|--user=<username></DT +><DD +><P +>selects information relevant to + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>username</I +></TT +> only.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN75" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN78" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> and + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN84" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbtar.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbtar.1.html index 35802edb90..d3215c6901 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbtar.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbtar.1.html @@ -1,39 +1,356 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbtar</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbtar.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbtar — shell script for backing up SMB/CIFS shares - directly to UNIX tape drives</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbtar</tt> [-r] [-i] [-a] [-v] {-s server} [-p password] [-x services] [-X] [-N filename] [-b blocksize] [-d directory] [-l loglevel] [-u user] [-t tape] {filenames}</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>smbtar</b> is a very small shell script on top - of <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a> which dumps SMB shares directly to tape.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-s server</span></dt><dd><p>The SMB/CIFS server that the share resides - upon.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-x service</span></dt><dd><p>The share name on the server to connect to. - The default is "backup".</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-X</span></dt><dd><p>Exclude mode. Exclude filenames... from tar - create or restore. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d directory</span></dt><dd><p>Change to initial <i><tt>directory - </tt></i> before restoring / backing up files. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt><dd><p>Verbose mode.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p password</span></dt><dd><p>The password to use to access a share. - Default: none </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-u user</span></dt><dd><p>The user id to connect as. Default: - UNIX login name. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt><dd><p>Reset DOS archive bit mode to - indicate file has been archived. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t tape</span></dt><dd><p>Tape device. May be regular file or tape - device. Default: <i><tt>$TAPE</tt></i> environmental - variable; if not set, a file called <tt>tar.out - </tt>. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-b blocksize</span></dt><dd><p>Blocking factor. Defaults to 20. See - <b>tar(1)</b> for a fuller explanation. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-N filename</span></dt><dd><p>Backup only files newer than filename. Could +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbtar</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBTAR" +></A +>smbtar</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbtar -- shell script for backing up SMB/CIFS shares + directly to UNIX tape drives</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbtar</B +> {-s server} [-p password] [-x services] [-X] [-d directory] [-u user] [-t tape] [-t tape] [-b blocksize] [-N filename] [-i] [-r] [-l loglevel] [-v] {filenames}</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN26" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbtar</B +> is a very small shell script on top + of <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +></A +> + which dumps SMB shares directly to tape. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN34" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-s server</DT +><DD +><P +>The SMB/CIFS server that the share resides + upon.</P +></DD +><DT +>-x service</DT +><DD +><P +>The share name on the server to connect to. + The default is "backup".</P +></DD +><DT +>-X</DT +><DD +><P +>Exclude mode. Exclude filenames... from tar + create or restore. </P +></DD +><DT +>-d directory</DT +><DD +><P +>Change to initial <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory + </I +></TT +> before restoring / backing up files. </P +></DD +><DT +>-v</DT +><DD +><P +>Verbose mode.</P +></DD +><DT +>-p password</DT +><DD +><P +>The password to use to access a share. + Default: none </P +></DD +><DT +>-u user</DT +><DD +><P +>The user id to connect as. Default: + UNIX login name. </P +></DD +><DT +>-t tape</DT +><DD +><P +>Tape device. May be regular file or tape + device. Default: <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>$TAPE</I +></TT +> environmental + variable; if not set, a file called <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>tar.out + </TT +>. </P +></DD +><DT +>-b blocksize</DT +><DD +><P +>Blocking factor. Defaults to 20. See + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>tar(1)</B +> for a fuller explanation. </P +></DD +><DT +>-N filename</DT +><DD +><P +>Backup only files newer than filename. Could be used (for example) on a log file to implement incremental - backups. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>Incremental mode; tar files are only backed + backups. </P +></DD +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>Incremental mode; tar files are only backed up if they have the archive bit set. The archive bit is reset - after each file is read. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-r</span></dt><dd><p>Restore. Files are restored to the share - from the tar file. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l log level</span></dt><dd><p>Log (debug) level. Corresponds to the - <i><tt>-d</tt></i> flag of <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</h2><p>The <i><tt>$TAPE</tt></i> variable specifies the + after each file is read. </P +></DD +><DT +>-r</DT +><DD +><P +>Restore. Files are restored to the share + from the tar file. </P +></DD +><DT +>-l log level</DT +><DD +><P +>Log (debug) level. Corresponds to the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-d</I +></TT +> flag of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1) + </B +>. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN95" +></A +><H2 +>ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES</H2 +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>$TAPE</I +></TT +> variable specifies the default tape device to write to. May be overridden - with the -t option. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>BUGS</h2><p>The <b>smbtar</b> script has different - options from ordinary tar and from smbclient's tar command. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>CAVEATS</h2><p>Sites that are more careful about security may not like + with the -t option. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN99" +></A +><H2 +>BUGS</H2 +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbtar</B +> script has different + options from ordinary tar and from smbclient's tar command. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN103" +></A +><H2 +>CAVEATS</H2 +><P +>Sites that are more careful about security may not like the way the script handles PC passwords. Backup and restore work on entire shares; should work on file lists. smbtar works best - with GNU tar and may not work well with other versions. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p>See the <span class="emphasis"><em>DIAGNOSTICS</em></span> section for the <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a> command.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + with GNU tar and may not work well with other versions. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN106" +></A +><H2 +>DIAGNOSTICS</H2 +><P +>See the <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>DIAGNOSTICS</I +></SPAN +> section for the + <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +> + </A +> command.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN112" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN115" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +>, + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN123" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p><a href="mailto:poultenr@logica.co.uk" target="_top">Ricky Poulten</a> - wrote the tar extension and this man page. The <b>smbtar</b> - script was heavily rewritten and improved by <a href="mailto:Martin.Kraemer@mch.sni.de" target="_top">Martin Kraemer</a>. Many + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +><A +HREF="mailto:poultenr@logica.co.uk" +TARGET="_top" +>Ricky Poulten</A +> + wrote the tar extension and this man page. The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbtar</B +> + script was heavily rewritten and improved by <A +HREF="mailto:Martin.Kraemer@mch.sni.de" +TARGET="_top" +>Martin Kraemer</A +>. Many thanks to everyone who suggested extensions, improvements, bug fixes, etc. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for - Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter.</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/smbumount.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/smbumount.8.html index e297d448e3..993436f0c6 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/smbumount.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/smbumount.8.html @@ -1,16 +1,141 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>smbumount</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="smbumount.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>smbumount — smbfs umount for normal users</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>smbumount</tt> {mount-point}</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>With this program, normal users can unmount smb-filesystems, - provided that it is suid root. <b>smbumount</b> has +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>smbumount</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SMBUMOUNT" +></A +>smbumount</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>smbumount -- smbfs umount for normal users</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbumount</B +> {mount-point}</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN12" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>With this program, normal users can unmount smb-filesystems, + provided that it is suid root. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbumount</B +> has been written to give normal Linux users more control over their resources. It is safe to install this program suid root, because only the user who has mounted a filesystem is allowed to unmount it again. For root it is not necessary to use smbumount. The normal umount program works perfectly well, but it would certainly be problematic - to make umount setuid root.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">mount-point</span></dt><dd><p>The directory to unmount.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smbmount.8.html">smbmount(8)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield - and others.</p><p>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace - tools <b>smbmount</b>, <b>smbumount</b>, - and <b>smbmnt</b> is <a href="mailto:urban@teststation.com" target="_top">Urban Widmark</a>. - The <a href="mailto:samba@samba.org" target="_top">SAMBA Mailing list</a> + to make umount setuid root.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN16" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>mount-point</DT +><DD +><P +>The directory to unmount.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN23" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smbmount.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount(8)</B +> + </A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN28" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>Volker Lendecke, Andrew Tridgell, Michael H. Warfield + and others.</P +><P +>The current maintainer of smbfs and the userspace + tools <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmount</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbumount</B +>, + and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbmnt</B +> is <A +HREF="mailto:urban@teststation.com" +TARGET="_top" +>Urban Widmark</A +>. + The <A +HREF="mailto:samba@samba.org" +TARGET="_top" +>SAMBA Mailing list</A +> is the preferred place to ask questions regarding these programs. - </p><p>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 - was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + </P +><P +>The conversion of this manpage for Samba 2.2 was performed + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/speed.html b/docs/htmldocs/speed.html index d2e1f2c15b..1a05706f92 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/speed.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/speed.html @@ -1,108 +1,419 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 35. Samba performance issues</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="Appendixes.html" title="Part V. Appendixes"><link rel="previous" href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter 34. SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 35. Samba performance issues</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="SWAT.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part V. Appendixes</th><td width="20%" align="right"> </td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="speed"></a>Chapter 35. Samba performance issues</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Paul Cochrane</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Dundee Limb Fitting Centre<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk">paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="speed.html#id2908657">Comparisons</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2908548">Socket options</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909437">Read size</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909480">Max xmit</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909533">Log level</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909556">Read raw</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909613">Write raw</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909655">Slow Logins</a></dt><dt><a href="speed.html#id2909676">Client tuning</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908657"></a>Comparisons</h2></div></div><p> -The Samba server uses TCP to talk to the client. Thus if you are +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Samba performance issues</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Group mapping HOWTO" +HREF="groupmapping.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Appendixes" +HREF="appendixes.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="appendixes.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SPEED">Chapter 22. Samba performance issues</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3055">22.1. Comparisons</H1 +><P +>The Samba server uses TCP to talk to the client. Thus if you are trying to see if it performs well you should really compare it to programs that use the same protocol. The most readily available programs for file transfer that use TCP are ftp or another TCP based -SMB server. -</p><p> -If you want to test against something like a NT or WfWg server then +SMB server.</P +><P +>If you want to test against something like a NT or WfWg server then you will have to disable all but TCP on either the client or server. Otherwise you may well be using a totally different protocol -(such as Netbeui) and comparisons may not be valid. -</p><p> -Generally you should find that Samba performs similarly to ftp at raw +(such as Netbeui) and comparisons may not be valid.</P +><P +>Generally you should find that Samba performs similarly to ftp at raw transfer speed. It should perform quite a bit faster than NFS, -although this very much depends on your system. -</p><p> -Several people have done comparisons between Samba and Novell, NFS or +although this very much depends on your system.</P +><P +>Several people have done comparisons between Samba and Novell, NFS or WinNT. In some cases Samba performed the best, in others the worst. I suspect the biggest factor is not Samba vs some other system but the hardware and drivers used on the various systems. Given similar hardware Samba should certainly be competitive in speed with other -systems. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2908548"></a>Socket options</h2></div></div><p> -There are a number of socket options that can greatly affect the -performance of a TCP based server like Samba. -</p><p> -The socket options that Samba uses are settable both on the command -line with the -O option, or in the smb.conf file. -</p><p> -The <b>socket options</b> section of the <tt>smb.conf</tt> manual page describes how -to set these and gives recommendations. -</p><p> -Getting the socket options right can make a big difference to your +systems.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3061">22.2. Socket options</H1 +><P +>There are a number of socket options that can greatly affect the +performance of a TCP based server like Samba.</P +><P +>The socket options that Samba uses are settable both on the command +line with the -O option, or in the smb.conf file.</P +><P +>The "socket options" section of the smb.conf manual page describes how +to set these and gives recommendations.</P +><P +>Getting the socket options right can make a big difference to your performance, but getting them wrong can degrade it by just as -much. The correct settings are very dependent on your local network. -</p><p> -The socket option TCP_NODELAY is the one that seems to make the +much. The correct settings are very dependent on your local network.</P +><P +>The socket option TCP_NODELAY is the one that seems to make the biggest single difference for most networks. Many people report that -adding <b>socket options = TCP_NODELAY</b> doubles the read -performance of a Samba drive. The best explanation I have seen for this is -that the Microsoft TCP/IP stack is slow in sending tcp ACKs. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909437"></a>Read size</h2></div></div><p> -The option <b>read size</b> affects the overlap of disk -reads/writes with network reads/writes. If the amount of data being -transferred in several of the SMB commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and +adding "socket options = TCP_NODELAY" doubles the read performance of +a Samba drive. The best explanation I have seen for this is that the +Microsoft TCP/IP stack is slow in sending tcp ACKs.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3068">22.3. Read size</H1 +><P +>The option "read size" affects the overlap of disk reads/writes with +network reads/writes. If the amount of data being transferred in +several of the SMB commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and SMBreadbraw) is larger than this value then the server begins writing the data before it has received the whole packet from the network, or in the case of SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before -all the data has been read from disk. -</p><p> -This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and network access +all the data has been read from disk.</P +><P +>This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and network access are similar, having very little effect when the speed of one is much -greater than the other. -</p><p> -The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation has been +greater than the other.</P +><P +>The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation has been done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely that the best value will vary greatly between systems anyway. A value over 65536 is -pointless and will cause you to allocate memory unnecessarily. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909480"></a>Max xmit</h2></div></div><p> -At startup the client and server negotiate a <b>maximum transmit</b> size, +pointless and will cause you to allocate memory unnecessarily.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3073">22.4. Max xmit</H1 +><P +>At startup the client and server negotiate a "maximum transmit" size, which limits the size of nearly all SMB commands. You can set the -maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the <b>max xmit = </b> option -in <tt>smb.conf</tt>. Note that this is the maximum size of SMB requests that +maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the "max xmit = " option +in smb.conf. Note that this is the maximum size of SMB request that Samba will accept, but not the maximum size that the *client* will accept. The client maximum receive size is sent to Samba by the client and Samba -honours this limit. -</p><p> -It defaults to 65536 bytes (the maximum), but it is possible that some +honours this limit.</P +><P +>It defaults to 65536 bytes (the maximum), but it is possible that some clients may perform better with a smaller transmit unit. Trying values -of less than 2048 is likely to cause severe problems. -</p><p> -In most cases the default is the best option. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909533"></a>Log level</h2></div></div><p> -If you set the log level (also known as <b>debug level</b>) higher than 2 +of less than 2048 is likely to cause severe problems.</P +><P +>In most cases the default is the best option.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3078">22.5. Log level</H1 +><P +>If you set the log level (also known as "debug level") higher than 2 then you may suffer a large drop in performance. This is because the server flushes the log file after each operation, which can be very -expensive. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909556"></a>Read raw</h2></div></div><p> -The <b>read raw</b> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency +expensive. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3081">22.6. Read raw</H1 +><P +>The "read raw" operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency file read operation. A server may choose to not support it, -however. and Samba makes support for <b>read raw</b> optional, with it -being enabled by default. -</p><p> -In some cases clients don't handle <b>read raw</b> very well and actually +however. and Samba makes support for "read raw" optional, with it +being enabled by default.</P +><P +>In some cases clients don't handle "read raw" very well and actually get lower performance using it than they get using the conventional -read operations. -</p><p> -So you might like to try <b>read raw = no</b> and see what happens on your +read operations. </P +><P +>So you might like to try "read raw = no" and see what happens on your network. It might lower, raise or not affect your performance. Only -testing can really tell. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909613"></a>Write raw</h2></div></div><p> -The <b>write raw</b> operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency +testing can really tell.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3086">22.7. Write raw</H1 +><P +>The "write raw" operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency file write operation. A server may choose to not support it, -however. and Samba makes support for <b>write raw</b> optional, with it -being enabled by default. -</p><p> -Some machines may find <b>write raw</b> slower than normal write, in which -case you may wish to change this option. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909655"></a>Slow Logins</h2></div></div><p> -Slow logins are almost always due to the password checking time. Using -the lowest practical <b>password level</b> will improve things. -</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2909676"></a>Client tuning</h2></div></div><p> -Often a speed problem can be traced to the client. The client (for +however. and Samba makes support for "write raw" optional, with it +being enabled by default.</P +><P +>Some machines may find "write raw" slower than normal write, in which +case you may wish to change this option.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3090">22.8. Slow Clients</H1 +><P +>One person has reported that setting the protocol to COREPLUS rather +than LANMAN2 gave a dramatic speed improvement (from 10k/s to 150k/s).</P +><P +>I suspect that his PC's (386sx16 based) were asking for more data than +they could chew. I suspect a similar speed could be had by setting +"read raw = no" and "max xmit = 2048", instead of changing the +protocol. Lowering the "read size" might also help.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3094">22.9. Slow Logins</H1 +><P +>Slow logins are almost always due to the password checking time. Using +the lowest practical "password level" will improve things a lot. You +could also enable the "UFC crypt" option in the Makefile.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN3097">22.10. Client tuning</H1 +><P +>Often a speed problem can be traced to the client. The client (for example Windows for Workgroups) can often be tuned for better TCP -performance. Check the sections on the various clients in -<a href="Other-Clients.html" title="Chapter 33. Samba and other CIFS clients">Samba and Other Clients</a>. -</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="SWAT.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="Appendixes.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> </td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 34. SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr></table></div></body></html> +performance.</P +><P +>See your client docs for details. In particular, I have heard rumours +that the WfWg options TCPWINDOWSIZE and TCPSEGMENTSIZE can have a +large impact on performance.</P +><P +>Also note that some people have found that setting DefaultRcvWindow in +the [MSTCP] section of the SYSTEM.INI file under WfWg to 3072 gives a +big improvement. I don't know why.</P +><P +>My own experience wth DefaultRcvWindow is that I get much better +performance with a large value (16384 or larger). Other people have +reported that anything over 3072 slows things down enourmously. One +person even reported a speed drop of a factor of 30 when he went from +3072 to 8192. I don't know why.</P +><P +>It probably depends a lot on your hardware, and the type of unix box +you have at the other end of the link.</P +><P +>Paul Cochrane has done some testing on client side tuning and come +to the following conclusions:</P +><P +>Install the W2setup.exe file from www.microsoft.com. This is an +update for the winsock stack and utilities which improve performance.</P +><P +>Configure the win95 TCPIP registry settings to give better +perfomance. I use a program called MTUSPEED.exe which I got off the +net. There are various other utilities of this type freely available. +The setting which give the best performance for me are:</P +><P +></P +><OL +TYPE="1" +><LI +><P +>MaxMTU Remove</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>RWIN Remove</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>MTUAutoDiscover Disable</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>MTUBlackHoleDetect Disable</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Time To Live Enabled</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Time To Live - HOPS 32</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>NDI Cache Size 0</P +></LI +></OL +><P +>I tried virtually all of the items mentioned in the document and +the only one which made a difference to me was the socket options. It +turned out I was better off without any!!!!!</P +><P +>In terms of overall speed of transfer, between various win95 clients +and a DX2-66 20MB server with a crappy NE2000 compatible and old IDE +drive (Kernel 2.0.30). The transfer rate was reasonable for 10 baseT.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>The figures are: Put Get +P166 client 3Com card: 420-440kB/s 500-520kB/s +P100 client 3Com card: 390-410kB/s 490-510kB/s +DX4-75 client NE2000: 370-380kB/s 330-350kB/s</PRE +></P +><P +>I based these test on transfer two files a 4.5MB text file and a 15MB +textfile. The results arn't bad considering the hardware Samba is +running on. It's a crap machine!!!!</P +><P +>The updates mentioned in 1 and 2 brought up the transfer rates from +just over 100kB/s in some clients.</P +><P +>A new client is a P333 connected via a 100MB/s card and hub. The +transfer rates from this were good: 450-500kB/s on put and 600+kB/s +on get.</P +><P +>Looking at standard FTP throughput, Samba is a bit slower (100kB/s +upwards). I suppose there is more going on in the samba protocol, but +if it could get up to the rate of FTP the perfomance would be quite +staggering.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="groupmapping.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="appendixes.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Group mapping HOWTO</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Appendixes</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/swat.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/swat.8.html index c5a5ab271b..f101a7bc26 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/swat.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/swat.8.html @@ -1,87 +1,425 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>swat</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="swat.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>swat — Samba Web Administration Tool</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>swat</tt> [-s <smb config file>] [-a]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>swat</b> allows a Samba administrator to - configure the complex <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file via a Web browser. In addition, - a <b>swat</b> configuration page has help links - to all the configurable options in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file allowing an - administrator to easily look up the effects of any change. </p><p><b>swat</b> is run from <b>inetd</b> </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-s smb configuration file</span></dt><dd><p>The default configuration file path is +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>swat</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="SWAT" +></A +>swat</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>swat -- Samba Web Administration Tool</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> [-s <smb config file>] [-a]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN13" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> allows a Samba administrator to + configure the complex <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file via a Web browser. In addition, + a <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> configuration page has help links + to all the configurable options in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file allowing an + administrator to easily look up the effects of any change. </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> is run from <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +> </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN26" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-s smb configuration file</DT +><DD +><P +>The default configuration file path is determined at compile time. The file specified contains - the configuration details required by the <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> server. This is the file - that <b>swat</b> will modify. + the configuration details required by the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> server. This is the file that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> will modify. The information in this file includes server-specific information such as what printcap file to use, as well as descriptions of all the services that the server is to provide. - See <tt>smb.conf</tt> for more information. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-a</span></dt><dd><p>This option disables authentication and puts - <b>swat</b> in demo mode. In that mode anyone will be able to modify - the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file. </p><p><span class="emphasis"><em>WARNING: Do NOT enable this option on a production - server. </em></span></p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>INSTALLATION</h2><p>Swat is included as binary package with most distributions. The - package manager in this case takes care of the installation and - configuration. This section is only for those who have compiled - swat from scratch. - </p><p>After you compile SWAT you need to run <b>make install - </b> to install the <b>swat</b> binary + See <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> for more information. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-a</DT +><DD +><P +>This option disables authentication and puts + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> in demo mode. In that mode anyone will be able to modify + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. </P +><P +><SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>WARNING: Do NOT enable this option on a production + server. </I +></SPAN +></P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN44" +></A +><H2 +>INSTALLATION</H2 +><P +>After you compile SWAT you need to run <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make install + </B +> to install the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> binary and the various help files and images. A default install would put - these in: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>/usr/local/samba/bin/swat</p></li><li><p>/usr/local/samba/swat/images/*</p></li><li><p>/usr/local/samba/swat/help/*</p></li></ul></div><div class="refsect2" lang="en"><h3>Inetd Installation</h3><p>You need to edit your <tt>/etc/inetd.conf - </tt> and <tt>/etc/services</tt> - to enable SWAT to be launched via <b>inetd</b>.</p><p>In <tt>/etc/services</tt> you need to - add a line like this: </p><p><b>swat 901/tcp</b></p><p>Note for NIS/YP and LDAP users - you may need to rebuild the - NIS service maps rather than alter your local <tt> - /etc/services</tt> file. </p><p>the choice of port number isn't really important + these in: </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>/usr/local/samba/bin/swat</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>/usr/local/samba/swat/images/*</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>/usr/local/samba/swat/help/*</P +></LI +></UL +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN56" +></A +><H3 +>Inetd Installation</H3 +><P +>You need to edit your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf + </TT +> and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +> + to enable SWAT to be launched via <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +>.</P +><P +>In <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +> you need to + add a line like this: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat 901/tcp</B +></P +><P +>Note for NIS/YP users - you may need to rebuild the + NIS service maps rather than alter your local <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /etc/services</TT +> file. </P +><P +>the choice of port number isn't really important except that it should be less than 1024 and not currently used (using a number above 1024 presents an obscure security hole depending on the implementation details of your - <b>inetd</b> daemon). </p><p>In <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> you should - add a line like this: </p><p><b>swat stream tcp nowait.400 root - /usr/local/samba/bin/swat swat</b></p><p>One you have edited <tt>/etc/services</tt> - and <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt> you need to send a - HUP signal to inetd. To do this use <b>kill -1 PID - </b> where PID is the process ID of the inetd daemon. </p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>LAUNCHING</h2><p>To launch SWAT just run your favorite web browser and - point it at "http://localhost:901/".</p><p>Note that you can attach to SWAT from any IP connected - machine but connecting from a remote machine leaves your - connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent - in the clear over the wire. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This file must contain suitable startup - information for the meta-daemon.</p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/services</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This file must contain a mapping of service name + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd</B +> daemon). </P +><P +>In <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +> you should + add a line like this: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat stream tcp nowait.400 root + /usr/local/samba/bin/swat swat</B +></P +><P +>One you have edited <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +> + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +> you need to send a + HUP signal to inetd. To do this use <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>kill -1 PID + </B +> where PID is the process ID of the inetd daemon. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN78" +></A +><H3 +>Launching</H3 +><P +>To launch SWAT just run your favorite web browser and + point it at "http://localhost:901/".</P +><P +>Note that you can attach to SWAT from any IP connected + machine but connecting from a remote machine leaves your + connection open to password sniffing as passwords will be sent + in the clear over the wire. </P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN82" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This file must contain suitable startup + information for the meta-daemon.</P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/services</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This file must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., swat) to service port (e.g., 901) and protocol type - (e.g., tcp). </p></dd><dt><span class="term"><tt>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This is the default location of the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> server configuration file that swat edits. Other - common places that systems install this file are <tt> - /usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</tt> and <tt>/etc/smb.conf - </tt>. This file describes all the services the server - is to make available to clients. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>WARNINGS</h2><p><b>swat</b> will rewrite your <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. It will rearrange the entries and delete all - comments, <i><tt>include=</tt></i> and <i><tt>copy= - </tt></i> options. If you have a carefully crafted <tt> - smb.conf</tt> then back it up or don't use swat! </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><b>inetd(5)</b>, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + (e.g., tcp). </P +></DD +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This is the default location of the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +> server configuration file that swat edits. Other + common places that systems install this file are <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> /usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/smb.conf + </TT +>. This file describes all the services the server + is to make available to clients. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN103" +></A +><H2 +>WARNINGS</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>swat</B +> will rewrite your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf + </TT +> file. It will rearrange the entries and delete all + comments, <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>include=</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>copy= + </I +></TT +> options. If you have a carefully crafted <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf</TT +> then back it up or don't use swat! </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN111" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN114" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>inetd(5)</B +>, + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN121" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for - Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/swat.html b/docs/htmldocs/swat.html deleted file mode 100644 index e70fac5403..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/swat.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,233 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Appendixes" -HREF="appendixes.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Samba and other CIFS clients" -HREF="other-clients.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Samba performance issues" -HREF="speed.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="other-clients.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="speed.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="SWAT" -></A ->Chapter 31. SWAT - The Samba Web Admininistration Tool</H1 -><P ->This is a rough guide to SWAT.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4645" ->31.1. SWAT Features and Benefits</A -></H1 -><P ->You must use at least the following ...</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4648" ->31.1.1. The SWAT Home Page</A -></H2 -><P ->Blah blah here.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4651" ->31.1.2. Global Settings</A -></H2 -><P ->Document steps right here!</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4654" ->31.1.3. The SWAT Wizard</A -></H2 -><P ->Lots of blah blah here.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4657" ->31.1.4. Share Settings</A -></H2 -><P ->Document steps right here!</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4660" ->31.1.5. Printing Settings</A -></H2 -><P ->Document steps right here!</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4663" ->31.1.6. The Status Page</A -></H2 -><P ->Document steps right here!</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN4666" ->31.1.7. The Password Change Page</A -></H2 -><P ->Document steps right here!</P -></DIV -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="other-clients.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="speed.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Samba and other CIFS clients</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="appendixes.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Samba performance issues</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/testparm.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/testparm.1.html index 55779a2ad8..baf11bacac 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/testparm.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/testparm.1.html @@ -1,51 +1,316 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>testparm</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="testparm.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>testparm — check an smb.conf configuration file for - internal correctness</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>testparm</tt> [-s] [-h] [-v] [-L <servername>] [-t <encoding>] {config filename} [hostname hostIP]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>testparm</b> is a very simple test program - to check an <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> configuration file for +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>testparm</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="TESTPARM">testparm</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>testparm -- check an smb.conf configuration file for + internal correctness</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> [-s] [-h] [-v] [-L <servername>] [-t <encoding>] {config filename} [hostname hostIP]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN18" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> is a very simple test program + to check an <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> configuration file for internal correctness. If this program reports no problems, you - can use the configuration file with confidence that <b>smbd - </b> will successfully load the configuration file.</p><p>Note that this is <span class="emphasis"><em>NOT</em></span> a guarantee that + can use the configuration file with confidence that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd + </B +> will successfully load the configuration file.</P +><P +>Note that this is <I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>NOT</I +> a guarantee that the services specified in the configuration file will be - available or will operate as expected. </p><p>If the optional host name and host IP address are + available or will operate as expected. </P +><P +>If the optional host name and host IP address are specified on the command line, this test program will run through the service entries reporting whether the specified host - has access to each service. </p><p>If <b>testparm</b> finds an error in the <tt> - smb.conf</tt> file it returns an exit code of 1 to the calling + has access to each service. </P +><P +>If <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> finds an error in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +> smb.conf</TT +> file it returns an exit code of 1 to the calling program, else it returns an exit code of 0. This allows shell scripts - to test the output from <b>testparm</b>.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-s</span></dt><dd><p>Without this option, <b>testparm</b> + to test the output from <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN33" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-s</DT +><DD +><P +>Without this option, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> will prompt for a carriage return after printing the service - names and before dumping the service definitions.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-L servername</span></dt><dd><p>Sets the value of the %L macro to <i><tt>servername</tt></i>. + names and before dumping the service definitions.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h</DT +><DD +><P +>Print usage message </P +></DD +><DT +>-L servername</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets the value of the %L macro to <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>servername</I +></TT +>. This is useful for testing include files specified with the - %L macro. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-v</span></dt><dd><p>If this option is specified, testparm - will also output all options that were not used in <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> and are thus set to their defaults.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t encoding</span></dt><dd><p> - Output data in specified encoding. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">configfilename</span></dt><dd><p>This is the name of the configuration file + %L macro. </P +></DD +><DT +>-v</DT +><DD +><P +>If this option is specified, testparm + will also output all options that were not used in + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> and are thus set to + their defaults.</P +></DD +><DT +>-t encoding</DT +><DD +><P +> Output data in specified encoding. + </P +></DD +><DT +>configfilename</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the name of the configuration file to check. If this parameter is not present then the - default <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file will be checked. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">hostname</span></dt><dd><p>If this parameter and the following are - specified, then <b>testparm</b> will examine the <i><tt>hosts - allow</tt></i> and <i><tt>hosts deny</tt></i> - parameters in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file to + default <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file will be checked. + </P +></DD +><DT +>hostname</DT +><DD +><P +>If this parameter and the following are + specified, then <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testparm</B +> will examine the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts + allow</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>hosts deny</I +></TT +> + parameters in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file to determine if the hostname with this IP address would be - allowed access to the <b>smbd</b> server. If + allowed access to the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> server. If this parameter is supplied, the hostIP parameter must also - be supplied.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">hostIP</span></dt><dd><p>This is the IP address of the host specified + be supplied.</P +></DD +><DT +>hostIP</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the IP address of the host specified in the previous parameter. This address must be supplied - if the hostname parameter is supplied. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></span></dt><dd><p>This is usually the name of the configuration - file used by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p>The program will issue a message saying whether the + if the hostname parameter is supplied. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN77" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This is usually the name of the configuration + file used by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN86" +></A +><H2 +>DIAGNOSTICS</H2 +><P +>The program will issue a message saying whether the configuration file loaded OK or not. This message may be preceded by errors and warnings if the file did not load. If the file was loaded OK, the program then dumps all known service details - to stdout. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a>, <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + to stdout. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN89" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN92" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN99" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/testprns.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/testprns.1.html index 16784fcc25..0225aad9d5 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/testprns.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/testprns.1.html @@ -1,38 +1,253 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>testprns</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="testprns.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>testprns — check printer name for validity with smbd</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>testprns</tt> {printername} [printcapname]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>testprns</b> is a very simple test program +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>testprns</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="TESTPRNS" +></A +>testprns</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>testprns -- check printer name for validity with smbd</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +> {printername} [printcapname]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN13" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +> is a very simple test program to determine whether a given printer name is valid for use in - a service to be provided by <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>.</p><p>"Valid" in this context means "can be found in the - printcap specified". This program is very stupid - so stupid in + a service to be provided by <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> smbd(8)</B +></A +>. </P +><P +>"Valid" in this context means "can be found in the + printcap specified". This program is very stupid - so stupid in fact that it would be wisest to always specify the printcap file - to use. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">printername</span></dt><dd><p>The printer name to validate.</p><p>Printer names are taken from the first field in each + to use. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN22" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>printername</DT +><DD +><P +>The printer name to validate.</P +><P +>Printer names are taken from the first field in each record in the printcap file, single printer names and sets - of aliases separated by vertical bars ("|") are recognized. + of aliases separated by vertical bars ("|") are recognized. Note that no validation or checking of the printcap syntax is done beyond that required to extract the printer name. It may be that the print spooling system is more forgiving or less - forgiving than <b>testprns</b>. However, if - <b>testprns</b> finds the printer then <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a> should do so as well. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">printcapname</span></dt><dd><p>This is the name of the printcap file within - which to search for the given printer name. </p><p>If no printcap name is specified <b>testprns - </b> will attempt to scan the printcap file name - specified at compile time. </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/printcap</tt></span></dt><dd><p>This is usually the default printcap - file to scan. See <tt>printcap (5)</tt>. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DIAGNOSTICS</h2><p>If a printer is found to be valid, the message - "Printer name <printername> is valid" will be - displayed. </p><p>If a printer is found to be invalid, the message - "Printer name <printername> is not valid" will be - displayed. </p><p>All messages that would normally be logged during + forgiving than <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +>. However, if + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns</B +> finds the printer then + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> should do so as well. </P +></DD +><DT +>printcapname</DT +><DD +><P +>This is the name of the printcap file within + which to search for the given printer name. </P +><P +>If no printcap name is specified <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>testprns + </B +> will attempt to scan the printcap file name + specified at compile time. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN39" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/printcap</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>This is usually the default printcap + file to scan. See <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>printcap (5)</TT +>. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN48" +></A +><H2 +>DIAGNOSTICS</H2 +><P +>If a printer is found to be valid, the message + "Printer name <printername> is valid" will be + displayed. </P +><P +>If a printer is found to be invalid, the message + "Printer name <printername> is not valid" will be + displayed. </P +><P +>All messages that would normally be logged during operation of the Samba daemons are logged by this program to the - file <tt>test.log</tt> in the current directory. The + file <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>test.log</TT +> in the current directory. The program runs at debuglevel 3, so quite extensive logging information is written. The log should be checked carefully - for errors and warnings. </p><p>Other messages are self-explanatory. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><tt>printcap(5)</tt>, - <a href="smbd.8.html">smbd(8)</a>, <a href="smbclient.1.html">smbclient(1)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + for errors and warnings. </P +><P +>Other messages are self-explanatory. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN55" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 2.2 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN58" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>printcap(5)</TT +>, + <A +HREF="smbd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd(8)</B +></A +>, + <A +HREF="smbclient.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbclient(1)</B +></A +> + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN66" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another - excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <a href="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" target="_top"> - ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</a>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 + excellent piece of Open Source software, available at + <A +HREF="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/" +TARGET="_top" +> ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</A +>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for - Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 - for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/type.html b/docs/htmldocs/type.html index 3524abc962..e3f09acc18 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/type.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/type.html @@ -1,16 +1,389 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Part II. Server Configuration Basics</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="previous" href="install.html" title="Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA"><link rel="next" href="ServerType.html" title="Chapter 3. Nomenclature of Server Types"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Part II. Server Configuration Basics</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="install.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ServerType.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="part" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h1 class="title"><a name="type"></a>Server Configuration Basics</h1></div></div><div class="partintro" lang="en"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="id2812280"></a>First Steps in Server Configuration</h1></div></div><p> -Samba can operate in various modes within SMB networks. This HOWTO section contains information on -configuring samba to function as the type of server your network requires. Please read this -section carefully. -</p><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt>3. <a href="ServerType.html">Nomenclature of Server Types</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ServerType.html#id2810455">Stand Alone Server</a></dt><dt><a href="ServerType.html#id2810516">Domain Member Server</a></dt><dt><a href="ServerType.html#id2810556">Domain Controller</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ServerType.html#id2810572">Domain Controller Types</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>4. <a href="securitylevels.html">Samba as Stand-Alone Server</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2807692">User and Share security level</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2807727">User Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2810322">Share Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2812328">Server Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2876991">Domain Level Security</a></dt><dt><a href="securitylevels.html#id2877129">ADS Level Security</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>5. <a href="samba-pdc.html"> -Samba as an NT4 or Win2k Primary Domain Controller -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2807495">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2807518"> -Background -</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2877458">Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2877759">Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the Domain</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878028">Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878262">"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878318">Joining the Client to the Domain</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878425">Common Problems and Errors</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878432">I cannot include a '$' in a machine name</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878470">I get told "You already have a connection to the Domain...." -or "Cannot join domain, the credentials supplied conflict with an -existing set.." when creating a machine trust account.</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878517">The system can not log you on (C000019B)....</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878568">The machine trust account for this computer either does not -exist or is not accessible.</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878617">When I attempt to login to a Samba Domain from a NT4/W2K workstation, -I get a message about my account being disabled.</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878642">Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-pdc.html#id2878805">Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>6. <a href="samba-bdc.html"> -Samba Backup Domain Controller to Samba Domain Control -</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2807541">Prerequisite Reading</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2877190">Background</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879061">What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879083">How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879107">When is the PDC needed?</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879127">Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller to an NT PDC?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879160">How do I set up a Samba BDC?</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879257">How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</a></dt><dt><a href="samba-bdc.html#id2879286">Can I do this all with LDAP?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt>7. <a href="ADS.html">Samba as a ADS domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ADS.html#id2878917">Setup your smb.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="ADS.html#id2879467">Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</a></dt><dt><a href="ADS.html#ads-create-machine-account">Create the computer account</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="ADS.html#id2879661">Possible errors</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="ADS.html#ads-test-server">Test your server setup</a></dt><dt><a href="ADS.html#ads-test-smbclient">Testing with smbclient</a></dt><dt><a href="ADS.html#id2879814">Notes</a></dt></dl></dd><dt>8. <a href="domain-member.html">Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="domain-member.html#id2879309">Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</a></dt><dt><a href="domain-member.html#id2880214">Why is this better than security = server?</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="install.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="index.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="ServerType.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 2. How to Install and Test SAMBA </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 3. Nomenclature of Server Types</td></tr></table></div></body></html> +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Type of installation</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba" +HREF="pwencrypt.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)" +HREF="securitylevels.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="PART" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="PART" +><A +NAME="TYPE"><DIV +CLASS="TITLEPAGE" +><H1 +CLASS="TITLE" +>II. Type of installation</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="PARTINTRO" +><A +NAME="AEN531"><H1 +>Introduction</H1 +><P +>Samba can operate in various SMB networks. This part contains information on configuring samba +for various environments.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="TOC" +><DL +><DT +><B +>Table of Contents</B +></DT +><DT +>5. <A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +>User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</A +></DT +><DT +>6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html" +>How to Configure Samba as a NT4 Primary Domain Controller</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN575" +>Prerequisite Reading</A +></DT +><DT +>6.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN581" +>Background</A +></DT +><DT +>6.3. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN620" +>Configuring the Samba Domain Controller</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN663" +>Creating Machine Trust Accounts and Joining Clients to the +Domain</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.4.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN682" +>Manual Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN723" +>"On-the-Fly" Creation of Machine Trust Accounts</A +></DT +><DT +>6.4.3. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN732" +>Joining the Client to the Domain</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6.5. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN747" +>Common Problems and Errors</A +></DT +><DT +>6.6. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN795" +>System Policies and Profiles</A +></DT +><DT +>6.7. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN839" +>What other help can I get?</A +></DT +><DT +>6.8. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN953" +>Domain Control for Windows 9x/ME</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>6.8.1. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN979" +>Configuration Instructions: Network Logons</A +></DT +><DT +>6.8.2. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN998" +>Configuration Instructions: Setting up Roaming User Profiles</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>6.9. <A +HREF="samba-pdc.html#AEN1091" +>DOMAIN_CONTROL.txt : Windows NT Domain Control & Samba</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>7. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html" +>How to Act as a Backup Domain Controller in a Purely Samba Controlled Domain</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1127" +>Prerequisite Reading</A +></DT +><DT +>7.2. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1131" +>Background</A +></DT +><DT +>7.3. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1139" +>What qualifies a Domain Controller on the network?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.3.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1142" +>How does a Workstation find its domain controller?</A +></DT +><DT +>7.3.2. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1145" +>When is the PDC needed?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>7.4. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1148" +>Can Samba be a Backup Domain Controller?</A +></DT +><DT +>7.5. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1152" +>How do I set up a Samba BDC?</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>7.5.1. <A +HREF="samba-bdc.html#AEN1169" +>How do I replicate the smbpasswd file?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DD +><DT +>8. <A +HREF="ads.html" +>Samba as a ADS domain member</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>8.1. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1187" +>Installing the required packages for Debian</A +></DT +><DT +>8.2. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1193" +>Installing the required packages for RedHat</A +></DT +><DT +>8.3. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1202" +>Compile Samba</A +></DT +><DT +>8.4. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1217" +>Setup your /etc/krb5.conf</A +></DT +><DT +>8.5. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1227" +>Create the computer account</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>8.5.1. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1231" +>Possible errors</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>8.6. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1243" +>Test your server setup</A +></DT +><DT +>8.7. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1248" +>Testing with smbclient</A +></DT +><DT +>8.8. <A +HREF="ads.html#AEN1251" +>Notes</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +><DT +>9. <A +HREF="domain-security.html" +>Samba as a NT4 domain member</A +></DT +><DD +><DL +><DT +>9.1. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1273" +>Joining an NT Domain with Samba 2.2</A +></DT +><DT +>9.2. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1337" +>Samba and Windows 2000 Domains</A +></DT +><DT +>9.3. <A +HREF="domain-security.html#AEN1342" +>Why is this better than security = server?</A +></DT +></DL +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pwencrypt.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="securitylevels.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>LanMan and NT Password Encryption in Samba</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +> </TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>User and Share security level (for servers not in a domain)</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/unix-permissions.html b/docs/htmldocs/unix-permissions.html index e9a3b5e671..f29d450e6d 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/unix-permissions.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/unix-permissions.html @@ -1,194 +1,907 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="passdb.html" title="Chapter 10. User information database"><link rel="next" href="groupmapping.html" title="Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="passdb.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="groupmapping.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="unix-permissions"></a>Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jeremy Allison</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jra@samba.org">jra@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">12 Apr 1999</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2881950">Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2881832">How to view file security on a Samba share</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885176">Viewing file ownership</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885297">Viewing file or directory permissions</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885379">File Permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885483">Directory Permissions</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885533">Modifying file or directory permissions</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2885693">Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</a></dt><dt><a href="unix-permissions.html#id2886008">Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2881950"></a>Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT - security dialogs</h2></div></div><p>Windows NT clients can use their native security settings - dialog box to view and modify the underlying UNIX permissions.</p><p>Note that this ability is careful not to compromise +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba" +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication" +HREF="pam.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pam.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="UNIX-PERMISSIONS">Chapter 11. UNIX Permission Bits and Windows NT Access Control Lists</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1605">11.1. Viewing and changing UNIX permissions using the NT + security dialogs</H1 +><P +>New in the Samba 2.0.4 release is the ability for Windows + NT clients to use their native security settings dialog box to + view and modify the underlying UNIX permissions.</P +><P +>Note that this ability is careful not to compromise the security of the UNIX host Samba is running on, and still obeys all the file permission rules that a Samba - administrator can set.</p><div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;"><h3 class="title">Note</h3><p> - All access to Unix/Linux system file via Samba is controlled at - the operating system file access control level. When trying to - figure out file access problems it is vitally important to identify - the identity of the Windows user as it is presented by Samba at - the point of file access. This can best be determined from the - Samba log files. - </p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2881832"></a>How to view file security on a Samba share</h2></div></div><p>From an NT4/2000/XP client, single-click with the right + administrator can set.</P +><P +>In Samba 2.0.4 and above the default value of the + parameter <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#NTACLSUPPORT" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> nt acl support</I +></TT +></A +> has been changed from + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>false</TT +> to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>true</TT +>, so + manipulation of permissions is turned on by default.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1614">11.2. How to view file security on a Samba share</H1 +><P +>From an NT 4.0 client, single-click with the right mouse button on any file or directory in a Samba mounted drive letter or UNC path. When the menu pops-up, click - on the <span class="emphasis"><em>Properties</em></span> entry at the bottom of - the menu. This brings up the file properties dialog - box. Click on the tab <span class="emphasis"><em>Security</em></span> and you - will see three buttons, <span class="emphasis"><em>Permissions</em></span>, - <span class="emphasis"><em>Auditing</em></span>, and <span class="emphasis"><em>Ownership</em></span>. - The <span class="emphasis"><em>Auditing</em></span> button will cause either - an error message A requested privilege is not held - by the client to appear if the user is not the + on the <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Properties</I +></SPAN +> entry at the bottom of + the menu. This brings up the normal file properties dialog + box, but with Samba 2.0.4 this will have a new tab along the top + marked <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Security</I +></SPAN +>. Click on this tab and you + will see three buttons, <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Permissions</I +></SPAN +>, + <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Auditing</I +></SPAN +>, and <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Ownership</I +></SPAN +>. + The <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Auditing</I +></SPAN +> button will cause either + an error message <SPAN +CLASS="ERRORNAME" +>A requested privilege is not held + by the client</SPAN +> to appear if the user is not the NT Administrator, or a dialog which is intended to allow an Administrator to add auditing requirements to a file if the user is logged on as the NT Administrator. This dialog is non-functional with a Samba share at this time, as the only - useful button, the <b>Add</b> button will not currently - allow a list of users to be seen.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885176"></a>Viewing file ownership</h2></div></div><p>Clicking on the <b>"Ownership"</b> button + useful button, the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Add</B +> button will not currently + allow a list of users to be seen.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1625">11.3. Viewing file ownership</H1 +><P +>Clicking on the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Ownership"</B +> button brings up a dialog box telling you who owns the given file. The - owner name will be of the form :</p><p><b>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</b></p><p>Where <i><tt>SERVER</tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of - the Samba server, <i><tt>user</tt></i> is the user name of - the UNIX user who owns the file, and <i><tt>(Long name)</tt></i> + owner name will be of the form :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</B +></P +><P +>Where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>SERVER</I +></TT +> is the NetBIOS name of + the Samba server, <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> is the user name of + the UNIX user who owns the file, and <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>(Long name)</I +></TT +> is the descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the - GECOS field of the UNIX password database). Click on the <b>Close - </b> button to remove this dialog.</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then the file owner will - be shown as the NT user <b>"Everyone"</b>.</p><p>The <b>Take Ownership</b> button will not allow + GECOS field of the UNIX password database). Click on the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Close + </B +> button to remove this dialog.</P +><P +>If the parameter <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt acl support</I +></TT +> + is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>false</TT +> then the file owner will + be shown as the NT user <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Everyone"</B +>.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Take Ownership</B +> button will not allow you to change the ownership of this file to yourself (clicking on it will display a dialog box complaining that the user you are currently logged onto the NT client cannot be found). The reason for this is that changing the ownership of a file is a privileged - operation in UNIX, available only to the <span class="emphasis"><em>root</em></span> + operation in UNIX, available only to the <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>root</I +></SPAN +> user. As clicking on this button causes NT to attempt to change the ownership of a file to the current user logged into the NT - client this will not work with Samba at this time.</p><p>There is an NT chown command that will work with Samba + client this will not work with Samba at this time.</P +><P +>There is an NT chown command that will work with Samba and allow a user with Administrator privilege connected - to a Samba server as root to change the ownership of + to a Samba 2.0.4 server as root to change the ownership of files on both a local NTFS filesystem or remote mounted NTFS - or Samba drive. This is available as part of the <span class="emphasis"><em>Seclib - </em></span> NT security library written by Jeremy Allison of - the Samba Team, available from the main Samba ftp site.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885297"></a>Viewing file or directory permissions</h2></div></div><p>The third button is the <b>"Permissions"</b> + or Samba drive. This is available as part of the <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Seclib + </I +></SPAN +> NT security library written by Jeremy Allison of + the Samba Team, available from the main Samba ftp site.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1645">11.4. Viewing file or directory permissions</H1 +><P +>The third button is the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Permissions"</B +> button. Clicking on this brings up a dialog box that shows both the permissions and the UNIX owner of the file or directory. - The owner is displayed in the form :</p><p><b>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</b></p><p>Where <i><tt>SERVER</tt></i> is the NetBIOS name of - the Samba server, <i><tt>user</tt></i> is the user name of - the UNIX user who owns the file, and <i><tt>(Long name)</tt></i> + The owner is displayed in the form :</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"SERVER\user (Long name)"</B +></P +><P +>Where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>SERVER</I +></TT +> is the NetBIOS name of + the Samba server, <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>user</I +></TT +> is the user name of + the UNIX user who owns the file, and <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>(Long name)</I +></TT +> is the descriptive string identifying the user (normally found in the - GECOS field of the UNIX password database).</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then the file owner will - be shown as the NT user <b>"Everyone"</b> and the - permissions will be shown as NT "Full Control".</p><p>The permissions field is displayed differently for files + GECOS field of the UNIX password database).</P +><P +>If the parameter <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt acl support</I +></TT +> + is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>false</TT +> then the file owner will + be shown as the NT user <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Everyone"</B +> and the + permissions will be shown as NT "Full Control".</P +><P +>The permissions field is displayed differently for files and directories, so I'll describe the way file permissions - are displayed first.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885379"></a>File Permissions</h3></div></div><p>The standard UNIX user/group/world triple and - the corresponding "read", "write", "execute" permissions + are displayed first.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1660">11.4.1. File Permissions</H2 +><P +>The standard UNIX user/group/world triple and + the corresponding "read", "write", "execute" permissions triples are mapped by Samba into a three element NT ACL with the 'r', 'w', and 'x' bits mapped into the corresponding NT permissions. The UNIX world permissions are mapped into - the global NT group <b>Everyone</b>, followed + the global NT group <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>Everyone</B +>, followed by the list of permissions allowed for UNIX world. The UNIX owner and group permissions are displayed as an NT - <b>user</b> icon and an NT <b>local - group</b> icon respectively followed by the list - of permissions allowed for the UNIX user and group.</p><p>As many UNIX permission sets don't map into common - NT names such as <b>"read"</b>, <b> - "change"</b> or <b>"full control"</b> then - usually the permissions will be prefixed by the words <b> - "Special Access"</b> in the NT display list.</p><p>But what happens if the file has no permissions allowed + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>user</B +> icon and an NT <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>local + group</B +> icon respectively followed by the list + of permissions allowed for the UNIX user and group.</P +><P +>As many UNIX permission sets don't map into common + NT names such as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"read"</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> "change"</B +> or <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"full control"</B +> then + usually the permissions will be prefixed by the words <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> "Special Access"</B +> in the NT display list.</P +><P +>But what happens if the file has no permissions allowed for a particular UNIX user group or world component ? In order - to allow "no permissions" to be seen and modified then Samba - overloads the NT <b>"Take Ownership"</b> ACL attribute + to allow "no permissions" to be seen and modified then Samba + overloads the NT <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Take Ownership"</B +> ACL attribute (which has no meaning in UNIX) and reports a component with - no permissions as having the NT <b>"O"</b> bit set. + no permissions as having the NT <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"O"</B +> bit set. This was chosen of course to make it look like a zero, meaning zero permissions. More details on the decision behind this will - be given below.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2885483"></a>Directory Permissions</h3></div></div><p>Directories on an NT NTFS file system have two + be given below.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN1674">11.4.2. Directory Permissions</H2 +><P +>Directories on an NT NTFS file system have two different sets of permissions. The first set of permissions is the ACL set on the directory itself, this is usually displayed - in the first set of parentheses in the normal <b>"RW"</b> + in the first set of parentheses in the normal <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"RW"</B +> NT style. This first set of permissions is created by Samba in exactly the same way as normal file permissions are, described - above, and is displayed in the same way.</p><p>The second set of directory permissions has no real meaning - in the UNIX permissions world and represents the <b> - "inherited"</b> permissions that any file created within - this directory would inherit.</p><p>Samba synthesises these inherited permissions for NT by + above, and is displayed in the same way.</P +><P +>The second set of directory permissions has no real meaning + in the UNIX permissions world and represents the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> "inherited"</B +> permissions that any file created within + this directory would inherit.</P +><P +>Samba synthesises these inherited permissions for NT by returning as an NT ACL the UNIX permission mode that a new file - created by Samba on this share would receive.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885533"></a>Modifying file or directory permissions</h2></div></div><p>Modifying file and directory permissions is as simple + created by Samba on this share would receive.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1681">11.5. Modifying file or directory permissions</H1 +><P +>Modifying file and directory permissions is as simple as changing the displayed permissions in the dialog box, and - clicking the <b>OK</b> button. However, there are + clicking the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>OK</B +> button. However, there are limitations that a user needs to be aware of, and also interactions with the standard Samba permission masks and mapping of DOS - attributes that need to also be taken into account.</p><p>If the parameter <i><tt>nt acl support</tt></i> - is set to <tt>false</tt> then any attempt to set - security permissions will fail with an <b>"Access Denied" - </b> message.</p><p>The first thing to note is that the <b>"Add"</b> - button will not return a list of users in Samba (it will give - an error message of <b>"The remote procedure call failed - and did not execute"</b>). This means that you can only + attributes that need to also be taken into account.</P +><P +>If the parameter <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>nt acl support</I +></TT +> + is set to <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>false</TT +> then any attempt to set + security permissions will fail with an <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Access Denied" + </B +> message.</P +><P +>The first thing to note is that the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Add"</B +> + button will not return a list of users in Samba 2.0.4 (it will give + an error message of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"The remote procedure call failed + and did not execute"</B +>). This means that you can only manipulate the current user/group/world permissions listed in the dialog box. This actually works quite well as these are the - only permissions that UNIX actually has.</p><p>If a permission triple (either user, group, or world) + only permissions that UNIX actually has.</P +><P +>If a permission triple (either user, group, or world) is removed from the list of permissions in the NT dialog box, - then when the <b>"OK"</b> button is pressed it will - be applied as "no permissions" on the UNIX side. If you then - view the permissions again the "no permissions" entry will appear - as the NT <b>"O"</b> flag, as described above. This + then when the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> button is pressed it will + be applied as "no permissions" on the UNIX side. If you then + view the permissions again the "no permissions" entry will appear + as the NT <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"O"</B +> flag, as described above. This allows you to add permissions back to a file or directory once - you have removed them from a triple component.</p><p>As UNIX supports only the "r", "w" and "x" bits of - an NT ACL then if other NT security attributes such as "Delete - access" are selected then they will be ignored when applied on - the Samba server.</p><p>When setting permissions on a directory the second + you have removed them from a triple component.</P +><P +>As UNIX supports only the "r", "w" and "x" bits of + an NT ACL then if other NT security attributes such as "Delete + access" are selected then they will be ignored when applied on + the Samba server.</P +><P +>When setting permissions on a directory the second set of permissions (in the second set of parentheses) is by default applied to all files within that directory. If this - is not what you want you must uncheck the <b>"Replace - permissions on existing files"</b> checkbox in the NT - dialog before clicking <b>"OK"</b>.</p><p>If you wish to remove all permissions from a + is not what you want you must uncheck the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Replace + permissions on existing files"</B +> checkbox in the NT + dialog before clicking <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +>.</P +><P +>If you wish to remove all permissions from a user/group/world component then you may either highlight the - component and click the <b>"Remove"</b> button, - or set the component to only have the special <b>"Take - Ownership"</b> permission (displayed as <b>"O" - </b>) highlighted.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2885693"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba create mask - parameters</h2></div></div><p>There are four parameters - to control interaction with the standard Samba create mask parameters. - These are :</p><p><i><tt>security mask</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force directory security mode</tt></i></p><p>Once a user clicks <b>"OK"</b> to apply the + component and click the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Remove"</B +> button, + or set the component to only have the special <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Take + Ownership"</B +> permission (displayed as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"O" + </B +>) highlighted.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1703">11.6. Interaction with the standard Samba create mask + parameters</H1 +><P +>Note that with Samba 2.0.5 there are four new parameters + to control this interaction. These are :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security mask</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security mode</I +></TT +></P +><P +>Once a user clicks <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> to apply the permissions Samba maps the given permissions into a user/group/world r/w/x triple set, and then will check the changed permissions for a - file against the bits set in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYMASK" target="_top"> - <i><tt>security mask</tt></i></a> parameter. Any bits that + file against the bits set in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYMASK" +TARGET="_top" +> + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. Any bits that were changed that are not set to '1' in this parameter are left alone - in the file permissions.</p><p>Essentially, zero bits in the <i><tt>security mask</tt></i> - mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is <span class="emphasis"><em>not</em></span> + in the file permissions.</P +><P +>Essentially, zero bits in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +> + mask may be treated as a set of bits the user is <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>not</I +></SPAN +> allowed to change, and one bits are those the user is allowed to change. - </p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value as - the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" target="_top"><i><tt>create mask - </tt></i></a> parameter. To allow a user to modify all the - user/group/world permissions on a file, set this parameter - to 0777.</p><p>Next Samba checks the changed permissions for a file against - the bits set in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#FORCESECURITYMODE" target="_top"> - <i><tt>force security mode</tt></i></a> parameter. Any bits + </P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value as + the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#CREATEMASK" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask + </I +></TT +></A +> parameter to provide compatibility with Samba 2.0.4 + where this permission change facility was introduced. To allow a user to + modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file, set this parameter + to 0777.</P +><P +>Next Samba checks the changed permissions for a file against + the bits set in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#FORCESECURITYMODE" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameter. Any bits that were changed that correspond to bits set to '1' in this parameter - are forced to be set.</p><p>Essentially, bits set in the <i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i> parameter may be treated as a set of bits that, when - modifying security on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</p><p>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value - as the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#FORCECREATEMODE" target="_top"><i><tt>force - create mode</tt></i></a> parameter. + are forced to be set.</P +><P +>Essentially, bits set in the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode + </I +></TT +> parameter may be treated as a set of bits that, when + modifying security on a file, the user has always set to be 'on'.</P +><P +>If not set explicitly this parameter is set to the same value + as the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#FORCECREATEMODE" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + create mode</I +></TT +></A +> parameter to provide compatibility + with Samba 2.0.4 where the permission change facility was introduced. To allow a user to modify all the user/group/world permissions on a file - with no restrictions set this parameter to 000.</p><p>The <i><tt>security mask</tt></i> and <i><tt>force - security mode</tt></i> parameters are applied to the change - request in that order.</p><p>For a directory Samba will perform the same operations as - described above for a file except using the parameter <i><tt> - directory security mask</tt></i> instead of <i><tt>security - mask</tt></i>, and <i><tt>force directory security mode - </tt></i> parameter instead of <i><tt>force security mode - </tt></i>.</p><p>The <i><tt>directory security mask</tt></i> parameter - by default is set to the same value as the <i><tt>directory mask - </tt></i> parameter and the <i><tt>force directory security - mode</tt></i> parameter by default is set to the same value as - the <i><tt>force directory mode</tt></i> parameter. </p><p>In this way Samba enforces the permission restrictions that + with no restrictions set this parameter to 000.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force + security mode</I +></TT +> parameters are applied to the change + request in that order.</P +><P +>For a directory Samba will perform the same operations as + described above for a file except using the parameter <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +> directory security mask</I +></TT +> instead of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security + mask</I +></TT +>, and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security mode + </I +></TT +> parameter instead of <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode + </I +></TT +>.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security mask</I +></TT +> parameter + by default is set to the same value as the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mask + </I +></TT +> parameter and the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security + mode</I +></TT +> parameter by default is set to the same value as + the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory mode</I +></TT +> parameter to provide + compatibility with Samba 2.0.4 where the permission change facility + was introduced.</P +><P +>In this way Samba enforces the permission restrictions that an administrator can set on a Samba share, whilst still allowing users - to modify the permission bits within that restriction.</p><p>If you want to set up a share that allows users full control + to modify the permission bits within that restriction.</P +><P +>If you want to set up a share that allows users full control in modifying the permission bits on their files and directories and doesn't force any particular bits to be set 'on', then set the following - parameters in the <tt>smb.conf</tt> file in that share specific section :</p><p><i><tt>security mask = 0777</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force security mode = 0</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>directory security mask = 0777</tt></i></p><p><i><tt>force directory security mode = 0</tt></i></p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2886008"></a>Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute - mapping</h2></div></div><p>Samba maps some of the DOS attribute bits (such as "read - only") into the UNIX permissions of a file. This means there can + parameters in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +></A +> file in that share specific section :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>security mask = 0777</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force security mode = 0</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory security mask = 0777</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory security mode = 0</I +></TT +></P +><P +>As described, in Samba 2.0.4 the parameters :</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>create mask</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force create mode</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>directory mask</I +></TT +></P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>force directory mode</I +></TT +></P +><P +>were used instead of the parameters discussed here.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN1767">11.7. Interaction with the standard Samba file attribute + mapping</H1 +><P +>Samba maps some of the DOS attribute bits (such as "read + only") into the UNIX permissions of a file. This means there can be a conflict between the permission bits set via the security dialog and the permission bits set by the file attribute mapping. - </p><p>One way this can show up is if a file has no UNIX read access - for the owner it will show up as "read only" in the standard + </P +><P +>One way this can show up is if a file has no UNIX read access + for the owner it will show up as "read only" in the standard file attributes tabbed dialog. Unfortunately this dialog is - the same one that contains the security info in another tab.</p><p>What this can mean is that if the owner changes the permissions + the same one that contains the security info in another tab.</P +><P +>What this can mean is that if the owner changes the permissions to allow themselves read access using the security dialog, clicks - <b>"OK"</b> to get back to the standard attributes tab - dialog, and then clicks <b>"OK"</b> on that dialog, then + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> to get back to the standard attributes tab + dialog, and then clicks <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> on that dialog, then NT will set the file permissions back to read-only (as that is what the attributes still say in the dialog). This means that after setting - permissions and clicking <b>"OK"</b> to get back to the - attributes dialog you should always hit <b>"Cancel"</b> - rather than <b>"OK"</b> to ensure that your changes - are not overridden.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="passdb.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="groupmapping.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 10. User information database </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 12. Configuring Group Mapping</td></tr></table></div></body></html> + permissions and clicking <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> to get back to the + attributes dialog you should always hit <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"Cancel"</B +> + rather than <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>"OK"</B +> to ensure that your changes + are not overridden.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="NAVFOOTER" +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"><TABLE +SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" +ACCESSKEY="H" +>Home</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="pam.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="top" +>Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TD +><TD +WIDTH="34%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="top" +><A +HREF="optional.html" +ACCESSKEY="U" +>Up</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="33%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="top" +>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally +managed authentication</TD +></TR +></TABLE +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/vfs.html b/docs/htmldocs/vfs.html index fcaca133fe..11934ae47c 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/vfs.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/vfs.html @@ -5,19 +5,20 @@ >Stackable VFS modules</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" +TITLE="Optional configuration" HREF="optional.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication" -HREF="pam.html"><LINK +TITLE="Passdb XML plugin" +HREF="pdb-xml.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba" -HREF="msdfs.html"></HEAD +TITLE="Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory" +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="CHAPTER" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" @@ -45,7 +46,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="pam.html" +HREF="pdb-xml.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -59,7 +60,7 @@ WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A -HREF="msdfs.html" +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -72,79 +73,13 @@ WIDTH="100%"></DIV CLASS="CHAPTER" ><H1 ><A -NAME="VFS" -></A ->Chapter 21. Stackable VFS modules</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->21.1. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3600" ->Introduction and configuration</A -></DT -><DT ->21.2. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3609" ->Included modules</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->21.2.1. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3611" ->audit</A -></DT -><DT ->21.2.2. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3619" ->extd_audit</A -></DT -><DT ->21.2.3. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3623" ->recycle</A -></DT -><DT ->21.2.4. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3660" ->netatalk</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -><DT ->21.3. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3667" ->VFS modules available elsewhere</A -></DT -><DD -><DL -><DT ->21.3.1. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3671" ->DatabaseFS</A -></DT -><DT ->21.3.2. <A -HREF="vfs.html#AEN3679" ->vscan</A -></DT -></DL -></DD -></DL -></DIV +NAME="VFS">Chapter 18. Stackable VFS modules</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3600" ->21.1. Introduction and configuration</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN2640">18.1. Introduction and configuration</H1 ><P >Since samba 3.0, samba supports stackable VFS(Virtual File System) modules. Samba passes each request to access the unix file system thru the loaded VFS modules. @@ -183,17 +118,13 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3609" ->21.2. Included modules</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN2649">18.2. Included modules</H1 ><DIV CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3611" ->21.2.1. audit</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN2651">18.2.1. audit</H2 ><P >A simple module to audit file access to the syslog facility. The following operations are logged: @@ -229,31 +160,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3619" ->21.2.2. extd_audit</A -></H2 -><P ->This module is identical with the <SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->audit</I -></SPAN -> module above except -that it sends audit logs to both syslog as well as the smbd log file/s. The -loglevel for this module is set in the smb.conf file. At loglevel = 0, only file -and directory deletions and directory and file creations are logged. At loglevel = 1 -file opens are renames and permission changes are logged , while at loglevel = 2 file -open and close calls are logged also.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3623" ->21.2.3. recycle</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN2659">18.2.2. recycle</H2 ><P >A recycle-bin like modules. When used any unlink call will be intercepted and files moved to the recycle @@ -322,9 +229,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3660" ->21.2.4. netatalk</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN2696">18.2.3. netatalk</H2 ><P >A netatalk module, that will ease co-existence of samba and netatalk file sharing services.</P @@ -355,9 +260,7 @@ CLASS="SECT1" ><H1 CLASS="SECT1" ><A -NAME="AEN3667" ->21.3. VFS modules available elsewhere</A -></H1 +NAME="AEN2703">18.3. VFS modules available elsewhere</H1 ><P >This section contains a listing of various other VFS modules that have been posted but don't currently reside in the Samba CVS @@ -371,9 +274,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3671" ->21.3.1. DatabaseFS</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN2707">18.3.1. DatabaseFS</H2 ><P >URL: <A HREF="http://www.css.tayloru.edu/~elorimer/databasefs/index.php" @@ -405,9 +306,7 @@ CLASS="SECT2" ><H2 CLASS="SECT2" ><A -NAME="AEN3679" ->21.3.2. vscan</A -></H2 +NAME="AEN2715">18.3.2. vscan</H2 ><P >URL: <A HREF="http://www.openantivirus.org/" @@ -439,7 +338,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="pam.html" +HREF="pdb-xml.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD @@ -457,7 +356,7 @@ WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A -HREF="msdfs.html" +HREF="samba-ldap-howto.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD @@ -467,7 +366,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="N" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ->PAM Configuration for Centrally Managed Authentication</TD +>Passdb XML plugin</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" @@ -481,7 +380,7 @@ ACCESSKEY="U" WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ->Hosting a Microsoft Distributed File System tree on Samba</TD +>Storing Samba's User/Machine Account information in an LDAP Directory</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/vfstest.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/vfstest.1.html index 8c5565f02b..1fd7880805 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/vfstest.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/vfstest.1.html @@ -1,43 +1,487 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>vfstest</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="vfstest.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>vfstest — tool for testing samba VFS modules </p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>vfstest</tt> [-d debuglevel] [-c command] [-l logfile] [-h]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>vfstest</b> is a small command line +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>vfstest</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="VFSTEST">vfstest</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>vfstest -- tool for testing samba VFS modules </DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vfstest</B +> [-d debuglevel] [-c command] [-l logfile] [-h]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN15" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>vfstest</B +> is a small command line utility that has the ability to test dso samba VFS modules. It gives the user the ability to call the various VFS functions manually and supports cascaded VFS modules. - </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-c|--command=command</span></dt><dd><p>Execute the specified (colon-separated) commands. + </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN21" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-c|--command=command</DT +><DD +><P +>Execute the specified (colon-separated) commands. See below for the commands that are available. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension - <tt>'.client'</tt> will be appended. The log file is never removed - by the client. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer + </P +></DD +><DT +>-d|--debug=debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +><TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>debuglevel</I +></TT +> is an integer from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be +not specified is zero.</P +><P +>The higher this value, the more detail will be logged to the log files about the activities of the server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable +information about operations carried out.</P +><P +>Levels above 1 will generate considerable amounts of log data, and should only be used when investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>COMMANDS</h2><p><span class="emphasis"><em>VFS COMMANDS</em></span></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><b>load <module.so></b> - Load specified VFS module </p></li><li><p><b>populate <char> <size></b> - Populate a data buffer with the specified data - </p></li><li><p><b>showdata [<offset> <len>]</b> - Show data currently in data buffer - </p></li><li><p><b>connect</b> - VFS connect()</p></li><li><p><b>disconnect</b> - VFS disconnect()</p></li><li><p><b>disk_free</b> - VFS disk_free()</p></li><li><p><b>opendir</b> - VFS opendir()</p></li><li><p><b>readdir</b> - VFS readdir()</p></li><li><p><b>mkdir</b> - VFS mkdir()</p></li><li><p><b>rmdir</b> - VFS rmdir()</p></li><li><p><b>closedir</b> - VFS closedir()</p></li><li><p><b>open</b> - VFS open()</p></li><li><p><b>close</b> - VFS close()</p></li><li><p><b>read</b> - VFS read()</p></li><li><p><b>write</b> - VFS write()</p></li><li><p><b>lseek</b> - VFS lseek()</p></li><li><p><b>rename</b> - VFS rename()</p></li><li><p><b>fsync</b> - VFS fsync()</p></li><li><p><b>stat</b> - VFS stat()</p></li><li><p><b>fstat</b> - VFS fstat()</p></li><li><p><b>lstat</b> - VFS lstat()</p></li><li><p><b>unlink</b> - VFS unlink()</p></li><li><p><b>chmod</b> - VFS chmod()</p></li><li><p><b>fchmod</b> - VFS fchmod()</p></li><li><p><b>chown</b> - VFS chown()</p></li><li><p><b>fchown</b> - VFS fchown()</p></li><li><p><b>chdir</b> - VFS chdir()</p></li><li><p><b>getwd</b> - VFS getwd()</p></li><li><p><b>utime</b> - VFS utime()</p></li><li><p><b>ftruncate</b> - VFS ftruncate()</p></li><li><p><b>lock</b> - VFS lock()</p></li><li><p><b>symlink</b> - VFS symlink()</p></li><li><p><b>readlink</b> - VFS readlink()</p></li><li><p><b>link</b> - VFS link()</p></li><li><p><b>mknod</b> - VFS mknod()</p></li><li><p><b>realpath</b> - VFS realpath()</p></li></ul></div><p><span class="emphasis"><em>GENERAL COMMANDS</em></span></p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><b>conf <smb.conf></b> - Load a different configuration file</p></li><li><p><b>help [<command>]</b> - Get list of commands or info about specified command</p></li><li><p><b>debuglevel <level></b> - Set debug level</p></li><li><p><b>freemem</b> - Free memory currently in use</p></li><li><p><b>exit</b> - Exit vfstest</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba - suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities +data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</P +><P +>Note that specifying this parameter here will +override the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" +TARGET="_top" +>log +level</A +> parameter in the <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +></A +> file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-h|--help</DT +><DD +><P +>Print a summary of command line options.</P +></DD +><DT +>-l|--logfile=logbasename</DT +><DD +><P +>File name for log/debug files. The extension + <TT +CLASS="CONSTANT" +>'.client'</TT +> will be appended. The log file is never removed + by the client. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN48" +></A +><H2 +>COMMANDS</H2 +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>VFS COMMANDS</I +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>load <module.so></B +> - Load specified VFS module </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>populate <char> <size></B +> - Populate a data buffer with the specified data + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>showdata [<offset> <len>]</B +> - Show data currently in data buffer + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>connect</B +> - VFS connect()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disconnect</B +> - VFS disconnect()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>disk_free</B +> - VFS disk_free()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>opendir</B +> - VFS opendir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>readdir</B +> - VFS readdir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mkdir</B +> - VFS mkdir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rmdir</B +> - VFS rmdir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>closedir</B +> - VFS closedir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>open</B +> - VFS open()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>close</B +> - VFS close()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>read</B +> - VFS read()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>write</B +> - VFS write()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lseek</B +> - VFS lseek()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rename</B +> - VFS rename()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fsync</B +> - VFS fsync()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>stat</B +> - VFS stat()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fstat</B +> - VFS fstat()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lstat</B +> - VFS lstat()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>unlink</B +> - VFS unlink()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chmod</B +> - VFS chmod()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fchmod</B +> - VFS fchmod()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chown</B +> - VFS chown()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>fchown</B +> - VFS fchown()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>chdir</B +> - VFS chdir()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getwd</B +> - VFS getwd()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>utime</B +> - VFS utime()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ftruncate</B +> - VFS ftruncate()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>lock</B +> - VFS lock()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>symlink</B +> - VFS symlink()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>readlink</B +> - VFS readlink()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>link</B +> - VFS link()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>mknod</B +> - VFS mknod()</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>realpath</B +> - VFS realpath()</P +></LI +></UL +><P +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>GENERAL COMMANDS</I +></P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>conf <smb.conf></B +> - Load a different configuration file</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>help [<command>]</B +> - Get list of commands or info about specified command</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>debuglevel <level></B +> - Set debug level</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>freemem</B +> - Free memory currently in use</P +></LI +><LI +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>exit</B +> - Exit vfstest</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN179" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of the Samba + suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN182" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p>The vfstest man page was written by Jelmer Vernooij.</p></div></div></body></html> + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +>The vfstest man page was written by Jelmer Vernooij.</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/wbinfo.1.html b/docs/htmldocs/wbinfo.1.html index fc72b333a8..a8aa065eed 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/wbinfo.1.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/wbinfo.1.html @@ -1,71 +1,383 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>wbinfo</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="wbinfo.1"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>wbinfo — Query information from winbind daemon</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>wbinfo</tt> [-u] [-g] [-N netbios-name] [-I ip] [-n name] [-s sid] [-U uid] [-G gid] [-S sid] [-Y sid] [-t] [-m] [--sequence] [-r user] [-a user%password] [-A user%password] [--get-auth-user] [-p]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This tool is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p>The <b>wbinfo</b> program queries and returns information - created and used by the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon. </p><p>The <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon must be configured - and running for the <b>wbinfo</b> program to be able - to return information.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-u</span></dt><dd><p>This option will list all users available - in the Windows NT domain for which the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon is operating in. Users in all trusted domains +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>wbinfo</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.77"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="WBINFO" +></A +>wbinfo</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>wbinfo -- Query information from winbind daemon</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8" +></A +><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> [-u] [-g] [-i ip] [-N netbios-name] [-n name] [-s sid] [-U uid] [-G gid] [-S sid] [-Y sid] [-t] [-m] [-r user] [-a user%password] [-A user%password] [-p]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN27" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This tool is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> program queries and returns information + created and used by the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd(8)</B +></A +> daemon. </P +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> daemon must be configured + and running for the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> program to be able + to return information.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN38" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-u</DT +><DD +><P +>This option will list all users available + in the Windows NT domain for which the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8) + </B +> daemon is operating in. Users in all trusted domains will also be listed. Note that this operation does not assign - user ids to any users that have not already been seen by <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> - .</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-g</span></dt><dd><p>This option will list all groups available - in the Windows NT domain for which the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> daemon is operating in. Groups in all trusted domains + user ids to any users that have not already been seen by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +>.</P +></DD +><DT +>-g</DT +><DD +><P +>This option will list all groups available + in the Windows NT domain for which the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8) + </B +> daemon is operating in. Groups in all trusted domains will also be listed. Note that this operation does not assign - group ids to any groups that have not already been - seen by <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a>. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-N name</span></dt><dd><p>The <i><tt>-N</tt></i> option - queries <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> to query the WINS + group ids to any groups that have not already been seen by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +>. </P +></DD +><DT +>-N name</DT +><DD +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-N</I +></TT +> option + queries <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> to query the WINS server for the IP address associated with the NetBIOS name - specified by the <i><tt>name</tt></i> parameter. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-I ip</span></dt><dd><p>The <i><tt>-I</tt></i> option - queries <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> to send a node status + specified by the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>name</I +></TT +> parameter. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-I ip</DT +><DD +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-I</I +></TT +> option + queries <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> to send a node status request to get the NetBIOS name associated with the IP address - specified by the <i><tt>ip</tt></i> parameter. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n name</span></dt><dd><p>The <i><tt>-n</tt></i> option - queries <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> for the SID + specified by the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>ip</I +></TT +> parameter. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-n name</DT +><DD +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-n</I +></TT +> option + queries <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> for the SID associated with the name specified. Domain names can be specified before the user name by using the winbind separator character. For example CWDOM1/Administrator refers to the Administrator user in the domain CWDOM1. If no domain is specified then the - domain used is the one specified in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> <i><tt>workgroup - </tt></i> parameter. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s sid</span></dt><dd><p>Use <i><tt>-s</tt></i> to resolve - a SID to a name. This is the inverse of the <i><tt>-n - </tt></i> option above. SIDs must be specified as ASCII strings + domain used is the one specified in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>workgroup</I +></TT +> parameter. </P +></DD +><DT +>-s sid</DT +><DD +><P +>Use <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-s</I +></TT +> to resolve + a SID to a name. This is the inverse of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-n + </I +></TT +> option above. SIDs must be specified as ASCII strings in the traditional Microsoft format. For example, - S-1-5-21-1455342024-3071081365-2475485837-500. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-U uid</span></dt><dd><p>Try to convert a UNIX user id to a Windows NT + S-1-5-21-1455342024-3071081365-2475485837-500. </P +></DD +><DT +>-U uid</DT +><DD +><P +>Try to convert a UNIX user id to a Windows NT SID. If the uid specified does not refer to one within - the winbind uid range then the operation will fail. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-G gid</span></dt><dd><p>Try to convert a UNIX group id to a Windows + the winbind uid range then the operation will fail. </P +></DD +><DT +>-G gid</DT +><DD +><P +>Try to convert a UNIX group id to a Windows NT SID. If the gid specified does not refer to one within - the winbind gid range then the operation will fail. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S sid</span></dt><dd><p>Convert a SID to a UNIX user id. If the SID - does not correspond to a UNIX user mapped by <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> then the operation will fail. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-Y sid</span></dt><dd><p>Convert a SID to a UNIX group id. If the SID - does not correspond to a UNIX group mapped by <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> then - the operation will fail. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-t</span></dt><dd><p>Verify that the workstation trust account + the winbind gid range then the operation will fail. </P +></DD +><DT +>-S sid</DT +><DD +><P +>Convert a SID to a UNIX user id. If the SID + does not correspond to a UNIX user mapped by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd(8)</B +> then the operation will fail. </P +></DD +><DT +>-Y sid</DT +><DD +><P +>Convert a SID to a UNIX group id. If the SID + does not correspond to a UNIX group mapped by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd(8)</B +> then the operation will fail. </P +></DD +><DT +>-t</DT +><DD +><P +>Verify that the workstation trust account created when the Samba server is added to the Windows NT - domain is working. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-m</span></dt><dd><p>Produce a list of domains trusted by the - Windows NT server <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> contacts + domain is working. </P +></DD +><DT +>-m</DT +><DD +><P +>Produce a list of domains trusted by the + Windows NT server <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> contacts when resolving names. This list does not include the Windows NT domain the server is a Primary Domain Controller for. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">--sequence</span></dt><dd><p>Show sequence numbers of - all known domains</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-r username</span></dt><dd><p>Try to obtain the list of UNIX group ids + </P +></DD +><DT +>-r username</DT +><DD +><P +>Try to obtain the list of UNIX group ids to which the user belongs. This only works for users defined on a Domain Controller. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-a username%password</span></dt><dd><p>Attempt to authenticate a user via winbindd. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-a username%password</DT +><DD +><P +>Attempt to authenticate a user via winbindd. This checks both authenticaion methods and reports its results. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-A username%password</span></dt><dd><p>Store username and password used by winbindd + </P +></DD +><DT +>-A username%password</DT +><DD +><P +>Store username and password used by winbindd during session setup to a domain controller. This enables winbindd to operate in a Windows 2000 domain with Restrict Anonymous turned on (a.k.a. Permissions compatiable with Windows 2000 servers only). - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">--get-auth-user</span></dt><dd><p>Print username and password used by winbindd - during session setup to a domain controller. Username - and password can be set using '-A'. Only available for - root.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-p</span></dt><dd><p>Check whether winbindd is still alive. - Prints out either 'succeeded' or 'failed'. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXIT STATUS</h2><p>The wbinfo program returns 0 if the operation - succeeded, or 1 if the operation failed. If the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> daemon is not working <b>wbinfo</b> will always return - failure. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN120" +></A +><H2 +>EXIT STATUS</H2 +><P +>The wbinfo program returns 0 if the operation + succeeded, or 1 if the operation failed. If the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8) + </B +> daemon is not working <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> will always return + failure. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN125" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN128" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd(8)</B +> + </A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN133" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p><b>wbinfo</b> and <b>winbindd</b> - were written by Tim Potter.</p><p>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba - 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> + were written by Tim Potter.</P +><P +>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/winbind.html b/docs/htmldocs/winbind.html index 3672fa0717..1558512a61 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/winbind.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/winbind.html @@ -1,75 +1,244 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="optional.html" title="Part III. Advanced Configuration"><link rel="previous" href="CUPS-printing.html" title="Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support"><link rel="next" href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html" title="Chapter 16. Advanced Network Manangement"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CUPS-printing.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part III. Advanced Configuration</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title"><a name="winbind"></a>Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</h2></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Tim Potter</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tpot@linuxcare.com.au">tpot@linuxcare.com.au</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Andrew Tridgell</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:tridge@samba.org">tridge@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">John H. Terpstra</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Naag Mummaneni</h3><div class="affiliation"><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:getnag@rediffmail.com">getnag@rediffmail.com</a>></tt></p></div></div></div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">Jelmer R. Vernooij</h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">The Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt><<a href="mailto:jelmer@samba.org">jelmer@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">27 June 2002</p></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891610">Abstract</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891639">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2891710">What Winbind Provides</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2888972">Target Uses</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889003">How Winbind Works</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889031">Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889066">Microsoft Active Directory Services</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2889088">Name Service Switch</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892176">Pluggable Authentication Modules</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892248">User and Group ID Allocation</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892282">Result Caching</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892310">Installation and Configuration</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892338">Introduction</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892413">Requirements</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2892507">Testing Things Out</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2894106">Limitations</a></dt><dt><a href="winbind.html#id2894160">Conclusion</a></dt></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891610"></a>Abstract</h2></div></div><p>Integration of UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT through - a unified logon has been considered a "holy grail" in heterogeneous +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"><LINK +REL="HOME" +TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" +HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK +REL="UP" +TITLE="Optional configuration" +HREF="optional.html"><LINK +REL="PREVIOUS" +TITLE="Printing Support" +HREF="printing.html"><LINK +REL="NEXT" +TITLE="Passdb MySQL plugin" +HREF="pdb-mysql.html"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="CHAPTER" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><DIV +CLASS="NAVHEADER" +><TABLE +SUMMARY="Header navigation table" +WIDTH="100%" +BORDER="0" +CELLPADDING="0" +CELLSPACING="0" +><TR +><TH +COLSPAN="3" +ALIGN="center" +>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH +></TR +><TR +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="left" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="printing.html" +ACCESSKEY="P" +>Prev</A +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="80%" +ALIGN="center" +VALIGN="bottom" +></TD +><TD +WIDTH="10%" +ALIGN="right" +VALIGN="bottom" +><A +HREF="pdb-mysql.html" +ACCESSKEY="N" +>Next</A +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +><HR +ALIGN="LEFT" +WIDTH="100%"></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="CHAPTER" +><H1 +><A +NAME="WINBIND">Chapter 15. Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2225">15.1. Abstract</H1 +><P +>Integration of UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT through + a unified logon has been considered a "holy grail" in heterogeneous computing environments for a long time. We present - <span class="emphasis"><em>winbind</em></span>, a component of the Samba suite + <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>winbind</I +></SPAN +>, a component of the Samba suite of programs as a solution to the unified logon problem. Winbind uses a UNIX implementation of Microsoft RPC calls, Pluggable Authentication Modules, and the Name Service Switch to allow Windows NT domain users to appear and operate as UNIX users on a UNIX machine. This paper describes the winbind system, explaining the functionality it provides, how it is configured, - and how it works internally.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891639"></a>Introduction</h2></div></div><p>It is well known that UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT have + and how it works internally.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2229">15.2. Introduction</H1 +><P +>It is well known that UNIX and Microsoft Windows NT have different models for representing user and group information and use different technologies for implementing them. This fact has made it difficult to integrate the two systems in a satisfactory - manner.</p><p>One common solution in use today has been to create + manner.</P +><P +>One common solution in use today has been to create identically named user accounts on both the UNIX and Windows systems and use the Samba suite of programs to provide file and print services between the two. This solution is far from perfect however, as adding and deleting users on both sets of machines becomes a chore and two sets of passwords are required both of which can lead to synchronization problems between the UNIX and Windows - systems and confusion for users.</p><p>We divide the unified logon problem for UNIX machines into - three smaller problems:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Obtaining Windows NT user and group information - </p></li><li><p>Authenticating Windows NT users - </p></li><li><p>Password changing for Windows NT users - </p></li></ul></div><p>Ideally, a prospective solution to the unified logon problem + systems and confusion for users.</P +><P +>We divide the unified logon problem for UNIX machines into + three smaller problems:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Obtaining Windows NT user and group information + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Authenticating Windows NT users + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Password changing for Windows NT users + </P +></LI +></UL +><P +>Ideally, a prospective solution to the unified logon problem would satisfy all the above components without duplication of information on the UNIX machines and without creating additional tasks for the system administrator when maintaining users and groups on either system. The winbind system provides a simple and elegant solution to all three components of the unified logon - problem.</p></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2891710"></a>What Winbind Provides</h2></div></div><p>Winbind unifies UNIX and Windows NT account management by + problem.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2242">15.3. What Winbind Provides</H1 +><P +>Winbind unifies UNIX and Windows NT account management by allowing a UNIX box to become a full member of a NT domain. Once this is done the UNIX box will see NT users and groups as if they were native UNIX users and groups, allowing the NT domain to be used in much the same manner that NIS+ is used within - UNIX-only environments.</p><p>The end result is that whenever any + UNIX-only environments.</P +><P +>The end result is that whenever any program on the UNIX machine asks the operating system to lookup a user or group name, the query will be resolved by asking the NT domain controller for the specified domain to do the lookup. Because Winbind hooks into the operating system at a low level (via the NSS name resolution modules in the C library) this redirection to the NT domain controller is completely - transparent.</p><p>Users on the UNIX machine can then use NT user and group - names as they would use "native" UNIX names. They can chown files + transparent.</P +><P +>Users on the UNIX machine can then use NT user and group + names as they would use "native" UNIX names. They can chown files so that they are owned by NT domain users or even login to the - UNIX machine and run a UNIX X-Window session as a domain user.</p><p>The only obvious indication that Winbind is being used is + UNIX machine and run a UNIX X-Window session as a domain user.</P +><P +>The only obvious indication that Winbind is being used is that user and group names take the form DOMAIN\user and DOMAIN\group. This is necessary as it allows Winbind to determine that redirection to a domain controller is wanted for a particular - lookup and which trusted domain is being referenced.</p><p>Additionally, Winbind provides an authentication service + lookup and which trusted domain is being referenced.</P +><P +>Additionally, Winbind provides an authentication service that hooks into the Pluggable Authentication Modules (PAM) system to provide authentication via a NT domain to any PAM enabled applications. This capability solves the problem of synchronizing passwords between systems since all passwords are stored in a single - location (on the domain controller).</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2888972"></a>Target Uses</h3></div></div><p>Winbind is targeted at organizations that have an + location (on the domain controller).</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2249">15.3.1. Target Uses</H2 +><P +>Winbind is targeted at organizations that have an existing NT based domain infrastructure into which they wish to put UNIX workstations or servers. Winbind will allow these organizations to deploy UNIX workstations without having to maintain a separate account infrastructure. This greatly simplifies the administrative overhead of deploying UNIX - workstations into a NT based organization.</p><p>Another interesting way in which we expect Winbind to + workstations into a NT based organization.</P +><P +>Another interesting way in which we expect Winbind to be used is as a central part of UNIX based appliances. Appliances that provide file and print services to Microsoft based networks will be able to use Winbind to provide seamless integration of - the appliance into the domain.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2889003"></a>How Winbind Works</h2></div></div><p>The winbind system is designed around a client/server - architecture. A long running <b>winbindd</b> daemon + the appliance into the domain.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2253">15.4. How Winbind Works</H1 +><P +>The winbind system is designed around a client/server + architecture. A long running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemon listens on a UNIX domain socket waiting for requests to arrive. These requests are generated by the NSS and PAM - clients and processed sequentially.</p><p>The technologies used to implement winbind are described - in detail below.</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889031"></a>Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</h3></div></div><p>Over the last few years, efforts have been underway + clients and processed sequentially.</P +><P +>The technologies used to implement winbind are described + in detail below.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2258">15.4.1. Microsoft Remote Procedure Calls</H2 +><P +>Over the last two years, efforts have been underway by various Samba Team members to decode various aspects of the Microsoft Remote Procedure Call (MSRPC) system. This system is used for most network related operations between @@ -77,21 +246,23 @@ and print spooling. Although initially this work was done to aid the implementation of Primary Domain Controller (PDC) functionality in Samba, it has also yielded a body of code which - can be used for other purposes.</p><p>Winbind uses various MSRPC calls to enumerate domain users + can be used for other purposes.</P +><P +>Winbind uses various MSRPC calls to enumerate domain users and groups and to obtain detailed information about individual users or groups. Other MSRPC calls can be used to authenticate NT domain users and to change user passwords. By directly querying a Windows PDC for user and group information, winbind maps the - NT account information onto UNIX user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889066"></a>Microsoft Active Directory Services</h3></div></div><p> - Since late 2001, Samba has gained the ability to - interact with Microsoft Windows 2000 using its 'Native - Mode' protocols, rather than the NT4 RPC services. - Using LDAP and Kerberos, a domain member running - winbind can enumerate users and groups in exactly the - same way as a Win2k client would, and in so doing - provide a much more efficient and - effective winbind implementation. - </p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2889088"></a>Name Service Switch</h3></div></div><p>The Name Service Switch, or NSS, is a feature that is + NT account information onto UNIX user and group names.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2262">15.4.2. Name Service Switch</H2 +><P +>The Name Service Switch, or NSS, is a feature that is present in many UNIX operating systems. It allows system information such as hostnames, mail aliases and user information to be resolved from different sources. For example, a standalone @@ -99,7 +270,9 @@ flat files stored on the local filesystem. A networked workstation may first attempt to resolve system information from local files, and then consult a NIS database for user information or a DNS server - for hostname information.</p><p>The NSS application programming interface allows winbind + for hostname information.</P +><P +>The NSS application programming interface allows winbind to present itself as a source of system information when resolving UNIX usernames and groups. Winbind uses this interface, and information obtained from a Windows NT server using MSRPC @@ -107,26 +280,67 @@ UNIX library calls, one can enumerate the users and groups on a UNIX machine running winbind and see all users and groups in a NT domain plus any trusted domain as though they were local - users and groups.</p><p>The primary control file for NSS is - <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt>. + users and groups.</P +><P +>The primary control file for NSS is + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +>. When a UNIX application makes a request to do a lookup - the C library looks in <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> + the C library looks in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> for a line which matches the service type being requested, for - example the "passwd" service type is used when user or group names + example the "passwd" service type is used when user or group names are looked up. This config line species which implementations of that service should be tried and in what order. If the passwd - config line is:</p><p><b>passwd: files example</b></p><p>then the C library will first load a module called - <tt>/lib/libnss_files.so</tt> followed by - the module <tt>/lib/libnss_example.so</tt>. The + config line is:</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>passwd: files example</B +></P +><P +>then the C library will first load a module called + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/libnss_files.so</TT +> followed by + the module <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/libnss_example.so</TT +>. The C library will dynamically load each of these modules in turn and call resolver functions within the modules to try to resolve the request. Once the request is resolved the C library returns the - result to the application.</p><p>This NSS interface provides a very easy way for Winbind + result to the application.</P +><P +>This NSS interface provides a very easy way for Winbind to hook into the operating system. All that needs to be done - is to put <tt>libnss_winbind.so</tt> in <tt>/lib/</tt> - then add "winbind" into <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> at + is to put <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>libnss_winbind.so</TT +> in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/</TT +> + then add "winbind" into <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> at the appropriate place. The C library will then call Winbind to - resolve user and group names.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892176"></a>Pluggable Authentication Modules</h3></div></div><p>Pluggable Authentication Modules, also known as PAM, + resolve user and group names.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2278">15.4.3. Pluggable Authentication Modules</H2 +><P +>Pluggable Authentication Modules, also known as PAM, is a system for abstracting authentication and authorization technologies. With a PAM module it is possible to specify different authentication methods for different system applications without @@ -134,24 +348,46 @@ for implementing a particular policy for authorization. For example, a system administrator may only allow console logins from users stored in the local password file but only allow users resolved from - a NIS database to log in over the network.</p><p>Winbind uses the authentication management and password + a NIS database to log in over the network.</P +><P +>Winbind uses the authentication management and password management PAM interface to integrate Windows NT users into a UNIX system. This allows Windows NT users to log in to a UNIX machine and be authenticated against a suitable Primary Domain Controller. These users can also change their passwords and have this change take effect directly on the Primary Domain Controller. - </p><p>PAM is configured by providing control files in the directory - <tt>/etc/pam.d/</tt> for each of the services that + </P +><P +>PAM is configured by providing control files in the directory + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/</TT +> for each of the services that require authentication. When an authentication request is made by an application the PAM code in the C library looks up this control file to determine what modules to load to do the authentication check and in what order. This interface makes adding a new authentication service for Winbind very easy, all that needs - to be done is that the <tt>pam_winbind.so</tt> module - is copied to <tt>/lib/security/</tt> and the PAM + to be done is that the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_winbind.so</TT +> module + is copied to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/security/</TT +> and the PAM control files for relevant services are updated to allow authentication via winbind. See the PAM documentation - for more details.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892248"></a>User and Group ID Allocation</h3></div></div><p>When a user or group is created under Windows NT + for more details.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2286">15.4.4. User and Group ID Allocation</H2 +><P +>When a user or group is created under Windows NT is it allocated a numerical relative identifier (RID). This is slightly different to UNIX which has a range of numbers that are used to identify users, and the same range in which to identify @@ -162,9 +398,20 @@ resolved for the first time, it is allocated the next UNIX id from the range. The same process applies for Windows NT groups. Over time, winbind will have mapped all Windows NT users and groups - to UNIX user ids and group ids.</p><p>The results of this mapping are stored persistently in + to UNIX user ids and group ids.</P +><P +>The results of this mapping are stored persistently in an ID mapping database held in a tdb database). This ensures that - RIDs are mapped to UNIX IDs in a consistent way.</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892282"></a>Result Caching</h3></div></div><p>An active system can generate a lot of user and group + RIDs are mapped to UNIX IDs in a consistent way.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2290">15.4.5. Result Caching</H2 +><P +>An active system can generate a lot of user and group name lookups. To reduce the network cost of these lookups winbind uses a caching scheme based on the SAM sequence number supplied by NT domain controllers. User or group information returned @@ -175,559 +422,1182 @@ the PDC and compared against the sequence number of the cached entry. If the sequence numbers do not match, then the cached information is discarded and up to date information is requested directly - from the PDC.</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2892310"></a>Installation and Configuration</h2></div></div><p> -Many thanks to John Trostel <a href="mailto:jtrostel@snapserver.com" target="_top">jtrostel@snapserver.com</a> -for providing the HOWTO for this section. -</p><p> -This HOWTO describes how to get winbind services up and running + from the PDC.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2293">15.5. Installation and Configuration</H1 +><P +>Many thanks to John Trostel <A +HREF="mailto:jtrostel@snapserver.com" +TARGET="_top" +>jtrostel@snapserver.com</A +> +for providing the HOWTO for this section.</P +><P +>This HOWTO describes how to get winbind services up and running to control access and authenticate users on your Linux box using -the winbind services which come with SAMBA 3.0. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892338"></a>Introduction</h3></div></div><p> -This HOWTO describes the procedures used to get winbind up and +the winbind services which come with SAMBA 2.2.2.</P +><P +>There is also some Solaris specific information in +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>docs/textdocs/Solaris-Winbind-HOWTO.txt</TT +>. +Future revisions of this document will incorporate that +information.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2300">15.5.1. Introduction</H2 +><P +>This HOWTO describes the procedures used to get winbind up and running on my RedHat 7.1 system. Winbind is capable of providing access and authentication control for Windows Domain users through an NT or Win2K PDC for 'regular' services, such as telnet a nd ftp, as -well for SAMBA services. -</p><p> -This HOWTO has been written from a 'RedHat-centric' perspective, so if +well for SAMBA services.</P +><P +>This HOWTO has been written from a 'RedHat-centric' perspective, so if you are using another distribution, you may have to modify the instructions -somewhat to fit the way your distribution works. -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Why should I to this?</em></span> - </p><p>This allows the SAMBA administrator to rely on the +somewhat to fit the way your distribution works.</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Why should I to this?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +>This allows the SAMBA administrator to rely on the authentication mechanisms on the NT/Win2K PDC for the authentication of domain members. NT/Win2K users no longer need to have separate accounts on the SAMBA server. - </p></li><li><p> - <span class="emphasis"><em>Who should be reading this document?</em></span> - </p><p> - This HOWTO is designed for system administrators. If you are + </P +></LI +><LI +><P +> <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>Who should be reading this document?</I +></SPAN +> + </P +><P +> This HOWTO is designed for system administrators. If you are implementing SAMBA on a file server and wish to (fairly easily) integrate existing NT/Win2K users from your PDC onto the SAMBA server, this HOWTO is for you. That said, I am no NT or PAM expert, so you may find a better or easier way to accomplish these tasks. - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892413"></a>Requirements</h3></div></div><p> -If you have a samba configuration file that you are currently -using... <span class="emphasis"><em>BACK IT UP!</em></span> If your system already uses PAM, -<span class="emphasis"><em>back up the <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> directory -contents!</em></span> If you haven't already made a boot disk, -<span class="emphasis"><em>MAKE ONE NOW!</em></span> -</p><p> -Messing with the pam configuration files can make it nearly impossible + </P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2313">15.5.2. Requirements</H2 +><P +>If you have a samba configuration file that you are currently +using... <SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>BACK IT UP!</I +></SPAN +> If your system already uses PAM, +<SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>back up the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d</TT +> directory +contents!</I +></SPAN +> If you haven't already made a boot disk, +<SPAN +CLASS="emphasis" +><I +CLASS="EMPHASIS" +>MAKE ONE NOW!</I +></SPAN +></P +><P +>Messing with the pam configuration files can make it nearly impossible to log in to yourmachine. That's why you want to be able to boot back into your machine in single user mode and restore your -<tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> back to the original state they were in if -you get frustrated with the way things are going. ;-) -</p><p> -The latest version of SAMBA (version 3.0 as of this writing), now +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d</TT +> back to the original state they were in if +you get frustrated with the way things are going. ;-)</P +><P +>The latest version of SAMBA (version 3.0 as of this writing), now includes a functioning winbindd daemon. Please refer to the -<a href="http://samba.org/" target="_top">main SAMBA web page</a> or, +<A +HREF="http://samba.org/" +TARGET="_top" +>main SAMBA web page</A +> or, better yet, your closest SAMBA mirror site for instructions on -downloading the source code. -</p><p> -To allow Domain users the ability to access SAMBA shares and +downloading the source code.</P +><P +>To allow Domain users the ability to access SAMBA shares and files, as well as potentially other services provided by your SAMBA machine, PAM (pluggable authentication modules) must be setup properly on your machine. In order to compile the winbind modules, you should have at least the pam libraries resident on your system. For recent RedHat systems (7.1, for instance), that -means <tt>pam-0.74-22</tt>. For best results, it is helpful to also -install the development packages in <tt>pam-devel-0.74-22</tt>. -</p></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2892507"></a>Testing Things Out</h3></div></div><p> -Before starting, it is probably best to kill off all the SAMBA -related daemons running on your server. Kill off all <b>smbd</b>, -<b>nmbd</b>, and <b>winbindd</b> processes that may +means <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam-0.74-22</TT +>. For best results, it is helpful to also +install the development packages in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam-devel-0.74-22</TT +>.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT2" +><H2 +CLASS="SECT2" +><A +NAME="AEN2327">15.5.3. Testing Things Out</H2 +><P +>Before starting, it is probably best to kill off all the SAMBA +related daemons running on your server. Kill off all <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>, +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> processes that may be running. To use PAM, you will want to make sure that you have the -standard PAM package (for RedHat) which supplies the <tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> +standard PAM package (for RedHat) which supplies the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d</TT +> directory structure, including the pam modules are used by pam-aware -services, several pam libraries, and the <tt>/usr/doc</tt> -and <tt>/usr/man</tt> entries for pam. Winbind built better +services, several pam libraries, and the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/doc</TT +> +and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/man</TT +> entries for pam. Winbind built better in SAMBA if the pam-devel package was also installed. This package includes the header files needed to compile pam-aware applications. For instance, -my RedHat system has both <tt>pam-0.74-22</tt> and -<tt>pam-devel-0.74-22</tt> RPMs installed. -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2892584"></a>Configure and compile SAMBA</h4></div></div><p> -The configuration and compilation of SAMBA is pretty straightforward. +my RedHat system has both <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam-0.74-22</TT +> and +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam-devel-0.74-22</TT +> RPMs installed.</P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2338">15.5.3.1. Configure and compile SAMBA</H3 +><P +>The configuration and compilation of SAMBA is pretty straightforward. The first three steps may not be necessary depending upon -whether or not you have previously built the Samba binaries. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>autoconf</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make clean</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>rm config.cache</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>./configure</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make</b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make install</b> -</pre><p> -This will, by default, install SAMBA in <tt>/usr/local/samba</tt>. +whether or not you have previously built the Samba binaries.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>autoconf</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make clean</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>rm config.cache</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>./configure --with-winbind</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make install</B +></PRE +></P +><P +>This will, by default, install SAMBA in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba</TT +>. See the main SAMBA documentation if you want to install SAMBA somewhere else. -It will also build the winbindd executable and libraries. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2892705"></a>Configure <tt>nsswitch.conf</tt> and the -winbind libraries on Linux and Solaris</h4></div></div><p> -The libraries needed to run the <b>winbindd</b> daemon -through nsswitch need to be copied to their proper locations, so -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/libnss_winbind.so /lib</b> -</p><p> -I also found it necessary to make the following symbolic link: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>ln -s /lib/libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</b> -</p><p>And, in the case of Sun solaris:</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1</tt></b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.1</tt></b> -<tt>root#</tt> <b><tt>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.2</tt></b> -</p><p> -Now, as root you need to edit <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> to -allow user and group entries to be visible from the <b>winbindd</b> -daemon. My <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file look like -this after editing: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - passwd: files winbind +It will also build the winbindd executable and libraries. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2357">15.5.3.2. Configure <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>nsswitch.conf</TT +> and the +winbind libraries</H3 +><P +>The libraries needed to run the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemon +through nsswitch need to be copied to their proper locations, so</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/libnss_winbind.so /lib</B +></P +><P +>I also found it necessary to make the following symbolic link:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ln -s /lib/libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</B +></P +><P +>And, in the case of Sun solaris:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.1</B +> +<TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.2</B +></P +><P +>Now, as root you need to edit <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> to +allow user and group entries to be visible from the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> +daemon. My <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file look like +this after editing:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +> passwd: files winbind shadow: files - group: files winbind -</pre><p> + group: files winbind</PRE +></P +><P +> The libraries needed by the winbind daemon will be automatically -entered into the <b>ldconfig</b> cache the next time +entered into the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ldconfig</B +> cache the next time your system reboots, but it -is faster (and you don't need to reboot) if you do it manually: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/sbin/ldconfig -v | grep winbind</b> -</p><p> -This makes <tt>libnss_winbind</tt> available to winbindd -and echos back a check to you. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2892910"></a>NSS Winbind on AIX</h4></div></div><p>(This section is only for those running AIX)</p><p> -The winbind AIX identification module gets built as libnss_winbind.so in the -nsswitch directory of the samba source. This file can be copied to -/usr/lib/security, and the AIX naming convention would indicate that it -should be named WINBIND. A stanza like the following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -WINBIND: - program = /usr/lib/security/WINBIND - options = authonly -</pre><p>can then be added to -<tt>/usr/lib/security/methods.cfg</tt>. This module only -supports identification, but there have been success reports using the -standard winbind pam module for authentication. Use caution configuring -loadable authentication modules as it is possible to make it impossible -to logon to the system. More information about the AIX authentication -module API can be found at "Kernel Extensions and Device Support -Programming Concepts for AIX": <a href=""> -Chapter 18. Loadable Authentication Module Programming Interface</a> -and more information on administering the modules at <a href=""> -"System Management Guide: Operating System and Devices"</a>. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2892983"></a>Configure smb.conf</h4></div></div><p> -Several parameters are needed in the smb.conf file to control -the behavior of <b>winbindd</b>. Configure -<tt>smb.conf</tt> These are described in more detail in -the <a href="winbindd.8.html">winbindd(8)</a> man page. My -<tt>smb.conf</tt> file was modified to -include the following entries in the [global] section: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] - <...> +is faster (and you don't need to reboot) if you do it manually:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/sbin/ldconfig -v | grep winbind</B +></P +><P +>This makes <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>libnss_winbind</TT +> available to winbindd +and echos back a check to you.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2390">15.5.3.3. Configure smb.conf</H3 +><P +>Several parameters are needed in the smb.conf file to control +the behavior of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +>. Configure +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> These are described in more detail in +the <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html" +TARGET="_top" +>winbindd(8)</A +> man page. My +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file was modified to +include the following entries in the [global] section:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] + <...> # separate domain and username with '+', like DOMAIN+username - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDSEPARATOR" target="_top">winbind separator</a> = + + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDSEPARATOR" +TARGET="_top" +>winbind separator</A +> = + # use uids from 10000 to 20000 for domain users - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDUID" target="_top">winbind uid</a> = 10000-20000 + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDUID" +TARGET="_top" +>winbind uid</A +> = 10000-20000 # use gids from 10000 to 20000 for domain groups - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDGID" target="_top">winbind gid</a> = 10000-20000 + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDGID" +TARGET="_top" +>winbind gid</A +> = 10000-20000 # allow enumeration of winbind users and groups - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMUSERS" target="_top">winbind enum users</a> = yes - <a href="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMGROUP" target="_top">winbind enum groups</a> = yes + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMUSERS" +TARGET="_top" +>winbind enum users</A +> = yes + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#WINBINDENUMGROUP" +TARGET="_top" +>winbind enum groups</A +> = yes # give winbind users a real shell (only needed if they have telnet access) - <a href="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" target="_top">template homedir</a> = /home/winnt/%D/%U - <a href="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATESHELL" target="_top">template shell</a> = /bin/bash -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2893098"></a>Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain</h4></div></div><p> -Enter the following command to make the SAMBA server join the -PDC domain, where <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> is the name of -your Windows domain and <i><tt>Administrator</tt></i> is -a domain user who has administrative privileges in the domain. -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/net join -S PDC -U Administrator</b> -</p><p> -The proper response to the command should be: "Joined the domain -<i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i>" where <i><tt>DOMAIN</tt></i> -is your DOMAIN name. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2893155"></a>Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</h4></div></div><p> -Eventually, you will want to modify your smb startup script to + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" +TARGET="_top" +>template homedir</A +> = /home/winnt/%D/%U + <A +HREF="winbindd.8.html#TEMPLATESHELL" +TARGET="_top" +>template shell</A +> = /bin/bash</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2406">15.5.3.4. Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain</H3 +><P +>Enter the following command to make the SAMBA server join the +PDC domain, where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>DOMAIN</I +></TT +> is the name of +your Windows domain and <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>Administrator</I +></TT +> is +a domain user who has administrative privileges in the domain.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/net rpc join -S PDC -U Administrator</B +></P +><P +>The proper response to the command should be: "Joined the domain +<TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>DOMAIN</I +></TT +>" where <TT +CLASS="REPLACEABLE" +><I +>DOMAIN</I +></TT +> +is your DOMAIN name.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2417">15.5.3.5. Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!</H3 +><P +>Eventually, you will want to modify your smb startup script to automatically invoke the winbindd daemon when the other parts of SAMBA start, but it is possible to test out just the winbind portion first. To start up winbind services, enter the following -command as root: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd</b> -</p><p> -Winbindd can now also run in 'dual daemon mode'. This will make it -run as 2 processes. The first will answer all requests from the cache, -thus making responses to clients faster. The other will -update the cache for the query that the first has just responded. -Advantage of this is that responses stay accurate and are faster. -You can enable dual daemon mode by adding '-B' to the commandline: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B</b> -</p><p> -I'm always paranoid and like to make sure the daemon -is really running... -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>ps -ae | grep winbindd</b> -</p><p> -This command should produce output like this, if the daemon is running -</p><p> -3025 ? 00:00:00 winbindd -</p><p> -Now... for the real test, try to get some information about the -users on your PDC -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -u</b> -</p><p> +command as root:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd</B +></P +><P +>I'm always paranoid and like to make sure the daemon +is really running...</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>ps -ae | grep winbindd</B +></P +><P +>This command should produce output like this, if the daemon is running</P +><P +>3025 ? 00:00:00 winbindd</P +><P +>Now... for the real test, try to get some information about the +users on your PDC</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -u</B +></P +><P +> This should echo back a list of users on your Windows users on -your PDC. For example, I get the following response: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - CEO+Administrator - CEO+burdell - CEO+Guest - CEO+jt-ad - CEO+krbtgt - CEO+TsInternetUser -</pre><p> -Obviously, I have named my domain 'CEO' and my <i><tt>winbind -separator</tt></i> is '+'. -</p><p> -You can do the same sort of thing to get group information from -the PDC: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -g</b> - CEO+Domain Admins - CEO+Domain Users - CEO+Domain Guests - CEO+Domain Computers - CEO+Domain Controllers - CEO+Cert Publishers - CEO+Schema Admins - CEO+Enterprise Admins - CEO+Group Policy Creator Owners -</pre><p> -The function 'getent' can now be used to get unified +your PDC. For example, I get the following response:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>CEO+Administrator +CEO+burdell +CEO+Guest +CEO+jt-ad +CEO+krbtgt +CEO+TsInternetUser</PRE +></P +><P +>Obviously, I have named my domain 'CEO' and my <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind +separator</I +></TT +> is '+'.</P +><P +>You can do the same sort of thing to get group information from +the PDC:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>/usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -g</B +> +CEO+Domain Admins +CEO+Domain Users +CEO+Domain Guests +CEO+Domain Computers +CEO+Domain Controllers +CEO+Cert Publishers +CEO+Schema Admins +CEO+Enterprise Admins +CEO+Group Policy Creator Owners</PRE +></P +><P +>The function 'getent' can now be used to get unified lists of both local and PDC users and groups. -Try the following command: -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>getent passwd</b> -</p><p> -You should get a list that looks like your <tt>/etc/passwd</tt> +Try the following command:</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getent passwd</B +></P +><P +>You should get a list that looks like your <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd</TT +> list followed by the domain users with their new uids, gids, home -directories and default shells. -</p><p> -The same thing can be done for groups with the command -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>getent group</b> -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2893399"></a>Fix the init.d startup scripts</h4></div></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2893407"></a>Linux</h5></div></div><p> -The <b>winbindd</b> daemon needs to start up after the -<b>smbd</b> and <b>nmbd</b> daemons are running. -To accomplish this task, you need to modify the startup scripts of your system. -They are located at <tt>/etc/init.d/smb</tt> in RedHat and -<tt>/etc/init.d/samba</tt> in Debian. +directories and default shells.</P +><P +>The same thing can be done for groups with the command</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getent group</B +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2453">15.5.3.6. Fix the init.d startup scripts</H3 +><DIV +CLASS="SECT4" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT4" +><A +NAME="AEN2455">15.5.3.6.1. Linux</H4 +><P +>The <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemon needs to start up after the +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> daemons are running. +To accomplish this task, you need to modify the startup scripts of your system. They are located at <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/init.d/smb</TT +> in RedHat and +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/init.d/samba</TT +> in Debian. script to add commands to invoke this daemon in the proper sequence. My -startup script starts up <b>smbd</b>, -<b>nmbd</b>, and <b>winbindd</b> from the -<tt>/usr/local/samba/bin</tt> directory directly. The 'start' -function in the script looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -start() { - KIND="SMB" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " +startup script starts up <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>, +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>, and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> from the +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/bin</TT +> directory directly. The 'start' +function in the script looks like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>start() { + KIND="SMB" + echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd $SMBDOPTIONS RETVAL=$? echo - KIND="NMB" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " + KIND="NMB" + echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd $NMBDOPTIONS RETVAL2=$? echo - KIND="Winbind" - echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " + KIND="Winbind" + echo -n $"Starting $KIND services: " daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd RETVAL3=$? echo - [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && \ - touch /var/lock/subsys/smb || RETVAL=1 + [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/smb || \ + RETVAL=1 return $RETVAL -} -</pre><p>If you would like to run winbindd in dual daemon mode, replace -the line -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -</pre><p> - -in the example above with: - -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - daemon /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B -</pre><p>. -</p><p> -The 'stop' function has a corresponding entry to shut down the -services and looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -stop() { - KIND="SMB" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " +}</PRE +></P +><P +>The 'stop' function has a corresponding entry to shut down the +services and look s like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>stop() { + KIND="SMB" + echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " killproc smbd RETVAL=$? echo - KIND="NMB" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " + KIND="NMB" + echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " killproc nmbd RETVAL2=$? echo - KIND="Winbind" - echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " + KIND="Winbind" + echo -n $"Shutting down $KIND services: " killproc winbindd RETVAL3=$? - [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && \ - rm -f /var/lock/subsys/smb - echo "" + [ $RETVAL -eq 0 -a $RETVAL2 -eq 0 -a $RETVAL3 -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/smb + echo "" return $RETVAL -} -</pre></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2893544"></a>Solaris</h5></div></div><p>Winbind doesn't work on solaris 9, see the <a href="Portability.html#winbind-solaris9" title="Winbind on Solaris 9">Portability</a> chapter for details.</p><p>On solaris, you need to modify the -<tt>/etc/init.d/samba.server</tt> startup script. It usually +}</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT4" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT4" +><A +NAME="AEN2472">15.5.3.6.2. Solaris</H4 +><P +>On solaris, you need to modify the +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/init.d/samba.server</TT +> startup script. It usually only starts smbd and nmbd but should now start winbindd too. If you -have samba installed in <tt>/usr/local/samba/bin</tt>, -the file could contains something like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - ## - ## samba.server - ## - - if [ ! -d /usr/bin ] - then # /usr not mounted - exit - fi +have samba installed in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/bin</TT +>, +the file could contains something like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>## +## samba.server +## - killproc() { # kill the named process(es) - pid=`/usr/bin/ps -e | - /usr/bin/grep -w $1 | - /usr/bin/sed -e 's/^ *//' -e 's/ .*//'` - [ "$pid" != "" ] && kill $pid - } - - # Start/stop processes required for samba server +if [ ! -d /usr/bin ] +then # /usr not mounted + exit +fi - case "$1" in - - 'start') - # - # Edit these lines to suit your installation (paths, workgroup, host) - # - echo Starting SMBD - /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D -s \ - /usr/local/samba/smb.conf +killproc() { # kill the named process(es) + pid=`/usr/bin/ps -e | + /usr/bin/grep -w $1 | + /usr/bin/sed -e 's/^ *//' -e 's/ .*//'` + [ "$pid" != "" ] && kill $pid +} + +# Start/stop processes required for samba server - echo Starting NMBD - /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D -l \ - /usr/local/samba/var/log -s /usr/local/samba/smb.conf +case "$1" in - echo Starting Winbind Daemon - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd - ;; +'start') +# +# Edit these lines to suit your installation (paths, workgroup, host) +# +echo Starting SMBD + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D -s \ + /usr/local/samba/smb.conf - 'stop') - killproc nmbd - killproc smbd - killproc winbindd - ;; +echo Starting NMBD + /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D -l \ + /usr/local/samba/var/log -s /usr/local/samba/smb.conf - *) - echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/samba.server { start | stop }" - ;; - esac -</pre><p> -Again, if you would like to run samba in dual daemon mode, replace -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -</pre><p> +echo Starting Winbind Daemon + /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd + ;; -in the script above with: +'stop') + killproc nmbd + killproc smbd + killproc winbindd + ;; -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd -B -</pre><p> -</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2893644"></a>Restarting</h5></div></div><p> -If you restart the <b>smbd</b>, <b>nmbd</b>, -and <b>winbindd</b> daemons at this point, you +*) + echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/samba.server { start | stop }" + ;; +esac</PRE +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT4" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT4" +><A +NAME="AEN2479">15.5.3.6.3. Restarting</H4 +><P +>If you restart the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbd</B +>, <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +>, +and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemons at this point, you should be able to connect to the samba server as a domain member just as -if you were a local user. -</p></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2893681"></a>Configure Winbind and PAM</h4></div></div><p> -If you have made it this far, you know that winbindd and samba are working +if you were a local user.</P +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT3" +><H3 +CLASS="SECT3" +><A +NAME="AEN2485">15.5.3.7. Configure Winbind and PAM</H3 +><P +>If you have made it this far, you know that winbindd and samba are working together. If you want to use winbind to provide authentication for other services, keep reading. The pam configuration files need to be altered in this step. (Did you remember to make backups of your original -<tt>/etc/pam.d</tt> files? If not, do it now.) -</p><p> -You will need a pam module to use winbindd with these other services. This -module will be compiled in the <tt>../source/nsswitch</tt> directory -by invoking the command -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>make nsswitch/pam_winbind.so</b> -</p><p> -from the <tt>../source</tt> directory. The -<tt>pam_winbind.so</tt> file should be copied to the location of +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d</TT +> files? If not, do it now.)</P +><P +>You will need a pam module to use winbindd with these other services. This +module will be compiled in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>../source/nsswitch</TT +> directory +by invoking the command</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>make nsswitch/pam_winbind.so</B +></P +><P +>from the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>../source</TT +> directory. The +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_winbind.so</TT +> file should be copied to the location of your other pam security modules. On my RedHat system, this was the -<tt>/lib/security</tt> directory. On Solaris, the pam security -modules reside in <tt>/usr/lib/security</tt>. -</p><p> -<tt>root#</tt> <b>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security</b> -</p><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2893790"></a>Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</h5></div></div><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/samba</tt> file does not need to be changed. I -just left this fileas it was: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth -</pre><p> -The other services that I modified to allow the use of winbind +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/security</TT +> directory. On Solaris, the pam security +modules reside in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/lib/security</TT +>.</P +><P +><TT +CLASS="PROMPT" +>root#</TT +> <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security</B +></P +><DIV +CLASS="SECT4" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT4" +><A +NAME="AEN2502">15.5.3.7.1. Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration</H4 +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/samba</TT +> file does not need to be changed. I +just left this fileas it was:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth</PRE +></P +><P +>The other services that I modified to allow the use of winbind as an authentication service were the normal login on the console (or a terminal session), telnet logins, and ftp service. In order to enable these services, you may first need to change the entries in -<tt>/etc/xinetd.d</tt> (or <tt>/etc/inetd.conf</tt>). +<TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/xinetd.d</TT +> (or <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/inetd.conf</TT +>). RedHat 7.1 uses the new xinetd.d structure, in this case you need -to change the lines in <tt>/etc/xinetd.d/telnet</tt> -and <tt>/etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftp</tt> from -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - enable = no -</pre><p> -to -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - enable = yes -</pre><p> +to change the lines in <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/xinetd.d/telnet</TT +> +and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/xinetd.d/wu-ftp</TT +> from </P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>enable = no</PRE +></P +><P +>to</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>enable = yes</PRE +></P +><P +> For ftp services to work properly, you will also need to either have individual directories for the domain users already present on the server, or change the home directory template to a general directory for all domain users. These can be easily set using -the <tt>smb.conf</tt> global entry -<b>template homedir</b>. -</p><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/ftp</tt> file can be changed +the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> global entry +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>template homedir</B +>.</P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/ftp</TT +> file can be changed to allow winbind ftp access in a manner similar to the -samba file. My <tt>/etc/pam.d/ftp</tt> file was -changed to look like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny \ - file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - auth required /lib/security/pam_shells.so - account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth -</pre><p> -The <tt>/etc/pam.d/login</tt> file can be changed nearly the -same way. It now looks like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass - auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - auth required /lib/security/pam_nologin.so - account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - password required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth - session optional /lib/security/pam_console.so -</pre><p> -In this case, I added the <b>auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so</b> -lines as before, but also added the <b>required pam_securetty.so</b> +samba file. My <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/ftp</TT +> file was +changed to look like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>auth required /lib/security/pam_listfile.so item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers onerr=succeed +auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so +auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +auth required /lib/security/pam_shells.so +account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so +account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth</PRE +></P +><P +>The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/login</TT +> file can be changed nearly the +same way. It now looks like this:</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so +auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so +auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass +auth required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +auth required /lib/security/pam_nologin.so +account sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so +account required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +password required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +session required /lib/security/pam_stack.so service=system-auth +session optional /lib/security/pam_console.so</PRE +></P +><P +>In this case, I added the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so</B +> +lines as before, but also added the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>required pam_securetty.so</B +> above it, to disallow root logins over the network. I also added a -<b>sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass</b> -line after the <b>winbind.so</b> line to get rid of annoying -double prompts for passwords. -</p></div><div class="sect4" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h5 class="title"><a name="id2894014"></a>Solaris-specific configuration</h5></div></div><p> -The /etc/pam.conf needs to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain +<B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>sufficient /lib/security/pam_unix.so use_first_pass</B +> +line after the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbind.so</B +> line to get rid of annoying +double prompts for passwords.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT4" +><H4 +CLASS="SECT4" +><A +NAME="AEN2535">15.5.3.7.2. Solaris-specific configuration</H4 +><P +>The /etc/pam.conf needs to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain users can logon both locally as well as telnet.The following are the changes that I made.You can customize the pam.conf file as per your requirements,but be sure of those changes because in the worst case it will leave your system -nearly impossible to boot. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> - # - #ident "@(#)pam.conf 1.14 99/09/16 SMI" - # - # Copyright (c) 1996-1999, Sun Microsystems, Inc. - # All Rights Reserved. - # - # PAM configuration - # - # Authentication management - # - login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_dial_auth.so.1 try_first_pass - # - rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 - rlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - dtlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - dtlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - rsh auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 - other auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass - # - # Account management - # - login account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - login account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - login account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - dtlogin account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - dtlogin account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - dtlogin account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - other account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 - other account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Session management - # - other session required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Password management - # - #other password sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so - other password required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - dtsession auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 - # - # Support for Kerberos V5 authentication (uncomment to use Kerberos) - # - #rlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #login auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #dtlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #other auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass - #dtlogin account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other session optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 - #other password optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass -</pre><p> -I also added a try_first_pass line after the winbind.so line to get rid of -annoying double prompts for passwords. -</p><p> -Now restart your Samba and try connecting through your application that you -configured in the pam.conf. -</p></div></div></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2894106"></a>Limitations</h2></div></div><p>Winbind has a number of limitations in its current +nearly impossible to boot.</P +><P +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +># +#ident "@(#)pam.conf 1.14 99/09/16 SMI" +# +# Copyright (c) 1996-1999, Sun Microsystems, Inc. +# All Rights Reserved. +# +# PAM configuration +# +# Authentication management +# +login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_dial_auth.so.1 try_first_pass +# +rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 +rlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +dtlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +dtlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +rsh auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 +other auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +# Account management +# +login account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +login account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +login account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +dtlogin account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +dtlogin account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +dtlogin account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +other account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +other account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Session management +# +other session required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Password management +# +#other password sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other password required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +dtsession auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Support for Kerberos V5 authentication (uncomment to use Kerberos) +# +#rlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#login auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#dtlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#other auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#dtlogin account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other session optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other password optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass</PRE +></P +><P +>I also added a try_first_pass line after the winbind.so line to get rid of +annoying double prompts for passwords.</P +><P +>Now restart your Samba & try connecting through your application that you +configured in the pam.conf.</P +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2542">15.6. Limitations</H1 +><P +>Winbind has a number of limitations in its current released version that we hope to overcome in future - releases:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Winbind is currently only available for - the Linux, Solaris and IRIX operating systems, although ports to other operating + releases:</P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +>Winbind is currently only available for + the Linux operating system, although ports to other operating systems are certainly possible. For such ports to be feasible, we require the C library of the target operating system to support the Name Service Switch and Pluggable Authentication Modules systems. This is becoming more common as NSS and - PAM gain support among UNIX vendors.</p></li><li><p>The mappings of Windows NT RIDs to UNIX ids + PAM gain support among UNIX vendors.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>The mappings of Windows NT RIDs to UNIX ids is not made algorithmically and depends on the order in which unmapped users or groups are seen by winbind. It may be difficult to recover the mappings of rid to UNIX id mapping if the file - containing this information is corrupted or destroyed.</p></li><li><p>Currently the winbind PAM module does not take + containing this information is corrupted or destroyed.</P +></LI +><LI +><P +>Currently the winbind PAM module does not take into account possible workstation and logon time restrictions - that may be been set for Windows NT users, this is - instead up to the PDC to enforce.</p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2894160"></a>Conclusion</h2></div></div><p>The winbind system, through the use of the Name Service + that may be been set for Windows NT users.</P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="SECT1" +><H1 +CLASS="SECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN2552">15.7. Conclusion</H1 +><P +>The winbind system, through the use of the Name Service Switch, Pluggable Authentication Modules, and appropriate Microsoft RPC calls have allowed us to provide seamless integration of Microsoft Windows NT domain users on a UNIX system. The result is a great reduction in the administrative - cost of running a mixed UNIX and NT network.</p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="CUPS-printing.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="optional.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="AdvancedNetworkManagement.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 14. CUPS Printing Support </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 16. 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\ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/winbindd.8.html b/docs/htmldocs/winbindd.8.html index b1260df500..fb8c9c0458 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/winbindd.8.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/winbindd.8.html @@ -1,153 +1,644 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>winbindd</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.59.1"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="refentry" lang="en"><a name="winbindd.8"></a><div class="titlepage"></div><div class="refnamediv"><h2>Name</h2><p>winbindd — Name Service Switch daemon for resolving names - from NT servers</p></div><div class="refsynopsisdiv"><h2>Synopsis</h2><div class="cmdsynopsis"><p><tt>winbindd</tt> [-F] [-S] [-i] [-B] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>] [-n]</p></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>DESCRIPTION</h2><p>This program is part of the <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a> suite.</p><p><b>winbindd</b> is a daemon that provides +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"> +<HTML +><HEAD +><TITLE +>winbindd</TITLE +><META +NAME="GENERATOR" +CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.76b+ +"></HEAD +><BODY +CLASS="REFENTRY" +BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" +TEXT="#000000" +LINK="#0000FF" +VLINK="#840084" +ALINK="#0000FF" +><H1 +><A +NAME="WINBINDD">winbindd</H1 +><DIV +CLASS="REFNAMEDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN5" +></A +><H2 +>Name</H2 +>winbindd -- Name Service Switch daemon for resolving names + from NT servers</DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSYNOPSISDIV" +><A +NAME="AEN8"><H2 +>Synopsis</H2 +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> [-F] [-S] [-i] [-B] [-d <debug level>] [-s <smb config file>] [-n]</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN18" +></A +><H2 +>DESCRIPTION</H2 +><P +>This program is part of the <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +> Samba</A +> suite.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> is a daemon that provides a service for the Name Service Switch capability that is present in most modern C libraries. The Name Service Switch allows user and system information to be obtained from different databases services such as NIS or DNS. The exact behaviour can be configured - throught the <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file. + throught the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file. Users and groups are allocated as they are resolved to a range of user and group ids specified by the administrator of the - Samba system.</p><p>The service provided by <b>winbindd</b> is called `winbind' and + Samba system.</P +><P +>The service provided by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> is called `winbind' and can be used to resolve user and group information from a Windows NT server. The service can also provide authentication - services via an associated PAM module. </p><p> - The <tt>pam_winbind</tt> module in the 2.2.2 release only - supports the <i><tt>auth</tt></i> and <i><tt>account</tt></i> + services via an associated PAM module. </P +><P +> The <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_winbind</TT +> module in the 2.2.2 release only + supports the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>auth</I +></TT +> and <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>account</I +></TT +> module-types. The latter simply performs a getpwnam() to verify that the system can obtain a uid for the - user. If the <tt>libnss_winbind</tt> library has been correctly + user. If the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>libnss_winbind</TT +> library has been correctly installed, this should always succeed. - </p><p>The following nsswitch databases are implemented by - the winbindd service: </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">hosts</span></dt><dd><p>User information traditionally stored in - the <tt>hosts(5)</tt> file and used by - <b>gethostbyname(3)</b> functions. Names are + </P +><P +>The following nsswitch databases are implemented by + the winbindd service: </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>hosts</DT +><DD +><P +>User information traditionally stored in + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>hosts(5)</TT +> file and used by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>gethostbyname(3)</B +> functions. Names are resolved through the WINS server or by broadcast. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">passwd</span></dt><dd><p>User information traditionally stored in - the <tt>passwd(5)</tt> file and used by - <b>getpwent(3)</b> functions. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">group</span></dt><dd><p>Group information traditionally stored in - the <tt>group(5)</tt> file and used by - <b>getgrent(3)</b> functions. </p></dd></dl></div><p>For example, the following simple configuration in the - <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file can be used to initially - resolve user and group information from <tt>/etc/passwd - </tt> and <tt>/etc/group</tt> and then from the - Windows NT server. -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -passwd: files winbind + </P +></DD +><DT +>passwd</DT +><DD +><P +>User information traditionally stored in + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>passwd(5)</TT +> file and used by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getpwent(3)</B +> functions. </P +></DD +><DT +>group</DT +><DD +><P +>Group information traditionally stored in + the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>group(5)</TT +> file and used by + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getgrent(3)</B +> functions. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +><P +>For example, the following simple configuration in the + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file can be used to initially + resolve user and group information from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/passwd + </TT +> and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/group</TT +> and then from the + Windows NT server. </P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>passwd: files winbind group: files winbind -</pre><p>The following simple configuration in the - <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> file can be used to initially - resolve hostnames from <tt>/etc/hosts</tt> and then from the - WINS server.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>OPTIONS</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">-F</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - the main <b>winbindd</b> process to not daemonize, + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>The following simple configuration in the + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> file can be used to initially + resolve hostnames from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/hosts</TT +> and then from the + WINS server.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN61" +></A +><H2 +>OPTIONS</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>-F</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + the main <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> process to not daemonize, i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. Child processes are still created as normal to service each connection request, but the main process does not exit. This operation mode is suitable for running - <b>winbindd</b> under process supervisors such - as <b>supervise</b> and <b>svscan</b> - from Daniel J. Bernstein's <b>daemontools</b> + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> under process supervisors such + as <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>supervise</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>svscan</B +> + from Daniel J. Bernstein's <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>daemontools</B +> package, or the AIX process monitor. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-S</span></dt><dd><p>If specified, this parameter causes - <b>winbindd</b> to log to standard output rather - than a file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-V</span></dt><dd><p>Prints the version number for -<b>smbd</b>.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-s <configuration file></span></dt><dd><p>The file specified contains the -configuration details required by the server. The -information in this file includes server-specific -information such as what printcap file to use, as well -as descriptions of all the services that the server is -to provide. See <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"><tt> -smb.conf(5)</tt></a> for more information. -The default configuration file name is determined at -compile time.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-d|--debug=debuglevel</span></dt><dd><p><i><tt>debuglevel</tt></i> is an integer -from 0 to 10. The default value if this parameter is -not specified is zero.</p><p>The higher this value, the more detail will be -logged to the log files about the activities of the -server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious -warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for -day to day running - it generates a small amount of -information about operations carried out.</p><p>Levels above 1 will generate considerable -amounts of log data, and should only be used when -investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for -use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log -data, most of which is extremely cryptic.</p><p>Note that specifying this parameter here will -override the <a href="smb.conf.5.html#loglevel" target="_top">log -level</a> parameter in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html" target="_top"> -<tt>smb.conf(5)</tt></a> file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-l|--logfile=logbasename</span></dt><dd><p>File name for log/debug files. The extension -<tt>".client"</tt> will be appended. The log file is -never removed by the client. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-h|--help</span></dt><dd><p>Print a summary of command line options. -</p></dd><dt><span class="term">-i</span></dt><dd><p>Tells <b>winbindd</b> to not + </P +></DD +><DT +>-S</DT +><DD +><P +>If specified, this parameter causes + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> to log to standard output rather + than a file.</P +></DD +><DT +>-d debuglevel</DT +><DD +><P +>Sets the debuglevel to an integer between + 0 and 100. 0 is for no debugging and 100 is for reams and + reams. To submit a bug report to the Samba Team, use debug + level 100 (see BUGS.txt). </P +></DD +><DT +>-i</DT +><DD +><P +>Tells <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> to not become a daemon and detach from the current terminal. This option is used by developers when interactive debugging - of <b>winbindd</b> is required. - <b>winbindd</b> also logs to standard output, - as if the <b>-S</b> parameter had been given. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-n</span></dt><dd><p>Disable caching. This means winbindd will + of <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> is required. + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> also logs to standard output, + as if the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>-S</B +> parameter had been given. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-n</DT +><DD +><P +>Disable caching. This means winbindd will always have to wait for a response from the domain controller before it can respond to a client and this thus makes things slower. The results will however be more accurate, since results from the cache might not be up-to-date. This might also temporarily hang winbindd if the DC doesn't respond. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">-B</span></dt><dd><p>Dual daemon mode. This means winbindd will run + </P +></DD +><DT +>-B</DT +><DD +><P +>Dual daemon mode. This means winbindd will run as 2 threads. The first will answer all requests from the cache, thus making responses to clients faster. The other will update the cache for the query that the first has just responded. - Advantage of this is that responses stay accurate and are faster. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>NAME AND ID RESOLUTION</h2><p>Users and groups on a Windows NT server are assigned + Advantage of this is that responses are accurate and fast. + </P +></DD +><DT +>-s|--conf=smb.conf</DT +><DD +><P +>Specifies the location of the all-important + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> file. </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN103" +></A +><H2 +>NAME AND ID RESOLUTION</H2 +><P +>Users and groups on a Windows NT server are assigned a relative id (rid) which is unique for the domain when the user or group is created. To convert the Windows NT user or group into a unix user or group, a mapping between rids and unix user - and group ids is required. This is one of the jobs that <b> - winbindd</b> performs. </p><p>As winbindd users and groups are resolved from a server, user + and group ids is required. This is one of the jobs that <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd</B +> performs. </P +><P +>As winbindd users and groups are resolved from a server, user and group ids are allocated from a specified range. This is done on a first come, first served basis, although all existing users and groups will be mapped as soon as a client performs a user or group enumeration command. The allocated unix ids are stored in a database file under the Samba lock directory and will be - remembered. </p><p>WARNING: The rid to unix id database is the only location + remembered. </P +><P +>WARNING: The rid to unix id database is the only location where the user and group mappings are stored by winbindd. If this file is deleted or corrupted, there is no way for winbindd to determine which user and group ids correspond to Windows NT user - and group rids. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>CONFIGURATION</h2><p>Configuration of the <b>winbindd</b> daemon - is done through configuration parameters in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file. All parameters should be specified in the - [global] section of smb.conf. </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDSEPARATOR" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind separator</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDUID" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind uid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDGID" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind gid</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDCACHETIME" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind cache time</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDENUMUSERS" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind enum users</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDENUMGROUPS" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind enum groups</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" target="_top"> - <i><tt>template homedir</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#TEMPLATESHELL" target="_top"> - <i><tt>template shell</tt></i></a></p></li><li><p><a href="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDUSEDEFAULTDOMAIN" target="_top"> - <i><tt>winbind use default domain</tt></i></a></p></li></ul></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>EXAMPLE SETUP</h2><p>To setup winbindd for user and group lookups plus + and group rids. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN109" +></A +><H2 +>CONFIGURATION</H2 +><P +>Configuration of the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemon + is done through configuration parameters in the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5) + </TT +> file. All parameters should be specified in the + [global] section of smb.conf. </P +><P +></P +><UL +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDSEPARATOR" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind separator</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDUID" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind uid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDGID" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind gid</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDCACHETIME" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind cache time</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDENUMUSERS" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum users</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDENUMGROUPS" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind enum groups</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#TEMPLATEHOMEDIR" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>template homedir</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#TEMPLATESHELL" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>template shell</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +><LI +><P +><A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WINBINDUSEDEFAULTDOMAIN" +TARGET="_top" +> <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>winbind use default domain</I +></TT +></A +></P +></LI +></UL +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN151" +></A +><H2 +>EXAMPLE SETUP</H2 +><P +>To setup winbindd for user and group lookups plus authentication from a domain controller use something like the - following setup. This was tested on a RedHat 6.2 Linux box. </p><p>In <tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf</tt> put the - following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -passwd: files winbind + following setup. This was tested on a RedHat 6.2 Linux box. </P +><P +>In <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf</TT +> put the + following:</P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>passwd: files winbind group: files winbind -</pre><p>In <tt>/etc/pam.d/*</tt> replace the <i><tt> - auth</tt></i> lines with something like this: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>In <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/pam.d/*</TT +> replace the + <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>auth</I +></TT +> lines with something like this: </P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so auth required /lib/security/pam_nologin.so auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so auth required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so use_first_pass shadow nullok -</pre><p>Note in particular the use of the <i><tt>sufficient - </tt></i> keyword and the <i><tt>use_first_pass</tt></i> keyword. </p><p>Now replace the account lines with this: </p><p><b>account required /lib/security/pam_winbind.so - </b></p><p>The next step is to join the domain. To do that use the - <b>net</b> program like this: </p><p><b>net join -S PDC -U Administrator</b></p><p>The username after the <i><tt>-U</tt></i> can be any + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>Note in particular the use of the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>sufficient</I +></TT +> + keyword and the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>use_first_pass</I +></TT +> keyword. </P +><P +>Now replace the account lines with this: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>account required /lib/security/pam_winbind.so + </B +></P +><P +>The next step is to join the domain. To do that use the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd</B +> program like this: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>smbpasswd -j DOMAIN -r PDC -U + Administrator</B +></P +><P +>The username after the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>-U</I +></TT +> can be any Domain user that has administrator privileges on the machine. - Substitute the name or IP of your PDC for "PDC".</p><p>Next copy <tt>libnss_winbind.so</tt> to - <tt>/lib</tt> and <tt>pam_winbind.so - </tt> to <tt>/lib/security</tt>. A symbolic link needs to be - made from <tt>/lib/libnss_winbind.so</tt> to - <tt>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</tt>. If you are using an + Substitute your domain name for "DOMAIN" and the name of your PDC + for "PDC".</P +><P +>Next copy <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>libnss_winbind.so</TT +> to + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib</TT +> and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>pam_winbind.so</TT +> + to <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/security</TT +>. A symbolic link needs to be + made from <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/libnss_winbind.so</TT +> to + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.2</TT +>. If you are using an older version of glibc then the target of the link should be - <tt>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1</tt>.</p><p>Finally, setup a <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> containing directives like the - following: -</p><pre class="programlisting"> -[global] + <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1</TT +>.</P +><P +>Finally, setup a <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf</TT +> containing directives like the + following: </P +><P +><TABLE +BORDER="0" +BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" +WIDTH="100%" +><TR +><TD +><PRE +CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" +>[global] winbind separator = + winbind cache time = 10 template shell = /bin/bash @@ -157,58 +648,274 @@ auth required /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so use_first_pass shadow nullok workgroup = DOMAIN security = domain password server = * -</pre><p>Now start winbindd and you should find that your user and + </PRE +></TD +></TR +></TABLE +></P +><P +>Now start winbindd and you should find that your user and group database is expanded to include your NT users and groups, and that you can login to your unix box as a domain user, using the DOMAIN+user syntax for the username. You may wish to use the - commands <b>getent passwd</b> and <b>getent group - </b> to confirm the correct operation of winbindd.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>NOTES</h2><p>The following notes are useful when configuring and - running <b>winbindd</b>: </p><p><a href="nmbd.8.html">nmbd(8)</a> must be running on the local machine - for <b>winbindd</b> to work. <b>winbindd</b> queries - the list of trusted domains for the Windows NT server - on startup and when a SIGHUP is received. Thus, for a running <b> - winbindd</b> to become aware of new trust relationships between - servers, it must be sent a SIGHUP signal. </p><p>PAM is really easy to misconfigure. Make sure you know what + commands <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getent passwd</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>getent group + </B +> to confirm the correct operation of winbindd.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN190" +></A +><H2 +>NOTES</H2 +><P +>The following notes are useful when configuring and + running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +>: </P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>nmbd</B +> must be running on the local machine + for <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> to work. <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> + queries the list of trusted domains for the Windows NT server + on startup and when a SIGHUP is received. Thus, for a running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd</B +> to become aware of new trust relationships between + servers, it must be sent a SIGHUP signal. </P +><P +>Client processes resolving names through the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> + nsswitch module read an environment variable named <TT +CLASS="ENVAR" +> $WINBINDD_DOMAIN</TT +>. If this variable contains a comma separated + list of Windows NT domain names, then winbindd will only resolve users + and groups within those Windows NT domains. </P +><P +>PAM is really easy to misconfigure. Make sure you know what you are doing when modifying PAM configuration files. It is possible - to set up PAM such that you can no longer log into your system. </p><p>If more than one UNIX machine is running <b>winbindd</b>, + to set up PAM such that you can no longer log into your system. </P +><P +>If more than one UNIX machine is running <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +>, then in general the user and groups ids allocated by winbindd will not be the same. The user and group ids will only be valid for the local - machine.</p><p>If the the Windows NT RID to UNIX user and group id mapping - file is damaged or destroyed then the mappings will be lost. </p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SIGNALS</h2><p>The following signals can be used to manipulate the - <b>winbindd</b> daemon. </p><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">SIGHUP</span></dt><dd><p>Reload the <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a> file and - apply any parameter changes to the running + machine.</P +><P +>If the the Windows NT RID to UNIX user and group id mapping + file is damaged or destroyed then the mappings will be lost. </P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN206" +></A +><H2 +>SIGNALS</H2 +><P +>The following signals can be used to manipulate the + <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> daemon. </P +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +>SIGHUP</DT +><DD +><P +>Reload the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>smb.conf(5)</TT +> + file and apply any parameter changes to the running version of winbindd. This signal also clears any cached user and group information. The list of other domains trusted - by winbindd is also reloaded. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">SIGUSR1</span></dt><dd><p>The SIGUSR1 signal will cause <b> - winbindd</b> to write status information to the winbind + by winbindd is also reloaded. </P +></DD +><DT +>SIGUSR1</DT +><DD +><P +>The SIGUSR1 signal will cause <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +> winbindd</B +> to write status information to the winbind log file including information about the number of user and - group ids allocated by <b>winbindd</b>.</p><p>Log files are stored in the filename specified by the - log file parameter.</p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>FILES</h2><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term"><tt>/etc/nsswitch.conf(5)</tt></span></dt><dd><p>Name service switch configuration file.</p></dd><dt><span class="term">/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</span></dt><dd><p>The UNIX pipe over which clients communicate with - the <b>winbindd</b> program. For security reasons, the + group ids allocated by <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +>.</P +><P +>Log files are stored in the filename specified by the + log file parameter.</P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN223" +></A +><H2 +>FILES</H2 +><P +></P +><DIV +CLASS="VARIABLELIST" +><DL +><DT +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/etc/nsswitch.conf(5)</TT +></DT +><DD +><P +>Name service switch configuration file.</P +></DD +><DT +>/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</DT +><DD +><P +>The UNIX pipe over which clients communicate with + the <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> program. For security reasons, the winbind client will only attempt to connect to the winbindd daemon - if both the <tt>/tmp/.winbindd</tt> directory - and <tt>/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</tt> file are owned by - root. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">$LOCKDIR/winbindd_privilaged/pipe</span></dt><dd><p>The UNIX pipe over which 'privilaged' clients - communicate with the <b>winbindd</b> program. For security - reasons, access to some winbindd functions - like those needed by - the <b>ntlm_auth</b> utility - is restricted. By default, - only users in the 'root' group will get this access, however the administrator - may change the group permissions on $LOCKDIR/winbindd_privilaged to allow - programs like 'squid' to use ntlm_auth. - Note that the winbind client will only attempt to connect to the winbindd daemon - if both the <tt>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_privilaged</tt> directory - and <tt>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_privilaged/pipe</tt> file are owned by - root. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">/lib/libnss_winbind.so.X</span></dt><dd><p>Implementation of name service switch library. - </p></dd><dt><span class="term">$LOCKDIR/winbindd_idmap.tdb</span></dt><dd><p>Storage for the Windows NT rid to UNIX user/group + if both the <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/tmp/.winbindd</TT +> directory + and <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</TT +> file are owned by + root. </P +></DD +><DT +>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.X</DT +><DD +><P +>Implementation of name service switch library. + </P +></DD +><DT +>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_idmap.tdb</DT +><DD +><P +>Storage for the Windows NT rid to UNIX user/group id mapping. The lock directory is specified when Samba is initially - compiled using the <i><tt>--with-lockdir</tt></i> option. - This directory is by default <tt>/usr/local/samba/var/locks - </tt>. </p></dd><dt><span class="term">$LOCKDIR/winbindd_cache.tdb</span></dt><dd><p>Storage for cached user and group information. - </p></dd></dl></div></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>VERSION</h2><p>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of - the Samba suite.</p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>SEE ALSO</h2><p><tt>nsswitch.conf(5)</tt>, <a href="Samba.7.html">Samba(7)</a>, <a href="wbinfo.8.html">wbinfo(8)</a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html">smb.conf(5)</a></p></div><div class="refsect1" lang="en"><h2>AUTHOR</h2><p>The original Samba software and related utilities + compiled using the <TT +CLASS="PARAMETER" +><I +>--with-lockdir</I +></TT +> option. + This directory is by default <TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>/usr/local/samba/var/locks + </TT +>. </P +></DD +><DT +>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_cache.tdb</DT +><DD +><P +>Storage for cached user and group information. + </P +></DD +></DL +></DIV +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN252" +></A +><H2 +>VERSION</H2 +><P +>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite.</P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN255" +></A +><H2 +>SEE ALSO</H2 +><P +><TT +CLASS="FILENAME" +>nsswitch.conf(5)</TT +>, + <A +HREF="samba.7.html" +TARGET="_top" +>samba(7)</A +>, + <A +HREF="wbinfo.1.html" +TARGET="_top" +>wbinfo(1)</A +>, + <A +HREF="smb.conf.5.html" +TARGET="_top" +>smb.conf(5)</A +></P +></DIV +><DIV +CLASS="REFSECT1" +><A +NAME="AEN262" +></A +><H2 +>AUTHOR</H2 +><P +>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar - to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</p><p><b>wbinfo</b> and <b>winbindd</b> were - written by Tim Potter.</p><p>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done - by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for - Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</p></div></div></body></html> + to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</P +><P +><B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>wbinfo</B +> and <B +CLASS="COMMAND" +>winbindd</B +> + were written by Tim Potter.</P +><P +>The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done + by Gerald Carter</P +></DIV +></BODY +></HTML +>
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