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diff --git a/docs/Samba-Guide/SBE-AddingUNIXClients.xml b/docs/Samba-Guide/SBE-AddingUNIXClients.xml index 3baa02e28e..c7656f8b58 100644 --- a/docs/Samba-Guide/SBE-AddingUNIXClients.xml +++ b/docs/Samba-Guide/SBE-AddingUNIXClients.xml @@ -1681,7 +1681,446 @@ data = "\00\00\00\00bp\00\00\06krbtgt\06krbtgt- <smbconfoption name="write list">root</smbconfoption> </smbconfexample> - </sect2> + <sect3> + <title>IDMAP_RID with Winbind</title> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>idmap_rid</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>SID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>RID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>IDMAP</primary></indexterm> + The <command>idmap_rid</command> facility is a new tool that, unlike native winbind, creates a + predictable mapping of MS Windows SIDs to UNIX UIDs and GIDs. The key benefit of this method + of implementing the Samba IDMAP facility is that it eliminates the need to store the IDMAP data + in a central place. The down-side is that it can be used only within a single ADS Domain and + is not compatible with trusted domain implementations. + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>SID</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>allow trusted domains</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>idmap uid</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>idmap gid</primary></indexterm> + This alternate method of SID to UID/GID mapping can be achieved uses the idmap_rid + plug-in. This plug-in uses the RID of the user SID to derive the UID and GID by adding the + RID to a base value specified. This utility requires that the parameter + <quote>allow trusted domains = No</quote> must be specified, as it is not compatible + with multiple domain environments. The <parameter>idmap uid</parameter> and + <parameter>idmap gid</parameter> ranges must be specified. + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>idmap_rid</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>realm</primary></indexterm> + The idmap_rid facility can be used both for NT4/Samba style domains as well as with Active Directory. + To use this with an NT4 Domain the <parameter>realm</parameter> is not used, additionally the + method used to join the domain uses the <constant>net rpc join</constant> process. + </para> + + <para> + An example &smb.conf; file for and ADS domain environment is shown here: +<screen> +# Global parameters +[global] + workgroup = KPAK + netbios name = BIGJOE + realm = CORP.KPAK.COM + server string = Office Server + security = ADS + allow trusted domains = No + idmap backend = idmap_rid:KPAK=500-100000000 + idmap uid = 500-100000000 + idmap gid = 500-100000000 + template shell = /bin/bash + winbind use default domain = Yes + winbind enum users = No + winbind enum groups = No + winbind nested groups = Yes + printer admin = "Domain Admins" +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>large domain</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Active Directory</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>response</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>getent</primary></indexterm> + In a large domain with many users it is imperative to disable enumeration of users and groups. + For examplem, at a site that has 22,000 users in Active Directory the winbind based user and + group resolution is unavailable for nearly 12 minutes following first start-up of + <command>winbind</command>. Disabling of such enumeration resulted in instantaneous response. + The disabling of user and group enumeration means that it will not be possible to list users + or groups using the <command>getent passwd</command> and <command>getent group</command> + commands. It will be possible to perform the lookup for individual users, as shown in the procedure + below. + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>NSS</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary></indexterm> + The use of this tool requires configuration of NSS as per the native use of winbind. Edit the + <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> so it has the following parameters: +<screen> +... +passwd: files winbind +shadow: files winbind +group: files winbind +... +hosts: files wins +... +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + The following procedure can be used to utilize the idmap_rid facility: + </para> + + <procedure> + <step><para> + Create or install and &smb.conf; file with the above configuration. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Edit the <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file as shown above. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Execute: +<screen> +&rootprompt; net ads join -UAdministrator%password +Using short domain name -- KPAK +Joined 'BIGJOE' to realm 'CORP.KPAK.COM' +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>failed join</primary></indexterm> + An invalid or failed join can be detected by executing: +<screen> +&rootprompt; net ads testjoin +BIGJOE$@'s password: +[2004/11/05 16:53:03, 0] utils/net_ads.c:ads_startup(186) + ads_connect: No results returned +Join to domain is not valid +</screen> + The specific error message may differ from the above as it depends on the type of failure that + may have occured. Increase the <parameter>log level</parameter> to 10, repeat the above test + and then examine the log files produced to identify the nature of the failure. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Start the <command>nmbd, winbind,</command> and <command>smbd</command> daemons in the order shown. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Validate the operation of this configuration by executing: + <indexterm><primary></primary></indexterm> +<screen> +&rootprompt; getent passwd administrator +administrator:x:1000:1013:Administrator:/home/BE/administrator:/bin/bash +</screen> + </para></step> + </procedure> + + </sect3> + + <sect3> + <title>IDMAP Storage in LDAP using Winbind</title> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>ADAM</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>ADS</primary></indexterm> + The storage of IDMAP information in LDAP can be used with both NT4/Samba-3 style domains as well as + with ADS domains. OpenLDAP is a commonly used LDAP server for this purpose, although any standards + complying LDAP server can be used. It is therefore possible to deploy this IDMAP configuration using + the Sun iPlanet LDAP server, Novell eDirectory, Microsoft ADS plus ADAM, and so on. + </para> + + <para> + The following example is for an ADS style domain: + </para> + + <para> +<screen> +# Global parameters +[global] + workgroup = SNOWSHOW + netbios name = GOODELF + realm = SNOWSHOW.COM + server string = Samba Server + security = ADS + log level = 1 ads:10 auth:10 sam:10 rpc:10 + ldap admin dn = cn=Manager,dc=SNOWSHOW,dc=COM + ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap + ldap suffix = dc=SNOWSHOW,dc=COM + idmap backend = ldap:ldap://ldap.snowshow.com + idmap uid = 150000-550000 + idmap gid = 150000-550000 + template shell = /bin/bash + winbind use default domain = Yes +</screen> + </para> + <para> + <indexterm><primary>realm</primary></indexterm> + In the case of an NT4 or Samba-3 style Domain the <parameter>realm</parameter> is not used and the + command used to join the domain is: <command>net rpc join</command>. The above example also demonstrates + advanced error reporting techniques that are documented in <link linkend="dbglvl">the chapter called + Reporting Bugs</link>. + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>MIT kerberos</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>Heimdal kerberos</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>/etc/krb5.conf</primary></indexterm> + Where MIT kerberos is installed (version 1.3.4 or later) edit the <filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> + file so it has the following contents: +<screen> +[logging] + default = FILE:/var/log/krb5libs.log + kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log + admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind.log + +[libdefaults] + default_realm = SNOWSHOW.COM + dns_lookup_realm = false + dns_lookup_kdc = true + +[appdefaults] + pam = { + debug = false + ticket_lifetime = 36000 + renew_lifetime = 36000 + forwardable = true + krb4_convert = false + } +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + Where Heimdal kerberos is installed edit the <filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> + file so it is either empty (i.e.: no contents) or it has the following contents: +<screen> +[libdefaults] + default_realm = SNOWSHOW.COM + clockskew = 300 + +[realms] + SNOWSHOW.COM = { + kdc = ADSDC.SHOWSHOW.COM + } + +[domain_realm] + .snowshow.com = SNOWSHOW.COM +</screen> + </para> + + <note><para> + Samba can not use the Heimdal libraries if there is no <filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> file. + So long as there is an empty file the Heimdal kerberos libraries will be usable. There is no + need to specify any settings as Samba using the Heimdal libraries can figure this out automatically. + </para></note> + <para> + Edit the NSS control file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> so it has the following entries: +<screen> +... +passwd: files ldap +shadow: files ldap +group: files ldap +... +hosts: files wins +... +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>PADL</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>/etc/ldap.conf</primary></indexterm> + You will need the <ulink url="http://www.padl.com">PADL</ulink> <command>nss_ldap</command> + tool set for this solution. Configure the <filename>/etc/ldap.conf</filename> file so it has + the information needed. The following is an example of a working file: +<screen> +host 192.168.2.1 +base dc=snowshow,dc=com +binddn cn=Manager,dc=snowshow,dc=com +bindpw not24get + +pam_password exop + +nss_base_passwd ou=People,dc=snowshow,dc=com?one +nss_base_shadow ou=People,dc=snowshow,dc=com?one +nss_base_group ou=Groups,dc=snowshow,dc=com?one +ssl no +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + The following procedure may be followed to affect a working configuration: + </para> + <procedure> + <step><para> + Configure the &smb.conf; file as shown above. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Create the <filename>/etc/krb5.conf</filename> file following the indications above. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Configure the <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file as shown above. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Download, build and install the PADL nss_ldap tool set. Configure the + <filename>/etc/ldap.conf</filename> file as shown above. + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Configure an LDAP server, initialize the directory with the top level entries needed by IDMAP + as shown in the following LDIF file: +<screen> +dn: dc=snowshow,dc=com +objectClass: dcObject +objectClass: organization +dc: snowshow +o: The Greatest Snow Show in Singapore. +description: Posix and Samba LDAP Identity Database + +dn: cn=Manager,dc=snowshow,dc=com +objectClass: organizationalRole +cn: Manager +description: Directory Manager + +dn: ou=Idmap,dc=snowshow,dc=com +objectClass: organizationalUnit +ou: idmap +</screen> + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Execute the command to join the Samba Domain Member Server to the ADS domain as shown here: +<screen> +&rootprompt; net ads testjoin +Using short domain name -- SNOWSHOW +Joined 'GOODELF' to realm 'SNOWSHOW.COM' +</screen> + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Store the LDAP server access password in the Samba <filename>secrets.tdb</filename> file as follows: +<screen> +&rootprompt; smbpasswd -w not24get +</screen> + </para></step> + + <step><para> + Start the <command>nmbd, winbind,</command> and <command>smbd</command> daemons in the order shown. + </para></step> + </procedure> + + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>diagnostic</primary></indexterm> + Follow the diagnositic procedures shown earlier in this chapter to identify success or failure of the join. + In many cases a failure is indicated by a silent return to the command prompt with no indication of the + reason for failure. + </para> + + </sect3> + + <sect3> + <title>IDMAP and NSS Using LDAP From ADS with RFC2307bis Schema Extension</title> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>rfc2307bis</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>schema</primary></indexterm> + The use of this method is messy. The information provided in the following is for guidance only + and is very definitely not complete. This method does work; it is used in a number of large sites + and has an acceptable level of performance. + </para> + + <para> + The following is an example &smb.conf; file: +<screen> +# Global parameters +[global] + workgroup = BOBBY + realm = BOBBY.COM + security = ADS + idmap uid = 150000-550000 + idmap gid = 150000-550000 + template shell = /bin/bash + winbind cache time = 5 + winbind use default domain = Yes + winbind trusted domains only = Yes + winbind nested groups = Yes +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>nss_ldap</primary></indexterm> + The DMS must be joined to the domain using the usual procedure. Additionally, it is necessary + to build and install the PADL nss_ldap tool set. Be sure to build this tool set with the + following: +<screen> +./configure --enable-rfc2307bis --enable-schema-mapping +make install +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary></indexterm> + The following <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file contents are required: +<screen> +... +passwd: files ldap +shadow: files ldap +group: files ldap +... +hosts: files wins +... +</screen> + </para> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>/etc/ldap.conf</primary></indexterm> + <indexterm><primary>nss_ldap</primary></indexterm> + The <filename>/etc/ldap.conf</filename> file must be configured also. Refer to the PADL documentation + and source code for nss_ldap to specific instructions. + </para> + + <para> + The next step involves preparation on the ADS schema. This is briefly discussed in the remaining + part of this chapter. + </para> + + <sect4> + <title>IDMAP, Active Directory and MS Services for UNIX 3.5</title> + + <para> + <indexterm><primary>SFU</primary></indexterm> + The Microsoft Windows Service for UNIX (SFU) version 3.5 is available for free + <ulink url="http://www.microsoft.com/windows/sfu/">download</ulink> + from the Microsoft Web site. You will need to download this tool and install it following + Microsoft instructions. + </para> + + </sect4> + + <sect4> + <title>IDMAP, Active Directory and AD4UNIX</title> + + <para> + Instructions for obtaining and installing the AD4UNIX tool set can be found from the + <ulink url="http://www.geekcomix.com/cgi-bin/classnotes/wiki.pl?LDAP01/An_Alternative_Approach"> + Geekcomix</ulink> web site. + </para> + + </sect4> + + </sect3> + + </sect2> + <sect2> <title>UNIX/Linux Client Domain Member</title> |