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+idmap script option for flexible UID/GID handling
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+If you are using "idmap backend = tdb2" with winbind in Samba3, then
+you have the option of specifying an external script to perform
+uid/gid allocation. This can be useful in situations where you are
+using AD for authentication, but the AD server is not configured to
+supply uid/gid mappings via the services for unix extensions and you
+have a need to support a pre-existing system for uid/gid allocation.
+
+One common situation where this arises is where you have a mixture of
+NFS and CIFS clients, and the NFS clients are configured to use NIS
+for their id mapping. It is quite common to have an administrative
+mechanism in place to ensure that all of the NIS users have a
+corresponding AD user account, but there may be no direct mechanism to
+ensure that any unix uid/gid attributes in AD match those in NIS.
+
+In this situation it would normally not be possible to share files
+with correct ownership between the CIFS and NFS clients, as winbind
+would normally allocate its own set of UIDs from a reserved pool, and
+those uids won't match the existing ones in NIS.
+
+The idmap script option
+-----------------------
+
+To resolve this problem the idmap tdb2 module has the ability to call
+out to an external script whenever it meeds an unknown SID or UID/GID
+for the first time. It is then the job of that script to provide a
+mapping consistent with whatever external system is in place (such as
+NIS), and return the mapped result to winbind.
+
+Winbind will then persistently store the result of the mapping, so
+that the script is not invoked more than once per user/group.
+
+To setup the idmap script you need to set the following options:
+
+  idmap backend = tdb2
+  idmap script = /usr/local/bin/idmap.sh
+
+where the location and name of the script is arbitrary. It just needs
+to be executable by winbind. 
+
+You then need to stop Samba, delete the key idmap cache files, and
+restart Samba. The idmap files that need to be deleted are:
+
+ - gencache.tdb
+ - winbindd_cache.tdb
+ - idmap2.tdb
+
+
+Script operation
+----------------
+
+The script will be called by winbind in one of three ways. 
+
+ 1) idmap.sh SIDTOID <SID>
+ 2) idmap.sh IDTOSID UID <UID>
+ 2) idmap.sh IDTOSID GID <GID>
+
+In the first form the script is being asked to map a windows SID (in
+the string form "S-*") to a UID or GID. In the second form the script
+is being asked to map a UID to a SID, and in the third form it is
+being asked to map a GID to a SID.
+
+SIDTOID
+-------
+
+In the first form the script is expected to output a UID or GID given
+a SID. The output format is expected to be like this:
+
+ UID:1234
+or
+ GID:1122
+
+If the SID cannot be found, then the script should output an error
+like this:
+
+ ERR:Some error message
+
+Note that it is common for the external mechanism to not know about
+windows SIDs, in which case the script may use the wbinfo command to
+ask winbind to change the SID into a username or group name. The
+"wbinfo -s" option is the one to use.
+
+
+IDTOSID UID
+-----------
+
+In this form the script is expected to turn a UID into a SID,
+returning a result like this:
+
+ SID:S-1-5-21-1110277820-2343689819-414998773-1124
+
+or an error like this:
+
+ ERR:Some error message
+
+If the external mechanism that the script wants to use cannot produce
+a SID, but can produce a username, then the script can convert the
+username to a SID using the "wbinfo -n" option.
+
+IDTOSID GID
+-----------
+
+In this form the script is expected to turn a GID into a SID,
+returning a result like this:
+
+ SID:S-1-5-21-1110277820-2343689819-414998773-1120
+
+or an error like this:
+
+ ERR:Some error message
+
+If the external mechanism that the script wants to use cannot produce
+a SID, but can produce a group name, then the script can convert the
+groupname to a SID using the "wbinfo -n" option.
+
+
+Testing the script
+------------------
+
+It is suggested that you test the script on the command line first,
+before using it in winbind. To do that first get a list of users you
+would like to test using the command "wbinfo -u". Let's assume one of
+those users is "DC01\tridge". You would then test the script as
+follows:
+
+  [root ~]# wbinfo -n 'DC01\tridge'
+  S-1-5-21-1110277820-2343689819-414998773-1124 User (1)
+
+  [root ~]# /usr/local/bin/idmap.sh SIDTOID S-1-5-21-1110277820-2343689819-414998773-1124
+  UID:1003
+
+  [root ~]# /usr/local/bin/idmap.sh IDTOSID UID 1003
+  SID:S-1-5-21-1110277820-2343689819-414998773-1124
+
+Once those steps pass, you can enable the script in winbind
+(remembering to clear the cache tdbs), and test using the id command:
+
+  [root ~]# id 'DC01\tridge'
+  uid=1003(DC01\tridge) gid=10000009(DC01\domain users)
+
+
+nsswitch.conf
+-------------
+
+When using the idmap script option you setup nsswitch.conf as usual
+for winbind, with one addition. If your external idmap mechanism
+support nsswitch then you may optionally choose to add it to
+nsswitch.conf, but you must add it after the winbind entry. So for
+example, if using NIS, you could have a nsswitch.conf entry like this:
+
+  passwd:     files winbind nis
+  group:      files winbind nis
+
+Adding this to nsswitch.conf is not essential, but may be useful for
+some local administration tools.
+
+Sample script
+-------------
+
+This directory contains a simple example script 'idmap_nis.sh' that
+provides idmap script support for NIS. To use it you first need to
+enable the NIS client on your Samba server, usually by configuring
+/etc/yp.conf. See the manual page for yp.conf for details. 
+
+You should test the ypcat and ypmatch commands and make sure they work
+before enabling the idmap_nis.sh script.