From 8f8a9f01909ba29e2b781310baeeaaddc3f15f0d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Gerald W. Carter" Date: Tue, 22 Apr 2008 10:09:40 -0500 Subject: Moving docs tree to docs-xml to make room for generated docs in the release tarball. (This used to be commit 9f672c26d63955f613088489c6efbdc08b5b2d14) --- docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml | 512 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 512 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml (limited to 'docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml') diff --git a/docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml b/docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..7e3948c461 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs-xml/manpages-3/winbindd.8.xml @@ -0,0 +1,512 @@ + + + + + + winbindd + 8 + Samba + System Administration tools + 3.2 + + + + + winbindd + Name Service Switch daemon for resolving names + from NT servers + + + + + winbindd + -D + -F + -S + -i + -Y + -d <debug level> + -s <smb config file> + -n + + + + + DESCRIPTION + + This program is part of the samba + 7 suite. + + winbindd is a daemon that provides + a number of services to the Name Service Switch capability found + in most modern C libraries, to arbitrary applications via PAM + and ntlm_auth and to Samba itself. + + Even if winbind is not used for nsswitch, it still provides a + service to smbd, ntlm_auth + and the pam_winbind.so PAM module, by managing connections to + domain controllers. In this configuraiton the + and + + parameters are not required. (This is known as `netlogon proxy only mode'.) + + The Name Service Switch allows user + and system information to be obtained from different databases + services such as NIS or DNS. The exact behaviour can be configured + throught the /etc/nsswitch.conf file. + Users and groups are allocated as they are resolved to a range + of user and group ids specified by the administrator of the + Samba system. + + The service provided by winbindd is called `winbind' and + can be used to resolve user and group information from a + Windows NT server. The service can also provide authentication + services via an associated PAM module. + + + The pam_winbind module supports the + auth, account + and password + module-types. It should be noted that the + account module simply performs a getpwnam() to verify that + the system can obtain a uid for the user, as the domain + controller has already performed access control. If the + libnss_winbind library has been correctly + installed, or an alternate source of names configured, this should always succeed. + + + The following nsswitch databases are implemented by + the winbindd service: + + + + -D + If specified, this parameter causes + the server to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches + itself and runs in the background on the appropriate port. + This switch is assumed if winbindd is + executed on the command line of a shell. + + + + + hosts + This feature is only available on IRIX. + User information traditionally stored in + the hosts(5) file and used by + gethostbyname(3) functions. Names are + resolved through the WINS server or by broadcast. + + + + + passwd + User information traditionally stored in + the passwd(5) file and used by + getpwent(3) functions. + + + + group + Group information traditionally stored in + the group(5) file and used by + getgrent(3) functions. + + + + For example, the following simple configuration in the + /etc/nsswitch.conf file can be used to initially + resolve user and group information from /etc/passwd + and /etc/group and then from the + Windows NT server. + +passwd: files winbind +group: files winbind +## only available on IRIX; Linux users should us libnss_wins.so +hosts: files dns winbind + + + The following simple configuration in the + /etc/nsswitch.conf file can be used to initially + resolve hostnames from /etc/hosts and then from the + WINS server. + +hosts: files wins + + + + + + + OPTIONS + + + + -F + If specified, this parameter causes + the main winbindd process to not daemonize, + i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal. + Child processes are still created as normal to service + each connection request, but the main process does not + exit. This operation mode is suitable for running + winbindd under process supervisors such + as supervise and svscan + from Daniel J. Bernstein's daemontools + package, or the AIX process monitor. + + + + + -S + If specified, this parameter causes + winbindd to log to standard output rather + than a file. + + + &stdarg.server.debug; + &popt.common.samba; + &stdarg.help; + + + -i + Tells winbindd to not + become a daemon and detach from the current terminal. This + option is used by developers when interactive debugging + of winbindd is required. + winbindd also logs to standard output, + as if the -S parameter had been given. + + + + + -n + Disable caching. This means winbindd will + always have to wait for a response from the domain controller + before it can respond to a client and this thus makes things + slower. The results will however be more accurate, since + results from the cache might not be up-to-date. This + might also temporarily hang winbindd if the DC doesn't respond. + + + + + -Y + Single daemon mode. This means winbindd will run + as a single process (the mode of operation in Samba 2.2). Winbindd's + default behavior is to launch a child process that is responsible for + updating expired cache entries. + + + + + + + + + NAME AND ID RESOLUTION + + Users and groups on a Windows NT server are assigned + a security id (SID) which is globally unique when the + user or group is created. To convert the Windows NT user or group + into a unix user or group, a mapping between SIDs and unix user + and group ids is required. This is one of the jobs that + winbindd performs. + + As winbindd users and groups are resolved from a server, user + and group ids are allocated from a specified range. This + is done on a first come, first served basis, although all existing + users and groups will be mapped as soon as a client performs a user + or group enumeration command. The allocated unix ids are stored + in a database and will be remembered. + + WARNING: The SID to unix id database is the only location + where the user and group mappings are stored by winbindd. If this + store is deleted or corrupted, there is no way for winbindd to + determine which user and group ids correspond to Windows NT user + and group rids. + + See the idmap + domains or the old idmap + backend parameters in + smb.conf for options for sharing this + database, such as via LDAP. + + + + + CONFIGURATION + + Configuration of the winbindd daemon + is done through configuration parameters in the + smb.conf5 + file. All parameters should be specified in the + [global] section of smb.conf. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Setting this parameter forces winbindd to use RPC + instead of LDAP to retrieve information from Domain + Controllers. + + + + + + + EXAMPLE SETUP + + + To setup winbindd for user and group lookups plus + authentication from a domain controller use something like the + following setup. This was tested on an early Red Hat Linux box. + + + In /etc/nsswitch.conf put the + following: + +passwd: files winbind +group: files winbind + + + + In /etc/pam.d/* replace the + auth lines with something like this: + +auth required /lib/security/pam_securetty.so +auth required /lib/security/pam_nologin.so +auth sufficient /lib/security/pam_winbind.so +auth required /lib/security/pam_unix.so \ + use_first_pass shadow nullok + + + + + The PAM module pam_unix has recently replaced the module pam_pwdb. + Some Linux systems use the module pam_unix2 in place of pam_unix. + + + Note in particular the use of the sufficient + keyword and the use_first_pass keyword. + + Now replace the account lines with this: + + account required /lib/security/pam_winbind.so + + + The next step is to join the domain. To do that use the + net program like this: + + net join -S PDC -U Administrator + + The username after the -U can be any + Domain user that has administrator privileges on the machine. + Substitute the name or IP of your PDC for "PDC". + + Next copy libnss_winbind.so to + /lib and pam_winbind.so + to /lib/security. A symbolic link needs to be + made from /lib/libnss_winbind.so to + /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2. If you are using an + older version of glibc then the target of the link should be + /lib/libnss_winbind.so.1. + + Finally, setup a smb.conf + 5 containing directives like the + following: + +[global] + winbind separator = + + winbind cache time = 10 + template shell = /bin/bash + template homedir = /home/%D/%U + idmap uid = 10000-20000 + idmap gid = 10000-20000 + workgroup = DOMAIN + security = domain + password server = * + + + + Now start winbindd and you should find that your user and + group database is expanded to include your NT users and groups, + and that you can login to your unix box as a domain user, using + the DOMAIN+user syntax for the username. You may wish to use the + commands getent passwd and getent group + to confirm the correct operation of winbindd. + + + + + NOTES + + The following notes are useful when configuring and + running winbindd: + + nmbd + 8 must be running on the local machine + for winbindd to work. + + PAM is really easy to misconfigure. Make sure you know what + you are doing when modifying PAM configuration files. It is possible + to set up PAM such that you can no longer log into your system. + + If more than one UNIX machine is running winbindd, + then in general the user and groups ids allocated by winbindd will not + be the same. The user and group ids will only be valid for the local + machine, unless a shared idmap + backend is configured. + + If the the Windows NT SID to UNIX user and group id mapping + file is damaged or destroyed then the mappings will be lost. + + + + + SIGNALS + + The following signals can be used to manipulate the + winbindd daemon. + + + + SIGHUP + Reload the smb.conf + 5 file and + apply any parameter changes to the running + version of winbindd. This signal also clears any cached + user and group information. The list of other domains trusted + by winbindd is also reloaded. + + + + SIGUSR2 + The SIGUSR2 signal will cause + winbindd to write status information to the winbind + log file. + + Log files are stored in the filename specified by the + log file parameter. + + + + + + FILES + + + + /etc/nsswitch.conf(5) + Name service switch configuration file. + + + + + /tmp/.winbindd/pipe + The UNIX pipe over which clients communicate with + the winbindd program. For security reasons, the + winbind client will only attempt to connect to the winbindd daemon + if both the /tmp/.winbindd directory + and /tmp/.winbindd/pipe file are owned by + root. + + + + $LOCKDIR/winbindd_privileged/pipe + The UNIX pipe over which 'privileged' clients + communicate with the winbindd program. For security + reasons, access to some winbindd functions - like those needed by + the ntlm_auth utility - is restricted. By default, + only users in the 'root' group will get this access, however the administrator + may change the group permissions on $LOCKDIR/winbindd_privileged to allow + programs like 'squid' to use ntlm_auth. + Note that the winbind client will only attempt to connect to the winbindd daemon + if both the $LOCKDIR/winbindd_privileged directory + and $LOCKDIR/winbindd_privileged/pipe file are owned by + root. + + + + /lib/libnss_winbind.so.X + Implementation of name service switch library. + + + + + $LOCKDIR/winbindd_idmap.tdb + Storage for the Windows NT rid to UNIX user/group + id mapping. The lock directory is specified when Samba is initially + compiled using the --with-lockdir option. + This directory is by default /usr/local/samba/var/locks + . + + + + $LOCKDIR/winbindd_cache.tdb + Storage for cached user and group information. + + + + + + + + VERSION + + This man page is correct for version 3.0 of + the Samba suite. + + + + SEE ALSO + + nsswitch.conf(5), + samba + 7, + wbinfo + 1, + ntlm_auth + 8, + smb.conf + 5, + pam_winbind + 8 + + + + AUTHOR + + The original Samba software and related utilities + were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed + by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar + to the way the Linux kernel is developed. + + wbinfo and winbindd were + written by Tim Potter. + + The conversion to DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done + by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for + Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy. + + + -- cgit