From 1c523188a5cc6b70497e41ca3ce7a25a58dfa706 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gerald Carter Date: Mon, 26 Feb 2001 13:32:51 +0000 Subject: beginning on consolidating individual text files. Chapter 1 contains UNIX_INSTALL.txt (This used to be commit 45d406ba274ac830dd52544645090b5e4dbf5768) --- docs/docbook/projdoc/chapter1.sgml | 446 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml | 22 ++ 2 files changed, 468 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/chapter1.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml (limited to 'docs/docbook/projdoc') diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/chapter1.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/chapter1.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..71589b5d60 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/chapter1.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,446 @@ + + +How to Install and Test SAMBA + + + Step 0: Read the man pages + + The man pages distributed with SAMBA contain + lots of useful info that will help to get you started. + If you don't know how to read man pages then try + something like: + + $ nroff -man smbd.8 | more + + + Other sources of information are pointed to + by the Samba web site, + http://www.samba.org + + + + Building the Binaries + + To do this, first run the program ./configure + in the source directory. This should automatically + configure Samba for your operating system. If you have unusual + needs then you may wish to run + + root# ./configure --help + + + first to see what special options you can enable. + Then exectuting + + root# make + + will create the binaries. Once it's successfully + compiled you can use + + root# make install + + to install the binaries and manual pages. You can + separately install the binaries and/or man pages using + + root# make installbin + + + and + + root# make installman + + + Note that if you are upgrading for a previous version + of Samba you might like to know that the old versions of + the binaries will be renamed with a ".old" extension. You + can go back to the previous version with + + root# make revert + + + if you find this version a disaster! + + + + Step 2: The all important step + + At this stage you must fetch yourself a + coffee or other drink you find stimulating. Getting the rest + of the install right can sometimes be tricky, so you will + probably need it. + + If you have installed samba before then you can skip + this step. + + + + Step 3: Create the smb configuration file. + + There are sample configuration files in the examples + subdirectory in the distribution. I suggest you read them + carefully so you can see how the options go together in + practice. See the man page for all the options. + + The simplest useful configuration file would be + something like this: + + + [global] + workgroup = MYGROUP + + [homes] + guest ok = no + read only = no + + + which would allow connections by anyone with an + account on the server, using either their login name or + "homes" as the service name. (Note that I also set the + workgroup that Samba is part of. See BROWSING.txt for defails) + + Note that make install will not install + a smb.conf file. You need to create it + yourself. + + Make sure you put the smb.conf file in the same place + you specified in theMakefile (the default is to + look for it in /usr/local/samba/lib/). + + For more information about security settings for the + [homes] share please refer to the document UNIX_SECURITY.txt. + + + + Step 4: Test your config file with + <command>testparm</command> + + It's important that you test the validity of your + smb.conf file using the testparm program. + If testparm runs OK then it will list the loaded services. If + not it will give an error message. + + Make sure it runs OK and that the services look + resonable before proceeding. + + + + + Step 5: Starting the smbd and nmbd + + You must choose to start smbd and nmbd either + as daemons or from inetd. Don't try + to do both! Either you can put them in + inetd.conf and have them started on demand + by inetd, or you can start them as + daemons either from the command line or in + /etc/rc.local. See the man pages for details + on the command line options. Take particular care to read + the bit about what user you need to be in order to start + Samba. In many cases you must be root. + + The main advantage of starting smbd + and nmbd as a daemon is that they will + respond slightly more quickly to an initial connection + request. This is, however, unlikely to be a problem. + + + Step 5a: Starting from inetd.conf + + NOTE; The following will be different if + you use NIS or NIS+ to distributed services maps. + + Look at your /etc/services. + What is defined at port 139/tcp. If nothing is defined + then add a line like this: + + netbios-ssn 139/tcp + + similarly for 137/udp you should have an entry like: + + netbios-ns 137/udp + + Next edit your /etc/inetd.conf + and add two lines something like this: + + + netbios-ssn stream tcp nowait root /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd smbd + netbios-ns dgram udp wait root /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd nmbd + + + The exact syntax of /etc/inetd.conf + varies between unixes. Look at the other entries in inetd.conf + for a guide. + + NOTE: Some unixes already have entries like netbios_ns + (note the underscore) in /etc/services. + You must either edit /etc/services or + /etc/inetd.conf to make them consistant. + + NOTE: On many systems you may need to use the + "interfaces" option in smb.conf to specify the IP address + and netmask of your interfaces. Run ifconfig + as root if you don't know what the broadcast is for your + net. nmbd tries to determine it at run + time, but fails on somunixes. See the section on "testing nmbd" + for a method of finding if you need to do this. + + !!!WARNING!!! Many unixes only accept around 5 + parameters on the command line in inetd.conf. + This means you shouldn't use spaces between the options and + arguments, or you should use a script, and start the script + from inetd. + + Restart inetd, perhaps just send + it a HUP. If you have installed an earlier version of + nmbd then you may need to kill nmbd as well. + + + + Step 5b. Alternative: starting it as a daemon + + To start the server as a daemon you should create + a script something like this one, perhaps calling + it startsmb. + + + #!/bin/sh + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D + /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D + + + then make it executable with chmod + +x startsmb + + You can then run startsmb by + hand or execute it from /etc/rc.local + + + To kill it send a kill signal to the processes + nmbd and smbd. + + NOTE: If you use the SVR4 style init system then + you may like to look at the examples/svr4-startup + script to make Samba fit into that system. + + + + + Step 6: Try listing the shares available on your + server + + $ smbclient -L + yourhostname + + Your should get back a list of shares available on + your server. If you don't then something is incorrectly setup. + Note that this method can also be used to see what shares + are available on other LanManager clients (such as WfWg). + + If you choose user level security then you may find + that Samba requests a password before it will list the shares. + See the smbclient man page for details. (you + can force it to list the shares without a password by + adding the option -U% to the command line. This will not work + with non-Samba servers) + + + + Step 7: Try connecting with the unix client + + $ smbclient + //yourhostname/aservice + + Typically the yourhostname + would be the name of the host where you installed + smbd. The aservice is + any service you have defined in the smb.conf + file. Try your user name if you just have a [homes] section + in smb.conf. + + For example if your unix host is bambi and your login + name is fred you would type: + + $ smbclient //bambi/fred + + + + + Step 8: Try connecting from a DOS, WfWg, Win9x, WinNT, + Win2k, OS/2, etc... client + + Try mounting disks. eg: + + C:\WINDOWS\> net use d: \\servername\service + + + Try printing. eg: + + C:\WINDOWS\> net use lpt1: + \\servername\spoolservice + + C:\WINDOWS\> print filename + + + Celebrate, or send me a bug report! + + + + What If Things Don't Work? + + If nothing works and you start to think "who wrote + this pile of trash" then I suggest you do step 2 again (and + again) till you calm down. + + Then you might read the file DIAGNOSIS.txt and the + FAQ. If you are still stuck then try the mailing list or + newsgroup (look in the README for details). Samba has been + successfully installed at thousands of sites worldwide, so maybe + someone else has hit your problem and has overcome it. You could + also use the WWW site to scan back issues of the samba-digest. + + When you fix the problem PLEASE send me some updates to the + documentation (or source code) so that the next person will find it + easier. + + + DIAGNOSING PROBLEMS + + If you have instalation problems then go to + DIAGNOSIS.txt to try to find the + problem. + + + + SCOPE IDs + + By default Samba uses a blank scope ID. This means + all your windows boxes must also have a blank scope ID. + If you really want to use a non-blank scope ID then you will + need to use the -i <scope> option to nmbd, smbd, and + smbclient. All your PCs will need to have the same setting for + this to work. I do not recommend scope IDs. + + + + + CHOOSING THE PROTOCOL LEVEL + + The SMB protocol has many dialects. Currently + Samba supports 5, called CORE, COREPLUS, LANMAN1, + LANMAN2 and NT1. + + You can choose what maximum protocol to support + in the smb.conf file. The default is + NT1 and that is the best for the vast majority of sites. + + In older versions of Samba you may have found it + necessary to use COREPLUS. The limitations that led to + this have mostly been fixed. It is now less likely that you + will want to use less than LANMAN1. The only remaining advantage + of COREPLUS is that for some obscure reason WfWg preserves + the case of passwords in this protocol, whereas under LANMAN1, + LANMAN2 or NT1 it uppercases all passwords before sending them, + forcing you to use the "password level=" option in some cases. + + The main advantage of LANMAN2 and NT1 is support for + long filenames with some clients (eg: smbclient, Windows NT + or Win95). + + See the smb.conf(5) manual page for more details. + + Note: To support print queue reporting you may find + that you have to use TCP/IP as the default protocol under + WfWg. For some reason if you leave Netbeui as the default + it may break the print queue reporting on some systems. + It is presumably a WfWg bug. + + + + PRINTING FROM UNIX TO A CLIENT PC + + To use a printer that is available via a smb-based + server from a unix host you will need to compile the + smbclient program. You then need to install the script + "smbprint". Read the instruction in smbprint for more details. + + + There is also a SYSV style script that does much + the same thing called smbprint.sysv. It contains instructions. + + + + LOCKING + + One area which sometimes causes trouble is locking. + + There are two types of locking which need to be + performed by a SMB server. The first is "record locking" + which allows a client to lock a range of bytes in a open file. + The second is the "deny modes" that are specified when a file + is open. + + Samba supports "record locking" using the fcntl() unix system + call. This is often implemented using rpc calls to a rpc.lockd process + running on the system that owns the filesystem. Unfortunately many + rpc.lockd implementations are very buggy, particularly when made to + talk to versions from other vendors. It is not uncommon for the + rpc.lockd to crash. + + There is also a problem translating the 32 bit lock + requests generated by PC clients to 31 bit requests supported + by most unixes. Unfortunately many PC applications (typically + OLE2 applications) use byte ranges with the top bit set + as semaphore sets. Samba attempts translation to support + these types of applications, and the translation has proved + to be quite successful. + + Strictly a SMB server should check for locks before + every read and write call on a file. Unfortunately with the + way fcntl() works this can be slow and may overstress the + rpc.lockd. It is also almost always unnecessary as clients + are supposed to independently make locking calls before reads + and writes anyway if locking is important to them. By default + Samba only makes locking calls when explicitly asked + to by a client, but if you set "strict locking = yes" then it will + make lock checking calls on every read and write. + + You can also disable by range locking completely + using "locking = no". This is useful for those shares that + don't support locking or don't need it (such as cdroms). In + this case Samba fakes the return codes of locking calls to + tell clients that everything is OK. + + The second class of locking is the "deny modes". These + are set by an application when it opens a file to determine + what types of access should be allowed simultaneously with + its open. A client may ask for DENY_NONE, DENY_READ, DENY_WRITE + or DENY_ALL. There are also special compatability modes called + DENY_FCB and DENY_DOS. + + You can disable share modes using "share modes = no". + This may be useful on a heavily loaded server as the share + modes code is very slow. See also the FAST_SHARE_MODES + option in the Makefile for a way to do full share modes + very fast using shared memory (if your OS supports it). + + + + MAPPING USERNAMES + + If you have different usernames on the PCs and + the unix server then take a look at the "username map" option. + See the smb.conf man page for details. + + + + OTHER CHARACTER SETS + + If you have problems using filenames with accented + characters in them (like the German, French or Scandinavian + character sets) then I recommmend you look at the "valid chars" + option in smb.conf and also take a look at the validchars + package in the examples directory. + + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..08499115be --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,22 @@ + +]> + + + +SAMBA Project Documentation + + + + SAMBA Team + +
samba@samba.org
+ $rcsId + + + + + +&Chapter1; + + -- cgit