From 3941058359150a7c2d2084d459620364f1bfacc0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gerald Carter Date: Thu, 15 Aug 2002 13:56:33 +0000 Subject: large set of updates converting some of the textdocs to SGML/DocBook. I think these were originally from Jelmer, but I've lost the original message. Also had some syntax errors in the manpages (does no one regenerate after making changes to the SGML source?) Still have some developer specific docs to add from Jelmer in the next go around.... (This used to be commit 5f673b788314325699a64377d514dda435e6c478) --- docs/docbook/Makefile.in | 4 +- docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml | 35 +- docs/docbook/projdoc/Browsing.sgml | 800 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/Bugs.sgml | 202 ++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml | 509 ++++++++++++++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml | 398 +++++++++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/Speed.sgml | 578 ++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml | 16 +- docs/docbook/projdoc/security_level.sgml | 140 ++++++ docs/docbook/projdoc/winbind.sgml | 192 +++++++- 10 files changed, 2848 insertions(+), 26 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/Browsing.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/Bugs.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/Speed.sgml create mode 100644 docs/docbook/projdoc/security_level.sgml (limited to 'docs/docbook') diff --git a/docs/docbook/Makefile.in b/docs/docbook/Makefile.in index 0a21b73f6f..0320081876 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/Makefile.in +++ b/docs/docbook/Makefile.in @@ -61,7 +61,9 @@ HOWTOSRC=projdoc/DOMAIN_MEMBER.sgml projdoc/NT_Security.sgml \ projdoc/Samba-PDC-HOWTO.sgml projdoc/ENCRYPTION.sgml \ projdoc/CVS-Access.sgml projdoc/Integrating-with-Windows.sgml \ projdoc/PAM-Authentication-And-Samba.sgml projdoc/Samba-LDAP-HOWTO.sgml \ - projdoc/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.sgml + projdoc/Samba-BDC-HOWTO.sgml projdoc/Printing.sgml projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml \ + projdoc/security_level.sgml projdoc/Browsing.sgml projdoc/Bugs.sgml \ + projdoc/Speed.sgml diff --git a/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml b/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml index b8a6d0a314..2aeb312924 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml +++ b/docs/docbook/manpages/smb.conf.5.sgml @@ -728,7 +728,7 @@ socket address socket options source environment - + use spnego stat cache stat cache size strip dot @@ -1102,7 +1102,13 @@ %u +add group script (G) +This is the full pathname to a script that will + be run AS ROOT by smbd(8) when a new group is requested. It will expand any %g to the group name passed. This script is only useful for installations using the Windows NT domain administration tools. + + + @@ -1910,6 +1916,7 @@ This script is called when a remote client removes a user from the server, normally using 'User Manager for Domains' or rpcclient. + This script should delete the given UNIX username. @@ -3281,10 +3288,9 @@ ldap admin dn (G) - - The ldap admin dn defines the Distinguished - Name (DN) name used by Samba to contact the ldap - server when retreiving user account information. The ldap + The ldap admin dn defines the Distinguished + Name (DN) name used by Samba to contact the ldap server when retreiving + user account information. The ldap admin dn is used in conjunction with the admin dn password stored in the private/secrets.tdb file. See the smbpasswd(8) man @@ -3301,8 +3307,7 @@ ldap filter (G) - - This parameter specifies the RFC 2254 compliant LDAP search filter. + This parameter specifies the RFC 2254 compliant LDAP search filter. The default is to match the login name with the uid attribute for all entries matching the sambaAccount objectclass. Note that this filter should only return one entry. @@ -3316,10 +3321,9 @@ ldap ssl (G) - - This option is used to define whether or not Samba should - use SSL when connecting to the ldap - server. This is NOT related to + This option is used to define whether or not Samba should + use SSL when connecting to the ldap server + This is NOT related to Samba's previous SSL support which was enabled by specifying the --with-ssl option to the configure script. @@ -3365,7 +3369,7 @@ - ldap machine suffix (G) + ldap machine suffix (G) It specifies where machines should be added to the ldap tree. @@ -6962,7 +6966,12 @@ /usr/local/smb_env_vars - + +use spnego (G) + This variable controls controls whether samba will try to use Simple and Protected NEGOciation (as specified by rfc2478) with WindowsXP and Windows2000sp2 clients to agree upon an authentication mechanism. As of samba 3.0alpha it must be set to "no" for these clients to join a samba domain controller. It can be set to "yes" to allow samba to participate in an AD domain controlled by a Windows2000 domain controller. +Default: use spnego = yes + + stat cache (G) diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Browsing.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Browsing.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..a463ea786b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Browsing.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,800 @@ + + + + + Samba Team + + + + + (5 July 1998) + + +Improved browsing in samba + + +Overview of browsing + + +SMB networking provides a mechanism by which clients can access a list +of machines in a network, a so-called "browse list". This list +contains machines that are ready to offer file and/or print services +to other machines within the network. Thus it does not include +machines which aren't currently able to do server tasks. The browse +list is heavily used by all SMB clients. Configuration of SMB +browsing has been problematic for some Samba users, hence this +document. + + + +Browsing will NOT work if name resolution from NetBIOS names to IP +addresses does not function correctly. Use of a WINS server is highly +recommended to aid the resolution of NetBIOS (SMB) names to IP addresses. +WINS allows remote segment clients to obtain NetBIOS name_type information +that can NOT be provided by any other means of name resolution. + + + + + +Browsing support in samba + + +Samba now fully supports browsing. The browsing is supported by nmbd +and is also controlled by options in the smb.conf file (see smb.conf(5)). + + + +Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability +for samba to support domain logons and scripts is now available. See +DOMAIN.txt for more information on domain logons. + + + +Samba can also act as a domain master browser for a workgroup. This +means that it will collate lists from local browse masters into a +wide area network server list. In order for browse clients to +resolve the names they may find in this list, it is recommended that +both samba and your clients use a WINS server. + + + +Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a +workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain: on each wide area +network, you must only ever have one domain master browser per workgroup, +regardless of whether it is NT, Samba or any other type of domain master +that is providing this service. + + + +[Note that nmbd can be configured as a WINS server, but it is not +necessary to specifically use samba as your WINS server. NTAS can +be configured as your WINS server. In a mixed NT server and +samba environment on a Wide Area Network, it is recommended that +you use the NT server's WINS server capabilities. In a samba-only +environment, it is recommended that you use one and only one nmbd +as your WINS server]. + + + +To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need +to use the "workgroup" option in smb.conf to control what workgroup +Samba becomes a part of. + + + +Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for +browsing on another subnet. It is recommended that this option is only +used for 'unusual' purposes: announcements over the internet, for +example. See "remote announce" in the smb.conf man page. + + + + +Problem resolution + + +If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmb file will help +you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for finding +problems. Also note that the current browse list usually gets stored +in text form in a file called browse.dat. + + + +Note that if it doesn't work for you, then you should still be able to +type the server name as \\SERVER in filemanager then hit enter and +filemanager should display the list of available shares. + + + +Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global +"guest account" set to a valid account. Remember that the IPC$ +connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must +have a valid guest account. + + + +Also, a lot of people are getting bitten by the problem of too many +parameters on the command line of nmbd in inetd.conf. This trick is to +not use spaces between the option and the parameter (eg: -d2 instead +of -d 2), and to not use the -B and -N options. New versions of nmbd +are now far more likely to correctly find your broadcast and network +address, so in most cases these aren't needed. + + + +The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address, +netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the "interfaces" option +in smb.conf) + + + + +Browsing across subnets + +With the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1 and above) Samba has been +updated to enable it to support the replication of browse lists +across subnet boundaries. New code and options have been added to +achieve this. This section describes how to set this feature up +in different settings. + + + +To see browse lists that span TCP/IP subnets (ie. networks separated +by routers that don't pass broadcast traffic) you must set up at least +one WINS server. The WINS server acts as a DNS for NetBIOS names, allowing +NetBIOS name to IP address translation to be done by doing a direct +query of the WINS server. This is done via a directed UDP packet on +port 137 to the WINS server machine. The reason for a WINS server is +that by default, all NetBIOS name to IP address translation is done +by broadcasts from the querying machine. This means that machines +on one subnet will not be able to resolve the names of machines on +another subnet without using a WINS server. + + + +Remember, for browsing across subnets to work correctly, all machines, +be they Windows 95, Windows NT, or Samba servers must have the IP address +of a WINS server given to them by a DHCP server, or by manual configuration +(for Win95 and WinNT, this is in the TCP/IP Properties, under Network +settings) for Samba this is in the smb.conf file. + + + +How does cross subnet browsing work ? + + +Cross subnet browsing is a complicated dance, containing multiple +moving parts. It has taken Microsoft several years to get the code +that achieves this correct, and Samba lags behind in some areas. +However, with the 1.9.17 release, Samba is capable of cross subnet +browsing when configured correctly. + + + +Consider a network set up as follows : + + + + + (DMB) + N1_A N1_B N1_C N1_D N1_E + | | | | | + ------------------------------------------------------- + | subnet 1 | + +---+ +---+ + |R1 | Router 1 Router 2 |R2 | + +---+ +---+ + | | + | subnet 2 subnet 3 | + -------------------------- ------------------------------------ + | | | | | | | | + N2_A N2_B N2_C N2_D N3_A N3_B N3_C N3_D + (WINS) + + + + +Consisting of 3 subnets (1, 2, 3) connected by two routers +(R1, R2) - these do not pass broadcasts. Subnet 1 has 5 machines +on it, subnet 2 has 4 machines, subnet 3 has 4 machines. Assume +for the moment that all these machines are configured to be in the +same workgroup (for simplicities sake). Machine N1_C on subnet 1 +is configured as Domain Master Browser (ie. it will collate the +browse lists for the workgroup). Machine N2_D is configured as +WINS server and all the other machines are configured to register +their NetBIOS names with it. + + + +As all these machines are booted up, elections for master browsers +will take place on each of the three subnets. Assume that machine +N1_C wins on subnet 1, N2_B wins on subnet 2, and N3_D wins on +subnet 3 - these machines are known as local master browsers for +their particular subnet. N1_C has an advantage in winning as the +local master browser on subnet 1 as it is set up as Domain Master +Browser. + + + +On each of the three networks, machines that are configured to +offer sharing services will broadcast that they are offering +these services. The local master browser on each subnet will +receive these broadcasts and keep a record of the fact that +the machine is offering a service. This list of records is +the basis of the browse list. For this case, assume that +all the machines are configured to offer services so all machines +will be on the browse list. + + + +For each network, the local master browser on that network is +considered 'authoritative' for all the names it receives via +local broadcast. This is because a machine seen by the local +master browser via a local broadcast must be on the same +network as the local master browser and thus is a 'trusted' +and 'verifiable' resource. Machines on other networks that +the local master browsers learn about when collating their +browse lists have not been directly seen - these records are +called 'non-authoritative'. + + + +At this point the browse lists look as follows (these are +the machines you would see in your network neighborhood if +you looked in it on a particular network right now). + + + + +Subnet Browse Master List +------ ------------- ---- +Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E + +Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D + +Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D + + + + +Note that at this point all the subnets are separate, no +machine is seen across any of the subnets. + + + +Now examine subnet 2. As soon as N2_B has become the local +master browser it looks for a Domain master browser to synchronize +its browse list with. It does this by querying the WINS server +(N2_D) for the IP address associated with the NetBIOS name +WORKGROUP>1B<. This name was registerd by the Domain master +browser (N1_C) with the WINS server as soon as it was booted. + + + +Once N2_B knows the address of the Domain master browser it +tells it that is the local master browser for subnet 2 by +sending a MasterAnnouncement packet as a UDP port 138 packet. +It then synchronizes with it by doing a NetServerEnum2 call. This +tells the Domain Master Browser to send it all the server +names it knows about. Once the domain master browser receives +the MasterAnnouncement packet it schedules a synchronization +request to the sender of that packet. After both synchronizations +are done the browse lists look like : + + + + +Subnet Browse Master List +------ ------------- ---- +Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, + N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) + +Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D + N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) + +Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D + +Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. + + + + +At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on +subnets 1 or 2 will see all the servers on both, users on +subnet 3 will still only see the servers on their own subnet. + + + +The same sequence of events that occured for N2_B now occurs +for the local master browser on subnet 3 (N3_D). When it +synchronizes browse lists with the domain master browser (N1_A) +it gets both the server entries on subnet 1, and those on +subnet 2. After N3_D has synchronized with N1_C and vica-versa +the browse lists look like. + + + + +Subnet Browse Master List +------ ------------- ---- +Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, + N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), + N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) + +Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D + N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) + +Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D + N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), + N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) + +Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. + + + + +At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on +subnets 1 or 3 will see all the servers on all sunbets, users on +subnet 2 will still only see the servers on subnets 1 and 2, but not 3. + + + +Finally, the local master browser for subnet 2 (N2_B) will sync again +with the domain master browser (N1_C) and will recieve the missing +server entries. Finally - and as a steady state (if no machines +are removed or shut off) the browse lists will look like : + + + + +Subnet Browse Master List +------ ------------- ---- +Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, + N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), + N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) + +Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D + N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) + N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) + +Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D + N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), + N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) + +Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names. + + + + +Synchronizations between the domain master browser and local +master browsers will continue to occur, but this should be a +steady state situation. + + + +If either router R1 or R2 fails the following will occur: + + + + + + Names of computers on each side of the inaccessible network fragments + will be maintained for as long as 36 minutes, in the network neighbourhood + lists. + + + + + + Attempts to connect to these inaccessible computers will fail, but the + names will not be removed from the network neighbourhood lists. + + + + + + If one of the fragments is cut off from the WINS server, it will only + be able to access servers on its local subnet, by using subnet-isolated + broadcast NetBIOS name resolution. The effects are similar to that of + losing access to a DNS server. + + + + + + + +Setting up a WINS server + + +Either a Samba machine or a Windows NT Server machine may be set up +as a WINS server. To set a Samba machine to be a WINS server you must +add the following option to the smb.conf file on the selected machine : +in the [globals] section add the line + + + + wins support = yes + + + +Versions of Samba previous to 1.9.17 had this parameter default to +yes. If you have any older versions of Samba on your network it is +strongly suggested you upgrade to 1.9.17 or above, or at the very +least set the parameter to 'no' on all these machines. + + + +Machines with "wins support = yes" will keep a list of +all NetBIOS names registered with them, acting as a DNS for NetBIOS names. + + + +You should set up only ONE wins server. Do NOT set the +"wins support = yes" option on more than one Samba +server. + + + +To set up a Windows NT Server as a WINS server you need to set up +the WINS service - see your NT documentation for details. Note that +Windows NT WINS Servers can replicate to each other, allowing more +than one to be set up in a complex subnet environment. As Microsoft +refuse to document these replication protocols Samba cannot currently +participate in these replications. It is possible in the future that +a Samba->Samba WINS replication protocol may be defined, in which +case more than one Samba machine could be set up as a WINS server +but currently only one Samba server should have the "wins support = yes" +parameter set. + + + +After the WINS server has been configured you must ensure that all +machines participating on the network are configured with the address +of this WINS server. If your WINS server is a Samba machine, fill in +the Samba machine IP address in the "Primary WINS Server" field of +the "Control Panel->Network->Protocols->TCP->WINS Server" dialogs +in Windows 95 or Windows NT. To tell a Samba server the IP address +of the WINS server add the following line to the [global] section of +all smb.conf files : + + + + wins server = >name or IP address< + + + +where >name or IP address< is either the DNS name of the WINS server +machine or its IP address. + + + +Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the smb.conf file of the Samba +server acting as the WINS server itself. If you set both the +"wins support = yes" option and the +"wins server = >name<" option then +nmbd will fail to start. + + + +There are two possible scenarios for setting up cross subnet browsing. +The first details setting up cross subnet browsing on a network containing +Windows 95, Samba and Windows NT machines that are not configured as +part of a Windows NT Domain. The second details setting up cross subnet +browsing on networks that contain NT Domains. + + + + + +Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP + + +To set up cross subnet browsing on a network containing machines +in up to be in a WORKGROUP, not an NT Domain you need to set up one +Samba server to be the Domain Master Browser (note that this is *NOT* +the same as a Primary Domain Controller, although in an NT Domain the +same machine plays both roles). The role of a Domain master browser is +to collate the browse lists from local master browsers on all the +subnets that have a machine participating in the workgroup. Without +one machine configured as a domain master browser each subnet would +be an isolated workgroup, unable to see any machines on any other +subnet. It is the presense of a domain master browser that makes +cross subnet browsing possible for a workgroup. + + + +In an WORKGROUP environment the domain master browser must be a +Samba server, and there must only be one domain master browser per +workgroup name. To set up a Samba server as a domain master browser, +set the following option in the [global] section of the smb.conf file : + + + + domain master = yes + + + +The domain master browser should also preferrably be the local master +browser for its own subnet. In order to achieve this set the following +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file : + + + + + domain master = yes + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65 + + + + +The domain master browser may be the same machine as the WINS +server, if you require. + + + +Next, you should ensure that each of the subnets contains a +machine that can act as a local master browser for the +workgroup. Any NT machine should be able to do this, as will +Windows 95 machines (although these tend to get rebooted more +often, so it's not such a good idea to use these). To make a +Samba server a local master browser set the following +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file : + + + + + domain master = no + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65 + + + + +Do not do this for more than one Samba server on each subnet, +or they will war with each other over which is to be the local +master browser. + + + +The "local master" parameter allows Samba to act as a local master +browser. The "preferred master" causes nmbd to force a browser +election on startup and the "os level" parameter sets Samba high +enough so that it should win any browser elections. + + + +If you have an NT machine on the subnet that you wish to +be the local master browser then you can disable Samba from +becoming a local master browser by setting the following +options in the [global] section of the smb.conf file : + + + + + domain master = no + local master = no + preferred master = no + os level = 0 + + + + + + +Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN + + +If you are adding Samba servers to a Windows NT Domain then +you must not set up a Samba server as a domain master browser. +By default, a Windows NT Primary Domain Controller for a Domain +name is also the Domain master browser for that name, and many +things will break if a Samba server registers the Domain master +browser NetBIOS name (DOMAIN>1B<) with WINS instead of the PDC. + + + +For subnets other than the one containing the Windows NT PDC +you may set up Samba servers as local master browsers as +described. To make a Samba server a local master browser set +the following options in the [global] section of the smb.conf +file : + + + + + domain master = no + local master = yes + preferred master = yes + os level = 65 + + + + +If you wish to have a Samba server fight the election with machines +on the same subnet you may set the "os level" parameter to lower +levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that +will become local master browsers if they are running. For +more details on this see the section "FORCING SAMBA TO BE THE MASTER" +below. + + + +If you have Windows NT machines that are members of the domain +on all subnets, and you are sure they will always be running then +you can disable Samba from taking part in browser elections and +ever becoming a local master browser by setting following options +in the [global] section of the smb.conf file : + + + + + domain master = no + local master = no + preferred master = no + os level = 0 + + + + + + +Forcing samba to be the master + + +Who becomes the "master browser" is determined by an election process +using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters +which determine what precedence (bias) a host should have in the +election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses +elections to just about anyone else. + + + +If you want Samba to win elections then just set the "os level" global +option in smb.conf to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34 +would make it win all elections over every other system (except other +samba systems!) + + + +A "os level" of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not NTAS. A +NTAS domain controller uses level 32. + + +The maximum os level is 255 + + +If you want samba to force an election on startup, then set the +"preferred master" global option in smb.conf to "yes". Samba will +then have a slight advantage over other potential master browsers +that are not preferred master browsers. Use this parameter with +care, as if you have two hosts (whether they are windows 95 or NT or +samba) on the same local subnet both set with "preferred master" to +"yes", then periodically and continually they will force an election +in order to become the local master browser. + + + +If you want samba to be a "domain master browser", then it is +recommended that you also set "preferred master" to "yes", because +samba will not become a domain master browser for the whole of your +LAN or WAN if it is not also a local master browser on its own +broadcast isolated subnet. + + + +It is possible to configure two samba servers to attempt to become +the domain master browser for a domain. The first server that comes +up will be the domain master browser. All other samba servers will +attempt to become the domain master browser every 5 minutes. They +will find that another samba server is already the domain master +browser and will fail. This provides automatic redundancy, should +the current domain master browser fail. + + + + + +Making samba the domain master + + +The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of +multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can +make samba act as the domain master by setting "domain master = yes" +in smb.conf. By default it will not be a domain master. + + + +Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a +workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain. + + + +When samba is the domain master and the master browser it will listen +for master announcements (made roughly every twelve minutes) from local +master browsers on other subnets and then contact them to synchronise +browse lists. + + + +If you want samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set +the "os level" high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set +"preferred master" to "yes", to get samba to force an election on +startup. + + + +Note that all your servers (including samba) and clients should be +using a WINS server to resolve NetBIOS names. If your clients are only +using broadcasting to resolve NetBIOS names, then two things will occur: + + + + + + your local master browsers will be unable to find a domain master + browser, as it will only be looking on the local subnet. + + + + + + if a client happens to get hold of a domain-wide browse list, and + a user attempts to access a host in that list, it will be unable to + resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. + + + + + +If, however, both samba and your clients are using a WINS server, then: + + + + + + your local master browsers will contact the WINS server and, as long as + samba has registered that it is a domain master browser with the WINS + server, your local master browser will receive samba's ip address + as its domain master browser. + + + + + + when a client receives a domain-wide browse list, and a user attempts + to access a host in that list, it will contact the WINS server to + resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. as long as that host has + registered its NetBIOS name with the same WINS server, the user will + be able to see that host. + + + + + + + +Note about broadcast addresses + + +If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it +ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups +does not seem to support a 0's broadcast and you will probably find +that browsing and name lookups won't work. + + + + +Multiple interfaces + + +Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you +have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the "interfaces" +option in smb.conf to configure them. See smb.conf(5) for details. + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Bugs.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Bugs.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..5a24458e08 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Bugs.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,202 @@ + + + + + + Samba Team + + + 27 June 1997 + + +Reporting Bugs + + +Introduction + + +The email address for bug reports is samba@samba.org + + + +Please take the time to read this file before you submit a bug +report. Also, please see if it has changed between releases, as we +may be changing the bug reporting mechanism at some time. + + + +Please also do as much as you can yourself to help track down the +bug. Samba is maintained by a dedicated group of people who volunteer +their time, skills and efforts. We receive far more mail about it than +we can possibly answer, so you have a much higher chance of an answer +and a fix if you send us a "developer friendly" bug report that lets +us fix it fast. + + + +Do not assume that if you post the bug to the comp.protocols.smb +newsgroup or the mailing list that we will read it. If you suspect that your +problem is not a bug but a configuration problem then it is better to send +it to the Samba mailing list, as there are (at last count) 5000 other users on +that list that may be able to help you. + + + +You may also like to look though the recent mailing list archives, +which are conveniently accessible on the Samba web pages +at http://samba.org/samba/ + + + + + +General info + + +Before submitting a bug report check your config for silly +errors. Look in your log files for obvious messages that tell you that +you've misconfigured something and run testparm to test your config +file for correct syntax. + + + +Have you run through the diagnosis? +This is very important. + + + +If you include part of a log file with your bug report then be sure to +annotate it with exactly what you were doing on the client at the +time, and exactly what the results were. + + + + + +Debug levels + + +If the bug has anything to do with Samba behaving incorrectly as a +server (like refusing to open a file) then the log files will probably +be very useful. Depending on the problem a log level of between 3 and +10 showing the problem may be appropriate. A higher level givesmore +detail, but may use too much disk space. + + + +To set the debug level use log level = in your +smb.conf. You may also find it useful to set the log +level higher for just one machine and keep separate logs for each machine. +To do this use: + + + +log level = 10 +log file = /usr/local/samba/lib/log.%m +include = /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.%m + + + +then create a file +/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf.machine where +"machine" is the name of the client you wish to debug. In that file +put any smb.conf commands you want, for example +log level= may be useful. This also allows you to +experiment with different security systems, protocol levels etc on just +one machine. + + + +The smb.conf entry log level = +is synonymous with the entry debuglevel = that has been +used in older versions of Samba and is being retained for backwards +compatibility of smb.conf files. + + + +As the log level = value is increased you will record +a significantly increasing level of debugging information. For most +debugging operations you may not need a setting higher than 3. Nearly +all bugs can be tracked at a setting of 10, but be prepared for a VERY +large volume of log data. + + + + + +Internal errors + + +If you get a "INTERNAL ERROR" message in your log files it means that +Samba got an unexpected signal while running. It is probably a +segmentation fault and almost certainly means a bug in Samba (unless +you have faulty hardware or system software) + + + +If the message came from smbd then it will probably be accompanied by +a message which details the last SMB message received by smbd. This +info is often very useful in tracking down the problem so please +include it in your bug report. + + + +You should also detail how to reproduce the problem, if +possible. Please make this reasonably detailed. + + + +You may also find that a core file appeared in a "corefiles" +subdirectory of the directory where you keep your samba log +files. This file is the most useful tool for tracking down the bug. To +use it you do this: + + +gdb smbd core + + +adding appropriate paths to smbd and core so gdb can find them. If you +don't have gdb then try "dbx". Then within the debugger use the +command "where" to give a stack trace of where the problem +occurred. Include this in your mail. + + + +If you known any assembly language then do a "disass" of the routine +where the problem occurred (if its in a library routine then +disassemble the routine that called it) and try to work out exactly +where the problem is by looking at the surrounding code. Even if you +don't know assembly then incuding this info in the bug report can be +useful. + + + + +Attaching to a running process + + +Unfortunately some unixes (in particular some recent linux kernels) +refuse to dump a core file if the task has changed uid (which smbd +does often). To debug with this sort of system you could try to attach +to the running process using "gdb smbd PID" where you get PID from +smbstatus. Then use "c" to continue and try to cause the core dump +using the client. The debugger should catch the fault and tell you +where it occurred. + + + + + +Patches + + +The best sort of bug report is one that includes a fix! If you send us +patches please use diff -u format if your version of +diff supports it, otherwise use diff -c4. Make sure +your do the diff against a clean version of the source and let me know +exactly what version you used. + + + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..20b2ccee08 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Diagnosis.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ + + + + AndrewTridgell + + Samba Team +
tridge@samba.org
+ + + 1 November 1999 + + +Diagnosing your samba server + + +Introduction + + +This file contains a list of tests you can perform to validate your +Samba server. It also tells you what the likely cause of the problem +is if it fails any one of these steps. If it passes all these tests +then it is probably working fine. + + + +You should do ALL the tests, in the order shown. I have tried to +carefully choose them so later tests only use capabilities verified in +the earlier tests. + + + +If you send me an email saying "it doesn't work" and you have not +followed this test procedure then you should not be surprised if I +ignore your email. + + + + + +Assumptions + + +In all of the tests I assume you have a Samba server called BIGSERVER +and a PC called ACLIENT both in workgroup TESTGROUP. I also assume the +PC is running windows for workgroups with a recent copy of the +microsoft tcp/ip stack. Alternatively, your PC may be running Windows +95 or Windows NT (Workstation or Server). + + + +The procedure is similar for other types of clients. + + + +I also assume you know the name of an available share in your +smb.conf. I will assume this share is called "tmp". You can add a +"tmp" share like by adding the following to smb.conf: + + + + +[tmp] + comment = temporary files + path = /tmp + read only = yes + + + + + +THESE TESTS ASSUME VERSION 2.0.6 OR LATER OF THE SAMBA SUITE. SOME +COMMANDS SHOWN DID NOT EXIST IN EARLIER VERSIONS + + + +Please pay attention to the error messages you receive. If any error message +reports that your server is being unfriendly you should first check that you +IP name resolution is correctly set up. eg: Make sure your /etc/resolv.conf +file points to name servers that really do exist. + + + +Also, if you do not have DNS server access for name resolution please check +that the settings for your smb.conf file results in "dns proxy = no". The +best way to check this is with "testparm smb.conf" + + + + + +Tests + + +Test 1 + +In the directory in which you store your smb.conf file, run the command +"testparm smb.conf". If it reports any errors then your smb.conf +configuration file is faulty. + + + +Note: Your smb.conf file may be located in: /etc + Or in: /usr/local/samba/lib + + + + +Test 2 + + +Run the command "ping BIGSERVER" from the PC and "ping ACLIENT" from +the unix box. If you don't get a valid response then your TCP/IP +software is not correctly installed. + + + +Note that you will need to start a "dos prompt" window on the PC to +run ping. + + + +If you get a message saying "host not found" or similar then your DNS +software or /etc/hosts file is not correctly setup. It is possible to +run samba without DNS entries for the server and client, but I assume +you do have correct entries for the remainder of these tests. + + + +Another reason why ping might fail is if your host is running firewall +software. You will need to relax the rules to let in the workstation +in question, perhaps by allowing access from another subnet (on Linux +this is done via the ipfwadm program.) + + + + +Test 3 + + +Run the command "smbclient -L BIGSERVER" on the unix box. You +should get a list of available shares back. + + + +If you get a error message containing the string "Bad password" then +you probably have either an incorrect "hosts allow", "hosts deny" or +"valid users" line in your smb.conf, or your guest account is not +valid. Check what your guest account is using "testparm" and +temporarily remove any "hosts allow", "hosts deny", "valid users" or +"invalid users" lines. + + + +If you get a "connection refused" response then the smbd server may +not be running. If you installed it in inetd.conf then you probably edited +that file incorrectly. If you installed it as a daemon then check that +it is running, and check that the netbios-ssn port is in a LISTEN +state using "netstat -a". + + + +If you get a "session request failed" then the server refused the +connection. If it says "Your server software is being unfriendly" then +its probably because you have invalid command line parameters to smbd, +or a similar fatal problem with the initial startup of smbd. Also +check your config file (smb.conf) for syntax errors with "testparm" +and that the various directories where samba keeps its log and lock +files exist. + + + +There are a number of reasons for which smbd may refuse or decline +a session request. The most common of these involve one or more of +the following smb.conf file entries: + + + + hosts deny = ALL + hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy + bind interfaces only = Yes + + + +In the above, no allowance has been made for any session requests that +will automatically translate to the loopback adaptor address 127.0.0.1. +To solve this problem change these lines to: + + + + hosts deny = ALL + hosts allow = xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/yy 127. + + + +Do NOT use the "bind interfaces only" parameter where you may wish to +use the samba password change facility, or where smbclient may need to +access local service for name resolution or for local resource +connections. (Note: the "bind interfaces only" parameter deficiency +where it will not allow connections to the loopback address will be +fixed soon). + + + +Another common cause of these two errors is having something already running +on port 139, such as Samba (ie: smbd is running from inetd already) or +something like Digital's Pathworks. Check your inetd.conf file before trying +to start smbd as a daemon, it can avoid a lot of frustration! + + + +And yet another possible cause for failure of TEST 3 is when the subnet mask +and / or broadcast address settings are incorrect. Please check that the +network interface IP Address / Broadcast Address / Subnet Mask settings are +correct and that Samba has correctly noted these in the log.nmb file. + + + + + +Test 4 + + +Run the command "nmblookup -B BIGSERVER __SAMBA__". You should get the +IP address of your Samba server back. + + + +If you don't then nmbd is incorrectly installed. Check your inetd.conf +if you run it from there, or that the daemon is running and listening +to udp port 137. + + + +One common problem is that many inetd implementations can't take many +parameters on the command line. If this is the case then create a +one-line script that contains the right parameters and run that from +inetd. + + + + + +Test 5 + +run the command nmblookup -B ACLIENT '*' + + +You should get the PCs IP address back. If you don't then the client +software on the PC isn't installed correctly, or isn't started, or you +got the name of the PC wrong. + + + +If ACLIENT doesn't resolve via DNS then use the IP address of the +client in the above test. + + + + + +Test 6 + + +Run the command nmblookup -d 2 '*' + + + +This time we are trying the same as the previous test but are trying +it via a broadcast to the default broadcast address. A number of +Netbios/TCPIP hosts on the network should respond, although Samba may +not catch all of the responses in the short time it listens. You +should see "got a positive name query response" messages from several +hosts. + + + +If this doesn't give a similar result to the previous test then +nmblookup isn't correctly getting your broadcast address through its +automatic mechanism. In this case you should experiment use the +"interfaces" option in smb.conf to manually configure your IP +address, broadcast and netmask. + + + +If your PC and server aren't on the same subnet then you will need to +use the -B option to set the broadcast address to the that of the PCs +subnet. + + + +This test will probably fail if your subnet mask and broadcast address are +not correct. (Refer to TEST 3 notes above). + + + + + +Test 7 + + +Run the command smbclient //BIGSERVER/TMP. You should +then be prompted for a password. You should use the password of the account +you are logged into the unix box with. If you want to test with +another account then add the -U >accountname< option to the end of +the command line. eg: +smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe + + + +Note: It is possible to specify the password along with the username +as follows: +smbclient //bigserver/tmp -Ujohndoe%secret + + + +Once you enter the password you should get the "smb>" prompt. If you +don't then look at the error message. If it says "invalid network +name" then the service "tmp" is not correctly setup in your smb.conf. + + + +If it says "bad password" then the likely causes are: + + + + + + you have shadow passords (or some other password system) but didn't + compile in support for them in smbd + + + + + + your "valid users" configuration is incorrect + + + + + + you have a mixed case password and you haven't enabled the "password + level" option at a high enough level + + + + + + the "path =" line in smb.conf is incorrect. Check it with testparm + + + + + + you enabled password encryption but didn't create the SMB encrypted + password file + + + + + +Once connected you should be able to use the commands +dir get put etc. +Type help >command< for instructions. You should +especially check that the amount of free disk space shown is correct +when you type dir. + + + + + +Test 8 + + +On the PC type the command net view \\BIGSERVER. You will +need to do this from within a "dos prompt" window. You should get back a +list of available shares on the server. + + + +If you get a "network name not found" or similar error then netbios +name resolution is not working. This is usually caused by a problem in +nmbd. To overcome it you could do one of the following (you only need +to choose one of them): + + + + + fixup the nmbd installation + + + + add the IP address of BIGSERVER to the "wins server" box in the + advanced tcp/ip setup on the PC. + + + + enable windows name resolution via DNS in the advanced section of + the tcp/ip setup + + + + add BIGSERVER to your lmhosts file on the PC. + + + + +If you get a "invalid network name" or "bad password error" then the +same fixes apply as they did for the "smbclient -L" test above. In +particular, make sure your "hosts allow" line is correct (see the man +pages) + + + +Also, do not overlook that fact that when the workstation requests the +connection to the samba server it will attempt to connect using the +name with which you logged onto your Windows machine. You need to make +sure that an account exists on your Samba server with that exact same +name and password. + + + +If you get "specified computer is not receiving requests" or similar +it probably means that the host is not contactable via tcp services. +Check to see if the host is running tcp wrappers, and if so add an entry in +the hosts.allow file for your client (or subnet, etc.) + + + + + +Test 9 + + +Run the command net use x: \\BIGSERVER\TMP. You should +be prompted for a password then you should get a "command completed +successfully" message. If not then your PC software is incorrectly +installed or your smb.conf is incorrect. make sure your "hosts allow" +and other config lines in smb.conf are correct. + + + +It's also possible that the server can't work out what user name to +connect you as. To see if this is the problem add the line "user = +USERNAME" to the [tmp] section of smb.conf where "USERNAME" is the +username corresponding to the password you typed. If you find this +fixes things you may need the username mapping option. + + + + + +Test 10 + + +Run the command nmblookup -M TESTGROUP where +TESTGROUP is the name of the workgroup that your Samba server and +Windows PCs belong to. You should get back the IP address of the +master browser for that workgroup. + + + +If you don't then the election process has failed. Wait a minute to +see if it is just being slow then try again. If it still fails after +that then look at the browsing options you have set in smb.conf. Make +sure you have preferred master = yes to ensure that +an election is held at startup. + + + + + +Test 11 + + +From file manager try to browse the server. Your samba server should +appear in the browse list of your local workgroup (or the one you +specified in smb.conf). You should be able to double click on the name +of the server and get a list of shares. If you get a "invalid +password" error when you do then you are probably running WinNT and it +is refusing to browse a server that has no encrypted password +capability and is in user level security mode. In this case either set +security = server AND +password server = Windows_NT_Machine in your +smb.conf file, or enable encrypted passwords AFTER compiling in support +for encrypted passwords (refer to the Makefile). + + + + + + +Still having troubles? + + +Try the mailing list or newsgroup, or use the ethereal utility to +sniff the problem. The official samba mailing list can be reached at +samba@samba.org. To find +out more about samba and how to subscribe to the mailing list check +out the samba web page at +http://samba.org/samba + + + +Also look at the other docs in the Samba package! + + + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..cb7e5cdfb7 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Printing.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,398 @@ + + + + PatrickPowell + +
papowell@lprng.org
+ + + 11 August 2000 + + +Debugging Printing Problems + + +Introduction + + +This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with +Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB +client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse +see the examples/printing directory. + + + +Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first +thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any +printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client +and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC +then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command +you use is up to you. + + + +The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most +relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page) +are: + + + + [global] + print command - send a file to a spooler + lpq command - get spool queue status + lprm command - remove a job + [printers] + path = /var/spool/lpd/samba + + + +The following are nice to know about: + + + + queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue + queueresume command - start a printer or print queue + + + +Example: + + + + print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s + lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s + lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j + queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop + queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start + + + +Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your +system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you +have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should +always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have +the correct PATH values. + + + +When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary +copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section. +and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option +requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If +printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory, +and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq +command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job +by the spooler. + + + +The %>letter< are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate +values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool +file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the +printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from +the lpq output. + + + + + +Debugging printer problems + + +One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these +command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents +of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might +be: + + + + print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s + + #!/bin/saveprint + # we make sure that we are the right user + /usr/bin/id -p >/tmp/tmp.print + # we run the command and save the error messages + # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system + /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2>>&/tmp/tmp.print + + + +Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the +print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status +and remove the job: + + + + +h4: {42} % echo hi >/tmp/hi +h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4 +added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 +Password: +Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7] +smb: \> print /tmp/hi +putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s) +smb: \> queue +1049 3 hi-17534 +smb: \> cancel 1049 +Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0 +smb: \> cancel 1049 +Job 1049 cancelled +smb: \> queue +smb: \> exit + + + +The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment +by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this. +You can observe the command output and then and look at the +/tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly +find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people +have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on +various print queues. + + + + +What printers do I have? + + +You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer +name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can +use: + + + + testprns printer /etc/printcap + + + +Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program. +You can try the following to see the format of the extracted +information: + + + + testprns -a printer /etc/printcap + + testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap' + + + + + +Setting up printcap and print servers + + +You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use. +It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by +the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information. + + + +Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap +information. This printcap information has the format: + + + + name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:... + + + +For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed +only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also +allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the +printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment' +about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines +to extend the printcap to multiple lines. + + + +Here are some examples of printcap files: + + + + + +pr just printer name + + +pr|alias printer name and alias + + +pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment + + +pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing + :cm= \ + testing + + +pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing + :cm= testing + + + + + +Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make +changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following: + + + + + +make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes. +The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this. + + + +make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the +correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f' +command to do this. + + + +You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have +it reread the printcap information. + + + + + + +Job sent, no output + + +This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the +job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around +the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer. + + + +First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the +right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler, +you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be +submitted, but they will not be printed. Use: + + + + lpc -Pprinter stop + + + +Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the +job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then +you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing. + + + +Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really +was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view +the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these +are not in what you would expect to call a printable format. +You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job +format actually is: + + + + cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs + ls # find job files + file dfA001myhost + + + +You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that +your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will +convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer. + + + + + +Job sent, strange output + + +Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about +making it print nicely. + + + +The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages +OR blank pages at the end. + + + +If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the +printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners. +If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner +page) option. You should have the following in your printer. + + + + printer: ... :sh + + + +If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there +is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you +automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled +for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software +or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer. + + + +If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems +with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs, +incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client. +For example, under Win95 there is a option: + + + + Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced| + + + +that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs. +This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will +automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as +PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output. + + + + + +Raw PostScript printed + + +This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling +system putting information at the start of the print job that makes +the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply +does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic +Format Detection' on your printer. + + + + + +Advanced Printing + + +Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your +imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts. +Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print +command shell script. You could even make the print command detect +the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate +printer. + + + + + +Real debugging + + +If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in +the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory. + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/Speed.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Speed.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..17adf10429 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/Speed.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,578 @@ + + + + + + Samba Team +
samba@samba.org
+ + + + PaulCochrane + + Dundee Limb Fitting Centre +
paulc@dth.scot.nhs.uk
+ + + + +Samba performance issues + + +Comparisons + + +The Samba server uses TCP to talk to the client. Thus if you are +trying to see if it performs well you should really compare it to +programs that use the same protocol. The most readily available +programs for file transfer that use TCP are ftp or another TCP based +SMB server. + + + +If you want to test against something like a NT or WfWg server then +you will have to disable all but TCP on either the client or +server. Otherwise you may well be using a totally different protocol +(such as Netbeui) and comparisons may not be valid. + + + +Generally you should find that Samba performs similarly to ftp at raw +transfer speed. It should perform quite a bit faster than NFS, +although this very much depends on your system. + + + +Several people have done comparisons between Samba and Novell, NFS or +WinNT. In some cases Samba performed the best, in others the worst. I +suspect the biggest factor is not Samba vs some other system but the +hardware and drivers used on the various systems. Given similar +hardware Samba should certainly be competitive in speed with other +systems. + + + + + +Oplocks + + +Overview + + +Oplocks are the way that SMB clients get permission from a server to +locally cache file operations. If a server grants an oplock +(opportunistic lock) then the client is free to assume that it is the +only one accessing the file and it will agressively cache file +data. With some oplock types the client may even cache file open/close +operations. This can give enormous performance benefits. + + + +With the release of Samba 1.9.18 we now correctly support opportunistic +locks. This is turned on by default, and can be turned off on a share- +by-share basis by setting the parameter : + + + +oplocks = False + + + +We recommend that you leave oplocks on however, as current benchmark +tests with NetBench seem to give approximately a 30% improvement in +speed with them on. This is on average however, and the actual +improvement seen can be orders of magnitude greater, depending on +what the client redirector is doing. + + + +Previous to Samba 1.9.18 there was a 'fake oplocks' option. This +option has been left in the code for backwards compatibility reasons +but it's use is now deprecated. A short summary of what the old +code did follows. + + + + + +Level2 Oplocks + + +With Samba 2.0.5 a new capability - level2 (read only) oplocks is +supported (although the option is off by default - see the smb.conf +man page for details). Turning on level2 oplocks (on a share-by-share basis) +by setting the parameter : + + + +level2 oplocks = true + + + +should speed concurrent access to files that are not commonly written +to, such as application serving shares (ie. shares that contain common +.EXE files - such as a Microsoft Office share) as it allows clients to +read-ahread cache copies of these files. + + + + + +Old 'fake oplocks' option - deprecated + + +Samba can also fake oplocks, by granting a oplock whenever a client +asks for one. This is controlled using the smb.conf option "fake +oplocks". If you set "fake oplocks = yes" then you are telling the +client that it may agressively cache the file data for all opens. + + + +Enabling 'fake oplocks' on all read-only shares or shares that you know +will only be accessed from one client at a time you will see a big +performance improvement on many operations. If you enable this option +on shares where multiple clients may be accessing the files read-write +at the same time you can get data corruption. + + + + + + +Socket options + + +There are a number of socket options that can greatly affect the +performance of a TCP based server like Samba. + + + +The socket options that Samba uses are settable both on the command +line with the -O option, or in the smb.conf file. + + + +The "socket options" section of the smb.conf manual page describes how +to set these and gives recommendations. + + + +Getting the socket options right can make a big difference to your +performance, but getting them wrong can degrade it by just as +much. The correct settings are very dependent on your local network. + + + +The socket option TCP_NODELAY is the one that seems to make the +biggest single difference for most networks. Many people report that +adding "socket options = TCP_NODELAY" doubles the read performance of +a Samba drive. The best explanation I have seen for this is that the +Microsoft TCP/IP stack is slow in sending tcp ACKs. + + + + + +Read size + + +The option "read size" affects the overlap of disk reads/writes with +network reads/writes. If the amount of data being transferred in +several of the SMB commands (currently SMBwrite, SMBwriteX and +SMBreadbraw) is larger than this value then the server begins writing +the data before it has received the whole packet from the network, or +in the case of SMBreadbraw, it begins writing to the network before +all the data has been read from disk. + + + +This overlapping works best when the speeds of disk and network access +are similar, having very little effect when the speed of one is much +greater than the other. + + + +The default value is 16384, but very little experimentation has been +done yet to determine the optimal value, and it is likely that the best +value will vary greatly between systems anyway. A value over 65536 is +pointless and will cause you to allocate memory unnecessarily. + + + + + +Max xmit + + +At startup the client and server negotiate a "maximum transmit" size, +which limits the size of nearly all SMB commands. You can set the +maximum size that Samba will negotiate using the "max xmit = " option +in smb.conf. Note that this is the maximum size of SMB request that +Samba will accept, but not the maximum size that the *client* will accept. +The client maximum receive size is sent to Samba by the client and Samba +honours this limit. + + + +It defaults to 65536 bytes (the maximum), but it is possible that some +clients may perform better with a smaller transmit unit. Trying values +of less than 2048 is likely to cause severe problems. + + + +In most cases the default is the best option. + + + + + +Locking + + +By default Samba does not implement strict locking on each read/write +call (although it did in previous versions). If you enable strict +locking (using "strict locking = yes") then you may find that you +suffer a severe performance hit on some systems. + + + +The performance hit will probably be greater on NFS mounted +filesystems, but could be quite high even on local disks. + + + + + +Share modes + + +Some people find that opening files is very slow. This is often +because of the "share modes" code needed to fully implement the dos +share modes stuff. You can disable this code using "share modes = +no". This will gain you a lot in opening and closing files but will +mean that (in some cases) the system won't force a second user of a +file to open the file read-only if the first has it open +read-write. For many applications that do their own locking this +doesn't matter, but for some it may. Most Windows applications +depend heavily on "share modes" working correctly and it is +recommended that the Samba share mode support be left at the +default of "on". + + + +The share mode code in Samba has been re-written in the 1.9.17 +release following tests with the Ziff-Davis NetBench PC Benchmarking +tool. It is now believed that Samba 1.9.17 implements share modes +similarly to Windows NT. + + + +NOTE: In the most recent versions of Samba there is an option to use +shared memory via mmap() to implement the share modes. This makes +things much faster. See the Makefile for how to enable this. + + + + + +Log level + + +If you set the log level (also known as "debug level") higher than 2 +then you may suffer a large drop in performance. This is because the +server flushes the log file after each operation, which can be very +expensive. + + + + +Wide lines + + +The "wide links" option is now enabled by default, but if you disable +it (for better security) then you may suffer a performance hit in +resolving filenames. The performance loss is lessened if you have +"getwd cache = yes", which is now the default. + + + + + +Read raw + + +The "read raw" operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency +file read operation. A server may choose to not support it, +however. and Samba makes support for "read raw" optional, with it +being enabled by default. + + + +In some cases clients don't handle "read raw" very well and actually +get lower performance using it than they get using the conventional +read operations. + + + +So you might like to try "read raw = no" and see what happens on your +network. It might lower, raise or not affect your performance. Only +testing can really tell. + + + + + +Write raw + + +The "write raw" operation is designed to be an optimised, low-latency +file write operation. A server may choose to not support it, +however. and Samba makes support for "write raw" optional, with it +being enabled by default. + + + +Some machines may find "write raw" slower than normal write, in which +case you may wish to change this option. + + + + + +Read prediction + + +Samba can do read prediction on some of the SMB commands. Read +prediction means that Samba reads some extra data on the last file it +read while waiting for the next SMB command to arrive. It can then +respond more quickly when the next read request arrives. + + + +This is disabled by default. You can enable it by using "read +prediction = yes". + + + +Note that read prediction is only used on files that were opened read +only. + + + +Read prediction should particularly help for those silly clients (such +as "Write" under NT) which do lots of very small reads on a file. + + + +Samba will not read ahead more data than the amount specified in the +"read size" option. It always reads ahead on 1k block boundaries. + + + + + +Memory mapping + + +Samba supports reading files via memory mapping them. One some +machines this can give a large boost to performance, on others it +makes not difference at all, and on some it may reduce performance. + + + +To enable you you have to recompile Samba with the -DUSE_MMAP option +on the FLAGS line of the Makefile. + + + +Note that memory mapping is only used on files opened read only, and +is not used by the "read raw" operation. Thus you may find memory +mapping is more effective if you disable "read raw" using "read raw = +no". + + + + + +Slow Clients + + +One person has reported that setting the protocol to COREPLUS rather +than LANMAN2 gave a dramatic speed improvement (from 10k/s to 150k/s). + + + +I suspect that his PC's (386sx16 based) were asking for more data than +they could chew. I suspect a similar speed could be had by setting +"read raw = no" and "max xmit = 2048", instead of changing the +protocol. Lowering the "read size" might also help. + + + + + +Slow Logins + + +Slow logins are almost always due to the password checking time. Using +the lowest practical "password level" will improve things a lot. You +could also enable the "UFC crypt" option in the Makefile. + + + + + +Client tuning + + +Often a speed problem can be traced to the client. The client (for +example Windows for Workgroups) can often be tuned for better TCP +performance. + + + +See your client docs for details. In particular, I have heard rumours +that the WfWg options TCPWINDOWSIZE and TCPSEGMENTSIZE can have a +large impact on performance. + + + +Also note that some people have found that setting DefaultRcvWindow in +the [MSTCP] section of the SYSTEM.INI file under WfWg to 3072 gives a +big improvement. I don't know why. + + + +My own experience wth DefaultRcvWindow is that I get much better +performance with a large value (16384 or larger). Other people have +reported that anything over 3072 slows things down enourmously. One +person even reported a speed drop of a factor of 30 when he went from +3072 to 8192. I don't know why. + + + +It probably depends a lot on your hardware, and the type of unix box +you have at the other end of the link. + + + +Paul Cochrane has done some testing on client side tuning and come +to the following conclusions: + + + +Install the W2setup.exe file from www.microsoft.com. This is an +update for the winsock stack and utilities which improve performance. + + + +Configure the win95 TCPIP registry settings to give better +perfomance. I use a program called MTUSPEED.exe which I got off the +net. There are various other utilities of this type freely available. +The setting which give the best performance for me are: + + + + +MaxMTU Remove + + +RWIN Remove + + +MTUAutoDiscover Disable + + +MTUBlackHoleDetect Disable + + +Time To Live Enabled + + +Time To Live - HOPS 32 + + +NDI Cache Size 0 + + + + +I tried virtually all of the items mentioned in the document and +the only one which made a difference to me was the socket options. It +turned out I was better off without any!!!!! + + + +In terms of overall speed of transfer, between various win95 clients +and a DX2-66 20MB server with a crappy NE2000 compatible and old IDE +drive (Kernel 2.0.30). The transfer rate was reasonable for 10 baseT. + + + +FIXME +The figures are: Put Get +P166 client 3Com card: 420-440kB/s 500-520kB/s +P100 client 3Com card: 390-410kB/s 490-510kB/s +DX4-75 client NE2000: 370-380kB/s 330-350kB/s + + + +I based these test on transfer two files a 4.5MB text file and a 15MB +textfile. The results arn't bad considering the hardware Samba is +running on. It's a crap machine!!!! + + + +The updates mentioned in 1 and 2 brought up the transfer rates from +just over 100kB/s in some clients. + + + +A new client is a P333 connected via a 100MB/s card and hub. The +transfer rates from this were good: 450-500kB/s on put and 600+kB/s +on get. + + + +Looking at standard FTP throughput, Samba is a bit slower (100kB/s +upwards). I suppose there is more going on in the samba protocol, but +if it could get up to the rate of FTP the perfomance would be quite +staggering. + + + + + +My Results + + +Some people want to see real numbers in a document like this, so here +they are. I have a 486sx33 client running WfWg 3.11 with the 3.11b +tcp/ip stack. It has a slow IDE drive and 20Mb of ram. It has a SMC +Elite-16 ISA bus ethernet card. The only WfWg tuning I've done is to +set DefaultRcvWindow in the [MSTCP] section of system.ini to 16384. My +server is a 486dx3-66 running Linux. It also has 20Mb of ram and a SMC +Elite-16 card. You can see my server config in the examples/tridge/ +subdirectory of the distribution. + + + +I get 490k/s on reading a 8Mb file with copy. +I get 441k/s writing the same file to the samba server. + + + +Of course, there's a lot more to benchmarks than 2 raw throughput +figures, but it gives you a ballpark figure. + + + +I've also tested Win95 and WinNT, and found WinNT gave me the best +speed as a samba client. The fastest client of all (for me) is +smbclient running on another linux box. Maybe I'll add those results +here someday ... + + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml index 28baa7f609..0ec9efe014 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/samba-doc.sgml @@ -13,6 +13,12 @@ + + + + + + ]> @@ -31,7 +37,7 @@ Abstract -Last Update : Mon Apr 1 08:47:26 CST 2002 +Last Update : Thu Aug 15 12:48:45 CDT 2002 @@ -58,18 +64,24 @@ Cheers, jerry &UNIX-INSTALL; +&Diagnosis; &IntegratingWithWindows; &Samba-PAM; &MS-Dfs-Setup; &NT-Security; &PRINTER-DRIVER2; +&PRINTING; +&SECURITY-LEVEL; &DOMAIN-MEMBER; +&WINBIND; &Samba-PDC-HOWTO; &Samba-BDC-HOWTO; &Samba-LDAP; -&WINBIND; +&BROWSING; +&SPEED; &OS2-Client; &CVS-Access; +&BUGS; &INDEX-FILE; diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/security_level.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/security_level.sgml new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..46a2ad7fe4 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/security_level.sgml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + + AndrewTridgell + + Samba Team +
samba@samba.org
+ + + + +Security levels + + +Introduction + + +Samba supports the following options to the global smb.conf parameter + + + +[global] +security = [share|user(default)|domain|ads] + + + +Please refer to the smb.conf man page for usage information and to the document +DOMAIN_MEMBER.html for further background details +on domain mode security. The Windows 2000 Kerberos domain security model +(security = ads) is described in the ADS-HOWTO.html. + + + +Of the above, "security = server" means that Samba reports to clients that +it is running in "user mode" but actually passes off all authentication +requests to another "user mode" server. This requires an additional +parameter "password server =" that points to the real authentication server. +That real authentication server can be another Samba server or can be a +Windows NT server, the later natively capable of encrypted password support. + + + + + +More complete description of security levels + + +A SMB server tells the client at startup what "security level" it is +running. There are two options "share level" and "user level". Which +of these two the client receives affects the way the client then tries +to authenticate itself. It does not directly affect (to any great +extent) the way the Samba server does security. I know this is +strange, but it fits in with the client/server approach of SMB. In SMB +everything is initiated and controlled by the client, and the server +can only tell the client what is available and whether an action is +allowed. + + + +I'll describe user level security first, as its simpler. In user level +security the client will send a "session setup" command directly after +the protocol negotiation. This contains a username and password. The +server can either accept or reject that username/password +combination. Note that at this stage the server has no idea what +share the client will eventually try to connect to, so it can't base +the "accept/reject" on anything other than: + + + +the username/password +the machine that the client is coming from + + + +If the server accepts the username/password then the client expects to +be able to mount any share (using a "tree connection") without +specifying a password. It expects that all access rights will be as +the username/password specified in the "session setup". + + + +It is also possible for a client to send multiple "session setup" +requests. When the server responds it gives the client a "uid" to use +as an authentication tag for that username/password. The client can +maintain multiple authentication contexts in this way (WinDD is an +example of an application that does this) + + + +Ok, now for share level security. In share level security the client +authenticates itself separately for each share. It will send a +password along with each "tree connection" (share mount). It does not +explicitly send a username with this operation. The client is +expecting a password to be associated with each share, independent of +the user. This means that samba has to work out what username the +client probably wants to use. It is never explicitly sent the +username. Some commercial SMB servers such as NT actually associate +passwords directly with shares in share level security, but samba +always uses the unix authentication scheme where it is a +username/password that is authenticated, not a "share/password". + + + +Many clients send a "session setup" even if the server is in share +level security. They normally send a valid username but no +password. Samba records this username in a list of "possible +usernames". When the client then does a "tree connection" it also adds +to this list the name of the share they try to connect to (useful for +home directories) and any users listed in the "user =" smb.conf +line. The password is then checked in turn against these "possible +usernames". If a match is found then the client is authenticated as +that user. + + + +Finally "server level" security. In server level security the samba +server reports to the client that it is in user level security. The +client then does a "session setup" as described earlier. The samba +server takes the username/password that the client sends and attempts +to login to the "password server" by sending exactly the same +username/password that it got from the client. If that server is in +user level security and accepts the password then samba accepts the +clients connection. This allows the samba server to use another SMB +server as the "password server". + + + +You should also note that at the very start of all this, where the +server tells the client what security level it is in, it also tells +the client if it supports encryption. If it does then it supplies the +client with a random "cryptkey". The client will then send all +passwords in encrypted form. You have to compile samba with encryption +enabled to support this feature, and you have to maintain a separate +smbpasswd file with SMB style encrypted passwords. It is +cryptographically impossible to translate from unix style encryption +to SMB style encryption, although there are some fairly simple management +schemes by which the two could be kept in sync. + + + diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/winbind.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/winbind.sgml index 62e065914b..d70c1a3679 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/winbind.sgml +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/winbind.sgml @@ -23,9 +23,19 @@
jtrostel@snapserver.com
- - - 16 Oct 2000 + + NaagMummaneni + +
getnag@rediffmail.com
+ + + + JelmerVernooij + +
jelmer@nl.linux.org
+ + + 27 June 2002 Unified Logons between Windows NT and UNIX using Winbind @@ -489,6 +499,13 @@ I also found it necessary to make the following symbolic link: root# ln -s /lib/libnss_winbind.so /lib/libnss_winbind.so.2 +And, in the case of Sun solaris: + +root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1 +root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.1 +root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.2 + + Now, as root you need to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf to allow user and group entries to be visible from the winbindd @@ -682,14 +699,18 @@ The same thing can be done for groups with the command -Fix the <filename>/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb</filename> startup files +Fix the init.d startup scripts + + +Linux The winbindd daemon needs to start up after the smbd and nmbd daemons are running. -To accomplish this task, you need to modify the /etc/init.d/smb +To accomplish this task, you need to modify the startup scripts of your system. They are located at /etc/init.d/smb in RedHat and +/etc/init.d/samba in Debian. script to add commands to invoke this daemon in the proper sequence. My -/etc/init.d/smb file starts up smbd, +startup script starts up smbd, nmbd, and winbindd from the /usr/local/samba/bin directory directly. The 'start' function in the script looks like this: @@ -744,18 +765,79 @@ stop() { return $RETVAL } + + + +Solaris +On solaris, you need to modify the +/etc/init.d/samba.server startup script. It usually +only starts smbd and nmbd but should now start winbindd too. If you +have samba installed in /usr/local/samba/bin, +the file could contains something like this: + + + +## +## samba.server +## + +if [ ! -d /usr/bin ] +then # /usr not mounted + exit +fi + +killproc() { # kill the named process(es) + pid=`/usr/bin/ps -e | + /usr/bin/grep -w $1 | + /usr/bin/sed -e 's/^ *//' -e 's/ .*//'` + [ "$pid" != "" ] && kill $pid +} + +# Start/stop processes required for samba server + +case "$1" in + +'start') +# +# Edit these lines to suit your installation (paths, workgroup, host) +# +echo Starting SMBD + /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D -s \ + /usr/local/samba/smb.conf + +echo Starting NMBD + /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D -l \ + /usr/local/samba/var/log -s /usr/local/samba/smb.conf + +echo Starting Winbind Daemon + /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd + ;; + +'stop') + killproc nmbd + killproc smbd + killproc winbindd + ;; + +*) + echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/samba.server { start | stop }" + ;; +esac + + + + +Restarting If you restart the smbd, nmbd, and winbindd daemons at this point, you should be able to connect to the samba server as a domain member just as if you were a local user. - + - - Configure Winbind and PAM @@ -781,13 +863,17 @@ by invoking the command from the ../source directory. The pam_winbind.so file should be copied to the location of your other pam security modules. On my RedHat system, this was the -/lib/security directory. +/lib/security directory. On Solaris, the pam security +modules reside in /usr/lib/security. root# cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /lib/security + +Linux/FreeBSD-specific PAM configuration + The /etc/pam.d/samba file does not need to be changed. I just left this fileas it was: @@ -875,6 +961,92 @@ line after the winbind.so line to get rid of annoying double prompts for passwords. + + + +Solaris-specific configuration + + +The /etc/pam.conf needs to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain +users can logon both locally as well as telnet.The following are the changes +that I made.You can customize the pam.conf file as per your requirements,but +be sure of those changes because in the worst case it will leave your system +nearly impossible to boot. + + + +# +#ident "@(#)pam.conf 1.14 99/09/16 SMI" +# +# Copyright (c) 1996-1999, Sun Microsystems, Inc. +# All Rights Reserved. +# +# PAM configuration +# +# Authentication management +# +login auth required /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +login auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_dial_auth.so.1 try_first_pass +# +rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +rlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 +rlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +dtlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +dtlogin auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +rsh auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1 +other auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass +# +# Account management +# +login account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +login account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +login account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +dtlogin account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +dtlogin account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +dtlogin account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +other account sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other account requisite /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 +other account required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Session management +# +other session required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Password management +# +#other password sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so +other password required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +dtsession auth required /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 +# +# Support for Kerberos V5 authentication (uncomment to use Kerberos) +# +#rlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#login auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#dtlogin auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#other auth optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass +#dtlogin account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other session optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 +#other password optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass + + + +I also added a try_first_pass line after the winbind.so line to get rid of +annoying double prompts for passwords. + + + +Now restart your Samba & try connecting through your application that you +configured in the pam.conf. + + + -- cgit