From d9613a1a3c37dca9f695b1361a0fd5d2b3f503cd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: John Terpstra Date: Fri, 4 Apr 2003 05:12:33 +0000 Subject: Updated CUPS info from Kurt Pfiefle's Samba-2.2 docs. (This used to be commit ec8f717f7760f2e40da6b32b12c6b40872b81190) --- docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml | 553 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++---- 1 file changed, 492 insertions(+), 61 deletions(-) (limited to 'docs/docbook') diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml index a932127d94..65f18dc385 100644 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml +++ b/docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml @@ -49,10 +49,65 @@ In any case, let us now move on to explore how one may configure CUPS for interf with MS Windows print clients via Samba. + +CUPS is a newcomer in the UNIX printing scene, +which has convinced many people upon first trial already. However, it has quite a few +new features, which make it different from other, more traditional printing systems. + + -CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode +Configuring <filename>smb.conf</filename> for CUPS + + +Printing with CUPS in the most basic smb.conf +setup in Samba-3 only needs two settings: printing = cups and +printcap = cups. While CUPS itself doesn't need a printcap +anymore, the cupsd.conf configuration file knows two directives +(example: Printcap /etc/printcap and PrintcapFormat +BSD), which control if such a file should be created for the +convenience of third party applications. Make sure it is set! For details see +man cupsd.conf and other CUPS-related documentation. + + + +If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then printcap = cups uses the +CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V commands +with an additional -oraw option for printing. On a Linux system, +you can use the ldd command to find out details (ldd may not be +present on other OS platforms, or its function may be embodied by a different command): + + + +transmeta:/home/kurt # ldd `which smbd` + libssl.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.6 (0x4002d000) + libcrypto.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.6 (0x4005a000) + libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x40123000) + libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x401e8000) + libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x401ec000) + libpam.so.0 => /lib/libpam.so.0 (0x40202000) + libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4020b000) + /lib/ld-linux.so.2 => /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000) + + + +The line "libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 +(0x40123000)" shows there is CUPS support compiled into this version of +Samba. If this is the case, and printing = cups is set, then any +otherwise manually set print command in smb.conf is ignored. + + + + +CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode + + + +When used in raw print through mode is will be necessary to use the printer +vendor's drivers in each Windows client PC. + + When CUPS printers are configured for RAW print-through mode operation it is the @@ -245,6 +300,380 @@ for the mailing, etc.). + +CUPS as a network PostScript RIP -- CUPS drivers working on server, Adobe +PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs downloaded to clients + + + +CUPS is perfectly able to use PPD files (PostScript +Printer Descriptions). PPDs can control all print device options. They +are usually provided by the manufacturer -- if you own a PostSript printer, +that is. PPD files are always a component of PostScript printer drivers on MS +Windows or Apple Mac OS systems. They are ASCII files containing +user-selectable print options, mapped to appropriate PostScript, PCL or PJL +commands for the target printer. Printer driver GUI dialogs translate these +options "on-the-fly" into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to +select. + + + +CUPS can load, without any conversions, the PPD file from +any Windows (NT is recommended) PostScript driver and handle the options. +There is a web browser interface to the print options (select +http://localhost:631/printers/ and click on one "Configure Printer" button +to see it), a commandline interface (see man lpoptions or +try if you have lphelp on your system) plus some different GUI frontends on Linux +UNIX, which can present PPD options to the users. PPD options are normally +meant to become evaluated by the PostScript RIP on the real PostScript +printer. + + + +CUPS doesn't stop at "real" PostScript printers in its +usage of PPDs. The CUPS developers have extended the PPD concept, to also +describe available device and driver options for non-PostScript printers +through CUPS-PPDs. + + + +This is logical, as CUPS includes a fully featured +PostScript interpreter (RIP). This RIP is based on Ghostscript. It can +process all received PostScript (and additionally many other file formats) +from clients. All CUPS-PPDs geared to non-PostScript printers contain an +additional line, starting with the keyword *cupsFilter. +This line +tells the CUPS print system which printer-specific filter to use for the +interpretation of the accompanying PostScript. Thus CUPS lets all its +printers appear as PostScript devices to its clients, because it can act as a +PostScript RIP for those printers, processing the received PostScript code +into a proper raster print format. + + + +CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows-Clients, on top of a +PostScript driver (recommended is the Adobe one). + + + +This feature enables CUPS to do a few tricks no other +spooler can do: + + + + act as a networked PostScript RIP (Raster Image Processor), handling + printfiles from all client platforms in a uniform way; + act as a central accounting and billing server, as all files are passed + through the pstops Filter and are therefor logged in + the CUPS page_log. - NOTE: this + can not happen with "raw" print jobs, which always remain unfiltered + per definition; + enable clients to consolidate on a single PostScript driver, even for + many different target printers. + + + + +Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients + + +This setup may be of special interest to people +experiencing major problems in WTS environments. WTS need often a multitude +of non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of +different printer models. This often imposes the price of much increased +instability. In many cases, in an attempt to overcome this problem, site +administrators have resorted to restrict the allowed drivers installed on +their WTS to one generic PCL- and one PostScript driver. This however +restricts the clients in the amount of printer options available for them -- +often they can't get out more then simplex prints from one standard paper +tray, while their devices could do much better, if driven by a different +driver! + + + +Using an Adobe PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD, +seems to be a very elegant way to overcome all these shortcomings. The +PostScript driver is not known to cause major stability problems on WTS (even +if used with many different PPDs). The clients will be able to (again) chose +paper trays, duplex printing and other settings. However, there is a certain +price for this too: a CUPS server acting as a PostScript RIP for its clients +requires more CPU and RAM than just to act as a "raw spooling" device. Plus, +this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks look very +promising... + + + + + +Setting up CUPS for driver download + + +The cupsadsmb utility (shipped with all current +CUPS versions) makes the sharing of any (or all) installed CUPS printers very +easy. Prior to using it, you need the following settings in smb.conf: + + + [global] + load printers = yes + printing = cups + printcap name = cups + + [printers] + comment = All Printers + path = /var/spool/samba + browseable = no + public = yes + guest ok = yes + writable = no + printable = yes + printer admin = root + + [print$] + comment = Printer Drivers + path = /etc/samba/drivers + browseable = yes + guest ok = no + read only = yes + write list = root + + + +For licensing reasons the necessary files of the Adobe +Postscript driver can not be distributed with either Samba or CUPS. You need +to download them yourself from the Adobe website. Once extracted, create a +drivers directory in the CUPS data directory (usually +/usr/share/cups/). Copy the Adobe files using +UPPERCASE filenames, to this directory as follows: + + + + ADFONTS.MFM + ADOBEPS4.DRV + ADOBEPS4.HLP + ADOBEPS5.DLL + ADOBEPSU.DLL + ADOBEPSU.HLP + DEFPRTR2.PPD + ICONLIB.DLL + + + +Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install +their "Samba Drivers" package for this purpose with no problem. + + + + + + +Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs + + +On the internet you can find now many thousand CUPS-PPD +files (with their companion filters), in many national languages, +supporting more than 1.000 non-PostScript models. + + + + ESP PrintPro + (http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/) + (commercial, non-Free) is packaged with more than 3.000 PPDs, ready for + successful usage "out of the box" on Linux, IBM-AIX, HP-UX, Sun-Solaris, + SGI-IRIX, Compaq Tru64, Digital Unix and some more commercial Unices (it + is written by the CUPS developers themselves and its sales help finance + the further development of CUPS, as they feed their creators) + the Gimp-Print-Project + (http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/) + (GPL, Free Software) provides around 120 PPDs (supporting nearly 300 + printers, many driven to photo quality output), to be used alongside the + Gimp-Print CUPS filters; + TurboPrint + (http://www.turboprint.com/) + (Shareware, non-Freee) supports roughly the same amount of printers in + excellent quality; + OMNI + (http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/) + (LPGL, Free) is a package made by IBM, now containing support for more + than 400 printers, stemming from the inheritance of IBM OS/2 KnowHow + ported over to Linux (CUPS support is in a Beta-stage at present); + HPIJS + (http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/) + (BSD-style licnes, Free) supports around 120 of HP's own printers and is + also providing excellent print quality now; + Foomatic/cupsomatic (http://www.linuxprinting.org/) + (LPGL, Free) from Linuxprinting.org are providing PPDs for practically every + Ghostscript filter known to the world, now usable with CUPS. + + + +NOTE: the cupsomatic trick from Linuxprinting.org is +working different from the other drivers. While the other drivers take the +generic CUPS raster (produced by CUPS' own pstoraster PostScript RIP) as +their input, cupsomatic "kidnaps" the PostScript inside CUPS, before +RIP-ping, deviates it to an external Ghostscript installation (which now +becomes the RIP) and gives it back to a CUPS backend once Ghostscript is +finished. -- CUPS versions from 1.1.15 and later will provide their pstoraster +PostScript RIP function again inside a system-wide Ghostscript +installation rather than in "their own" pstoraster filter. (This +CUPS-enabling Ghostscript version may be installed either as a +patch to GNU or AFPL Ghostscript, or as a complete ESP Ghostscript package). +However, this will not change the cupsomatic approach of guiding the printjob +along a different path through the filtering system than the standard CUPS +way... + + + +Once you installed a printer inside CUPS with one of the +recommended methods (the lpadmin command, the web browser interface or one of +the available GUI wizards), you can use cupsaddsmb to share the +printer via Samba. cupsaddsmb prepares the driver files for +comfortable client download and installation upon their first contact with +this printer share. + + + + + +<command>cupsaddsmb</command> + + + +The cupsaddsmb command copies the needed files +for convenient Windows client installations from the previously prepared CUPS +data directory to your [print$] share. Additionally, the PPD +associated with this printer is copied from /etc/cups/ppd/ to +[print$]. + + + +root# cupsaddsmb -U root infotec_IS2027 +Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: [type in password 'secret'] + + + +To share all printers and drivers, use the -a +parameter instead of a printer name. + + + + +Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the +-v parameter to get a more verbose output: + + + +Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the +-v parameter to get a more verbose output: + + + +Note: The following line shave been wrapped so that information is not lost. + +root# cupsaddsmb -v -U root infotec_IS2027 + Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: + Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir W32X86;put + /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ + ADOBEPS5.DLL W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLLr + W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP' + added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 + added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 + added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 + Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] + NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \W32X86 + putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD (17394.6 kb/s) + (average 17395.2 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS5.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL (10877.4 kb/s) + (average 11343.0 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL (5095.2 kb/s) + (average 9260.4 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP (8828.7 kb/s) + (average 9247.1 kb/s) + + Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir WIN40;put + /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL;put + /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL WIN40/PSMON.DLL;' + added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0 + added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 + added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0 + Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs] + NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \WIN40 + putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD (26091.5 kb/s) + (average 26092.8 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM as \WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM (11241.6 kb/s) + (average 11812.9 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV (16640.6 kb/s) + (average 14679.3 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP (11285.6 kb/s) + (average 14281.5 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD as \WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD (823.5 kb/s) + (average 12944.0 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL as \WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL (19226.2 kb/s) + (average 13169.7 kb/s) + putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL as \WIN40/PSMON.DLL (18666.1 kb/s) + (average 13266.7 kb/s) + + Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows NT x86" + "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL:ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL"' + cmd = adddriver "Windows NT x86" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL: + ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL" + Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. + + Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows 4.0" + "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL:ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW: + ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL"' + cmd = adddriver "Windows 4.0" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL: + ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW:ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL" + Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed. + + Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' + -c 'setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027' + cmd = setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027 + Succesfully set infotec_IS2027 to driver infotec_IS2027. + + root# + + + +If you look closely, you'll discover your root password was transfered unencrypted over +the wire, so beware! Also, if you look further her, you'll discover error messages like +NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION in between. They occur, because +the directories WIN40 and W32X86 already +existed in the [print$] driver download share (from a previous driver +installation). They are harmless here. + + + +Now your printer is prepared for the clients to use. From +a client, browse to the CUPS/Samba server, open the "Printers" +share, right-click on this printer and select "Install..." or +"Connect..." (depending on the Windows version you use). Now their +should be a new printer in your client's local "Printers" folder, +named (in my case) "infotec_IS2027 on kdebitshop" + + + +NOTE: +cupsaddsmb will only reliably work i +with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher +and Samba from 2.2.4. If it doesn't work, or if the automatic printer +driver download to the clients doesn't succeed, you can still manually +install the CUPS printer PPD on top of the Adobe PostScript driver on +clients and then point the client's printer queue to the Samba printer +share for connection, should you desire to use the CUPS networked +PostScript RIP functions. + + + + + The CUPS Filter Chains @@ -674,7 +1103,8 @@ at "/some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd" Then install the printer: - "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd" + "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E \ + -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd" @@ -833,7 +1263,8 @@ assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter": - lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 -o job-page-limit=100 + lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 \ + -o job-page-limit=100 @@ -989,15 +1420,15 @@ download is "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz". Upon untar-/unzip-ping it will reveal the files: - - - cups-samba.install - cups-samba.license - cups-samba.readme - cups-samba.remove - cups-samba.ss - - + + + cups-samba.install + cups-samba.license + cups-samba.readme + cups-samba.remove + cups-samba.ss + + These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The @@ -1006,13 +1437,13 @@ These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The into /usr/share/cups/drivers/. Its contents are 3 files: - - - cupsdrvr.dll - cupsui.dll - cups.hlp - - + + + cupsdrvr.dll + cupsui.dll + cups.hlp + + ATTENTION: due to a bug one CUPS release puts the cups.hlp @@ -1021,11 +1452,11 @@ into /usr/share/drivers/ instead of the file after running the "./cups-samba.install" script manually to the right place: - - - cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/ - - + + + cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/ + + @@ -1053,45 +1484,45 @@ Win NT/2k/XP clients. - -NOTE 1: Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd -still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously. - + + NOTE 1: Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd + still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously. + - -NOTE 2: It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from -previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory. -The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the -"newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers). - + + NOTE 2: It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from + previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory. + The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the + "newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers). + - -NOTE 3: Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the -Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation -of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail -at first. - - -It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files -will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to -re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver -files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via -"Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click -onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A -new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select -the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button. -(This will only work if there is no single printer left which -uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers -using this driver in the "Printers" folder first.) - - - - -Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver -to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one -by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO -Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer. - + + NOTE 3: Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the + Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation + of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail + at first. + + + It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files + will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to + re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver + files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via + "Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click + onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A + new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select + the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button. + (This will only work if there is no single printer left which + uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers + using this driver in the "Printers" folder first.) + + + + + Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver + to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one + by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO + Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer. + What are the benefits with the "CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP" -- cgit