From 53b16591832dc07e9e15a9078f08a899503bbaa6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Gerald Carter Date: Wed, 2 Oct 2002 14:08:40 +0000 Subject: newly generated docs; removing old ones (This used to be commit d72538fd14b8d00ea07f19464b4f3a3d93445cbf) --- docs/htmldocs/printing.html | 1204 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 1204 insertions(+) create mode 100644 docs/htmldocs/printing.html (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/printing.html') diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/printing.html b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..0bdbd65198 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/htmldocs/printing.html @@ -0,0 +1,1204 @@ + +Printing Support in Samba 2.2.x
SAMBA Project Documentation
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Chapter 7. Printing Support in Samba 2.2.x

7.1. Introduction

Beginning with the 2.2.0 release, Samba supports +the native Windows NT printing mechanisms implemented via +MS-RPC (i.e. the SPOOLSS named pipe). Previous versions of +Samba only supported LanMan printing calls.

The additional functionality provided by the new +SPOOLSS support includes:

There has been some initial confusion about what all this means +and whether or not it is a requirement for printer drivers to be +installed on a Samba host in order to support printing from Windows +clients. A bug existed in Samba 2.2.0 which made Windows NT/2000 clients +require that the Samba server possess a valid driver for the printer. +This is fixed in Samba 2.2.1 and once again, Windows NT/2000 clients +can use the local APW for installing drivers to be used with a Samba +served printer. This is the same behavior exhibited by Windows 9x clients. +As a side note, Samba does not use these drivers in any way to process +spooled files. They are utilized entirely by the clients.

The following MS KB article, may be of some help if you are dealing with +Windows 2000 clients: How to Add Printers with No User +Interaction in Windows 2000

http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q189/1/05.ASP

7.2. Configuration

[print$] vs. [printer$]
 

Previous versions of Samba recommended using a share named [printer$]. +This name was taken from the printer$ service created by Windows 9x +clients when a printer was shared. Windows 9x printer servers always have +a printer$ service which provides read-only access via no +password in order to support printer driver downloads.

However, the initial implementation allowed for a +parameter named printer driver location +to be used on a per share basis to specify the location of +the driver files associated with that printer. Another +parameter named printer driver provided +a means of defining the printer driver name to be sent to +the client.

These parameters, including printer driver +file parameter, are being deprecated and should not +be used in new installations. For more information on this change, +you should refer to the Migration section +of this document.

7.2.1. Creating [print$]

In order to support the uploading of printer driver +files, you must first configure a file share named [print$]. +The name of this share is hard coded in Samba's internals so +the name is very important (print$ is the service used by +Windows NT print servers to provide support for printer driver +download).

You should modify the server's smb.conf file to add the global +parameters and to create the +following file share (of course, some of the parameter values, +such as 'path' are arbitrary and should be replaced with +appropriate values for your site):

[global]
+    ; members of the ntadmin group should be able
+    ; to add drivers and set printer properties
+    ; root is implicitly a 'printer admin'
+    printer admin = @ntadmin
+
+[print$]
+    path = /usr/local/samba/printers
+    guest ok = yes
+    browseable = yes
+    read only = yes
+    ; since this share is configured as read only, then we need
+    ; a 'write list'.  Check the file system permissions to make
+    ; sure this account can copy files to the share.  If this
+    ; is setup to a non-root account, then it should also exist
+    ; as a 'printer admin'
+    write list = @ntadmin,root

The write list is used to allow administrative +level user accounts to have write access in order to update files +on the share. See the smb.conf(5) +man page for more information on configuring file shares.

The requirement for guest +ok = yes depends upon how your +site is configured. If users will be guaranteed to have +an account on the Samba host, then this is a non-issue.

Author's Note
 

The non-issue is that if all your Windows NT users are guaranteed to be +authenticated by the Samba server (such as a domain member server and the NT +user has already been validated by the Domain Controller in +order to logon to the Windows NT console), then guest access +is not necessary. Of course, in a workgroup environment where +you just want to be able to print without worrying about +silly accounts and security, then configure the share for +guest access. You'll probably want to add map to guest = Bad User in the [global] section as well. Make sure +you understand what this parameter does before using it +though. --jerry

In order for a Windows NT print server to support +the downloading of driver files by multiple client architectures, +it must create subdirectories within the [print$] service +which correspond to each of the supported client architectures. +Samba follows this model as well.

Next create the directory tree below the [print$] share +for each architecture you wish to support.

[print$]-----
+        |-W32X86           ; "Windows NT x86"
+        |-WIN40            ; "Windows 95/98"
+        |-W32ALPHA         ; "Windows NT Alpha_AXP"
+        |-W32MIPS          ; "Windows NT R4000"
+        |-W32PPC           ; "Windows NT PowerPC"

ATTENTION! REQUIRED PERMISSIONS
 

In order to currently add a new driver to you Samba host, +one of two conditions must hold true:

  • The account used to connect to the Samba host + must have a uid of 0 (i.e. a root account)

  • The account used to connect to the Samba host + must be a member of the printer + admin list.

Of course, the connected account must still possess access +to add files to the subdirectories beneath [print$]. Remember +that all file shares are set to 'read only' by default.

Once you have created the required [print$] service and +associated subdirectories, simply log onto the Samba server using +a root (or printer admin) account +from a Windows NT 4.0/2k client. Open "Network Neighbourhood" or +"My Network Places" and browse for the Samba host. Once you have located +the server, navigate to the "Printers..." folder. +You should see an initial listing of printers +that matches the printer shares defined on your Samba host.

7.2.2. Setting Drivers for Existing Printers

The initial listing of printers in the Samba host's +Printers folder will have no real printer driver assigned +to them. By default, in Samba 2.2.0 this driver name was set to +NO PRINTER DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR THIS PRINTER. +Later versions changed this to a NULL string to allow the use +tof the local Add Printer Wizard on NT/2000 clients. +Attempting to view the printer properties for a printer +which has this default driver assigned will result in +the error message:

Device settings cannot be displayed. The driver +for the specified printer is not installed, only spooler +properties will be displayed. Do you want to install the +driver now?

Click "No" in the error dialog and you will be presented with +the printer properties window. The way to assign a driver to a +printer is to either

If you wish to install printer drivers for client +operating systems other than "Windows NT x86", you will need +to use the "Sharing" tab of the printer properties dialog.

Assuming you have connected with a root account, you +will also be able modify other printer properties such as +ACLs and device settings using this dialog box.

A few closing comments for this section, it is possible +on a Windows NT print server to have printers +listed in the Printers folder which are not shared. Samba does +not make this distinction. By definition, the only printers of +which Samba is aware are those which are specified as shares in +smb.conf.

Another interesting side note is that Windows NT clients do +not use the SMB printer share, but rather can print directly +to any printer on another Windows NT host using MS-RPC. This +of course assumes that the printing client has the necessary +privileges on the remote host serving the printer. The default +permissions assigned by Windows NT to a printer gives the "Print" +permissions to the "Everyone" well-known group.

7.2.3. Support a large number of printers

One issue that has arisen during the development +phase of Samba 2.2 is the need to support driver downloads for +100's of printers. Using the Windows NT APW is somewhat +awkward to say the list. If more than one printer are using the +same driver, the rpcclient's +setdriver command can be used to set the driver +associated with an installed driver. The following is example +of how this could be accomplished:

 
+$ rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumdrivers"
+Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3]
+ 
+[Windows NT x86]
+Printer Driver Info 1:
+     Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS]
+ 
+Printer Driver Info 1:
+     Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 2100 Series PS]
+ 
+Printer Driver Info 1:
+     Driver Name: [HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS]
+				  
+$ rpcclient pogo -U root%secret -c "enumprinters"
+Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3]
+     flags:[0x800000]
+     name:[\\POGO\hp-print]
+     description:[POGO\\POGO\hp-print,NO DRIVER AVAILABLE FOR THIS PRINTER,]
+     comment:[]
+				  
+$ rpcclient pogo -U root%secret \
+>  -c "setdriver hp-print \"HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS\""
+Domain=[NARNIA] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.0-alpha3]
+Successfully set hp-print to driver HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS.

7.2.4. Adding New Printers via the Windows NT APW

By default, Samba offers all printer shares defined in smb.conf +in the "Printers..." folder. Also existing in this folder is the Windows NT +Add Printer Wizard icon. The APW will be show only if

In order to be able to use the APW to successfully add a printer to a Samba +server, the add +printer command must have a defined value. The program +hook must successfully add the printer to the system (i.e. +/etc/printcap or appropriate files) and +smb.conf if necessary.

When using the APW from a client, if the named printer share does +not exist, smbd will execute the add printer +command and reparse to the smb.conf +to attempt to locate the new printer share. If the share is still not defined, +an error of "Access Denied" is returned to the client. Note that the +add printer program is executed under the context +of the connected user, not necessarily a root account.

There is a complementary delete +printer command for removing entries from the "Printers..." +folder.

The following is an example add printer command script. It adds the appropriate entries to /etc/printcap.local (change that to what you need) and returns a line of 'Done' which is needed for the whole process to work.

#!/bin/sh
+
+# Script to insert a new printer entry into printcap.local
+#
+# $1, printer name, used as the descriptive name
+# $2, share name, used as the printer name for Linux
+# $3, port name
+# $4, driver name
+# $5, location, used for the device file of the printer
+# $6, win9x location
+
+#
+# Make sure we use the location that RedHat uses for local printer defs
+PRINTCAP=/etc/printcap.local
+DATE=`date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S`
+LP=lp
+RESTART="service lpd restart"
+
+# Keep a copy
+cp $PRINTCAP $PRINTCAP.$DATE
+# Add the printer to $PRINTCAP
+echo ""				 			>> $PRINTCAP
+echo "$2|$1:\\" 					>> $PRINTCAP
+echo "  :sd=/var/spool/lpd/$2:\\" 			>> $PRINTCAP
+echo "  :mx=0:ml=0:sh:\\" 				>> $PRINTCAP
+echo "  :lp=/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn:" 	>> $PRINTCAP
+
+touch "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1
+chown $LP "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn" >> /tmp/printadd.$$ 2>&1
+
+mkdir /var/spool/lpd/$2
+chmod 700 /var/spool/lpd/$2
+chown $LP /var/spool/lpd/$2
+#echo $1 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+#echo $2 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+#echo $3 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+#echo $4 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+#echo $5 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+#echo $6 >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+$RESTART >> "/usr/local/samba/var/print/$5.prn"
+# Not sure if this is needed
+touch /usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf
+#
+# You need to return a value, but I am not sure what it means.
+#
+echo "Done"
+exit 0

7.2.5. Samba and Printer Ports

Windows NT/2000 print servers associate a port with each printer. These normally +take the form of LPT1:, COM1:, FILE:, etc... Samba must also support the +concept of ports associated with a printer. By default, only one printer port, +named "Samba Printer Port", exists on a system. Samba does not really a port in +order to print, rather it is a requirement of Windows clients.

Note that Samba does not support the concept of "Printer Pooling" internally +either. This is when a logical printer is assigned to multiple ports as +a form of load balancing or fail over.

If you require that multiple ports be defined for some reason, +smb.conf possesses a enumports +command which can be used to define an external program +that generates a listing of ports on a system.

7.3. The Imprints Toolset

The Imprints tool set provides a UNIX equivalent of the + Windows NT Add Printer Wizard. For complete information, please + refer to the Imprints web site at http://imprints.sourceforge.net/ as well as the documentation + included with the imprints source distribution. This section will + only provide a brief introduction to the features of Imprints.

7.3.1. What is Imprints?

Imprints is a collection of tools for supporting the goals + of

7.3.2. Creating Printer Driver Packages

The process of creating printer driver packages is beyond + the scope of this document (refer to Imprints.txt also included + with the Samba distribution for more information). In short, + an Imprints driver package is a gzipped tarball containing the + driver files, related INF files, and a control file needed by the + installation client.

7.3.3. The Imprints server

The Imprints server is really a database server that + may be queried via standard HTTP mechanisms. Each printer + entry in the database has an associated URL for the actual + downloading of the package. Each package is digitally signed + via GnuPG which can be used to verify that package downloaded + is actually the one referred in the Imprints database. It is + not recommended that this security check + be disabled.

7.3.4. The Installation Client

More information regarding the Imprints installation client + is available in the Imprints-Client-HOWTO.ps + file included with the imprints source package.

The Imprints installation client comes in two forms.

The installation client (in both forms) provides a means + of querying the Imprints database server for a matching + list of known printer model names as well as a means to + download and install the drivers on remote Samba and Windows + NT print servers.

The basic installation process is in four steps and + perl code is wrapped around smbclient + and rpcclient.

	
+foreach (supported architecture for a given driver)
+{
+     1.  rpcclient: Get the appropriate upload directory 
+         on the remote server
+     2.  smbclient: Upload the driver files
+     3.  rpcclient: Issues an AddPrinterDriver() MS-RPC
+}
+	
+4.  rpcclient: Issue an AddPrinterEx() MS-RPC to actually
+    create the printer

One of the problems encountered when implementing + the Imprints tool set was the name space issues between + various supported client architectures. For example, Windows + NT includes a driver named "Apple LaserWriter II NTX v51.8" + and Windows 95 calls its version of this driver "Apple + LaserWriter II NTX"

The problem is how to know what client drivers have + been uploaded for a printer. As astute reader will remember + that the Windows NT Printer Properties dialog only includes + space for one printer driver name. A quick look in the + Windows NT 4.0 system registry at

HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Print\Environment +

will reveal that Windows NT always uses the NT driver + name. This is ok as Windows NT always requires that at least + the Windows NT version of the printer driver is present. + However, Samba does not have the requirement internally. + Therefore, how can you use the NT driver name if is has not + already been installed?

The way of sidestepping this limitation is to require + that all Imprints printer driver packages include both the Intel + Windows NT and 95/98 printer drivers and that NT driver is + installed first.

7.4. Migration to from Samba 2.0.x to 2.2.x

Given that printer driver management has changed (we hope improved) in +2.2 over prior releases, migration from an existing setup to 2.2 can +follow several paths. Here are the possible scenarios for +migration:

  • If you do not desire the new Windows NT + print driver support, nothing needs to be done. + All existing parameters work the same.

  • If you want to take advantage of NT printer + driver support but do not want to migrate the + 9x drivers to the new setup, the leave the existing + printers.def file. When smbd attempts + to locate a + 9x driver for the printer in the TDB and fails it + will drop down to using the printers.def (and all + associated parameters). The make_printerdef + tool will also remain for backwards compatibility but will + be removed in the next major release.

  • If you install a Windows 9x driver for a printer + on your Samba host (in the printing TDB), this information will + take precedence and the three old printing parameters + will be ignored (including print driver location).

  • If you want to migrate an existing printers.def + file into the new setup, the current only solution is to use the Windows + NT APW to install the NT drivers and the 9x drivers. This can be scripted + using smbclient and rpcclient. See the + Imprints installation client at http://imprints.sourceforge.net/ + for an example. +

Achtung!
 

The following smb.conf parameters are considered to +be deprecated and will be removed soon. Do not use them in new +installations

  • printer driver file (G) +

  • printer driver (S) +

  • printer driver location (S) +

The have been two new parameters add in Samba 2.2.2 to for +better support of Samba 2.0.x backwards capability (disable +spoolss) and for using local printers drivers on Windows +NT/2000 clients (use client driver). Both of +these options are described in the smb.coinf(5) man page and are +disabled by default.

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