summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/docs/docbook/projdoc/CUPS-printing.sgml
blob: 65f18dc385f7cf619e84e31c20e355045f7d54da (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
<chapter id="CUPS-printing">


<chapterinfo>
	<author>
		<firstname>John H</firstname><surname>Terpstra</surname>
		<affiliation>
			<orgname>Samba Team</orgname>
			<address>
				<email>jht@samba.org</email>
			</address>
		</affiliation>
	</author>
	<author>
		<firstname>Kurt</firstname><surname>Pfeifle</surname>
		<affiliation>
			<address><email>kpfeifle@danka.de</email></address>
		</affiliation>
	</author>
	<pubdate> (25 March 2003) </pubdate>
</chapterinfo>

<title>CUPS Printing Support</title>

<sect1>
<title>Introduction</title>
	
<para>
The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) has become very popular, but to many it is
a very mystical tool. There is a great deal of uncertainty regarding CUPS and how
it works. The result is seen in a large number of posting on the samba mailing lists
expressing frustration when MS Windows printers appear not to work with a CUPS
backr-end.
/para>

<para>
This is a good time to point out how CUPS can be used and what it does. CUPS is more
than just a print spooling system - it is a complete printer management system that
complies with HTTP and IPP protocols. It can be managed remotely via a web browser
and it can print using http and ipp protocols.
</para>

<para>
CUPS allows to creation of RAW printers (ie: NO file format translation) as well as
SMART printers (ie: CUPS does file format conversion as required for the printer). In
many ways this gives CUPS similar capabilities to the MS Windows print monitoring
system. Of course, if you are a CUPS advocate, you would agrue that CUPS is better!
In any case, let us now move on to explore how one may configure CUPS for interfacing
with MS Windows print clients via Samba.
</para>

<para>
<ulink url="http://www.cups.org/">CUPS</ulink> is a newcomer in the UNIX printing scene,
which has convinced many people upon first trial already. However, it has quite a few
new features, which make it different from other, more traditional printing systems.
</para>

</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>Configuring <filename>smb.conf</filename> for CUPS</title>

<para>
Printing with CUPS in the most basic <filename>smb.conf</filename>
setup in Samba-3  only needs two settings: <command>printing = cups</command> and
<command>printcap = cups</command>. While CUPS itself doesn't need a printcap
anymore, the <filename>cupsd.conf</filename> configuration file knows two directives
(example: <command>Printcap /etc/printcap</command> and <command>PrintcapFormat
BSD</command>), which control if such a file should be created for the
convenience of third party applications. Make sure it is set! For details see
<command>man cupsd.conf</command> and other CUPS-related documentation.
</para>

<para>
If SAMBA is compiled against libcups, then <command>printcap = cups</command> uses the
CUPS API to list printers, submit jobs, etc. Otherwise it maps to the System V commands
with an additional <parameter>-oraw</parameter> option for printing. On a Linux system,
you can use the <command>ldd</command> command to find out details (ldd may not be
present on other OS platforms, or its function may be embodied by a different command):
</para>

<para>
<programlisting>transmeta:/home/kurt # ldd `which smbd`
        libssl.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libssl.so.0.9.6 (0x4002d000)
        libcrypto.so.0.9.6 => /usr/lib/libcrypto.so.0.9.6 (0x4005a000)
        libcups.so.2 => /usr/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x40123000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0x401e8000)
        libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0x401ec000)
        libpam.so.0 => /lib/libpam.so.0 (0x40202000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x4020b000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 =&gt; /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x40000000)
</programlisting></para>

<para>
The line "libcups.so.2 =&gt; /usr/lib/libcups.so.2
(0x40123000)" shows there is CUPS support compiled into this version of
Samba. If this is the case, and <command>printing = cups</command> is set, then any
otherwise manually set print command in smb.conf is ignored.
</para>
</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>CUPS - RAW Print Through Mode</title>

<note>
<para>
When used in raw print through mode is will be necessary to use the printer
vendor's drivers in each Windows client PC.
</para>
</note>

<para>
When CUPS printers are configured for RAW print-through mode operation it is the
responsibility of the Samba client to fully render the print job (file) in a format
that is suitable for direct delivery to the printer. In this case CUPS will NOT
do any print file format conversion work.
</para>

<para>
The CUPS files that need to be correctly set for RAW mode printers to work are:

<itemizedlist>
	<listitem><para><filename>/etc/cups/mime.types</filename><para></listitem>
	<listitem><para><filename>/etc/cups/mime.convs</filename><para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

Both contain entries that must be uncommented to allow <emphasis>RAW</emphasis> mode
operation.
</para>

<para>
Firstly, to enable CUPS based printing from Samba the following options must be
enabled in your smb.conf file [globals] section:

<itemizedlist>
	<listitem><para>printing = CUPS</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>printcap = CUPS</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

When these parameters are specified the print directives in smb.conf (as well as in
samba itself) will be ignored because samba will directly interface with CUPS through
it's application program interface (API) - so long as Samba has been compiled with
CUPS library (libcups) support. If samba has NOT been compiled with CUPS support then
printing will use the System V AT&amp;T command set with the <emphasis>-oraw</emphasis> 
option automatically passing through.
</para>

<para>
Cupsomatic (an enhanced printing utility that is part of some CUPS implementations) 
on the Samba/CUPS server does *not* add any features if a file is really
printed "raw".  However, if you have loaded the driver for the Windows client from
the CUPS server, using the "cupsaddsmb" utility, and if this driver is one using
a "Foomatic" PPD, the PJL header in question is already added on the Windows client,
at the time when the driver initially generated the PostScript data and CUPS in true
"-oraw" manner doesn't remove this PJL header and passes the file "as is" to its
printer communication backend.
</para>

<note><para>NOTE: editing in the "mime.convs" and the "mime.types" file does not *enforce*
"raw" printing, it only *allows* it.</para></note>

<para>
Print files that arrive from MS Windows printing are "auto-typed" by CUPS. This aids
the process of determining proper treatment while in the print queue system.

<itemizedlist>
	<listitem><para>
	Files generated by PCL drivers and directed at PCK printers get auto-typed as
	<filename>application/octet-stream</filename>. Unknown file format types also
	get auto-typed with this tag.
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	Files generated by a Postscript driver and directed at a Postscript printer
	are auto-typed depending on the auto-detected most suitable MIME type as:

	<itemizedlist>
		<listitem><para>* application/postscript</para></listitem>
		<listitem><para>* application/vnd.cups-postscript</para></listitem>
	</itemizedlist>
	</para>
</itemizedlist>
</para>


<para>
"application/postscript" first goes thru the "pstops" filter (where the page counting
and accounting takes place). The outcome will be of MIME type
"application/vnd.cups-postscript". The pstopsfilter reads and uses information from
the PPD and inserts user-provided options into the PostScript file. As a consequence,
the filtered file could possibly have an unwanted PJL header.
</para>

<para>
"application/postscript" will be all files with a ".ps", ".ai", ".eps" suffix or which
have as their first character string one of "%!" or "<04>%".
</para>

<para>
"application/vnd.cups-postscript" will files which contain the string
"LANGUAGE=POSTSCRIPT" (or similar variations with different capitalization) in the
first 512 bytes, and also contain the "PJL super escape code" in the first 128 bytes
("<1B>%-12345X"). Very likely, most PostScript files generated on Windows using a CUPS
or other PPD, will have to be auto-typed as "vnd.cups-postscript".  A file produced
with a "Generic PostScript driver" will just be tagged "application/postscript".
</para>

<para>
Once the file is in "application/vnd.cups-postscript" format, either "pstoraster"
or "cupsomatic" will take over (depending on the printer configuration, as
determined by the PPD in use).
</para>

<note><para>
A printer queue with *no* PPD associated to it is a "raw" printer and all files
will go directly there as received by the spooler. The exeptions are file types
"application/octet-stream" which need "passthrough feature" enabled.
"Raw" queues don't do any filtering at all, they hand the file directly to the
CUPS backend. This backend is responsible for the sending of the data to the device
(as in the "device URI" notation as lpd://, socket://, smb://, ipp://, http://,
parallel:/, serial:/, usb:/ etc.)
</para></note>

<note><para>
"cupsomatic"/Foomatic are *not* native CUPS drivers and they don't ship with CUPS.
They are a Third Party add-on, developed at Linuxprinting.org.  As such, they are
a brilliant hack to make all models (driven by Ghostscript drivers/filters in
traditional spoolers) also work via CUPS, with the same (good or bad!) quality
as in these other spoolers. "cupsomatic" is only a vehicle to execute a ghostscript
commandline at that stage in the CUPS filtering chain, where "normally" the native
CUPS "pstoraster" filter would kick in.  cupsomatic by-passes pstoraster, "kidnaps"
the printfile from CUPS away and re-directs it to go through Ghostscipt. CUPS accepts this,
because the associated CUPS-O-Matic-/Foomatic-PPD specifies:
</para>

<programlisting>
   *cupsFilter:  "application/vnd.cups-postscript 0 cupsomatic"
</programlisting>

<para>
This line persuades CUPS to hand the file to cupsomatic, once it has successfully
converted it to the MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript". This conversion will not
happen for Jobs arriving from Windows which are auto-typed "application/octet-stream",
with the according changes in "/etc/cups/mime.types" in place.
</para></note>

<para>
CUPS is widely configurable and flexible, even regarding its filtering mechanism.
Another workaround in some situations would be to have
in "/etc/cups/mime.types" entries as follows:
</para>

<programlisting>
   application/postscript           application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
   application/vnd.cups-postscript  application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
</programlisting>

<para>
This would prevent all Postscript files from being filtered (rather, they will go
thru the virtual "nullfilter" denoted with "-"). This could only be useful for
PS printers. If you want to print PS code on non-PS printers an entry as follows
could be useful:
</para>

<programlisting>
   */*           application/vnd.cups-raw  0  -
</programlisting>

<para>
and would effectively send *all* files to the backend without further processing.
</para>

<para>
Lastly, you could have the following entry:
</para>

<programlisting>
   application/vnd.cups-postscript  application/vnd.cups-raw  0  my_PJL_stripping_filter
</programlisting>

<para>
You will need to write a "my_PJL_stripping_filter" (could be a shellscript) that
parses the PostScript and removes the unwanted PJL. This would need to conform to
CUPS filter design (mainly, receive and pass the parameters printername, job-id,
username, jobtitle, copies, print options and possibly the filename). It would
be installed as world executable into "/usr/lib/cups/filters/" and will be called
by CUPS if it encounters a MIME type "application/vnd.cups-postscript".
</para>

<para>
CUPS can handle "-o job-hold-until=indefinite". This keeps the job in the queue
"on hold". It will only be printed upon manual release by the printer operator.
This is a requirement in many "central reproduction departments", where a few
operators manage the jobs of hundreds of users on some big machine, where no
user is allowed to have direct access. (The operators often need to load the
proper paper type before running the 10.000 page job requested by marketing
for the mailing, etc.).
</para>

</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>CUPS as a network PostScript RIP -- CUPS drivers working on server, Adobe
PostScript driver with CUPS-PPDs downloaded to clients</title>


<para>
CUPS is perfectly able to use PPD files (PostScript
Printer Descriptions). PPDs can control all print device options. They
are usually provided by the manufacturer -- if you own a PostSript printer,
that is. PPD files are always a component of PostScript printer drivers on MS
Windows or Apple Mac OS systems. They are ASCII files containing
user-selectable print options, mapped to appropriate PostScript, PCL or PJL
commands for the target printer. Printer driver GUI dialogs translate these
options "on-the-fly" into buttons and drop-down lists for the user to
select.
</para>

<para>
CUPS can load, without any conversions, the PPD file from
any Windows (NT is recommended) PostScript driver and handle the options.
There is a web browser interface to the print options (select
http://localhost:631/printers/ and click on one "Configure Printer" button
to see it), a commandline interface (see <command>man lpoptions</command> or
try if you have <command>lphelp</command> on your system) plus some different GUI frontends on Linux
UNIX, which can present PPD options to the users. PPD options are normally
meant to become evaluated by the PostScript RIP on the real PostScript
printer.
</para>

<para>
CUPS doesn't stop at "real" PostScript printers in its
usage of PPDs. The CUPS developers have extended the PPD concept, to also
describe available device and driver options for non-PostScript printers
through  CUPS-PPDs.
</para>

<para>
This is logical, as CUPS includes a fully featured
PostScript interpreter (RIP). This RIP is based on Ghostscript. It can
process all received PostScript (and additionally many other file formats)
from clients. All CUPS-PPDs geared to non-PostScript printers contain an
additional line, starting with the keyword <parameter>*cupsFilter</parameter>.
This line
tells the CUPS print system which printer-specific filter to use for the
interpretation of the accompanying PostScript. Thus CUPS lets all its
printers appear as PostScript devices to its clients, because it can act as a
PostScript RIP for those printers, processing the received PostScript code
into a proper raster print format.
</para>

<para>
CUPS-PPDs can also be used on Windows-Clients, on top of a
PostScript driver (recommended is the Adobe one).
</para>

<para>
This feature enables CUPS to do a few tricks no other
spooler can do:
</para>

<itemizedlist>
  <listitem><para>act as a networked PostScript RIP (Raster Image Processor), handling
    printfiles from all client platforms in a uniform way;</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para>act as a central accounting and billing server, as all files are passed
    through the <command>pstops</command> Filter and are therefor logged in
    the CUPS <filename>page&lowbar;log</filename>. - <emphasis>NOTE: </emphasis>this
    can not happen with "raw" print jobs, which always remain unfiltered
    per definition;</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para>enable clients to consolidate on a single PostScript driver, even for
    many different target printers.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>Windows Terminal Servers (WTS) as CUPS clients</title>

<para>
This setup may be of special interest to people
experiencing major problems in WTS environments. WTS need often a multitude
of non-PostScript drivers installed to run their clients' variety of
different printer models. This often imposes the price of much increased
instability. In many cases, in an attempt to overcome this problem, site
administrators have resorted to restrict the allowed drivers installed on
their WTS to one generic PCL- and one PostScript driver. This however
restricts the clients in the amount of printer options available for them --
often they can't get out more then simplex prints from one standard paper
tray, while their devices could do much better, if driven by a different
driver!
</para>

<para>
Using an Adobe PostScript driver, enabled with a CUPS-PPD,
seems to be a very elegant way to overcome all these shortcomings. The
PostScript driver is not known to cause major stability problems on WTS (even
if used with many different PPDs). The clients will be able to (again) chose
paper trays, duplex printing and other settings. However, there is a certain
price for this too: a  CUPS server acting as a PostScript RIP for its clients
requires more CPU and RAM than just to act as  a "raw spooling" device. Plus,
this setup is not yet widely tested, although the first feedbacks look very
promising...
</para>
</sect1>


<sect1>
<title>Setting up CUPS for driver download</title>

<para>
The <command>cupsadsmb</command> utility (shipped with all current
CUPS versions) makes the sharing of any (or all) installed CUPS printers very
easy. Prior to using it, you need the following settings in smb.conf:
</para>

	<para><programlisting>[global]
		 load printers = yes
		 printing = cups
		 printcap name = cups

	[printers]
		 comment = All Printers
		 path = /var/spool/samba
		 browseable = no
		 public = yes
		 guest ok = yes
		 writable = no
		 printable = yes
		 printer admin = root

	[print$]
		 comment = Printer Drivers
		 path = /etc/samba/drivers
		 browseable = yes
		 guest ok = no
		 read only = yes
		 write list = root
	</programlisting></para>

<para>
For licensing reasons the necessary files of the Adobe
Postscript driver can not be distributed with either Samba or CUPS. You need
to download them yourself from the Adobe website. Once extracted, create a
<filename>drivers</filename> directory in the CUPS data directory (usually
<filename>/usr/share/cups/</filename>). Copy the Adobe files using
UPPERCASE filenames, to this directory as follows:
</para>

	<para><programlisting>
		ADFONTS.MFM
		ADOBEPS4.DRV
		ADOBEPS4.HLP
		ADOBEPS5.DLL
		ADOBEPSU.DLL
		ADOBEPSU.HLP
		DEFPRTR2.PPD
		ICONLIB.DLL
	</programlisting></para>

<para>
Users of the ESP Print Pro software are able to install
their "Samba Drivers" package for this purpose with no problem.
</para>
</sect1>



<sect1>
<title>Sources of CUPS drivers / PPDs</title>

<para>
On the internet you can find now many thousand CUPS-PPD
files (with their companion filters), in many national languages,
supporting more than 1.000 non-PostScript models.
</para>

<itemizedlist>
  <listitem><para><ulink url="http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/">ESP PrintPro
    (http://wwwl.easysw.com/printpro/)</ulink>
    (commercial, non-Free) is packaged with more than 3.000 PPDs, ready for
    successful usage "out of the box" on Linux, IBM-AIX, HP-UX, Sun-Solaris,
    SGI-IRIX, Compaq Tru64, Digital Unix and some more commercial Unices (it
    is written by the CUPS developers themselves and its sales help finance
    the further development of CUPS, as they feed their creators)</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para>the <ulink
    url="http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/">Gimp-Print-Project
    (http://gimp-print.sourceforge.net/)</ulink>
    (GPL, Free Software) provides around 120 PPDs (supporting nearly 300
    printers, many driven to photo quality output), to be used alongside the
    Gimp-Print CUPS filters;</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para><ulink url="http://www.turboprint.com/">TurboPrint
    (http://www.turboprint.com/)</ulink>
    (Shareware, non-Freee) supports roughly the same amount of printers in
    excellent quality;</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para><ulink
    url="http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/">OMNI
    (http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/linux/projects/omni/)</ulink>
    (LPGL, Free) is a package made by IBM, now containing support for more
    than 400 printers, stemming from the inheritance of IBM OS/2 KnowHow
    ported over to Linux (CUPS support is in a Beta-stage at present);</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para><ulink url="http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/">HPIJS
    (http://hpinkjet.sourceforge.net/)</ulink>
    (BSD-style licnes, Free) supports around 120 of HP's own printers and is
    also providing excellent print quality now;</para></listitem>
  <listitem><para><ulink
    url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/">Foomatic/cupsomatic (http://www.linuxprinting.org/)</ulink>
    (LPGL, Free) from Linuxprinting.org are providing PPDs for practically every
    Ghostscript filter known to the world, now usable with CUPS.</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

<para>
<emphasis>NOTE: </emphasis>the cupsomatic trick from Linuxprinting.org is
working different from the other drivers. While the other drivers take the
generic CUPS raster (produced by CUPS' own pstoraster PostScript RIP) as
their input, cupsomatic "kidnaps" the PostScript inside CUPS, before
RIP-ping, deviates it to an external Ghostscript installation (which now
becomes the RIP) and gives it back to a CUPS backend once Ghostscript is
finished. -- CUPS versions from 1.1.15 and later will provide their pstoraster
PostScript RIP function again inside a system-wide Ghostscript
installation rather than in "their own" pstoraster filter. (This
CUPS-enabling Ghostscript version may be installed either as a
patch to GNU or AFPL Ghostscript, or as a complete ESP Ghostscript package).
However, this will not change the cupsomatic approach of guiding the printjob
along a different path through the filtering system than the standard CUPS
way...
</para>

<para>
Once you installed a printer inside CUPS with one of the
recommended methods (the lpadmin command, the web browser interface or one of
the available GUI wizards), you can use <command>cupsaddsmb</command> to share the
printer via Samba. <command>cupsaddsmb</command> prepares the driver files for
comfortable client download and installation upon their first contact with
this printer share.
</para>



<sect2>
<title><command>cupsaddsmb</command></title>


<para>
The <command>cupsaddsmb</command> command copies the needed files
for convenient Windows client installations from the previously prepared CUPS
data directory to your [print$] share. Additionally, the PPD
associated with this printer is copied from <filename>/etc/cups/ppd/</filename> to
[print$].
</para>

<para><programlisting>
<prompt>root# </prompt> <command>cupsaddsmb -U root infotec_IS2027</command>
Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA: <userinput>[type in password 'secret']</userinput>
</programlisting></para>

<para>
To share all printers and drivers, use the <parameter>-a</parameter>
parameter instead of a printer name.
</para>


<para>
Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the
<parameter>-v</parameter> parameter to get a more verbose output:
</para>

<para>
Probably you want to see what's going on. Use the
<parameter>-v</parameter> parameter to get a more verbose output:
</para>

<para><programlisting>
Note: The following line shave been wrapped so that information is not lost.
 
<prompt>root# </prompt> cupsaddsmb -v -U root infotec_IS2027
    Password for root required to access localhost via SAMBA:
    Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir W32X86;put
       /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/
       ADOBEPS5.DLL W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLLr
       W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL;put /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP'
    added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0
    added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0
    added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0
    Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs]
    NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \W32X86
    putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \W32X86/infotec_IS2027.PPD (17394.6 kb/s)
      (average 17395.2 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS5.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPS5.DLL (10877.4 kb/s)
      (average 11343.0 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.DLL as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.DLL (5095.2 kb/s)
      (average 9260.4 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPSU.HLP as \W32X86/ADOBEPSU.HLP (8828.7 kb/s)
      (average 9247.1 kb/s)

    Running command: smbclient //localhost/print\$ -N -U'root%secret' -c 'mkdir WIN40;put
      /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL;put
      /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL WIN40/PSMON.DLL;'
    added interface ip=10.160.16.45 bcast=10.160.31.255 nmask=255.255.240.0
    added interface ip=192.168.182.1 bcast=192.168.182.255 nmask=255.255.255.0
    added interface ip=172.16.200.1 bcast=172.16.200.255 nmask=255.255.255.0
    Domain=[TUX-NET] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.2.3a.200204262025cvs]
    NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION making remote directory \WIN40
    putting file /var/spool/cups/tmp/3cd1cc66376c0 as \WIN40/infotec_IS2027.PPD (26091.5 kb/s)
      (average 26092.8 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADFONTS.MFM as \WIN40/ADFONTS.MFM (11241.6 kb/s)
      (average 11812.9 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.DRV as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.DRV (16640.6 kb/s)
      (average 14679.3 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ADOBEPS4.HLP as \WIN40/ADOBEPS4.HLP (11285.6 kb/s)
      (average 14281.5 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/DEFPRTR2.PPD as \WIN40/DEFPRTR2.PPD (823.5 kb/s)
      (average 12944.0 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/ICONLIB.DLL as \WIN40/ICONLIB.DLL (19226.2 kb/s)
      (average 13169.7 kb/s)
    putting file /usr/share/cups/drivers/PSMON.DLL as \WIN40/PSMON.DLL (18666.1 kb/s)
      (average 13266.7 kb/s)

    Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows NT x86"
       "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL:ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL"'
    cmd = adddriver "Windows NT x86" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS5.DLL:infotec_IS2027.PPD:ADOBEPSU.DLL:
       ADOBEPSU.HLP:NULL:RAW:NULL"
    Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed.

    Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret' -c 'adddriver "Windows 4.0"
       "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL:ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW:
       ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL"'
    cmd = adddriver "Windows 4.0" "infotec_IS2027:ADOBEPS4.DRV:infotec_IS2027.PPD:NULL:
       ADOBEPS4.HLP:PSMON.DLL:RAW:ADFONTS.MFM,DEFPRTR2.PPD,ICONLIB.DLL"
    Printer Driver infotec_IS2027 successfully installed.

    Running command: rpcclient localhost -N -U'root%secret'
       -c 'setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027'
    cmd = setdriver infotec_IS2027 infotec_IS2027
    Succesfully set infotec_IS2027 to driver infotec_IS2027.

    <prompt>root# </prompt>
</programlisting></para>

<para>
If you look closely, you'll discover your root password was transfered unencrypted over
the wire, so beware! Also, if you look further her, you'll discover error messages like
<constant>NT_STATUS_OBJECT_NAME_COLLISION</constant> in between. They occur, because
the directories <filename>WIN40</filename> and <filename>W32X86</filename> already
existed in the [print$] driver download share (from a previous driver
installation). They are harmless here.
</para>

<para>
Now your printer is prepared for the clients to use. From
a client, browse to the CUPS/Samba server, open the "Printers"
share, right-click on this printer and select "Install..." or
"Connect..." (depending on the Windows version you use). Now their
should be a new printer in your client's local "Printers" folder,
named (in my case) "infotec_IS2027 on kdebitshop"
</para>

<para>
<emphasis>NOTE: </emphasis>
<command>cupsaddsmb</command> will only reliably work i
with CUPS version 1.1.15 or higher
and Samba from 2.2.4. If it doesn't work, or if the automatic printer
driver download to the clients doesn't succeed, you can still manually
install the CUPS printer PPD on top of the Adobe PostScript driver on
clients and then point the client's printer queue to the Samba printer
share for connection, should you desire to use the CUPS networked
PostScript RIP functions.
</para>
</sect2>
</sect1>


<sect1>
<title>The CUPS Filter Chains</title>

<para>
The following diagrams reveal how CUPS handles print jobs.
</para>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# CUPS in and of itself has this (general) filter chain (CAPITAL
# letters are FILE-FORMATS or MIME types, other are filters (this is
# true for pre-1.1.15 of pre-4.3 versions of CUPS and ESP PrintPro):
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     pstoraster   # as shipped with CUPS, independent from any Ghostscipt
#      |           # installation on the system
#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>  (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here)
#      |   (= "raster driver")
#      |
#      V
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     backend
#
#
# ESP PrintPro has some enhanced "rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>" filters as compared to
# CUPS, and also a somewhat improved "pstoraster" filter.
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
#########################################################################
</programlisting>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# This is how "cupsomatic" comes into play:
# =========================================
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+
#      |                                          |
#      |                                          V
#      V                                         cupsomatic
#    pstoraster                                  (constructs complicated
#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")            Ghostscript commandline
#      |                                         to let the file be
#      V                                         processed by a
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER                    "-sDEVICE=<replaceable>s.th.</replaceable>"
#      |                                         call...)
#      |                                          |
#      V                                          |
#    rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>                          V
#      |    (= "raster driver")     +-------------------------+
#      |                            | Ghostscript at work.... |
#      V                            |                         |
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC         *-------------------------+
#      |                                          |
#      |                                          |
#      V                                          |
#    backend &gt;------------------------------------+
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    THE PRINTER
#
#
# Note, that cupsomatic "kidnaps" the printfile after the
# "APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRPT" stage and deviates it through
# the CUPS-external, systemwide Ghostscript installation, bypassing the
# "pstoraster" filter (therefor also bypassing the CUPS-raster-drivers
# "rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>", and hands the rasterized file directly to the CUPS
# backend...
#
# cupsomatic is not made by the CUPS developers. It is an independent
# contribution to printing development, made by people from
# Linuxprinting.org. (see also http://www.cups.org/cups-help.html)
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
#########################################################################
</programlisting>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# And this is how it works for ESP PrintPro from 4.3:
# ===================================================
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     gsrip
#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>  (f.e. Gimp-Print filters may be plugged in here)
#      |   (= "raster driver")
#      |
#      V
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     backend
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
#########################################################################
</programlisting>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# This is how "cupsomatic" would come into play with ESP PrintPro:
# ================================================================
#
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT ----------------+
#      |                                          |
#      |                                          V
#      V                                         cupsomatic
#    gsrip                                       (constructs complicated
#      |  (= "postscipt interpreter")            Ghostscript commandline
#      |                                         to let the file be
#      V                                         processed by a
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER                    "-sDEVICE=<replaceable>s.th.</replaceable>"
#      |                                         call...)
#      |                                          |
#      V                                          |
#    rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>                          V
#      |   (= "raster driver")      +-------------------------+
#      |                            | Ghostscript at work.... |
#      V                            |                         |
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC         *-------------------------+
#      |                                          |
#      |                                          |
#      V                                          |
#    backend &gt;------------------------------------+
#      |
#      |
#      V
#    THE PRINTER
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
#########################################################################
</programlisting>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15:
# ==============================================
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+
#                                     |
#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
#                  | Ghostscript                                     |
#                  | at work...                                      |
#                  | (with                                           |
#                  | "-sDEVICE=cups")                                |
#                  |                                                 |
#                  |         (= "postscipt interpreter")             |
#                  |                                                 |
#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
#                                     |
#                                     |
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER &gt;-------+
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>
#      |   (= "raster driver")
#      |
#      V
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     backend
#
#
# NOTE: since version 1.1.15 CUPS "outsourced" the pstoraster process to
#       Ghostscript. GNU Ghostscript needs to be patched to handle the
#       CUPS requirement; ESP Ghostscript has this builtin. In any case,
#       "gs -h" needs to show up a "cups" device. pstoraster is now a
#       calling an appropriate "gs -sDEVICE=cups..." commandline to do
#       the job. It will output "application/vnd.cup-raster", which will
#       be finally processed by a CUPS raster driver "rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>"
#       Note the difference to "cupsomatic", which will *not* output
#       CUPS-raster, but a final version of the printfile, ready to be
#       sent to the printer. cupsomatic also doesn't use the "cups"
#       devicemode in Ghostscript, but one of the classical devicemodes....
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
#########################################################################
</programlisting>

<programlisting>
#########################################################################
#
# And this is how it works for CUPS from 1.1.15, with cupsomatic included:
# ========================================================================
#
# <replaceable>SOMETHNG</replaceable>-FILEFORMAT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     <replaceable>something</replaceable>tops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/POSTSCRIPT
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     pstops
#      |
#      |
#      V
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-POSTSCRIPT-----+
#                                     |
#                  +------------------v------------------------------+
#                  | Ghostscript        . Ghostscript at work....    |
#                  | at work...         . (with "-sDEVICE=           |
#                  | (with              .            <replaceable>s.th.</replaceable>"        |
#                  | "-sDEVICE=cups")   .                            |
#                  |                    .                            |
#                  | (CUPS standard)    .      (cupsomatic)          |
#                  |                    .                            |
#                  |          (= "postscript interpreter")           |
#                  |                    .                            |
#                  +------------------v--------------v---------------+
#                                     |              |
#                                     |              |
# APPLICATION/VND.CUPS-RASTER &gt;-------+              |
#      |                                             |
#      |                                             |
#      V                                             |
#     rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable>                            |
#      |   (= "raster driver")                       |
#      |                                             |
#      V                                             |
# SOMETHING-DEVICE-SPECIFIC &gt;------------------------+
#      |
#      |
#      V
#     backend
#
#
# NOTE: Gimp-Print and some other 3rd-Party-Filters (like TurboPrint) to
#       CUPS and ESP PrintPro plug-in where rasterto<replaceable>something</replaceable> is noted.
#
##########################################################################
</programlisting>

</sect1>


<sect1>
<title>CUPS Print Drivers and Devices</title>

<para>
CUPS ships with good support for HP LaserJet type printers. You can install
the driver as follows:

<itemizedlist>
	<listitem><para>
	lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E -m laserjet.ppd
	</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>

(The "-m" switch will retrieve the "laserjet.ppd" from the standard repository
for not-yet-installed-PPDs, which CUPS typically stores in 
<filename>/usr/share/cups/model</filename>. Alternatively, you may use
"-P /absolute/filesystem/path/to/where/there/is/PPD/your.ppd").
</para>

<sect2>
<title>Further printing steps</title>

<para>
Always also consult the database on linuxprinting.org for all recommendations
about which driver is best used for each printer:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi">http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi</ulink></para>

<para>
There select your model and click on "Show". You'll arrive at a page listing
all drivers working with your model. There will always be *one* 
<emphasis>recommended</emphasis> one. Try this one first. In your case
("HP LaserJet 4 Plus"), you'll arrive here:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104">http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_printer.cgi?recnum=75104</ulink></para>

<para>
The recommended driver is "ljet4". It has a link to the page for the ljet4
driver too:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4">http://www.linuxprinting.org/show_driver.cgi?driver=ljet4</ulink>

<para>
On the driver's page, you'll find important and detailed info about how to use
that driver within the various available spoolers. You can generate a PPD for
CUPS. The PPD contains all the info about how to use your model and the driver;
this is, once installed, working transparently for the user -- you'll only
need to choose resolution, paper size etc. from the web-based menu or from
the print dialog GUI or from the commandline...
</para>

<para>
On the driver's page, choose to use the "PPD-O-Matic" online PPD generator
program. Select your model and click "Generate PPD file". When you safe the
appearing ASCII text file, don't use "cut'n'past" (as it could possiblly corrupt
line endings and tabs), but use "Save as..." in your browser's menu. Save it
at "/some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"
</para>

<para>
Then install the printer:
</para>
<para><programlisting>
    "lpadmin -p laserjet4plus -v parallel:/dev/lp0 -E \
          -P /some/path/on/your/filesystem/somewhere/my-name-for-my-printer.ppd"
</programlisting></para>

<para>
Note, that for all the "Foomatic-PPDs" from Linuxprinting.org, you also need
a special "CUPS filter" named "cupsomatic". Get the latest version of
"cupsomatic" from:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic">http://www.linuxprinting.org/cupsomatic</ulink></para>

<para>
This needs to be copied to <filename>/usr/lib/cups/filter/cupsomatic</filename>
and be made world executable. This filter is needed to read and act upon the
specially encoded Foomatic comments, embedded in the printfile, which in turn
are used to construct (transparently for you, the user) the complicated
ghostscript command line needed for your printer/driver combo.
</para>

<para>
You can have a look at all the options for the Ghostscript commandline supported
by your printer and the ljet4 driver by going to the section "Execution details",
selecting your model (Laserjet 4 Plus) and clicking on "Show execution details".
This will bring up this web page:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&amp;printer=75104&amp;.submit=Show+execution+details">http://www.linuxprinting.org/execution.cgi?driver=ljet4&amp;printer=75104&amp;.submit=Show+execution+details</ulink></para>

<para>
The ingenious thing is that the database is kept current. If there
is a bug fix and an improvement somewhere in the database, you will
always get the most current and stable and feature-rich driver by following
the steps described above.
</para>

<note><para>
Till Kamppeter from MandrakeSoft is doing an excellent job here that too few
people are aware of. (So if you use it often, please send him a note showing
your appreciation).</para></note>

<para>
The latest and greatest improvement now is support for "custom page sizes"
for all those printers which support it.
</para>

<para>
"cupsomatic" is documented here:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html">http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html</ulink></para>

<para>
More printing tutorial info may be found here:
</para>

<para><ulink url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/">http://www.linuxprinting.org/kpfeifle/LinuxKongress2002/Tutorial/</ulink></para>

<para>
Note, that *all* the Foomatic drivers listed on Linuxprinting.org (now
approaching the "all-time high" number of 1.000 for the supported models)
are using a special filtering chain involving Ghostscript, as described
in this document.
</para>

<para>
Summary - You need:
</para>

<para>
<simplelist>

	<member>A "foomatic+<replaceable>something</replaceable>" PPD is not enough to print with CUPS (but it is *one* important component)</member>
	<member>The "cupsomatic" filter script (Perl) in <filename>/usr/lib/cups/filters/</filename></member>
	<member>Perl to make cupsomatic run</member>
	<member>Ghostscript (because it is called and controlled by the PPD/cupsomatic combo in a way to fit your printermodel/driver combo.</member>
	<member>Ghostscript *must*, depending on the driver/model, contain support for a certain "device" (as shown by "gs -h")</member>
</simplelist>

<para>
In the case of the "hpijs" driver, you need a Ghostscript version, which
has "ijs" amongst its supported devices in "gs -h". In the case of
"hpijs+foomatic", a valid ghostscript commandline would be reading like this:
</para>

<para><programlisting>
       gs -q -dBATCH -dPARANOIDSAFER -dQUIET -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ijs       \
             -sIjsServer=hpijs<replaceable>PageSize</replaceable> -dDuplex=<replaceable>Duplex</replaceable> <replaceable>Model</replaceable>        \
             -r<replaceable>Resolution</replaceable>,PS:MediaPosition=<replaceable>InputSlot</replaceable> -dIjsUseOutputFD \
             -sOutputFile=- -
</programlisting></para>

<note><para>
Note, that with CUPS and the "hpijs+foomatic" PPD (plus Perl and cupsomatic)
you don't need to remember this. You can choose the available print options
thru a GUI print command (like "glp" from ESP's commercially supported
PrintPro software, or KDE's "kprinter", or GNOME's "gtklp" or the independent
"xpp") or the CUPS web interface via human-readable drop-down selection
menus.
</para></note>

<para>
If you use "ESP Ghostscript" (also under the GPL, provided by Easy Software
Products, the makers of CUPS, downloadable from
<ulink url="http://www.cups.org/software.html">http://www.cups.org/software.html</ulink>,
co-maintained by the developers of linuxprinting.org), you are guaranteed to
have in use the most uptodate, bug-fixed, enhanced and stable version of a Free
Ghostscript. It contains support for ~300 devices, whereas plain vanilla
GNU Ghostscript 7.05 only has ~200.
</para>

<para>
If you print only one CUPS test page, from the web interface and when you try to
print a windows test page, it acts like the job was never sent:

<simplelist>
	<member>Can you print "standard" jobs from the CUPS machine?</member>
	<member>Are the jobs from Windows visible in the Web interface on CUPS (http://localhost:631/)?</member>
	<member><emphasis>Most important:</emphasis> What kind of printer driver are you using on the Windows clients?</member>
</simplelist>

You can try to get a more detailed debugging info by setting "LogLevel debug" in
<filename>/etc/cups/cupsd.conf</filename>, re-start cupsd and investigate <filename>/var/log/cups/error_log</filename>
for the whereabouts of your Windows-originating printjobs:
</para>

<simplelist>
	<member>what does the "auto-typing" line say? which is the "MIME type" CUPS thinks is arriving from the Windows clients?</member>
	<member>are there "filter" available for this MIME type?</member>
	<member>are there "filter rules" defined in "/etc/cups/mime.convs" for this MIME type?</member>
</simplelist>

</sect1>


<sect1>
<title>Limiting the number of pages users can print</title>

<para>
The feature you want is dependent on the real print subsystem you're using.
Samba's part is always to receive the job files from the clients (filtered
*or* unfiltered) and hand it over to this printing subsystem.
</para>

<para>
Of course one could "hack" things with one's own scripts.
</para>

<para>
But there is CUPS (Common Unix Printing System). CUPS supports "quotas".
Quotas can be based on sizes of jobs or on the number of pages or both,
and are spanning any time period you want.
</para>

<para>
This is an example command how root would set a print quota in CUPS,
assuming an existing printer named "quotaprinter":
</para>

<programlisting>
  lpadmin -p quotaprinter -o job-quota-period=604800 -o job-k-limit=1024 \
       -o job-page-limit=100
</programlisting>

<para>
This would limit every single user to print 100 pages or 1024 KB of
data (whichever comes first) within the last 604.800 seconds ( = 1 week).
</para>

<para>
For CUPS to count correctly, the printfile needs to pass the CUPS "pstops" filter,
otherwise it uses a "dummy" count of "1". Some printfiles don't pass it
(eg: image files) but then those are mostly 1 page jobs anyway. This also means,
proprietary drivers for the target printer running on the client computers and
CUPS/Samba then spooling these files as "raw" (i.e. leaving them untouched, not
filtering them), will be counted as "1-pagers" too!
</para>

<para>
You need to send PostScript from the clients (i.e. run a PostScript driver there)
for having the chance to get accounting done. If the printer is a non-PostScript model,
you need to let CUPS do the job to convert the file to a print-ready format for the
target printer. This will be working for currently ~1.000 different printer models, see
</para>

<programlisting>
     http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi
</programlisting>

<para>
Before CUPS-1.1.16 your only option was to use the Adobe PostScript
Driver on the Windows clients. The output of this driver was not always
passed thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba side, and therefor was
not counted correctly (the reason is that it often --- depending on the
"PPD" being used --- did write a "PJL"-header in front of the real
PostScript which made CUPS to skip the pstops and go directy to
the "pstoraster" stage).
</para>

<para>
From CUPS-1.1.16 onward you can use the "CUPS PostScript Driver
for Windows NT/2K/XP clients" (it is tagged in the download area of
http://www.cups.org/ as the "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz" package).
It is *not* working for Win9x/ME clients. But it:
</para>

<simplelist>
	<member>>it guarantees to not write an PJL-header</member>
	<member>it guarantees to still read and support all PJL-options named in the driver PPD with its own means</member>
	<member>it guarantees the file going thru the "pstops" filter on the CUPS/Samba server</member>
	<member>it guarantees to page-count correctly the printfile</member>
</simplelist>

<para>
You can read more about the setup of this combination in the
manpage for "cupsaddsmb" (only present with CUPS installed, only
current with CUPS 1.1.16).
</para>

<para>
These are the items CUPS logs in the "page_log" for every single *page* of a job:
</para>

<para><programlisting>
	* Printer name
	* User name
	* Job ID
	* Time of printing
	* the page number
	* the number of copies
	* a billing info string (optional)
</programlisting></para>

<para>
Here is an extract of my CUPS server's page_log file to illustrate
the format and included items:
</para>

<para><programlisting>
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 1 2  #marketing
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 2 2  #marketing
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 3 2  #marketing
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 4 2  #marketing
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 5 2  #marketing
	infotec_IS2027 kurt 40 [22/Nov/2002:13:18:03 +0100] 6 2  #marketing
</programlisting></para>

<para>
This was Job ID "40", printed on "infotec_IS2027" by user "kurt", a 6-page job
printed in 2 copies and billed to "#marketing"...
</para>

<para>
What flaws or shortcomings are there?
</para>

<simplelist>
	<member>the ones named above</member>

	<member>
	CUPS really counts the job pages being *processsed in software*
	(going thru the "RIP") rather than the physical sheets successfully
	leaving the printing device -- if there is a jam while printing
	the 5th sheet out of 1000 and the job is aborted by the printer,
	the "page count" will still show the figure of 1000 for that job
	</member>

	<member>
	all quotas are the same for all users (no flexibility to give the
	boss a higher quota than the clerk) no support for groups
	</member>

	<member>
	no means to read out the current balance or "used-up" number of current quota
	</member>

	<member>
	a user having used up 99 sheets of 100 quota will still be able to send and print a 1.000 sheet job
	</member>

	<member>
	a user being denied a job because of a filled-up quota doesn't get a meaningful
	error message from CUPS other than "client-error-not-possible".
	</member>
</simplelist>

<para>
But this is the best system out there currently. And there are
huge improvements under development:
</para>

<simplelist>
	<member>page counting will go into the "backends" (these talk
	directly to the printer and will increase the count in sync with the
	 actual printing process  -- a jam at the 5th sheet will lead to a stop in the counting)</member>

	<member>quotas will be handled more flexibly</member>

	<member>probably there will be support for users to inquire their "accounts" in advance</member>

	<member>probably there will be support for some other tools around this topic</member>
</simplelist>

<para>
Other than the current stage of the CUPS development, I don't
know any other ready-to-use tool which you could consider.
</para>

<para>
You can download the driver files from
<ulink url="http://www.cups.org/software.html">http://www.cups.org/software.html</ulink>.
It is a separate package from the CUPS base software files, tagged as "CUPS 1.1.16
Windows NT/2k/XP Printer Driver for SAMBA (tar.gz, 192k)". The filename to
download is "cups-samba-1.1.16.tar.gz". Upon untar-/unzip-ping it will reveal
the files:
</para>

	<para>
	<programlisting>
	   cups-samba.install
	   cups-samba.license
	   cups-samba.readme
	   cups-samba.remove
	   cups-samba.ss
	</programlisting>
	</para>

<para>
These have been packaged with the ESP meta packager software "EPM". The
*.install and *.remove files are simple shell script, which untars the
*.ss (which is nothing else than a tar-archive) and puts its contents
into <filename>/usr/share/cups/drivers/</filename>. Its contents are 3 files:
</para>

	<para>
	<programlisting>
	   cupsdrvr.dll
	   cupsui.dll
	   cups.hlp
	</programlisting>
	</para>

<note><para>
ATTENTION: due to a bug one CUPS release puts the <filename>cups.hlp</filename>
into <filename>/usr/share/drivers/</filename> instead of
<filename>/usr/share/cups/drivers/</filename>. To work around this, copy/move
the file after running the "./cups-samba.install" script manually to the right place:
</para>

	<para>
	<programlisting>
	      cp /usr/share/drivers/cups.hlp /usr/share/cups/drivers/
	</programlisting>
	</para>
</note>

<note>
<para>
This new CUPS PostScript driver is currently binary-only, but free
no source code is provided (yet). The reason is this: it has
been developed with the help of the Microsoft Driver Developer Kit (DDK)
and compiled with Microsoft Visual Studio 6. It is not clear to the driver
developers if they are allowed to distribute the whole of the source code
as Free Software. However, they will likely release the "diff" in source
code under the GPL, so anybody with a license of Visual Studio and a DDK
will be able to compile for him/herself.
</para>

<para>
Once you have run the install script (and possibly manually moved the
"cups.hlp" file to "/usr/share/cups/drivers/"), the driver is ready to be
put into Samba's [print$] share (which often maps to "/etc/samba/drivers/"
and contains a subdir tree with WIN40 and W32X86 branches), by running
"cupsaddsmb" (see also "man cupsaddsmb" for CUPS 1.1.16). [Don't forget to
put root into the smbpasswd file by running "smbpasswd" should you run
this whole procedure for the first time.] Once the driver files are in the
[print$] share, they are ready to be downloaded and installed by the
Win NT/2k/XP clients.
</para></note>


	<note><para>
	NOTE 1: Win 9x/ME clients won't work with this driver. For these you'd
	still need to use the ADOBE*.* drivers as previously.
	</para></note>

	<note><para>
	NOTE 2: It is not harming if you've still the ADOBE*.* driver files from
	previous installations in the "/usr/share/cups/drivers/" directory.
	The new cupsaddsmb (from 1.1.16) will automatically use the
	"newest" installed driver (which here then is the CUPS drivers).
	</para></note>

	<note><para>
	NOTE 3: Should your Win clients have had the old ADOBE*.* files and the
	Adobe PostScript drivers installed, the download and installation
	of the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP will fail
	at first.
	</para>
	<para>
	It is not enough to "delete" the printer (as the driver files
	will still be kept by the clients and re-used if you try to
	re-install the printer). To really get rid of the Adobe driver
	files on the clients, open the "Printers" folder (possibly via
	"Start --> Settings --> Control Panel --> Printers"), right-click
	onto the folder background and select "Server Properties". A
	new dialog opens; select the "Drivers" tab; on the list select
	the driver you want to delete and click on the "Delete" button.
	(This will only work if there is no single printer left which
	uses that particular driver -- you need to "delete" all printers
	using this driver in the "Printers" folder first.)
	</para>
	</note>

	<note><para>
	Once you have successfully downloaded the CUPS PostScript driver
	to a client, you can easily switch all printers to this one
	by proceeding as described elsewhere in the "Samba HOWTO
	Collection" to change a driver for an existing printer.
	</para></note>

<para>
What are the benefits with the "CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2k/XP"
as compared to the Adobe drivers?
</para>
       
<para>
<itemizedlist>
	<listitem><para>
	no hassle with the Adobe EULA
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	no hassle with the question "where do I get the ADOBE*.* driver files from?"
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the Adobe drivers (depending on the printer PPD associated with them)
	often put a PJL header in front of the core PostScript part of the print
	file (thus the file starts with "<replaceable>1B</replaceable>%-12345X" or "<replaceable>escape</replaceable>%-12345X"
	instead of "%!PS"). This leads to the CUPS daemon autotyping the
	arriving file as a print-ready file, not requiring a pass thru the
	"pstops" filter (to speak more technical, it is not regarded as the
	generic MIME type "application/postscript", but as the more special
	MIME type "application/cups.vnd-postscript"), which therefore also
	leads to the page accounting in "/var/log/cups/page_log" not receiving
	the exact mumber of pages; instead the dummy page number of "1" is
	logged in a standard setup)
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the Adobe driver has more options to "mis-configure" the PostScript
	generated by it (like setting it inadvertedly to "Optimize for Speed",
	instead of "Optimize for Portability", which could lead to CUPS being
	unable to process it)
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the CUPS PostScript driver output sent by Windows clients to the CUPS
	server will be guaranteed to be auto-typed as generic MIME type
	"application/postscript", thusly passing thru the CUPS "pstops" filter
	and logging the correct number of pages in the page_log for accounting
	and quota purposes
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the CUPS PostScript driver supports the sending of additional print
	options by the Win NT/2k/XP clients, such as naming the CUPS standard
	banner pages (or the custom ones, should they be installed at the time
	of driver download), using the CUPS "page-label" option, setting a
	job-priority and setting the scheduled time of printing (with the option
	to support additional useful IPP job attributes in the future).
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the CUPS PostScript driver supports the inclusion of the new
	"*cupsJobTicket" comments at the beginnig of the PostScript file (which
	could be used in the future for all sort of beneficial extensions on
	the CUPS side, but which will not disturb any other application as those
	will regard it as a comment and simply ignore it).
	</para></listitem>

	<listitem><para>
	the CUPS PostScript driver will be the heart of the fully fledged CUPS
	IPP client for Windows NT/2k/XP to be released soon (probably alongside
	the first Beta release for CUPS 1.2).
	</para></listitem>

</itemizedlist>
</para>
</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>Advanced Postscript Printing from MS Windows</title>

<para>
Let the Windows Clients use a PostScript driver to deliver poistscript to
the samba print server (just like any Linux or Unix Client would also use
PostScript to send to the server)
</para>

<para>
Make the Unix printing subsystem to which Samba sends the job convert the
incoming PostScript files to the native print format of the target printers
(would be PCL if you have an HP printer)
</para>

<para>
Now if you are afraid that this would just mean using a *Generic* PostScript
driver for the clients that has no Simplex/Duplex selection, and no paper tray
choice, but you need them to be able to set up print jobs, with all the bells
and whistles of your printers:-
</para>

<simplelist>
	<member>Not possible with traditional spooling systems</member>

	<member>
	But perfectly supported by CUPS (which uses "PPD" files to
	describe how to control the print options for PostScript and
	non-PostScript devices alike...
	</member>
</simplelist>

<para>
CUPS PPDs are working perfectly on Windows clients who use Adobe PostScript
drivers (or the new CUPS PostScript driver for Windows NT/2K/XP). Clients can use
them to setup the job to their liking and CUPS will use the received job options
to make the (PCL-, ESC/P- or PostScript-) printer behave as required.
</para>

<para>
If you want to have the additional benefit of page count logging and accounting
then the CUPS PostScript driver is the best choice (better than the Adobe one).
</para>

<para>
If you want to make the drivers downloadable for the clients then "cupsaddsmb" is
your friend. It will setup the [print$] share on the Samba host to be ready to serve
the clients for a "point and print" driver installation.
</para>

<warning>
<para>What strings are attached?</para></warning>

<para>
There are some. But, given the sheer CPU power you can buy nowadays,
these can be overcome easily. The strings:
</para>

<para>
Well, if the CUPS/Samba side will have to print to many printers serving many users,
you probably will need to set up a second server (which can do automatic load balancing
with the first one, plus a degree of fail-over mechanism). Converting the incoming
PostScript jobs, "interpreting" them for non-PostScript printers, amounts to the work
of a "RIP" (Raster Image Processor) done in software. This requires more CPU and RAM
than for the mere "raw spooling" task your current setup is solving. It all depends
on the avarage and peak printing load the server should be able to handle.
</para>

</sect1>

<sect1>
<title>Auto-Deletion of CUPS spool files</title>

<para>
Samba print files pass thru two "spool" directories. One the incoming directory
managed by Samba, (set eg: in the "path = /var/spool/samba" directive in the [printers]
section of "smb.conf"). Second is the spool directory of your UNIX print subsystem.
For CUPS it is normally "/var/spool/cups/", as set by the cupsd.conf directive
"RequestRoot /var/spool/cups".
</para>

<para>
I am not sure, which one of your directories keeps the files.  From what you say,
it is most likely the Samba part.
</para>

<para>
For the CUPS part, you may want to consult:
</para>

<programlisting>
   http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobFiles and
   http://localhost:631/sam.html#PreserveJobHistory and
   http://localhost:631/sam.html#MaxJobs
</programlisting>

<para>
There are the settings described for your CUPS daemon, which could lead to completed
job files not being deleted.
</para>

<para>
"PreserveJobHistory Yes" -- keeps some details of jobs in
cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "c12345", "c12346" etc. files
in the CUPS spool directory, which do a similar job as the
old-fashioned BSD-LPD control files). This is set to "Yes"
as a default.
</para>

<para>
"PreserveJobFiles Yes" -- keeps the job files themselves in
cupsd's mind (well it keeps the "d12345", "d12346" etc. files
in the CUPS spool directory...). This is set to "No" as the
CUPS default.
</para>

<para>
"MaxJobs 500" -- this directive controls the maximum number
of jobs that are kept in memory. Once the number of jobs
reaches the limit, the oldest completed job is automatically
purged from the system to make room for the new one. If all
of the known jobs are still pending or active then the new
job will be rejected. Setting the maximum to 0 disables this
functionality. The default setting is 0.
</para>

<para>
(There are also additional settings for "MaxJobsPerUser" and
"MaxJobsPerPrinter"...)
</para>

<para>
For everything to work as announced, you need to have three things:
</para>

<simplelist>

	<member>
	a Samba-smbd which is compiled against "libcups" (Check on Linux by running "ldd `which smbd`")
	</member>

	<member>
	a Samba-smb.conf setting of "printing = cups"
	</member>

	<member>
	another Samba-smb.conf setting of "printcap = cups"
	</member>

</simplelist>

<note><para>
Note, that in this case all other manually set printing-related
commands (like "print command", "lpq command", "lprm command",
"lppause command" or "lpresume command") are ignored and they
should normally have no influence what-so-ever on your printing.
</para></note>

<para>
If you want to do things manually, replace the "printing = cups"
by "printing = bsd". Then your manually set commands may work
(haven't tested this), and a "print command = lp -d %P %s; rm %s"
may do what you need.
</para>

<para>
You forgot to mention the CUPS version you're using. If you did
set things up as described in the man pages, then the Samba
spool files should be deleted. Otherwise it may be a bug. On
the CUPS side, you can control the behaviour as described
above.
</para>

<para>
If you have more problems, post the output of these commands:
</para>

<para>
<programlisting>
   grep -v ^# /etc/cups/cupsd.conf | grep -v ^$
   grep -v ^# /etc/samba/smb.conf | grep -v ^$ | grep -v "^;"
</programlisting>
</para>

<para>
(adapt paths as needed). These commands sanitize the files
and cut out the empty lines and lines with comments, providing
the "naked settings" in a compact way.
</para>
</sect1>
</chapter>