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<html><head><title>winbindd (1)</title>
<link rev="made" href="mailto:samba-bugs@samba.org">
</head>
<body>
<hr>
<h1>winbindd (1)</h1>
<h2>Samba</h2>
<h2>8 May 2000</h2>
<p><a name="NAME"></a>
<h2>NAME</h2>
winbindd - Name Service Switch daemon for resolving names from NT servers
<p><a name="SYNOPSIS"></a>
<h2>SYNOPSIS</h2>
<p><strong>winbindd</strong> [<a href="winbindd.8.html#minusd">-d debuglevel</a>] [<a href="winbindd.8.html#minusi">-i</a>]
<p><a name="DESCRIPTION"></a>
<h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
<p>This program is part of the <strong>Samba</strong> suite version 3.0 and describes
functionality not yet implemented in the main version of Samba.
<p><strong>winbindd</strong> is a daemon that provides a service for the Name Service
Switch capability that is present in most modern C libraries. The Name
Service Switch allows user and system information to be obtained from
different databases services such as NIS or DNS. The exact behaviour can
be configured throught the <code>/etc/nsswitch.conf</code> file. Users and groups
are allocated as they are resolved to a range of user and group ids
specified by the administrator of the Samba system.
<p>The service provided by <strong>winbindd</strong> is called `winbind' and can be used to
resolve user and group information from a Windows NT server.
<p>The following nsswitch databases are implemented by the <strong>winbindd</strong>
service:
<p><dl>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>passwd</strong><dd>
<p>User information traditionally stored in the <strong>passwd(5)</strong> file and used by
<strong>getpwent(3)</strong> functions.
<p><p></p><dt><strong>group</strong><dd>
<p>Group information traditionally stored in the <strong>group(5)</strong> file and used by
<strong>getgrent(3)</strong> functions.
<p></dl>
<p>For example, the following simple configuration in the
<code>/etc/nsswitch.conf</code> file can be used to initially resolve user and group
information from <code>/etc/passwd</code> and <code>/etc/group</code> and then from the
Windows NT server.
<p><code>passwd: files winbind</code>
<p><code>group: files winbind</code>
<p><a name="OPTIONS"></a>
<h2>OPTIONS</h2>
<p>The following options are available to the <strong>winbindd</strong> daemon:
<p><dl>
<p><a name="minusd"></a>
<p></p><dt><strong><strong>-d debuglevel</strong></strong><dd>
Sets the debuglevel to an integer between 0 and 100. 0 is for no debugging
and 100 is for reams and reams. To submit a bug report to the Samba Team,
use debug level 100 (see <strong>BUGS.txt</strong>).
<p><a name="minusi"></a>
<p></p><dt><strong><strong>-i</strong></strong><dd>
Tells winbindd to not become a daemon and detach from the current terminal.
This option is used by developers when interactive debugging of winbindd is
required.
<p></dl>
<p><a name="NAMEANDIDRESOLUTION"></a>
<h2>NAME AND ID RESOLUTION</h2>
<p>Users and groups on a Windows NT server are assigned a relative id (rid)
which is unique for the domain when the user or group is created. To
convert the Windows NT user or group into a unix user or group, a mapping
between rids and unix user and group ids is required. This is one of the
jobs that <strong>winbindd</strong> performs.
<p>As <strong>winbindd</strong> users and groups are resolved from a server, user and group
ids are allocated from a specified range. This is done on a first come,
first served basis, although all existing users and groups will be mapped
as soon as a client performs a user or group enumeration command. The
allocated unix ids are stored in a database file under the Samba lock
directory and will be remembered.
<p>WARNING: The rid to unix id database is the only location where the user
and group mappings are stored by <strong>winbindd</strong>. If this file is deleted or
corrupted, there is no way for <strong>winbindd</strong> to determine which user and
group ids correspond to Windows NT user and group rids.
<p><a name="CONFIGURATION"></a>
<h2>CONFIGURATION</h2>
<p>Configuration of the <strong>winbindd</strong> daemon is done through configuration
parameters in the <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><strong>smb.conf</strong></a> file. All parameters
should be specified in the [global] section of
<a href="smb.conf.5.html"><strong>smb.conf</strong></a>.
<p><dl>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>winbind uid</strong><dd>
<p>The winbind uid parameter specifies the range of user ids that are
allocated by the <a href="winbindd.8.html"><strong>winbindd</strong></a> daemon. This range of
ids should have no existing local or nis users within it as strange
conflicts can occur otherwise.
<p><strong>Default:</strong>
<code> winbind uid = <empty string></code>
<p><strong>Example:</strong>
<code> winbind uid = 10000-20000</code>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>winbind gid</strong><dd>
<p>The winbind gid parameter specifies the range of group ids that are
allocated by the <a href="winbindd.8.html"><strong>winbindd</strong></a> daemon. This range of
group ids should have no existing local or nis groups within it as strange
conflicts can occur otherwise.
<p><strong>Default:</strong>
<code> winbind gid = <empty string></code>
<p><strong>Example:</strong>
<code> winbind gid = 10000-20000</code>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>winbind cache time</strong><dd>
<p>This parameter specifies the number of seconds the
<a href="winbindd.8.html"><strong>winbindd</strong></a> daemon will cache user and group
information before querying a Windows NT server again.
<p><strong>Default:</strong>
<code> winbind cache type = 15</code>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>template homedir</strong><dd>
<p>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the
<a href="winbindd.8.html"><strong>winbindd</strong></a> daemon uses this parameter to fill in
the home directory for that user. If the string <code>%D</code> is present it is
substituted with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the string <code>%U</code>
is present it is substituted with the user's Windows NT user name.
<p><strong>Default:</strong>
<code> template homedir = /home/%D/%U</code>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>template shell</strong><dd>
<p>When filling out the user information for a Windows NT user, the
<a href="winbindd.8.html"><strong>winbindd</strong></a> daemon uses this parameter to fill in
the home directory for that user. If the string <code>%D</code> is present it is
substituted with the user's Windows NT domain name. If the string <code>%U</code>
is present it is substituted with the user's Windows NT user name.
<p><strong>Default:</strong>
<code> template homedir = /home/%D/%U</code>
<p></dl>
<p><a name="FILES"></a>
<h2>FILES</h2>
<p>The following files are relevant to the operation of the <strong>winbindd</strong>
daemon.
<p><dl>
<p><p></p><dt><strong>/etc/nsswitch.conf(5)</strong><dd>
<p>Name service switch configuration file.
<p><p></p><dt><strong>/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</strong><dd>
<p>The UNIX pipe over which clients communicate with the <strong>winbindd</strong> program.
For security reasons, the winbind client will only attempt to connect to the
<strong>winbindd</strong> daemon if both the <code>/tmp/.winbindd</code> directory and
<code>/tmp/.winbindd/pipe</code> file are owned by root.
<p><p></p><dt><strong>/lib/libnss_winbind.so.X</strong><dd>
<p>Implementation of name service switch library.
<p><p></p><dt><strong>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_idmap.tdb</strong><dd>
<p>Storage for the Windows NT rid to UNIX user/group id mapping. If this file
is damaged or destroyed then the mappings will be lost.
<p>The lock directory is specified when Samba is initially compiled using the
<code>--with-lockdir</code> option. This directory is by default
<code>/usr/local/samba/var/locks</code>.
<p><p></p><dt><strong>$LOCKDIR/winbindd_cache.tdb</strong><dd>
<p>Storage for cached user and group information.
<p></dl>
<p><a name="SEEALSO"></a>
<h2>SEE ALSO</h2>
<p><a href="samba.7.html"><strong>samba(7)</strong></a>, <a href="smb.conf.5.html"><strong>smb.conf(5)</strong></a>,
<strong>nsswitch.conf(5)</strong>
<p><a name="AUTHOR"></a>
<h2>AUTHOR</h2>
<p>The original Samba software and related utilities were created by
Andrew Tridgell <a href="mailto:samba-bugs@samba.org"><em>samba-bugs@samba.org</em></a>. Samba is now developed
by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the
Linux kernel is developed.
<p>Winbindd was written by Tim Potter.
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