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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
<!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
<refentry id="nmbd.8">
<refmeta>
<refentrytitle>nmbd</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
</refmeta>
<refnamediv>
<refname>nmbd</refname>
<refpurpose>NetBIOS name server to provide NetBIOS
over IP naming services to clients</refpurpose>
</refnamediv>
<refsynopsisdiv>
<cmdsynopsis>
<command>nmbd</command>
<arg choice="opt">-D</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-F</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-S</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-a</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-i</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-o</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-h</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-V</arg>
<arg choice="opt">-d <debug level></arg>
<arg choice="opt">-H <lmhosts file></arg>
<arg choice="opt">-l <log directory></arg>
<arg choice="opt">-p <port number></arg>
<arg choice="opt">-s <configuration file></arg>
</cmdsynopsis>
</refsynopsisdiv>
<refsect1>
<title>DESCRIPTION</title>
<para>This program is part of the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
<para><command>nmbd</command> is a server that understands
and can reply to NetBIOS over IP name service requests, like
those produced by SMB/CIFS clients such as Windows 95/98/ME,
Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP and LanManager clients. It also
participates in the browsing protocols which make up the
Windows "Network Neighborhood" view.</para>
<para>SMB/CIFS clients, when they start up, may wish to
locate an SMB/CIFS server. That is, they wish to know what
IP number a specified host is using.</para>
<para>Amongst other services, <command>nmbd</command> will
listen for such requests, and if its own NetBIOS name is
specified it will respond with the IP number of the host it
is running on. Its "own NetBIOS name" is by
default the primary DNS name of the host it is running on,
but this can be overridden by the <smbconfoption><name>netbios name</name></smbconfoption>
in &smb.conf;. Thus <command>nmbd</command> will
reply to broadcast queries for its own name(s). Additional
names for <command>nmbd</command> to respond on can be set
via parameters in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> configuration file.</para>
<para><command>nmbd</command> can also be used as a WINS
(Windows Internet Name Server) server. What this basically means
is that it will act as a WINS database server, creating a
database from name registration requests that it receives and
replying to queries from clients for these names.</para>
<para>In addition, <command>nmbd</command> can act as a WINS
proxy, relaying broadcast queries from clients that do
not understand how to talk the WINS protocol to a WINS
server.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>OPTIONS</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term>-D</term>
<listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
<command>nmbd</command> to operate as a daemon. That is,
it detaches itself and runs in the background, fielding
requests on the appropriate port. By default, <command>nmbd</command>
will operate as a daemon if launched from a command shell.
nmbd can also be operated from the <command>inetd</command>
meta-daemon, although this is not recommended.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-F</term>
<listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
the main <command>nmbd</command> process to not daemonize,
i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal.
Child processes are still created as normal to service
each connection request, but the main process does not
exit. This operation mode is suitable for running
<command>nmbd</command> under process supervisors such
as <command>supervise</command> and <command>svscan</command>
from Daniel J. Bernstein's <command>daemontools</command>
package, or the AIX process monitor.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-S</term>
<listitem><para>If specified, this parameter causes
<command>nmbd</command> to log to standard output rather
than a file.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term>-i</term>
<listitem><para>If this parameter is specified it causes the
server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the
server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this
parameter negates the implicit daemon mode when run from the
command line. <command>nmbd</command> also logs to standard
output, as if the <constant>-S</constant> parameter had been
given. </para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
&stdarg.help;
<varlistentry>
<term>-H <filename></term>
<listitem><para>NetBIOS lmhosts file. The lmhosts
file is a list of NetBIOS names to IP addresses that
is loaded by the nmbd server and used via the name
resolution mechanism <smbconfoption><name>name resolve order</name></smbconfoption> described in <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> to resolve any
NetBIOS name queries needed by the server. Note
that the contents of this file are <emphasis>NOT</emphasis>
used by <command>nmbd</command> to answer any name queries.
Adding a line to this file affects name NetBIOS resolution
from this host <emphasis>ONLY</emphasis>.</para>
<para>The default path to this file is compiled into
Samba as part of the build process. Common defaults
are <filename>/usr/local/samba/lib/lmhosts</filename>,
<filename>/usr/samba/lib/lmhosts</filename> or
<filename>/etc/samba/lmhosts</filename>. See the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>lmhosts</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> man page for details on the contents of this file.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
&popt.common.samba;
<varlistentry>
<term>-p <UDP port number></term>
<listitem><para>UDP port number is a positive integer value.
This option changes the default UDP port number (normally 137)
that <command>nmbd</command> responds to name queries on. Don't
use this option unless you are an expert, in which case you
won't need help!</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>FILES</title>
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/inetd.conf</filename></term>
<listitem><para>If the server is to be run by the
<command>inetd</command> meta-daemon, this file
must contain suitable startup information for the
meta-daemon.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/rc</filename></term>
<listitem><para>or whatever initialization script your
system uses).</para>
<para>If running the server as a daemon at startup,
this file will need to contain an appropriate startup
sequence for the server.</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/etc/services</filename></term>
<listitem><para>If running the server via the
meta-daemon <command>inetd</command>, this file
must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn)
to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp).
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><filename>/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename></term>
<listitem><para>This is the default location of
the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> server
configuration file. Other common places that systems
install this file are <filename>/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf</filename>
and <filename>/etc/samba/smb.conf</filename>.</para>
<para>When run as a WINS server (see the
<smbconfoption><name>wins support</name></smbconfoption>
parameter in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> man page),
<command>nmbd</command>
will store the WINS database in the file <filename>wins.dat</filename>
in the <filename>var/locks</filename> directory configured under
wherever Samba was configured to install itself.</para>
<para>If <command>nmbd</command> is acting as a <emphasis>
browse master</emphasis> (see the <smbconfoption><name>local master</name></smbconfoption>
parameter in the <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> man page, <command>nmbd</command>
will store the browsing database in the file <filename>browse.dat
</filename> in the <filename>var/locks</filename> directory
configured under wherever Samba was configured to install itself.
</para></listitem>
</varlistentry>
</variablelist>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SIGNALS</title>
<para>To shut down an <command>nmbd</command> process it is recommended
that SIGKILL (-9) <emphasis>NOT</emphasis> be used, except as a last
resort, as this may leave the name database in an inconsistent state.
The correct way to terminate <command>nmbd</command> is to send it
a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for it to die on its own.</para>
<para><command>nmbd</command> will accept SIGHUP, which will cause
it to dump out its namelists into the file <filename>namelist.debug
</filename> in the <filename>/usr/local/samba/var/locks</filename>
directory (or the <filename>var/locks</filename> directory configured
under wherever Samba was configured to install itself). This will also
cause <command>nmbd</command> to dump out its server database in
the <filename>log.nmb</filename> file.</para>
<para>The debug log level of nmbd may be raised or lowered
using <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbcontrol</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> (SIGUSR[1|2] signals
are no longer used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow
transient problems to be diagnosed, whilst still running
at a normally low log level.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>VERSION</title>
<para>This man page is correct for version 3.0 of
the Samba suite.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>SEE ALSO</title>
<para>
<citerefentry><refentrytitle>inetd</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbd</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smb.conf</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>smbclient</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testparm</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>testprns</refentrytitle>
<manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>, and the Internet
RFC's <filename>rfc1001.txt</filename>, <filename>rfc1002.txt</filename>.
In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available
as a link from the Web page <ulink noescape="1" url="http://samba.org/cifs/">
http://samba.org/cifs/</ulink>.</para>
</refsect1>
<refsect1>
<title>AUTHOR</title>
<para>The original Samba software and related utilities
were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>
<para>The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer.
The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another
excellent piece of Open Source software, available at <ulink url="ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/">
ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/</ulink>) and updated for the Samba 2.0
release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to DocBook for
Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook
XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.</para>
</refsect1>
</refentry>
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