path: root/docs/manpages/smbd.8

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.\" from a DocBook document.  This tool can be found at:
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.\" Please send any bug reports, improvements, comments, patches, 
.\" etc. to Steve Cheng <steve@ggi-project.org>.
.TH "SMBD" "8" "19 april 2003" "" ""

.SH NAME
smbd \- server to provide SMB/CIFS services to clients
.SH SYNOPSIS

\fBsmbd\fR [ \fB-D\fR ] [ \fB-F\fR ] [ \fB-S\fR ] [ \fB-i\fR ] [ \fB-h\fR ] [ \fB-V\fR ] [ \fB-b\fR ] [ \fB-d <debug level>\fR ] [ \fB-l <log directory>\fR ] [ \fB-p <port number>\fR ] [ \fB-O <socket option>\fR ] [ \fB-s <configuration file>\fR ]

.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.PP
This program is part of the \fBSamba\fR(7) suite.
.PP
\fBsmbd\fR is the server daemon that 
provides filesharing and printing services to Windows clients. 
The server provides filespace and printer services to
clients using the SMB (or CIFS) protocol. This is compatible 
with the LanManager protocol, and can service LanManager 
clients.  These include MSCLIENT 3.0 for DOS, Windows for 
Workgroups, Windows 95/98/ME, Windows NT, Windows 2000, 
OS/2, DAVE for Macintosh, and smbfs for Linux.
.PP
An extensive description of the services that the 
server can provide is given in the man page for the 
configuration file controlling the attributes of those 
services (see \fBsmb.conf\fR(5).  This man page will not describe the 
services, but will concentrate on the administrative aspects 
of running the server.
.PP
Please note that there are significant security 
implications to running this server, and the \fBsmb.conf\fR(5) manual page should be regarded as mandatory reading before 
proceeding with installation.
.PP
A session is created whenever a client requests one. 
Each client gets a copy of the server for each session. This 
copy then services all connections made by the client during 
that session. When all connections from its client are closed, 
the copy of the server for that client terminates.
.PP
The configuration file, and any files that it includes, 
are automatically reloaded every minute, if they change.  You 
can force a reload by sending a SIGHUP to the server.  Reloading 
the configuration file will not affect connections to any service 
that is already established.  Either the user will have to 
disconnect from the service, or \fBsmbd\fR killed and restarted.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.TP
\fB-D\fR
If specified, this parameter causes 
the server to operate as a daemon. That is, it detaches 
itself and runs in the background, fielding requests 
on the appropriate port. Operating the server as a
daemon is the recommended way of running \fBsmbd\fR for 
servers that provide more than casual use file and 
print services.  This switch is assumed if \fBsmbd
\fR is executed on the command line of a shell.
.TP
\fB-F\fR
If specified, this parameter causes
the main \fBsmbd\fR process to not daemonize,
i.e. double-fork and disassociate with the terminal.
Child processes are still created as normal to service
each connection request, but the main process does not
exit. This operation mode is suitable for running
\fBsmbd\fR under process supervisors such
as \fBsupervise\fR and \fBsvscan\fR
from Daniel J. Bernstein's \fBdaemontools\fR
package, or the AIX process monitor.
.TP
\fB-S\fR
If specified, this parameter causes
\fBsmbd\fR to log to standard output rather
than a file.
.TP
\fB-i\fR
If this parameter is specified it causes the
server to run "interactively", not as a daemon, even if the
server is executed on the command line of a shell. Setting this
parameter negates the implicit deamon mode when run from the
command line. \fBsmbd\fR also logs to standard
output, as if the \fB-S\fR parameter had been
given.
.TP
\fB-V\fR
Prints the version number for 
\fBsmbd\fR.
.TP
\fB-s <configuration file>\fR
The file specified contains the 
configuration details required by the server.  The 
information in this file includes server-specific
information such as what printcap file to use, as well 
as descriptions of all the services that the server is 
to provide. See \fIsmb.conf(5)\fR for more information.
The default configuration file name is determined at 
compile time.
.TP
\fB-d|--debug=debuglevel\fR
\fIdebuglevel\fR is an integer 
from 0 to 10.  The default value if this parameter is 
not specified is zero.

The higher this value, the more detail will be 
logged to the log files about the activities of the 
server. At level 0, only critical errors and serious 
warnings will be logged. Level 1 is a reasonable level for
day to day running - it generates a small amount of 
information about operations carried out.

Levels above 1 will generate considerable 
amounts of log data, and should only be used when 
investigating a problem. Levels above 3 are designed for 
use only by developers and generate HUGE amounts of log
data, most of which is extremely cryptic.

Note that specifying this parameter here will 
override the log
level file.
.TP
\fB-l|--logfile=logbasename\fR
File name for log/debug files. The extension
".client" will be appended. The log file is
never removed by the client.
.TP
\fB-h|--help\fR
Print a summary of command line options.
.TP
\fB-b\fR
Prints information about how 
Samba was built.
.TP
\fB-l <log directory>\fR
If specified,
\fIlog directory\fR 
specifies a log directory into which the "log.smbd" log
file will be created for informational and debug 
messages from the running server. The log 
file generated is never removed by the server although 
its size may be controlled by the \fImax log size\fR
option in the \fBsmb.conf\fR(5) file. \fBBeware:\fR
If the directory specified does not exist, \fBsmbd\fR
will log to the default debug log location defined at compile time.

The default log directory is specified at
compile time.
.TP
\fB-p <port number>\fR
\fIport number\fR is a positive integer 
value.  The default value if this parameter is not 
specified is 139.

This number is the port number that will be 
used when making connections to the server from client 
software. The standard (well-known) port number for the 
SMB over TCP is 139, hence the default. If you wish to 
run the server as an ordinary user rather than
as root, most systems will require you to use a port 
number greater than 1024 - ask your system administrator 
for help if you are in this situation.

In order for the server to be useful by most 
clients, should you configure it on a port other 
than 139, you will require port redirection services 
on port 139, details of which are outlined in rfc1002.txt 
section 4.3.5.

This parameter is not normally specified except 
in the above situation.
.SH "FILES"
.TP
\fB\fI/etc/inetd.conf\fB\fR
If the server is to be run by the 
\fBinetd\fR meta-daemon, this file 
must contain suitable startup information for the 
meta-daemon. See the "How to Install and Test SAMBA"
document for details.
.TP
\fB\fI/etc/rc\fB\fR
or whatever initialization script your 
system uses).

If running the server as a daemon at startup, 
this file will need to contain an appropriate startup 
sequence for the server. See the "How to Install and Test SAMBA"
document for details.
.TP
\fB\fI/etc/services\fB\fR
If running the server via the 
meta-daemon \fBinetd\fR, this file 
must contain a mapping of service name (e.g., netbios-ssn) 
to service port (e.g., 139) and protocol type (e.g., tcp). 
See the "How to Install and Test SAMBA"
document for details.
.TP
\fB\fI/usr/local/samba/lib/smb.conf\fB\fR
This is the default location of the \fBsmb.conf\fR(5) server configuration file. Other common places that systems 
install this file are \fI/usr/samba/lib/smb.conf\fR 
and \fI/etc/samba/smb.conf\fR.

This file describes all the services the server 
is to make available to clients. See \fBsmb.conf\fR(5) for more information.
.SH "LIMITATIONS"
.PP
On some systems \fBsmbd\fR cannot change uid back 
to root after a setuid() call.  Such systems are called 
trapdoor uid systems. If you have such a system, 
you will be unable to connect from a client (such as a PC) as 
two different users at once. Attempts to connect the
second user will result in access denied or 
similar.
.SH "ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES"
.TP
\fBPRINTER\fR
If no printer name is specified to 
printable services, most systems will use the value of 
this variable (or lp if this variable is 
not defined) as the name of the printer to use. This 
is not specific to the server, however.
.SH "PAM INTERACTION"
.PP
Samba uses PAM for authentication (when presented with a plaintext 
password), for account checking (is this account disabled?) and for
session management.  The degree too which samba supports PAM is restricted
by the limitations of the SMB protocol and the \fIobey 
pam restricions\fR \fBsmb.conf\fR(5) paramater.  When this is set, the following restrictions apply:
.TP 0.2i
\(bu
\fBAccount Validation\fR:  All accesses to a 
samba server are checked 
against PAM to see if the account is vaild, not disabled and is permitted to 
login at this time.  This also applies to encrypted logins.
.TP 0.2i
\(bu
\fBSession Management\fR:  When not using share 
level secuirty, users must pass PAM's session checks before access 
is granted.  Note however, that this is bypassed in share level secuirty.  
Note also that some older pam configuration files may need a line 
added for session support. 
.SH "VERSION"
.PP
This man page is correct for version 3.0 of 
the Samba suite.
.SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
.PP
Most diagnostics issued by the server are logged 
in a specified log file. The log file name is specified 
at compile time, but may be overridden on the command line.
.PP
The number and nature of diagnostics available depends 
on the debug level used by the server. If you have problems, set 
the debug level to 3 and peruse the log files.
.PP
Most messages are reasonably self-explanatory. Unfortunately, 
at the time this man page was created, there are too many diagnostics 
available in the source code to warrant describing each and every 
diagnostic. At this stage your best bet is still to grep the 
source code and inspect the conditions that gave rise to the 
diagnostics you are seeing.
.SH "SIGNALS"
.PP
Sending the \fBsmbd\fR a SIGHUP will cause it to 
reload its \fIsmb.conf\fR configuration 
file within a short period of time.
.PP
To shut down a user's \fBsmbd\fR process it is recommended 
that \fBSIGKILL (-9)\fR \fBNOT\fR 
be used, except as a last resort, as this may leave the shared
memory area in an inconsistent state. The safe way to terminate 
an \fBsmbd\fR is to send it a SIGTERM (-15) signal and wait for 
it to die on its own.
.PP
The debug log level of \fBsmbd\fR may be raised
or lowered using \fBsmbcontrol\fR(1) program (SIGUSR[1|2] signals are no longer 
used since Samba 2.2). This is to allow transient problems to be diagnosed, 
whilst still running at a normally low log level.
.PP
Note that as the signal handlers send a debug write, 
they are not re-entrant in \fBsmbd\fR. This you should wait until 
\fBsmbd\fR is in a state of waiting for an incoming SMB before 
issuing them. It is possible to make the signal handlers safe 
by un-blocking the signals before the select call and re-blocking 
them after, however this would affect performance.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.PP
\fBhosts_access\fR(5), \fBinetd\fR(8), \fBnmbd\fR(8), \fBsmb.conf\fR(5), \fBsmbclient\fR(1), \fBtestparm\fR(1), \fBtestprns\fR(1), and the 
Internet RFC's \fIrfc1001.txt\fR, \fIrfc1002.txt\fR. 
In addition the CIFS (formerly SMB) specification is available 
as a link from the Web page  
http://samba.org/cifs/ <URL:http://samba.org/cifs/>.
.SH "AUTHOR"
.PP
The original Samba software and related utilities 
were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar 
to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
.PP
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. 
The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another 
excellent piece of Open Source software, available at  ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/ <URL:ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/>) and updated for the Samba 2.0 
release by Jeremy Allison.  The conversion to DocBook for 
Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for
Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.