path: root/docs/textdocs/Solaris-Winbind-HOWTO.txt

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!== Solaris-Winbind-HOWTO.txt
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Contributors:   Naag Mummaneni <getnag@rediffmail.com>
Updated:        May 2, 2002
Status:         Current

Subject:        Installing and Configuring Winbind on Solaris
=============================================================================

Installation and Configuration of Winbind on Solaris.
-----------------------------------------------------

This HOWTO describes how to get winbind services up and running to control
access and authenticate users on your Solaris box using the winbind services
which come with SAMBA 2.2.x latest CVS Checkout.Make sure you are using the
latest Samba 2.2.x cvs checkout as other versions come with a lots of bugs
regarding winbind .And even the Latest Samba Stable Release is also not an
exception to this.

Introduction
------------

This HOWTO describes the procedures used to get winbind up and running on a
Solaris system. Winbind is capable of providing access and authentication
control for Windows Domain users through an NT or Win2K PDC for 'regular'
services, such as telnet and ftp, as well for SAMBA services.

Why should I to this? 

This allows the SAMBA administrator to rely on the authentication mechanisms
on the NT/Win2K PDC for the authentication of domain members. NT/Win2K users
no longer need to have separate accounts on the SAMBA server.

Who should be reading this document? 

This HOWTO is designed for system administrators. If you are implementing
SAMBA on a file server and wish to (fairly easily) integrate existing
NT/Win2K users from your PDC onto the SAMBA server, this HOWTO is for you.

Requirements
------------

If you have a samba configuration file that you are currently using... BACK
IT UP! If your system already uses PAM, back up the /etc/pam.conf file ! If
you haven't already made a boot disk, MAKEONE NOW! Messing with the pam
configuration file can make it nearly impossible to log in to yourmachine.
That's why you want to be able to boot back into your machine in single user
mode and restore your /etc/pam.conf back to the original state they were in
if you get frustrated with the way things are going. ;-) Please refer to the
main SAMBA web page or, better yet, your closest SAMBA mirror site for
instructions on downloading the source code of Samba 2.2.x from the SAMBA
CVS repository. To allow Domain users the ability to access SAMBA shares and
files, as well as potentially other services provided by your SAMBA machine,
PAM (pluggable authentication modules) must be setup properly on your
machine. In order to compile the winbind modules, you should have at least
the pam libraries resident on your system. Solaris 7/8 has its pam modules
coming with the distribution itself.

Testing Things Out
------------------

Before starting, it is probably best to kill off all the SAMBA related
daemons running on your server. Kill off all smbd, nmbd, and winbindd
processes that may be running.


Configure and compile SAMBA
---------------------------

The configuration and compilation of SAMBA is pretty straightforward. The
first three steps may not be necessary depending upon whether or not you
have previously built the Samba binaries.

root# autoconf
root# make clean
root# rm config.cache
root# ./configure --with-winbind --with-pam
root# make
root# make install

This will, by default, install SAMBA in /usr/local/samba. See the main SAMBA
documentation if you want to install SAMBA somewhere else. It will also
build the winbindd executable and libraries.

Configure nsswitch.conf and the winbind libraries
-------------------------------------------------

The libraries needed to run the winbindd daemon through nsswitch need to be
copied to their proper locations, so

root# cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib

I also found it necessary to make the following symbolic links:

root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.1
root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so.2
root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.1
root# ln -s /usr/lib/libnss_winbind.so /usr/lib/nss_winbind.so.2

Now, as root you need to edit /etc/nsswitch.conf to allow user and group
entries to be visible from the winbindd daemon. My /etc/nsswitch.conf file
look like this after editing:

  passwd: files winbind
  group: files winbind


Configure smb.conf
------------------

Several parameters are needed in the smb.conf file to control the behavior
of winbindd. Configure smb.conf These are described in more detail in the
winbindd(8) man page. My smb.conf file was modified to include the following
entries in the [global] section:

[global]
	<...>
	# The previous documentation says to 
	# as the "winbind seperator " directive also but 
	# it is no longer supported.

	# use uids from 10000 to 20000 for domain users
	winbind uid = 10000-20000

	# use gids from 10000 to 20000 for domain groups
	winbind gid = 10000-20000

	# allow enumeration of winbind users and groups
	winbind enum users = yes
	winbind enum groups = yes

	# give winbind users a real shell (only needed if 
	# they have telnet access)
	template homedir = /home/winnt/%D/%U
	template shell = /bin/bash


Join the SAMBA server to the PDC domain
---------------------------------------

Enter the following command to make the SAMBA server join the PDC domain,
where DOMAIN is the name of your Windows domain and Administrator is a
domain user who has administrative privileges in the domain.

root# /usr/local/samba/bin/smbpasswd -j DOMAIN -r PDC -U Administrator

The proper response to the command should be: "Joined the domain DOMAIN"
where DOMAIN is your DOMAIN name.

Start up the winbindd daemon and test it!

Eventually, you will want to modify your smb startup script to automatically
invoke the winbindd daemon when the other parts of SAMBA start, but it is
possible to test out just the winbind portion first. To start up winbind
services, enter the following command as root:

root# /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd

I'm always paranoid and like to make sure the daemon is really running...

root# ps -ae | grep winbindd

This command should produce output like this, if the daemon is running

  3025 ? 00:00:00 winbindd

Now... for the real test, try to get some information about the users on
your PDC

root# /usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -u

This should echo back a list of users on your Windows users on your PDC. For
example, I get the following response:

CEO\Administrator
CEO\burdell
CEO\Guest
CEO\jt-ad
CEO\krbtgt
CEO\TsInternetUser

root# /usr/local/samba/bin/wbinfo -g

CEO\Domain Admins
CEO\Domain Users
CEO\Domain Guests
CEO\Domain Computers
CEO\Domain Controllers
CEO\Cert Publishers
CEO\Schema Admins
CEO\Enterprise Admins
CEO\Group Policy Creator Owners

The function 'getent' can now be used to get unified lists of both local and
PDC users and groups. Try the following command:

root# getent passwd

You should get a list that looks like your /etc/passwd list followed by the domain users with their new
uids, gids, home directories and default shells.

The same thing can be done for groups with the command

root# getent group

Fix the /etc/rc.d/init.d/samba.server startup files The winbindd daemon
needs to start up after the smbd and nmbd daemons are running. To accomplish
this task, you need to modify the /etc/init.d/samba.server script to add
commands to invoke this daemon in the proper sequence. My
/etc/init.d/samba.server file starts up smbd, nmbd, and winbindd from the
/usr/local/samba/bin directory directly.

##
## samba.server
##

if [ ! -d /usr/bin ]
then                    # /usr not mounted
        exit
fi

killproc() {            # kill the named process(es)
        pid=`/usr/bin/ps -e |
             /usr/bin/grep -w $1 |
             /usr/bin/sed -e 's/^  *//' -e 's/ .*//'`
        [ "$pid" != "" ] && kill $pid
}
 
# Start/stop processes required for samba server

case "$1" in

'start')
#
# Edit these lines to suit your installation (paths, workgroup, host)
#
echo Starting SMBD
   /usr/local/samba/bin/smbd -D -s \
	/usr/local/samba/smb.conf

echo Starting NMBD
   /usr/local/samba/bin/nmbd -D -l \
	/usr/local/samba/var/log -s /usr/local/samba/smb.conf

echo Starting Winbind Daemon
   /usr/local/samba/bin/winbindd
   ;;

'stop')
   killproc nmbd
   killproc smbd
   killproc winbindd
   ;;

*)
   echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/samba.server { start | stop }"
   ;;
esac

If you restart the smbd, nmbd, and winbindd daemons at this point, you
should be able to connect to the samba server as a domain member just as if
you were a local user.


Configure Winbind and PAM
-------------------------

If you have made it this far, you know that winbindd and samba are working
together. If you want to use winbind to provide authentication for other
services, keep reading. The pam configuration file need to be altered in
this step. (Did you remember to make backups of your original /etc/pam.conf
file? If not, do it now.) You will need a pam module to use winbindd with
these other services. This module will be compiled in the ../source/nsswitch
directory by default when we used ./configure --with-pam option.

root# make nsswitch/pam_winbind.so

from the ../source directory. The pam_winbind.so file should be copied to
the location of your other pam security modules. On my Solaris 8, this was
the /usr/lib/security directory.

root# cp ../samba/source/nsswitch/pam_winbind.so /usr/lib/security

The /etc/pam.conf need to be changed. I changed this file so that my Domain
users can logon both locally as well as telnet.The following are the changes
that I made.You can customize the pam.conf file as per your requirements,but
be sure of those changes because in the worst case it will leave your system
nearly impossible to boot.

#
#ident	"@(#)pam.conf	1.14	99/09/16 SMI"
#
# Copyright (c) 1996-1999, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
# All Rights Reserved.
#
# PAM configuration
#
# Authentication management
#
login   auth required   /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
login	auth required 	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass 
login	auth required 	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_dial_auth.so.1 try_first_pass 
#
rlogin  auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
rlogin  auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1
rlogin	auth required 	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass
#
dtlogin auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
dtlogin	auth required 	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass
#
rsh	auth required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_rhosts_auth.so.1
other   auth sufficient /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
other	auth required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 try_first_pass
#
# Account management
#
login   account sufficient      /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
login	account requisite	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 
login	account required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 
#
dtlogin account sufficient      /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
dtlogin	account requisite	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 
dtlogin	account required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 
#
other   account sufficient      /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
other	account requisite	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_roles.so.1 
other	account required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 
#
# Session management
#
other	session required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 
#
# Password management
#
#other   password sufficient     /usr/lib/security/pam_winbind.so
other	password required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1 
dtsession auth required	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_unix.so.1
#
# Support for Kerberos V5 authentication (uncomment to use Kerberos)
#
#rlogin	auth optional	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass
#login	auth optional	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass
#dtlogin	auth optional	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass
#other	auth optional	/usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass
#dtlogin	account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1
#other	account optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1
#other	session optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1
#other	password optional /usr/lib/security/$ISA/pam_krb5.so.1 try_first_pass

I also added a try_first_pass line after the winbind.so line to get rid of
annoying double prompts for passwords.

Now restart your Samba & try connecting through your application that you
configured in the pam.conf.



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!== end of Solaris-Winbind-HOWTO.txt
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