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| author | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-09 02:58:53 +0000 |
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| committer | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-09 02:58:53 +0000 |
| commit | 99bde6889d3d8b7a9e950c86c30e82662e1dacdd (patch) | |
| tree | bb7d34722e3b2b98ae7e36c11f4e7e4d4538b6fb /docs/htmldocs/NT4Migration.html | |
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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/NT4Migration.html b/docs/htmldocs/NT4Migration.html index 72c6269f0e..b561492644 100644 --- a/docs/htmldocs/NT4Migration.html +++ b/docs/htmldocs/NT4Migration.html @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ -<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="migration.html" title="Part IV. Migration and Updating"><link rel="previous" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html" title="Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0"><link rel="next" href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. Migration and Updating</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3001339">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3001368">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3004043">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3004381">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3004462">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id3004704">Samba Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> +<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="samba.css" type="text/css"><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.60.1"><link rel="home" href="samba-doc.html" title="SAMBA Project Documentation"><link rel="up" href="migration.html" title="Part IV. Migration and Updating"><link rel="previous" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html" title="Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0"><link rel="next" href="SWAT.html" title="Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV. Migration and Updating</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="chapter" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a name="NT4Migration"></a>Chapter 31. Migration from NT4 PDC to Samba-3 PDC</h2></div><div><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">John</span> <span class="othername">H.</span> <span class="surname">Terpstra</span></h3><div class="affiliation"><span class="orgname">Samba Team<br></span><div class="address"><p><tt class="email"><<a href="mailto:jht@samba.org">jht@samba.org</a>></tt></p></div></div></div></div><div><p class="pubdate">April 3, 2003</p></div></div><div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2955644">Planning and Getting Started</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2955669">Objectives</a></dt><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2956108">Steps In Migration Process</a></dt></dl></dd><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2956323">Migration Options</a></dt><dd><dl><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2956414">Planning for Success</a></dt><dt><a href="NT4Migration.html#id2956670">Samba-3 Implementation Choices</a></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><p> This is a rough guide to assist those wishing to migrate from NT4 domain control to Samba-3 based domain control. -</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id3001339"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2955644"></a>Planning and Getting Started</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> In the IT world there is often a saying that all problems are encountered because of poor planning. The corollary to this saying is that not all problems can be anticipated and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticipate most show stopper type situations. @@ -9,65 +9,62 @@ and planned for. Then again, good planning will anticipate most show stopper typ Those wishing to migrate from MS Windows NT4 domain control to a Samba-3 domain control environment would do well to develop a detailed migration plan. So here are a few pointers to help migration get under way. -</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3001368"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2955669"></a>Objectives</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> The key objective for most organisations will be to make the migration from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3 domain control as painless as possible. One of the challenges you may experience in your migration process may well be one of convincing management that the new environment should remain in place. Many who have introduced open source technologies have experienced pressure to return to a Microsoft based platform solution at the first sign of trouble. </p><p> -It is strongly advised that before attempting a migration to a Samba-3 controlled network -that every possible effort be made to gain all-round commitment to the change. Firstly, you -should know precisely <span class="emphasis"><em>why</em></span> the change is important for the organisation. -Possible motivations to make a change include: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Improve network manageability</td></tr><tr><td>Obtain better user level functionality</td></tr><tr><td>Reduce network operating costs</td></tr><tr><td>Reduce exposure caused by Microsoft withdrawal of NT4 support</td></tr><tr><td>Avoid MS License 6 implications</td></tr><tr><td>Reduce organisation's dependency on Microsoft</td></tr></table><p> -It is vital that it be well recognised that Samba-3 is NOT MS Windows NT4. Samba-3 offers -an alternative solution that is both different from MS Windows NT4 and that offers some -advantages compared with it. It should also be recognised that Samba-3 lacks many of the +Before attempting a migration to a Samba-3 controlled network make every possible effort to +gain all-round commitment to the change. Know precisely <span class="emphasis"><em>why</em></span> the change +is important for the organisation. Possible motivations to make a change include: +</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Improve network manageability</p></li><li><p>Obtain better user level functionality</p></li><li><p>Reduce network operating costs</p></li><li><p>Reduce exposure caused by Microsoft withdrawal of NT4 support</p></li><li><p>Avoid MS License 6 implications</p></li><li><p>Reduce organisation's dependency on Microsoft</p></li></ul></div><p> +Make sure that everyone knows that Samba-3 is NOT MS Windows NT4. Samba-3 offers +an alternative solution that is both different from MS Windows NT4 and that offers +advantages compared with it. Gain recognition that Samba-3 lacks many of the features that Microsoft has promoted as core values in migration from MS Windows NT4 to MS Windows 2000 and beyond (with or without Active Directory services). </p><p> What are the features that Samba-3 can NOT provide? -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Active Directory Server</td></tr><tr><td>Group Policy Objects (in Active Directory)</td></tr><tr><td>Machine Policy objects</td></tr><tr><td>Logon Scripts in Active Directory</td></tr><tr><td>Software Application and Access Controls in Active Directory</td></tr></table><p> +</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Active Directory Server</p></li><li><p>Group Policy Objects (in Active Directory)</p></li><li><p>Machine Policy objects</p></li><li><p>Logon Scripts in Active Directory</p></li><li><p>Software Application and Access Controls in Active Directory</p></li></ul></div><p> The features that Samba-3 DOES provide and that may be of compelling interest to your site includes: -</p><table class="simplelist" border="0" summary="Simple list"><tr><td>Lower Cost of Ownership</td></tr><tr><td>Global availability of support with no strings attached</td></tr><tr><td>Dynamic SMB Servers (ie:Can run more than one server per Unix/Linux system)</td></tr><tr><td>Creation of on-the-fly logon scripts</td></tr><tr><td>Creation of on-the-fly Policy Files</td></tr><tr><td>Greater Stability, Reliability, Performance and Availability</td></tr><tr><td>Manageability via an ssh connection</td></tr><tr><td>Flexible choices of back-end authentication technologies (tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam)</td></tr><tr><td>Ability to implement a full single-sign-on architecture</td></tr><tr><td>Ability to distribute authentication systems for absolute minimum wide area network bandwidth demand</td></tr></table><p> -Before migrating a network from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3 it is vital that all necessary factors are -considered. Users should be educated about changes they may experience so that the change will be a -welcome one and not become an obstacle to the work they need to do. The following are some of the -factors that will go into a successful migration: -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id3002882"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Lower Cost of Ownership</p></li><li><p>Global availability of support with no strings attached</p></li><li><p>Dynamic SMB Servers (ie:Can run more than one server per Unix/Linux system)</p></li><li><p>Creation of on-the-fly logon scripts</p></li><li><p>Creation of on-the-fly Policy Files</p></li><li><p>Greater Stability, Reliability, Performance and Availability</p></li><li><p>Manageability via an ssh connection</p></li><li><p>Flexible choices of back-end authentication technologies (tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam)</p></li><li><p>Ability to implement a full single-sign-on architecture</p></li><li><p>Ability to distribute authentication systems for absolute minimum wide area network bandwidth demand</p></li></ul></div><p> +Before migrating a network from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3 consider all necessary factors. Users +should be educated about changes they may experience so that the change will be a welcome one +and not become an obstacle to the work they need to do. The following are factors that will +help ensure a successful migration: +</p><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2955881"></a>Domain Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> Samba-3 can be configured as a domain controller, a back-up domain controller (probably best called a secondary controller), a domain member, or as a stand-alone server. The Windows network security domain context should be sized and scoped before implementation. Particular attention needs to be paid to the location of the primary domain controller (PDC) as well as backup controllers (BDCs). -It should be noted that one way in which Samba-3 differs from Microsoft technology is that if one -chooses to use an LDAP authentication backend then the same database can be used by several different -domains. This means that in a complex organisation there can be a single LDAP database, that itself -can be distributed, that can simultaneously serve multiple domains (that can also be widely distributed). +One way in which Samba-3 differs from Microsoft technology is that if one chooses to use an LDAP +authentication backend then the same database can be used by several different domains. In a +complex organisation there can be a single LDAP database, which itself can be distributed (ie: Have +a master server and multiple slave servers) that can simultaneously serve multiple domains. </p><p> -It is recommended that from a design perspective, the number of users per server, as well as the number -of servers, per domain should be scaled according to needs and should also consider server capacity -and network bandwidth. +From a design perspective, the number of users per server, as well as the number of servers, per +domain should be scaled taking into consideration server capacity and network bandwidth. </p><p> -A physical network segment may house several domains, each of which may span multiple network segments. -Where domains span routed network segments it is most advisable to consider and test the performance -implications of the design and layout of a network. A Centrally located domain controller that is being -designed to serve multiple routed network segments may result in severe performance problems if the -response time (eg: ping timing) between the remote segment and the PDC is more than 100 ms. In situations -where the delay is too long it is highly recommended to locate a backup controller (BDC) to serve as -the local authentication and access control server. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id3002935"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> -There are few cardinal rules to effective network design that can be broken with impunity. -The most important rule of effective network management is that simplicity is king in every -well controlled network. Every part of the infrastructure must be managed, the more complex -it is, the greater will be the demand of keeping systems secure and functional. +A physical network segment may house several domains. Each may span multiple network segments. +Where domains span routed network segments, consider and test the performance implications of +the design and layout of a network. A Centrally located domain controller that is designed to +serve multiple routed network segments may result in severe performance problems. Check the +response time (eg: ping timing) between the remote segment and the PDC. If long (more than 100 ms) +locate a backup controller (BDC) on the remote segmanet to serve as the local authentication and +access control server. +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2955930"></a>Server Share and Directory Layout</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +There are cardinal rules to effective network design. These can not be broken with impunity. +The most important rule: Simplicity is king in every well controlled network. Every part of +the infrastructure must be managed, the more complex it is, the greater will be the demand +of keeping systems secure and functional. </p><p> -The nature of the data that must be stored needs to be born in mind when deciding how many -shares must be created. The physical disk space layout should also be taken into account -when designing where share points will be created. Keep in mind that all data needs to be -backed up, thus the simpler the disk layout the easier it will be to keep track of what must -be backed up to tape or other off-line storage medium. Always plan and implement for minimum +Keep in mind the nature of how data must be share. Physical disk space layout should be considered +carefully. Some data must be backed up. The simpler the disk layout the easier it will be to +keep track of backed needs. Identify what back media will be meet needs, consider backup to tape +, CD-ROM or (DVD-ROM), or other off-line storage medium. Plan and implement for minimum maintenance. Leave nothing to chance in your design, above all, do not leave backups to chance: Backup and test, validate every backup, create a disaster recovery plan and prove that it works. </p><p> @@ -75,54 +72,70 @@ Users should be grouped according to data access control needs. File and directo is best controlled via group permissions and the use of the "sticky bit" on group controlled directories may substantially avoid file access complaints from samba share users. </p><p> -Many network administrators who are new to the game will attempt to use elaborate techniques -to set access controls, on files, directories, shares, as well as in share definitions. -There is the ever present danger that that administrator's successor will not understand the -complex mess that has been inherited. Remember, apparent job security through complex design -and implementation may ultimately cause loss of operations and downtime to users as the new -administrator learns to untangle your web. Keep access controls simple and effective and -make sure that users will never be interrupted by the stupidity of complexity. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id3002997"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> -Please refer to the section of this document on Advanced Network Administration for information -regarding the network logon script options for Samba-3. Logon scripts can help to ensure that -all users gain share and printer connections they need. +Inexperienced network administrators often attempt elaborate techniques to set access +controls on files, directories, shares, as well as in share definitions. +Keep your design and implementation simple and document your design extensively. Have others +audit your documentation. Do not create a complex mess that your successor will not understand. +Remember, job security through complex design and implementation may cause loss of operations +and downtime to users as the new administrator learns to untangle your knots. Keep access +controls simple and effective and make sure that users will never be interrupted by stupid +complexity. +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2955990"></a>Logon Scripts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +Logon scripts can help to ensure that all users gain share and printer connections they need. </p><p> -Logon scripts can be created on-the-fly so that all commands executed are specific to the -rights and privileges granted to the user. The preferred controls should be affected through +Logon scripts can be created 'on-the-fly' so that all commands executed are specific to the +rights and priviliges granted to the user. The preferred controls should be affected through group membership so that group information can be used to custom create a logon script using -the <i class="parameter"><tt>root preexec</tt></i> parameters to the <tt class="filename">NETLOGON</tt> share. +the <a class="indexterm" name="id2956012"></a><i class="parameter"><tt>root preexec</tt></i> parameters to the <i class="parameter"><tt>NETLOGON</tt></i> share. </p><p> Some sites prefer to use a tool such as <b class="command">kixstart</b> to establish a controlled user environment. In any case you may wish to do a google search for logon script process controls. In particular, you may wish to explore the use of the Microsoft knowledgebase article KB189105 that deals with how to add printers without user intervention via the logon script process. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id3003055"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2956054"></a>Profile Migration/Creation</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> User and Group Profiles may be migrated using the tools described in the section titled Desktop Profile Management. </p><p> Profiles may also be managed using the Samba-3 tool <b class="command">profiles</b>. This tool allows the MS Windows NT style security identifiers (SIDs) that are stored inside the profile NTuser.DAT file to be changed to the SID of the Samba-3 domain. -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id3004018"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="id2956084"></a>User and Group Accounts</h4></div></div><div></div></div><p> It is possible to migrate all account settings from an MS Windows NT4 domain to Samba-3. Before attempting to migrate user and group accounts it is STRONGLY advised to create in Samba-3 the -groups that are present on the MS Windows NT4 domain <span class="emphasis"><em>AND</em></span> to connect these to -suitable Unix/Linux groups. Following this simple advice will mean that all user and group attributes +groups that are present on the MS Windows NT4 domain <span class="emphasis"><em>AND</em></span> to map these to +suitable Unix/Linux groups. By following this simple advice all user and group attributes should migrate painlessly. -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3004043"></a>Steps In Migration Process</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2956108"></a>Steps In Migration Process</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> The approximate migration process is described below. </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> You will have an NT4 PDC that has the users, groups, policies and profiles to be migrated </p></li><li><p> -Samba-3 set up as a DC with netlogon share, profile share, etc. -</p></li></ul></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 31.1. The Account Migration Process</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p>Create a BDC account for the samba server using NT Server Manager</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Samba must NOT be running</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>rpcclient <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -U Administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>lsaquery</p></li><li><p>Note the SID returned</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net getsid -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMNAME</tt></i> -U Administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note the SID</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net getlocalsid</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note the SID, now check that all three SIDS reported are the same!</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc join -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMNAME</tt></i> -U Administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc vampire -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -U administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -L</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note - did the users migrate?</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>initGrps.sh <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMNAME</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net groupmap list</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Now check that all groups are recognised</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc vampire -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -U administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -Lv</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note - check that all group membership has been migrated</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><p> -Now it is time to migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files. -More later. -</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id3004381"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> -Based on feedback from many sites as well as from actual installation and maintenance -experience sites that wish to migrate from MS Windows NT4 Domain Control to a Samba -based solution fit into three basic categories. -</p><div class="table"><a name="id3004398"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.1. The 3 Major Site Types</b></p><table summary="The 3 Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Number of Users</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>< 50</td><td><p>Want simple conversion with NO pain</p></td></tr><tr><td>50 - 250</td><td><p>Want new features, can manage some in-house complexity</p></td></tr><tr><td>> 250</td><td><p>Solution/Implementation MUST scale well, complex needs. Cross departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3004462"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> +Samba-3 set up as a DC with netlogon share, profile share, etc. Configure the <tt class="filename">smb.conf</tt> file +to fucntion as a BDC. ie: <i class="parameter"><tt>domain master = No</tt></i>. +</p></li></ul></div><div class="procedure"><p class="title"><b>Procedure 31.1. The Account Migration Process</b></p><ol type="1"><li><p>Create a BDC account for the samba server using NT Server Manager</p><ol type="a"><li><p>Samba must NOT be running</p></li></ol></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc join -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -w <i class="replaceable"><tt>DOMNAME</tt></i> -U Administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net rpc vampire -S <i class="replaceable"><tt>NT4PDC</tt></i> -U administrator%<i class="replaceable"><tt>passwd</tt></i></tt></b></p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>pdbedit -L</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Note - did the users migrate?</p></li></ol></li><li><p> + Now assign each of the UNIX groups to NT groups: + (Note: It may be useful to copy this text to a script called + <tt class="filename">initGroups.sh</tt>) + </p><pre class="programlisting"> +#!/bin/bash +#### Keep this as a shell script for future re-use + +# First assign well known domain global groups +net groupmap modify ntgroup="Domain Admins" unixgroup=ntadmins +net groupmap modify ntgroup="Domain Guests" unixgroup=nobody +net groupmap modify ntgroup="Domain Users" unixgroup=users + +# Now for our added domain global groups +net groupmap add ntgroup="Designers" unixgroup=designers type=d rid=3200 +net groupmap add ntgroup="Engineers" unixgroup=engineers type=d rid=3210 +net groupmap add ntgroup="QA Team" unixgroup=qateam type=d rid=3220 +</pre><p> + </p></li><li><p><b class="userinput"><tt>net groupmap list</tt></b></p><ol type="a"><li><p>Now check that all groups are recognised</p></li></ol></li></ol></div><p> +Now migrate all the profiles, then migrate all policy files. +</p></div></div><div class="sect1" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="id2956323"></a>Migration Options</h2></div></div><div></div></div><p> +Sites that wish to migrate from MS Windows NT4 Domain Control to a Samba based solution +generally fit into three basic categories. +</p><div class="table"><a name="id2956338"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.1. The 3 Major Site Types</b></p><table summary="The 3 Major Site Types" border="1"><colgroup><col align="left"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="left">Number of Users</th><th align="justify">Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="left">< 50</td><td align="justify"><p>Want simple conversion with NO pain</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">50 - 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Want new features, can manage some in-house complexity</p></td></tr><tr><td align="left">> 250</td><td align="justify"><p>Solution/Implementation MUST scale well, complex needs. Cross departmental decision process. Local expertise in most areas</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2956414"></a>Planning for Success</h3></div></div><div></div></div><p> There are three basic choices for sites that intend to migrate from MS Windows NT4 to Samba-3. </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> @@ -132,7 +145,7 @@ to Samba-3. </p></li><li><p> Complete Redesign (completely new solution) </p></li></ul></div><p> -No matter what choice you make, the following rules will minimise down-stream problems: +Minimise down-stream problems by: </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p> Take sufficient time </p></li><li><p> @@ -141,62 +154,25 @@ No matter what choice you make, the following rules will minimise down-stream pr Test ALL assumptions </p></li><li><p> Test full roll-out program, including workstation deployment - </p></li></ul></div><div class="table"><a name="id3004535"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col><col><col></colgroup><thead><tr><th>Simple</th><th>Upgraded</th><th>Redesign</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><p>Make use of minimal OS specific features</p></td><td><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td><p>Decide:</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Suck all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td><p>Copy and improve:</p></td><td><p>Authentication Regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td><p>Desktop Management Methods</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td><p>Minimise user impact</p></td><td><p>Better Control of Desktops / Users</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Live versus Isolated Conversion</p></td><td><p>Maximise functionality</p></td><td><p>Identify Needs for: Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</p></td></tr><tr><td><p>Integrate Samba-3 then migrate while users are active, then Change of control (ie: swap out)</p></td><td><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id3004704"></a>Samba Implementation Choices</h3></div></div><div></div></div><pre class="programlisting"> -Authentication database back end - Winbind (external Samba or NT4/200x server) - Can use pam_mkhomedir.so to auto-create home dirs - External server could use Active Directory or NT4 Domain - -Database type - smbpasswd, tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam - -Access Control Points - On the Share itself (Use NT4 Server Manager) - On the file system - Unix permissions on files and directories - Enable Posix ACLs in file system? - Through Samba share parameters - Not recommended - except as only resort - -Policies (migrate or create new ones) - Group Policy Editor (NT4) - Watch out for Tattoo effect - -User and Group Profiles - Platform specific so use platform tool to change from a Local - to a Roaming profile Can use new profiles tool to change SIDs - (NTUser.DAT) - -Logon Scripts (Know how they work) - -User and Group mapping to Unix/Linux - username map facility may be needed - Use 'net groupmap' to connect NT4 groups to Unix groups - Use pdbedit to set/change user configuration -NOTE: -If migrating to LDAP back end it may be easier to dump initial LDAP database -to LDIF, then edit, then reload into LDAP - - OS specific scripts / programs may be needed - Add / delete Users - Note OS limits on size of name (Linux 8 chars) - NT4 up to 254 chars - Add / delete machines - Applied only to domain members (note up to 16 chars) - Add / delete Groups - Note OS limits on size and nature - Linux limit is 16 char, - no spaces and no upper case chars (groupadd) - -Migration Tools - Domain Control (NT4 Style) - Profiles, Policies, Access Controls, Security - -Migration Tools - Samba: net, rpcclient, smbpasswd, pdbedit, profiles - Windows: NT4 Domain User Manager, Server Manager (NEXUS) - -Authentication - New SAM back end (smbpasswd, tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam) -</pre><p> -</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="migration.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0 </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</td></tr></table></div></body></html> + </p></li></ul></div><div class="table"><a name="id2956485"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 31.2. Nature of the Conversion Choices</b></p><table summary="Nature of the Conversion Choices" border="1"><colgroup><col align="justify"><col align="justify"><col align="justify"></colgroup><thead><tr><th align="justify">Simple</th><th align="justify">Upgraded</th><th align="justify">Redesign</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make use of minimal OS specific features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Translate NT4 features to new host OS features</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Decide:</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Suck all accounts from NT4 into Samba-3</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Copy and improve:</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Authentication Regime (database location and access)</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Make least number of operational changes</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Make progressive improvements</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Desktop Management Methods</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Take least amount of time to migrate</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Minimise user impact</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Better Control of Desktops / Users</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Live versus Isolated Conversion</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Maximise functionality</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Identify Needs for: Manageability, Scalability, Security, Availability</p></td></tr><tr><td align="justify"><p>Integrate Samba-3 then migrate while users are active, then Change of control (ie: swap out)</p></td><td align="justify"><p>Take advantage of lower maintenance opportunity</p></td><td align="justify"><p></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="id2956670"></a>Samba-3 Implementation Choices</h3></div></div><div></div></div><div class="variablelist"><dl><dt><span class="term">Authentication database/back end:</span></dt><dd><p> + Samba-3 can use an external authentication backend: + </p><p> + </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Winbind (external Samba or NT4/200x server)</p></li><li><p>External server could use Active Directory or NT4 Domain</p></li><li><p>Can use pam_mkhomedir.so to auto-create home dirs</p></li></ul></div><p> + </p><p> + Samba-3 can use a local authentication backend: + </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>smbpasswd, tdbsam, ldapsam, mysqlsam</p></li></ul></div><p> + </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Access Control Points:</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>On the Share itself - using Share ACLs</p></li><li><p>On the file system - using UNIX permissions on files and directories</p><p>Note: Can Enable Posix ACLs in file system also</p></li><li><p>Through Samba share parameters - Not recommended - except as last resort</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Policies (migrate or create new ones):</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Using Group Policy Editor (NT4)</p></li><li><p>- Watch out for Tattoo effect</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">User and Group Profiles:</span></dt><dd><p> + Platform specific so use platform tool to change from a Local to a Roaming profile + Can use new profiles tool to change SIDs (NTUser.DAT) + </p></dd><dt><span class="term">Logon Scripts:</span></dt><dd><p> + Know how they work + </p></dd><dt><span class="term">User and Group mapping to Unix/Linux:</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>username map facility may be needed</p></li><li><p>Use 'net groupmap' to connect NT4 groups to Unix groups</p></li><li><p>Use pdbedit to set/change user configuration</p><p> + NOTE: When migrating to LDAP back, end it may be easier to dump initial + LDAP database to LDIF, then edit, then reload into LDAP + </p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">OS specific scripts/programs may be needed:</span></dt><dd><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Add/Delete Users: Note OS limits on size of name + (Linux 8 chars) NT4 up to 254 chars</p></li><li><p>Add/Delete Machines: Applied only to domain members + (Note: Machine names may be limited to 16 characters)</p></li><li><p>Use 'net groupmap' to connect NT4 groups to Unix groups</p></li><li><p>Add/Delete Groups: Note OS limits on size and nature. + Linux limit is 16 char, no spaces and no upper case chars (groupadd)</p></li></ul></div></dd><dt><span class="term">Migration Tools:</span></dt><dd><p> + Domain Control (NT4 Style) Profiles, Policies, Access Controls, Security + </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>Samba: net, rpcclient, smbpasswd, pdbedit, profiles</p></li><li><p>Windows: NT4 Domain User Manager, Server Manager (NEXUS)</p></li></ul></div><p> + </p></dd></dl></div></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="upgrading-to-3.0.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="migration.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="SWAT.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Chapter 30. Upgrading from Samba-2.x to Samba-3.0.0 </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="samba-doc.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 32. SWAT - The Samba Web Administration Tool</td></tr></table></div></body></html> |