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authorJelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org>2003-04-17 19:23:06 +0000
committerJelmer Vernooij <jelmer@samba.org>2003-04-17 19:23:06 +0000
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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
+<HTML
+><HEAD
+><TITLE
+>Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</TITLE
+><META
+NAME="GENERATOR"
+CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK
+REL="HOME"
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+TITLE="Advanced Configuration"
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+BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
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+SUMMARY="Header navigation table"
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+>SAMBA Project Documentation</TH
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="10%"
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+><HR
+ALIGN="LEFT"
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+><DIV
+CLASS="CHAPTER"
+><H1
+><A
+NAME="DOMAIN-MEMBER"
+></A
+>Chapter 10. Samba as a NT4 or Win2k domain member</H1
+><DIV
+CLASS="TOC"
+><DL
+><DT
+><B
+>Table of Contents</B
+></DT
+><DT
+>10.1. <A
+HREF="domain-member.html#AEN1448"
+>Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</A
+></DT
+><DT
+>10.2. <A
+HREF="domain-member.html#AEN1502"
+>Why is this better than security = server?</A
+></DT
+></DL
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN1448"
+>10.1. Joining an NT Domain with Samba 3.0</A
+></H1
+><P
+>Assume you have a Samba 3.0 server with a NetBIOS name of
+ <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>SERV1</CODE
+> and are joining an or Win2k NT domain called
+ <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOM</CODE
+>, which has a PDC with a NetBIOS name
+ of <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOMPDC</CODE
+> and two backup domain controllers
+ with NetBIOS names <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOMBDC1</CODE
+> and <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOMBDC2
+ </CODE
+>.</P
+><P
+>Firstly, you must edit your <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smb.conf</TT
+> file to tell Samba it should
+ now use domain security.</P
+><P
+>Change (or add) your <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITY"
+TARGET="_top"
+> <VAR
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+>security =</VAR
+></A
+> line in the [global] section
+ of your <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>smb.conf</TT
+> to read:</P
+><P
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>security = domain</B
+></P
+><P
+>Next change the <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#WORKGROUP"
+TARGET="_top"
+><VAR
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+> workgroup =</VAR
+></A
+> line in the [global] section to read: </P
+><P
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>workgroup = DOM</B
+></P
+><P
+>as this is the name of the domain we are joining. </P
+><P
+>You must also have the parameter <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"
+TARGET="_top"
+> <VAR
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+>encrypt passwords</VAR
+></A
+> set to <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>yes
+ </CODE
+> in order for your users to authenticate to the NT PDC.</P
+><P
+>Finally, add (or modify) a <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#PASSWORDSERVER"
+TARGET="_top"
+> <VAR
+CLASS="PARAMETER"
+>password server =</VAR
+></A
+> line in the [global]
+ section to read: </P
+><P
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>password server = DOMPDC DOMBDC1 DOMBDC2</B
+></P
+><P
+>These are the primary and backup domain controllers Samba
+ will attempt to contact in order to authenticate users. Samba will
+ try to contact each of these servers in order, so you may want to
+ rearrange this list in order to spread out the authentication load
+ among domain controllers.</P
+><P
+>Alternatively, if you want smbd to automatically determine
+ the list of Domain controllers to use for authentication, you may
+ set this line to be :</P
+><P
+><B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>password server = *</B
+></P
+><P
+>This method, allows Samba to use exactly the same
+ mechanism that NT does. This
+ method either broadcasts or uses a WINS database in order to
+ find domain controllers to authenticate against.</P
+><P
+>In order to actually join the domain, you must run this
+ command:</P
+><P
+><SAMP
+CLASS="PROMPT"
+>root# </SAMP
+><KBD
+CLASS="USERINPUT"
+>net rpc join -S DOMPDC
+ -U<VAR
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+>Administrator%password</VAR
+></KBD
+></P
+><P
+>as we are joining the domain DOM and the PDC for that domain
+ (the only machine that has write access to the domain SAM database)
+ is DOMPDC. The <VAR
+CLASS="REPLACEABLE"
+>Administrator%password</VAR
+> is
+ the login name and password for an account which has the necessary
+ privilege to add machines to the domain. If this is successful
+ you will see the message:</P
+><P
+><SAMP
+CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
+>Joined domain DOM.</SAMP
+>
+ or <SAMP
+CLASS="COMPUTEROUTPUT"
+>Joined 'SERV1' to realm 'MYREALM'</SAMP
+>
+ </P
+><P
+>in your terminal window. See the <A
+HREF="net.8.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+> net(8)</A
+> man page for more details.</P
+><P
+>This process joins the server to thedomain
+ without having to create the machine trust account on the PDC
+ beforehand.</P
+><P
+>This command goes through the machine account password
+ change protocol, then writes the new (random) machine account
+ password for this Samba server into a file in the same directory
+ in which an smbpasswd file would be stored - normally :</P
+><P
+><TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/usr/local/samba/private/secrets.tdb</TT
+></P
+><P
+>This file is created and owned by root and is not
+ readable by any other user. It is the key to the domain-level
+ security for your system, and should be treated as carefully
+ as a shadow password file.</P
+><P
+>Finally, restart your Samba daemons and get ready for
+ clients to begin using domain security!</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN1502"
+>10.2. Why is this better than security = server?</A
+></H1
+><P
+>Currently, domain security in Samba doesn't free you from
+ having to create local Unix users to represent the users attaching
+ to your server. This means that if domain user <CODE
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>DOM\fred
+ </CODE
+> attaches to your domain security Samba server, there needs
+ to be a local Unix user fred to represent that user in the Unix
+ filesystem. This is very similar to the older Samba security mode
+ <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#SECURITYEQUALSSERVER"
+TARGET="_top"
+>security = server</A
+>,
+ where Samba would pass through the authentication request to a Windows
+ NT server in the same way as a Windows 95 or Windows 98 server would.
+ </P
+><P
+>Please refer to the <A
+HREF="winbind.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+>Winbind
+ paper</A
+> for information on a system to automatically
+ assign UNIX uids and gids to Windows NT Domain users and groups.
+ This code is available in development branches only at the moment,
+ but will be moved to release branches soon.</P
+><P
+>The advantage to domain-level security is that the
+ authentication in domain-level security is passed down the authenticated
+ RPC channel in exactly the same way that an NT server would do it. This
+ means Samba servers now participate in domain trust relationships in
+ exactly the same way NT servers do (i.e., you can add Samba servers into
+ a resource domain and have the authentication passed on from a resource
+ domain PDC to an account domain PDC.</P
+><P
+>In addition, with <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>security = server</B
+> every Samba
+ daemon on a server has to keep a connection open to the
+ authenticating server for as long as that daemon lasts. This can drain
+ the connection resources on a Microsoft NT server and cause it to run
+ out of available connections. With <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>security = domain</B
+>,
+ however, the Samba daemons connect to the PDC/BDC only for as long
+ as is necessary to authenticate the user, and then drop the connection,
+ thus conserving PDC connection resources.</P
+><P
+>And finally, acting in the same manner as an NT server
+ authenticating to a PDC means that as part of the authentication
+ reply, the Samba server gets the user identification information such
+ as the user SID, the list of NT groups the user belongs to, etc. </P
+><DIV
+CLASS="NOTE"
+><P
+></P
+><TABLE
+CLASS="NOTE"
+WIDTH="100%"
+BORDER="0"
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="25"
+ALIGN="CENTER"
+VALIGN="TOP"
+><IMG
+SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif"
+HSPACE="5"
+ALT="Note"></TD
+><TD
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+VALIGN="TOP"
+><P
+> Much of the text of this document
+ was first published in the Web magazine <A
+HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com"
+TARGET="_top"
+>
+ LinuxWorld</A
+> as the article <A
+HREF="http://www.linuxworld.com/linuxworld/lw-1998-10/lw-10-samba.html"
+TARGET="_top"
+>Doing
+ the NIS/NT Samba</A
+>.</P
+></TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
+></DIV
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
+><HR
+ALIGN="LEFT"
+WIDTH="100%"><TABLE
+SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
+WIDTH="100%"
+BORDER="0"
+CELLPADDING="0"
+CELLSPACING="0"
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="left"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="ads.html"
+ACCESSKEY="P"
+>Prev</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="34%"
+ALIGN="center"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"
+ACCESSKEY="H"
+>Home</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="right"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="optional.html"
+ACCESSKEY="N"
+>Next</A
+></TD
+></TR
+><TR
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="left"
+VALIGN="top"
+>Samba as a ADS domain member</TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="34%"
+ALIGN="center"
+VALIGN="top"
+><A
+HREF="type.html"
+ACCESSKEY="U"
+>Up</A
+></TD
+><TD
+WIDTH="33%"
+ALIGN="right"
+VALIGN="top"
+>Advanced Configuration</TD
+></TR
+></TABLE
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+></HTML
+> \ No newline at end of file