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| author | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-09 03:11:56 +0000 |
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| committer | Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> | 2003-09-09 03:11:56 +0000 |
| commit | b968848a1697dfc7216e1802883b5f7e55025111 (patch) | |
| tree | 05d30dcd1daed7575cba09aa7308747b50ad66f8 /docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html | |
| parent | 99bde6889d3d8b7a9e950c86c30e82662e1dacdd (diff) | |
| download | samba-b968848a1697dfc7216e1802883b5f7e55025111.tar.gz samba-b968848a1697dfc7216e1802883b5f7e55025111.tar.bz2 samba-b968848a1697dfc7216e1802883b5f7e55025111.zip | |
removing files not in 3.0
(This used to be commit d5c32f8881f33667c9bfa067cb7f2113bd55c724)
Diffstat (limited to 'docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html | 1094 |
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diff --git a/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html b/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html deleted file mode 100644 index 209dfaaf54..0000000000 --- a/docs/htmldocs/improved-browsing.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@ -<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> -<HTML -><HEAD -><TITLE ->Improved browsing in samba</TITLE -><META -NAME="GENERATOR" -CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK -REL="HOME" -TITLE="SAMBA Project Documentation" -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html"><LINK -REL="UP" -TITLE="Advanced Configuration" -HREF="optional.html"><LINK -REL="PREVIOUS" -TITLE="Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba" -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html"><LINK -REL="NEXT" -TITLE="Securing Samba" -HREF="securing-samba.html"></HEAD -><BODY -CLASS="CHAPTER" -BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" -TEXT="#000000" -LINK="#0000FF" -VLINK="#840084" -ALINK="#0000FF" -><DIV -CLASS="NAVHEADER" -><TABLE -SUMMARY="Header navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TH -COLSPAN="3" -ALIGN="center" ->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="80%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="bottom" -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="10%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="bottom" -><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="CHAPTER" -><H1 -><A -NAME="IMPROVED-BROWSING" -></A ->Chapter 24. Improved browsing in samba</H1 -><DIV -CLASS="TOC" -><DL -><DT -><B ->Table of Contents</B -></DT -><DT ->24.1. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3874" ->Overview of browsing</A -></DT -><DT ->24.2. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3880" ->Browsing support in samba</A -></DT -><DT ->24.3. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3895" ->Problem resolution</A -></DT -><DT ->24.4. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3907" ->Browsing across subnets</A -></DT -><DT ->24.5. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3948" ->Setting up a WINS server</A -></DT -><DT ->24.6. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3971" ->Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A -></DT -><DT ->24.7. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN3997" ->Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A -></DT -><DT ->24.8. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->Forcing samba to be the master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.9. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4032" ->Making samba the domain master</A -></DT -><DT ->24.10. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4054" ->Note about broadcast addresses</A -></DT -><DT ->24.11. <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#AEN4057" ->Multiple interfaces</A -></DT -></DL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3874" ->24.1. Overview of browsing</A -></H1 -><P ->SMB networking provides a mechanism by which clients can access a list -of machines in a network, a so-called <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->browse list</B ->. This list -contains machines that are ready to offer file and/or print services -to other machines within the network. Thus it does not include -machines which aren't currently able to do server tasks. The browse -list is heavily used by all SMB clients. Configuration of SMB -browsing has been problematic for some Samba users, hence this -document.</P -><P ->MS Windows 2000 and later, as with Samba 3 and later, can be -configured to not use NetBIOS over TCP/IP. When configured this way -it is imperative that name resolution (using DNS/LDAP/ADS) be correctly -configured and operative. Browsing will NOT work if name resolution -from SMB machine names to IP addresses does not function correctly.</P -><P ->Where NetBIOS over TCP/IP is enabled use of a WINS server is highly -recommended to aid the resolution of NetBIOS (SMB) names to IP addresses. -WINS allows remote segment clients to obtain NetBIOS name_type information -that can NOT be provided by any other means of name resolution.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3880" ->24.2. Browsing support in samba</A -></H1 -><P ->Samba facilitates browsing. The browsing is supported by <SPAN -CLASS="APPLICATION" ->nmbd</SPAN -> -and is also controlled by options in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file. -Samba can act as a local browse master for a workgroup and the ability -for samba to support domain logons and scripts is now available.</P -><P ->Samba can also act as a domain master browser for a workgroup. This -means that it will collate lists from local browse masters into a -wide area network server list. In order for browse clients to -resolve the names they may find in this list, it is recommended that -both samba and your clients use a WINS server.</P -><P ->Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a -workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain: on each wide area -network, you must only ever have one domain master browser per workgroup, -regardless of whether it is NT, Samba or any other type of domain master -that is providing this service.</P -><DIV -CLASS="NOTE" -><P -></P -><TABLE -CLASS="NOTE" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="25" -ALIGN="CENTER" -VALIGN="TOP" -><IMG -SRC="/usr/share/sgml/docbook/stylesheet/dsssl/modular/images/note.gif" -HSPACE="5" -ALT="Note"></TD -><TD -ALIGN="LEFT" -VALIGN="TOP" -><P ->Nmbd can be configured as a WINS server, but it is not -necessary to specifically use samba as your WINS server. MS Windows -NT4, Server or Advanced Server 2000 or 2003 can be configured as -your WINS server. In a mixed NT/2000/2003 server and samba environment on -a Wide Area Network, it is recommended that you use the Microsoft -WINS server capabilities. In a samba-only environment, it is -recommended that you use one and only one Samba server as your WINS server.</P -></TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -><P ->To get browsing to work you need to run nmbd as usual, but will need -to use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->workgroup</B -> option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -to control what workgroup Samba becomes a part of.</P -><P ->Samba also has a useful option for a Samba server to offer itself for -browsing on another subnet. It is recommended that this option is only -used for 'unusual' purposes: announcements over the internet, for -example. See <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->remote announce</B -> in the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> man page. </P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3895" ->24.3. Problem resolution</A -></H1 -><P ->If something doesn't work then hopefully the log.nmb file will help -you track down the problem. Try a debug level of 2 or 3 for finding -problems. Also note that the current browse list usually gets stored -in text form in a file called <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->browse.dat</TT ->.</P -><P ->Note that if it doesn't work for you, then you should still be able to -type the server name as <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->\\SERVER</TT -> in filemanager then -hit enter and filemanager should display the list of available shares.</P -><P ->Some people find browsing fails because they don't have the global -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->guest account</B -> set to a valid account. Remember that the -IPC$ connection that lists the shares is done as guest, and thus you must -have a valid guest account.</P -><P -><SPAN -CLASS="emphasis" -><I -CLASS="EMPHASIS" ->MS Windows 2000 and upwards (as with Samba) can be configured to disallow -anonymous (ie: Guest account) access to the IPC$ share. In that case, the -MS Windows 2000/XP/2003 machine acting as an SMB/CIFS client will use the -name of the currently logged in user to query the IPC$ share. MS Windows -9X clients are not able to do this and thus will NOT be able to browse -server resources.</I -></SPAN -></P -><P ->The other big problem people have is that their broadcast address, -netmask or IP address is wrong (specified with the "interfaces" option -in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->)</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3907" ->24.4. Browsing across subnets</A -></H1 -><P ->Since the release of Samba 1.9.17(alpha1) Samba has been -updated to enable it to support the replication of browse lists -across subnet boundaries. New code and options have been added to -achieve this. This section describes how to set this feature up -in different settings.</P -><P ->To see browse lists that span TCP/IP subnets (ie. networks separated -by routers that don't pass broadcast traffic) you must set up at least -one WINS server. The WINS server acts as a DNS for NetBIOS names, allowing -NetBIOS name to IP address translation to be done by doing a direct -query of the WINS server. This is done via a directed UDP packet on -port 137 to the WINS server machine. The reason for a WINS server is -that by default, all NetBIOS name to IP address translation is done -by broadcasts from the querying machine. This means that machines -on one subnet will not be able to resolve the names of machines on -another subnet without using a WINS server.</P -><P ->Remember, for browsing across subnets to work correctly, all machines, -be they Windows 95, Windows NT, or Samba servers must have the IP address -of a WINS server given to them by a DHCP server, or by manual configuration -(for Win95 and WinNT, this is in the TCP/IP Properties, under Network -settings) for Samba this is in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file.</P -><DIV -CLASS="SECT2" -><H2 -CLASS="SECT2" -><A -NAME="AEN3913" ->24.4.1. How does cross subnet browsing work ?</A -></H2 -><P ->Cross subnet browsing is a complicated dance, containing multiple -moving parts. It has taken Microsoft several years to get the code -that achieves this correct, and Samba lags behind in some areas. -Samba is capable of cross subnet browsing when configured correctly.</P -><P ->Consider a network set up as follows :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" -> (DMB) - N1_A N1_B N1_C N1_D N1_E - | | | | | - ------------------------------------------------------- - | subnet 1 | - +---+ +---+ - |R1 | Router 1 Router 2 |R2 | - +---+ +---+ - | | - | subnet 2 subnet 3 | - -------------------------- ------------------------------------ - | | | | | | | | - N2_A N2_B N2_C N2_D N3_A N3_B N3_C N3_D - (WINS)</PRE -></P -><P ->Consisting of 3 subnets (1, 2, 3) connected by two routers -(R1, R2) - these do not pass broadcasts. Subnet 1 has 5 machines -on it, subnet 2 has 4 machines, subnet 3 has 4 machines. Assume -for the moment that all these machines are configured to be in the -same workgroup (for simplicities sake). Machine N1_C on subnet 1 -is configured as Domain Master Browser (ie. it will collate the -browse lists for the workgroup). Machine N2_D is configured as -WINS server and all the other machines are configured to register -their NetBIOS names with it.</P -><P ->As all these machines are booted up, elections for master browsers -will take place on each of the three subnets. Assume that machine -N1_C wins on subnet 1, N2_B wins on subnet 2, and N3_D wins on -subnet 3 - these machines are known as local master browsers for -their particular subnet. N1_C has an advantage in winning as the -local master browser on subnet 1 as it is set up as Domain Master -Browser.</P -><P ->On each of the three networks, machines that are configured to -offer sharing services will broadcast that they are offering -these services. The local master browser on each subnet will -receive these broadcasts and keep a record of the fact that -the machine is offering a service. This list of records is -the basis of the browse list. For this case, assume that -all the machines are configured to offer services so all machines -will be on the browse list.</P -><P ->For each network, the local master browser on that network is -considered 'authoritative' for all the names it receives via -local broadcast. This is because a machine seen by the local -master browser via a local broadcast must be on the same -network as the local master browser and thus is a 'trusted' -and 'verifiable' resource. Machines on other networks that -the local master browsers learn about when collating their -browse lists have not been directly seen - these records are -called 'non-authoritative'.</P -><P ->At this point the browse lists look as follows (these are -the machines you would see in your network neighborhood if -you looked in it on a particular network right now).</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D</PRE -></P -><P ->Note that at this point all the subnets are separate, no -machine is seen across any of the subnets.</P -><P ->Now examine subnet 2. As soon as N2_B has become the local -master browser it looks for a Domain master browser to synchronize -its browse list with. It does this by querying the WINS server -(N2_D) for the IP address associated with the NetBIOS name -WORKGROUP>1B<. This name was registerd by the Domain master -browser (N1_C) with the WINS server as soon as it was booted.</P -><P ->Once N2_B knows the address of the Domain master browser it -tells it that is the local master browser for subnet 2 by -sending a MasterAnnouncement packet as a UDP port 138 packet. -It then synchronizes with it by doing a NetServerEnum2 call. This -tells the Domain Master Browser to send it all the server -names it knows about. Once the domain master browser receives -the MasterAnnouncement packet it schedules a synchronization -request to the sender of that packet. After both synchronizations -are done the browse lists look like :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names.</PRE -></P -><P ->At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on -subnets 1 or 2 will see all the servers on both, users on -subnet 3 will still only see the servers on their own subnet.</P -><P ->The same sequence of events that occured for N2_B now occurs -for the local master browser on subnet 3 (N3_D). When it -synchronizes browse lists with the domain master browser (N1_A) -it gets both the server entries on subnet 1, and those on -subnet 2. After N3_D has synchronized with N1_C and vica-versa -the browse lists look like.</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names.</PRE -></P -><P ->At this point users looking in their network neighborhood on -subnets 1 or 3 will see all the servers on all sunbets, users on -subnet 2 will still only see the servers on subnets 1 and 2, but not 3.</P -><P ->Finally, the local master browser for subnet 2 (N2_B) will sync again -with the domain master browser (N1_C) and will recieve the missing -server entries. Finally - and as a steady state (if no machines -are removed or shut off) the browse lists will look like :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->Subnet Browse Master List ------- ------------- ---- -Subnet1 N1_C N1_A, N1_B, N1_C, N1_D, N1_E, - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*), - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet2 N2_B N2_A, N2_B, N2_C, N2_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*) - N3_A(*), N3_B(*), N3_C(*), N3_D(*) - -Subnet3 N3_D N3_A, N3_B, N3_C, N3_D - N1_A(*), N1_B(*), N1_C(*), N1_D(*), N1_E(*), - N2_A(*), N2_B(*), N2_C(*), N2_D(*) - -Servers with a (*) after them are non-authoritative names.</PRE -></P -><P ->Synchronizations between the domain master browser and local -master browsers will continue to occur, but this should be a -steady state situation.</P -><P ->If either router R1 or R2 fails the following will occur:</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> Names of computers on each side of the inaccessible network fragments - will be maintained for as long as 36 minutes, in the network neighbourhood - lists. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> Attempts to connect to these inaccessible computers will fail, but the - names will not be removed from the network neighbourhood lists. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> If one of the fragments is cut off from the WINS server, it will only - be able to access servers on its local subnet, by using subnet-isolated - broadcast NetBIOS name resolution. The effects are similar to that of - losing access to a DNS server. - </P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3948" ->24.5. Setting up a WINS server</A -></H1 -><P ->Either a Samba machine or a Windows NT Server machine may be set up -as a WINS server. To set a Samba machine to be a WINS server you must -add the following option to the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file on the selected machine : -in the [globals] section add the line </P -><P -><B -CLASS="COMMAND" -> wins support = yes</B -></P -><P ->Versions of Samba prior to 1.9.17 had this parameter default to -yes. If you have any older versions of Samba on your network it is -strongly suggested you upgrade to a recent version, or at the very -least set the parameter to 'no' on all these machines.</P -><P ->Machines with <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> will keep a list of -all NetBIOS names registered with them, acting as a DNS for NetBIOS names.</P -><P ->You should set up only ONE wins server. Do NOT set the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> option on more than one Samba -server.</P -><P ->To set up a Windows NT Server as a WINS server you need to set up -the WINS service - see your NT documentation for details. Note that -Windows NT WINS Servers can replicate to each other, allowing more -than one to be set up in a complex subnet environment. As Microsoft -refuse to document these replication protocols Samba cannot currently -participate in these replications. It is possible in the future that -a Samba->Samba WINS replication protocol may be defined, in which -case more than one Samba machine could be set up as a WINS server -but currently only one Samba server should have the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> parameter set.</P -><P ->After the WINS server has been configured you must ensure that all -machines participating on the network are configured with the address -of this WINS server. If your WINS server is a Samba machine, fill in -the Samba machine IP address in the "Primary WINS Server" field of -the "Control Panel->Network->Protocols->TCP->WINS Server" dialogs -in Windows 95 or Windows NT. To tell a Samba server the IP address -of the WINS server add the following line to the [global] section of -all <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> files :</P -><P -><B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins server = >name or IP address<</B -></P -><P ->where >name or IP address< is either the DNS name of the WINS server -machine or its IP address.</P -><P ->Note that this line MUST NOT BE SET in the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file of the Samba -server acting as the WINS server itself. If you set both the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins support = yes</B -> option and the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->wins server = <name></B -> option then -nmbd will fail to start.</P -><P ->There are two possible scenarios for setting up cross subnet browsing. -The first details setting up cross subnet browsing on a network containing -Windows 95, Samba and Windows NT machines that are not configured as -part of a Windows NT Domain. The second details setting up cross subnet -browsing on networks that contain NT Domains.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3971" ->24.6. Setting up Browsing in a WORKGROUP</A -></H1 -><P ->To set up cross subnet browsing on a network containing machines -in up to be in a WORKGROUP, not an NT Domain you need to set up one -Samba server to be the Domain Master Browser (note that this is *NOT* -the same as a Primary Domain Controller, although in an NT Domain the -same machine plays both roles). The role of a Domain master browser is -to collate the browse lists from local master browsers on all the -subnets that have a machine participating in the workgroup. Without -one machine configured as a domain master browser each subnet would -be an isolated workgroup, unable to see any machines on any other -subnet. It is the presense of a domain master browser that makes -cross subnet browsing possible for a workgroup.</P -><P ->In an WORKGROUP environment the domain master browser must be a -Samba server, and there must only be one domain master browser per -workgroup name. To set up a Samba server as a domain master browser, -set the following option in the [global] section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P -><P -><B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->domain master = yes</B -></P -><P ->The domain master browser should also preferrably be the local master -browser for its own subnet. In order to achieve this set the following -options in the [global] section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = yes -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE -></P -><P ->The domain master browser may be the same machine as the WINS -server, if you require.</P -><P ->Next, you should ensure that each of the subnets contains a -machine that can act as a local master browser for the -workgroup. Any MS Windows NT/2K/XP/2003 machine should be -able to do this, as will Windows 9x machines (although these -tend to get rebooted more often, so it's not such a good idea -to use these). To make a Samba server a local master browser -set the following options in the [global] section of the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE -></P -><P ->Do not do this for more than one Samba server on each subnet, -or they will war with each other over which is to be the local -master browser.</P -><P ->The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->local master</B -> parameter allows Samba to act as a -local master browser. The <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> causes nmbd -to force a browser election on startup and the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> -parameter sets Samba high enough so that it should win any browser elections.</P -><P ->If you have an NT machine on the subnet that you wish to -be the local master browser then you can disable Samba from -becoming a local master browser by setting the following -options in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section of the -<TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = no -preferred master = no -os level = 0</PRE -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN3997" ->24.7. Setting up Browsing in a DOMAIN</A -></H1 -><P ->If you are adding Samba servers to a Windows NT Domain then -you must not set up a Samba server as a domain master browser. -By default, a Windows NT Primary Domain Controller for a Domain -name is also the Domain master browser for that name, and many -things will break if a Samba server registers the Domain master -browser NetBIOS name (<VAR -CLASS="REPLACEABLE" ->DOMAIN</VAR -><1B>) -with WINS instead of the PDC.</P -><P ->For subnets other than the one containing the Windows NT PDC -you may set up Samba servers as local master browsers as -described. To make a Samba server a local master browser set -the following options in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section -of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> file :</P -><P -><PRE -CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" ->domain master = no -local master = yes -preferred master = yes -os level = 65</PRE -></P -><P ->If you wish to have a Samba server fight the election with machines -on the same subnet you may set the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> parameter -to lower levels. By doing this you can tune the order of machines that -will become local master browsers if they are running. For -more details on this see the section <A -HREF="improved-browsing.html#BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->Forcing samba to be the master browser</A -> -below.</P -><P ->If you have Windows NT machines that are members of the domain -on all subnets, and you are sure they will always be running then -you can disable Samba from taking part in browser elections and -ever becoming a local master browser by setting following options -in the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->[global]</B -> section of the <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> -file :</P -><P -><B -CLASS="COMMAND" -> domain master = no - local master = no - preferred master = no - os level = 0</B -></P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="BROWSE-FORCE-MASTER" ->24.8. Forcing samba to be the master</A -></H1 -><P ->Who becomes the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->master browser</B -> is determined by an election -process using broadcasts. Each election packet contains a number of parameters -which determine what precedence (bias) a host should have in the -election. By default Samba uses a very low precedence and thus loses -elections to just about anyone else.</P -><P ->If you want Samba to win elections then just set the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> global -option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to a higher number. It defaults to 0. Using 34 -would make it win all elections over every other system (except other -samba systems!)</P -><P ->A <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> of 2 would make it beat WfWg and Win95, but not MS Windows -NT/2K Server. A MS Windows NT/2K Server domain controller uses level 32.</P -><P ->The maximum os level is 255</P -><P ->If you want samba to force an election on startup, then set the -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> global option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to "yes". Samba will -then have a slight advantage over other potential master browsers -that are not preferred master browsers. Use this parameter with -care, as if you have two hosts (whether they are windows 95 or NT or -samba) on the same local subnet both set with <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to -"yes", then periodically and continually they will force an election -in order to become the local master browser.</P -><P ->If you want samba to be a <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->domain master browser</B ->, then it is -recommended that you also set <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to "yes", because -samba will not become a domain master browser for the whole of your -LAN or WAN if it is not also a local master browser on its own -broadcast isolated subnet.</P -><P ->It is possible to configure two samba servers to attempt to become -the domain master browser for a domain. The first server that comes -up will be the domain master browser. All other samba servers will -attempt to become the domain master browser every 5 minutes. They -will find that another samba server is already the domain master -browser and will fail. This provides automatic redundancy, should -the current domain master browser fail.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4032" ->24.9. Making samba the domain master</A -></H1 -><P ->The domain master is responsible for collating the browse lists of -multiple subnets so that browsing can occur between subnets. You can -make samba act as the domain master by setting <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->domain master = yes</B -> -in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT ->. By default it will not be a domain master.</P -><P ->Note that you should NOT set Samba to be the domain master for a -workgroup that has the same name as an NT Domain.</P -><P ->When samba is the domain master and the master browser it will listen -for master announcements (made roughly every twelve minutes) from local -master browsers on other subnets and then contact them to synchronise -browse lists.</P -><P ->If you want samba to be the domain master then I suggest you also set -the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->os level</B -> high enough to make sure it wins elections, and set -<B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->preferred master</B -> to "yes", to get samba to force an election on -startup.</P -><P ->Note that all your servers (including samba) and clients should be -using a WINS server to resolve NetBIOS names. If your clients are only -using broadcasting to resolve NetBIOS names, then two things will occur:</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> your local master browsers will be unable to find a domain master - browser, as it will only be looking on the local subnet. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> if a client happens to get hold of a domain-wide browse list, and - a user attempts to access a host in that list, it will be unable to - resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. - </P -></LI -></OL -><P ->If, however, both samba and your clients are using a WINS server, then:</P -><P -></P -><OL -TYPE="1" -><LI -><P -> your local master browsers will contact the WINS server and, as long as - samba has registered that it is a domain master browser with the WINS - server, your local master browser will receive samba's ip address - as its domain master browser. - </P -></LI -><LI -><P -> when a client receives a domain-wide browse list, and a user attempts - to access a host in that list, it will contact the WINS server to - resolve the NetBIOS name of that host. as long as that host has - registered its NetBIOS name with the same WINS server, the user will - be able to see that host. - </P -></LI -></OL -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4054" ->24.10. Note about broadcast addresses</A -></H1 -><P ->If your network uses a "0" based broadcast address (for example if it -ends in a 0) then you will strike problems. Windows for Workgroups -does not seem to support a 0's broadcast and you will probably find -that browsing and name lookups won't work.</P -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="SECT1" -><H1 -CLASS="SECT1" -><A -NAME="AEN4057" ->24.11. Multiple interfaces</A -></H1 -><P ->Samba now supports machines with multiple network interfaces. If you -have multiple interfaces then you will need to use the <B -CLASS="COMMAND" ->interfaces</B -> -option in <TT -CLASS="FILENAME" ->smb.conf</TT -> to configure them. </P -></DIV -></DIV -><DIV -CLASS="NAVFOOTER" -><HR -ALIGN="LEFT" -WIDTH="100%"><TABLE -SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" -WIDTH="100%" -BORDER="0" -CELLPADDING="0" -CELLSPACING="0" -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="integrate-ms-networks.html" -ACCESSKEY="P" ->Prev</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="samba-howto-collection.html" -ACCESSKEY="H" ->Home</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="securing-samba.html" -ACCESSKEY="N" ->Next</A -></TD -></TR -><TR -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="left" -VALIGN="top" ->Integrating MS Windows networks with Samba</TD -><TD -WIDTH="34%" -ALIGN="center" -VALIGN="top" -><A -HREF="optional.html" -ACCESSKEY="U" ->Up</A -></TD -><TD -WIDTH="33%" -ALIGN="right" -VALIGN="top" ->Securing Samba</TD -></TR -></TABLE -></DIV -></BODY -></HTML ->
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