newly generated docs; removing old ones

(This used to be commit d72538fd14b8d00ea07f19464b4f3a3d93445cbf)
author: Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> 2002-10-02 14:08:40 +0000
committer: Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org> 2002-10-02 14:08:40 +0000
commit: 53b16591832dc07e9e15a9078f08a899503bbaa6 (patch)
tree: f4f7d49b37c6289f94235a0056bd7aa0a3a23522 /docs/htmldocs/pam.html
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+<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
+<HTML
+><HEAD
+><TITLE
+>Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally 
+managed authentication</TITLE
+><META
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+><HR
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+><DIV
+CLASS="CHAPTER"
+><H1
+><A
+NAME="PAM">Chapter 4. Configuring PAM for distributed but centrally 
+managed authentication</H1
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN593">4.1. Samba and PAM</H1
+><P
+>A number of Unix systems (eg: Sun Solaris), as well as the 
+xxxxBSD family and Linux, now utilize the Pluggable Authentication 
+Modules (PAM) facility to provide all authentication, 
+authorization and resource control services. Prior to the 
+introduction of PAM, a decision to use an alternative to 
+the system password database (<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+>) 
+would require the provision of alternatives for all programs that provide 
+security services. Such a choice would involve provision of 
+alternatives to such programs as: <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>login</B
+>, 
+<B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>passwd</B
+>, <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>chown</B
+>, etc.</P
+><P
+>PAM provides a mechanism that disconnects these security programs 
+from the underlying authentication/authorization infrastructure.
+PAM is configured either through one file <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/pam.conf</TT
+> (Solaris), 
+or by editing individual files that are located in <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/pam.d</TT
+>.</P
+><P
+>The following is an example <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/pam.d/login</TT
+> configuration file. 
+This example had all options been uncommented is probably not usable 
+as it stacks many conditions before allowing successful completion 
+of the login process. Essentially all conditions can be disabled 
+by commenting them out except the calls to <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_pwdb.so</TT
+>.</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>#%PAM-1.0
+# The PAM configuration file for the `login' service
+#
+auth 		required	pam_securetty.so
+auth 		required	pam_nologin.so
+# auth 		required	pam_dialup.so
+# auth 		optional	pam_mail.so
+auth		required	pam_pwdb.so shadow md5
+# account    	requisite  	pam_time.so
+account		required	pam_pwdb.so
+session		required	pam_pwdb.so
+# session 	optional	pam_lastlog.so
+# password   	required   	pam_cracklib.so retry=3
+password	required	pam_pwdb.so shadow md5</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>PAM allows use of replacable modules. Those available on a 
+sample system include:</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>$ /bin/ls /lib/security
+pam_access.so    pam_ftp.so          pam_limits.so     
+pam_ncp_auth.so  pam_rhosts_auth.so  pam_stress.so     
+pam_cracklib.so  pam_group.so        pam_listfile.so   
+pam_nologin.so   pam_rootok.so       pam_tally.so      
+pam_deny.so      pam_issue.so        pam_mail.so       
+pam_permit.so    pam_securetty.so    pam_time.so       
+pam_dialup.so    pam_lastlog.so      pam_mkhomedir.so  
+pam_pwdb.so      pam_shells.so       pam_unix.so       
+pam_env.so       pam_ldap.so         pam_motd.so       
+pam_radius.so    pam_smbpass.so      pam_unix_acct.so  
+pam_wheel.so     pam_unix_auth.so    pam_unix_passwd.so
+pam_userdb.so    pam_warn.so         pam_unix_session.so</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>The following example for the login program replaces the use of 
+the <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_pwdb.so</TT
+> module which uses the system 
+password database (<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/passwd</TT
+>,
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/shadow</TT
+>, <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/group</TT
+>) with 
+the module <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_smbpass.so</TT
+> which uses the Samba 
+database which contains the Microsoft MD4 encrypted password 
+hashes. This database is stored in either 
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/usr/local/samba/private/smbpasswd</TT
+>, 
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/samba/smbpasswd</TT
+>, or in 
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>/etc/samba.d/smbpasswd</TT
+>, depending on the 
+Samba implementation for your Unix/Linux system. The 
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_smbpass.so</TT
+> module is provided by 
+Samba version 2.2.1 or later. It can be compiled by specifying the 
+<B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>--with-pam_smbpass</B
+> options when running Samba's
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>configure</TT
+> script.  For more information
+on the <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_smbpass</TT
+> module, see the documentation
+in the <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>source/pam_smbpass</TT
+> directory of the Samba 
+source distribution.</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>#%PAM-1.0
+# The PAM configuration file for the `login' service
+#
+auth		required	pam_smbpass.so nodelay
+account		required	pam_smbpass.so nodelay
+session		required	pam_smbpass.so nodelay
+password	required	pam_smbpass.so nodelay</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>The following is the PAM configuration file for a particular 
+Linux system. The default condition uses <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_pwdb.so</TT
+>.</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>#%PAM-1.0
+# The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service
+#
+auth       required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nullok nodelay shadow audit
+account    required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay
+session    required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nodelay
+password   required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so shadow md5</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>In the following example the decision has been made to use the 
+smbpasswd database even for basic samba authentication. Such a 
+decision could also be made for the passwd program and would 
+thus allow the smbpasswd passwords to be changed using the passwd 
+program.</P
+><P
+><PRE
+CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
+>#%PAM-1.0
+# The PAM configuration file for the `samba' service
+#
+auth       required     /lib/security/pam_smbpass.so nodelay
+account    required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so audit nodelay
+session    required     /lib/security/pam_pwdb.so nodelay
+password   required     /lib/security/pam_smbpass.so nodelay smbconf=/etc/samba.d/smb.conf</PRE
+></P
+><P
+>Note: PAM allows stacking of authentication mechanisms. It is 
+also possible to pass information obtained within one PAM module through 
+to the next module in the PAM stack. Please refer to the documentation for 
+your particular system implementation for details regarding the specific 
+capabilities of PAM in this environment. Some Linux implmentations also 
+provide the <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_stack.so</TT
+> module that allows all 
+authentication to be configured in a single central file. The 
+<TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_stack.so</TT
+> method has some very devoted followers 
+on the basis that it allows for easier administration. As with all issues in 
+life though, every decision makes trade-offs, so you may want examine the 
+PAM documentation for further helpful information.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN637">4.2. Distributed Authentication</H1
+><P
+>The astute administrator will realize from this that the 
+combination of <TT
+CLASS="FILENAME"
+>pam_smbpass.so</TT
+>, 
+<B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>winbindd</B
+>, and <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>rsync</B
+> (see
+<A
+HREF="http://rsync.samba.org/"
+TARGET="_top"
+>http://rsync.samba.org/</A
+>)
+will allow the establishment of a centrally managed, distributed 
+user/password database that can also be used by all 
+PAM (eg: Linux) aware programs and applications. This arrangement 
+can have particularly potent advantages compared with the 
+use of Microsoft Active Directory Service (ADS) in so far as 
+reduction of wide area network authentication traffic.</P
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><H1
+CLASS="SECT1"
+><A
+NAME="AEN644">4.3. PAM Configuration in smb.conf</H1
+><P
+>There is an option in smb.conf called <A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#OBEYPAMRESTRICTIONS"
+TARGET="_top"
+>obey pam restrictions</A
+>. 
+The following is from the on-line help for this option in SWAT;</P
+><P
+>When Samba 2.2 is configure to enable PAM support (i.e. 
+<TT
+CLASS="CONSTANT"
+>--with-pam</TT
+>), this parameter will 
+control whether or not Samba should obey PAM's account 
+and session management directives. The default behavior 
+is to use PAM for clear text authentication only and to 
+ignore any account or session management. Note that Samba always 
+ignores PAM for authentication in the case of 
+<A
+HREF="smb.conf.5.html#ENCRYPTPASSWORDS"
+TARGET="_top"
+>encrypt passwords = yes</A
+>. 
+The reason is that PAM modules cannot support the challenge/response 
+authentication mechanism needed in the presence of SMB 
+password encryption. </P
+><P
+>Default: <B
+CLASS="COMMAND"
+>obey pam restrictions = no</B
+></P
+></DIV
+></DIV
+><DIV
+CLASS="NAVFOOTER"
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+SUMMARY="Footer navigation table"
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+\ No newline at end of file
author	Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org>	2002-10-02 14:08:40 +0000
committer	Gerald Carter <jerry@samba.org>	2002-10-02 14:08:40 +0000
commit	53b16591832dc07e9e15a9078f08a899503bbaa6 (patch)
tree	f4f7d49b37c6289f94235a0056bd7aa0a3a23522 /docs/htmldocs/pam.html
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