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-><HEAD
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->Debugging Printing Problems</TITLE
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->SAMBA Project Documentation</TH
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-><H1
-><A
-NAME="PRINTINGDEBUG"
-></A
->Chapter 7. Debugging Printing Problems</H1
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN986"
-></A
->7.1. Introduction</H1
-><P
->This is a short description of how to debug printing problems with
-Samba. This describes how to debug problems with printing from a SMB
-client to a Samba server, not the other way around. For the reverse
-see the examples/printing directory.</P
-><P
->Ok, so you want to print to a Samba server from your PC. The first
-thing you need to understand is that Samba does not actually do any
-printing itself, it just acts as a middleman between your PC client
-and your Unix printing subsystem. Samba receives the file from the PC
-then passes the file to a external "print command". What print command
-you use is up to you.</P
-><P
->The whole things is controlled using options in smb.conf. The most
-relevant options (which you should look up in the smb.conf man page)
-are:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> [global]
- print command - send a file to a spooler
- lpq command - get spool queue status
- lprm command - remove a job
- [printers]
- path = /var/spool/lpd/samba</PRE
-></P
-><P
->The following are nice to know about:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> queuepause command - stop a printer or print queue
- queueresume command - start a printer or print queue</PRE
-></P
-><P
->Example:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> print command = /usr/bin/lpr -r -P%p %s
- lpq command = /usr/bin/lpq -P%p %s
- lprm command = /usr/bin/lprm -P%p %j
- queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p stop
- queuepause command = /usr/sbin/lpc -P%p start</PRE
-></P
-><P
->Samba should set reasonable defaults for these depending on your
-system type, but it isn't clairvoyant. It is not uncommon that you
-have to tweak these for local conditions. The commands should
-always have fully specified pathnames, as the smdb may not have
-the correct PATH values.</P
-><P
->When you send a job to Samba to be printed, it will make a temporary
-copy of it in the directory specified in the [printers] section.
-and it should be periodically cleaned out. The lpr -r option
-requests that the temporary copy be removed after printing; If
-printing fails then you might find leftover files in this directory,
-and it should be periodically cleaned out. Samba used the lpq
-command to determine the "job number" assigned to your print job
-by the spooler.</P
-><P
->The %&gt;letter&lt; are "macros" that get dynamically replaced with appropriate
-values when they are used. The %s gets replaced with the name of the spool
-file that Samba creates and the %p gets replaced with the name of the
-printer. The %j gets replaced with the "job number" which comes from
-the lpq output.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1002"
-></A
->7.2. Debugging printer problems</H1
-><P
->One way to debug printing problems is to start by replacing these
-command with shell scripts that record the arguments and the contents
-of the print file. A simple example of this kind of things might
-be:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> print command = /tmp/saveprint %p %s
-
- #!/bin/saveprint
- # we make sure that we are the right user
- /usr/bin/id -p &#62;/tmp/tmp.print
- # we run the command and save the error messages
- # replace the command with the one appropriate for your system
- /usr/bin/lpr -r -P$1 $2 2&#62;&#62;&#38;/tmp/tmp.print</PRE
-></P
-><P
->Then you print a file and try removing it. You may find that the
-print queue needs to be stopped in order to see the queue status
-and remove the job:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
->&#13;h4: {42} % echo hi &#62;/tmp/hi
-h4: {43} % smbclient //localhost/lw4
-added interface ip=10.0.0.4 bcast=10.0.0.255 nmask=255.255.255.0
-Password:
-Domain=[ASTART] OS=[Unix] Server=[Samba 2.0.7]
-smb: \&#62; print /tmp/hi
-putting file /tmp/hi as hi-17534 (0.0 kb/s) (average 0.0 kb/s)
-smb: \&#62; queue
-1049 3 hi-17534
-smb: \&#62; cancel 1049
-Error cancelling job 1049 : code 0
-smb: \&#62; cancel 1049
-Job 1049 cancelled
-smb: \&#62; queue
-smb: \&#62; exit</PRE
-></P
-><P
->The 'code 0' indicates that the job was removed. The comment
-by the smbclient is a bit misleading on this.
-You can observe the command output and then and look at the
-/tmp/tmp.print file to see what the results are. You can quickly
-find out if the problem is with your printing system. Often people
-have problems with their /etc/printcap file or permissions on
-various print queues.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1011"
-></A
->7.3. What printers do I have?</H1
-><P
->You can use the 'testprns' program to check to see if the printer
-name you are using is recognized by Samba. For example, you can
-use:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> testprns printer /etc/printcap</PRE
-></P
-><P
->Samba can get its printcap information from a file or from a program.
-You can try the following to see the format of the extracted
-information:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> testprns -a printer /etc/printcap
-
- testprns -a printer '|/bin/cat printcap'</PRE
-></P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1019"
-></A
->7.4. Setting up printcap and print servers</H1
-><P
->You may need to set up some printcaps for your Samba system to use.
-It is strongly recommended that you use the facilities provided by
-the print spooler to set up queues and printcap information.</P
-><P
->Samba requires either a printcap or program to deliver printcap
-information. This printcap information has the format:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> name|alias1|alias2...:option=value:...</PRE
-></P
-><P
->For almost all printing systems, the printer 'name' must be composed
-only of alphanumeric or underscore '_' characters. Some systems also
-allow hyphens ('-') as well. An alias is an alternative name for the
-printer, and an alias with a space in it is used as a 'comment'
-about the printer. The printcap format optionally uses a \ at the end of lines
-to extend the printcap to multiple lines.</P
-><P
->Here are some examples of printcap files:</P
-><P
-><P
-></P
-><OL
-TYPE="1"
-><LI
-><P
->pr just printer name</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->pr|alias printer name and alias</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->pr|My Printer printer name, alias used as comment</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->pr:sh:\ Same as pr:sh:cm= testing
- :cm= \
- testing</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->pr:sh Same as pr:sh:cm= testing
- :cm= testing</P
-></LI
-></OL
-></P
-><P
->Samba reads the printcap information when first started. If you make
-changes in the printcap information, then you must do the following:</P
-><P
-></P
-><OL
-TYPE="1"
-><LI
-><P
->make sure that the print spooler is aware of these changes.
-The LPRng system uses the 'lpc reread' command to do this.</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->make sure that the spool queues, etc., exist and have the
-correct permissions. The LPRng system uses the 'checkpc -f'
-command to do this.</P
-></LI
-><LI
-><P
->You now should send a SIGHUP signal to the smbd server to have
-it reread the printcap information.</P
-></LI
-></OL
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1047"
-></A
->7.5. Job sent, no output</H1
-><P
->This is the most frustrating part of printing. You may have sent the
-job, verified that the job was forwarded, set up a wrapper around
-the command to send the file, but there was no output from the printer.</P
-><P
->First, check to make sure that the job REALLY is getting to the
-right print queue. If you are using a BSD or LPRng print spooler,
-you can temporarily stop the printing of jobs. Jobs can still be
-submitted, but they will not be printed. Use:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> lpc -Pprinter stop</PRE
-></P
-><P
->Now submit a print job and then use 'lpq -Pprinter' to see if the
-job is in the print queue. If it is not in the print queue then
-you will have to find out why it is not being accepted for printing.</P
-><P
->Next, you may want to check to see what the format of the job really
-was. With the assistance of the system administrator you can view
-the submitted jobs files. You may be surprised to find that these
-are not in what you would expect to call a printable format.
-You can use the UNIX 'file' utitily to determine what the job
-format actually is:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> cd /var/spool/lpd/printer # spool directory of print jobs
- ls # find job files
- file dfA001myhost</PRE
-></P
-><P
->You should make sure that your printer supports this format OR that
-your system administrator has installed a 'print filter' that will
-convert the file to a format appropriate for your printer.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1058"
-></A
->7.6. Job sent, strange output</H1
-><P
->Once you have the job printing, you can then start worrying about
-making it print nicely.</P
-><P
->The most common problem is extra pages of output: banner pages
-OR blank pages at the end.</P
-><P
->If you are getting banner pages, check and make sure that the
-printcap option or printer option is configured for no banners.
-If you have a printcap, this is the :sh (suppress header or banner
-page) option. You should have the following in your printer.</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> printer: ... :sh</PRE
-></P
-><P
->If you have this option and are still getting banner pages, there
-is a strong chance that your printer is generating them for you
-automatically. You should make sure that banner printing is disabled
-for the printer. This usually requires using the printer setup software
-or procedures supplied by the printer manufacturer.</P
-><P
->If you get an extra page of output, this could be due to problems
-with your job format, or if you are generating PostScript jobs,
-incorrect setting on your printer driver on the MicroSoft client.
-For example, under Win95 there is a option:</P
-><P
-><PRE
-CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
-> Printers|Printer Name|(Right Click)Properties|Postscript|Advanced|</PRE
-></P
-><P
->that allows you to choose if a Ctrl-D is appended to all jobs.
-This is a very bad thing to do, as most spooling systems will
-automatically add a ^D to the end of the job if it is detected as
-PostScript. The multiple ^D may cause an additional page of output.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1070"
-></A
->7.7. Raw PostScript printed</H1
-><P
->This is a problem that is usually caused by either the print spooling
-system putting information at the start of the print job that makes
-the printer think the job is a text file, or your printer simply
-does not support PostScript. You may need to enable 'Automatic
-Format Detection' on your printer.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1073"
-></A
->7.8. Advanced Printing</H1
-><P
->Note that you can do some pretty magic things by using your
-imagination with the "print command" option and some shell scripts.
-Doing print accounting is easy by passing the %U option to a print
-command shell script. You could even make the print command detect
-the type of output and its size and send it to an appropriate
-printer.</P
-></DIV
-><DIV
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><H1
-CLASS="SECT1"
-><A
-NAME="AEN1076"
-></A
->7.9. Real debugging</H1
-><P
->If the above debug tips don't help, then maybe you need to bring in
-the bug guns, system tracing. See Tracing.txt in this directory.</P
-></DIV
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