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diff --git a/docs/docbook/projdoc/PolicyMgmt.sgml b/docs/docbook/projdoc/PolicyMgmt.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 333fe6ad0b..0000000000 --- a/docs/docbook/projdoc/PolicyMgmt.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,385 +0,0 @@ -<chapter id="PolicyMgmt"> -<chapterinfo> - &author.jht; - <pubdate>April 3 2003</pubdate> -</chapterinfo> -<title>System and Account Policies</title> - -<sect1> -<title>Creating and Managing System Policies</title> - -<para> -Under MS Windows platforms, particularly those following the release of MS Windows -NT4 and MS Windows 95) it is possible to create a type of file that would be placed -in the NETLOGON share of a domain controller. As the client logs onto the network -this file is read and the contents initiate changes to the registry of the client -machine. This file allows changes to be made to those parts of the registry that -affect users, groups of users, or machines. -</para> - -<para> -For MS Windows 9x/Me this file must be called <filename>Config.POL</filename> and may -be generated using a tool called <filename>poledit.exe</filename>, better known as the -Policy Editor. The policy editor was provided on the Windows 98 installation CD, but -dissappeared again with the introduction of MS Windows Me (Millenium Edition). From -comments from MS Windows network administrators it would appear that this tool became -a part of the MS Windows Me Resource Kit. -</para> - -<para> -MS Windows NT4 Server products include the <emphasis>System Policy Editor</emphasis> -under the <filename>Start -> Programs -> Administrative Tools</filename> menu item. -For MS Windows NT4 and later clients this file must be called <filename>NTConfig.POL</filename>. -</para> - -<para> -New with the introduction of MS Windows 2000 was the Microsoft Management Console -or MMC. This tool is the new wave in the ever changing landscape of Microsoft -methods for management of network access and security. Every new Microsoft product -or technology seems to obsolete the old rules and to introduce newer and more -complex tools and methods. To Microsoft's credit though, the MMC does appear to -be a step forward, but improved functionality comes at a great price. -</para> - -<para> -Before embarking on the configuration of network and system policies it is highly -advisable to read the documentation available from Microsoft's web site regarding -<ulink url="http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp"> -Implementing Profiles and Policies in Windows NT 4.0 from http://www.microsoft.com/ntserver/management/deployment/planguide/prof_policies.asp</ulink> available from Microsoft. -There are a large number of documents in addition to this old one that should also -be read and understood. Try searching on the Microsoft web site for "Group Policies". -</para> - -<para> -What follows is a very brief discussion with some helpful notes. The information provided -here is incomplete - you are warned. -</para> - -<sect2> -<title>Windows 9x/Me Policies</title> - -<para> -You need the Win98 Group Policy Editor to set Group Profiles up under Windows 9x/Me. -It can be found on the Original full product Win98 installation CD under -<filename>tools/reskit/netadmin/poledit</filename>. Install this using the -Add/Remove Programs facility and then click on the 'Have Disk' tab. -</para> - -<para> -Use the Group Policy Editor to create a policy file that specifies the location of -user profiles and/or the <filename>My Documents</filename> etc. stuff. Then -save these settings in a file called <filename>Config.POL</filename> that needs to -be placed in the root of the [NETLOGON] share. If Win98 is configured to log onto -the Samba Domain, it will automatically read this file and update the Win9x/Me registry -of the machine as it logs on. -</para> - -<para> -Further details are covered in the Win98 Resource Kit documentation. -</para> - -<para> -If you do not take the right steps, then every so often Win9x/Me will check the -integrity of the registry and will restore it's settings from the back-up -copy of the registry it stores on each Win9x/Me machine. Hence, you will -occasionally notice things changing back to the original settings. -</para> - -<para> -Install the group policy handler for Win9x to pick up group policies. Look on the -Win98 CD in <filename>\tools\reskit\netadmin\poledit</filename>. -Install group policies on a Win9x client by double-clicking -<filename>grouppol.inf</filename>. Log off and on again a couple of times and see -if Win98 picks up group policies. Unfortunately this needs to be done on every -Win9x/Me machine that uses group policies. -</para> - -</sect2> -<sect2> -<title>Windows NT4 Style Policy Files</title> - -<para> -To create or edit <filename>ntconfig.pol</filename> you must use the NT Server -Policy Editor, <command>poledit.exe</command> which is included with NT4 Server -but <emphasis>not NT Workstation</emphasis>. There is a Policy Editor on a NT4 -Workstation but it is not suitable for creating <emphasis>Domain Policies</emphasis>. -Further, although the Windows 95 Policy Editor can be installed on an NT4 -Workstation/Server, it will not work with NT clients. However, the files from -the NT Server will run happily enough on an NT4 Workstation. -</para> - -<para> -You need <filename>poledit.exe, common.adm</filename> and <filename>winnt.adm</filename>. -It is convenient to put the two *.adm files in the <filename>c:\winnt\inf</filename> -directory which is where the binary will look for them unless told otherwise. Note also that that -directory is normally 'hidden'. -</para> - -<para> -The Windows NT policy editor is also included with the Service Pack 3 (and -later) for Windows NT 4.0. Extract the files using <command>servicepackname /x</command>, -i.e. that's <command>Nt4sp6ai.exe /x</command> for service pack 6a. The policy editor, -<command>poledit.exe</command> and the associated template files (*.adm) should -be extracted as well. It is also possible to downloaded the policy template -files for Office97 and get a copy of the policy editor. Another possible -location is with the Zero Administration Kit available for download from Microsoft. -</para> - -<sect3> -<title>Registry Tattoos</title> - - <para> - With NT4 style registry based policy changes, a large number of settings are not - automatically reversed as the user logs off. Since the settings that were in the - NTConfig.POL file were applied to the client machine registry and that apply to the - hive key HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE are permanent until explicitly reversed. This is known - as tattooing. It can have serious consequences down-stream and the administrator must - be extremely careful not to lock out the ability to manage the machine at a later date. - </para> - - -</sect3> -</sect2> -<sect2> -<title>MS Windows 200x / XP Professional Policies</title> - -<para> -Windows NT4 System policies allows setting of registry parameters specific to -users, groups and computers (client workstations) that are members of the NT4 -style domain. Such policy file will work with MS Windows 2000 / XP clients also. -</para> - -<para> -New to MS Windows 2000 Microsoft introduced a new style of group policy that confers -a superset of capabilities compared with NT4 style policies. Obviously, the tool used -to create them is different, and the mechanism for implementing them is much changed. -</para> - -<para> -The older NT4 style registry based policies are known as <emphasis>Administrative Templates</emphasis> -in MS Windows 2000/XP Group Policy Objects (GPOs). The later includes ability to set various security -configurations, enforce Internet Explorer browser settings, change and redirect aspects of the -users' desktop (including: the location of <emphasis>My Documents</emphasis> files (directory), as -well as intrinsics of where menu items will appear in the Start menu). An additional new -feature is the ability to make available particular software Windows applications to particular -users and/or groups. -</para> - -<para> -Remember: NT4 policy files are named <filename>NTConfig.POL</filename> and are stored in the root -of the NETLOGON share on the domain controllers. A Windows NT4 user enters a username, a password -and selects the domain name to which the logon will attempt to take place. During the logon -process the client machine reads the NTConfig.POL file from the NETLOGON share on the authenticating -server, modifies the local registry values according to the settings in this file. -</para> - -<para> -Windows 2K GPOs are very feature rich. They are NOT stored in the NETLOGON share, rather part of -a Windows 200x policy file is stored in the Active Directory itself and the other part is stored -in a shared (and replicated) volume called the SYSVOL folder. This folder is present on all Active -Directory domain controllers. The part that is stored in the Active Directory itself is called the -group policy container (GPC), and the part that is stored in the replicated share called SYSVOL is -known as the group policy template (GPT). -</para> - -<para> -With NT4 clients the policy file is read and executed upon only as each user logs onto the network. -MS Windows 200x policies are much more complex - GPOs are processed and applied at client machine -startup (machine specific part) and when the user logs onto the network the user specific part -is applied. In MS Windows 200x style policy management each machine and/or user may be subject -to any number of concurently applicable (and applied) policy sets (GPOs). Active Directory allows -the administrator to also set filters over the policy settings. No such equivalent capability -exists with NT4 style policy files. -</para> - -<sect3> -<title>Administration of Win2K / XP Policies</title> - -<procedure> -<title>Instructions</title> -<para> -Instead of using the tool called "The System Policy Editor", commonly called Poledit (from the -executable name poledit.exe), GPOs are created and managed using a Microsoft Management Console -(MMC) snap-in as follows:</para> - -<step> -<para> -Go to the Windows 200x / XP menu <filename>Start->Programs->Administrative Tools</filename> - and select the MMC snap-in called "Active Directory Users and Computers" -</para> -</step> - -<step><para> -Select the domain or organizational unit (OU) that you wish to manage, then right click -to open the context menu for that object, select the properties item. -</para></step> - -<step><para> -Now left click on the Group Policy tab, then left click on the New tab. Type a name -for the new policy you will create. -</para></step> - -<step><para> -Now left click on the Edit tab to commence the steps needed to create the GPO. -</para></step> -</procedure> - -<para> -All policy configuration options are controlled through the use of policy administrative -templates. These files have a .adm extension, both in NT4 as well as in Windows 200x / XP. -Beware however, since the .adm files are NOT interchangible across NT4 and Windows 200x. -The later introduces many new features as well as extended definition capabilities. It is -well beyond the scope of this documentation to explain how to program .adm files, for that -the adminsitrator is referred to the Microsoft Windows Resource Kit for your particular -version of MS Windows. -</para> - -<note> -<para> -The MS Windows 2000 Resource Kit contains a tool called gpolmig.exe. This tool can be used -to migrate an NT4 NTConfig.POL file into a Windows 200x style GPO. Be VERY careful how you -use this powerful tool. Please refer to the resource kit manuals for specific usage information. -</para> -</note> - -</sect3> -</sect2> -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>Managing Account/User Policies</title> - -<para> -Policies can define a specific user's settings or the settings for a group of users. The resulting -policy file contains the registry settings for all users, groups, and computers that will be using -the policy file. Separate policy files for each user, group, or computer are not not necessary. -</para> - -<para> -If you create a policy that will be automatically downloaded from validating domain controllers, -you should name the file NTconfig.POL. As system administrator, you have the option of renaming the -policy file and, by modifying the Windows NT-based workstation, directing the computer to update -the policy from a manual path. You can do this by either manually changing the registry or by using -the System Policy Editor. This path can even be a local path such that each machine has its own policy file, -but if a change is necessary to all machines, this change must be made individually to each workstation. -</para> - -<para> -When a Windows NT4/200x/XP machine logs onto the network the NETLOGON share on the authenticating domain -controller for the presence of the NTConfig.POL file. If one exists it is downloaded, parsed and then -applied to the user's part of the registry. -</para> - -<para> -MS Windows 200x/XP clients that log onto an MS Windows Active Directory security domain may additionally, -acquire policy settings through Group Policy Objects (GPOs) that are defined and stored in Active Directory -itself. The key benefit of using AS GPOs is that they impose no registry <emphasis>tatooing</emphasis> effect. -This has considerable advanage compared with the use of NTConfig.POL (NT4) style policy updates. -</para> - -<para> -In addition to user access controls that may be imposed or applied via system and/or group policies -in a manner that works in conjunction with user profiles, the user management environment under -MS Windows NT4/200x/XP allows per domain as well as per user account restrictions to be applied. -Common restrictions that are frequently used includes: -</para> - -<para> -<simplelist> - <member>Logon Hours</member> - <member>Password Aging</member> - <member>Permitted Logon from certain machines only</member> - <member>Account type (Local or Global)</member> - <member>User Rights</member> -</simplelist> -</para> - -<sect2> -<title>With Windows NT4/200x</title> - -<para> -The tools that may be used to configure these types of controls from the MS Windows environment are: -The NT4 User Manager for domains, the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor, the registry editor (regedt32.exe). -Under MS Windows 200x/XP this is done using the Microsoft Managment Console (MMC) with approapriate -"snap-ins", the registry editor, and potentially also the NT4 System and Group Policy Editor. -</para> -</sect2> - -<sect2> -<title>With a Samba PDC</title> - -<para> -With a Samba Domain Controller, the new tools for managing of user account and policy information includes: -<filename>smbpasswd, pdbedit, net, rpcclient.</filename>. The administrator should read the -man pages for these tools and become familiar with their use. -</para> - -</sect2> -</sect1> - -<sect1> -<title>System Startup and Logon Processing Overview</title> - -<para> -The following attempts to document the order of processing of system and user policies following a system -reboot and as part of the user logon: -</para> - -<orderedlist> - <listitem><para> - Network starts, then Remote Procedure Call System Service (RPCSS) and Multiple Universal Naming - Convention Provider (MUP) start - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - Where Active Directory is involved, an ordered list of Group Policy Objects (GPOs) is downloaded - and applied. The list may include GPOs that: -<simplelist> - <member>Apply to the location of machines in a Directory</member> - <member>Apply only when settings have changed</member> - <member>Depend on configuration of scope of applicability: local, site, domain, organizational unit, etc.</member> -</simplelist> - No desktop user interface is presented until the above have been processed. - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - Execution of start-up scripts (hidden and synchronous by defaut). - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - A keyboard action to affect start of logon (Ctrl-Alt-Del). - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - User credentials are validated, User profile is loaded (depends on policy settings). - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - An ordered list of User GPOs is obtained. The list contents depends on what is configured in respsect of: - -<simplelist> - <member>Is user a domain member, thus subject to particular policies</member> - <member>Loopback enablement, and the state of the loopback policy (Merge or Replace)</member> - <member>Location of the Active Directory itself</member> - <member>Has the list of GPOs changed. No processing is needed if not changed.</member> -</simplelist> - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - User Policies are applied from Active Directory. Note: There are several types. - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - Logon scripts are run. New to Win2K and Active Directory, logon scripts may be obtained based on Group - Policy objects (hidden and executed synchronously). NT4 style logon scripts are then run in a normal - window. - </para></listitem> - - <listitem><para> - The User Interface as determined from the GPOs is presented. Note: In a Samba domain (like and NT4 - Domain) machine (system) policies are applied at start-up, User policies are applied at logon. - </para></listitem> -</orderedlist> - -</sect1> -</chapter> |